Violence Against Journalists and Media Workers: Inter-American Standards and National Practices on Prevention, Protection and Prosecution of Perpetrators

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Violence Against Journalists and Media Workers: Inter-American Standards and National Practices on Prevention, Protection and Prosecution of Perpetrators INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS OEA/Ser.L/V/II. CIDH/RELE/INF. 12/13 31 December, 2013 Original: Spanish VIOLENCE AGAINST JOURNALISTS AND MEDIA WORKERS: INTER-AMERICAN STANDARDS AND NATIONAL PRACTICES ON PREVENTION, PROTECTION AND PROSECUTION OF PERPETRATORS Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression Inter-American Commission on Human Rights Catalina Botero Marino Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression 2013 Internet: http://www.cidh.org/relatoria Email: [email protected] ii OAS Cataloging-in-Publication Data Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression. Violencia contra periodistas y trabajadores de medios: Estándares interamericanos y prácticas nacionales sobre prevención, protección y procuración de la justicia = Violence against journalists and media workers: Inter-American standards and national practices on prevention, protection and prosecution of perpetrators. v. ; cm. (OEA documentos oficiales ; OEA/Ser.L) ISBN 978-0-8270-6137-8 1. Freedom of the press--America. 2. Journalists--Crimes against--America. 3. Journalists--Violence against--America. I. Title. II. Title: Violence against journalists and media workers: Inter- American standards and national practices on prevention, protection and prosecution of perpetrators. III. Series. OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L. OEA/Ser.L/V/II CIDH/RELE/INF.12/13 Document prepared and published thanks to the financial support of the Swedish International Cooperational for Development Agency and Open Society Foundations The content of this publication is the exclusive responsibility of the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, and it does not in any way purport to represent the views of the donors Approved by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on December 31, 2013. iii INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS MEMBERS José de Jesus Orozco Henríquez Tracy Robinson Felipe González Rose-Marie Belle Antoine Rosa María Ortiz Dinah Shelton Rodrigo Escobar Gil ***** Secretario Ejecutivo: Emilio Alvarez-Icaza Secretaria Ejecutiva Adjunta: Elizabeth Abi-Mershed iv v OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL RAPPORTEUR FOR FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION OF THE INTER-AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLENCE AGAINST JOURNALISTS AND MEDIA WORKERS: INTER-AMERICAN STANDARDS AND NATIONAL PRACTICES ON PREVENTION, PROTECTION AND PROSECUTION OF PERPETRATORS INDEX TABLE OF ACRONYMS AND REFERENCES ............................................................. vii I. Introduction ......................................................................................................... 1 II. Violence against journalists in the Americas: an increasingly urgent challenge ................................................................................................................ 9 III.Violence against journalists: international standards and national practices ...............................................................................................................20 A. The obligation to prevent ....................................................................23 1. The obligation to maintain public discourse that contributes to preventing violence against journalists ......................................................................24 2. The obligation to instruct security services on respect for the media .................................................................31 3. The obligation to respect the right of journalists to keep their sources, notes, and personal and professional archives confidential .....................................................34 4. The obligation to punish violence against journalists ............36 5. The obligation to maintain accurate statistics on violence against journalists ...........................................38 B. The obligation to protect ....................................................................40 1. The obligation to protect at-risk journalists and media workers ..........................................................................40 2. Special protection mechanisms for journalists and media workers in place throughout the region .......................55 Colombia .......................................................................55 Mexico ...........................................................................67 Brasil ..............................................................................81 Guatemala .....................................................................88 Honduras .......................................................................93 C. The obligation to criminally investigate, prosecute and punish .........98 vi 1. The obligation to adopt an adequate institutional framework for the effective investigation, prosecution and punishment of violence against journalists ....................................................................106 2. The obligation to exercise due diligence and exhaust lines of inquiry related to the victim’s practice of journalism ....................................................................124 3. The obligation to conduct investigations in a reasonable time .............................................................................129 4. The obligation to remove legal obstacles to the investigation and effective and proportional punishment of the most serious crimes against journalists ....................................................................131 