Text of This Report

Home , Hanna Formation, Jelm Formation, North Park Formation

This is a digital document from the collections of the Wyoming Water Resources Data System (WRDS) Library.

For additional information about this document and the document conversion process, please contact WRDS at [email protected] and include the phrase “Digital Documents” in your subject heading.

To view other documents please visit the WRDS Library online at: http://library.wrds.uwyo.edu

Mailing Address: Water Resources Data System University of Wyoming, Dept 3943 1000 E University Avenue Laramie, WY 82071

Physical Address: Wyoming Hall, Room 249 University of Wyoming Laramie, WY 82071

Phone: (307) 766-6651 Fax: (307) 766-3785

Funding for WRDS and the creation of this electronic document was provided by the Wyoming Water Development Commission (http://wwdc.state.wy.us)

Volume 111-A

OCCURRENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUND WATER IN THE LARAMIE, SHIRLEY, AND HANNA BASINS, WYOMING

Henry R. Richter, Jr. Water Resources Research Institute University of Wyoming

Supervised by Peter W. Huntoon Department of, Geology University of Wyoming

Proj ect Manager Craig Eisen Water Resources Research Institute University of Wyoming

Report to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Contract Number G-008269-79

Project Officer Paul Osborne

March, 1981 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter Page

I . SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ...... 11 . INTRODUCTION ...... GENERAL ...... Purpose ...... Location ...... Physiographic Setting...... Surface Drainage ...... Climate ...... Population ...... Land Use and Ownership ...... GEOLOGY ...... Stratigraphy ...... Structure ...... Hydrostratigraphy ...... I11 . WATERUSE ...... DOMESTIC WATER USE ...... INDUSTRIAL WATER USE ...... Coal Industry ...... Petroleum Industry ...... Uranium Industry ...... Cement Industry ...... Timber Industry ...... AGRICULTURAL WATER USE ...... Livestock ...... Irrigation ...... IV . AQUIFERS ...... PRINC IPAL AQUIFERS ...... Tertiary Aquifer ...... Cloverly Aquifer ...... Casper-Tensleep Aquifer ...... Chapter Page

SECONDARY AQUIFERS ...... 67 Mesaverde Aquifer ...... 68 Frontier Aquifer ...... 69 Sundance Aquifer ...... 70 LOCAL GROUND-WATER SYSTEMS ...... 72 Stray Sands...... 72 Saturated Alluvium ...... 74 V . TECTONIC STRUCTURES AND GROUND-WATER CIRCULATION ... 75 HYDRAULIC IMPORTANCE OF STRUCTURES ...... 76 Fracture Controlled Springs...... 80 GROUND-WATER CIRCULATION ...... 81 Regional Ground-Water Circulation ...... 81 VI . WATER QUALITY ...... 85 LOCAL AQUIFERS ...... 87 Saturated Alluvium ...... 87

TERTIARY AQUIFER ...... 87

MEsAVER.DE AQUIFER ...... 90 FRONTIER AQUIFER ...... 92 STRAY SAND .MUDDY SANDSTONE ...... 92 CLOVERLY AQUIFER ...... 95 SUNDANCE AQUIFER ...... 97 CASPER-TENSLEEP AQUIFER ...... 99 PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS ...... 101 Radionuclides ...... 101

SECONDARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS ...... 106 VII . REFERENCES ...... 107 Chapter Page

VIII. APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: WELL AND SPRING NUMBERING SYSTEM ...... A-1

APPENDIX B: PERMITTED COMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ...... B-1

APPENDIX C: PERMITTED NONCOMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS ...... C-1

APPENDIX D: CHEMICAL ANALYSES FOR SELECTED WELLS AND SPRINGS...... D-1

APPENDIX E: CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF GROUND WATERS SAMPLED BY WRRI IN THE LARAMIE, SHIRLEY, AND HANNA BASINS...... E-1 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

11-1 Location of study area and principal surface drainages, Laramie , Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming......

Index map showing intermontane structural basins in Wyoming......

Ages, lithologies, and thicknesses of the rocks exposed in the Laramie basin, Wyoming......

Ages, lithologies, and thicknesses of the rocks exposed in the Shirley basin, Wyoming......

Ages, lithologies, and thicknesses of the rocks exposed in the Hanna basin, Wyoming......

Hydrologic roles and ages of the rocks in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. ..

Percent total water use arranged by economic sector ...... Locations of selected petroleum test wells, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. ..

Locations of major oil fields, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming......

Index map of location and generalized trends of selected tectonic structures in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming ......

Generalized ground-water flow directions in the Cretaceous rocks in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming......

Generalized basin cross-section showing ground- water circulation......

Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Tertiary rocks in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... Figure Page

VI-2 Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Mesaverde Formation in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 91

Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Frontier Format ion in the Laramie , Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 93

Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells completed in the Muddy Sandstone in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming ...... 94

Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Cloverly Formation in the Laramie , Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 96

Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells completed in the Sundance Formation in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. .... 98

Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Casper Formation and Tensleep Sandstone in the Laramie, Shirley, andHannabasins, Wyoming ...... 100

Index map showing locations of wells and springs where ground waters are encountered with fluoride and selenium concentrations exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1979) primary drinkingwater standards...... 104

vii LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

11-1 North Platte River basin surface drainage divisions in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 11

Population by county and municipalities in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. .... 13

Estimated water use for various industries for the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. .. 25

Summary of water use arranged by domestic sector and source of water ...... 28

Estimated water consumption for livestock arranged by county for the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 33

Water encountered reports for selected petroleum test wells drilled in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 37

Ages, thicknesses, lithologies, and hydrologic properties of the rocks in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 48

IV- 3 Hydrologic data arranged by formation for selected water wells drilled in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 55

Hydrologic data arranged by source for selected oil and gas fields in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming...... 62

Relationship between tectonic structures, fracturing, porosity, and hydraulic conductivity of the Casper-Tensleep aquifer in the Laramie basin, Wyoming ...... 79

Primary and secondary drinking water standards established by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(1976) ...... 102 LIST OF PLATES*

Plate

A-1 Location of permitted water wells with domestic use and water-bearing units, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

B-1 Elevation of the top of the Lower Cretaceous Cloverly Formation and locations of major oil and gas fields, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

C-1 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Tertiary aquifer, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

C-2 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Cloverly aquifer, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

C-3 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Sundance aquifer , Laramie , Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

C-4 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Casper-Tensleep aquifer, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

*Plates contained in Volume 111-B. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Recognition and thanks are due to Greg Bernaski, who

conscientiously assisted in obtaining and compiling various agency data used in the tables, figures, and text of this report. This report was prepared by the Wyoming Water Resources Research Institute,

Paul A. Rechard, Director. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS I* -SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

I. Three principal and three secondary aquifers are identified by this report in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

The principal aquifers include the (1) Tertiary, (2) Cloverly, and

(3) Casper-Tensleep. Secondary aquifers include the (1) Mesaverde,

(2) Frontier, and (3) Sundance.

In addition, there are numerous local ground-water systems.

Local ground-water systems as defined here are generally discontinuous and unconfined. They include (1) partially saturated elevated and highly dissected outcrops, (2) saturated sandstones having limited areal extent, and (3) saturated alluvium.

Recharge to the principal and secondary aquifers occurs by (1) infiltration of precipitation into outcrops, (2) leakage of water from adjacent units, and (3) stream losses into permeable outcrops.

Recharge to local ground-water systems occurs by direct infiltration of precipitation into outcrops and by stream losses into permeable units.

11. The permeabilities of the rocks in the area are locally dominated by fracture permeability associated with faults and folds.

With the exceptions of the Tertiary and alluvial aquifers, the rocks comprising the sedimentary section have small interstitial permeabilities.

111. Water qualities vary widely within and between the various saturated units. In general, ground waters with total dissolved solids less than 500 mg/l are encountered in outcrops of the Casper-

Tensleep, Sundance, Cloverly, Frontier, and Mesaverde aquifers along the flanks of the Laramie, Shirley, Medicine Bow, and Freezeout mountains because these areas are the principal recharge areas where residence times for ground water are relatively short and flow rates are great. Water qualities in the various aquifers deteriorate basinward as residence times increase and flow rates decrease. As the water flows basinward, soluble sands dissolve from the aquifer matrices

and adjacent confining layers, and there is entrainment of poor quality waters leaking from adjacent units. In general, total dissolved

solids increase as ground-water flow length increases.

Ground waters with total dissolved solids less than 500 mg/l

can be expected in much of the Tertiary aquifer in the Shirley basin

and Saratoga Valley because the rocks comprising the Tertiary aquifers have large interstitial permeabilities and flow rates are great.

However, in the Hanna basin water qualities in the Tertiary aquifer

are variable with total dissolved solids ranging between 100 and 9,000

mg/l

Total dissolved solids in local ground-water systems are generally

less than 500 mg/l.

IV. Insufficient data exist to allow thorough evaluation for

all U.S. Environmental Protection Agency primary drinking water

standards in the various aquifers; however, based on available chemical

analyses selenium and fluoride are identified in relatively large

concentrations in localized areas. For example, selenium concentrations

exceeding 0.01 mg/l are encountered in ground waters in the (1) Frontier

Formation, 8 miles west of Laramie, Wyoming, along the Laramie River;

(2) Lewis Shale, 10 miles south of Walcott, Wyoming; and (3) Ferris-

Hanna formations undivided, 15 miles northwest of Hanna, Wyoming. Fluoride concentrations exceeding 2.0 mg/l are encountered in ground waters in the (1) Cloverly and Casper-Tensleep formations west and north of Laramie, Wyoming; and (2) Ferris-Hanna formations undivided,

15 miles northwest of Hanna, Wyoming.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency secondary drinking water standards are exceeded in localized parts of all aquifers in the area.

In general, ground waters in the central parts of the various basins exceed secondary standards for sulfate (250 mgll), chloride (250 mg/l), and total dissolved solids (500 mgll).

V. Estimated total water use in the Laramie, Shirley, and 5 Hanna basins is about 2.0 x 10 acre-feetiyear. This total is based on estimated domestic, industrial, and agricultural withdrawals.

About 40 percent or 8.0 x lo4 acre-feetlyear of the total water demand in the area is supplied by ground water.

Based on available data total domestic water use is about 3.8 x 4 4 10 acre-feetlyear, of which about 3.0 x 10 acre-feetlyear is supplied by ground water. Principal ground-water sources for domestic use include the Casper-Tensleep and Tertiary aquifers. Total industrial water use is about 2.1 x 104 acre-feetlyear, of which about 99 percent is supplied by ground water. Total agricultural water use is about 5 1.4 x 10 acre-feetiyear, about 20 percent of which is supplied by ground water. Ground-water sources for agricultural use include saturated alluvium, and the Tertiary, Casper-Tensleep, and Cloverly aquifers. INTRODUCTION 11. INTRODUCTION

Synthesized herein are the hydrogeologic properties of the sedimentary rocks, characterization of ground waters, and delineation of potentially developable ground-water supplies in the Laramie,

Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Interpretations and conclusions in this report are based on the author's assessment of existing hydrogeologic and structural data. No field work was undertaken during the course of this study. This report is the third in a series of seven ground-water investigations conducted by Wyoming Water Resources

Research Institute summarizing known conditions in the ten structural basins of Wyoming.

Funding for this report was provided by the U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency through Contract G-008269-79, for the Underground

Injection Control Program (UIC). The UIC program is authorized by the Safe Drinking Water Act (P.L. 93-523) and is designed to assure the protection of ground-water resources from contamination as a result of the injection of brines, sewage, and other hazardous fluids.

GENERAL

Purpose

The purpose of this report is to (1) describe the occurrence, circulation, and chemical quality of ground water in the Laramie,

Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming, and (2) quantify ground-water use by aquifer and economic sector. Locat ion

The location of the study area is shown on Figure 11-1, The area is entirely contained within the region between latitudes 41°00' and 420401, and longitudes 105°30' and 107O15'. The study area encompasses approximately 9,300 square miles of State, Federal, and privately owned lands situated primarily in Albany and Carbon counties,

Wyoming. All discussions in this report refer to the area within these boundaries unless otherwise stated.

Physiographic Setting

The Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins are intermontane structural basins. The locations of these basins relative to other intermontane structural basins in Wyoming are shown on Figure 11-2.

The eastern boundary of the study area is the north trending

Laramie range. The Laramie range marates the area from the Denver- ! Julesburg basin to the southeast and the Powder River basin to the northeast. The southern boundary of the area is arbitrarily placed at the

Wyoming-Colorado state line. The western boundary includes the Sierra

Madre range and the Rawlins Uplift which separates the area from the

Washakie and Red Desert basins.

Elevations in the area generally range between 6,500 and 7,500 feet; however, elevations greater than 10,500 feet are not uncommon in the various bounding mountain ranges.

