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Dacora, Dacora Werk, Munchen, Germany. Daguerre, France. J.H.Dallmeyer,19, Bloomsbury St to 1889

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Dacora, Dacora Werk, Munchen, Germany. Daguerre, France. J.H.Dallmeyer,19, Bloomsbury St to 1889 Dacora, Dacora Werk, Munchen, Germany. Dignar f2.8 45mm It is a triplet, at least on the 1958 version. Color Subitar f2.8 45mm on Dacora CC in the early 1960's. Dignar F4.5 on Dacora Record, about 1954. Dacora Anastigmat f6.3 75mm There was also a f3.5 version. Dacora Achromat This was the low price option on the Digna and Color-Digna. Color Subitar f2.8 45mm This was fitted on many models in early 1960's. It may mark the beginning of the use of rare earth glass? These lenses seem to have been fitted to all their cameras in the 1950's, and were commonly in UK shop windows at the time. Later they seem to have used lenses from Rodenstock, such as Trinon Lanthan on the Super Dignette 500 SR and also from ISCO. Daguerre, France. His choice of the achromatic meniscus was a major factor in the early success of photography. During the development he was in contact with Chevalier regarding lenses, and after the launch, the main concern of users was the long exposures needed, up to 15min or more. These were reduced by the use of mixed halides, where Goddard (UK) and Claudet were involved, as well as probably workers in Austria. After the process was published, Petzval was asked in Austria to design a faster lens and came up with the Portrait lens, f3.7 in place of the former meniscus lenses at f11 or so. The combination of these improvements gave some 1000x increase in speed. The announcement of the process was Jan 1839, detailed in August 1839 and Goddard introduced bromine with the iodine in 1840. The process was replaced effectively by the wet plate process in 1851-1854. One of the original Giroux cameras with Daguerre's signature was in the Kodak collection at Harrow and came from the French Cromer collection which left France in 1941 just ahead of the Occupation. Then Mr B.Coe said there were 2 in France and 4 in the UK, 2 in Germany and one in the IMP/GEH collection and one in the Smithsonian in Washington, DC. This will be a fair proportion of the surviving Giroux lenses. J.H.Dallmeyer,19, Bloomsbury St to 1889. The firm was originally established at 19, Bloomsbury St. WC and later at Denzil Works Neasden, London NW. He moved to 25, Newman St, London W about 1888 "as the old Establishment was too small". About 1900, it was selling from 25, Newman St. and sales were later from: Sales: 31, Mortimer St., London W1. Church End Works,Dallmeyer Rd., High Rd. Willesden, London, NW10. Also today as Watchams Electrooptics, Radlett Rd. Watford, Herts., UK. USA: Medo Photo Supply Co 15 West 47 St, N.Y., USA. Sales were concentrated on the Church End Works at the end of the War as noted in the MCM Dec 1945. This was sold in the 1980's and the factory and surround (?telephone exchange?, courthouse?) flattened about 1990, when a new road Dallmeyer Road was created, and the site was used for industrial development, eg. of soft drinks factory and by Dent-o-Care Ltd., at 7, Cygnus Centre, Dalmeyer Road- suggesting Willesden Council were economical over the "L". Dallmeyer is still active in 1997, but not in retail sales. The site of the Williamson camera works was converted to a bus garage and the C&P works may also have changed. J.H.Dallmeyer was born at Loxten, Westphalia, in 1830, and worked in Osnabruck with an optician until moving to London in 1851, working for W.Hewitt who then joined Ross with his team. J.H.Dallmeyer worked for A. Ross, then left him and later rejoined in a more senior post as adviser. Later he married Ross's second daughter, Hannah, and continued with him to his death in 1859. He inherited as a result one third of Ross's fortune, and his telescope making business, which he changed to photo lenses. He did make photo-heliographs up to about 1873 as a side line. While he was with Ross, he may have been responsible for the development of the Orthographic due to his German background, and he proved to be a fine maker and also one of the most innovative designers. An early assistant was a Mr M.P.Tench (about 1867-1874) who left later to make cameras. The date of the Dallmeyer beginning will be about 1859-1860 and is officially taken as 1860 in company publications. Thus he probably fitted Waterhouse stops to all his lenses from the beginning. Much of