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October 2012 Orchid Growers’ Guild of Madison Website Orchidguild.Org October 2012 Orchid Growers’ Guild of Madison Website orchidguild.org NEXT MEETING OCTOBER 21st “Bright Spots of Modern Conservation” Our speaker this month is Joe Meisel. He is vice- president of the Ceiba Foundation, based in Madi- son (ceiba.org), a tropical conservation organiza- tion with projects in Ecuador, South America that include the El Pahuma Orchid Reserve. Some OGG members heard him give a talk at the Mid-American meetings in Milwaukee last Meeting Dates year. He spoke about the conservation successes that Ceiba and October 21 - Meeting Room other national and international groups are having in the protec- November 18 - Orchids December 16 - Meeting Room tion of orchids and their habitats. January 20, 2013 - Meeting Room February 17 - Meeting Room From Joe Meisel: Search the internet or newspapers for "tropical de- March 17- Meeting Room forestation" and you will find a torrent of depressing headlines, pic- April 6 - Spring Orchid Sale April 21 - Meeting Room tures of trees being felled, and graphs showing how little habitat re- May 19 - Meeting Room mains and how swiftly it is being lost. These images, while undenia- June Picnic - 24th bly true, generate feelings of pessimism that can be paralyzing. But Meetings start at 1:30 pm at Olbrich there are success stories in tropical conservation. Committed indi- Gardens unless otherwise noted viduals and organizations are making significant strides towards pro- Up-Coming Events: tecting habitat, promoting sustainable development, and convincing October 6-7, Eastern Iowa Show and Sale politicians of the need for broad conservation programs. It is impor- October 13-14 — IOS mini-Show tant that these success stories be heard. They reveal the progress that October 26-28 — MAOC is being made, underscore the diverse nature of tropical conserva- Officers and Committees tion, and provide a cause for hope and optimism. President: Lorraine Snyder (2014) The Ceiba Foundation, a [email protected] INSIDE THIS ISSUE conservation nonprofit Vice President: based in Madison, has Jill Hynum (2013) Book Review 5 worked for over 15 years in [email protected] Errata: Monkey Orchids 5 Ecuador to protect tropical Secretary: Mounting Orchids 6 forests. We have helped lo- Lynn West (2013) Next Meeting [email protected] 1 cal landowners establish Orchids of Iran 2 reserves that thrive as ecot- Treasurer: Orchids of Iran List Terri Jozwiak (2014) 4 ourism destinations, and Sahlab Recipes [email protected] 3 serve as conservation mod- September OGG Ribbon Judging 7 Board: els for the region. Hun- Judy Williamson (2014) Up-Coming Events 8 [email protected] WOS OGG Ribbon Results dreds of school kids visit 8 (Continued on page 2) Orchid Growers’ Guild, October 2012 page 1 of 8 (Continued from page 1) Gary Brendemuehl (2013) [email protected] these sites each month. Politicians have a new awareness of the valuable services, such as clean water, provided by healthy ecosys- Sue Reed (2015) [email protected] tems. Scientists from Ecuador and abroad conduct research in the reserves, and have made fascinating discoveries, including new spe- Away Shows: Rich Narf cies. By protecting forests, and demonstrating that they can provide a reliable source of revenue, Ceiba is helping conserve the animals Hospitality: Volunteer and plants, including orchids, that call these ecosystems home. While the struggle for tropical conservation is ongoing, the work of Librarian: Liz Wood organizations like ours has yielded significant successes, providing [email protected] cause for optimism about the future of the tropics. Membership: Carrie Weisman ORCHIDS OF IRAN [email protected] Dr. Mo Fayyaz is a Distinguished Faculty Associate and Director of Botany Newsletter: Denise Baylis Greenhouses and Garden at UW-Madison. He gave a short overview of [email protected] some of his responsibilities there. This includes maintaining greenhouse Tom Cleven [email protected] plants from algae to orchids for teaching and research purposes for the Botany De- Orchid Quest 2012: Judy Stevenson partment, and various plantings around [email protected] campus including the Newton apple (a Heidi Whetmore [email protected] direct descendant of the apple tree that bore the falling fruit that inspired the no- Programs: Judy Stevenson tion of gravitation by Sir Isaac Newton), [email protected] planted next to the Physics Department. Ribbon Judging: He is custodian of rare species including Lynn West the Titan Arum. When the latter first [email protected] bloomed it was open to public viewing Web Master: and donations to the Botany Department Gary Brendemuehl [email protected] totaled $90,000. Thus orchids are only a small part of the greenhouse collection. Liaisons: Alliant: Judy Stevenson UW is also fortunate to be home to two Photograph by Jill Hynum AOS: Jill Hynum out-standing researchers in the evolution- Dr. Mo Fayyaz is a Distinguished MAOC: Wayne King, Judith Rapacz Orchid Digest: Jill Hynum ary