Surface Drainage

The Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins are situated in the Missouri

River drainage system, North Platte River basin. As shown on Figure

11-1, principal streams include the Laramie, Little Laramie, North

Platte, Encampment, Medicine Bow, and Little Medicine Bow rivers. 111° "C0L0RAD0

0 40 MiLs WYOM I NG oN 10 20 30 40 50 60 Kilometers

Figure 11-1. Location of study area and principal surface drainages, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. BEARTOOTH MOUNTAINS I

YELLOWSTONE ( ' \ kh H l LLS POWDER

RIVER

BAS1N

RED DESERT RIVER BAS IN BASIN

WASHAKI E U BASIN

Scale

(miles)

Figure 11-2. Index map showing intermontane structural basins in Wyoming. The North Platte River basin is formally divided into six drainage divisions (U.S. Department of the Interior, 1957), three of which are included in the study area. Table 11-1 summarizes the various divisions. Readers should refer to U.S. Department of Agriculture and others (1979), Wyoming State Engineer (1973), and U.S. Department of the Interior (1957) for detailed descriptions of the surface drainage basins.

Climate

The climate of the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins is semi- arid continental, and is typified by extreme variations in temperature and precipitation. Elevation is the principal control on local climatic conditions.

Annual precipitation in the central part of the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins is generally less than 10 inches, whereas 12 to

16 inches is common along the elevated flanks of the basins. Fifty inches of precipitation is common on the various bounding mountain ranges (U.S. Weather Bureau, 1978).

The weighted annual temperature in the area is 42.3"F for the period 1970 to 1978. Mean monthly temperatures range from 21'~ in January to 64°F in July, although recorded extreme temperatures for the same period are -50°F and 97°F (U.S. Weather Bureau, 1978).

Population

Much of the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins is sparsely popu- lated. According to the U.S. Census (1970) about 40,000 people or approximately 4 persons per square mile resided in the area in 1970.

The 1980 U.S. Census indicates that about 56,000 people or 6 persons Table 11-1. North Platte river basin surface drainage divisions in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

Area Percent of Missouri River Sys tem (Sq. Mi.) Study Area

North Platte River Basin

Laramie Division

Laramie River Little Laramie River

Saratoga Division

North Platte River Encampment River French Creek Douglas Creek

Medicine Bow Division

Medicine Bow River Little Medicine Bow River Rock Creek Muddy Creek Foote Creek Sheep Creek

North Park Divisiona

Sweetwater Divisiona a Oregon Trail Division a Not included in study area. per square mile now reside in the area. Population distribution is summarized on Table 11-2.

Principal municipalities in the area include Laramie, Hanna,

Saratoga, and Medicine BOW, and account for about 60 percent of the total population. About 23,000 people, representing 40 percent of the total population, reside in rural areas or towns with fewer than

1,000 people.

Major industries in the area include agriculture, energy production, and railroads. These industries employ about 75 percent of the employable population in the area.

Land Use and Ownership

Agricultural activities account for about 60 percent of the land use in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins. Although most of the agricultural land is unimproved range, about 6 percent of this land is utilized as cropland.

Mining and petroleum operations, homesteads, and recreational areas occupy nearly all of the nonagricultural land.

About 49 percent of the land in the area is privately owned.

Federally owned lands, primarily administered by the Bureau of Land

Management and National Forest Service,account for about 44 percent of the area. State owned lands account for the remaining 7 percent of the study area*

GEOLOGY

Stratigraphy

Sedimentary rocks in the area range in age from Mississippian to Recent, and are summarized on Figures 11-3, 11-4, and 11-5. Table 11-2. Population by county and municipalities in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wy~rning.~

County Projected Municipality 1960 1970 1977 1980

Albany Laramie Rock River

Carbon Elk Mountain Encampment Hanna Medicine Bow Riverside Saratoga Sinclair

State of Wyoming a Sources of data include U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Bureau of Census (1970, 1977, 1979, various); Wyoming State Dept. of Administration and Fiscal Control (various). LITHOLOGY UNIT (FEET) NHlTE RIVER FORMATION 0-90 , NlND RIVER FORMATION 0 - 314 iANNA FORMATION 0-100 -

.EWIS SHALE 0 - 500

UIESAVERDE FORMATION

STEELE SHALE

CRETACEOUS

YIOBRARA FORMATION

FRONTIER FORMATION

MOWRY SHALE

THERMOPOLIS SHALE

CLOVERLY FORMATION

MORRISON FORMATION JURASSIC SUNDANCE FORMATION JELM FORMATION

TRIASSIC

CHUGWATER FORMATION

PERMIAN GOOSE EGG FORMATION

CASPER FORMATION PENNSYLVANIAN

FOUNTAIN FORMATION

PRECAMBRIAN PRECAMBRIAN

PRECAMBRIAN CONGLOMERATE SANDSTONE SANDSTONE SILTSTONES SHALE CRYSTALLINE W/ LARGE -SCALE ROCK CROSS - BEDS

LIMESTONE SHALY OR SILTY LENTICULAR COAL BEDS UNCONFORMITY LIMESTONE CONGLOMERATES OR SANDSTONES

Figure 11-3. Ages, lithologies, and thicknesses of the rocks exposed in the Laramie basin, Wyoming. THICKNESS UNIT (FEET) AGE LITHOLOGY 3WNS PARK FORMATION zq-- IlTE RIVER FORMATION JGOCENE

tGON BED FORMATION TERTIARY

XENE UD RIVER FORMATION

ISAVERDE FORMATION

TEELE SHALE CRETACEOUS

IIOBRARA FORMATION

-RONTIER FORMATION

-- dOWRY SHALE THERMOPOLIS SHALE 3LOVERLY FORMATION

MORRISON FORMATION JURASSIC SUNDANCE FORMATION

JELM FORMATION

TRIASSIC CHUGWATER FORMATIOI

PERMIAN GOOSE EGG FORMATlOf

TENSLEEP FORMATION PENNSYLVANIAN

AMSDEN FORMATION MISSISSIPPIAN MADISON LIMESTONE

PRECAMBRIAN IUNDIFFERENTIATED] L 1 1 3 pj / \ .- -- PRFrAMRRlAN-- - CONGLOMERATE SANDSTONE SANDSTONE SILTSTONES SHALE CRYSTALLINE W/ LARGE - SCALE ROCK CROSS-BEDS =;1 1 Fq UNCONFORMITY LIMESTONE SHALY OR SILTY LENTICULAR COAL BEDS I IMFSTONE. - CONGLOMERATES OR SANDSTONES Figure 11-4. Ages, lithologies, and thicknesses of the rocks exposed in the Shirley basin, Wyoming. THICKNESS UNIT AGE

OCENE

{ANNA FORMATION

ERTIAR'

:ERRIS FORMATION

MEDICINE BOW FORMA- TION

LEWIS FORMATION

MESAVEROE FORMATIC CRETACEOUS

STEELE SHALE

FRONTIER FORMATIOt

-- MOWRY SHALE THERMOPOLIS SHALI CLOVERLY FORMATlOh

MORRISON FORMAT10 JURASSIC SUNOANCE FORMATI(

JELM FORMATION

TRIASSIC

CHUGWATER FORMAT1

PERMIAN GOOSE EGG FORMATI(

TENSLEEP FORMATIC PENNSYLVANIAN

AMSDEN FORMATION MISSISSIPPIAN MADISON LIMESTONI

PRECAMBRIAN PRECAMBRIAN [UNDIFFERENTIATED1

PRECAMBRIAN CONGLOMERATE SANDSTONE SANDSTONE SILTSTDNES SHALE CRYSTALLINE W/ LARGE-SCALE CROSS-BEDS 1 Fl # LIMESTONE SHALY OR SILTY LENTICULAR COAL BEDS UNCONFORMITY LIMESTONE CONGLOMERATES OR SANDSTONES

Figure 11-5. Ages, lithologies, and thicknesses of the rocks exposed in the Hanna basin, Wyoming. Descriptions of the rocks appear in Table IV-2. Stratigraphic nomencla- ture used here conforms to Littleton (1950) and Love and others (1955).

See their works for citations of original sources. The reader is also referred to Blackstone (1953), Lowry and others (19731, Harshman

(1968), and Izett (1975) for useful summaries of sedimentation rates, diagenesis, and sedimentary tectonics associated with the Laramie,

Shirley, and Hanna basins.

Structure

The Laramie basin is a broad north-south trending intermontane structural depression that contains 12,000 feet of Cenozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleozoic sediments which rest unconformably on Precambrian crystalline rocks. The structure of the basin is complicated by a series of east-northeast trending basement controlled shear zones and several southwest plunging anticlines. The east flank of the basin is characterized by low amplitude anticlines and synclines as well as steeply dipping monoclines which strike generally north- south. The west flank of the basin is characterized by a segmented overthrust zone.

The Shirley basin is a relatively small northwest trending intermontane structural depression that contains 8,000 feet of Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks which are unconformably overlain by Cenozoic rocks.

The structure of the basin is relatively uncomplicated. Except for the west side of the basin, faults and folds are relatively sparse.

The Hanna basin is one of the deepest intermontane structural depressions in the Rocky Mountain region, and yet it is one of the smallest in areal extent. The basin is east-west trending, approximately 40 miles long and 25 miles wide, and contains 30,000 to 35,000 feet of Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic sediments which rest unconformably on Precambrian crystalline rocks. The basin is informally divided into two sub-basins: respectively, the Walcott and Carbon basins (Dobbin and others, 1929). These are separated from each other by the northeast trending Saddle Back Hills anticline, with

the Walcott basin lying to the north and the Carbon basin lying to

the south. The structure of the central part of the Hanna basin

is relatively uncomplicated with scattered low amplitude folds and minor normal faults; however, along the periphery of the basin the

structure is complex with tightly folded, overturned, and highly

faulted sediments.

For an excellent summary of the late Cretaceous and Cenozoic

tectonic history of the study area the reader is referred to

Blackstone (1975).

Hydrostratigraphy

The stratigraphic position of springs and water encountered

in petroleum tests and water wells provides the best indicator of

saturated and permeable zones within the sedimentary rocks in the

area. Likewise, the uniform absence of springs and water encountered

in petroleum and water test wells in other parts of the sedimentary

section indicates that those units have negligible permeabilities

and are confining layers. Based on this premise an intensive litera-

ture search of available drill data, water encountered reports, ground- water investigations, spring location maps, hydrologic atlases, and

appropriate stratigraphic and structural data was conducted to identify water-bearing and confining layers. It is critical for the reader to understand that aquifers are

-not dependent on formational boundaries. Rather, they are dependent on permeability characteristics. As a result, an aquifer as used in this report "...is a formation, group of formations, or part of a formation that contains sufficient saturated permeable material to yield significant quantities of water to wells and springs" (Lohman and others, 1972, p. 2). This definition is rather vague because the word "sufficient" must be defined by the user.

A confining layer as used here is a formation, group of formations, or part of a formation that has a significantly lower ability to transmit water than the aquifers that it separates. Although confining layers have small permeabilities they are not impermeable. In fact, given sufficient area and time a confining layer is usually capable of leaking large quantities of water to adjacent units. To he sure this distinction is not lost, confining layers are herein referred to as leaky confining layers.

In addition to local deposits of saturated alluvium, six aquifers were identified by this report. The aquifers are herein referred to as the (1) Tertiary, (2) Mesaverde, (3) Frontier, (4) Cloverly,

(5) Sundance, and (6) Casper-Tensleep aquifers . The stratigraphic positions of the various aquifers and leaky confining layers are shown on Figure 11-6. Detailed descriptions of the various aquifers appear in Section IV.

As shown on Figure 11-6, the various aquifers are identified as (1) principal, and (2) secondary aquifers . Principal aquifers are highly productive, and areally extensive. Principal aquifers are reliable ground-water sources and have excellent development GEOLOGIC Age UNIT HYDROLOGIC ROLE

Principal Aquife

MEDICINE BOW FM. Leaky Confining Lo yer (MESAVERDE FM, I Secondary Aquifer

NIOBRARA SHALE Leaky Confining Layer SAGE BRE*I(S~- / SHALE FRONTIER FM. Secondary Aquifer MOWRY SHALE MUDDY SANDSTONE Leaky Confining Layer THERMOPOLIS SHALE

CLOVERLY FM. Principal Aquifer .-0 MORRISON FM, I Leaky Confining Layer cn I - ISUNDANCE FM. I Secondary Aquifer

-E CHUGWATER GR c I Leaky Confining Layer C --0 E GOOSE EGG FM,

Principal Aquifer

Silurian 3rdovician Zambrian

Figure 11-6. Hydrologic roles and ages of the rocks in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. potential. Secondary aquifers are generally not highly productive, and are often areally limited. Secondary aquifers have fair to good local development potential.

22 111. WATER USE 111. WATER USE

Both ground and surface water are used in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins for domestic, industrial, and agricultural purposes.

Based on population estimates it is anticipated that domestic water demand will increase by more than 50 percent by the year 2000 (Wyoming

State Engineer, 1973). Based on estimated water consumption for various industries (Table 111-1) industrial water demand will increase by about 5 percent for the same period.

Surface water provides much of the water consumed in the Laramie,

Shirley, and Hanna basins. However, most surface water is geographically confined to major drainage areas, and withdrawals are restricted by interstate compacts. Conversely, ground water exists throughout the area but extensive development is restricted by: (1) inadequate delineation of developable aquifers, (2) drilling and production

costs, and (3) water development policies that emphasize utilization of surface waters.