the emphasis of the adverts. was certainly on better and faster portrait lenses and large format field lenses such as the triple and meniscus and later RR. J.H.Dallmeyer died in 1883. The business then was suffering from competition and imitation, some of it very blatant and a note in B.J.P. 12/03/1880, cited in 14/03/1980 refers to 'spurious vile imitations' and these fictitious lenses bear some remblance to the real thing and even being engraved with the name are generally found to lack the serial number which all genuine ones bear. However in B.J.P. 07/06/1878 cited 09/06/1978 p506 the lens was a common French landscape engraved 'Dallmvers 3B 3880 AB Patent' which apart from the misspelling was obviously not of Dallmeyer's quality but still might deceive the innocent. But one solution was to initiate new products. Here his son T.R.Dallmeyer was also very effective, and launched a novelty in the telephoto lenses which became a major feature of the sales for many years. They also made quality anastigmats in the form of the Stigmatics, but these were rather less able to penetrate a market by then well supplied by other makers. JHD Period: Petzvals 1860 Quick Acting Portrait f4.0 5-16in 45° Layout Da002/Q3 This was a "Petzval with improved spherical correction." Fig 024 016 Dallmeyer Portrait Petzval Lens No26,388 about 9in with Waterhouse stops. Fig 024 017 Dallmeyer Petzval Portrait lens No11,950 nearer 6in with Waterhouse stops. It is probably this lens which is described in detail in van Monckhoven's 1866 book, listing the glasses as those in the Triple Meniscus below and giving the curves. This is slightly imprecise as there seem to be two crowns in the triple and no indication that they are both used in the Portrait. In order of light meeting them, the glasses are Crown, Flint, Flint, Crown. It worked at f4 maximum. The front cell used alone gave a sharp brilliant axial image with a very curved field away from the centre. The rear cell is designed to extend the focal legth of rays outside the axis to flatten the image, and to correct the spherical aberration of the front cell. The first correction was difficult but it is the rear negative which is able to do this. The rear is then adjusted to correct spherical aberration. The front cell is made smaller than the rear to even up the illumination and to avoid increasing the diameter of the rear which in turn makes the spherical aberration correction more difficult. This also prevented the further flattening of the image. He expects the image at full aperture f5 or f6 to extend only to some 33% of the focal length, but stopping down increases this to about half the focal length at f11 and more at f20-f30. Distortion is small and should not be a problem. Van Monckhoven says the front cell is considered for use reversed and at the rear as a meniscus- but does not have the ideal form (as the rear is too flat) and can never be good. 1860 Quick Acting Stereo Landscape f8.0,f10 4.5-8.0in (5 sizes) Achromatic meniscus. These may be like those auctioned at Nos32,803 and 32,804, which were meniscus lenses. 1860 New Stereoscopic Lens f4.0 4.5in Waterhouse stops for stereo c.3.5x4.5in or the front cell could be used alone as a meniscus of 6in for one plate 4.5x7.5in. This seems to have been used on a Hare Universal camera this way. They were probably Petzvals from the information. Petzval Portrait Versions 1860-61 Extra Quick Acting Portrait f2.2 1.6, 3, 4.5, 6, 8in Da003 This is scarce at least, being made especially for portraits of children. The greater speed meant a narrower angle was covered. It was fitted to "Mr Skaif's Pistol camera"(1858). Fast early lenses were also used on the 12 lens/12camera outfit used by E. Muybridge for motion studies as noted in a B.J.P. review (14.03/1980) of Muybridge's 'Complete Human and Animal Locomotion' Constable, London 3 vol 1980(?). The cameras were mainly used rather later (1870's?) and are mentioned as using Projection lenses and as 1872 below. 1861 EQAP version f1.1 version for medallion camera 1866 Patent Portrait Petzval cf3.7 Here the rear glasses were reversed and the outer was mounted so that it could be unscrewed for soft focus. It was a real novelty for the period. This is now one of the half-easy ones to find and must have sold well for many years to be so common. Layout Da001. One note says it was made in f3, f4 and f6 versions. The angle covered was given as 50-55°. It was often copied by other makers.
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