Downloadable Eco Games Plastic Waste Through Simple the Switch to Sustainable Seafood, Encouraged Children and Their Actions

WILDLIFE RESERVESWILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 1 YEARBOOK 2016-17 WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 3 WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE

Wildlife Reserves Singapore (WRS) is the operating arm of Mandai Park Holdings, and is responsible for Jurong Bird Park, Night Safari, Singapore Zoo and River Safari. WRS is dedicated to the management of world-class leisure attractions that foster conservation and research, while educating guests about animals and their habitats.

A self-funded organisation, WRS also collaborates with various partners, organisations and institutions aimed at CONTENTS protecting local and global biodiversity. Each year, Jurong Bird Park welcomes over 850,000 visitors, Night Safari 1.1million, Singapore Zoo 1.7 million and River Safari 1 million. Message From Chairman and Group CEO...... 4

Vision, Mission, Core Values and Strategic Thrusts...... 6

Organisational Structure...... 8

Board, Committees & Senior Management...... 10

Year In Review...... 14

Seeding Mandai’s Future ...... 16

Creating Exceptional Guest Experiences...... 18

Providing World-Class Animal Care...... 24

Playing A Leading Role in Conserving Biodiversity...... 32

Journey To Sustainability...... 52

Our People...... 56

The Year Ahead...... 60

Financial Highlights...... 62

Sponsors and donors...... 67 WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 5 MESSAGE from Chairman & Group CEO

in our ‘Heart Service’ training including those for the critically WRS has also established a an array of Volunteer Welfare initiative, while we drew up a endangered ploughshare tortoise framework to drive sustainable Organisations (VWOs). During digital transformation roadmap. and northern bald ibis. best practices in a holistic and the reporting period, 4,405 We plan to leverage on technology structured manner. Now all beneficiaries from 95 VWOs visited and connect people in the digital To cement WRS’ commitment in seafood and palm oil procured our parks and many were engaged space to our in-park experiences. providing world-class care for our by our food outlets comes from by our young volunteers, the The transformation will begin living collection, we embarked sustainable sources. The ‘Go Wildlife Buddies. We are pleased with the implementation of a new on our first animal welfare Green for Wildlife’ communication to have contributed to fostering Experience Management Platform accreditation process conducted by platform was launched to reach the community spirit through this to enhance guest experience the Australian Zoos and Aquariums out to park guests and netizens. To programme offering. at various digital touchpoints. Association (ZAA). Additionally, we reduce the consumption of bottled In addition, we adopted GPS reviewed our Animal Welfare Code water, we have installed a number Our team continues to deliver their technology to offer a choice of to ensure that it remains relevant of water dispensers in our parks, best to win industry recognition. eight languages on our trams at in the evolving world of zoo- thanks to the generous support of Singapore Zoo bagged the S Dhanabalan Mike Barclay Night Safari and Singapore Zoo. keeping. The refreshed ethical and Hyflux. AsiaOne People’s Choice Award CHAIRMAN GROUP CEO behavioural framework provides for the Best Local Attraction. In the MANDAI PARK HOLDINGS MANDAI PARK HOLDINGS Animatronic dinosaurs ‘invaded’ guidance and clarity to our staff Our education programmes Excellent Service Awards, a record the Singapore Zoo last October. in carrying out their zoo-keeping continue to grow, engaging total of 109 staff members were The ‘Back To Save The Future duties and making decisions in the some 340,000 school children, honoured, with 14 receiving Star – Zoo-rassic Park’ campaign best interest of their charges. park guests and members of the awards, 14 Gold and 81 Silver. FY2016/17 has been another experiences to our guests for allowed us to drew attention to the public. This would not have been eventful year, marked by generations to come and inspire on-going sixth extinction event. During the reporting year, WRS possible without the efforts of We could not have achieved these milestones that brought us closer them to protect biodiversity. We sought to raise awareness ramped up its support for regional our volunteers who collectively outcomes without the steadfast to achieving our vision to be a that many life forms on Earth conservation and funded 23 spent over 54,000 hours to help us support of all our stakeholders. world-leading wildlife institution. In parallel, our Board has approved are threatened by our actions. projects in various biodiversity inspire people to value and protect We would like to thank our board a ten-year master plan to ensure Through such messaging, we hope hotspots. Besides funding, WRS wildlife. members, committee members, Our plan to refresh the Mandai our existing wildlife parks are to inspire guests to do their part for deepened its engagement in partners, adopters, sponsors, precinct is taking shape. On enhanced and integrated the environment. regional conservation work by With the staunch support of volunteers and friends for their 16 January 2017 Mr S Iswaran, with the new development to sending staff members on-site to the Ministry of Education and tremendous contributions. We Minister for Trade and Industry offer an array of differentiated WRS’ living collection is amongst provide specialist support. the Committee to Promote the would also like to express our (Industry), officiated the ground- wildlife experiences. Indeed, the richest in zoological institutions Chinese Language Learning, we heart-felt gratitude to retiring seeding ceremony, which signalled the upgrading of exhibits and around the world. 22% of the 966 On the home front, the Wildlife launched ‘Wow Wild Learn’, an board member, Ms Cheo the start of development work. For facilities at WRS parks are on- species represented across our Reserves Singapore Conservation immersive programme to motivate Hock Kuan, for her invaluable many Singaporeans, Mandai brings going. The River Safari entrance four parks are threatened, and Fund (WRSCF) supported 16 local pre-schoolers to learn Chinese contribution. We look forward to back fond memories of the time was given a facelift to augment four critically endangered species projects featuring a diverse range with the help of our giant panda the next phase of our journey as spent with their families and friends the sense of arrival and strengthen were added to the collection of taxa. We hosted the Raffles’ ambassadors Jia Jia and Kai Kai. we develop the Mandai precinct to appreciating the wonders of nature the storyline on river ecosystems during the year. Holding such a Banded Langur Conservation ‘Wow Wild Learn’ will now be bring people even closer to nature at Singapore Zoo, Night Safari and and their habitants. With the precious collection brings with it Strategy Planning Workshop, which replicated in the Malay and Tamil and wildlife. River Safari. The rejuvenation of departure of the four koalas from the responsibility to help sustain produced the first Species Action languages. It is our privilege to be Mandai to include a new bird park, Singapore Zoo, the exhibit at the ex-situ population of these Plan to guide and implement a able to support the national drive a rainforest park, a nature-themed Australian Outback was converted species. We collaborated with national conservation strategy for to promote the learning of mother indoor attraction, accommodation into a comfortable home for two zoos from around the world in 31 Singapore’s critically endangered tongue languages. options and public recreational endangered tree kangaroos. managed species programmes, langur. The year also saw WRS spaces will connect people even which are designed to enhance taking the leadership to host To ensure that our parks are closer to nature. For us, it means We also prioritised strengthening genetic diversity for the long-term various specialist workshops and accessible to all segments of the exciting new opportunities to our service culture and our digital survival of the species. This year we facilitate over 70 research projects. society, we offer complimentary deliver exceptional wildlife capabilities. 700 staff participated joined 14 additional programmes, admission to beneficiaries of WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 7 strategic thrusts

Create exceptional guest experiences. • Grow our revenue to sustain our business. • Play a leading role in conserving biodiversity in Singapore and the Region. • Provide world-class care for our living collection. • Apply leading organisation and human resource practices. • Forge A Strong National Love and Pride PAGE 8 WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17

Mandai Park Holdings ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

Mike Barclay Group CEO Mandai Park Holdings

Mandai Park Wildlife Reserves Corporate Services, Development Singapore Mandai Park Holdings

SVP, Human Life Sciences Development Resources

Project Marketing Management Finance

Planning & Estate & Property Information Development Technology

Attractions Park Operations Digital Development & Revenue

Asset Legal & Development Secretariat

Sustainable Strategic Solution Planning

Engagement & Communications WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 11

Board of Directors, MANDAI PARK HOLDINGS (effective 31 March 2017)

CHAIRMAN Mr S DHANABALAN Mr S Dhanabalan is also Chairman of Temasek Trust, the philanthropic arm of Temasek. He serves on the board of GIC. He is a member of the Council of Presidential Advisers as well as the Presidential Council for Minority Rights. Mr Dhanabalan has been the Patron of the Singapore chapter of Habitat for Humanity since September 2003.

DIRECTORS Mr Mike BARCLAY Mr Dilhan Pillay SANDRASEGARA Professor Leo TAN Mr Barclay holds the position of the Group CEO of Mr Sandrasegara is the Head, Enterprise Development Professor Tan is the Chairman of the Garden Mandai Park Holdings. He also serves on the Board Group and Singapore and the Co-head of Americas City Fund, President of the Singapore National of the Changi Airport Group. of Temasek International Pte Ltd. He serves on the Academy of Science, Vice Chair of the Singapore boards of the Singapore Management University, Environmental Council and Chair of the Science Singapore Institute of Legal Education, Changi Sub-Commission of the Singapore National Ms Claire CHIANG Airport Group (Singapore) Pte Ltd, Changi Airports Commission for UNESCO. He also represents Ms Claire Chiang is the co-founder of Banyan Tree International Pte Ltd, Temasek Life Sciences Ventures Singapore as Governor on the Asia-Europe Hotels & Resorts and the chairperson for China Private Limited, Fullerton Financial Holdings Pte Foundation. Business Development. She chairs Banyan Tree Ltd., the National Research Foundation in Singapore, Global Foundation and Wildlife Reserves Singapore Mandai Park Holdings Pte Ltd, Vertex Venture Conservation Fund. She is also the chairperson for Holdings Ltd and Ascendas-Singbridge Pte Ltd. Professor TAN Chorh Chuan National Book Development Council of Singapore. Professor Tan is the President of the National University of Singapore and the Chairman of the Mr SIM Hwee Cher Board of the National University Health System. He Mr FOCK Siew Wah Mr Sim is PricewaterhouseCoopers Singapore’s Vice is also the Deputy Chairman of Singapore’s Agency Mr Fock is the Group Chairman of PSA International Chairman of Operations and the Head of Audit. He for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Pte Ltd. He also serves as Chairman of Pavilion is also a member of the PwC Executive Board for Senior Advisor to the Governing Board of Duke Capital Holdings Pte Ltd. Singapore, China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Mr Sim sits for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); on the Council of the Institute of Singapore Chartered Senior Advisor to the Governing Board of Duke Accountants (ISCA) and is the Honorary General NUS Graduate Medical School; and Member, Mr KEE Teck Koon Secretary of National Council of Social Service and Board of Directors of the Monetary Authority of Mr Kee is the Non-Executive Chairman of Changi Council member of Community Chest. He is also a Singapore. Airports International Pte Ltd, and Alexandra Health Member of the National University of Singapore (NUS) Fund Ltd. He also holds directorship positions School of Accounting Advisory Council. in CapitaLand Ltd, Raffles Medical Group Ltd, Ms NEO Gim Huay NTUC Enterprise Co-operative Ltd, NTUC Income Ms Neo Gim Huay is the Managing Director, Insurance Co-operative Ltd, and Lien Foundation. Mr Lionel YEO Enterprise Development Group and Managing Mr Lionel Yeo is the Chief Executive of the Singapore Director, Sustainability of Temasek International Pte Tourism Board. He currently serves on the board of Ltd. She sits on the Board of Singapore National the Sentosa Development Corporation, and on the Library. Board of Governors of Raffles Institution. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 13