Estimated total water use in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna 5 basins is about 2.0 x 10 acre-feet/year. This total is based on estimated domestic, industrial, and agricultural withdrawals (Wyoming

State Engineer, 1973 and various; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,

1980; U.S. Department of Agriculture and others, 1979; Wyoming Crop and Livestock Reporting Service, 1979; Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation

Commission, various; U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclama-

tion, 1957). . At least 40 percent or 8.0 x lo4 acre-feet/year of the to-

tal water demand of the area is supplied by ground water. Total water Table 111-1. Estimated water use for various industries for the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna bas ins, wyoming. a

1970 1980 2000 Industry (gal/yr) (ac-ft /yr) (gallyr) (ac-ftlyr) (gal/yr) (ac-f t Iyr)

Coal

Oil & Gas

Uranium

Cement

Timber

a Sources of data include Wyoming State Engineer (1973); U.S. Dept. Agriculture and others (1979); U. S. Dept . Interior (1957). 6 b~ateruse less than 3.0 x 10 gal/min or 10 ac-ftIyr. use arranged by economic sector, percent ground-water use, and percent surface-water use is summarized on Figure 111- I.

DOMESTIC WATER USE

Domestic water supplies are divided into public and private systems.

Public systems are subdivided into community and noncommunity systems.

For the purposes of this report a community system serves 25 or more permanent residents. A noncommunity system serves less than 25 permanent residents, but may serve a transient population of 25 or more. Non- community systems include restaurants, hotels, bars, schools, and campgrounds.

There are a total of 31 community (Appendix B) and 152 noncommunity

(Appendix C) systems in the area. Sources of water used by the various community and noncommunity systems, respectively, are compiled in

Tables B-1 and C-1.

A summary of water use by domestic sector and source of water is compiled on Table 111-2. Based on data presented in TablelIII-2 alluvium supplies the greatest quantity of ground water for domestic use. The second greatest source of ground water for domestic use is the Casper Formation.

Based on data presented in Table B-1, total water use for community public water supply systems is about 1.1 x lo4 acre-feetiyear. Ground- water sources supply about 7.1 x lo3 acre-feetiyear, whereas surface water sources supply about 3.6 x lo3 acre-feetlyear.

Total water use for noncommunity systems is about 1.9 x 104 acre-feetiyear (Table C-1). All noncommunity systems reported in

Table C-1 are supplied by ground-water sources. Total Water Use 2.0 x lo5 AF/Y ' Livestock ,Total Ground Water Use

Econom ic Sector Percent total Percent ground water Percent surface water I water use use by respective use by respective sector sector DOMESTIC 17 89 l NDUSTRY I I 96 AGRICULTURE 72 20

Figure 111-1. Percent total water use arranged by economic sector. Shaded areas designate percent ground-water use, unshaded areas designate surface-water use. NOTE: Agricultural water use is a "consumptive" estimate and does not include system losses or return flow. Table 111-2. Summary of water use arranged by domestic sector and source of water. a

Estimated Water Use Domestic Sector Source (ac-ft /year)

Community Casper Formation Surf ace water Wind River Formation Cloverly Formation Total

Noncomunity Alluvium Unidentified sources Casper Formation Precambrian Mesaverde Formation Cloverly Formation Steele Shale North Park - Browns Park formations undivided White River Formation Total

Private Casper Format ion Alluvium White-River - Wind River - Hanna formations undivided North Park - Browns Park formations undivided Precambrian St,eele Shale Unidentified sources Total a Sources of data include Wyoming State Engineer (well permit files, 1980); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1979). See Appendices B and C, respectively, for specific community and noncommunity systems. b~nsufficientdata exist to quantify water use by source. Sources ranked in descending order according to the number of wells completed in the various sources. 28 The total number of permitted private domestic water supply

wells in the area is 2,131 (Wyoming State Engineer, 1980, water well

permit files). Permitted private domestic wells for which location

and water source are known are shown on Plate A-1. Insufficient

data exist to allow meaningful estimates of total water consumption

for permitted private domestic use. However, based on the population

estimate of about 20,000 rural residents and assuming that these

residents are supplied by permitted private domestic wells, and also

assuming an average per capita consumption of 180 gallons/day (Wyoming

State Engineer, 1973), private domestic ground-water use is at least 3 4 x 10 acre-feet/year.

INDUSTRIAL WATER USE

Principal industries using ground and surface water in the area

include coal, petroleum, uranium, cement, and timber companies. Esti-

mated water use for the various industries is compiled on Table 111-1.

Based on data presented in Table 111-1, total water use by the 4 various industries in the area is about 2.1 x 10 acre-feet/year.

About 97 percent or 2.0 x lo4 acre-feetlyear is supplied by ground

water. Insufficient data exist to meaningfully quantify water use

by source; however, principal sources of ground water used by the

various industries include the Hanna, Ferris, Mesaverde, Cloverly,

and Casper formations.

Coal Industry

As indicated on Table 111-1, the coal industry is the major

industrial user of water in the study area. According to Glass (1980)

water requirements for coal mines in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins range between 1,000 and 2,000 acre-feetlyear per mine. There are seven operating coal mines in the area.

The Tertiary and Mesaverde aquifers are principal sources of water produced at the various coal mines. Specifically, saturated units include the Hanna, Ferris, Medicine BOW, and Mesaverde formations. In addition, some saturated coal horizons are used,

Ground water is typically produced as a result of pit and shaft dewatering. Uses for the water include: (1) dust suppression, (2) processing and milling, and (3) domestic purposes.

Petroleum Industry

Estimated ground-water withdrawals for the oil and gas industry is listed in Table 111-1. Ground-water withdrawals by the industry are generally the result of by-product water from oil production and water developed for secondary water-flood recovery projects.

According to Collentine and others (1981) the principal use for ground water produced at the various oil and gas fields in the area is for secondary recovery purposes.

As indicated in Table 111-1, ground-water use by the oil and gas industry has declined from 2.1 x lo3 acre-feetlyear in 1970, 3 to 1.7 x 10 acre-feetlyear in 1980, and will continue to decline because the various petroleum reservoirs in the area are becoming depleted.

Ground water used by the oil and gas industry is usually produced at the stratigraphic horizon of the petroleum reservoir, For example, in the Laramie basin principal ground-water sources developed by the industry include the Shannon, Muddy, Dakota, and Lakota sandstones, whereas in the Hanna and Shirley basins principal sources include the Mesaverde, Morrison, Sundance, and Casper-Tensleep formations.

Insufficient data exist to allow meaningful estimates of yearly consumptive ground-water use by the oil and gas industry for the Laramie,

Shirley, and Hanna basins. However, the reader is referred to Collentine and others (1981) for historic summaries of cumulative water-flood rates and recovery projects for individual petroleum fields in the area.

Uranium Industrv

All active uranium mines in the area are located in Shirley basin. Estimated ground-water withdrawal for the industry is listed on Table 111-1, Sources for ground water used by the uranium industry include the Wind River and White River formations. The water is principally used for dust suppression and processing operations.

Cement Industrv

Estimated water consumption for the cement industry is listed in Table 111-1, About 60 percent of the water used by the industry is from developed ground-water sources. According to 1980 estimates 2 this is about 1.2 x 10 acre-feetlyear. Principal ground-water sources developed by the cement industry include saturated alluvium along the Laramie River, and the Casper-Tensleep aquifer south of Laramie,

Wyoming. About 40 percent or 8.0 x loi acre-feet /year of surface water is used by the industry. The Laramie River is the primary

source of surface water.

Timber Industry

According to 1980 estimates (Table 111-1) the timber industry uses about 50 acre-feetlyear of water, of which about 50 percent is from developed ground-water sources. Ground-water sources developed by the timber industry include highly fractured and jointed Precambrian granite and saturated gruss. Surface-water sources used by the industry include Fox and Douglas creeks, and various snowmelt catchments. The water is primarily used for lumber processing, fire control, and domestic purposes.

AGRICULTURAL WATER USE

Livestock

Water consumption by livestock in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins is estimated at 2,100 acre-feet/year (Wyoming Crop and Live- stock Reporting Service, 1979). Estimated water consumption arranged by county for the various livestock populations are listed in Table 111-3.

Principal sources of water for livestock use include the Tertiary and Cloverly aquifers, and surface water from the various rivers, creeks, and impoundments in the area. Insufficient data exist to quantify water use by aquifer and surface-water source.

Irr i~ation

About 284,000 acres of land are permitted for irrigation in the area. Annual consumptive use of ground and surface water for irrigation 5 is about 1.4 x 10 acre-feet/year (Wyoming State Engineer, 1973; U.S.

Department of Agriculture and others, 1979). According to the Wyoming

Crop and Livestock Reporting Service (1979) about 20 percent of the total irrigated acres in the study area are wholly or partially irrigated with ground water. According to the Wyoming State Engineer (1973) annual consumptive use of ground water for irrigation is about 2.7 x 4 10 acre-feet/year. However, these estimates do not include system Table 111-3. Estimated water consumption for livestock arranged by county for the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, wyoming.a

- - -- Average Daily Average Annual County Estimated ~onsumption/Animal Consumption/Population Livestock Population (gal/day) (gdyr) (ac-ft/yr)

Albany Cattle 3 Horses & Mules 1.7 x 10 Hogs Sheep Carbon Cattle 6 Horses & Mules 1.8 x lo3 11 7.3 x 10 2.3 x 10' Hogs 2.0 x lo2 2 1.5 x lo5 5.0 x lo-' 5 7 Sheep 1.1 x 10 1 4.1 x 10 1.3 x lo2 8 TOTAL 6.6 x 10 2.1 x 103

a Sources of data include Wyoming Crop and Livestock Reporting Service (1979); M. Botkin (personal communication); D. Brosz (personal communication); F. B. Morrison (1944). losses and return flow of irrigation systems; total irrigation water

use may be 20 to 50 percent larger.

Principal sources of ground water for irrigation are: (1) the

Casper aquifer along the eastern boundary of the study area, (2) the

Tertiary aquifer in the Hanna and Shirley basins, (3) the Mesaverde

aquifer near Rock River and Medicine Bow, and (4) saturated alluvium and

terrace deposits along the Laramie, Little Laramie, Encampment, and

North Platte rivers.

Ground-water development for irrigation purposes will be relatively

small in the immediate future. According to the U.S. Department of

Agriculture and others (1979) total irrigated acreage will increase less

than 5 percent by the year 2000. It is anticipated that surface water will meet all additional irrigation requirements (U.S. Department of

Agriculture and others, 1979; Wyoming State Engineer, 1973). For

details of present and future irrigation programs including water use,

irrigated acreage, and management policies, the reader is referred to

U.S. Department of Agriculture and others (1979); Wyoming State

Engineer (1973); and Wyoming Crop and Livestock Reporting Service (1979). IV. AQUIFERS IV. AQUIFERS

Six aquifers were identified by this report in the Laramie,

Shirley, and Hanna basins of Wyoming. These are the (1) Tertiary,

(2) Mesaverde, (3) Frontier, (4) Cloverly, (5) Sundance, and (6)

Casper-Tensleep aquifers. The various aquifers were identified on the basis of water encountered reports for petroleum tests, completion intervals for water wells, and spring locations. Water encountered reports for petroleum tests are compiled on Table IV-1.

In addition to the six aquifers, five regionally-continuous leaky confining layers were identified by this report. The leaky confining layers are comprised of the (1) Lewis Shale, (2) Steele,

Niobrara, and Sage Breaks shales, (3) Mowry and Thermopolis shales,

(4) Morrison Formation, and (5) Ghugwater and Goose Egg formations.

The reader is referred to Figure 11-6 for the stratigraphic position of the aquifers and leaky confining layers. A summary of the ages, thicknesses, lithologies, and hydrologic properties of the rocks exposed in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins appears on Table IV-2.

PRINCIPAL AQUIFERS

Principal aquifers as used here include geologic environments that contain sufficient permeable and saturated rocks to be attractive for ground-water development. The various aquifers are generally highly productive and areally extensive. Principal aquifers are the (1) Tertiary, (2) Cloverly, and (3) Casper-Tensleep aquifers. Table IV-I. Water encountered reports for selected petroleum test wells drilled in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wy~rning.~

--- Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company Interval of Production b d No. or Owner . Name of Well ~ocation' Source (Top-bottom in feet) (gal/min)

158 Western Oil Fields Klink-Wilson #1 13-73-8 ac Casper Fm. 90- 200 25 154 Mississippi River Fuel Corp. #1 U.P.R.R. 14-75-5 cbb Muddy Sndst. 700- 740 Dakota Sndst. 840- 893 Tensleep Sndst. 2,300-2,586 155 Mississippi River Fuel Corp. /I1 Parker 14-75-8 bc Muddy Sndst. 783- 826 Dakota Sndst. 925- 965 Lakota Sndst . 980-1,055 Tensleep Sndst. 2,490-2,928 156 GlendaleOilCo. #1 Embree 14-77-25 ddd alluvium Dakota Sndst. Jelm Fm. Satanka Sh. 157 E. J. Preston & Associates #1 Pingitzer Casper Fm. 152 True Oil Co. #l Meary Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst. 152 J. W. Gibson 2-6 Govt. 15-75-6 a Muddy Sndst . 151 J. W. Gibson Wilcox-Govt. #1 15-75-6 cdd Muddy Sndst. w 150 Oklahoma Oil Co. #3 U.P.R.R. Fuller 15-75-7 bab Nuddy Sndst. 149 J. W. Gibson #2 U.P.R.R. Talbot 15-75-7 baa Frontier Fm. Muddy Sndst .

