District Survey Report of East Garo Hills District for Sand Mining 2019
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DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT FOR SAND MINING AND RIVER BED IN EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT (Prepared in accordance with Para 7(iii) (a) of S.O 141 (E) Dated15th January 2018, as amended on S.O 3611 (E) Dated 25th July 2018 of MOEF & CC) Compiled By Assistant Conservator Forest Social Forestry Division, Williamnagar Cum Nodal Officer District Survey Report, East Garo Hills district Deputy Commissioner Divisional Forest Officer Cum Cum Chairman Member Secretary District Level Task Force, East & North Garo Hills (T) Division. East Garo Hills, Williamnagar Williamnagar 1 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 Ch No Description Page No 1 Location Map 3 Introduction 4-13 1.1 Topography & Demography 1.2 River & water sources 1.3 Seismicity 1.4 Demography 1.5 Census 1.6 Places of Tourist interest 2 Overview of mining activity in the District 14 3 The list of Mining leases in the District with lo- cation, area, and period of validity 14 4 The details of Royalty or Revenue received in last three years 15 5 Detail of Production of Sand or Bajri or Minor minerals in last three years 16 6 Process of Deposition of Sediments in the riv- ers of the District 16 7 General Profile of the District 24 8 Land Utilization Pattern in the District : Forest Agriculture, Horticulture, Mining Etc 28 9 Physiology of the District 30 10 Rainfall Data Month wise 32 11 Geology and Mineral Wealth 33 12 Additional Information: 36 13 District wise detail of river or stream and other 37 sand source 14 District wise availability of sand or gravel or aggregate resources 39 15 District wise detail of existing miming leases of 37 sand and aggregates 16 Potential mining sites 40 17 Annexure 42 18 Maps 42 2 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 LOCATION OF THE DISTRICT 3 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 Chapter-1 Introduction East Garo Hills District was upgraded from a sub-division to a full-fledged district in 1976, after the erstwhile Garo Hills District was reorganised with a view to bring the administration closer to the people. In 2012 East Garo Hills District was further reor- ganised to form a new district out of the erstwhile Resubelpara Sub-Division. The Dis- trict is bounded by South Garo Hills on the south, West Garo Hills on the west, West Khasi Hills on the east and North Garo Hills on the north. The headquarter-complex, Williamnagar is a neatly planned township, chris- tened after Captain Williamson A. Sangma, the first Chief Minister of the State of Megha- laya. Williamnagar now has all the amenities of a modern town and is the largest growth centre in Garo Hills, next to Tura. 1.1 Topography & Demography Topography Basic Topographical Facts Drainage Simsang Manda Damring As is evident from the name, the district of East Garo Hils is a hilly terrain. The hills are highly dissected and one major formation is the Arbella Range, which is cuts through the south-central part of the district. The range consists of peaks with an aver- age height of 700 metres above sea level. Another important physiographic feature is the Simsang Valley which runs through the southern part of the district. The River Sim- sang is the longest river in Garo Hills, which originates in West Garo Hills and flows through East Garo Hills and thence to South Garo Hills. The topography of the rest of the district is of undulating low hills, with altitude ranging from 150 to 600 metres above sea level. Besides the Simsang, the district is also drained by the rivers Manda & Damring, which have their sources within the district. Other than the Simsang which drains southeast wards, the others all runs north or northwest towards the Brahmapu- tra. 4 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 1.2 River System & Water Resources The district is mainly drained by perennial & non-perennial streams and the drainage system of the district comprises of the following: 1. The Simsang & its tributaries: The Simsang flows in from the neighbouring district of West Garo Hills, where its source is, it flows eastwards and then southwards within East Garo Hills and then flows out to neighbouring South Garo Hills, and thence to Bangla- desh. The Simsang and its tributaries drains more than 50% of the district. 2. The Damring & its tributaries: The Damring has its source in East Garo Hills and it flows northwards to neighbouring North Garo Hills, and then to Assam and drains to the Brahmaputra. 3. The Manda & its tributaries: The Manda has its source in East Garo Hills and it flows northwards to neighbouring North Garo Hills, and then to Assam and drains to the Brahmaputra. 