Committee Members Senior Management

Mr Mike Barclay Group Chief Executive Officer & Executive Director, Mandai Park Holdings Animal Welfare and Ethics Committee Dr Cheng Wen-Haur Deputy Chief Executive Officer & Chief Life Sciences Officer Chairman : Prof Leo Tan Ms Belina Lee Chief Corporate Development Officer Secretary : Dr Cheng Wen-Haur Mr Melvin Tan Chief Estate and Property Officer Members : Dr Chew Siang Thai Ms Low Wai Peng Chief Financial Officer Dr Leslie Retnam Mr Marcus Heng Chief Human Resource Officer Dr Tan Hwa Luck Ms Isabel Cheng Chief Marketing Officer Mr Wong Tuan Wah Ms Sherri Lim Chief Park Operations & Revenue Officer Dr Chris R Shepherd Ms Gail Laule Director Animal Presentation Ms Grace Chua Dr Sonja Luz Director Conservation, Research & Veterinary Dr Stephanie Ho Ms May Lok Director Education Mr Cham Tud Yinn Director Exhibit Design Mr Donald Tan Director Facilities Management WRSCF Specialist Panel Mr Steven Wong Director Finance Dr Shawn Lum (Chairman) Mr Steven Tan Director Food & Beverage Dr Geoffrey Davison Mr George Kyaw Director Horticulture Dr Astrid Yeo Ms May Yeo Director Human Resources Dr David Bickford Mr Thomas Chua Director Information Technology Dr Cheng Wen-Haur Ms Daisy Ling Director Jurong Bird Park Dr Leong Tzi Ming Ms Sandy Lee Director Marketing Dr Sonja Luz Mr Clarence Lim Director Park Operations Ms Kelly Chew Director Procurement Ms Ngian Choon Kim Director Retail Ms Jean Choi Director Sales Mr Kumar Pillai Director Special Projects Mr Andrew Chai Director Technical Services Dr Luis Carlos Neves Director Zoology WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 15 YEAR IN REVIEW

■ ■ ■ Mandai ground seeding A world-first partnership Switch to sustainable ceremony officiated by with BlippAR to test- seafood and certified Mr S Iswaran, Minister bed Zoo-rassic Park for segregated sustainable for Trade and Industry the use of deep learning oil for all F&B outlets. (Industry) and Mr S computer vision engine Dhanabalan, Chairman of and augmented reality ■ Mandai Park Holdings. interactive games. Installation of water dispensers at Singapore ■ ■ Zoo to reduce WRS welcomed 4.6 Launch of park icons – consumption of bottled million guests. Canola for River Safari, water and generation of Chawang for Night Safari plastic waste. ■ and Sunny for Jurong Launch of HEART Service Bird Park. ■ to drive the service Launch of Go Green For culture across WRS. ■ Wildlife sustainability Launch of Mandai Express communication platform. ■ bus services to enhance Singapore Zoo bagged connectivity between ■ the AsiaOne People’s Mandai and heartland 10-Year Masterplan for Choice Award for the towns. WRS parks delivered for Best Local Attraction. execution. ■ ■ Launch of multi-language ■ Opening of Australasia trams offering eight Hosted 4,405 at Singapore Zoo to languages to enhance beneficiaries from welcome a pair of guest experience. 95 VWOs. Goodfellow’s tree kangaroos. ■ ■ Animal Welfare Launch of Wow Wild ■ Code refreshed and Learn, with the support River Safari Entrance implemented. of Committee for Gallery upgraded to Promoting Chinese augment a strong sense ■ Language Learning of arrival. The first Species Action (CPCLL), to motivate Plan for the Raffles’ banded pre-schoolers to learn the ■ leaf langur to guide and mother tongue language Dinosaurs came alive implement the national through giant panda at Zoo-rassic Park in conservation strategy for ambassadors Jia Jia and Singapore Zoo. the species. Kai Kai. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 17

SEEDING MANDAI’S FUTURE

For many Singaporeans, Mandai resonates in their hearts with fond memories of the time Right: Planting the first seed to symbolically spent with families and friends appreciating the wonders of nature at Singapore Zoo, Night seed Mandai’s exciting transformation Safari and River Safari. The transformation of Mandai to include a new Bird Park, a Rainforest were (from left) Park, a nature-themed indoor attraction and accommodation options will bring people even Mr Mike Barclay, Group CEO, closer to nature, providing tremendous opportunities to inspire them to protect biodiversity. Mandai Park Holdings,

The ground-seeding ceremony on 16 January 2017 marked the start of development work Mr S Dhanabalan, Chairman, for the rejuvenation of Mandai. A few hundred guests witnessed this milestone and the Mandai Park Holdings, event was officiated by Mr S Iswaran, Minister for Trade and Industry (Industry) and Mr S Mr S Iswaran, Dhanabalan, Chairman of Mandai Park Holdings. 12-year old student Aaliyah Elliot gave a Minister of Trade and Industry heart-warming narration of the special moments spent with her family at the Singapore Zoo, (Industry), Night Safari and River Safari. She also shared her vision of what Mandai will be to her in the Mr Lim Boon Heng, Chairman, years to come, inspiring many guests at the ceremony. Temasek Holdings Pte Ltd Mr Philip Yim, Senior VP, Mandai Park Holdings. Master plan of detailing the transformation of Mandai.

Below: Guests were invited to plant a sapling at the vertical garden, symbolically seeding Mandai’s future as a sustainable, inclusive and integrated nature and wildlife destination for generations to enjoy. CREATING EXCEPTIONAL WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 19 GUEST EXPERIENCES

As one of our key pillars, creating exceptional guest experiences continued to guide WRS along the path to delighting every guest and creating wonderful memories. Exhibits, park facilities and programming are constantly rejuvenated, supported by compelling storylines and content to spark a sense of wonder.

Going back to the basics, tremendous efforts were spent in lending an attentive ear to the voice of our guests through ethnographic research, surveys, focus groups and online discussions. Understanding guest motivations and pain points is crucial to developing orchestrated emotional maps for experience journeys – pre-park, in-park and post-park.

We Serve From The Heart Attractions. This is an increase of is the desired behaviour that 165% over the previous year, and embodies one of WRS’ core a validation that the staff lives out Digital Transformation Additionally, seven online guest experience will be greatly values - Hospitality. To align staff the core value of hospitality. discussions were facilitated with enhanced at the various digital and inspire them to embrace the “Efforts in customer experience users from six different countries to touchpoints (e.g. website, mobile, service culture, the HEART service often serve as the heart and soul of understand motivations to visit as in park displays) at the right time, was launched. It aims to drive digital transformation.” - Brian Solis. well as pain points. at the right place. service behaviours of being Happy, Empathetic, Attentive, Reliable Digital is no longer a luxury but The outcome of the consumer This initiative aims to unfold and Timely. It is targeted not just a necessity. To fully embrace insights research was identification a compelling omni-channel for frontline staff but all at WRS. digital transformation, a team of key guest personas, which were experience over the next few years The HEART Service was established to work with subsequently adopted to develop that not only delivers functional The emphasis on internal guest stakeholders and leverage on the digital consumer journey value and utility, but also deepens To drive the service culture across and external guest service was opportunities presented by map aimed at enhancing guest emotional connections with guests. WRS, the Guest Experience brought to life with the HEART-2- evolving digital technologies. experience from pre-park, in-park Department was transferred from HEART cascade sessions. A total This strategic direction fully to post-park. Personalising Guest Experience the Park Operations & Revenue of 36 two-hour sessions were supports WRS’ mission to inspire Given the diverse guest segments Division to the Human Resources organised to reach out to over 700 biodiversity conservation through Omni-Channel Guest Experience which WRS engages, the need to Division. This reorganisation full-time and regular part-time staff. meaningful and memorable wildlife The omni-channel consumer bring across the right message reflects the importance of the experiences. expects everything to be readily will be key in accelerating the collective efforts of all staff WRS clinched a total of 109 available at his or her convenience. change in behaviour towards To deliver exceptional and caring for biodiversity. Alongside in creating exceptional guest Excellent Service Awards by Understanding Guests experiences. the Association of Singapore Beyond in-park surveys and consistent guest experience, digital the Experience Management guest feedback, WRS conducted technologies play an indispensable Platform, WRS has also embarked role. on revamping its Customer Over 700 full-time and regular part-time staff attended the HEART-2-HEART consumer insights research to better training, which aims to drive desired service behaviours. understand consumers representing Relationship Management platform different market segments, WRS is building the Experience to enhance personalisation of and identify social and digital Management Platform to products and services for guests. opportunities to elevate the guest deliver the omni-channel experiences. guest experience. It is the first Leveraging on the Cloud to foundational platform to be forged scale, Customer Relationship The first-ever ethnographic research as part of the digital transformation Management platform will also with 27 walk-along sessions in the roadmap. This asset is imperative allow WRS to capitalise on machine parks were conducted to observe in governing all guest-facing learning technologies to take guest and study the social interactions content and interfaces, and will experience to a greater height. and behaviour of our guests. be seamlessly integrated with When completed, WRS will be able the existing backend systems. to quickly predict shifts in macro Two focus groups were conducted Through the dynamic delivery operating trends as well as to make with Singapore residents to of contextual and personalised accurate predictions of preferences gain deeper guest insights. content across multiple channels, at an individual level. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 21

good effect, strengthening the than 5,800 unique users with Dinosaurs Came Alive storyline. Guests were invited about 50,000 content interactions. Tamarins and At Zoo-rassic Park to go on the ‘Same Same But With an average user dwell time Marmosets Different’ Trail at Singapore Zoo to of 4.5 minutes, which is higher T. Rex, stegosaurus, triceratops, discover how present day animals than industrial average, this pilot WRS has one of the world’s most spinosaurus and other dinosaurs such as giraffes, rhinos, bats, proved that using innovative ways valuable primate collection, which invaded Zoo-rassic Park at peacocks share similar features to deliver content can help bolster includes 10 species of tamarins Singapore Zoo in November 2016. and behaviours with the relics of education engagement. and marmosets. Two new exhibits Back To Save The Future - Zoo- the past. Continuing the journey next to Fragile Forest Tram Station rassic Park was not just a campaign to River Safari, guests were invited To complete the Zoo-rassic were added, one to house red- that capitalised on the popularity to follow the ‘Extinction Escapees’ experience, special F&B snacks bellied tamarins, and the other, of dinosaurs, instead it drew Trail to meet living fossils such as and beverages with a dinosaur a mix of pygmy marmosets and attention to the fifth extinction the alligator snapping turtle, Indian theme were made available to Goeldi’s monkeys. during which dinosaurs were wiped gharial, giant salamander, etc. delight guests. out and more importantly, the sixth A troop of free-ranging golden- Makaia Nupela extinction which is in progress at An exclusive, world-first headed lion tamarins now greets an alarming rate due to human partnership was forged with guests at Reptile Gardens – being activities. By raising awareness that able to watch the antics of these BlippAR to test-bed Zoo-rassic Playing Matchmaker catastrophic decline in the wild life forms on Earth are in fact in the Park for the use of deep learning population. Matchmaking suitable ‘mini-monkeys’ in an immersive midst of the sixth extinction, WRS computer vision engine and For Tree Roos individuals from participating environment, without any barriers, hopes to inspire urgent actions augmented reality interactive zoos also minimises inbreeding of is truly a treat! Over at River that help to protect biodiversity games. The objective was to After bidding goodbye to the four related individuals and enhances Safari, the jaguarundi exhibit was and the environment. leverage on technology to deliver exceedingly popular koalas, the the genetic pool of the species converted to house a group of richer educational content for vacated habitat was upgraded and under human care. emperor tamarins. To build on the story of extinction guests of all ages. In the four- renamed ‘Australasia’ to welcome and evolution, WRS’ living month trial period, the augmented a pair of endangered Goodfellow’s WRS is pleased to play Tamarins and marmosets are collection was highlighted to reality game engaged with more tree kangaroos. Makaia, a male matchmakers for Nupela and found in the rainforests of South tree kangaroo arrived from Makaia, which were paired up America. These ‘mini monkeys’ are Adelaide Zoo on 4 July 2016 to under the recommendation of threatened, some very severely, pair up with Nupela, another tree GSMP. It is hoped that the pair will by deforestation and the illegal kangaroo from Taronga Zoo. hit off and produce joeys soon to pet trade. By highlighting them add to its species population. to guests, WRS hopes to draw Unlike their ground dwelling attention to the conservation cousins, tree kangaroos are Separately, a male tree kangaroo issues affecting these and many relatively unknown to the world. bred in Singapore Zoo by another other rainforest animals, and Having a chance to admire pair was sent to Zoorasia, Japan inspire guests to take action to the richly coloured, bear-like for breeding too. help protect them. Goodfellow’s tree kangaroos up close never fails to spark a sense of wonderment in guests.

