Rabbi Michael Siegel & Rabbi Shai Held
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Asherah in the Hebrew Bible and Northwest Semitic Literature Author(S): John Day Source: Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol
Asherah in the Hebrew Bible and Northwest Semitic Literature Author(s): John Day Source: Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol. 105, No. 3 (Sep., 1986), pp. 385-408 Published by: The Society of Biblical Literature Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3260509 . Accessed: 11/05/2013 22:44 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The Society of Biblical Literature is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of Biblical Literature. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 143.207.2.50 on Sat, 11 May 2013 22:44:00 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions JBL 105/3 (1986) 385-408 ASHERAH IN THE HEBREW BIBLE AND NORTHWEST SEMITIC LITERATURE* JOHN DAY Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University, England, OX2 6QA The late lamented Mitchell Dahood was noted for the use he made of the Ugaritic and other Northwest Semitic texts in the interpretation of the Hebrew Bible. Although many of his views are open to question, it is indisputable that the Ugaritic and other Northwest Semitic texts have revolutionized our understanding of the Bible. One matter in which this is certainly the case is the subject of this paper, Asherah.' Until the discovery of the Ugaritic texts in 1929 and subsequent years it was common for scholars to deny the very existence of the goddess Asherah, whether in or outside the Bible, and many of those who did accept her existence wrongly equated her with Astarte. -
15. Bible Marking
LESSON FIFTEEN Hezekiah: The Challenge from Assyria Quote: “He trusted in the LORD God of Israel; so that after him was none like him among all the kings of Judah, nor any that were before him. For he clave to the LORD, and departed not from following him, but kept his commandments, which the LORD commanded Moses.” 2 Kings 18:5, 6 Bible Marking Hezekiah - 2 Kings 18 2 Kings 18:1 - “Hezekiah” - Means “strengthened of Yahweh”. It was only through Yahweh’s strength that the reformation was accomplished, that Hezekiah was healed, and that Assyria was defeated. So great was Hezekiah, that we are given 3 records of his life (Kings, Chronicles and Isaiah). A Reformation on Divine Principles Mark above & “Ahaz” - Means “possessor”, ie. a selfish man, below 2 Kg 18 who was Judah’s worst king Ahaz had given himself over to idolatry, following the examples of those who had left the truth (2 Chron 28:1-2), and 2 Kings 18:2 - “Abi” - The margin has - ‘Abijah, of the world in general (2 Kg 16:3, 10-11). He therefore made 2 Chron 29:1’. “Abijah” means “Yah is Father”. Judah “naked” in the sight of Yahweh, and “transgressed sore She appears to be the inspiration for Hezekiah to against Yahweh” (2 Chron 28:19). Now Hezekiah brought devote his life to the service of Yahweh. See about a reformation upon Divine principles. He turned the Prov 22:6. people back to Yahweh and His Word and to the Pioneers of “Zachariah” - Means “Yahweh hath remembered” the truth (David, Asaph and Gad and Nathan etc). -
Serpent Symbols and Salvation in the Ancient Near East and the Book of Mormon
Journal of Book of Mormon Studies Volume 10 Number 2 Article 8 7-31-2001 Serpent Symbols and Salvation in the Ancient Near East and the Book of Mormon Andrew C. Skinner Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jbms BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Skinner, Andrew C. (2001) "Serpent Symbols and Salvation in the Ancient Near East and the Book of Mormon," Journal of Book of Mormon Studies: Vol. 10 : No. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jbms/vol10/iss2/8 This Feature Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Book of Mormon Studies by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Title Serpent Symbols and Salvation in the Ancient Near East and the Book of Mormon Author(s) Andrew C. Skinner Reference Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 10/2 (2001): 42–55, 70–71. ISSN 1065-9366 (print), 2168-3158 (online) Abstract The serpent is often used to represent one of two things: Christ or Satan. This article synthesizes evi- dence from Egypt, Mesopotamia, Phoenicia, Greece, and Jerusalem to explain the reason for this duality. Many scholars suggest that the symbol of the serpent was used anciently to represent Jesus Christ but that Satan distorted the symbol, thereby creating this para- dox. The dual nature of the serpent is incorporated into the Old Testament, the New Testament, and the Book of Mormon. erpent ymbols & SSalvation in the ancient near east and the book of mormon andrew c. -
