Science... Sort Of
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Episode 30 Ryan: Alright guys, so should we should we start the show now? Patrick: Please? Charlie: Yeah, I need to have a drink. Patrick: No kidding. Ryan: I've been drinking this whole time, you guys are doing it wrong. Patrick: No, I'm just waiting for the proper time and place. Ryan: Okay. Charlie: I'm waiting for my own Pavlovian response. You'll get it soon enough. You know, I totally forgot to record my voice. Have I been sounding okay. Ryan: Your phone has been giving me issues this entire time. Patrick: That's unfortunate. Ryan: Yeah, like a, I hear like, little (makes repeating mechanical sound) thing. I sent a message about it, awhile ago, I didn't know if you got that or not. Charlie: It'll probably be okay. All right. Talk to you guys later. Ryan: Bye Charlie. Patrick: Later. Music Announcer: Hello, and welcome to Science sort of. Ryan: You are listening to Science sort of Episode 30. Brought to you by absolutely no one other than the Paleo Pals. Charlie. Charlie: Yeah, boy. Ryan: Patrick. Patrick: Hey, hey. Ryan: And me, Ryan. This is the show that brings you the science, things that are sort of science and the things that wish they were science. Today's theme because we couldn't come up with a better one, is another day, another podcast. Patrick: That's a great theme. Ryan: It works. It's functional. Scientists are all about utility Charlie: Sisyphean. Ryan: But we're going to start this week's show off like we always do with the all important, all consuming, literally about consumption, question. What are you drinking? Patrick? Patrick: Oh, have a have a great one here. We have a active Twitter follower and, and contributor via Twitter, whose handle is theblackestsheep. And she has encouraged us to check out this beer which is Black Sheep Ale. Ryan: And how is it? Patrick: Well, let's see here. It was difficult to open, I'll tell you that. So I've managed to do the, the old crack the rim around the top of the bottle trick. Ryan: Did you, did you use the, your kangaroo thing because that’s, that thing is tricky. Patrick: I did not. It's, it's a regular church key. Alright, here we go. Not bad at all. It's pretty good. Ryan: What type of beer is it? Patrick: Let's see. Black Sheep Ale, it claims it is crisp, dry and bittersweet. It also says it's the combination of five generations of brewing expertise, brewed at Blacksheep Brewing in Mash of North York Shire and nowhere else. Ryan: Alright. Patrick: And that's that's all the information I'm getting here. Ryan: Cool. Patrick: So. Charlie: Sounds good. Ryan: Yeah. Patrick: It is. It is actually. It is actually really good. Ryan: All right. Well, Charlie, what about you? What are you enjoying this evening? Charlie: I have a tumbler with three ice cubes, two squeezed limes, two shots of Sauza Hornitos Anejo. And a pour of soda water. Ryan: Said drink have a name? Charlie: Tequila pop. I don’t know what it's called. Laughter Patrick: Tequila sort of. Ryan: Perfect. Yes. The tequila sort of, all right. Yes. Charlie: It’s delicious. Ryan: Yes. I like that. I like the sound of that. You have to, you have to make it up some the next time we're all hanging out. Charlie: It's a margarita without the sugar, it tastes like the ocean. Ryan: Nice. Does it taste like a Noachian surface? Charlie: Yeah. Salty. Ryan: So lt yeah so Charlie is unwinding because he just had a big talk today that I went to. Charlie want to give him the, give him the cliff notes of your talk. I thought it was pretty interesting. Charlie: Yeah, so, on the oldest surfaces of Mars, they are called Noachian surfaces because they show a lot of evidence of water flowing over them and so Noachian is in reference to Noah’s flood. We see, we detect a lot of clays, and people have invoked these clays as evidence of a warm, wet period early in Mars’ history. But I had this idea that maybe they were just formed underground and impact craters dug them up during impact cratering events. And so my talk explored some quantitative, analytical models describing impact excavation. And it showed that it can distribute these clays over Noachian surfaces in such a manner that they match what we actually see on Mars quite nicely. So, they have some validity. Ryan: One of the greatest things I've ever seen at a talk happened during your talk today, Charlie. When you finish your talk, and it was, you know, are there any questions and Elise asked if it was possible that the clays were being destroyed by the impact heat of these, uh, you know, crater formation events. And with like, with no hesitation, Charlie goes, well, I didn't really have time to talk about it, but click and your next slide was that exact question. Charlie: And it even said, nope. Ryan: So it was just the smoothest answer to a scientific question I've ever seen. Patrick: Wow, that’s... Did you plant that? Charlie: Yeah, I paid that person in the audience. I slipped them two $20 bills. 5:00 Ryan: They were a plant. Charlie: Yeah, no, not really. I just figured that was I, I predicted that that would be the first question I would ask. So... Patrick: Using science, he was able to predict what questions would be asked. Ryan: And as usual science worked. Yeah, that was awesome. And then and then you've mentioned your research a little bit before where the person, the final silicates, where the person worried about where the final silicates were coming from? And somebody also asked that exact question too, again, during your talk. Charlie: Right. Yeah, this just addresses how they're distributed. Not how they're, not necessarily how they're formed. But, um, cool. What are you drinking Ryan? Ryan: I am drinking. So, I had, I kind of didn't have a choice for my drink because I bought this bottle of rum and I've been wanting to talk about it. But we only record once a week and this rum has barely lasted two. So I decided to finish off the bottle this evening. And it is Zaya Grand Reserva, 12 Your old rum from Trinidad. It is a really nice rum. It's not quite as nice as that rum we had at the crate place Charlie. Charlie: Okay. Ryan: But it is, I mean, I've been drinking it with just a just a tumbler with two ice cubes that's been perfect. Charlie: It’s in the same league though, maybe, that rum at crate place was an all star though. Ryan: The rum we had at the crate place was aged 23 years. So, and this has only been aged 12 years and aging really mellows out the rum. It's similar to to that rum we had, it's got that same subtle sweetness at the start of it but it really mellows out and isn't so sweet that it's kind of sickly. Charlie: Similar to humans too. Ryan: Yeah, but it's, anyway it's just been a really nice bottle of rum and it's just super easy. Like, you know, some days beers perfect. Some days a cocktail is perfect and some days you don't want to fuss with either that you just want to pour something into a glass and sip on it for a while. Let it be cool and wonderful and sweet. And this rum, this rum achieved that quite nicely and it wasn't prohibitively expensive either. So I recommend it, Zaya. Zaya. Patrick: Right on. Ryan: Yeah. So with that out of the way we should talk about other things that get inhaled. No, that doesn't, does that work, is that a transition? What is this a podcast? Patrick: Ah, how about other things that can affect your brain? Ryan: Oh, really? I was going to your story first. Patrick: Well, I'm just saying, that's a better transition. I don't care which order we do these in. Ryan: Oh, yeah, you're right. That's a way better transition. Yeah. Charlie: Other things that affect your brain and change your moral judgement. Ryan: I was just going to say, speaking of things that disrupt moral reasoning. Patrick: Yeah, there we go. Ryan: Alright, that sounds... Music Ryan: My story this week is a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science by Leanne Young, from MIT in Cambridge. And the title of the story is “Disruption of the right temporal parietal junction with transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces the role of beliefs in moral judgments”. Patrick: Explain. Ryan: I will explain. I think that's that's necessary. So it using some functional MRI scanning also called fMRI, we can tell that when people are thinking about moral judgments, certain areas of their brain light up. Patrick: Well, give us an example of a moral judgment. Ryan: The example used in the study is you're at a chemical plant and your you're getting coffee. And they're, your friend asked for some sugar and you hand them this thing that says toxic written on it, but it could be sugar.