5. The obligation to facilitate victim participation ...................139 D. State obligations with regard to journalists in situations of social unrest .................................................................................................................141 E. State obligations regarding journalists in situations of armed conflict ................................................................................................................149 F. Violence against women journalists ..................................................155 G. The role of other actors: third-party States, media outlets and NGOs ...................................................................................................................166 IV. Conclusions and recommendations ..............................................................176 vii TABLE OF ACRONYMS AND REFERENCES ACHPR: African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights American Convention: American Convention on Human Rights American Declaration: American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man Declaration of Principles: Declaration of Principles on Freedom of Expression European Convention: European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms European Court: European Court of Human Rights IACHR: Inter-American Commission on Human Rights ICCPR: International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ILO: International Labor Organization Inter-American Court: Inter-American Court of Human Rights OAS: Organization of American States OSCE: Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe Office of the Special Rapporteur: Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression UN: United Nations UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization viii 1 VIOLENCE AGAINST JOURNALISTS AND MEDIA WORKERS: INTER-AMERICAN STANDARDS AND NATIONAL PRACTICES ON PREVENTION, PROTECTION AND PROSECUTION OF PERPETRATORS I. Introduction 1. The murder of journalists and members of the media is the most extreme form of censorship1. As the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (“Inter-American Court” or “Court”) has observed, “journalism can only be exercised freely when those who carry out this work are not victims of threats or physical, mental or moral attacks or other acts of harassment.”2 Such actions infringe, in a particularly radical way, not only the affected person’s individual freedom of thought and expression, but also the collective dimension of this right. Acts of violence against journalists (term that should be understood broadly, from a functional perspective3) or media workers for reasons connected to their professional 1 IACHR. Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression. Special Study on the Status of Investigations into the Murder of Journalists during for Reasons that may be Related to their Work in Journalism (1995-2005). OEA/Ser.L/V/II.131. Doc. 35. March 8, 2008. Presentation; IACHR. Report No. 37/10. March 17, 2010. Case 12,308. Manoel Leal de Oliveira (Brazil). Para. 97; United Nations. General Assembly. Report of the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Christof Heyns. A/HRC/20/22. April 10, 2012. Para. 21. Available for consultation at: http://ap.ohchr.org/documents/dpage_e.aspx?m=96 2 I/A Court H.R. Case of Vélez Restrepo and Family v. Colombia. Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs. Judgment of September 3, 2012. Series C No. 248. Para. 209. 3 The term “journalists” in this report should be understood from a functional perspective; journalists are those individuals who observe and describe events, document and analyze events, statements, policies, and any propositions that can affect society, with the purpose of systematizing such information and gathering facts and analyses to inform sectors of society or society as a whole. Such a definition of journalists includes all media workers and support staff, as well as community media workers and so-called “citizen journalists” when they momentarily play
Recommended publications
  • SSTONER Masters Thesis FINAL
    Copyright by Spencer Winston Stoner 2013 The Thesis Committee for Spencer Winston Stoner Certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Shooting the Morro: Favela Documentaries and the Politics of Meaning APPROVED BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: Supervisor: Lorraine Leu Joseph Straubhaar Shooting the Morro: Favela Documentaries and the Politics of Meaning by Spencer Winston Stoner, BS Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin May 2013 Dedication To my parents, and to Kendra for going above and beyond in your support. Abstract Shooting the Morro: Favela Documentaries and the Politics of Meaning Spencer Winston Stoner, MA The University of Texas at Austin, 2013 Supervisor: Lorraine Leu To many in the global North, the favelas of Rio de Janeiro are the most visible face of violence and poverty in Brazil. While the favela film genre (and its subset, the favela documentary) has received significant study, there is a gap in understanding how these filmic texts are created as a result of individual production processes. How do decisions made during the course of production translate into imaginaries, representations, and on-screen content? This research locates multiple forms of non- fiction video within the wider context of mediated representations of poverty and violence in favelas, identifying the tools, mechanisms, and specific tactics employed by both favela stakeholders and production personnel in the co-production of these often heavily-mediated images. Utilizing key informant interviews with Rio-based documentary production personnel actively shooting in favelas, this research highlights specific production processes to understand how implicit incentive structures embodied in production shape and influence representations of the favela space.