148 , J. W. Gibson #6 U.P.R.R. Talbot 15-75-7 bdd Muddy Snds t . 147 Ohio Oil Co. #1 Big Hollow 15-75-7 Dakota Sndst . 146 J. W. Gibson 83 U.P.R.R. Talbot 15-75-7 bad Nuddy Sndst. 145 RainbowDrillingCo. #6 E. 0. Fuller 15-75-7 bdb Muddy Snd st. 144 Oklahoma Oil Co. #3 U.P.R.R. 15-75-7 Muddy Sndst . Dakota Sndst. Sundance Fm. Casper Fm. . 143 J. W. Gibson #6 U.P.R.R. Talbot 15-75-7 dac Muddy Sndst . Dakota Sndst. 142 J. W. Gibson Gibson - 1-19 Champlin Casper Fm. 140 Roden Drilling #1 Federal - Mays Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst. 141 Pacific Western Oil Corp. 111 storm Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst . Jelm Fm. Casper Fm. - Table IV-I. (continued) * C

Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company Interval of Production b d No. or Owner - Name of Well ~ocationC Source (Top-bottom in feet) (gal/min)

122 Superior Oil Co. /I3 Parkinson 16-75-4 bbc Casper Fm. 3,731-3,753 3

123 Superior Oil Co. ' #4 Parkinson 16-75-5 aac Dakota Snds t . 2,090-2,160 Casper Fm. 3,733-3,744 124 Superior Oil Co. #1 Parkinson 16-75-5 acc Casper Fm. 3,786-3,824 10-15 125 Superior Oil Co. #2 Parkinson 16-75-5 ada Casper Fm. 3,712-3,736 10-15 126 Superior Oil Co. #5 Parkinson 16-75-5 adb Casper Fm. 3,733-3,743 ? 127 Mississippi River Fuel Corp. #1 State - Airport 16-75-36 acb Muddy Sndst. 1,540-1,592 . Dakota Snds t . 1,670-1,702 Lakota Sndst . 1,712-1,742 Casper Fm. 3,100-3,517 128 Superior Oil Co. ill Herrick 16-76-1 dbc Muddy Sndst. 1,900-1,935 Dakota Sndst . 2,002-2,047 Casper Fm. 3,498-3,588 129 Superior Oil Co. #2 Herrick 16-76-1 dcd Muddy Snds t . 1,993-2,030 Dakota Snds t . 2,105-2,156 Casper Fm. 3,620-3,744 130 Superior Oil Co. i/3 Herrick 16-76-1 dca Dakota Sndst. 2,032-2,058 Dakota Sndst . 2,083-2,153 Sundance Fm. 2,474-2,660 Casper Fm; 3,681-3,689 Casper Fm. 3,696-3,705 Superior Oil Co. f4 Herrick 16-76-1 daa Casper Fm. 3,700-3,735 ? Superior Oil Co. #5 Herrick 16-76-1 cdb Casper Fm. 3,636-3,660 5 Superior Oil Co. 116 Herrick 16-76-1 cad Casper Fm. 3,703-3,720 5 Union Oil Co. Cal. 111 Herrick Muddy Sndst. 1,963-1,992 Dakota Sndst. 2,062-2,130 Dakota Sndst. 2,142-2,210 Cabeen Exploration Co. tl Lawrence 16-76-1 aa Lakota Sndst. 2,770-2,858 Chugwater Grp. 3,210-3,375 Casper Fm. 4,140-4,298 Associated Oil Co. I1 Milbrook 16-76-11 Muddy Sndst. 2,570-2,595 ? Kingwood Oil Co. ill U.S. - Rex Lake 16-7 7-26 Cloverly Fm. 3,924-3,990 Casper Fm. 5,896-5,909 Phillips Petroleum Co. 117 Coughlin 16-77-26 bcd Muddy Sndst. 3,710-3,728 3

Kingwood Oil Co. #2 Rex Lake 16-77-26 Casper Fm. 5,801-5,836 ' 25 Table IV-I. (continued)

- -- Depth to Production Reported Rate b Drilling Company Interval of Production No. or Owner Name of Well ~ocationC Sourced (Top-bot tomin feet) (gal/min)

116 Halbert-Jennings #I Ethel Bibbick 17-74-4 bbc Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst . Lako ta Sndst . Sundance Fm. Casper Fm. 117 Ohio Oil Co. Two Rivers Land & Cattle Co. 17-74-8 ac Muddy Snds t . Dakota Sndst . Lakota Sndst . 115 Bar 11 Ranch Federal - Bar 11 Ranch 17-74-6 Steele Sh. (Sussex) Steele Sh. (Shannon) Steele Sh. (Shannon) Frontier Fm. Muddy Sndst . Cloverly Fm. 121 Mule Creek Oil Co. #1 Mule - Baillie, et al. 17-75-33 Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst. Casper Efn. w 120 Tennessee Gas Trans. Co. #I Baillie Q Dakota Sndst. Sundance Fm. Jelm Fm. Forelle Ls. Casper Fm. Casper Fm. 119 Tennessee Gas Trans. Co. a2 Baillie Dakota Sndst . Sundance Fm. 118 Kimbark Exploration Ltd. #1 Baillie 17-75-33 dcd Muddy Sndst . 114 California Oil Co. #I0 Federal 17-76-18 cab Muddy Sndst. Satanka Sh. Casper Fm. 113 California Oil Co. #l Wilson Muddy Sndst . 112 California Oil Co. f 2 Wilson Muddy Snds t . Dakota Sndst. 111 California Oil Co. #3 Wilson Dakota Sndst . w Sundance Fm. 110 California Oil Co. 84 Wilson Frontier Em. Muddy Sndst . Dakota Snds t . Lakota Sndst . 109 California Oil Co. #5 Wilson Muddy Sndst . Dakota Sndst . Sundance Ern. . Tensleep Sndst . Table IV- I. (continued)

Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company of Production b d Interval No. or Owner Name of Well ~ocationC Source (Top-bottom in feet) (gal/min)

California Oil Co. #6 Wilson 17-76-18 TensleepSndst. California Oil Co. . #7 Wilson 17-76-18 Tensleep Sndst. California Oil Co. #8 Wilson 17-76-18 TensleepSndst. California Oil Co. B9 Wilson 17-76-18 Muddy Sndst . DakotaSndst. Tensleep Sndst. T. Vessels, Jr. 111-A U.P.R.R. - Miller 17-77-5 ad Muddy Sndst . Dakota Sndst. Lakota Sndst . T. Vessels, Jr. f 1 Miller 17-77-8 Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst. Lakota Sndst . T. Vessels, Jr. #2 Miller 17-77-8 ad Muddy Sndst. Lakota Sndst . Texas Production Co. El Rico 17-77-8 Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. California Co. #4 Unit 17-77-9 c Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst. Lakota Sndst. Tensleep Sndst. California Co. t3 Unit 17-77-9 cad Muddy Sndst. Tensleep Sndst. California Co. #15 Unit 17-77-13 da Muddy Sndst. California Co. /Ill Unit 17-77-13 aca Frontier Fm. Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst. Lakota Sndst. Skinner Corp. & Burns 1-16 Miller 17-7 7-16 Muddy Sndst. Aurora Gasoline Co. #l Govt. 17-85-31 Bishop Cgl. White River Fm. Davidson-Conley 2 Rivers Pool 18-74-23 Wall Creek Sndst. 1,215-1,265 Muddy Sndst. 1,940-1,980 Dakota Sndst . 2,090-2,107 M. A. Harris #1 - Govt. 18-74-26 ad Muddy Sndst. 972-1,010 Pan.American Pet. Corp. #C-1 U.P.R.R. 18-77-17 dd Muddy Sndst. 4,703-4,713 Stanolind Oil 6 Gas Co. W 1 18-77-19 a Dakota Sndst . 4,750-4,795 Lakota Sndst. 4,906-5,000 Table IV- I. (cont hued )

Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company Interval of Production b d No. or Owner Name of Well ~ocation' Source (Top-bottom in feet) (gal/min)

Pan American Pet. Corp. Johnson-Parkinson 18-77-20 Steele Sh. (Shannon) Dakota Sndst.

Stanolind Oil & Gas Co. Johnson-Parkinson 18-77-20 c ? Stanolind Oil & Gas Co. Johnson-Parkinson 18-77-20 Sundance Fm. Pan American Pet. Corp. Johnson-Parkinson 18-77-20 bb Muddy Sndst . Dakota Sndst. Pan American Pet. Corp. Johnson-Parkinson 18-77-20 cb Muddy Sndst. Peak Petroleum Co. Fed - Govt. 18-85-10 cc Browns Park Fn. Peak Petroleum Co. State 18-85-16 aac Browns Park Fm. Steele Sh. (Shannon) R. A. Harnett State 18-85-16 dc Browns Park Fm. R. A. Harnett State 18-85-16 dc Browns Park Fm. Steele Sh. Marathon Oil Co. 1123 19-78-2 dcc Muddy Sndst. Ohio Oil Co. #11 Harrison-Cooper 19-78-3 aba Lakota Sndst. Ohio Oil Co. ill2 Harrison-Cooper 19-78-3 Lakota Sndst. Banner Oil Co. fl Dixon 19-78-10 aaa Lakota Sndst. Ohio Oil Co. 8 3 19-78-11 Sundance Fm. Caulkins Oil Co. #1 Cooper Ranch 20-76-11 ada Dakota Sndst. Sohio Petroleum Co. #A-1 Cooper Estate 20-77-7 Frontier Fm. Tensleep Sndst . Max Pray ill-B Cooper Estate Steele Sh. (Shannon) Frontier Fin. Dakota Sndst. Sundance Fm. Tensleep Sndst . 73 KcRae Oil h Gas Corp. ltl Cooper Steele Sh. (Shannon) 56 Clinton Oil Co. 11-1 Cooper Block Mesaverde Fm.

57 , Signal Oil (4 Gas Co. 14-22 Federal Steele Sh. (Shannon) Dakota Sndst. Sundance Fm. 72 Ohio Oil Co. 85 20-78-24 dba Lakota Sndst. 71 Marathon Oil Co. t 1 20-78-24 . . Lakota Sndst . 70 Ohio Oil Co. #1 Diamond Ranch 20-78-24 Muddy Sndst . 69 Marathon Oil Co. #7 Diamond Ranch 20-78-25 Muddy Sndst. Table IV- I. (continued)

- - Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company Interval of Production b d No. or Owner Name of Well ~ocation' ' Source (Top-bottom in feet) (gal/min)

Ohio Oil Co. il3 20-78-27 ? Ohio Oil Co. #2 Harrison-Cooper 20-78-27 Steele Sh. Ohio Oil Co. #9 Dixon 20-78-34 Lakota Sndst. Ohio Oil Co. #lo 20-78-34 Steele Sh. (Shannon) Ohio Oil Co. ill4 20-78-34 Muddy Sndst . Ohio Oil Co. 14 Diamond 20-78-35 Sundance Fm. Ohio Oil Co. #6 20-78-35 Dakota Sndst . Marathon Oil Co. 5\11 Diamond 20-78-35 Dakota Sndst . Ohio Oil Co. ill Har rison-Cooper 20-78-35 Sundance Fm. Ohio Oil Co. #9 Harrison-Cooper 20-78-35 Sundance Fm. Ohio Oil Co. ill6 Harrison-Cooper 20-78-35 dac Lakota Sndst . Cabeen Exploration Corp. fl 20-79-2 d Muddy Sndst . Morrison Fm. Sundance Frn. McElory Ranch Co. #2 Horne Bros. 20-79-11 dab Muddy Sndst. Stanolind Oil 6 Gas Co. 511 - U.S.A. 20-79-14 Lakota Sndst . Newman Bros. Drilling Co. #1 Johnson-Evans 20-80-20 Dakota Sndst. Sundauce Fm. Amoco Production Co. B1-A Orton Sundance Fm. Newman Bros. Drilling Co. #1 U.P.R.R. - Irene Muddy Sndst. Dakota Sndst. Lakota Sndst. Sundance Fm.

Consolidated Oil & Gas, Inc. Y3 Pass Creek Frontier Em. Tensleep Sndst. Pan American Pet. Corp. ill U.P.R.R. Anschutz Sundance Frn. Pan American Pet. Corp. HZ U.P.R.R. Anschutz Sundance Frn. APCO Oil Corp. 91 Seirson Muddy Sndst . Dakota Sndst. Lakota Sndst. Sundance Fm. 47 G. Aubrey #1 Menke Dakota Sndst.

