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Revista Investigaciones Marinas Artículo Original revista de investigaciones marinas REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS Centro de Investigaciones Marinas Universidad de La Habana http://www.cim.uh.cu/rim/ ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL GASTRÓPODOS, BIVALVOS Y POLYPLACÓFOROS MARINOS DEL PARQUE NACIONAL LOS CAIMANES, VILLA CLARA, CUBA Marines gastropodes, bivalves and chitons of Los Caimanes National Park, Villa Clara, Cuba Liliana O. Quesada Pérez1 y Ángel Quirós Espinosa1 1 Parque Nacional los RESUMEN Caimanes, Centro de Sobre la base de colectas en diferentes regiones del Parque Nacional Estudios y Servicios Los Caimanes, se confeccionó una lista de las especies de moluscos Ambientales de Villa Clara. marinos que habitan esta área protegida. Se registran 293 especies, 55 de ellas nuevas para el parque nacional y la provincia. De los * Autor para correspondencia: nuevos registros, 28 son gastrópodos, 15 bivalvos y 12 poliplacófo- [email protected] ros; estos últimos no reportados anteriormente. Se considera que el Parque Nacional Los Caimanes se mantiene aún submuestreado Recibido:11.6.2015 Aceptado:15.9.16 para este phylum. PALABRAS CLAVES: áreas marinas protegidas, biodiversidad. ABSTraCT On basis of collections at different regions of the Los Caimanes Na- tional Park, a list of marine mollusks that inhabit this protected area was elaborated. Were registered 293 species, 55 of them are new for the national park and the province. From the new records, 28 are gastro- pods, 15 bivalves and 12 chitons. The National Park Los Caimanes is then considered sub sampled for this phylum. KEY WORDS: Marine protected areas, biodiversity. REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 36 • No. 1 • ENERO-JUNIO • 2016 • pp. 135-157 MOLUSCOS MARINOS DEL PARQUE LOS CAIMANES, VILLA CLARA, CUBA 136 Quesada • Quirós Tabla 1. Hábitat muestreados en las ocho áreas del INTRODUCCIÓN Parque Nacional Los Caimanes y métodos empleados Las áreas marinas protegidas (AMP) son territorios marinos, en ocasiones con tierras Hábitat Método de muestreo emergidas, especialmente consagradas a la Directo con buceo autónomo y en apnea. protección y mantenimiento de la diversidad Arrecifes someros Directo con raspado de rocas Indirecto con fotografía biológica, y de recursos naturales y cultura- Directo con buceo autónomo y en apnea. les asociados, administrada por medios jurí- Arrecifes profundos Directo con raspado de rocas dicos u otros medios eficaces (IUCN, 1994). Indirecto con fotografía El Parque Nacional Los Caimanes es un Directo con buceo autónomo y en apnea. Rastra de 70 cm de barrido y malla de 4 AMP que ha sido manejada y administra- Pastos marinos mm (para megazoobentos) da desde el 2002 por el Centro de Estudios Indirecto con fotografía y Servicios Ambientales de Villa Clara Directo con buceo autónomo y en apnea. (Quirós et al., 2004). Arenazos Indirecto con rastra de 70 cm de barrido En este parque nacional se destaca una y malla de 4 mm (para megazoobentos) evidente alta biodiversidad marina y gran Directo con buceo autónomo y en apnea. Roca desnuda Directo con raspado de rocas variedad paisajística, y desde el inventa- Indirecto con fotografía rio de moluscos marinos que aparece en Directo Litoral rocoso el primer plan de manejo (Quirós et al., Indirecto con fotografía 2004), no se habían profundizado las pes- Tanatocenosis Directo quisas para aumentar el conocimiento de este segmento de la biota en el lugar, in- hectáreas de tierras emergidas en forma dependientemente de que este grupo tie- de cayos (1,14 km2). Las tierras emergidas ne una gran importancia ecológica por ser constituyen apenas el 0.04 % de la super- uno de los numéricamente dominantes en- ficie total, por lo que se considera un área tre las comunidades de invertebrados ma- protegida estrictamente marina, (Quirós rinos macrobentónicos (Espinosa, 2006). et al., 2010). Este artículo tiene el objetivo de presen- Se realizaron un total de 2 expedicio- tar una lista de los moluscos marinos de nes al parque nacional: 15-23 febrero de esta área protegida. 