Lombok Island, Sumbawa Island, and Samalas Volcano
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Challenge Your Adrenaline by Taking One of These Volcano Indonesia Tours
Challenge Your Adrenaline by Taking One of These Volcano Indonesia Tours As an archipelago, Indonesia lays on the meeting of several tectonic plates. Geologically, it is the reason why Indonesia has many volcanoes stretched from the West to the East. Though it sounds worrying to remember how dangerous a volcano can be, the area can be the perfect place to explore instead. Volcanoes are known for its fertile land and scenic view. Apparently, volcano Indonesia tour can be found across the country and below are six of the best destinations. 1. Mount Rinjani, Lombok Lombok Island on the Eastern Indonesia has the magnificent Mount Rinjani and its craters. This active volcano has three craters from its past eruption called the Kelimutu Lake. Mount Rinjani is the second highest volcano in Indonesia after Mount Kerinci in Sumatera. The lake has a magical view because each crater has different colors throughout the day. From afar, each of the craters would be seen to have green, blue, and red color. The local people have their own legend of the color of the craters. However, the color change might potentially be the result of the change in oxidation and reduction of the fluid in the craters. It may take around two days and one night to climb the mountain seriously and professionally. However, there are Indonesia tour packages that will offer an easier hiking option for beginners. 2. Mount Batur, Bali Mount Batur in Bali might be the easiest volcano to climb in the Indonesia tour list. In just less than three hours, you can get to the top of this active volcano. -
The Seasonal Variability of Sea Surface Temperature and Chlorophyll-A Concentration in the South of Makassar Strait
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Environmental Sciences 33 ( 2016 ) 583 – 599 The 2nd International Symposium on LAPAN-IPB Satellite for Food Security and Environmental Monitoring 2015, LISAT-FSEM 2015 The seasonal variability of sea surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration in the south of Makassar Strait Bisman Nababan*, Novilia Rosyadi, Djisman Manurung, Nyoman M. Natih, and Romdonul Hakim Department of Marine Science and Technology, Bogor Agricultural University, Jl. Lingkar Akademik, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Abstract The sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) variabilities in the south of Makassar Strait were mostly affected by monsoonal wind speed/directions and riverine freshwater inflows. The east-southeast (ESE) wind (May-October) played a major role in an upwelling formation in the region starting in the southern tip of the southern Sulawesi Island. Of the 17 years time period, the variability of the SST values ranged from 25.7°C (August 2004) - 30.89°C (March 2007). An upwelling initiation typically occurred in early May when ESE wind speed was at <5 m/s, a fully developed upwelling event usually occurred in June when ESE wind speed reached >5 m/s, whereas the largest upwelling event always occurred in August of each year. Upwelling event generally diminished in September and terminated in October. At the time of the maximum upwelling events (August), the formation of upwelling could be observed up to about 330 km toward the southwest of the southern tip of the Sulawesi island. Interannually, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) intensified the upwelling event during the east season through an intensification of the ESE wind speed. -
The Indonesia Atlas
The Indonesia Atlas Year 5 Kestrels 2 The Authors • Ananias Asona: North and South Sumatra • Olivia Gjerding: Central Java and East Nusa Tenggara • Isabelle Widjaja: Papua and North Sulawesi • Vera Van Hekken: Bali and South Sulawesi • Lieve Hamers: Bahasa Indonesia and Maluku • Seunggyu Lee: Jakarta and Kalimantan • Lorien Starkey Liem: Indonesian Food and West Java • Ysbrand Duursma: West Nusa Tenggara and East Java Front Cover picture by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA. All other images by students of year 5 Kestrels. 