48 Gruenemald & Associates it2 Menke ' Muddy Sndst. Dakota Snds t . 49 Consolidated Oil & Gas, Inc. #6 Pass Creek Frontier Fm. Tensleep Sndst . Table IV- I. (continued)

Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company Interval of Production b d No. or Owner ' Name of Well ~ocation' Source (Top-bottom in feet) (aallmin)

42 Brown 6 Associates 51 U.P.R.R. - West 20-81-23 Muddy Sndst. 3,516-3,539 Dakota Sndst. 3,646-3,692 Lakota Sndst. 3,710-3,772 Morrison Fm. 4,038-4,052 Sundance Fm. 4,184-4,230 10 Sohio Petroleum Co. 111 Malmquist 21-76-33 Dakota Sndst. 2,200-2,330 Sundance Fm. 2,960-3,000 Tensleep Sndst . 4,770-4,864 British American Oil 21-78-16 bab Dakota Sndst. 5,845- ? Sundance Em. 6,361- ? Anschutz Corp. ill-20 21-78-20 Lakota Sndst . 6,780-6,830 R. G. Berry Co. 51-26 Federal 21-78-26 adc Sundance Em. 6,882-6,896 Ohio Oil Co. & California Co. #5 Cronberg 21-79-25 bb Dakota Sndst . 5,576-5,612 Lakota Sndst . 5,620-5,638 Producers & Refiners Corp. 11 1 Ohio Oil Co. il4 Cronberg 21-79-25 Sundance Em. 5,544-5,617 Southwestern Pet. Co. 6 111 U.P. 21-79-25 Steele Sh. (Shannon) 1,670-1,680 Cliff Oil Ohio Oil Co. iC2 State 21-79-36 Sundance Fm. 5,606-5,698 Sundance Fm. 5,774-5,792 Jelm Fm. 5,836-5,893 Ohio Oil Co. Simpson Ridge Water Well fl 21-80-17 Mesaverde Fm. 686- 781 Mesaverde Fm. 811- 894 21 Continental Oil Co. Ill U.P. 21-80-17 Dakota Sndst. 11,166-11,215 35 Ohio Oil Co. Simpson Ridge Water Well #2 21-80-18 Mesaverde Fm. 400- ? 36 Kimbark Operating Co. %1 U.P.R.R. 21-80-19 Quealy Sndst . 3,670- ? Mowry Sh. 11,480- ? Muddy Sh. 11,624- ? Dakota Sndst. 11,730- ? Lakota Sndst. 11,800- ? Sundance Fm. 12,024- ? 22 King-Stevenson Oil Co., Inc. 81 U.P.R.R. 21-80-20 bd Steele Sh. (Shannon) 1,372-1,450 23 Western Oil Fields, Inc. #I-A U.P.R.R. 21-80-20 bdc Quealy Sndst. 715- 750 24 Producers & Refiners Corp. #14 Simpson Ridge 21-80-20 Mesaverde Fm. 115- 120 Mesaverde Fm. 435- 443 . . Mesaverde Fm. 460- 465 Mesaverde Fm. 681- 682 Hatson Oil Co. #15 Simpson Ridge 21-80-21 Mesaverde Fm. 316- 338 Ohio Oil Co. ill Simpson Ridge 21-80-20 Quealy Sndst . 2,620-2,910 Table IV-I. (continued)

Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company b of Production No. or Owner Name of Well ~ocationC Sourced (Top-bottomInterval in feet) (gal/min)

Producers & Refiners Corp. #4 Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. Quealy Sndst. Producers & Refiners Corp. W6 Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Hatson Oil Co. #3 Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Producers & Refiners Corp. #lo Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Quealy Sndst. Tri-State Oil & Ref. Co . Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. Producers & Refiners Corp. #7 Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. Producers & Refiners Corp. #13 Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Quealy Sndst. Producers & Refiners Corp. #8 Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. Producers & Refiners Corp. 19 Simpson Ridge Mesaverde Fm. Mesaverde Fm. R. G. Berry Co. #1-24 Federal Muddy Sndst. R. G. Berry Co. ii2-26 Federal Dakota Sndst . Producers & Refiners Corp. 81 St. Mary's ? Ohio Oil Co. 111 Deline ? ? Ft. Steele Oil Synd. /I1 Fort Steele ? ? McElroy Ranch Co. Dakota Sndst. Lakota Sndst. Robbers Roost #1 Robbers Roost Dakota Sndst . Lakota Sndst . Sundance Fn. Medicine Bow Oil Co. 111 East Allen Lake Wall Creek Sndst. 597- 633 King-Stevenson Gas & Oil Co. bl U.P.R.R. Lakota Sndst . 1,456-1,500 Tensleep Sndst. 4,149-4,229 Cunningham Oil Co. 83 Cronberg Muddy Sndst . 1,560-1,575 Dakota Sndst. 1,675-1,685 Dakota Sndst. 1,750-1,825 Lakota Sndst . 1,840-1,910 Table IV-I. (continued)

------Depth to Production Reported Rate Drilling Company Interval of Production . b d No. or Owner - Name of Well ~ocationC Source (Top-bottom in feet) (gal/min)

4 Amerada Pet. Co. #l Sullivan 26-80-17 aab Lakota Sndst. 745- 783 3 Featherstone Development Corp. 81 Donna - Govt. 27-78-12 Dakota Sndst . 1,288-1,328 2 Perkins Oil Co. #1 Nall 28-78-22 cc Muddy Sndst. 1,140-1,170 Sundance Fm. 1,580-1,625 Tensleep Sndst. 2,922-3,180 1 W. C. Kirkwood tll-25 Govt. 28-81-25 Frontier Fm. 1,984-2,020 Muddy Sndst. 2,948-2,982 Dakota Sndst. 3,038-3,050 Lakota Sndst . 3,106-3,130

a~ourcesof data include Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (various); U.S. Geological Survey; Wyoming Geological Association (1957); Petroleum Information (various).

b~urnberscorrespond to numbered locations on Figure IV-l.

C~ownshipnorth - Range west - section - quarter section, etc. U.S. Geological Survey well numbering system shown in Appendix A. .e d~ges,thicknesses, and lithologic descriptions listed on Table IV-11. ALBANY

Encampment

e67 Petroleum test well- 0 , I?, ,2,0 , 3,: ,4,0 M;les Numeral corresponds to' , well number listed in 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 K~lometers Table IV-I.

Figure IV-1. Locations of selected petroleum test wells, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Tertiary Aquifer

The Tertiary aquifer is comprised of the North Park, Browns

Park, White River, Wind River, Hanna, Ferris, and Medicine Bow formations. Table IV-2 shows the thicknesses of the various units. The aquifer is a complex sequence of discontinuous, lenticular, fine- to-coarse-grain sandstone, fine-to-coarse-pebble conglomerate, coal, siltstone,and shale with interbedded calcareous and organic shale, friable dirty sandstone,and tuff. The interstitial permeability of the aquifer is the greatest of any of the lithologic units in the area. Permeabilities range between 20 and 2,050 gallons/day- 2 foot based on data presented in Table IV-3.

Much of the Tertiary section is elevated and dissected in the study area, and in such locations the aquifer is unconfined. In the central part of the Hanna and Shirley basins and in Saratoga

Valley the aquifer is structurally depressed and laterally continuous, and in these areas the aquifer is semi-confined. Recharge to the aquifer is largely by direct infiltration of precipitation into Tertiary outcrops. Additional recharge occurs from stream losses into Tertiary outcrops and by vertical leakage from underlying strata. Most recharge to the Tertiary aquifer occurs between March and August when monthly precipitation is greatest. Insufficient data exist to allow meaningful recharge estimates for the Tertiary aquifer.

Springs discharge from the Tertiary aquifer in the northern

Laramie basin and throughout the Hanna and Shirley basins (Dana,

1962; Littleton, 1950; Saulnier, 1968; Visher, 1952). Most of the springs discharge between 1 and 10 gallons/minute; however, selected springs discharge 25 to 50 gallons/minute during peak recharge seasons. Table IV-2. Ages, thicknesses, lithologies, and hydrologic properties of the rocks in the Laramie, Shirley, and Banna basins, Wyoming.

Geologic Thickness Era Period Unit (feet) Lithologic Description Hydrologic Properties Precambrian - - Undifferentiated - Complex of igneous and metamorphic Permeable along joints, fractures, rocks. Predominantly granite, and faults. Locally yields water to granite gneiss, schist, hornblende shallow wells and springs along out- schist, aplite and basic dikes. crops (1-25 gpm). Water quality is good with total dissolved solids less than 300 mg/l.

Paleozoic Mississippian Madison Limestone 0-270 Lower: red, angular-grain, poorly Locally yields water to small sorted, quartzitic sandstone and springs and seeps along northern conglomerate. Upper: buff to pink, terminus of Laramie Mountains. fine- to coarse-crystalline lime- Generally not considered an aquifer stone with red and black chert in study area. nodules and bands.

Mississippian- Amsden Formation 0-200 Lower: Darwin sandstone, white Not considered an aquifer. Pennsylvanian to red,thinly laminated, medium- to coarse-grain, friable sandstone. Upper: non-resistant alternating beds of red shales, thinly-bedded buff to red, and gray arenaceous limestone and sandstone.

Pennsylvanian Fountain Formation 0-575 Red to pink, arkosic sandstone, Highly permeable where jointed, siltstone, and conglomerate. fractured, and faulted. Fair to good intergranular permeability. Hydraulically connected with Casper Formation by fractures. Yields good quality water, with total dissolved solids generally less than 500 mg/l, to wells and springs along west flank of Laramie Mountains. Yields poor quality water, with total dissolved solids greater than 2,000 mg/l, to wells fn central Laramie basin.

Pennsylvanian Casper-Tensleep 200-3800 Casper: buff , pink to red, cross- Casper: comprised of a series of Formation bedded, well cemented, quartzose permeable sandstones and virtually to subarkosic sandstone with fine impermeable limestones. The presence to coarse pebble conglomerates, of the limestone confining beds white to pink microcrystalline creates a series of interbedded limestone interbeds. Minor inter- confined sandstone subaquifers that beds of red to pink siltstone and are hydraulically integrated into shale. Tensleep: white, buff to one aquifer system by faults and pink, cross-bedded, fine-grain, fractures. Principal municipal and well-sorted quartzose sandstone. private-domestic ground water supply (continued) Table IV- 2. (continued)

Geologic Thickness Era Period Unit (feet) Lithologic Description Hydrologic Properties

Paleozoic Pennsylvanian Casper-Tensleep in Laramie basin. Yields good (continued) (continued) (continued) quality water to wells and springs near recharge areas along the flanks of Laramie and Snowy Range mountains. Water quality deteriorates with buried depth of unit in basin, with total dissolved solids greater than 3,000 mg/l. Tensleep: permeable along joints, fractures and faults. Small intergranular permeability. Yields good quality water, with total dissolved solids generally less than 500 mg/l, to wells and springs along flanks of Freezeout Mountains. Yields poor quality water, with total dissolved solids greater than 3,000 mg/l to deep basin wells. Reported discharges for Casper-Tensleep springs range from 1 to 3,000 gpm, whereas reported well yields for the same unit range from 1 to 8,000 gpm.

Pennsylvanian- Goose Egg 200-400 Complex sequence of interbedded Generally considered a regional Permian Formation red shales, siltstones, poorly confining layer. Locally, scattered sorted, fine-grain sandstone, permeable sandstone and fractured gypsum, dolomitic limestone, and limestone interbeds yield minor limestone breccia. The following quantities (1-15 gpm) of water to units are roughly equivalent to wells. the Goose Egg Fm. in the various basins included in this study. Satanka Shale: calcareous red shale, siltstone, and gypsum. Sybille tongue or Satanka Shale : 21 it thick, fossiliferous sandstone marker bed situated nearly midway through Satanka Shale; pink to buff, poorly-sorted, medium-grain, mottled sandstone, with scattered limey shale, limey sandstone, and gypsum interbeds. Opeche Fm.: red, soft, slabby sandstone and sandy shale redbeds, with scattered gypsum interbeds. Minnekahta Limestone: thinly- bedded, gray limestone, grading locally to redbeds, shales, and siltstone. Forelle Limestone: gray, hard, dense limestone, with dark gray chert nodules; grades locally to red shale and siltstone with evosum interbeds. Table IV-2 . (continued)

Geologic Thickness Era Period Unit (feet) Lithologic Description Hydrologic Properties

Paleozoic- Permian- Chugwater 500-1,400 Red Peak member: alternating beds Generally considered a regional Mesozoic' Triassic Format ion . of light green and red siltstone, confining layer. Basal sandstones shale, and silty sandstone. are water~bearingthroughout Laramie Alcova Limestone: maroon to basin; however yields are small purple, hard limestone. (less than 10 gpm) and water quality poor, with total dissolved solids from 1,000 to 2,500 mg/l.