    [Show full text]
  • Noticia De Inelegibilidade Dilma Roussef
    EXCELENTISSIMO DOUTOR DESEMBARGADOR DO TRIBUNAL REGIONAL ELEITORAL DE MINAS GERAIS. Processo nº: 0602388-25.2018.6.13.0000 DANIELLE DYTZ DA CUNHA, brasileira, divorciada, publicitária, portadora do RG 10.613.249-1 (SSP/RJ), inscrita no CPF/MF sob o nº. 054.691.697-04, filha de Eduardo Cosentino da Cunha e Cristina Dytz da Cunha; domiciliada e residente à Avenida Jornalista Tim Lopes, nº. 255, Bl.09, Ap.603, Barra da Tijuca, cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), CEP 22640-908; candidata ao cargo de Deputada Federal no Rio de Janeiro, vem, respeitosamente, a Vossa Excelência apresentar a presente NOTÍCIA DE INELEGIBILIDADE e requerer a IMPUGNAÇÃO do registro da candidata ao Senado Federal, Sra. Dilma Vana Rousseff, pelas razões expostas. Os fatos trazidos na presente notícia de inelegibilidade são públicos e notórios, tornando-se despicienda a juntada de qualquer prova documental suplementar, como prevê o próprio artigo 23 da Lei complementar 64/1990: “Art. 23. O Tribunal formará sua convicção pela livre apreciação dos fatos públicos e notórios, dos indícios e presunções e prova produzida, atentando para circunstâncias ou fatos, ainda que não indicados ou alegados pelas partes, mas que preservem o interesse público de lisura eleitoral.” A apresentação de notícia de inelegibilidade pode ser realizada por qualquer eleitor, sendo certo que, até mesmo de ofício, pode o Tribunal indeferir o registro de candidatura. A candidata ao Senado Dilma Rousseff está absolutamente inabilitada para concorrer a qualquer cargo eletivo, por força da consequência natural e indissociável da sua condenação por crime de responsabilidade em sessão realizada em 31/08/2016.
    [Show full text]
  • The Trust Factor an EJN Review of Journalism and Self-Regulation
    Ethical EJN Journalism Network The Trust Factor An EJN Review of Journalism and Self-regulation EDITED BY AIDAN WHITE The Trust Factor Published in London by the Ethical Journalism Network © Ethical Journalism Network 11 Vicarage Road, London, E15 4HD United Kingdom No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher. The contents of this book are covered by authors’ rights and the right to use of contributions with the Editor and the authors themselves. Designed by Mary Schrider [email protected] PHOTO CREDITS Page 30: “Amsterdam Airport: Flight MH17 Memorial (Explored)” by Roman Boed (https://flic.kr/p/omR2y3) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Cover: “Reading the newspaper” by James Cridland (https://flic. Page 32: “Private News” by Michael Coghlan (https://flic.kr/p/ kr/p/NpdZw) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 pFJ1ou) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page iv: “The Devil Changes his Clothes by Surian Soosay (https:// Page 34: “NVJ Nacht van de Journalistiek” by Sebastiaan ter Burg flic.kr/p/a1sHKz) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 (https://flic.kr/p/pqzB2G) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page vi: “Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina” by gardnergp (https:// Page 36: “Reading the newspaper” by James Cridland (https://flic. flic.kr/p/4gJESU) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 kr/p/NpdZw) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page 5: “Participants writing on their new blogs” by David Brewer Page 44: “Karachi Street” by Mishari Muqbil (https://flic.kr/p/ (https://flic.kr/p/bBoixK) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 a98TgZ) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page 7: “Kosovo Basic Education Program” by Stephen Luke Page 46: “TEDxKarachi” by Nadir Siddiqui (https://flic.kr/p/8bJFGN) (https://flic.kr/p/fYgBaB) is licensed under CC BY 2.0 is licensed under CC BY 2.0 Page 8: “Riocinha Favela” by David Berkowitz (https://flic.