3 4 Welcome to Indonesia….. Indonesia is a diverse country in Southeast Asia made up of over 270 million people spread across over 17,000 islands. It is a country of lush, wild rainforests, thriving reefs, blazing sunlight and explosive volcanoes! With this diversity and energy, Indonesia has a distinct culture and history that should be known across the world. In this book, the year 5 kestrel class at Nord Anglia School Jakarta will guide you through this country with well- researched, informative writing about the different pieces that make up the nation of Indonesia. These will also be accompanied by vivid illustrations highlighting geographical and cultural features of each place to leave you itching to see more of this amazing country! 5 6 Jakarta Jakarta is not that you are thinking of.Jakarta is most beautiful and amazing city of Indonesia. Indonesian used Bahasa Indonesia because it is easy to use for them, it is useful to Indonesian people because they used it for a long time, became useful to people in Jakarta. they eat their original foods like Nasigoreng, Nasipadang. -
Baseline Analysis Report Integrated Tourism Master Plan for Lombok Vol.1 Task a – Draft Site Management Plan of Rinjani-Lombok Geopark
Baseline Analysis Report Integrated Tourism Master Plan for Lombok Vol.1 Task A – Draft Site Management Plan of Rinjani-Lombok Geopark PT. AECOM Indonesia Ver.02 – 12 July 2019 Quality Information Project Name : Integrated Tourism Master Plan for Lombok Project No. : JKTD18082 Document Name : Baseline Analysis Report Vol.1 Prepared by Checked by Verified by Approved by Syauqi Asyraf Faiz Aryo Kuncoro Sacha Schwarzkopf Utami Prastiana Revision History Version Submission Date Details Authorized Name Position Ver. 01 13 Dec 2018 AR Dep. TL Ver. 02 12 July 2019 AR Dep. TL Distribution List #Hard Copies PDF Required Association/Company Name Disclaimer AECOM devoted effort consistent with (i) the level of this report without prior written consent of AECOM. diligence ordinarily exercised by competent AECOM has served solely in the capacity of consultant professionals practicing in the area under the same or and has not rendered any expert opinion in connection similar circumstances, and (ii) the time and budget with the subject matter hereof. Any changes made to available for its work, to ensure that the data contained the study, or any use of the study not specifically in this report is accurate as of the date of its identified in the agreement between the Client and preparation. This study is based on estimates, AECOM or otherwise expressly approved in writing by assumptions and other information developed by AECOM, shall be at the sole risk of the party making AECOM from its independent research effort, general such changes or adopting such use. knowledge of the industry, and information (including This document was prepared solely for the use by the without limitation, any information pertaining to the Client. -
EGU2018-10186, 2018 EGU General Assembly 2018 © Author(S) 2018
Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 20, EGU2018-10186, 2018 EGU General Assembly 2018 © Author(s) 2018. CC Attribution 4.0 license. Insights into the Oxidation State of Arc Magmas from the Xenolith Suite Sangeang Api Volcano, Eastern Indonesia. Ben Cooke, John Foden, and Alan Collins University of Adelaide, Earth Science, Adelaide, Australia ([email protected]) At ∆logQFM +2.5 ± 1 arc magmas are significantly more oxidized than MORB (∆logQFM 0 ± 0.5, Cottrell and Kelley, 2011). The origin of this oxidized state remains controversial, either due to oxidation of the mantle wedge source, or to processes operating as these volatile-rich magmas ascend to upper lithospheric pressures? Sangeang Api is an active volcano in the eastern Sunda Arc in the strait between the islands of Sumbawa and Flores. Its lavas are shoshonitic with silica undersaturated alkalic composition and transport abundant co-genetic, cumulate pyroxenite and gabbroic xenoliths. Lavas and xenoliths all contain pargasite to Mg-hastingite amphibole. Applying the formulations of Ridolfi, et. al. (2012) these yield a continuous range of pressure estimates from 975MPa to 340MPa representing crustal level crystallisation from the Moho at 34km up to 12km. Temperature estimates (1072-976˚C) and water content (6.51 to 3.15wt.% ) both decline continuously with depth. fO2 estimates range from ∆NNO+0.2 to +1.2 and show an initial trend of oxidation from the Moho up to ∼ 500MPa and then dominated by lava’s phenocrysts revert to a trend of reduction at the shallower depths. Cl in amphibole increases from the Moho up to 500MPa and then abruptly declines. -