Heshbon (Modern Hesbdn) Is Located in Transj Ordan
THE HISTORY OF HESHBON FROM LITERARY SOURCES * WERNER VYHMEISTER River Plate College, Puiggari, Entre Rios, Argentina Heshbon (modern Hesbdn) is located in Transjordan, about 20 miles east of the Jordan where it enters the Dead Sea. The remains of the old city are covered now by two hills, 2,930 and 2,954 feet above sea level respectively. According to the latest available statistics (from 1961), the village of Hesbdn has 718 inhabitants. Heshbon in OT Times Heshbon appears for the first time in the Biblical record as the capital city of Sihon, the Amorite king defeated by Moses. However, the region in which Heshbon was located is mentioned much earlier in the Bible. In Gn 14:5, Chedor- laomer and his confederates appear as smiting successively the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh Kiriathaim (i.e., the plain of Kiria- thaim). Kiriathaim has been identified with el-Qerei ydt, about five miles northwest of Dhz'bdn. It appears together with Heshbon in Num 32:37 among the cities rebuilt by the This article is a condensation of a B.D. thesis covering the same subject, deposited in the James White Library of Andrews University. * "Heshbon," Encyclopaedia Biblica, eds. T. K. Cheyne and J. S. Black, I1 (London, I~OI),col. 2044. "mi Dajani, director of the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Letter to the author, December 12, 1966. 8 Num 21 :21 ff. 4 Siegfried H. Horn et al., Seventh-day Adventist Bible Dictionary (Washington, D. C., 1960)~p. -
The Bronze Snake
Lesson 12 The Bronze Snake Numbers 20:1-21:9 Numbers 20 And the people of Israel, the whole congregation, came into the wilderness of Zin in the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh. And Miriam died there and was buried there. 2 Now there was no water for the congregation. And they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron. 3 And the people quarreled with Moses and said, “Would that we had perished when our brothers perished before the LORD! 4 Why have you brought the assembly of the LORD into this wilderness, that we should die here, both we and our cattle? 5 And why have you made us come up out of Egypt to bring us to this evil place? It is no place for grain or figs or vines or pomegranates, and there is no water to drink.” 6 Then Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the assembly to the entrance of the tent of meeting and fell on their faces. And the glory of the LORD appeared to them, 7 and the LORD spoke to Moses, saying, 8 “Take the staff, and assemble the congregation, you and Aaron your brother, and tell the rock before their eyes to yield its water. So you shall bring water out of the rock for them and give drink to the congregation and their cattle.” 9 And Moses took the staff from before the LORD, as he commanded him. 10 Then Moses and Aaron gathered the assembly together before the rock, and he said to them, “Hear now, you rebels: shall we bring water for you out of this rock?” 11 And Moses lifted up his hand and struck the rock with his staff twice, and water came out abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their livestock. -
“God So Loved the World,” Lent 4, Mar. 11, 2018, FPC Marshfield. the Rev. Dr. Janet E. Wolfe Texts: Num
“God So Loved the World,” Lent 4, Mar. 11, 2018, FPC Marshfield. The Rev. Dr. Janet E. Wolfe Texts: Num. 21:4-9, (Ps. 107:1-3,17-22, Eph. 2:1-10), John 3:14-21 John 3:16-17 are probably some of the best known verses in the New Testament. We have already heard them in the anthem, one of the best known musical settings, from 19th century British composer John Stainer in his “Crucifixion,” as well as the Gospel reading. You see it on billboards and banners. Most of us have memorized it. However, the popular interpretation of it is probably not where we want to go with it today. It is not about you, not about individuals, nor is it only about going to heaven after we die. It is about God’s love for the world as we find it now, full of contradictions and evil. It is about systems of government and empires that are often unjust, what theologian Walter Wink calls “domination systems.” Eternal life is not only about a life to come after death, but a life abundant in Jesus Christ right now. We need to look at the context in which we find verses 16 and 17. First, it is set in the middle of the story of the encounter between Jesus and Nicodemus. Nicodemus, a Pharisee and a leader of the Jews, had developed an interest in Jesus’ teachings, so he came to him by night, probably out of fear of what his colleagues would think. By the time the Gospel of John was written, probably in the late 1st century, there was considerable animosity between the followers of Jesus and other Jewish sects. -