history of orchids through the study of Faculty Associate and Director of their genetics, profes- Botany Greenhouses and Garden at sors Tom Givnish and UW-Madison. Ken Cameron. Mo was born in Tehran, Iran, where his family still lives. When he was a young student in Iran, orchids were only grown by the very wealthy. His class went on a field trip to a private orchid greenhouse belonging to a wealthy family. The students were not allowed inside because of fear of virus whose source was unknown at the time, in- stead the orchids were brought out for the students to see. Dr. Jany Renz conducted extensive surveys of orchids in Iran between 1972 and 1975. Specimens and thousands of photographs of these orchids are preserved in an herbarium in Basel, Switzerland (Continued on page 3) Orchid Growers’ Guild, October 2012 page 2 of 8 (Continued from page 2) [orchid.unibas.ch]. It was about this time that Mo developed an interest in orchids but the revolution of 1979 prevented further work. In the interim world-wide orchid names have changed. As a country, Iran is 13th in the world for biodiversity due to various factors including multiple climatic conditions and high mountains encircling a large central desert. Most of Iran is occupied by deserts and semi-deserts. In the northwest, winters are as cold as Wisconsin with heavy snowfall and subfreezing tem- peratures in the winter. Spring and fall are relatively mild, while summers are dry and hot. The area near Caspian Sea can be lush. In the south, winters are mild and areas on the gulf are similar to Florida. There are no epiphytic orchids in Iran; all of them are geophytes. [See associated list of orchids on page 4] The areas along the Caspian Sea now host commercial orchid growing businesses. Currently mative Iranian orchids are endangered, some due to the popularity of saḥlabý. This is a flour made from the tubers of the orchid genus Orchis, including species Orchis mascula and Orchis militaris (at one hundred tubers equals one pound.) The tubers are boiled, dried, then ground to a gray powder that, cooked in milk or water, makes a creamy drink. Its consump- tion spread to England and Germany before the rise of coffee and tea. In England, the drink was known as "saloop". The beverage sahlab is often made with hot milk in- stead of water, and is sometimes referred to as Turkish Delight. Other desserts are also made from salep flour, including salep pudding and salep ice cream. Sahlab was once considered an aphrodisiac drink, as the tubers are said to resemble 'fox testicles.' True sahlab is SAHLAB PUDDING now becoming rarer as the or- Servings: 3-5 chids are more scarce. Ingredients: 4 cups milk “SAHLAB” WINTER DRINK 1/2 cup cornstarch Serves 4 1 teaspoon vanilla Ingredients: sugar (to taste) 2 tablespoons cornstarch Toppings: 4 cups milk ground cinnamon (to taste) 3 tablespoons sugar unsweetened dried shredded coconut (to taste) 2 teaspoons rose water Toppings: chopped pistachios (to taste) 2 tablespoons pistachio nuts, chopped fine Cinnamon to sprinkle Directions: Combine cornstarch and water in a small cup and Directions: stir well. Add milk to a sauce pan. Stir in corn- Mix the cornstarch with 1/2 cup of the milk. starch mixture in milk before it gets warm. Add in Bring the remaining milk and sugar to a boil, then vanilla and sugar and stir constantly until it comes lower to a simmer. Add the cornstarch mixture to a boil. Let boil for 2 minutes, meanwhile still (stir to loosen up any starch that settled on the bot- stirring. tom). Cook for 10 minutes over low heat, stirring Pour into dessert bowls and serve. Top with cinna- constantly to keep lumps from forming. Add the mon and coconut or just chopped pistachios. It's rose water, stir again, and serve in individual traditionally eaten hot, but it is good cold too, once cups. Scatter chopped pistachios over the surface it cools off and firms up. of each cup; sprinkle with cinnamon. Orchid Growers’ Guild, October 2012 page 3 of 8 Orchids in the Renk Herbarium Collected in Iran Anacamptis [used in sahlab] Ophrys × aghemanii (hybrid O. scolopax x O. Anacamptis collina turcomanica) Anacamptis coriophora Orchis Anacamptis morio Orchis adenocheilae Anacamptis morio subsp. picta Orchis anatolica Anacamptis palustris Orchis collina Anacamptis palustris subsp. elegans Orchis comperiana Anacamptis pyramidalis Orchis coriophora Cephalanthera Orchis Elegans Cephalanthera caucasica Orchis × golestanica (hybrid O. adenocheilae × Cephalanthera damasonium O. simia) Cephalanthera kurdica Orchis hybrid (O. adenocheila × O. simia) Cephalanthera longifolia Orchis kotschyi Cephalanthera rubra Orchis mascula Dactylorhiza [used in salub, found in swampy Orchis mascula subsp. pinetorum areas] Orchis militaris subsp. stevenii Dactylorhiza iberica Orchis palustris Dactylorhiza osmanica Orchis persica Dactylorhiza romana Orchis punctulata Dactylorhiza umbrosa Orchis romana Dactylorhiza urvilleana Orchis simia Epipactis Orchis spitzelii Epipactis helleborine Orchis × timbalii (hybrid O.
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