Strengthening the Disaster Resilience of Indonesian Cities – a Policy Note
SEPTEMBER 2019 STRENGTHENING THE Public Disclosure Authorized DISASTER RESILIENCE OF INDONESIAN CITIES – A POLICY NOTE Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Background Urbanization Time to ACT: Realizing Paper Flagship Report Indonesia’s Urban Potential Public Disclosure Authorized STRENGTHENING THE DISASTER RESILIENCE OF INDONESIAN CITIES – A POLICY NOTE Urban floods have significant impacts on the livelihoods and mobility of Indonesians, affecting access to employment opportunities and disrupting local economies. (photos: Dani Daniar, Jakarta) Acknowledgement This note was prepared by World Bank staff and consultants as input into the Bank’s Indonesia Urbanization Flagship report, Time to ACT: Realizing Indonesia’s Urban Potential, which can be accessed here: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/31304. The World Bank team was led by Jolanta Kryspin-Watson, Lead Disaster Risk Management Specialist, Jian Vun, Infrastructure Specialist, Zuzana Stanton-Geddes, Disaster Risk Management Specialist, and Gian Sandosh Semadeni, Disaster Risk Management Consultant. The paper was peer reviewed by World Bank staff including Alanna Simpson, Senior Disaster Risk Management Specialist, Abigail Baca, Senior Financial Officer, and Brenden Jongman, Young Professional. The background work, including technical analysis of flood risk, for this report received financial support from the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs (SECO) through the World Bank Indonesia Sustainable Urbanization (IDSUN) Multi-Donor Trust Fund. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. ii STRENGTHENING THE DISASTER RESILIENCE OF INDONESIAN CITIES – A POLICY NOTE THE WORLD BANK Table of Contents 1. -
WP/IP Template
MET SG/18 - IP/17 Agenda Item 7.4 06/08/14 International Civil Aviation Organization EIGHTEENTH MEETING OF THE METEOROLOGY SUB-GROUP (MET SG/18) OF APANPIRG ICAO Regional Sub-Office, Beijing, China 18 – 21 August 2014 Agenda Item 7.4: Research, development and implementation issues in the MET field 7.4 Advisories and warnings VAAC DARWIN MANAGEMENT REPORT (Presented by Australia) SUMMARY This paper presents the VAAC Darwin Management Report which addresses the main features of the IAVW operations, highlighting any recent developments and difficulties and future planned developments. 1. Introduction 1.1 The Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) Darwin is responsible for monitoring the area from the Andaman Islands (India) eastwards to the Solomon Islands including the volcanically active Indonesian archipelago, Papua New Guinea and the southern Philippines. More than 150 active volcanoes lie within the area, some of which have given rise to the largest eruptions in human history. Areas within the region have poor communications and general infrastructure, incomplete volcanic monitoring and are characterised by moist tropical convection that makes remote sensing difficult for much of the year. 2. Discussion 2.1 A total of 1511 Volcanic Ash Advisories (VAA) were issued by VAAC Darwin from the 1st of July 2013 to the 30th of June 2014 (see Figure 1). During this period the most significant ash events within the VAAC Darwin area were the high level eruptions of the volcanoes Sinabung in February 2014, Kelut in February 2014 and Sangeang Api in May 2014 (see Figures 2 and 3). MET SG/18 - IP/17 -2- Agenda Item 7.4 06/08/14 Number of Volcanic Ash Advisories - 1993/94 to Present 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 93/94 95/96 97/98 99/00 01/02 03/04 05/06 07/08 09/10 11/12 13/14 Figure 1 - Total Volcanic Ash Advisories by fiscal year issued by Darwin VAAC. -
Undiscovered Papua National Mask Festival