Mesozoic Triassic Jelm Formation . 60-240 Lower: succession of interbedded Artesian conditions with sufficient orange, brown, fine- to medium- heads to produce flows of 10-25 grain sandstone, with red and gpm are encountered in basal sand- green siltstone and shale. Upper: stone and conglomerate throughout basal congwerate grading to red, study area. brown, fine- to coarse-grain, quartzose and cherty sandstone. Cross-bedded sandstone lenses scattered throughout.

Jurassic Nugget Sandstone 50-100 White, yellow to buff, fine- Large intergranular porosity and grain, friable, limey . permeability. Water- and oil-bearing sandstone; massive cross- throughout much of study area.

bedded, and very porous.. V Hydraulically connected with Sundance formation. Artesian conditions with sufficient heads to produce flows of 50-100 gpm are reported for selected deep basin wells. Water qualitv is generally poor with total dissolved solids from 1,000 to 3,000 mg/l.

Jurassic Sundance Formation 25-290 Canyon Springs member: white to Large intergranular porosity and yellow, fine-grain, limonitic, permeability in basal sandstones. thinly-laminated friable sandstone. Upper sands are well-cemented and Stockade-Beaver Shale: inter- . have low permeabilities. Artesian bedded, gray-green shale, lime- conditions are reported in basal stone, and fine-grain, poorly- sandstones with sufficient heads to cemented sandstone. Hulett member: produce flows of 1-50 gpm. Unit is white to green, fine-grain, an important petroleum reserve. limey sandstone. Lak member: Water quality is variable. Selected orange-red, fine-grain , lhey springs near Medicine Bow, Wyo. dis- sandstone, with red to maroon, charge water with total dissolved silty, calcareous shale and silt- solids less than 500 mg/l, whereas stone interbeds. Redwater Shale: water from selected deep basin test lenticular, cross-bedded, glauco- wells contain total dissolved solids nitic sandstone with sandy coquina exceeding 3,000 mg/l. limestone interbeds; grades upward to dark green to gray-black glauconitic calcareous shales and claystone. Table IV-2 . (continued)

Geologic Thickness Era Period Unit (feet) Lithologic Description Hydrologic Properties

Mesozoic Jurassic a Morrison Formation 125-320 Lower: discontinuous beds of red- Generally not considered an (continued ) brown to dark gray, sandy mudstone, aquifer, although locally some and gray to green cross-bedded, saturated discontinuous basal sand- fine-grain sandstone and siltstone lenses have been encountered stone. Middle: alternating thin in petroleum test wells near beds of marlstone and variegated Medicine Bow, Wyo. Reported yields mudstone; local scattered sand- are less than 5 gpm, and water stone interbeds. Upper: red, gray, quality poor with total dissolved and black bentonitic mudstone, with solids greater than 5,000 mg/l. scattered lenses of fine-grain Unit is generally considered a - sandstone and fine-crystalline confining layer. limestone.

Cretaceous Cloverly Formation 50-200 Lakota member: light gray, poorly- Considered a major aquifer in sorted basal conglomerate grading study area. Intergranular porosity locally to well-sorted, fine- to and permeability is good. Perme- medium-grained sandstone. Fuson abilities are large in tectonically Shale: greenish-gray siltstone, deformed areas. Ground water has claystone, and fine-grain sand- been encountered under artesian stone interbeds. Dakota 'member: conditions with sufficient heads to buff, gray, and brown, arenaceous, produce flows of 1-150 gpm in well-sorted, fine- to medium- petroleum tests and water wells. grain sandstone. Water qualities are highly variable with total dissolved solids from 188 to 24,000 mg/l.

Cretaceous Thermopolis Shale 80-210 Dark green, brown to black, Unit is a regional confining layer. fissile shale and claystone, with gypsum and siltstone interbeds. Numerous fine-grain, concre- tionary sandstone lenses in upper part of unit.

Cretaceous Muddy Sandstone 25-40 Gray to tan, thinly-bedded, Important oil and water-bearing poorly- to well-sorted, fine- unit. Ground water is generally to medium-grain, cross-bedded under artesian conditions with sandstone. Grades locally to sufficient heads to produce flows siltstone and black, fissile of 1-20 gpm. Water qualities are shale. generally poor with total dissolved solids from 4,000 to 10,000 mg/l.

Cretaceous Mowry Shale 90-300 Dark brown to black, resistant Unit is a regional confining layer. siliceous shale and claystone. Table IV- 2. (continued)

Geologic Thickness Era Period Unit (feet) Lithologic Descriptions Hydrologic Properties

Mesozoic Cretaceous Frontier Formation Non-resistant dark gray, brown and Wall Creek member and some discon- (cont inued) black shale with numerous sandy tinuous sandstone lenses yield shale interbeds. Discontinuous, water under artesian conditions to well-cemented, fine- to medium- petroleum tests and stock wells. grain salt and pepper sandstone. Yields are typically less than 10 Wall Creek member: fine- to medium- gpm with maximum yields not grained salt and pepper sandstone, exceeding 25 gpm. with thinly laminated dark gray to black shale interbeds.

Cretaceous Niobrara Shale Carlisle Shale: gray to black Generally considered a confining laminated calcareous shale. layer. Few local saturated sand- Sage Breaks member: series of stone lenses. Water qualities are cream to yellowish-white, chalky, extremely poor with total dissolved jointed limestone with gray solids about 55,000 mg/l. calcareous shale interbeds. Top of unit is marked by fine- grain salt and pepper sandstone.

Cretaceous Steele Shale Dark brown, gray to black shale, Artesian conditions with sufficient with tan to light brown heads to produce flows of 1-25 gprn argillaceous sandstone interbeds. typically encountered in petroleum Shannon Sandstone member: fine- tests and water wells penetrating grain, clean to argillaceous Shannon Sandstone member. Water sandstone commonly glauconitic, qualities are generally fair with with dark gray shale interbeds. total dissolved solids about 1,000 mg/l. Unit is generally considered a regional confining layer.

Cretaceous Mesaverde Alternating beds of white to Unit is an aquifer throughout study Formation brown, fine- to medium-grain, area, and locally is an important cross-bedded sandstone; dark gray domestic and stock water supply. to black carbonaceous siltstone Intergranular and fracture perme- and shale; coal beds common abilities are large. Yields from throughout unit. Pine Ridge water wells are typically from 1-33 Sandstone member: flaggy, brown gpm. Water qualities are good with to buff, medium-grain, salt total dissolved solids generally and pepper sandstone with thin less than 1,000 rng/l. carbonaceous shale and siltstone lenses. Minor thin coal beds locally.

Cretaceous Lewis Shale Lower: gray, black, and brown, Unit is a confining layer, although argillaceous siltstone, shale and local scattered and discontinuous sandy shale. Middle: light gray sandstone lenses are saturated. Water to brown, fine- to medium-grain, qualities are poor with total dissolved poorly sorted , friable , argillaceous solids exceeding 2,500 mg/l. Data are sandstone with thin siltstone and not available for well yields. shale interbeds. Upper: gray, black, and brown argillaceous siltstone, shale, and sandy shale. Table IV-2. (continued)

Geologic Thickness Era Period Unit (feet) Lithologic Description Hydrologic Properties

Mesozoic Cretaceous Medicine Bow Lower: resistant, thinly-bedded, Locally yields water to springs and (continued) Format ion brown, gray, and buff, fine-grain shallow wells along outcrop, south sandstone, with coal and gray- flank of Freezeout Mountains. brown, calcareous variegated shale interbeds. Upper: brown to black calcareous shale.

Mesozoic- Cretaceous- Ferris Formation Lower: irregular, thinly-bedded. Unit is comprised of a complex Cenozoic Tertiary chert, feldspar, and quartzite series of nearly impermeable shale conglomerate, with light to dark and siltstone confining layers, gray carbonaceous shale and coarse- and permeable sandstone, coal and grain sandstone. Upper: irreg- conglomerate beds. Highly sinuous ular and lenticular buff and brown, and localized channel sandstones moderately- to poorly-sorted and discontinuous coal beds are sandstone, with black carbonaceous the predominant subaquifers. The shale and coal interbeds. channel sandstones have good intergranular permcabilities, whereas permeabilities in coal aquifers are largely fracture enhanced. Well yields from 1-100 gpm are reported for the various saturated and permeable zones in the unit. Water qualities are fair, with total dissolved solids generally bethreen 1,000 to 2,000 mg/l (TDS extremes are 610 and 6,870 mg/l).

, Cenozoic Tertiary Hanna Formation Basal contact marked by conglom- Unit is comprised of a complex eratic sandstone. Alternating series of nearly impermeable shale thin beds of yellow to gray shale, and siltstone confining layers and black carbonaceous shale, gray to permeable sandstone, coal, clinker, brown, massive to cross-bedded and conglomerate layers. Artesian calcareous sandstone, and thin conditions exist locally with suffi- conglomerate lenses. Numerous coal cient heads to produce flows of up beds. to 20 gpm. Selected pumping wells completed in channel sandstones and conglomerates produce from 1 to 100 gpm, whereas wells completed in coal seams generally produce less than 20 gpm. Water qualities are variable with total dissolved solids from 550 to 4,000 mg/l.

Tertiary Wind River Formation 0-500 Alternating beds of coarse, Principal water'bearing unit friable, conglomerate; friable, in Shirley basin. well-sorted, rounded, medium- Water qualities are generally good grain, quartz sandstone; with total dissolved solids less variegated claystone and shale. than 500 mg/l. Table IV-2 . (continued)

Geologic Thickness Era Period Unit (feet) Lithologic Description Hydrologic Properties

Cenozoic Tertiary Wagon Bed Formation 0-150 Well-cemented, conglomeratic Yields water locally to springs and (continued) arkosic sandstone, with clay matrix; seeps along outcrop. overlain by variegated clay-rich mudstone and tuffaceous pyroclastic- rich sandstone.

Tertiary White River 0-500 Series of interbedded volcanic Principal water bearing unit in Shirley Format ion ash layers, tuffs, lenticular and basin. Permeabilities are largely channel sandstones, and conglomer- intergranular. Water-bearing sands ate. Basal part of unit consists are commonly within 300 ft.of ground of consolidated, unsorted conglom- surface. Well yields are generally erate; overlain by layers of from 1 to 10 g?m. Total dissolved tuffaceous clay, sand, and sandy solids are generally less than 500 conglomerate. Unit is capped by mg/l. resistant arkosic channel conglomerate.

Tertiary Browns Park 0-1,500 Lenticular, poorly-consolidated, Yields water to wells and Format ion sandy, conglomerate at base: springs in Saratoga Valley. - e overlain by calcareo~sand sili- Dependable source of ground water ceous, coarse- to medium-grain for domestic and stock use. Reported sandstone. Locally contains production for wells generally range thin, discontinuous limestone and between 1-100 gpm. Total dissolved bentonite lenses. solids are generally less than 500 rng/l.

Tertiary North Park 0-1,700 Pale-yellowish-brown sandstone Highly productive water-bearing Format ion and siltstone, light-gray cherty unit in Saratoga Valley. Large limestone, and white chalky intergranular permeability. marlstone and volcanic ash. Production for wells is generally between 1-300 gpm. Maximum reported spring discharge is about 1,300 gpm. Total dissolved solids are generally less than 500 mg/l.

Quaternary Alluvium and 0-loo+ Unconsolidated, interbedded, Highly permeable and productive terrace deposits silt, sand, and gravel. water-bearing deposits. Possible yields from 1 to greater than 1,000 gpm. Total dissolved solids generally less than 500 mg/l. Table IV- 3. Hydrologic data arranged by formation for selected water wells drilled in the Lararnie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, wyoming.'