The Goodfellow’s tree kangaroo is threatened by unsustainable hunting and deforestation in Papua New Guinea. In the last 50 years, its population has declined by about 50%. To ensure its survival, WAZA* established a Global Species Management Plan (GSMP) for the species. The plan involves co-ordinated efforts of participating zoos around Golden- the world to keep Goodfellow’s headed tree kangaroos as an assurance Goeldi’s Pygmy Red-bellied lion An exclusive partnership with BlippAR allowed WRS to leverage on the digital population should there be a monkey marmoset tamarin tamarin platform to deliver richer educational content during the Zoo-rassic campaign.

*WAZA – World Association of Zoos and Aquariums WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 23

Stories Alive

Storytelling is a powerful way to stir emotions and convey desired messages, and stories are best told by those who are passionate about the subject. To shape a compelling emotional map for guests at WRS parks, much thoughts were put into stationing keepers and volunteers at key exhibits and strategic locations to unravel the mysteries and wonders of nature to all. Guests can enjoy interaction with the animals as well as their keepers at Elephants of Asia, Rainforest KidzWorld, the new Fragile Forest Discovery Outpost, Pangolins Mandai Express offers direct bus services along Night Safari Leopard Trail, between heartland towns and the three WRS parks in Mandai. just to name a few. Rochelle Ho, Junior Keeper, engaging a guest in Rainforest KidzWorld.

Mandai Express Bus Launch of Mandai Redefining Tram Ride Express Experience

To improve connectivity to WRS One of the most common pain parks, heartland buses were points of overseas guests is the relaunched as Mandai Express. inability to fully comprehend the NEW! Mandai Express (Khatib) Pick-up / Drop off Location Operation Hours Fare Direct bus services are now ply English tram commentary and this Khatib MRT Exit A Daily: 8.30am - 7.20pm $1.00 per passenger Passenger Pick-up Point Weekdays: every 40mins Payment by EZlink/ NETS Weekends & Public Holidays: FlashPay card between Mandai and heartland compromises guest experience every 20mins

Mandai Express (Tampines/Bedok/Sengkang)+ towns including Khatib, Bedok, particularly for Night Safari visit, To Mandai Pick-up Location Operation Hours Fare Sengkang and Tampines. While which is tram-reliant to a large Tampines Ave 4 Bus Stop 8.45am,10.15am Adult: $3.00 Bedok Point Pick Up Point Child: $1.00 the Safari Gate and Singapore extent. With the installation of (3 - 12 yrs old) Sengkang MRT Exit D Bus Stop

From Mandai Attractions Express serve mainly multi-language devices which Drop-off Location Operation Hours Fare Tampines Ave 4 Bus Stop 3.00pm, 5.00pm Adult: $3.00 tourists visiting WRS parks, operate on GPS technology, Bedok Point Pick Up Point 3.15pm, 5.15pm Child: $1.00 (3 - 12 yrs old) Sengkang MRT Exit D Bus Stop 3.30pm, 5.30pm Mandai Express exists chiefly to eight different languages can Sophia Lee, Junior Keeper, sharing fun facts about the At the Breeding and Research Centre, guests get to witness +Service available on weekends, school & public holidays. SCAN TO BOOK Tickets can be purchased online via mandaiexpress.beeline.sg or on board using address the connectivity issue for be delivered simultaneously to often-misunderstood invertebrates at Fragile Forest how bird nannies care for newly-hatched chicks, some are Ezlink/ NETS FlashPay card. Seats will be guaranteed for online bookings. Pick-up location from Mandai is at Singapore Zoo coach bay. Discovery Outpost. among the world’s most endangered species. local residents. enhance guest engagement.

Ahmad Syrarif, Senior Keeper, impressing young guests Claudia Tay, Junior Animal Care Officer, delighting guests The multi-language devices allow guests to select tram commentary in eight different languages, with a molar tooth of an elephant. with an anecdotal account of her charge, a pangolin. greatly enhancing the wildlife experience during the ride. PROVIDING WORLD-CLASS WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 25 ANIMAL CARE

To cement WRS’ commitment in providing world-class care for its living collection, the Life human care, assurance populations Managed Species Programmes @ WRS also provide insights into species Sciences Division embarked on the journey to review the Animal Welfare Code and to obtain biology which are important for Animal Welfare Accreditation from Zoo and Aquarium Association (ZAA). Nutritional care for China Wildlife Conservation Association/ formulating effective conservation the animals was also reviewed and their diets adjusted to mirror, as closely as possible, those China Conservation & Research Centre For Giant Panda measures. in the wild. Training for the Life Sciences team continued to intensify to broaden domain • Giant Panda knowledge, keep abreast with best practices, and to acquire specialised skill sets. All these WRS has had great success in the breeding programme for took WRS yet another step closer to its vision to become a world’s leading wildlife institution. EEP – European Endangered Species Programme • Emperor Tamarin • Fossa • Giant Otter the pygmy hippo and one of the • Goeldi’s Monkey • Palm Cockatoo • Pygmy Hippo female offspring was sent to a zoo • Rhinoceros Hornbill • Sloth Bear • Sri Lankan Leopard in Japan.

Apart from participating in LIVING COLLECTION AT WRS ESB – European Studbook Foundation Our Valuable Living • Bali Starling • Black Howler globally-coordinated efforts Collection TOTAL SPECIMEN • False Gharial • King Bird-of-Paradise through various Managed Species 14,905 • Markhor • Mountain Peacock-pheasant Programmes, WRS continued WRS cares for an immensely • Papuan Hornbill • Red-bellied Tamarin to work with individual zoos on diverse living collection, which is TOTAL SPECIES species exchange programmes 966 amongst the richest in zoological GSMP – Global Species Managed Programme to ensure that the genetic pools institutions around the world. Of THREATENED SPECIES* Non-Threatened • Red Panda • Goodfellow’s Tree Kangaroo of its living collection remains the 966 species across the four 214 752 species robust. In particular, much efforts (22% of total species) parks in WRS, 214 or 22% are ISB – International Studbook Keeper were poured in to strengthen threatened, and four critically • Blue-throated Macaw • Buffon’s Macaw WRS’ primate collection, one of EW–Extinct in the Wild endangered species were added • Giant Anteater • Golden-headed Lion Tamarin the world’s most valuable, by 1 species to the collection during the (Scmitar Horned Oryx) • Golden Lion Tamarin • Ploughshare Tortoise injecting new bloodlines. After a reporting year. Holding such a long wait, a male Celebes crested precious collection comes the CR–Critically Endangered SSMP – Significant Species Managed Programme black macaque arrived from Batu responsibility for WRS to sustain 34 species • Bornean Orangutan • Malayan Tapir Secret Zoo, Indonesia to join the the population of these species EN–Endangered existing female group in Singapore ex-situ (under human care). This is 72 species SSP – Species Survival Programme Zoo. This critically endangered achieved through a Life Sciences • Hooded Pitta • Minadao Bleeding-heart Dove macaque is threatened as a result team who works collectively and VU–Vulnerable of hunting, and every addition tirelessly to care for their charges 107 species to the population, wild or under and to breed threatened species Managed Species Programmes Besancon Museum, France and a human care, is a precious one. * threatened species include animals that are extinct in the wild, critically endangered, for exchange efforts with zoos endangered and vulnerable; classification is based on IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. involve worldwide co-ordinated pair of golden lion tamarins from Another critically endangered globally. efforts to care for assurance Allwetterzoo Munster, Germany. It primate, a female red ruffed lemur populations of threatened is hoped that the new arrivals will was received from Yokohama Zoo, species and to breed them. breed eventually to help boost the Japan. Also adding to the list was The Programmes make genetic diversity of their species. the import of two endangered recommendations for specific black handed spider monkeys from Saving Species At The Ploughshare individuals to be exchanged Four female markhors (the largest tortoise Bazel Zoo, Switzerland. Global Level among participating zoos for of the wild goats) from Helsinki breeding in order to enhance Zoo arrived to join the existing Building on previous years’ Collaboration with zoos around species genetic diversity. WRS’ herd in Night Safari. The expanded efforts in turtle conservation, WRS the world to enhance genetic increased participation reflects herd serves as an assurance expanded its role as the holder diversity and protected severely its commitment to play a greater population for the markhor, which of assurance colonies for severely threatened species gained depth role in wildlife conservation at the is endangered because of trophy threatened turtles and added and breadth as the number of global level, and the number of hunting and competition from 25 endangered Burmese roofed Managed Species grew to 31, with Managed Species Programmes is livestock for food and space. turtles to its collection. WRS is the 14 additional species such as the set to increase further. Zoos and conservation institutions only wildlife institution, outside the critically endangered ploughshare keep assurance populations so turtle’s native range, to house the tortoise and northern bald ibis, the Based on the recommendations that threatened species can still species. It, therefore, shoulders endangered Malayan tapir, false from the Managed Species strive under human care while the heavy responsibility in helping Northern gharials and more (please refer to bald ibis Programmes, WRS received a the threats they face in the wild to ensure the survival of this listing for details). male siamang from La Citadelle de are being mitigated. While under endangered animal. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 27

Babies Big And Small reporting period, 16 primate births Herculina, a female cheetah gave Nine painted terrapins and two At River Safari, two manatee calves, Apart from successes in breeding further expanded the collection, birth to a litter of three cheetahs. Southern river terrapins were a male and a female, joined the songbirds, the world’s first WRS received a jumbo bundle of creating added opportunities for Unfortunately, being a first-time hatched, strengthening the herd in Amazon Flooded Forest. documented breeding of the long- joy, 149kg to be exact, on 12 May exchange programmes with other mother, she failed to raise her assurance colonies of these tailed mockingbird under human 2016. Sri Nandong, one of the zoological institutions to facilitate cubs. The Animal Care team species under WRS’ care. Over 380 birds were hatched care was achieved. The critically female elephants in Night Safari, ex-situ species conservation. stepped in and managed to hand- in Jurong Bird Park. Aligned endangered Bali myna and grey- gave birth to a female calf, which Most noteworthy were the birth of raise one cub, named ‘Deka’. A Invertebrates though spineless with Jurong Bird Park’s focus on rumped myna produced chicks to was subsequently named Neha – three baby proboscis monkeys. A lion cub was born, adding to the are not insignificant. In fact, threatened songbird conservation, add to their declining populations. meaning ‘love’ in Hindi. This was fastidious leaf-eater, the proboscis list of carnivore births. invertebrates represent 95% greater resources were directed The Mindanao bleeding-heart WRS’ first elephant birth without monkey has been a challenge for of all species on Earth. To to develop breeding programmes dove also bred, enabling Jurong any human intervention. most zoos to care for. Singapore A Goodfellow’s tree kangaroo joey educate guests on the important for songbirds. First-time breeding Bird Park to continue to contribute Zoo is home to 11 proboscis was a valuable addition to the roles these creatures play, the success was achieved for greater to its conservation through the The primate collection at WRS monkeys and the only institution globally managed programme for invertebrate collection in Fragile leafbird, fairy bluebird, green Species Survival Programme. After is amongst the most diverse in in the world, outside the monkey’s threatened species. Forest was expanded. First-time honeycreeper and coleto. A total a two-year break, the blue-eye the world. By providing excellent native range in Borneo, to hold success in breeding the dead-leaf of 23 coleto chicks were hatched cockatoo started to breed again animal care and conducive such a large colony. The ability to The year saw great success in mantis and water scorpion was and Jurong Bird Park now has the – a significant event since as this environments, WRS has succeeded breed this endangered monkey is breeding two species of critically recorded. largest population of this species species is rarely kept under human in breeding many severely testimony to the high standards of endangered freshwater turtles. under human care, outside its care and it faces severe threats in threatened primates. During the animal care provided. native range in the Philippines. the wild.