UNDISCOVERED PAPUA NATIONAL MASK FESTIVAL One of the world’s most astonishing man-made spectacles, the Papua New Guinea national mask festival celebrates the unique mask cultures of the tribes of East New Britain: the Tolai, Baining, Pomio and Sulka. The festival itself is a four day extravaganza of storytelling, music, cultural dancing, and ritual performance. On the first day at dawn, the Kinavai is held, signalling the arrival of the Tolai Tubuans who arrive on canoes amidst the chanting and beating of kundu drums. Traditional masks will be on display during the festival – some many decades old, brought over from New Ireland Province and other parts of Papua New Guinea. Many of these masks are sacred and are not meant to be viewed, and the opening ceremony acts as a cleansing or appeasement ritual for the broken taboos. The highlight of the evening performances are the spectacular fire dances in which young initiated Baining men perform exhilarating rituals through blazing fires as their elders chant in haunting tones. During our stay we will also have time to visit wartime sites and WWII relics, travel through colourful welcoming villages and tour the rim of an active volcano. Attend the astonishing Kinavai ceremony on Kokopo beach at dawn. Witness the arrival of the Tolai people on canoes with wild drum beats. See traditional masks from all over Papua New Guinea. Be immersed by the performance of the Asaro mud-men warriors from the central highlands. Climb an active volcano and visit a vulcanology research station. Travel to the landing spot of Australian forces in World War One. -
1 Investigation of the Energy Potential from Tidal Stream
INVESTIGATION OF THE ENERGY POTENTIAL FROM TIDAL STREAM CURRENTS IN INDONESIA Kadir Orhan1, Roberto Mayerle1, Rangaswami Narayanan1 and Wahyu Widodo Pandoe2 In this paper, an advanced methodology developed for the assessment of tidal stream resources is applied to several straits between Indian Ocean and inner Indonesian seas. Due to the high current velocities up to 3-4 m/s, the straits are particularly promising for the efficient generation of electric power. Tidal stream power potentials are evaluated on the basis of calibrated and validated high-resolution, three-dimensional numerical models. It was found that the straits under investigation have tremendous potential for the development of renewable energy production. Suitable locations for the installation of the turbines are identified in all the straits, and sites have been ranked based on the level of power density. Maximum power densities are observed in the Bali Strait, exceeding around 10kw/m2. Horizontal axis tidal turbines with a cut-in velocity of 1m/s are considered in the estimations. The highest total extractable power resulted equal to about 1,260MW in the Strait of Alas. Preliminary assessments showed that the power production at the straits under investigation is likely to exceed previous predictions reaching around 5,000MW. Keywords: renewable energy; tidal stream currents; numerical model; Indonesia INTRODUCTION The global energy supply is facing severe challenges in terms of long-term sustainability, fossil fuel reserve exhaustion, global warming and other energy related environmental concerns, geopolitical and military conflicts surrounding oil rich countries, and secure supply of energy. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, wave and tidal energy are capable of meeting the present and future energy demands with ease without inflicting any considerable damage to global ecosystem (Asif et al. -
Tropical Cyclone Cempaka 'Visiting' Indonesia Right After Facing Bali's
Tropical Cyclone Cempaka ‘Visiting’ Indonesia Right after facing Bali's Mount Agung eruption, Indonesia encounters another natural event when tropical cyclone ‘Cempaka’ hits Indonesia on 27th November 2017. Jakarta- Tropical Cyclone Warning Center (TCWC) Jakarta detected a tropical cyclone developing very close to the Southern Coast of Java. The tropical cyclone named ‘Cempaka’, has made BMKG to warn the public to prepare for extreme weather impacts for the next three days. BMKG inform the public that there are some extreme conditions causes by Cempaka such as heavy reainfall, strong winds and thunderstorms that will hit some areas of Indonesia. These heavy rains with strong winds up to 30 knots will hit Jakarta, West Java, Central Java Tengah, Yogyakarta, East Java, Kangean Island, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, and the Southern part of Java Sea. TCWC Jakarta predicts that Cempaka will remain for the next two to three days. TCWC also sending