Set out Across the Wadi Arnon! See, I Give Into Your Power Sihon, King of Heshbon, and His Land
WAR AND PEACE, JEWISH STYLE Up! Set out across the wadi Arnon! See, I give into your power Sihon, king of Heshbon, and his land. Begin the occupation; engage him in battle. --- Deut. 2:24 Then I sent messengers...to Sihon, king of Heshbon, with an offer of peace... --- Deut. 2:26 I also charged Joshua at that time, saying...Do not fear them, for it is the Lord your God who will battle for you. --- Deut. 3:21-22 Although the Omnipresent had not commanded me to proclaim peace unto Sihon, I learned to do so from what happened in the wilderness of Sinai, i.e. from an incident that relates to the Torah which pre-existed the world. For when the Holy One, blessed be He, was about to give it (the Torah) to Israel, he took it round to Esau and Ishmael. It was manifest before Him that they would not accept it, but yet He opened unto them with peace. Similarly I first approached Sihon with words of peace. — Another explanation: Moses said to God, "I learned this from You…You could have sent one flash of lightning to burn up the Egyptians, but You sent me from the wilderness to Pharaoh, to say gently, Let my people go. --- Rashi, based on Yalkut Shimoni 764:27. The verses come out of order. It is as if Moses had referred to what preceded the Divine command to engage in battle: “I had (previously) sent messengers with an offer of peace. --- Nachmanides. Moses did not go to war without first sending messengers of peace. -
1 Quiz Sheet 2020
QUIZ SHEET 2020 - HEZEKIAH Suggested age range 5-11 years; children in the lower end of the age group may need extra support. This year’s quiz looks at some incidents in the life of King Hezekiah. You can read about him in three different books of the Bible. There will be references given to help you in answering the questions. 2 Kings 18–20 2 Chronicles 29–32 Isaiah 36–39. Section 1 – who was Hezekiah? 1. What were the names of Hezekiah’s mother and father? 2 Kings 18.1–2 ___________________ and __________________ 2. How old was Hezekiah when he began to reign? Circle the correct answer. 2 Kings 18.2 23 29 25 3. Discover the first thing that Hezekiah did when he became King of Judah by using the words below to fill in the verse underneath. BRAKE CUT DOWN BRAKE IN PIECES ‘He removed the high places, and __________ the images, and _______________ the groves, and____________________________ the brasen serpent that Moses had made: for unto those days the children of Israel did burn incense to it: and he called it Nehushtan.’ 2 Kings 18.4 4. Where did King Hezekiah place his trust? 2 Kings 18.5 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1 Section 2 - Sennacherib and the siege of Jerusalem 1. What were the names of the three men whom Sennacherib, the king of Assyria sent to King Hezekiah? Please read 2 Kings 18.17–18 to answer these two questions a) ____________________ b) _____________________ c) _____________________ 2. What were the occupations of the three men who came out from King Hezekiah to hear their message? a) _____________________ b) _____________________ c) _____________________ 3. -
Snakes Aplenty PPC Lent 4B Numbers 21:4-9 14 March 2021 John 3:1-21
Snakes Aplenty PPC Lent 4B Numbers 21:4-9 14 March 2021 John 3:1-21 In the movie Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark, Indy goes to Nepal to find Marion, the daughter of his old archaeology professor, to get her help in his pursuit of the lost ark. He is desperate to find the ark before the Nazis, who are actively looking for it, find it. Unfortunately, in this part of the journey, he believes he witnesses the death of Marion. Undeterred, he goes on to Cairo, determined to be the one who finds the lost ark, the box that holds the Ten Commandments. Outside of Cairo, he comes to the Nazi excavation site know as the Well of Souls, a dark and dank underground chamber. There, in the darkness, he finds Marion alive. The two of them start to leave this place when suddenly they find themselves surrounded by deadly snakes. These snakes are a squirming, wiggling, mass of reptilian flesh. Indy starts to clear the area of them by using burning torches. The task seems endless and hopeless. In the midst of this writhing mass of snakes, Indy speaks his famous line, “Snakes…I hate snakes.” If I met such a mass of snakes, I would want to have Indiana Jones by my side. I don’t like snakes and I would freak out by that many surrounding me! Snakes were, and are, symbolic of our deepest, most ominous, fears. This story in Numbers describes an event in the lives of the wandering Israelites much like Indy finds in the Well of Souls. -