Elephant calf Cheetah cub Honeycreeper – Neha – Deka

Proboscis monkey

Manatee

Tree kangaroo Painted terrapin WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 29

social behaviours. The new low- egg-based diet instead a meat- Operant Conditioning Refreshed Animal sugar diet will help to prevent the based diet previously. The new Welfare Code & ZAA orangutans and chimpanzees from diet is more calorific, and desired For Stress-Free Routine Accreditation developing diabetes. weight gain has been observed in and Medical Checks the pangolins. In line with WRS’ desire to provide A switch to a high fibre diet was Successful operant conditioning world-class animal care for its living also implemented for the baboons. The diets for the sun bears and facilitates stress-free routine collection, the Animal Welfare Their body and coat conditions black bears were changed to checks, transfers, and basic Code was reviewed and updated have improved significantly with reflect the difference in their veterinary examinations and to ensure that it remains relevant the change. feeding ecology in the wild. An procedures. Impressive progress in the evolving world of zoo- insectivorous diet with ant eggs, has been made in this area of keeping. This refreshed ethical and Inuka’s diet was adjusted as part of silkworm larvae, meat and plants animal care, achieved through the behavioural framework provides his geriatric care programme. The is provided for the sun bears, and perseverance of the keepers and guidance and clarity to WRS staff quantity of food is also reduced on an omnivorous diet for the black other Life Sciences team members. An orangutan presenting its finger for blood draw to monitor blood sugar level. in carrying out their zoo-keeping days when he does not swim. This bears. Their overall condition has duties and making decisions, in the helps to prevent unwanted gain improved and the new diets will All the giraffes at WRS have best interest of their charges. weight, especially with his age- hopefully also help to prevent been successfully conditioned for to meet his special needs as a related slow metabolism. common tooth problems. weight taking. Dobeni, a female geriatric animal. The sun bears External validation through The pangolins now enjoy an ant Rothschild’s giraffe at Night and Asiatic black bears have been accreditation is important to Safari responses consistently well conditioned for oral inspection ensure that standards are met to training for voluntary blood to monitor teeth problems for and sustained. WRS embarked Malayan Sun Bear draws. These are noteworthy preventive care. on its first accreditation process achievements as giraffes are known on animal welfare by Zoos and to be challenging to condition. Building upon the learning and Aquariums Association (ZAA) in success in performing voluntary Janurary 2017. This important Other herbivore species such as blood draws for tigers, the event marked a milestone for the bongos and Malayan tapirs Carnivore keepers have begun WRS and signalled its strong have also been undergoing similar medical training for Through operant conditioning, commitment in advancing animal medical operant conditioning, and cheetahs and leopards. The Indian keepers are able to check the teeth welfare to the highest standards. many of them can now receive wolves responded well to medical and oral cavity of orangutans. Review is on-going and WRS injectable medicines with minimal operant conditioning and they looks forward to obtaining the stress. are able to receive their yearly their head out of water for buccal accreditation in the later part of vaccines with minimal stress. swab. The females have also been 2017. The kangaroos and wallabies trained successfully to present have been successfully trained Following a switch to a low sugar, their belly for ultrasound scanning for weight taking and pouch high fibre diets for the orangutans to detect and monitor pregnancy. Diets Reviewed inspection for joeys. and chimpanzees, blood sugar of these primates are being Adding to the list of animals A major review on animal diets With operant conditioning, monitored as part of the evaluation that have been successfully was carried out and changes were keepers are able to perform foot of the diet change. A few of the conditioned are the freshwater made to replicate, as closely as care routine for female elephants orangutans and chimpanzees stingrays and white spotted possible, the natural diets. Komali, Intan and Aprila, under have been successfully trained for bamboo sharks – another protected contact condition. voluntary blood draw for blood remarkable achievement for WRS Significant changes were made Intan has also been conditioned sugar readings. With conditioning, as operant conditioning for fish to the diets for orangutans and for voluntary blood draw. Over at weight taking and transfers for is an entire new challenge for the chimpanzees with the reduction Night Safari, baby elephant Neha tamarins and marmosets can now River Safari team. The aquarists are of fruits to a lower-sugar, higher- shows extremely encouraging be carried out with minimal stress able to recall the female freshwater fibre diet. The primates reacted progress since she started operant to the animals. stingray into the holding tank positively to the change – they conditioning at six months old. consistently while the male still are observed to be more active, Operant conditioning for the requires more training. One of the and display abnormal behaviour Inuka, the polar bear, continued manatees continued to show three bamboo sharks in Touch Pool such as regurgitation and re- to undergo operant conditioning, excellent progress. They are now is now able to swim into a transfer ingestion less frequently. There which allows keepers to monitor able to present their flippers for container voluntarily, minimising Sunda Pangolin is also a reduction in negative his health and respond accordingly voluntary blood draw and lift stress during transfers. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 31

seeds and ant eggs are scattered Keeping Boredom in the exhibits or the yards to Veterinary Highlights Cholecystectomy For Tusk Trimming At Bay encourage the animals to forage Rattlesnake Female elephant, Jati fractured as they would in the wild. Meat In January 2017, cholecystectomy her left tush (incisor tooth, the Black and White Baby Apart from operant conditioning, is hidden in boxes, wrapped in (gall bladder removal) was equivalent of a tusk in male the Life Sciences team spends cloth or hung in trees to provide In The Making On 30th March 2017, female giant performed on a female Western elephants) while having a mild a good portion of their time opportunities for the carnivores to panda, Jia Jia came into peak diamondback rattlesnake. Swelling tussle with another female designing, implementing and ‘hunt’ for their meals. oestrus. To encourage natural was observed on her abdomen elephant. The sharp edges of evaluating enrichment activities for breeding, male giant panda Kai and investigation reviewed a the fractured tooth cut into the WRS’ living collection. Enrichment Feeding boxes and rattan boxes Kai was mixed with her. However, grossly enlarged gall bladder, soft tissue of her mouth, resulting activities, often mimicking are stuffed with hay, grass and Keepers wrap meat in hessian cloth he was too boisterous and Jia resulting from a bacterial infection. in an infection. In December situations in the wild, engage the leaves to make the herbivores packages for our big cats to explore and tear open. Jia became afraid and ran off. As The condition caused blockage 2016, Jati was anaesthetised for animals mentally and physically. work harder for their food rewards. the pair failed to mate, artificial to the bile duct and prevented treatment of her broken tooth. Food-based enrichment activities Technology comes in handy insemination had to be carried bile from flowing normally. After Loose fragments of the tooth are most commonly used but the too – through the use of an out. By 7.30pm that evening, Kai the removal of the infected gall were removed and the remaining team tries as far as possible to App, elephant keepers are able Kai was anaesthetised for fresh bladder, the snake was placed on portion filed down. The procedure involve other elements such as to control remotely the timing semen collection. Two hours later, antibiotics and supportive care for went well and Jati woke up from housing appropriate social groups and quantity of feed dispensed Jia Jia was anaesthetised for two weeks. She recovered well. anaesthesia smoothly. and introducing new objects, from the two newly installed insemination with a combination sounds or scents. FeedPods (auto feeders) in the Specialist Support For Dental elephant stable. This has helped to of fresh and frozen semen. Jia Jia and Kai Kai recovered from Extraction The guiding principle for food- drastically reduce the stereotyping anaesthesia uneventfully after their Apart from providing veterinary based enrichment activities is to behaviour of the elephants in procedures. Fingers crossed as care for the living collection, vary the diet, food presentation Night Safari. Kai Kai sniffs the plastic balls everyone waited in anticipation of WRS also responded to the and feeding intervals. Pellets, for hidden treats. the good news. Meanwhile, the Borneo Rhino Alliance’s call for vets and keepers watched over specialist support in the dental Jia Jia closely and monitored her extraction of a Sumatran rhino, Puntung. Dr Abraham Mathew, Keepers make ice blocks packed hormonal levels daily. with bananas and apples so that Senior Veterinarian and Clara Yeo, our elephants have to work hard Veterinary Nurse travelled to Tabin to get to the yummy treats. Wildlife Reserve, Sabah where Borneo Rhino Alliance cares for the last three surviving Sumatran rhinos in Malaysia. They worked with a team of veterinarians and assisted in the administration of anaesthesia Cataract Surgery for Orangutan during the complex extraction In February 2017, a geriatric procedure. There are fewer than 60-year-old male Bornean 100 Sumatran rhinos left in the orangutan, Jo Jo was world and every effort, no matter anaesthetised for a health check how small, is important to help and cataract surgery on his right save the species from extinction. eye. He had been blind in his left eye for many years due to corneal scaring. The surgery was successful and with a clear vision, Jo Jo’s quality of life has improved greatly. The life span of an orang utan is between 35 and 45 years - Jo Jo is amongst the oldest orang utans in the world, under human care. As a geriatric animal, Jo Jo receives special care in housing and a modified diet to ensure that he ages comfortably. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 33

PLAYING A LEADING ROLE IN CONSERVING BIODIVERSITY Support for regional projects

During the reporting year, WRS ramped up its support for regional conservation and funded 23 The year saw WRS directing most of its resources, financially as well as in specialist skills, to support the regional projects that it has funded in previous years. This is to build upon past learnings and achievements to enhance projects in various biodiversity hotspots. Besides funding, WRS deepened its engagement in sustainability and success of the projects. Already, some have made good progress, promising rays of hope in regional conservation works by sending staff members on-site to provide specialist support. conserving some of the region’s severely threatened biodiverse hotspots and the wildlife that are found there.

On the home front, Wildlife Reserves Singapore Conservation Fund (WRSCF) supported 16 local projects featuring diverse taxa. The year also saw WRS taking the leadership to facilitate over 70 research projects and host various specialist workshops.

NEPAL CHINA Otter Giant Panda

MYANMAR Big-headed turtle

LAO PDR Saola

THAILAND King Cobra VIETNAM Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey CAMBODIA Sun Bear & River Terrapin

PALAWAN Palawan Forest Turtle & Philippine Cockatoo

MALAYSIA Malayan Tiger

SUMATRA Sumatran Orang Utan BORNEO Slow Loris

SUMATRA Sumatran Elephant

SULAWESI Sulawesi Crested Black Macaque

BALI JAVA JAVA Bali Starling & ROTI ISLAND Black-winged Myna Javan Grey-rumped Roti Island Snake- & Javan Green Magpie Gibbon Myna necked Turtle WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 35

MALAYSIA THAILAND VIETNAM CAMBODIA LAOS

Citizen Action for Tigers (CAT) Conserving the king cobra in Conserving the Tonkin snub- Conservation of the southern Preventing health issues in Protecting the saola in Lao PDR by Malaysian Conservation rural Northeast Thailand nosed monkey in Khau Ca river terrapin in Cambodia captive bears using nutritional by IUCN SSC Saola Working Alliance for Tigers (MYCAT) by Sakaeret Conservation and Forest, Northeast Vietnam by management by Free the Bears Group and Global Wildlife Snake Education Team (SCSET), primatologist Le Khac Quyet Conservation Suranaree University of Technology

The southern river terrapin is one MYCAT initiated the reforestation of the rarest turtles in the world. Sun bear populations have programme named ‘Rewildling Yu’ In supporting the project It was presumed to be extinct in decreased by more than 30% The saola is endemic to the by planting saplings bought from for five years running, WRS’ Cambodia until the re-discovery mainly due to habitat loss, Annamite Mountains of Lao PDR local nurseries. Its aim is to restore 2016 marked the third year of funding enabled primatologist of a small population along Sre fragmentation and the illegal and Vietnam with fewer than 250 the severely degraded forest at WRS’ support, with more funds Le Khac Quyet and his team to Ambel River. WRS supports the wildlife trade. Rescued sun bears individuals in the wild. This hoofed Sungai Yu watershed, which is provided to study how king continue monitoring the critically efforts of the WCS field team to are housed in wildlife sanctuaries animal has little value in the also the habitat of the Malayan cobras use human-dominated endangered snub-nosed monkey restore the terrapin’s population and rehabilitation centres but wildlife trade but is often caught in tiger. WRS’ support ensured areas. Local outreach efforts in population in its Khau Ca forest in its natural habitat. In a leap keeping these bears is a challenge snares intended for wild boars and that volunteers are able to assist the form of university internship habitat. The data generated from forward, 25 sub-adult turtles have due to ineffective captive diets. deer. WRS’ timely financial support forest rangers in monitoring the programmes, educational the research have been invaluable been planned for release in April Dr Francis Cabana, Wildlife ensured smooth operations for Sungai Yu River Wildlife Corridor seminars and non-lethal snake in addressing the lack of scientific 2017. A monitoring survey on a Nutritionist from WRS, helped Xe Sap patrolling teams who help through the CAT walk programme. removal workshops continue to information on this species. The group released in 2015 revealed ‘Free The Bears’ team to develop a collect snares and arrest poachers. Three WRS keepers from the strengthen relationships with local involvement of local researchers that more than 85% of the turtles suitable diet for the bears. Studies In 2016, more than 58 poacher Carnivore Section also participated communities and improve public ensured better participation of survived. Studies and outreach are ongoing to monitor the bears’ camps were destroyed and 1,758 in MYCAT’s Realm of the Tiger perception of king cobras. The the local community in monitoring efforts to increase protection of the transition to the new diet. snares were removed at Xe Sap programme, which serves as an team’s work was featured in the illegal human activities and turtles’ habitats are ongoing. National Protected Area. WRS inspiration for the keepers when BBC 2 series ‘Thailand: Earth’s protecting the monkeys. provided further support to the they share anecdotes with WRS Tropical Paradise’. The series also saola working group to coordinate guests. showed WRS’ deputy head keeper, and plan conservation efforts. Jose Pedro participating in a king cobra rescue at the reserve. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 37

Conserving the Roti Island Community outreach, breeding to reach out to their respective snake-necked turtle by Wildlife and conservation of the critically communities. A total of 2,850 Conservation Society (WCS) endangered Bali starling and students and 68 teachers were grey-rumped myna by Begawan recruited in 2016. A Sunday school Foundation syllabus called the ‘Green Gospel pilot project’ was also developed and conducted during the reporting period.