    [Show full text]
  • Communities, Traffickers and the State: the Transformation of Urban Social Policy in Brazil
    Communities, Traffickers and the State: The Transformation of Urban Social Policy in Brazil By Nicholas Simon Morfit A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology in the Graduate Division Of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Peter Evans, Co-Chair Professor Ann Swidler, Co-Chair Professor Margaret Weir Professor Teresa Caldeira Spring 2013 Abstract Communities, Traffickers and the State: The Transformation of Urban Social Policy in Brazil By Nicholas Simon Morfit Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of California, Berkeley Professor Peter Evans, Co-Chair Professor Ann Swidler, Co-Chair Academic work on Brazil has long underscored the state’s shortcomings. Past scholarship portrayed a state beset by patronage, held captive to elite interests and mired in inefficiencies that impeded the basic practice of governance. The literature on Brazilian urbanism depicted the state as particularly deficient. State interaction with favelas, disadvantaged communities common throughout the country’s cities, demonstrated state-society relations at their most fraught. The state alternatively neglected favelas, failing to extend to them same services and rights that the formal city enjoyed; abused them, destroying communities through violent demolition campaigns, sanctioning police brutality and colluding with drug traffickers; or exploited them for political gain through clientelistic networks. In the wake of democracy’s return to Brazil there are many indications of substantial changes to state capacity. These advances demand a re-evaluation of state-society relations and an interrogation of the continued utility of past theoretical frameworks. Through a case study of Rio de Janeiro, this dissertation explores the ramifications of the re-emergence of state sponsored welfare for disadvantaged urban communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Freedom House
    COUNTRIES AT THE CROSSROADS 2012: BRAZIL DAVID FLEISCHER INTRODUCTION Brazil has been an independent nation since 1822, and a republic governed by a federalist constitution since 1889. Starting in 1930, Getúlio Vargas led a period of considerable autocratic modernization and incipient industrialization. Vargas was toppled by the military in December 1945, and the 1946 Constitution installed a democratic regime. Vargas returned by direct election as president in 1950, but his populist regime ended in August 1954, when he committed suicide rather than again be removed by the military. In 1955, Juscelino Kubitschek was elected president, promising “50 years of progress in 5” with a new intense phase of import-substitution-industrialization and the construction of the new inland capital Brasilia. The 1960s and 1970s were characterized by intense rural-urban migration. In March 1964 the military removed President João Goulart and proceeded to rule Brazil until March 1985. Unlike other military regimes in South America, Brazil held congressional elections every four years and political parties were allowed to operate, though with severe restrictions. After a prolonged 10-year “political transition,” democracy finally returned when, in January 1985, the Electoral College chose Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB) member Tancredo Neves as president. Neves died before taking office and Vice- President José Sarney completed the five-year mandate. During this period, a new constitution was approved in 1988, but rampant inflation inhibited development. On November 15, 1989, the first direct elections for president since 1960 were held and Fernando Collor de Mello of the Party of National Reconstruction (PRN) narrowly defeated the Workers’ Party (PT) candidate.