1.3 Seismicity Seismically, East Garo Hills district lies in Zone V. Nearly all of the state of Me- ghalaya, lies on the "Shillong Massif". This is a block-like structure that has not under- gone much folding or faulting as compared to the surrounding areas. The main threats to the state come from faults bounding the massif with the surrounding areas. The northern part of the massif has several faults, among the newly identified Oldham Fault that is believed responsible for the 1897 earthquake. The southern boundary is marked by the east-west trending Dawki Fault, along the Bangladesh border. Moderate earth- quakes have occurred in this state but the most significant of all was the Great Assam earthquake of 1897. Centred across the state border in Assam, much of Meghalaya was severely jolted. The Largest Instrumented Earthquake in Meghalaya was on 7 April 1951 - 6.8 (TS) 20:29:12.40 UTC, 25.80N, 90.40E near Rongrenggre, which is a suburb of Williamna- gar, the district headquarters of East Garo Hills. 1.4 Demography Basic Facts Total Population 1,45,798 5 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 Population Density 96.11 (population/sq. km.) Sex Ratio 961 (females/1000 males) The population of East Garo Hills district consists of two major groups - tribal & non-tribal. The tribal population of the district amounts to 96.54 % of the total popula- tion. The majority of the tribal population are the Garos, while the other indigenous in- habitants are minority communities. The small non-tribal population, including the Scheduled Castes is mostly concentrated in the urban settlements of Williamnagar and semi-urban habitations like Rongjeng, Songsak & Rongsak. The distribution of popula- tion in the district is uneven and is mostly governed by topography. The population of the district is mainly concentrated in the flatter areas like Williamnagar and Rongjeng. Since the economy of the district is primarily agricultural, the topography and soil type have a great influence on the population distribution. Also the uneven topography which also influences factors such as accessibility to the areas, causes the low density of population in the interiors of the district. 1.5 Primary Census Abstract for East Garo Hills District (Census, 2011) Item Total Rural Urban Area (in sq. Km) 1517.00 1507.28 9.72 Households 26585 22333 4252 Population in the age group (0-6) Male 14247 12474 1773 Female 14043 12222 1821 6 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 Total 28290 24696 3594 Scheduled Castes Population Male 248 90 267 Female 162 53 158 Total 410 143 109 Scheduled Tribes Population Male 69925 59695 10230 Female 68554 57979 10575 Total 138479 117674 20805 Literates Population Male 44908 34940 9968 Female 37412 28422 8720 Total 82050 63362 18688 Total Workers Male 33414 27866 5548 Female 24914 23169 1745 Total 58328 51035 7293 7 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 Main Workers Male 28531 23451 5080 Female 12952 11589 1363 Total 41483 35040 6443 (i) Cultivators Male 18105 17720 385 Female 9630 9443 187 Total 27735 27163 572 (ii) Agricultural Workers Male 1891 1820 71 Female 1039 1008 31 Total 2930 2828 102 (iii) Household Industry Workers Male 209 178 31 Female 122 94 28 Total 331 272 59 (iv) Other Workers 8 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 Male 8326 3733 4593 Female 2161 1044 1777 Total 10487 4777 5710 Marginal Workers Male 4883 4415 468 Female 11962 11580 382 Total 16845 15995 850 (i) Marginal Cultivators Male 2216 2188 28 Female 7658 7531 127 Total 9874 9719 155 (ii) Marginal Agricultural Labourers Male 1405 1360 45 Female 3184 3152 32 Total 4589 4512 77 (iii) Marginal Household Industry Workers Male 140 124 16 9 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF EAST GARO HILLS DISTRICT FOR SAND MINING 2019 Female 244 220 24 Total 384 344 40 (iv) Marginal Other Workers Male 122 743 379 Female 876 677 199 Total 1998 1420 578 Non-Workers Male 40938 33751 7187 Female 46532 36415 10117 Total 87470 70166 17304 Source:- District Statistical Officer, Williamnagar. 1.6 Places of Tourist Interest There are several places in Garo Hills that can be developed for tourism. Some of them are of historical importance; others are important because of their association with the cultural traditions of the Garo people and many of them again have deservedly earned fame for their scenic beauty. Much of the area still remain untouched, retaining almost intact the original flora and fauna which should have more of the attention of the scientists, or even the ordinary lover of Nature. Tourism. If properly developed, could be a potentially rich source of revenue to the district as well as to the State.