WRS set up an assurance colony INDONESIA of Roti Island snake-necked turtles Protecting Sumatran elephant in the Singapore Zoo in support As part of its holistic approach habitats and mitigating human- Conserving Javan gibbon Mitigating human-orangutan Conserving the Bornean of WCS’ plan to establish a viable to conserving the critically elephant conflict in Way Kambas habitats and promoting shade- conflict in Sumatra by Orangutan slow loris through rescue wild population of this critically endangered Bali starling and National Park by Community for grown coffee in Java by Coffee Information Centre (OIC) and rehabilitation by Yayasan endangered turtle species through grey–rumped myna, the Begawan Sumatran Nature Conservation & Primate Conservation Project International Animal Rescue reintroduction on Roti Island. Foundation sought to educate (KHS) Team (CPCP) Indonesia (YIARI) Additional support from WRS has and win over different community also enabled the team to conduct groups including adult hobbyists intensive population and habitat who collect songbirds, youths who suitability surveys at lakes where the enjoy hunting birds. Support from turtles were historically reported. WRS had enabled the team to Zookeepers from the WRS organize local outreach activities The Human Orangutan Conflict Reptile section shared extensive and initiate a training programme Response Unit (HOCRU) is the knowledge on captive husbandry for bird lovers in 2017. Funds Many Sumatran elephant Shade-grown coffee trees thrive flagship unit of the Orangutan WRS supports YIARI in its work as and breeding protocols with the from WRS were also channeled to populations face conflicts with under forest canopies. The forests Information Centre (OIC). This the first rescue and rehabilitation WCS’ turtle team. facilities maintenance and care of humans as their habitats are remain intact while the coffee unit provides direct, immediate facility for slow lorises in the birds at the Sibang centre. converted into human settlements provides a source of income for help to orangutans through Indonesia. As part of the team’s and agricultural areas. Elephant local farmers. With the support rescue efforts in human-orangutan systematic reintroduction project Response Units (ERU) conduct from WRS since 2015, the project conflict areas. The team also trains for Bornean slow lorises, WRS Preserving critically endangered regular patrols and monitor team is able to continually engage local communities to humanely Wildlife Nutritionist, Dr. Francis Indonesian birds with adequate Building local capacity to activities in Way Kambas National the village chiefs and farmers in protect crops from orangutan Cabana provided his expertise in breeding facilities by Cikananga save the critically endangered Park (WKNP) to prevent and Sokokembang village to produce raids. The veterinarian internship implementing a new diet for the Conservation Breeding Centre Sulawesi crested black macaque mitigate conflict cases. WRS shade-grown coffee and improve programme was introduced in slow lorises in YIARI’s rescue centre. (CCBC) in North Sulawesi by Yayasan supports the Tegal Yoso Elephant on the quality of the final product. 2016 to provide young Indonesian This aided the reintroduction of Selamatkan Yaki Indonesia (SY) Response Unit (ERU), which is one WRS now serves the shade-grown veterinarians frontline training in 17 slow lorises in Gunung Tarek of the three Response Units in the coffee, branded Owa Coffee, at rescue operations. A total of 19 between April 2016 and March National Park. Besides preventing selected F&B outlets. orangutans were rescued between 2017. Post-monitoring surveys and mitigating elephant-human April and December 2016. The on the released slow lorises are conflicts, Tegal Yoso ERU also Preliminary studies on the team also supported the Nature ongoing. The team has also serves an information and nature pollination of shade-grown coffee Conservation Agency (BKSDA) initiated a database of wild loris conservation learning centre. Since have also shed light on the of Aceh and North Sumatra in food sources with the aim of WRS sponsored the construction the start of the project in 2011, varieties of bees and their hiving rescuing other wildlife including creating digital references in the of a new facility block in support of WRS continued to support occurrences of wild elephants patterns in the Javan gibbon’s gibbons, slow lorises, siamangs future. the CCBC’s breeding programme the SY team’s Education and reaching farmlands have been forest home. This provides the and Sumatran elephants. for the black-winged myna and Awareness Raising Strategy (EARS) reduced by over 70% and loss of possibility of including sustainable the Javan green magpie. The Education Project that aims to crops has reduced by more than harvesting of honey as another Apart from continued funding, new facility includes larger CCTV- provide the local community 90%. avenue of forest-friendly income WRS deepened its engagement equipped breeding cages with with the knowledge and capacity for the locals. Community outreach in the project by sending Head natural landscape, along with to foster behaviour change for efforts such as conducting Kopi Keeper Kumaran to work with specific improvements to increase macaque conservation. Junior Owa Eco-Tours and developing a HOCRU in its rescue operation for security for the rare birds. These high school students and religious Primate Pocket Guide App are also orangutans. contributions strengthen the CCBC leaders were trained under the in the works. team’s breeding efforts. Local Ambassador Programme WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 39

MYANMAR THE PHILIPPINES Other Projects

Rescue operation of confiscated Conservation of the Palawan Citizen science and conservation The role of modern genomic Publication support for ‘Gajah’ Combating wildlife trade big headed turtles forest turtle through ex-situ education for the Philippine approaches in combating bird by Asian Elephant Specialist by TRAFFIC Southeast Asia and in-situ measures by Katala cockatoo and its habitat By extinctions in Southeast Asia Group (TSEA) Foundation Inc Katala Foundation Inc by Frank Rheindt, National University of Singapore Asian elephants are poorly Southeast Asia’s rich biodiversity studied compared to their African is under severe threat because of counterpart due to their cryptic rampant illegal and unsustainable nature, poor visibility in their forest wildlife trade. As a result, over habitat and active avoidance of 160 animal species in the region In November 2016, some 800 humans. Thus, there is an urgent have been assessed as ‘Critically endangered big-headed turtles need to build scientific capacity Endangered’ by the IUCN Red were confiscated from a pet trader WRS-funded research indicated As part of the project’s goal to in their range countries through List of Threatened Species. in Myanmar. The turtles were in that the critically endangered protect the Philippine cockatoo publishing data from relevant WRS recognizes that the need extremely poor state of health Palawan forest turtle loses fertility and its Rasa Island habitat, the studies, management experiences to combat wildlife trade in the and the mortality rate was high. under human care if environmental Katala Foundation organised and field observations. Funding region is more urgent more ever. Urgent specialist and veterinary conditions are not sufficiently educational field excursions for support from WRS covered all fees Funds provided by WRS were care was needed to save them. replicated its natural habitat. WRS the locals of Narra to Rasa and the for printing and postage of Gajah directing to conducting research, WRS responded swiftly by sending Director of Conservation and Katala Institute (KI). WRS’ support Many Asian songbirds are publications to its subscribers. monitoring and analysing work a veterinarian and a herpetologist Research, Dr. Sonja Luz made provided bird-watching equipment threatened due to the illegal WRS staff also contributed to on threats with a special focus to Myanmar to work with Turtle recommendations to improve the that were essential for the team’s wildlife trade. To help the Gajah by working with authors on on otters, Indonesian songbirds, Survival Alliance (TSA) Myanmar Katala Foundation’s enclosure outreach efforts. population of these birds to articles and reviewing manuscripts helmeted hornbills, freshwater and Wildlife Conservation design. These changes will recover, knowledge on genetic submitted to the peer review turtles and tortoises. The funds Society (WCS) team in the hopefully enhance the captive lineages is important. During the section. were also used to attend relevant rescue operation. Thanks to the turtles’ fertility. WRS also provided Songbird Crisis Summit held in conferences and meetings, at collaborative efforts and hard work funding, specialist assistance For more information on our Jurong Bird Park in 2016, four which TSEA presented on project of the teams, about 100 turtles on-site with the rehabilitation regional projects, please visit: bird species were identified for outputs or recommendations. The were nursed back to health, for and release of 3,379 rescued http://conservation.wrs.com.sg/ urgent protection – the hill myna, IUCN Species Survival TSEA-WRS partnership, and the future release back to the wild. turtles, between June 2015 and regional/regional.html. oriental white-eye, black-winged Commission Chair’s Office; ‘You Buy, They Die’ campaign were December 2016. myna and Asian pied starling. core support by Dr. Simon promoted at every opportunity. Besides funding for crucial Stuart, IUCN SSC equipment to carry out genomics WRS Conservation and Research studies, WRS also supported the WRS funds the SSC Chair’s Office Officer, Paige Lee and TSEA staff initiative by making available fresh and other members of the funding Oi Ching also conducted a joint tissue samples from the birds consortium for the SSC Chair’s survey of the sale of elephant at Jurong Bird Park (JBP). JBP Office. This allows the SSC Chair to and mammoth ivory, nautilus and also collaborated with partner remain as a full-time position when dugong in Bali in August 2016. institutions such as Bali Bird Park greatly enhanced conservation The resulting paper was published and Cikananga Wildlife Centre on action is needed to combat critical in the Raffles Bulletin. sampling captive birds. Analysis loss of biodiversity. and further studies are ongoing. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 41

Local Field Projects Supported By Wildlife Reserves Conservation Fund (WRSCF)

WRSCF was set up with the clear mission to protect wildlife and its habitats through education and public outreach, the breeding of endangered animals and conducting research and field conservation projects. Each project is selected for funding based on its ability to make pragmatic, substantial and long-lasting contributions to local biodiversity conservation.