Joshua 12:1–24 1These Are the Kings of the Land Whom the Children of Israel Defeated, and Whose Land They Possessed on the Ot
The Deed to the Property Week 24 Last week, Kim brought us a powerful teaching on Joshua, chapter 11. I love her three main points, 1) God gives us specific instructions to defeat our enemies. 2) God gives us spiritual riches to sustain us daily and 3) God gives us rest from our spiritual battles. Those are the most encouraging and powerful truths, those truths give us the oomph to keep moving forward when we are tired, done, exhausted or feeling defeated. Thank you Kim! Now, we get to see the Israelites get the “deed to the property” and we get to hear a recount of the victories that God has provided. How sweet this must have been to the Israelites. They are not done yet as we will find out in upcoming chapters but they have taken the major cities and defeated the kings, giving them control of the Land of Milk and Honey. Joshua 12:1–24 1These are the kings of the land whom the children of Israel defeated, and whose land they possessed on the other side of the Jordan toward the rising of the sun, from the River Arnon to Mount Hermon, and all the eastern Jordan plain: 2One king was Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon and ruled half of Gilead, from 1 Aroer, which is on the bank of the River Arnon, from the middle of that river, even as far as the River Jabbok, which is the border of the Ammonites, 3and the eastern Jordan plain from the Sea of Chinneroth as far as the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), the road to Beth Jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah. -
3/14/21 Delving Deeper Scripture Lesson
March 14 - Title: Confess . Numbers 21 When the Canaanite king of Arad, who lived in the Negev, heard that Israel was coming along the road to Atharim, he attacked the Israelites and captured some of them. 2 Then Israel made this vow to the LORD : “If you will deliver these people into our hands, we will totally destroy their cities.” 3 The LORD listened to Israel’s plea and gave the Canaanites over to them. They completely destroyed them and their towns; so the place was named Hormah. The Bronze Snake 4 They traveled from Mount Hor along the route to the Red Sea, to go around Edom. But the people grew impatient on the way; 5 they spoke against God and against Moses, and said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? There is no bread! There is no water! And we detest this miserable food!” 6 Then the LORD sent venomous snakes among them; they bit the people and many Israelites died. 7 The people came to Moses and said, “We sinned when we spoke against the LORD and against you. Pray that the LORD will take the snakes away from us.” So Moses prayed for the people. 8 The LORD said to Moses, “Make a snake and put it up on a pole; anyone who is bitten can look at it and live.” 9 So Moses made a bronze snake and put it up on a pole. Then when anyone was bitten by a snake and looked at the bronze snake, they lived. -
Between the Rivers Arnon and Jabbok
BETWEEN THE RIVERS ARNON AND JABBOK REUVEN CHAIM (RUDOLPH) KLEIN In analyzing the Bible’s account of the Israelites’ early encounters with the Amorites (under the leadership of Sihon, king of Heshbon), one will notice that there is seemingly a contradiction between the account in Numbers and the account in the book of Judges. From Numbers, it seems that the area be- tween the rivers Arnon and Jabbok was originally Moabite territory, and was subsequently conquered by Sihon, who in turn lost the land to the Israelites. However, when the book of Judges recounts this incident in a dialog between Jephthah and the king of Ammon, it seems that the territory had originally belonged to the Ammonites, not the Moabites. In Numbers, the Bible states: From thence they journeyed, and pitched on the other side of the Arnon, which is in the wilderness, that cometh out of the border of the Amorites. For Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites . And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, saying: ‘Let me pass through thy land; we will not turn aside into field, or into vineyard; we will not drink of the water of the wells; we will go by the king’s highway, until we have passed thy border.’ And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness, and came to Jahaz; and he fought against Israel. And Israel smote him with the edge of the sword, and possessed his land from the Arnon unto the Jabbok, unto the children of Ammon; for the border of the children of Ammon was strong.