2010 y 20-25 de mayo de 2010, y se mues- trearon ocho zonas someras (hasta 30 m) MATERIALES Y METODOS de las determinadas por la administración El Parque Nacional Los Caimanes se en- del parque. Se muestrearon seis hábitats: cuentra situado en el archipiélago Sabana- arrecifes someros (AS), arrecifes profun- Camagüey, hacia el centro-norte de la isla dos (AP), pastos marinos de Thalassia de Cuba (Fig.1). Su territorio se extien- (PM), arenazos (FA), roca desnuda (FR) y de por la plataforma insular desde Villa litoral rocoso (LR), además de las tanatoce- Clara hasta Ciego de Ávila. En el entor- nosis (T) en las playas (tabla 1). no cercano del parque se ubican cayos y Para la identificación de las especies bahías que poseen la mayor importancia se emplearon obras tradicionales, como para consideraciones de manejo, según lo Warmke y Abbott (1962), Abbott (1974), refiere su propio plan de manejo (Quiróset Vokes y Vokes (1983), Jong y Coomans al., 2010). Tiene una extensión de 28 717 (1988), y Abbot y Morris (1995). Se siguió hectáreas sumergidas (287,17 km2) y 114 el ordenamiento taxonómico de Espinosa REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 36 • No. 1 • ENERO-JUNIO • 2016 • pp. 135-157 MOLUSCOS MARINOS DEL PARQUE LOS CAIMANES, VILLA CLARA, CUBA 137 Quesada • Quirós Fig. 1. Parque Nacional Los Caimanes y zona muestreada. et al. (1994), aunque también se revisó se le asignó un número consecutivo. En el Espinosa et al. (1995). caso de ser un nuevo reporte para el par- que nacional, se señaló en una columna po- La autoría de las categorías taxonómi- niendo la marca §. En filas adicionales se cas se tomaron de los identificadores nom- consignó la ubicación taxonómica (subclase, brados anteriormente, así como de Alonso superorden, orden, suborden, superfamilia e Ibáñez (1993), Ortea y Espinosa (1998), y y familia, subfamilia). En la lista, para ca- Camacho et al. (2010), y cotejadas con el si- da especie, se consignó el hábitat donde fue tio web WoRMS.com, del que también se to- colectada. mó la validez de las especies. A cada especie RESULTADOS Tabla 2. Comparación entre los nuevos registros de mo- Se obtuvo una lista con un total de 293 es- luscos marinos y los anteriores en el Parque Nacional Los Caimanes. NRP: nuevo reporte para el parque nacional. pecies, 55 de ellas nuevas para el parque nacional (señaladas con §). De los nuevos Clase Anterior Actual NRP registros, 28 son gastrópodos, 15 bivalvos y Gastropoda 183 211 28 12 poliplacóforos (tabla 2). Bivalvia 55 70 15 La lista de especies que quedan registra- Polyplacophora 0 12 12 das para el Parque Nacional Los Caimanes Totales 238 293 55 es la siguiente: REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 36 • No. 1 • ENERO-JUNIO • 2016 • pp. 135-157 MOLUSCOS MARINOS DEL PARQUE LOS CAIMANES, VILLA CLARA, CUBA 138 Quesada • Quirós Clase GASTROPODA Cuvier, 1797 Subclase Patellogastropoda Lindberg, 1986 Superfamilia Lottioidea Gray, 1840 Familia Lottiidae Gray, 1840 Subfamilia Lottiinae Gray, 1840 Género Lottia Gray, 1833 Lottia antillarum (Sowerby, 1831) LR L. cubensis (Reeve, 1855) § LR L. jamaicensis (Gmelin, 1791) § LR L. leucopleura (Gmelin, 1791) LR Subfamilia Patteloidinae Chapman y Gabriel, 1923 Género Patelloida Quoy y Gaimard, 1834 Patelloida pustulata (Helbling, 1779) LR Subclase Orthogastropoda Ponder y Lindberg, 1995 Orden Vetigastropoda Salvini-Pläwen, 1980 Superfamilia Fissurelloidea Fleming, 1822 Familia Fissurellidae Fleming, 1822 Subfamilia Fissurellinae Fleming, 1822 Género Fissurella Bruguiére, 1788 Fissurella fascicularis Lamarck, 1822 LR F. angusta (Gmelin, 1791) LR F. barbadensis (Gmelin, 1791) LR F. barbouri Pèrez Farfante, 1943 § FR, LR F. nodosa (Born, 1778) LR F. rosea (Gmelin, 1791) FR, LR Género Lucapina Sowerby, 1835 Lucapina sowerbii (Sowerby, 1835) FR, LR L. suffusa (Reeve, 1850) LR, FR Género Lucapinella Pilsbry, 1890 Lucapinella limatula (Reeve, 1850) LR Subfamilia Emarginulinae Children, 1834 Género Emarginula Lamarck, 1801 Emarginula phrixodes Dall, 1927 § FR Género Hemiemarginula McLean, 2011 Hemiemarginula pumila (A. Adams, 1851) T Género Hemitoma Swainson, 1840 Hemitoma octoradiata (Gmelin, 1791) LR Género Montfortia Récluz, 1843 Montfortia emarginata (Blainville, 1825) § T Subfamilia Diodorinae Gray, 1821 Género Diodora Gay, 1821 Diodora cayenensis (Lamarck, 1822) LR, FR D. jaumei Aguayo y Rehder, 1936 LR, FR REVISTA INVESTIGACIONES MARINAS RNPS: 2096 • ISSN: 1991-6086• VOL. 36 • No. 1 • ENERO-JUNIO • 2016 • pp. 135-157 MOLUSCOS MARINOS DEL PARQUE LOS CAIMANES, VILLA CLARA, CUBA 139 Quesada • Quirós D. listeri (Orbigny, 1842) LR, FR D. meta (von Ihering, 1927) § FR D. viridula (Lamarck, 1822) LR D. minuta (Lamarck, 1822) T Superfamilia Trochoidea Rafinesque, 1815 Familia Tegulidae Kuroda, Habe y Oyama, 1971 Subfamilia Tegulinae Kuroda, Habe y Oyama, 1971 Género Tegula Lesson, 1835 Tegula excavata (Lamarck, 1822) PM, LR T. fasciata (Born, 1778) LR T. lividomaculata (C. B. Adams, 1845) PM, LR Género Cittarium Philippi, 1847 Cittarium pica (Linnaeus, 1758) FR, LR Familia Calliostomatidae Theile, 1929 Género Calliostoma Sawainson, 1840 Calliostoma javanicum (Lamarck, 1822) § FR C. jujubinum (Gmelin, 1791) FR C. pulchrum (C. B. Adams, 1850) FR Familia Turbinidae Rafinesque, 1815 Subfamilia Tubininae Rafinesque, 1815 Género Turbo Linnaeus, 1758 Turbo castanea (Gmelin, 1791) PM T. cailletii Fischer y Bernardi, 1856 PM Género Astralium Link, 1807 Astralium phoebium (Röding, 1798) PM Género Lithopoma Gray, 1850 Lithopoma tectum (Lightfoot, 1786) § PM L.
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