Conservation of the Raffles’ and compatibility of the banded The Species Action Plan for the banded langur in Singapore leaf monkeys locally and those in Raffles’ banded langur detailed by Andie Ang Johor. This project will also form immediate priorities which include: the basis to develop a national Photo: James Chua conservation action plan to • Habitat enhancement by manage and ensure the long-term establishing green corridors survival of a critically endangered and planting food plants based Conserving The Raffles’ Banded Langur species in Singapore. on dietary requirements of the – A Perspective From Dr Andie Ang Raffles’ banded langur. In addition to providing funds through WRSCF, WRS also hosted • Studies to establish taxonomy, collecting their faeces. Andie extinct in Singapore. It took her The Raffles’ banded langur the Raffles’ Banded Langur distribution and population size explains faeces contain tons of two months of grueling daily (leaf monkey) was on the verge Conservation Strategy Planning of the langur. valuable information about the trips to the forest before she of extinction in Singapore in Workshop in August 2016. The langurs. She has been able to finally caught the first sight of the 1990s, with only about 20 workshop, facilitated by IUCN • Establishment of a Raffles’ identify at least 60 plants that the langurs. individuals left in the Central SSC Primate Specialist Group, was Banded Langur Working Group. the langurs eat from studying Catchment Nature Reserve. Today, well attended by 31 skateholders, The group would be chaired by the faecal samples. Studying Photo: Photo: James Chua James Chua its population has approximately representing 15 organisations Dr Andie Ang. WRSCF is funding the samples has also revealed a doubled but shows low genetic including NParks, Department the implementation of the action surprising find – the langurs are variability. To improve genetic of Wildlife and National Parks plan, including engagement of Every day for nearly 10 years, most likely inbreeding. variability, translocation of Peninsular Malaysia, NGOs and Dr Ang, in the next two years. primatologist Dr Andie Ang individuals from genetically universities. The two-day workshop wakes up at the crack of dawn Due to their small population size, compatible populations in Johor, produced the first Species Action to venture into the Central the langurs usually end up mating Dr Ang also records roadkill. Malaysia may be considered. Plan to guide and implement the Catchment Nature Reserve in with related individuals and this The information is useful to the authority for implementation of However, before translocation can national conservation strategy search of the elusive Raffles’ may result in birth defects and a Please visit www.cpsg.org/ preventive measures. be carried out, in-depth research for the langur. The strategy was banded langur. shorter lifespan. Andie said, “we content/species-action-plan- is needed. Fieldwork should launched on 12 August 2016 with have to track the development conservation-raffles-banded- provide insights into the feasibility Ambassador-at-Large Professor Andie is one of the few of infants to see if they survive langur-2016 for details of the till adulthood or if there’re any of the translocation and assess Tommy Koh as the patron of the Species Action Plan. local researchers who have risks such as disease introduction initiative. dedicated their life to wildlife deformities… like a missing limb conservation. Funded by the or finger.” Photo: Wildlife Reserves Singapore Andie Ang Conservation Fund (WRSCF), Collecting information on the her work involves surveying banded langurs was no easy There are only about 40 Raffles’ banded langurs left in Singapore. local forests to record langur feat. When the project started, not much was known about the These primates will disappear in population sizes, observing our lifetime unless we take urgent their natural behaviours and species. People thought they were actions to save them. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 43

Herbivorous fish on urbanised Territories and multi-nest An ecological and genomic Biology and movement patterns coral reefs in Singapore by structure of colonies of the giant conservation assessment of of bamboo sharks in Singapore Andrew Bauman ant in Singapore by Christian selected species threatened by by Neil Hutchinson An Extraordinary Journey for Peeters the songbird trade in Singapore Coral reefs worldwide are by Frank Rheindt While bamboo sharks are some Kai and Junior increasingly degraded because Giant ant (Camponotus gigas) of the most commonly observed On 8 August 2016, two male manatees Kai and Junior made of climate change and pollution. colonies feature one queen ant This study aims to provide species by recreational fishers and a 35-hour journey from Singapore to their new home in Grand These disturbances have also and thousands of workers and updated data on the ecology and scuba divers, very little information Cul-de-sac Marin Nature Reserve, Guadaloupe. Another 13 encouraged the proliferation of soldiers that live in multiple genetic health of selected birds exists on these endangered fish. manatees would eventually join them to form a founding macroalgae which compete with nests spaced 10 to 20 metres threatened by the songbird trade The study aims to understand the group for a reintroduction programme. Some 100 years ago, corals for space. This study aims apart. While this ant species has in Singapore. The species include biology and ecology of the sharks. the manatees in Guadaloupe were hunted to extinction and to identify and monitor key groups been found to coexist with 500 the straw-headed bulbul, common All information gathered will be the reintroduction programme offers hope for the species to of herbivorous fish that feed on varied species of ants in Sabah’s hill myna, oriental magpie-robin used to raise public awareness for populate the Caribbean waters once again. macroalgae. Data will be used forests, The C.gigas populations and oriental white-eye. This bamboo sharks and the effects in prioritizing herbivorous fish in Singapore are relatively research will facilitate appropriate of fishing pressure and habitat species for urgent conservation few and isolated. This marks future conservation actions and degradation on their dwindling to control the excessive growth them as a species that requires identify pure non-hybridised population. of macroalgae and maintain the conservation. This study aims to individuals for breeding and balance to prevent corals from better understand its reproduction reintroduction programmes. During the reporting year, WRSCF Europe North America being displaced. biology and to develop a also continued to provide funding Asia conservation plan for local for the following projects: populations. It is hoped that a Guadeloupe Africa

colony will eventually be featured Wildlife response to recreational • Saving the Singapore Freshwater Singapore Urban ecology of bats in in the Singapore Zoo to further the trail use in Singapore’s forested Crab from Extinction South Singapore by Benjamin P. Y. H. project’s outreach efforts. nature reserves by Marcus A. H. – Daniel J. J. Ng America Lee Chua • Understanding Local Sunda Pangolins using VHF and GPS Land-use change in Singapore has As Singapore’s population Tracking Devices decreased fruit and insectivorous Automated acoustic monitoring numbers are projected to rise, – Helen Catherine Nash bat species by 60% and 75% increased recreational use of the • Population Ecology, Breeding of amphibians by Eva Catharina Antarctica respectively. To understand the full Madelene Karlsson Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (BTNR) and Conservation of Mangrove impact of urbanisation on bats, this and Central Catchment Nature Horseshoe Crabs in Singapore research looks at which bat species Conservation planning depends Reserve (CCNR) might be a cause – Laura Yap Custom-made open-top crates for Kai and Junior. persists in urban environments, on having good estimates of for concern. To better understand • Use of Training Dogs for The thick foam prevents the effects on major roads and species populations. When it how local nature reserve visitorship Conservation of Sunda Pangolins injuries during the journey. Throughout the journey, crossings on bat activity and comes to amphibians, monitoring impacts wildlife, the comparative – Louise Fletcher the accompanying vets and pathogens found in urban bats. amphibian calls are an established study will determine the response • Spatial Ecology of the aquarist sprayed water on Kai and Junior to keep their The results of this study will be way to estimate population size. of diurnal mammals and birds Reticulated Python skin moist. used to recommend better urban Automated acoustic monitoring when trails are opened and – Mary-Ruth Low planning for biodiversity. This stations can help classify calls closed. The results will be used to • Wildlife Biodiversity Surveys at study also aims to build a local according to amphibian species, promote visitor etiquette through Wildlife Reserves Singapore community of bat enthusiasts that facilitating long-term studies. The public outreach efforts. – Paige Lee will assist with building ecological survey stations can also collect • Using Next-Generation- knowledge of local bat species. data on temperature and humidity Sequencing for conservation on an automated mode and management: Ecology and analyse their effects on amphibian genetics of the Sunda pangolin calling behaviour and population – Amrita Srivathsan dynamics. In the process of developing these survey stations, this project will assess the effects For more information on our of habitat structure on the local projects, please visit: audibility of calls and the accuracy http://www.wrscf.org.sg/our- of population number estimates projects.html. based on acoustic data. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 45

Workshops, Conferences And Research

WRS continued to take the leadership in providing platforms for colleagues from the wildlife conservation arena to share, learn and collaborate. In hosting the workshops and conferences, WRS brought specialists from different parts of the world together to work towards a shared vision and common goals of protecting the world’s precious biodiversity.

Specialist workshops and • 13th International Otter • Semen analysis, semen • Investigating the impact of • Nuclear and mitochondrial • Colobine monkey nutrition: meetings Congress of the IUCN-SSC Otter cryopreservation and DNA a change in management data reveal a distinct and moving towards a naturalistic Specialist Group fragmentation study of the schedule on the display of endangered hill myna complex diet and its implications on the Besides hosting and participating proboscis monkey (Nasalis stereotypic behaviour by a in the Barusan Islands of gut microbiome, health and in specialist workshops, WRS • WAZA Zoo and Aquarium larvatus) captive polar bear Indonesia behaviour met regularly with working Accreditation Summit • The missing ecosystem - • Does personality have an • Phylogenetic affinity of the • Genetic analysis of Sunda groups that saw cross-agency • 15th International Elephant sources, function and ecology of impact on the problem-solving oriental white-eye (Zosterops pangolin (Manis javanica) using collaboration and engagement & Rhino Conservation and microbes in urban air: indoor air abilities of chimpanzees (Pan palpebrosus) and its status in Restriction Site Associated DNA of various stakeholders including Research Symposium microbiome of Jurong Bird Park troglodytes) at Singapore Zoo? Singapore markers sequencing (RADseq) National Parks Board (NParks), Agri-food and Veterinary Authority • Singapore Alliance for • Freshwater crabs (Johora • Effects of visitor presence and • Evaluation of diet on kidney • Microscopy investigation of of Singapore (AVA), Lee Kong Sustainable Palm Oil – Leaders’ singaporensis) in Singapore: noise levels on the behaviour stone formation in Asian small- polar bear’s fur Chian Natural History Museum Summit Comparing the microbiome of a captive red panda (Ailurus clawed otter (LKCNHM), Nature Society diversity of water from the fulgens) at River Safari • Population assessment and Singapore (NSS), Animal Concerns • Songbird Crisis Summit captive breeding facility at • Meta-analysis of nutrient genetic investigation for Research and Education Society Wildlife Reserves Singapore and • Testing of Veterinary Samples requirements for avian growth conservation of the vulnerable (ACRES), universities and relevant natural stream habitats (specifically for primates on smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli specialist groups. These meetings the presence of the Malaria • Managing human-macaque ) endemic Research projects • Nasalisation by Nasalis: long pathogen) conflict: investigating waste to Mesopotamia are crucial in providing direction nose characterises long call management systems in and mapping strategies for WRS staff took the lead or acoustics in proboscis monkeys • Morphologic and molecular Singapore Zoo • Semen analysis, semen conservation action plans. facilitated a total of 72 research study of hemoparasites in wild cryopreservation and DNA projects involving subject • The role of spatial memory birds in Singapore • Nutrient intake of lory and fragmentation study of the specialists and students. 32 in the foraging behaviour of lorikeet species in Jurong Bird Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis • Nepal Otter Network meetings projects were completed at the captive Sunda pangolins (Manis • The survey of prevalence of Park larvatus) javanica time of report. These projects are: ) blood parasites in greater • Asian Species Action Partnership flamingo and lesser flamingo in • The prevalence and causes • Zoo Soil Surveillance – Governing Council meeting • Phasing of captive Asian Jurong Bird Park of chronic diarrhoea among Environmental surveillance for elephant management from callitrichid species in Wildlife Burkholderia pseudomallei and • Investigation of nematode larval • Helmeted hornbill workshop free to protected contact: • Distribution and autecology Reserves Singapore Burkholderia multivorans in presence in exhibits and back-of monitoring changes in social of the introduced Gunther's Singapore Zoo the-house yard of douc langur, • Singapore Pangolin Working group dynamics and animal- frog (Hylarana guentheri) in • Research on the improvement cheetah, Asiatic lion, markhor Group (SPWG) meetings keeper conflict Singapore of feeding techniques and diet and giraffe of (Polyodon spathula) to induce • Singapore Freshwater Crab • Positive reinforcement training • Java’s trade-driven extinctions: growth • Effects of seasonal changes, in Conservation Working Group and memory retention in Conservation genomic tools to a climate-control exhibit on the meetings the African dwarf crocodile rescue the black-winged myna • Project report on the research of oestrus cycle of a captive giant (Osteolaemus tetraspis) (Acridotheres melanopterus) (Himantura chaophraya) growth panda at River Safari • Singapore Python Working and development in relation to Group meetings its diet WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 47

Together For Wildlife

“Together We Can Do Great Things” – these words of wisdom from Mother Theresa certainly resonate with WRS Left: Kinderland students met Pangolina during the training session. This pangolin as it embarks on a journey to empower the community, the volunteers and park guests to act for wildlife through was nursed back to health by WRS after sustaining injuries from a road accident. collective efforts. Major initiatives undertaken to deepen community engagement included `I Love Pangolins’, Sharity Day 2016, Vote For Wildife and Corporate Wildlife Buddy programme. Below: Mr Tan Chuan Jin, Minister for Social and Family Development interacting with a Kinderland student at ‘I Love Pangolins’ fund raising carnival held in Singapore Zoo on 27 August 2016.

Volunteer For Wildlife ‘I Love Pangolins’ During the year, a total of 2,810 volunteers devoted 54,278 hours – Conservation Outreach to help WRS to care for the living collection, engage park guests By Kinderland & WRS through in-park activities and connect with the public through The Sunda pangolin is one of outreach programmes. It is heartening to note that volunteer hours the last few mammalian species have climbed 22% compared to the previous year and the volunteer in Singapore. An important part community has expanded in representation from permanent residents, of our nature heritage, this scaly signalling deepened community involvement in wildlife conservation. creature is relatively unknown to Singaporeans. It is highly threatened by destruction of FY16/17 its forest habitat due to rapid Volunteer No. of No. of urbanisation. Displaced pangolins Programmes volunteers volunteer hours are often victims of road accidents.