Satu- rated Hydraulic Thick- Condue- Trans- Permea- Storage Source Test Duration ness Yield Drawdown Specific tivity missivity bility2 Coef- ' b Well Name or Owner Locat ion Date (hrs) (ft) (gpm) (ft) Capacity (ft/dy) (gpdlft) (gpd1ft)ficient Data Source NORTH PARK FORMATION Ron #l 4- 9-80 24 155 10.9 84 .01 Richter (various) Ron #2 4-10-80 8 82 23.1 170 .0015 Richter (various) Lam /!l 4-11-80 2 180 6.6 5 0 .01 Richter (various) EROW?UIS PARK FORMATION unnamed we 11 N.A. 24 115 19.76 150 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

WHITE RIVER FORMATION Shirley Basin Mine 2205 7-27-78 24 180 9.6 75 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Shirley Basin Mine 31943 8- 9-78 24 2 00 14.7 110 N.A. Wyo. Sz. Engineer (various)

Shirley Basin Mine W13 4- 4-78 24 175 12.4 80 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

WIND RIVER FORPIATION Petronomics 3A1 7-16-79 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

mTSA FORWTION Carbon County Coal P-1 7-12-78 24 23 16.3 120 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Carbon County Coal P-2 9- 7-78 24 23 20.9 160 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Carbon County Coal P-3 9- 7-78 24 20 28.0 210 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

. Carbon County Coal P-5 7-15-78 24 12 28.9 216 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Carbon County Coal P-6 7-14-78 24 15 32.1 240 N.A. k'yo. St. Engineer (various)

Seminoe S2W-1 12- 1-76 N. A. 20 24.1 180 N.A. Kyo. St. Engineer (variousj

Seminoe S2W-3 12- 2-76 N.A. 2 0 2.7 20, N .A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Seminoe S2W-4 12- 3-76 N.A. 20 53.5 400 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Table IV-. 3 . (continued)

Satu- rated Hydraulic Thick- Conduc- Trans- Permea- Storage Source Test Duration ness Yield Drawdown Specific tivity missivity bility2 Coef - Well Name or Owner ~ocation Date (hrs) (ft) (gpm) (ft) ,Capacity .(ft/dy) .(gpd/ft) (gpdlft )'ficient Data Source Seminoe S2W-5 1-21-77 N.A. 20 1450 N.A. Wyo.(various St. ) Engineer

Seminoe S2W-6 12- 1-76 N.A. 20 5 0 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Seminoe S2W-7 12- 2-76 N.A. 20 90 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) FERRIS FORMATION Xcdicine Bow Coal Co. 350 N .A. Wyo. St. Engineer mw- 1 ivar ious) Medicine Bow Coal Co. 2050 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer MBW- 2 (various) Xedicine Bow Coal Co. 4 10 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer MBW-3 (various) Ln o\ Yedicine Bow Coal Co. 450 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer XBV-4 (various) Xed icine Bowj Coal Co. 200 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer mw-5 (various) Medicine Bow Coal Co. 20 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer 4ISW- 6 (var io11.s) Zedicine Bow Coal Co. 120 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer mx- 7 (various) Seninoe SlW-1 4 10 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Seminoe SlW-2 190 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Serninoe SlW-4 480 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) MESAVERRE FORUTION a unnamed well N.A. 24 140 21 5 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

-STEELE SHALE Wyo. St. Highway Dept. N.A. 3 4 0 10 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) CLOVERLY FORWTION Elk Mountain 6-21-79 48 N.A. .3 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wester (1980) CASPER FOR."(ATION Simpson N.A. N.A. N.A. 45 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wester (1980; Table IV- 3 . (continued)

Satu- rated Hydraulic Thick- Conduc Trans- Permea- Storage Source Test Duration ness Yield Drawdown Specific tivity missivity bility2 Coef- Data Source Well Name or Owner ~ocation Date q (hrs) (ft) (gpm) (ft) Capacity (ft/dy) , (gpdlft) (gpd/ft ) ficient E. Pond 1 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ferguson (1972) E. Pond 8 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ferguson (1972) E. Pond 2 N,A. N .A. N.A. N.A. Ferguson (1972) M. Harokopis 8 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Fergusor? (1972) Huntoon #1 11 38 1.5 10 N.A. Lundy (1978) Rice #1 3 N.A. N .A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Anders #l 8 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) R~bison81 2 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Knight #l 2 N.A. N. A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer Cn (various) ll Augustin #1 2 N.A. N. A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

G4P #1 .5 N.A. N.A. N .A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Waters #1 2 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Enginerr (vario~s)

Endsley #l 2 N.A. N.A. N.A. 3. A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Ucited Pentecostal 81 1 N.A. N.A. N .A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Bradshaw 111 N.A. N.A. N.A. N .A. N. A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

- Mary Etta 81 2 N. A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (variousj

Denzin 92 2 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Spiegelherg #1 1 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various)

Johnson #1 2 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Vyo. St. Engineer (various) Wyo. St. Engineer Rector 111 N.A. N.A. N.A. ?3 .A. N.A. (various) Table IV- 3 (continued)

Satu- rated Hydraulic Thick- Conduc Trans- Pennea- Source Test Duration ness Yield Drawdown Specific tivity missivity bility2 Coef-

Well Name or Owner . Location . Date . (hrs) , (ft) , (gpm) . (ft) + Capacity (£tidy) . (gpd/ft) (gpd/ft )' f icient . Data Source Cockran #1 6- 1-60 1 N.A. 15 2 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) En1 Stahl 81 5- 4-77 2 N.A. 20 1.3 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Neely #1 11-10-77 -5 N.A. 30 .2 N .A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Bock #l 3-15-76 3 N.A. 20 .8 N.A. N .A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Gunn #I 7- 1-72 1 N.A. .5 2 0 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Fulton Water #336 9- 3-72 1 N.A. 10 2 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Denzin I1 2-26-68 M.A. N.A. .5 5 0 N .A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer Cn (various) 00 Wyatts #1 3-23-71 2 N.A. 30 .7 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) McCraw #1 10- 2-76 2 N.A. 30 .3 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) McGraw 82 9- 3-76 2 N.A. 25 .6 N. A. N.A. N.A. Kyo. St. Engineer (various) Wambean #1 7-20-74 2 N.A. 120 .1 N.A. N .A. N.A. Wyo.(various St. ) Engineer

Sucharda I1 6-28-73 2 N.A. 20 1.5 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Seay jf1 2- 5-74 2 N.A. 10 1 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Richard 81 3-24-74 1 N.A. 165 .1 N.A. N .A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Turcato 81 2- 2-76 2 N. A. 20 1.3 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Lebeda fl 6- 1-76 2 N.A. 2 0 1 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Dunlay #1 6-29-77 2 N.A. 20 1.3 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Turner fl 6-28-77 N.A. 650 14.80 101 17 5 0 .0001 Nelson (197 6) Turner #2 N.A. N.A. 650 N.A. N.A. 28 90 .0005 Wester (1980) Table IV- 3 . (continued)

Satu- rated Hydraulic Thick- Conduc- Trans- Perme- Source Test Duration ness Yield Drswdown Specific t ivity missivity b. Well Name or Owner Location Date (hrs) (it) kpm) (ft) Capacity (f t/dy) (gpd/ft) (i:ilitq)dlft Coefficient Data Source

J. 0. Arp 12-01-69 3 4 1 20 5 4 2 6 195 N.A. Ferguson (197 2) R. Smith 2-01-66 1.5 45 35 10 3.5 21 155 N.A. Ferguson (1972) Pope #2 N.A. N.A. 700 N.A. N.A. N.A. 2 3 230 .001 Wester (1980) Mcnolith #1 N.A. N.A. 575 N.A. N.A. N.A. ,32 1.- . N.A. Lundy (1978) Monolith 12 N. A. N.A. 575 N.A. N.A. N.A. .32 2 N.A. Lundy (1975) Ideal f2 N.A. N. A. 580 N.A. N.A. N.A. .22 2 N.A. Davis (1976) Cathedral Home N.A. N.A. 60 N.A. N.A. N.A. 1.3 10 N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Wyo. Tech, Inst. N.A. N.A. 50 N.A. N.A. N.A. 2.6 2 0 N .A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) USEX Retort r'll 1-25-69 4 8 180 10 17 7 .06 .11 1 N.A. Dana (1969) Wyo. Central N.A. N.A. 385 N.A. N.A. N.A. .13 N.A. N.A. Evers (1973)

A LC oa 3-04-75 504 N.A. 1500 127 11.8 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Lietz #1 (McGuire) N.A. 24 N.A. 3900 1 3900 N.A. N.A. N.A. Wyo. St. Engineer (various) Xedicine Bow $1 5-16-78 26 N.A. 995 9.6 104 3870 &.A. N.A. Wester (1980)

a~.~.= not available. b~ownshipnorth - Range west- section - quarter section, etc. U.S. Geological Survey well numbering system shown in Appendix A. One particularly important spring that discharges from the Tertiary

aquifer is Lake Creek spring, situated in T. 18 N., R. 83 W., Sec. 30.

According to Visher (1952, p. 8) the spring "...is probably fault

controlled" and discharged an estimated 1,300 gallons/minute from

the North Park Formation during August 1978 (Wyoming State Engineer,

various). The spring is developed by the Wyoming Game and Fish Depart- ment and supplies water needs for the Saratoga Fish Hatchery.

The Tertiary aquifer is partially comprised of coal. Coal is

particularly important to this study because numerous coal seams

and subsidiary clinker deposits comprise some of the most productive

subaquifers within the Tertiary aquifer. For example, based on data

presented in Table IV-3, permeabilities in coal/clinker deposits 2 range between 410 and 2,050 gallons/day-foot , whereas yields for

selected wells range between 4 and 100 gallonslminute.

Cloverly Aquifer

The Cloverly aquifer underlies the central parts of the Laramie,

Shirley,and Hanna basins, and includes the Cretaceous Cloverly Formation.

The Cloverly Formation is comprised of three members which are, in

ascending order, the (1) Lakota, (2) Fuson Shale, and (3) Dakota

(Table IV-2). These rocks are 50 to 200 feet thick in the area.

Outcrops of the unit are shown on Plate C-2. Water in the aquifer

is under confined conditions throughout the study area as evidenced

by artesian flows of 1 to 150 gallons/minute at the well heads of

selected petroleum tests (wells 1, 3, 4, 43, 45, 47) (Table IV-1).

The Cloverly aquifer is comprised of two permeable zones, the

Lakota and Dakota members, which are separated by the Fuson Shale

leaky confining layer. The presence of the Fuson Shale creates two confined subaquifers within the Cloverly aquifer that are hydrau-

lically connected by faults and fractures.

The most productive horizon in the Cloverly Formation is the

Lakota member. Based on hydrologic data presented in Tables IV-3

and IV-4, permeabilities in the Lakota member range between 1 and

15 gallons/day-foot2, and transmissivities range between 5 and 1,500

gallons/day-foot. Permeabilities in the Dakota member generally

range between 0.3 and 2 gallons/day-f oot2, whereas transmissivities

range between 10 and 20 gallons/day-f oot .

Based on core samples from the Cloverly Formation a good qualitative

estimate of primary permeability and porosity is "good to very good"

(Core Lab, various; Halliburton Services, Inc., various; Wyoming

Geological Association, 1957). The fact that this unit is not generally

artificially fractured or stimulated in petroleum fields in the area

attests to the good permeability-porosity rating.

Recharge to the Cloverly aquifer occurs largely by (1) direct

infiltration of precipitation into Cloverly outcrops, and (2) leakage

from adjacent units. Insufficient data exist to allow meaningful

estimates of recharge to the aquifer.

The feasibility of developing ground-water supplies from the

Cloverly aquifer is good in the area. Although primary permeabilities

are good, the best prospects are situated along or near structurally

deformed areas where permeabilities are fracture enhanced.

Casper-Tensleep Aquifer

The Casper-Tensleep aquifer includes the Permian-Pennsylvanian

Casper Formation and the Pennsylvanian Tensleep Sandstone. The term

Casper-Tensleep is used here because the Casper Formation and Tensleep Table IV- 4 Hydrologic data arranged by source for selected oil and gas fields in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming.

- - Average Thickness of Average Average Estimated Source Producing Interval Porosity Permeability ~ransmissivit~~ b No. Name of Field ~ocationC (feet) (XI (md (gal/day-ft) MESAVERDE FO~TION- Quealy Sand Simpson Ridge 21-80 STEELE SHALE - Shannon Sandstone Big Medicine Bow, South 20-79 Diamond Dome 20-77 Dutton Creek 18-78 Rex Lake 16-77 NIOERARA FORMATION G. P. Dome 25-86 -THEXMOPOLIS SHALE - Muddy Sandstone Dutton Creek 18-78 Rex Lake 16-77 O'Brien Springs 24-86 Ferris 26-86 Allen Lake 23-79 Seven Mile 17-77 Quealy 17-76 CLOVERLY FORMATION - Dakota Sandstone Cooper Cove 18-77 Rex Lake 16-77 0' Brien Springs 24-86 Quealy 17-76 CLOVERLY FORMATION - Lakota Sandstone Rex Lake 16-77 Rock River 19-78 Seven Mile 17-77 ---MORRISON FORltATION Horne Brothers 21-78 SUNDA?iCE FOIL21ATION Allen Lake 23-79 Allen Lake, East 22-78 Big Medicine Bow 20-78 Big Medicine Bow, South 20-79 Little Medicine Bow 24-78 Quealy 17-76 Rock River 19-78 Elk Mountain 20-80 O'Brien Springs 24-86 Table IV-4. (continued)

Average Thickness of Average Average Estimated d Source Producing Interval Porosity Permeability Transmissivity No. b Name of Field ~ocationC (feet) (%I (md (gallday-ft) CASPER FORMATION - Tensleep Sandstone Allen Lake, East 22-78 Big Medicine Bow 20-78 Big Medicine Bow, South 20-79 Herrick 16-76 Little Laramie 16-75 Mahoney, East 26-87 Mahoney, West 26-88 Quealy 17-76 O'Brien Springs 24-86

a~ourcesof data include Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (various); U.S. Geological Survey (various); Wyoming State Engineer (various); Wyoming Geological Association, Oil and Gas Fields Symposium (1957; supplemented 1961); Wyoming Geological Association Guidebook (1953, 1961).

b~ieldlocation numbers correspond to numbers on Figure IV-11. m w C~ownshipnorth - Range west. d~ransmissivityestlrnated using T = (K) (.0182) (b), where T = rransmissivity (gal/day-ft), K - permeability (md), and b - average pay thickness (ft), and assuming a water temperature of 60°F. CARBON

Hanna 0

So ra toga

Encampment

0*' Location of oil fields- Numerals corresp~nd to 10 20 30 40 Miles I I I oil field numbers listed I I I I I I 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Kilometers in Table IV-IV.