    [Show full text]
  • Concurso Tim Lopes
    Jornalismo Investigativo Investigativo Jornalismo (Continuação) Inclui Repórter vocacionado para a indignação permanente e para a inovadoras e viáveis, às equipes uma análise investigação sem fronteiras, Tim proponentes são oferecidos recursos de como a mídia Lopes foi brutalmente assassinado financeiros para a execução da idéia em 2002 quando cobria grupos de (viagens, pesquisas e outros custos) Este estudo de caso evidencia o quanto a imprensa é capaz brasileira cobre o tema tráfico e a exploração de menores e orientação técnica especializada de impactar a realidade quando trabalha em condições ideais de idade no Rio de Janeiro, para a – que se expressa em seminários de capacitação sobre o tema que decide investigar e de Rede Globo de Televisão. Invocar tempo para planejar, apurar e editar a informação. presenciais antes de iniciados os seu nome para um concurso de trabalhos de campo e permanente reportagens não foi, para a ANDI e Promovido pela ANDI em parceria com a Childhood Brasil, o apoio virtual durante o processo CONCURSO TIM LOPES para a Childhood Brasil, apenas um de investigação. Concurso Tim Lopes de Jornalismo ajuda a explicar por que a DE INVESTIGAÇÃO JORNALÍSTICA mídia brasileira se destaca – mesmo que com desafios ainda meio de homenageá-lo, mas uma a superar – como uma referência mundial na cobertura da maneira de fazer verdadeira promessa Os resultados concretos exploração e do abuso sexual de crianças e adolescentes. Lopes Tim Concurso de valor: a promessa de buscar e impulsionados pelo concurso – aprimorar estratégias para apoiar como se pode observar neste Relatos dos procedimentos investigativos, questões de ordem um jornalismo de profundidade e de estudo de caso – refletem-se na ética, depoimentos de jornalistas, reflexões de especialistas múltiplos olhares sobre os contextos qualidade das matérias e suas em violência sexual e uma análise quanti-qualitativa da onde se dão as notícias e seus vários conseqüências no campo social.
    [Show full text]
  • Pacificação Do Complexo Do Alemão Em Tempos De Megaeventos Esportivos Na Cidade Do Rio De Janeiro - Brasil
    XIII Coloquio Internacional de Geocrítica El control del espacio y los espacios de control Barcelona, 5-10 de mayo de 2014 PACIFICAÇÃO DO COMPLEXO DO ALEMÃO EM TEMPOS DE MEGAEVENTOS ESPORTIVOS NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO - BRASIL Luiz Antônio de Souza Pereira Professor do Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos – UNIFESO Professor da Universidade Castelo Branco – UCB Doutorando em Geografia na Universidade Federal Fluminense – UFF / Brasil PACifinação do Complexo do Alemão em tempos de megaeventos esportivos na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (Resumo) No final do século XX a cidade do Rio de Janeiro apresentava um quadro de estagnação econômica e elevadas taxas de criminalidade. Com o objetivo de reverter esse cenário alarmante, é introduzido o planejamento estratégico. O poder público lança a cidade na disputa para sediar megaeventos internacionais. A rara convergência política dos três níveis de governo e o lançamento do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento possibilitou a captação de grandes recursos para uma grande, profunda e rápida intervenção espacial no Complexo do Alemão – região mais violenta da cidade e uma espécie de Quartel General (QG) e fortaleza da principal facção criminosa, o Comando Vermelho (CV) – inspirado na experiência realizada na cidade colombiana de Medellín. O trabalho analisa o conteúdo de segurança pública presente nessa intervenção urbanística e a sua relação com a cidade (ou, ao menos a imagem que a cidade pretende projetar). Palavras chave: Megaeventos esportivos, Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento, Complexo do Alemão. PACification of Complexo do Alemão slum while sports mega events are being planed in Rio de Janeiro city (Abstract) In the end of 20th century, the Rio de Janeiro city was in an economic stagnation period and used to present high crime rates.