Docents 188 4922 ‘I Love Pangolins’ was the first Conservation Ambassadors 343 9604 collaborative effort between Wildlife Buddies Training 1290 7740 Kinderland and WRS to promote Work Experience Programme 109 8720 community involvement in Teachers Work Attachment Programme 1 400 conserving native wildlife. Some Conservation & Research Volunteers 2 320 500 Kinderland pre-schoolers and Education Volunteers 3 480 their teachers attended training Avian/Zoology Keeper Volunteers 47 7520 sessions by WRS to learn about Vet Volunteers 52 4160 pangolins and enjoyed the rare WRS Events/ Projects 775 10412 opportunity to meet Pangolina and her keeper. Back in their schoolers gained tremendous Total 2,810 54,278 centres, they put together their social experience by taking on the creative minds and hands to create responsibility of ‘little ambassadors’ a dazzling variety of handicraft, to man the stalls at the carnival and which were sold at a fund-raising share the plight of pangolins with carnival held at Singapore Zoo members of the public. This project on 27 August 2016. The carnival was community involvement at was graced by Mr Tan Chuan Jin, its best – pre-schoolers and their Minister for Social and Family principals, teachers, parents, Development. siblings and grandparents came together to celebrate local wildlife Apart from getting to know more while enjoying family bonding about the pangolins, the pre- time.

A keeper volunteer feeding the cotton-top tamarins and engaging Kinderland students present a cheque to Mr Mike Barclay, Group CEO, Zoo guests at the same time. Mandai Park Holdings (far right). The fund raised will be used for conservation of the Sunda pangolin, a threatened local species. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 49

Sharity Day 2016 at River Safari was graced by Guest-of-Honour, Mr Ng Chee Meng, Acting Minister for Education (Schools) Empowering Zoo guests to take action for wildlife conservation by voting for one of the projects supported by WRS. and Senior Minister of State, Ministry of Transport (2nd row, fifth from the right).

Sharity Day 2016 meaningful interactions while memorable visits, WRS launched Vote For Wildlife On 30 September, WRS hosted learning about diversity in the the Corporate Wildlife Buddy To communicate WRS’ involvement 840 children at River Safari for natural world and the animals in programme. Familiarisation tours in wildlife conservation and more the first time in celebration River Safari. around the parks are provided for importantly, to empower park of Sharity Day. It was a day of the Corporate Wildlife Buddies guests to do their part and take great fun as Sharity Elephant Corporate Wildlife Buddies and training is offered to help action, Vote For Wildlife initiative and Friends entertained the Many companies want to involve them plan simple yet engaging was rolled out. At the start of each young crowd with a skit and their staff in community work activities for their beneficiaries. voting cycle, three conservation songs to celebrate diversity in and fulfil their corporate social This programme has received projects are selected for park the community and promote responsibility by hosting visits very encouraging feedback from guests to cast their vote of support, wildlife conservation. Corporate for the disadvantaged, persons the participants. For WRS, it is yet which will determine the additional volunteers and children from with special needs and the another avenue to promote the funds to be allocated to each of the mainstream schools acted as elderly at WRS parks. To ensure appreciation of the natural world projects. buddies for children with special that the staff are well-equipped to the community. needs. Together, they enjoyed to facilitate meaningful and WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 51

Wildlife Rescue Besides taking care of the living collection and participating actively in global efforts to HAND-RAISING SANDSHREW, protect biodiversity, WRS is also THE BABY PANGOLIN deeply involved in wildlife rescue, rehabilitation and release work. On 16th January 2017, a male baby Sunda pangolin was rescued During the reporting year, it from a construction site along Lentor Avenue and brought to WRS. received a total of 1,977 rescued As he was only one and half months old, he cannot fend for himself in animals, largely from the illegal the wild. A decision was made to hand raise him and release him back pet and bushmeat trade. A into the wild when appropriate. Named Sandshrew eventually, he was mega confiscation by AVA saw solely bottle-fed on milk for a few weeks before being introduced to over 200 black pond turtles being ant eggs. By May 2017, he weighed 1.5kg and would be conditioned donating to WRS. As the number and tagged for release. is massive, WRS is looking to rehome some of these turtles in other zoological institutions.

Exotic species were absorbed into WRS’ collection, where appropriate, and the rest were rehomed or in the process of being rehomed. It is saddening to know that despite the best possible veterinary care given to the rescued animals, close to 40% of all the confiscated wildlife had to be euthanized because of their appalling state of health, which had resulted from the ordeal. To smuggle wildlife across TOBY’S RESCUE – A HEART-WARMING STORY borders, traders stuffed them in plastic tubes and travelling OF COMMUNITY EFFORTS bags, taped them to prevent movements and detection, and On 9 May 2016, a six week-old smooth-coated otter pup almost deprived them of water and drowned after it fell into a canal near Fort Road. Mr Patrick Ng, a food. WRS has strengthened its member of the public, dived in to fish it out of the waters. After a A NEW HOME FOR conservation communication long wait, the pup’s family did not return for it and the otter watchers platforms through education decided to send it to WRS. Dr Serena Oh, Assistant Director, ILLEGAL PET outreach with strong messaging Veterinary dewormed the pup and gave it a Vitamin B injection. and the campaign `You Buy, They Named Toby by the staff, the pup was bottle-fed regularly. After ten Kept as an illegal pet, this young Die’ to empower the public to days of loving tender care by Dr Serena, Toby was strong enough to female white-handed gibbon help fight the illegal wildlife trade be released back into the wild. Attracted by Toby’s calls, his family was confiscated and brought to by reporting known cases and joined him - it was a happy reunion, made possible by collective Singapore Zoo. She was absorbed not buying or consuming wildlife. community efforts. into Singapore Zoo’s collection. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 53

JOURNEY TO SUSTAINABILITY

Strengthening the sustainability growth pillar, WRS took a huge step forward to walk the talk and launched new initiatives to embrace sustainable best practices. At the same time, the team sharpened WRS’ competitive edge to ensure financial sustainability through innovative product offerings, unique wildlife experiences with compelling storylines and strategic marketing and sales efforts.

The key message of the water bottles. To ensure effective Environmental Sustainability Campaign was that call to action, 13 customised Sustainability we need to focus on making the ultrafiltration water dispensers were Earth a safe playground for babies installed, through the generous The year saw the establishment of of all life forms – humans and support by Hyflux, at strategic a sustainability framework to drive animals included. The campaign locations in Singapore Zoo and sustainable best practices in a weaved sustainability and wildlife River Safari to provide water points holistic and structured manner, with conservation into one story, and for guests. The water dispensers a focus on sustainable sourcing and empowered the community to also feature messaging on the social engagement. vote online and channel funds harmful effects of plastic waste to Above and below: Winners of the Creative Trash Recycling Competition at the prize-giving ceremony. This competition to their favourite conservation motivate park guests to reduce reached out to many pre-schoolers, their teachers and parents, and encouraged them to embrace sustainable living. Sustainable Sourcing project. Downloadable eco games plastic waste through simple The switch to sustainable seafood, encouraged children and their actions. and to using certified segregated family to live sustainably and Creative Trash Recycling sustainable oil for cooking in all protect wildlife by taking small Adding to guest convenience, Competition F&B outlets was a milestone for and simple actions. The campaign refillable water bottles, co-branded To engage young children and WRS in its sustainability efforts. microsite garnered over 100,000 by WRS and Hyflux, are available empower them to do their part WRS also affirmed its commitment visits and more than 20,000 for purchase at retail shops, F&B for the environment, Creative by being a founding member votes were cast for the three outlets and vending machines. A Trash Recycling Competition was of the Singapore Alliance for conservation projects featured. few months after the launch of the organised. The response was Sustainable Palm Oil (SASPO), The campaign was also supported campaign, the consumption of overwhelming with close to one which is a group of companies that by a promotion to invite children bottled water showed a decline of hundred entries submitted by pre- work together to encourage more to visit WRS parks for free, and 20%, exceeding the target by 10%. schoolers from over 40 schools. companies to use sustainably- robust in-park programming with The prize-giving ceremony was produced palm oil. Unusual Babies Booth, Furry Zoo held as part of the media event Babies Encounter and Baby Animal for the Reduce Bottled Water Social Engagement Trail. The overwhelming response Consumption Campaign. A key focus in WRS’ sustainability helped to push local attendance framework is to continually educate up by 64%, enabling WRS to reach Trash Busters Go To Schools Trash Busters, a new and inspire the community to out to the community in greater A new Zoo Goes To School Zoo Goes To School embrace a sustainable lifestyle. breadth and depth. programme ‘Trash Busters’ was programme, was launched A sustainability communication developed to strengthen the to motivate children to platform ‘Go Green for Wildlife’ sustainability messaging. Ranger reduce plastic waste as Reduce Bottled Water action for wildlife. was launched to reach out to park Consumption Splash visits schools and ‘take’ guests and netizens. Single-use plastic waste, created to the children on an adventure to a large extent by the consumption learn about the harmful effects of ‘Go Green for Wildlife’ was of bottled water, is a serious threat plastic waste and what they can unveiled with the inaugural annual to the environment and wildlife. In do to make a positive difference. October Sustainability Campaign, November 2016, WRS launched This programme was extended to Water dispensers with strong which was digital-led to integrate an initiative to encourage park messaging to encourage guests to pre-schools on a complimentary online communication and in-park guests to reduce the consumption use refillable water bottles and reduce basis in October as part of the programming. of bottled water by using refillable plastic waste. sustainability campaign. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 55

Financial Sustainability school holidays. The encouraging wildlife. Among the stories that Celebrating 45 Years of Living response prompted a similar captured extremely keen media Colours Guest attendance for WRS parks promotion (30% off admission) attention were baby elephant JBP celebrated her 45th totaled 4.59million, a 1.7% in partnership with NTUC, in Neha, manatee reintroduction anniversary with a myriad of decline compared to the record September and October. In March programme in Guadeloupe, mating activities during the June school of 4.67million in the previous 2017, the promotion (50% off season of giant pandas Kai Kai holidays, starting with ‘Home year. The dip is considered admission) was made even more and Jia Jia, and proboscis monkey, Tweet Home’ – an event that modest against the backdrop of attractive with earlier admission Cyrano as the 6000th species involved WRS volunteers and a challenging global economic after 8.15pm and a 20% off ala- featured in National Geographic’s Bird Park guests to paint 45 nest landscape, demonetization in India carte food items and Asian buffet. Photo Ark. boxes, which were subsequently and the Zika virus scare at home. sent to Begawan and Cikananga Doubling its efforts to attract The Sales Team continued to Park Icons Unveiled Foundations, Indonesia for repeat visits, grow existing markets expand the top five tourist markets As part of the programming for breeding the critically endangered and penetrate new segments in India, China, Japan, Korea and the June and December school black-winged starlings and Bali through innovative marketing and Australia through trade partner holidays, Canola, Chawang and myna. sales initiatives have helped WRS engagement and sale missions. Sunny were unveiled as icons arrest what would had been a Working with tour operators, for River Safari, Night Safari and Guests were also treated to a steeper decline. WRS created packages that offer Jurong Bird Park respectively. special edition of the High Flyers unique wildlife, culinary and retail These icons, together with Zoo Show featuring Big John, the experiences as a holistic approach icon Ah Meng, enable WRS parks cockatoo which is a pioneer of the Reeling In The Crowd Throughout the year, different to cater to the increasingly to leverage on their power as Park’s bird shows. The Birthday admission promotions, often sophisticated consumers. Curry wildlife ambassadors to create Baby Trail invited guests to embark with strategic partners, were Garden, which replaced Bongo emotional connection between on a journey to discover Year rolled out to ensure that WRS Burger at Jurong Bird Park in people and animals. Among 2016 avian chicks, and to visit the parks remain affordable to local February 2017, offers a much the slew of in-park programmes Breeding and Research Centre residents. Bundle pricing with welcome ‘taste of home’ for the organized to support the unveiling where they can witness the life innovative programming provided Indian tourists. A memorandum of of the icons, Manatee Madness cycle of birds and watch ‘bird a compelling reason for multi- understanding inked with Hanatour at River Safari was most popular nannies’ hard at work to provide WRS volunteers painting nest boxes, which were subsequently used for breeding park visits by locals and tourists was a great step forward for WRS and oversubscribed. Participants the babies with tender loving care. the threatened black-winged starlings and Bali myna. alike. Strong partnership with tour to gain even stronger foothold enjoyed a close up and personal agents, visibility of the WRS brand in the Korea tourist market. encounter with Canola and her in overseas trade missions and Aggressive sales efforts were also friends behind-the-scenes. They extensive media coverage helped poured in growing Southeast also had the opportunity to witness to keep guests coming to the Asian markets including Vietnam, River Safari aquarists conditioning parks. the Philippines and Indonesia. the manatees for health checks. Corporate Communications Working with The Sunday Times, supported with media junkets, a promotion was launched to offer hosting key media representatives a free adult/child admission ticket from these countries. for every paid adult ticket for WRS parks. It enjoyed overwhelming Engaging media stories and response with some 18,000 strong media relations helped redemptions over a three-month WRS garnered yet another year period. of extensive coverage both local and overseas. Apart from publicity Taking another step to encourage and top-of-the-mind awareness, local residents to visit Night many of the stories were built on Safari, an off-peak promotion the narratives of WRS’ world-class offering 50% discount on Night animal care and conservation Safari admission after 9.15pm efforts in the region so as to was launched during the June inspire people to care and act for WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 57