alert to public about high wave potential cause by this cyclone that up to 2.5 - 6 meters in, South Coast of East Java, the Eastern part of Java Sea, Bali Waters, Bali Strait, Alas Strait, Southern part of Lombok Strait, and Sumbawa Sea. BMKG issued warning to the public and advised people to remain calm but be aware about the following impacts that can be caused by the cyclone, such as floods, landslides, flash floods, puddles, strong winds, fallen trees, and slippery roads. Flight activities at several airports in Java may also be affected due to heavy rain and strong winds. Due to possible high sea waves, people and passing vessels are encouraged to remain on alert, especially traditional fishermen operating in the Southern Waters of Java. -
The Malay Archipelago
BOOKS & ARTS COMMENT The Malay Archipelago: the land of the orang-utan, and the bird of paradise; a IN RETROSPECT narrative of travel, with studies of man and nature ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE The Malay Macmillan/Harper Brothers: first published 1869. lfred Russel Wallace was arguably the greatest field biologist of the nine- Archipelago teenth century. He played a leading Apart in the founding of both evolutionary theory and biogeography (see page 162). David Quammen re-enters the ‘Milky Way of He was also, at times, a fine writer. The best land masses’ evoked by Alfred Russel Wallace’s of his literary side is on show in his 1869 classic, The Malay Archipelago, a wondrous masterpiece of biogeography. book of travel and adventure that wears its deeper significance lightly. The Malay Archipelago is the vast chain of islands stretching eastward from Sumatra for more than 6,000 kilometres. Most of it now falls within the sovereignties of Malaysia and Indonesia. In Wallace’s time, it was a world apart, a great Milky Way of land masses and seas and straits, little explored by Europeans, sparsely populated by peoples of diverse cul- tures, and harbouring countless species of unknown plant and animal in dense tropical forests. Some parts, such as the Aru group “Wallace paid of islands, just off the his expenses coast of New Guinea, by selling ERNST MAYR LIB., MUS. COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, HARVARD UNIV. HARVARD ZOOLOGY, LIB., MUS. COMPARATIVE MAYR ERNST were almost legend- specimens. So ary for their remote- he collected ness and biological series, not just riches. Wallace’s jour- samples.” neys throughout this region, sometimes by mail packet ship, some- times in a trading vessel or a small outrigger canoe, were driven by a purpose: to collect animal specimens that might help to answer a scientific question. -
Impact of Land Disaster to the Change of Spatial Planning and Economic Growth
Impact of Land Disaster to the Change of Spatial Planning and Economic Growth Setyo ANGGRAINI, Erfan SUSANTO, San P. RUDIANTO, Indonesia Key words : Lapindo Mud Disaster; Spatial Planning; Landright sertification; Land Zonation. SUMMARY Sidoarjo is a district located in East Java, Indonesia. This district is in the south of Surabaya, the capital city of East Java, with area 63.438,534 ha or 634,39 km2, consist of agricultural land 28.763 Ha, sugarcane plantations 8.164 Ha, aquaculture land 15.729 Ha, and the rest are settlement and industrial land. This district located on the lowland between two great river, Kali Surabaya and Kali Porong, and its impact to the structure of the soil which are Grey Alluvial 6.236,37 Ha, Assosiation of Grey and Brown Alluvial 4.970,23 Ha, Hydromart Alluvial 29.346,95 Ha, and Dark Grey Gromosol 870,70 Ha. Lapindo mud is an event leaking gas drilling that occurs in Sidoarjo by negligence of PT. Lapindo Brantas. Impact of Lapindo mud is felt by people at three (3) Districts, there are Porong District, Jabon subdistrict, and Tanggulangin District. This proved to some areas near the Lapindo mudflow as: Houses, factories, fields, places of worship, schools and others into a sea of Lapindo mud. These facts indicate that spatial planning changes, also the economic, social life and agricultural. The first part of this paper contains a preliminary study / literature based on books, papers, internet sources and also field study about the Sidoarjo District such as geographical location, its potential demography, and a bit about its history.