    [Show full text]
  • Security Policy, Social Networks, and Rio De Janeiro's Favelas Jason Bartholomew Scott Ph.D. Candidate D
    Pacified Inclusion: Security Policy, Social Networks, and Rio de Janeiro’s Favelas Jason Bartholomew Scott Ph.D. Candidate Department of Anthropology University of Colorado-Boulder A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosphy Department of Anthropology 2018 i This thesis entitled Pacified Inclusion: Security Policy, Social Networks, and Rio de Janeiro’s Favelas written by Jason Scott has been approved for the Department of Anthropology at the University of Colorado-Boulder Donna Goldstein Kaifa Roland Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. IRB protocol # 13-0015 ii Scott, Jason Bartholomew (Ph.D., Anthropology) Pacified Inclusion: Security Policy, Social Networks, and Rio de Janeiro’s Favelas Thesis Directed by Professor Donna M. Goldstein Dissertation Abstract This dissertation addresses the connections between everyday violence and digital technology. I describe three years of ethnographic research concerning a community policing program called “pacificação ” (pacification) in a Brazilian favela (shanty town). Alongside supporting a permanent police force that destabilized a powerful drug faction, pacification policy endorsed a wide range of social projects and dramatically reshaped the relationship between the Brazilian State and its marginalized citizens. Among the social projects associated with pacification were a number of “inclusão digital” (digital inclusion) programs that combined technical literacy with critical political literacy in the hope of disrupting exclusionary conditions. During my observations of these programs, I found what I call a hidden politics of digital reproduction.
    [Show full text]
  • PROC. Nº 0845/12 PLL Nº 071/12 EXPOSIÇÃO DE MOTIVOS Arcanjo Antônino Lopes Do Nascimento, Conhecido Como Tim Lopes, N
    PROC. Nº 0845/12 PLL Nº 071/12 EXPOSIÇÃO DE MOTIVOS Arcanjo Antônino Lopes do Nascimento, conhecido como Tim Lopes, nasceu em Pelotas, em 18 de novembro de 1950. Era casado com Alessandra Wagner, com quem teve dois filhos, Bruno e Diogo. Cursou Jornalismo na Faculdade Hélio Alonso, no Rio de Janeiro. Seu primeiro trabalho foi na revista Domingo Ilustrada, do jornalista Samuel Wainer, como contínuo. Quando começou a fazer reportagens na rua, passou a ser chamado Tim Lopes. Segundo amigos, o nome artístico foi dado pelo próprio Samuel Wainer, devido à semelhança com o cantor Tim Maia. Trabalhou, também, no extinto jornal O Repórter, na revista Placar, nos jornais O Globo, Jornal do Brasil e O Dia, no Rio de Janeiro. A partir de 1996, foi repórter e produtor de rede da TV Globo. Conforme amplamente divulgado por todos os meios de comunicação, no dia 2 de junho de 2002, Tim Lopes saiu da sede da TV Globo para fazer a sua última grande reportagem investigativa. Levava uma microcâmera escondida dentro da pochete presa à cintura, para filmar um baile funk na favela da Vila Cruzeiro, uma das doze favelas integrantes do morro conhecido como Complexo do Alemão, no Bairro da Penha, subúrbio do Rio de Janeiro. Ele havia recebido uma denúncia dos moradores daquela favela de que, nos bailes patrocinados por traficantes, havia exploração sexual de jovens e consumo de drogas. Os moradores pediam ajuda. Aquela seria a quarta vez que Tim Lopes subiria à favela para realizar essa reportagem. Nas duas primeiras, fez o reconhecimento de área e, na terceira vez, levou a microcâmera, mas as imagens não foram consideradas boas o suficiente para sustentar a denúncia (ele não tinha imagens do baile), por isso voltou ao local.