OUR PEOPLE

To deepen staff engagement and manage talent, WRS embarked on a journey to become a choice employer. Among the many initiatives, HR Division was restructured to drive strategic changes and an employee engagement survey carried out to help align HR best practices 45 YEARS OF DEDICATED SERVICE with employees’ career aspiration. ALAGAPPASAMY, affectionately known as Sam, joined MAIDIN leads a team to Singapore Zoo even before its official opening in June 1973. ensure that water filters He was assigned to look after orangutans and that ignited his and pumps in WRS parks Caring and Growing deepening of domain knowledge lifelong passion for these creatures. When the late Ah Meng are functioning well to Training programmes to sharpen and specialist skill sets. was donated to Singapore Zoo, he became her favourite keeper. provide clean water for generalist and specialist skills were Over the years, Sam has amassed deep knowledge of caring the living collection and offered to facilitate the desired Embarking on the next level of for orangutans. He has contributed significantly to building everyone in the parks. outcomes for staff with different leadership development, a set of Singapore Zoo’s renowned reputation in breeding orangutans, He is a dedicated leader job functions. Life Sciences team leadership competencies unique and being the first in the world to provide free-ranging habitats who goes the extra continued to gain knowledge and to WRS was derived. This serves for the apes. Today, Sam provides specialist guidance to his team mile in his work and is learn best practices through in-park as a framework for leadership of orangutan keepers. He continues to share his knowledge to ever ready to guide and specialist training and overseas standards, and a guide for help develop enrichment programmes for the physical and mental develop his team in attachment. All these efforts have identifying and developing high well-being of the apes, which he regards as part of his family. their skills. resulted in 73% of WRS staff performing individuals to progress fulfilling at least 16 training hours in to leadership positions. the reporting year. Staff benefits were reviewed, with For the first time, team building various medical and dental benefits sessions were organised for the enhanced to ensure comprehensive entire company to foster stronger coverage. Re-employment of staff bonds and camaraderie. The up to 67 years old was adopted sessions also served effectively 6 months ahead of legislature Redesigning as a platform to cascade WRS’ timeline. HR Structure refreshed vision, mission and values to staff for better alignment. A Safe and Healthy Workplace The Human Resource Division was Committed to providing a safe and restructured to provide dedicated An employee engagement survey healthy workplace for the staff, focus on internal customers, was rolled out and garnered WRS reviewed the safety standards grow capabilities, and attract and excellent response rate of for various processes and infra- retain talent. The HR Business 90%. The result reviewed an structure. The efforts resulted in the Partners Unit was reorganised engagement score of 69% which attainment of BizSAFE Level Star to strengthen direct support is 10% above country norm. certification by Workplace Safety & to the respective departments. Structured follow-up sessions with Health Council (WSHC). The Learning and Development individual departments to address team was augmented to anchor employees’ pain points will feature To encourage staff to take talent management, leadership the next phase of employee ownership of their own safety development, succession planning engagement. and health, a ‘100-Day Incident- and organisational development. Free’ campaign was launched. To drive the service culture across Talent Management At 31 March 2017, the campaign the whole organisation, the Guest A talent management framework contributed to 35% reduction in Experience Department was was developed to identify and workplace injury compared to the moved from the Park Operations develop high potentials in the year ago. & Revenue division to the Human organisation for succession MAIDIN, Resources Division. planning and to facilitate Supervisor, Water Control ALAGAPPASAMY CHELLAIYAH, Zoologist Specialist Chow Hon Yien, Kim Sim, Junior Animal Care Officer Education Executive

WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 59

Jose Pedro, Deputy Head Keeper

Teo Yiang Eng, F&B Service Crew

Josephine Kawi, Endocrine Analyst

Jayce Chua, Assistant Curator

Nur Amalina, Tram Captain

Prakash Naidu, Senior Keeper

Nicole Tan, Senior Guest Relations Officer

Vanessa Lee, Chandramohan Ramalingam, Anil Bisht, Jasmine Ng, Animal Care Officer Supervisor, Animal Presentation Quarantine Management Officer Retail Associate THE YEAR WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 61 AHEAD

The road ahead is challenging as it is exciting. As development work for the new Mandai precinct gains momentum, disruptions are inevitable and the team has to provide creative solutions to mitigate impact on guest experiences and the living collection in the existing parks. Meanwhile, WRS continues to strengthen its strategic pillars to do well and do good. To gain the competitive edge, the team constantly explores novel guest experiences and digital platforms to attract non-traditional market segments while staying on the path to be a world-leading zoological institution that inspires people to value and conserve biodiversity. The parks continue to play their role as living classrooms for all to get close to Nature and learn to respect and care for her while the team creates something even more wondrous at the new Mandai precinct.

Like this chrysalis, which will transform into a striking black and white tree nymph butterfly, the transformation of Mandai holds the promise of something beautiful and wondrous for all to enjoy. WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 63 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS FY16/17

TOTAL REVENUE FY 15/16 $154,041,027

57.3% ADMISSION & RIDES

22.3% F&B

7.8% RETAIL

11.2% OTHERS

1.5% ADOPTIONS & DONATION

TOTAL VISITORS 4,592,646

5.0 4.5 River Safari 4.0 874,593 19%

3.5 Jurong Bird Park 754,674 16.4% 3.0 2.5 Night Safari 2.0 1,159,422 25.2% 1.5

1.0 Singapore Zoo 1,803,957 39.3% 0.5

FY 12/13 FY 13/14 FY 14/15 FY 15/16 FY 16/17 WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE PAGE 65 ADOPTERS & SPONSORS YEAKBOOK 2016/17

Wildlife Reserves Singapore (WRS) would like to thank adopters and sponsors for their staunch support. With their encouragement, WRS is able to strengthen wildlife conservation efforts and protect biodiversity in Singapore and the region.

JURONG BIRD PARK Borden Company Pte Ltd American Bald Eagle, Sue Allen & Eagle Statue RIVER SAFARI CapitaLand Limited Presenting Sponsor & Conservation Donor of Kai Kai & Jia Jia Goodwood Park Hotel Limited Brahminy Kite, Ronnie II JTB Pte Ltd Red Panda Hong Leong Foundation Flamingoes from the High Flyers Show M1 Limited Jewel Tank Lady Yuen Peng McNiece Bali Mynah Mitsui & Co. (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd Mekong Giant Catfish Lee Foundation Singapore Penguin Coast Singapore Airlines Ltd Official Airline of the Giant Panda Programme M1 Limited Malayan Fish Owl, Tupa SPH Foundation Ltd Amazon Flooded Forest M1 Limited Great-Pied Hornbill The Shaw Foundation Pte Manatee Feeding Program Ms Isabella Loh A Pair of American Toucans, Mr & Mrs Axel Ms Isabella Loh Barn Owl, Aedric Protek Chemicals & Engineering Pte Ltd White-collared Kingfisher RMZ Oilfield Engineering Pte Ltd Toco Tocan SPH Foundation Ltd High Flyers Show Starhub Mobile Pte Ltd Scarlet Ibis Exhibit SINGAPORE ZOO Abbott Laboratories (S) Pte Ltd Giraffe, Growie & Jubilee State Bank Of India (Singapore) Flamingo Lake Australia And New Zealand Banking Group Limited Australasia Sutera Harbour Resort Lesser Bird of Paradise Cheng Kim Loke Foundation Malayan Tapir The Shaw Foundation Pte Fly Pass Macaws from the High Flyers Show Dimension Data Asia Pacific Pte Ltd White Rhinoceros Haw Par Corporation Ltd Leopard Henkel Singapore Pte Ltd Chimpanzee, Gangga Hong Leong Foundation Fragile Forest Industrial And Commercial Bank Of China Limited Cotton-Top Tamarin Ingredion Singapore Pte Ltd Orang Utan, Putra NIGHT SAFARI Chemical Industries (Far East) Ltd Malayan Tiger Viewing Shelter Kentucky Fried Chicken Management Pte Ltd Zebra Goodwood Park Hotel Limited Fishing Cat Trail Lee Foundation Singapore Orang Utan, Chomel Haw Par Healthcare Limited Malayan Tiger Lee Foundation Singapore Tropical Crops JTB Pte Ltd Lion M1 Limited Amhara Stone Village JTB Pte Ltd Sambar Deer & Elephant M1 Limited Orang Utan, Endah JTB Pte Ltd Baby Elephant, Neha Mitsui & Co. (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd Elephants at Work & Play Show Khoo Teck Puat Foundation Fishing Cat Trail Mrs Christina Ong Orang Utans, Binte & Saloma Kinderland Educare Services Pte Ltd Pangolin Ms Kay Kuok Asian Elephant, Aprila M1 Limited Giraffe Ms Nicola Barrett Memorial Bench Mitsui & Co. (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd African White Lion Protek Chemicals & Engineering Pte Ltd Chimpanzee, Susie Mr & Mrs Lim Soo Peng The Greater Flamingo Sesami (Singapore) Pte Ltd Chimpanzee, Jengo Mr Martin Storey Babirusa Singapore Petroleum Company Ltd Lion Singapore Refining Company Pte Ltd Marsh Bird SPH Foundation Ltd Polar Bear, Inuka Singtel Mobile Singapore Pte Ltd Ankole SPH Foundation Ltd Proboscis Monkey Exhibit at SPH Conservation Centre Starhub Mobile Pte Ltd Bharal Starhub Mobile Pte Ltd Orang Utan, Natu Starhub Mobile Pte Ltd Serval Segment - Creature of the Night Show Starhub Mobile Pte Ltd Red Langur Thai Beverage Public Company Limited Asian Elephant, Chawang State Bank Of India (Singapore) Asian Elephant, Gambir The Shaw Foundation Pte Slow Loris Thai Airways International Public Co. Ltd Asian Elephant, Intan The Little Skool-House International Pte Ltd Chimpanzee, Ida The Norinchukin Bank, Singapore Branch Hamadryas Landscape The Shaw Foundation Pte The Shaw Foundation Amphitheatre The Society of Remisiers (Singapore) Babirusa Union Energy Corporation Pte Ltd Orang Utan, Joko Wuthelam Holdings Pte Ltd Rabbit WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEAKBOOK 2016/17 PAGE 67

One touch of nature makes the whole world kin. ~ William Shakespeare ~ WILDLIFE RESERVES SINGAPORE YEARBOOK 2016-17

Wildlife Reserves Singapore Group

JURONG BIRD PARK 2 Jurong Hill Singapore 628925 Tel: 62650022 Fax: 62611869 Website: www.birdpark.com.sg Email: [email protected]

NIGHT SAFARI / RIVER SAFARI / SINGAPORE ZOO 80 Mandai Lake Road Singapore 729826 Tel: 62693411 Fax: 63652331 Website: www.nightsafari.com.sg www.zoo.com.sg www.riversafari.com.sg Email: [email protected]