    [Show full text]
  • O Assassinato De Tim Lopes
    O ASSASSINATO DE TIM LOPES: A CONSTITUIÇÃO DE UMA CRISE SOCIAL E O REPENSAR DE UMA PROFISSÃO 1 Robson de Paula Doutorando do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais (PPCIS/UERJ) e professor do Curso de História da Universidade Iguaçu (UNIG). RESUMO : A literatura que trabalha com o tema mídia e violência tende a reconhecer o veículo midiático como um multiplicador e ratificador da percepção de medo no público receptor. Neste artigo, através da análise da divulgação do assassinato do jornalista Tim Lopes, procurarei mostrar a complexidade desta equação, descrevendo como a mídia encaminhou, simultaneamente, duas interpretações dos fatos: uma, para o público externo; e a outra para o público interno. PALAVRAS-CHAVE : Jornalismo investigativo. Ética no jornalismo. Drama social . Começar a minha experiência profunda de jornalista. A reportagem policial vai transforma-se para sempre num dos elementos básicos de minha visão de vida. Através dela tive intimidade com a morte (que sempre me apavorou) e nela vi um cadáver pela primeira vez. O jornalismo, daí em diante, passou a ser vital para mim (...) Nelson Rodrigues ( apud ALVES, 2003, p.1). Introdução O material produzido a respeito da morte do jornalista Tim Lopes, ocorrida em 2002, poderia ser fonte de inspiração para Nelson Rodrigues, sobretudo por ter um aspecto trágico e instigante. Possivelmente a partir daí, poderia ser produzida uma crônica ou uma peça de teatro, com um teor crítico e revelador da sociedade brasileira. Com uma linguagem sensacionalista e direta, Nelson Rodrigues foi consagrado por produzir mais textos ficcionais. Porém, existe um aspecto de sua trajetória profissional que muitos desconhecem.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Intelligence Report: Rio De Janeiro , Brazil General
    Allmode Doc 807.01 General Intelligence Report July 2013 Intelligence Report: Rio De Janeiro , Brazil General Overview November 2013 Emma Read – Intelligence Analyst The information and opinions expressed in this report are the views of Allmode maritime section, part of Allmode Limited (“Allmode”) and constitute a judgment as at the Report time and are subject to change without notice. The information and opinions expressed in this Report have been formed in good faith on the basis of the information and intelligence available at the time of writing, but no representation or warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to its accuracy, completeness or correctness. Allmode accepts no liability arising out1 of or in connection with the comments made or the information set out in this report and the reader is advised that any decision taken to act or not to act in reliance on this report is taken solely at the readers own risk. In particular, any comments in this report should not be construed as advice, legal or otherwise. COMMERCIAL - IN – CONFIDENC Allmode Doc 807.01 General Intelligence Report July 2013 Contents A. Geography of Rio De Janeiro………………………………………….pg 3 -5 B. Main Areas of Rio De Janeiro………………………………………….pg 6 C. The Harbour of Rio De Janeiro………………………………………..pg 7 – 9 D. Emergency Services in Rio……………………………………………pg 10 E. Understanding the Brazilian Police…………………………………...pg 11 -12 F. Hospitals in Rio De Janeiro……………………………………………pg 13 G. Getting around Rio De Janeiro………………………………………..pg 14 – 16 H. Local customs in Rio…………………………………………………...pg 16 – 18 I. Rio De Janeiro’s favelas……………………………………………….pg 18 – 20 J.
    [Show full text]
  • 3.. Mass Mediating the Spiritual Battle. Pentecostalismm and the Daily News
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Divine mediations : pentecostalism, politics and mass media in a favela in Rio de Janeiro Oosterbaan, M. Publication date 2006 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Oosterbaan, M. (2006). Divine mediations : pentecostalism, politics and mass media in a favela in Rio de Janeiro. General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:27 Sep 2021 MassMass Mediating the Spiritual Battle 119 3.. Mass Mediating the Spiritual Battle. Pentecostalismm and the Daily News Thee open-air deliverance I described in die introduction featured a number of men who presentedd their emotional testimonies. They were primarily concerned with telling about theirr life of crime and violence before they accepted Christ as their Savior.
    [Show full text]