Figure IV-2. Locations of major oil fields, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Sandstone are stratigraphically equivalent units in the area. In general, the terms Casper Formation and Tensleep Sandstone are used interchangeably in the Hanna and Shirley basins.

In the central and southern Laramie basin the Casper-Tensleep aquifer is comprised of a series of permeable, medium-grain sandstones and virtually impermeable interbedded limestones. These rocks are

600 to 800 feet thick. The presence of the limestone confining beds creates a series of interbedded confined sandstone subaquifers within the Casper-Tensleep aquifer that are hydraulically integrated into one system by faults, joints, and subsidiary fractures (Boos, 1940 and 1941; Huntoon, 1976; Huntoon and Lundy, 1979).

In the northern Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins the Casper-

Tensleep aquifer is comprised of a series of permeable, fine-to- medium-grain sandstones and impermeable shales interbedded with impermeable, finely-crystalline, dense limestone and dolomite. Based on electric log correlations, the dolomitic zones grade laterally into sandstone toward the north. According to Morgan and others

(1978) and Emmett and others (1972) visual inspection of core samples for the Casper-Tensleep formation revealed extensive vertical fracturing associated with the limestone and dolomite interbeds. The presence of these fractures provides zones of large permeability.

The Casper-Tensleep aquifer underlies the entire study area.

The unit crops out along the flanks of the Laramie, Medicine Bow,

Shirley, and Freezeout mountains as shown on Plate C-1. Water in the aquifer is under confined conditions throughout the area as evidenced by artesian flows of 1 to more than 1,000 gallons/minute at the well heads of various petroleum tests (Table IV-1) and water wells (Table

IV-3) . The Casper-Tensleep aquifer is one of the most productive aquifers in the study area; however, the ability of the unit to transmit water is largely dependent on fracture permeability. For example, Lundy

(1978) found that hydraulic conductivities for relatively undeformed parts of the aquifer ranged between 0.1 and 2.6 feet/day, whereas in areas of enhanced fracture permeability the values ranged from

17 to 40 feet/day. Also, all major Casper-Tensleep springs are located on or near faults and folds which attests to the hydraulic signifi- cance of fracture permeability (Huntoon and Lundy, 1979).

Fracture permeabilities are critical for the hydraulic integration of sandstone subaquifers in the Casper-Tensleep aquifer. This is because the interbedded limestone and dolomite are highly competent confining layers. For example, Huntoon and Lundy (1979) observed that hydraulic conductivities in unfractured limestones are nil as demonstrated by: (1) ponded water on moderately fractured limestone,

(2) no visible loss of water from ephemeral streams that flow over limestone outcrops, and (3) head differences between limestone beds.

Sedimentary structures also provide zones of permeability in the Casper-Tensleep aquifer. According to Emmett and others (1972) and Morgan and others (1978) two dominant sedimentary structures exist in the sandstones comprising the Casper-Tensleep formation in the northern part of the area: these are (1) thin, homogeneous, fine-grain, well-sorted sandstone zones of relatively large, uniform porosity and permeability; and (2) highly cross-bedded zones, with directional permeability parallel to the cross-bedding. The cross- bedded zones are considerably less permeable. Examination of core samples by Emmett and others (1972) and Morgan and others (1978) revealed that the homogeneous fine-grain sandstones had little matrix cenent, whereas pore-filling material consisting of silica, carbonate, anhydrite, and clay was common in the cross-bedded sandstones. It is reasonable to assume that the difference in matrix cement significantly affects interstitial permeabilities.

Recharge to the Casper-Tensleep aquifer occurs primarily by infiltration of precipitation directly into Permian and Pennsylvanian outcrops. For example, Lundy (1978) observed a decrease in streamflow across Casper Formation outcrops along an unnamed stream east of

Laramie, Wyoming. According to Lundy (1978) most recharge to the

Casper-Tensleep aquifer occurs between March and August when monthly precipitation is above annual average. During fall and winter the recharge is negligible because frozen ground conditions inhibit infiltration. Lundy (1978) estimates recharge to the Casper-Tensleep aquifer in a 79 square mile area near Laramie to be 1.4 inches/year, or about 10 percent of mean annual precipitation on the recharge area.

Prospects for developing ground-water supplies in the Casper-

Tensleep aquifer are excellent. A summary of the hydrologic properties of the unit are compiled on Tables IV-3 and IV-4. The unit is a productive aquifer in highly fractured areas; however, yields diminish as fracture permeabilities decrease.

SECONDARY AQUIFERS

Secondary aquifers as used here include geologic environments that are permeable and saturated, but, for specific reasons that are included in the individual discussions of the various aquifers, are not as predictive as the principal aquifers. Mesaverde Aquifer

The Mesaverde aquifer is comprised of the Cretaceous Mesaverde

Formation. The Mesaverde Formation underlies the Hanna, the Shirley, and the northwest part of the Laramie basins. The unit is largely comprised of alternating beds of fine-to-medium grain, cross-bedded sandstone, carbonaceous shale, silty shale, and coal.

Much of the Mesaverde aquifer is elevated and dissected in the northwest part of the Laramie basin, and in this area the aquifer is discontinuous and unconfined. Springs that discharge from the aquifer in this area generally drain elevated and highly dissected outcrops. Recharge to these discontinuous systems occurs only from direct infiltration of precipitation into the immediate outcrops.

In the Hanna and Shirley basins the Mesaverde aquifer is structurally depressed and laterally continuous, and in these areas the aquifer is semi-confined. Based on data presented in Tables IV-3 and IV-4,

2 foot . According to Core Lab (various) interstitial permeabilities

in the unit are large. Recharge to the aquifer in the Hanna and

Shirley basins occurs largely by infiltration of precipitation into

Mesaverde Formation outcrops and by leakage of water from adjacent

strata. According to the U.S. Geological Survey (various) recharge also occurs from direct infiltration into sandstone bedrock in ephemeral

stream channels such as Foote Creek and the Medicine Bow River.

The most productive horizon in the Mesaverde aquifer is the

Pine Ridge Sandstone member. This horizon is 80 to 450 feet thick and situated in the upper third of the Mesaverde Formation. The

Pine Ridge Sandstone is saturated in the Hanna and Shirley basins based on water encountered reports for petroleum tests, production intervals in selected water wells, and spring locations. Wells completed in the unit generally produce 1 to 50 gallons/minute, whereas springs generally discharge 1 to 5 gallons/minute.

The Mesaverde aquifer is also highly productive in areas where the unit is faulted and fractured. For example, several unnamed fault-controlled springs discharge from the Mesaverde aquifer southwest of Medicine Bow, Wyoming, in T. 22 N., R. 79 W., Sec. 10 and 16

(Wyoming State Engineer, various), The springs discharge 15 to 40 gallons/minute and are currently developed for stock use.

The feasibility of developing ground-water supplies from the

Mesaverde aquifer is poor in the northwest part of the Laramie basin because the unit is elevated, dissected, and well-drained. Develop- ment potential for the aquifer is good along the margins of the Hanna

and Shirley basins because the unit is saturated based on completion

intervals for water wells (Wyoming State Engineer, various) and spring

locations. Prospects for ground-water development are excellent

along the flanks of Elk Mountain where the Mesaverde aquifer is faulted

and fractured.

In general, the Mesaverde aquifer has not been developed for municipal and community use because few towns are situated near

Mesaverde Formation outcrops. Towns underlain by the Mesaverde Forma-

tion generally do not utilize the aquifer because of the availability

of surface water and shallower sources of ground water.

Frontier Aquifer

The Frontier aquifer underlies much of the study area and includes

the Cretaceous Frontier Formation. The unit is 400 to 800 feet thick. The aquifer is comprised of a series of medium-grain, salt and pepper

sandstone, dark gray shale, with thinly laminated black shale and

sandy shale interbeds. Ground water in the Frontier aquifer is semi- confined or artesian depending on the continuity of the confining

layers. For example, semi-confined systems exist in the southern

and central parts of the Laramie basin where confining shales are elevated and dissected. Ground water is confined in the northwestern part of the Laramie basin because the unit is buried and confining

layers are continuous.

Except for reported production rates for selected stock and domestic wells, insufficient data exist to allow quantitative estimates

of aquifer parameters. However, ~ckedevelopment potential for ground-

water supplies in the Frontier Formation is considered good, based on a number of observations. These include: (1) primary perme-

abilities are good in upper Frontier sands (Stone, 1966); (2) upper

Frontier sands are saturated based on well yields of 10 to 25 gallons/ minute for selected stock wells in the study area; and (3) extensive

outcrops of the unit along the Laramie, Shirley, and Freezeout mountains provide excellent areas for recharge.

Current development of ground-water supplies from the Frontier

aquifer is small because of the availability of shallower sources

of ground water and the availability of surface water in areas where

the rocks comprising the aquifer crop out.

Sundance Aquifer

The Sundance aquifer underlies much of the study area and includes

the Jurassic Sundance Formation. The Sundance Formation is comprised

of three massive, permeable sandstone members, which are easily distinguishable on electric logs. These are separated by virtually

impermeable shales and calcareous sandstones. The Sundance Formation

is 25 to 290 feet thick in the study area. The presence of the

impermeable shales and calcareous sandstones create three confined

subaquifers that are hydraulically integrated into one aquifer by

faults and fractures. According to Littleton (1950) only the middle

and basal sandstone units are water-bearing; however, it is the finding

of this report that all three units are saturated.

Permeabilities in the Sundance aquifer range between 1 and 10

gallons/day-f oot2 (Table IV-4) ; porosity averages 18 percent.

According to Core Lab (various) and Halliburton Services, Inc . (various) ,

Sundance sands are relatively "tight," indicating small interstitial

permeabilities. Data presented on Table IV-4 is for petroleum tests

situated in structurally deformed areas where permeabilities are

fracture enhanced.

The Sundance Formation crops out in limited exposures generally

in the east and northeast part of the study area as shown on Plate

C-3. Numerous springs and seeps discharge from the Sundance Formation

along the southwest flank of the Laramie mountains and north flank

of the Shirley and Freezeout mountains. Discharges from the various

springs are generally less than 1 gallon/minute (Wyoming State Engineer,

various). The relatively small discharges indicate that the rocks

have negligible permeabilities because available recharge to the

rocks in those elevated areas is relatively large.

Recharge to the Sundance aquifer occurs largely by leakage of

water from adjacent units. Recharge by direct infiltration of precipi-

tation is small because outcrops of the Sundance Formation are areally

limited, and permeabilities are small. LOCAL GROUND-WATER SYSTEMS

Local ground-water systems, as used here, are generally discontinuous unconfined systems which supply water to wells and springs along elevated and highly dissected outcrops. However, local ground- water systems also include saturated alluvium and stray sands. Recharge to local ground water systems occurs largely by direct infiltration of precipitation into immediate outcrops. Recharge to saturated alluvium occurs largely by stream loss.

Local ground-water systems supply numerous springs that discharge from upper Cretaceous and Tertiary outcrops in the northwest part of the Laramie basin, Saratoga Valley, and along the flanks of the

Shirley and Freezeout mountains. Typically, the springs are localized along joints or at the base of permeable laminae perched above confining beds.

Local ground-water systems supply numerous stock wells in the southwestern part of the Laramie and northern parts of the Hanna and Shirley basins. Wells in the southwestern part of the Laramie basin are generally completed in undivided Permian-Triassic rocks, whereas wells in the northern parts of the Hanna and Shirley basins are completed in Tertiary rocks. According to the Wyoming State

Engineer (various) production rates for the various wells are highly variable, being dependent on seasonal recharge.

Stray Sands

Stray sands, as defined here, include saturated and permeable channel sandstones and sandstone lenses that are stratigraphically included in leaky confining layers. Although the term "stray sand" has no hydrogeologic meaning, it is used here because it is commonly used by well drillers to describe relatively thin (less than 100

feet) and generally discontinuous saturated sandstone units.

For example, the Shannon Sandstone is a stray sand. The Shannon

Sandstone is a member of the Steele Shale, and although the Steele

Shale is a regional leaky confining layer, the Shannon Sandstone

is a reliable, but undeveloped, source of ground water. Based on

data presented in Tables IV-3 and IV-4, permeabilities in the

Shannon Sandstone range between 1 and 10 gallons/day-foot 2 . According

to Core Lab (various) primary permeabilities in the unit are large.

Ground water in the unit is under confined conditions as evidenced

by artesian flows of 1 to 25 gallons/minute at the well heads of

selected petrcleum tests (wells 17, 22, 61, 73, 85, Table IV-1).

The Shannon Sandstone is 40 to 80 feet thick in the area.

Stray sands have also been encountered in selected petroleum

tests in the Niobrara, MOWY, Thermopolis, and Morrison formations.

With the exception of the Thermopolis Shale, stray sands in the various

units are highly localized and discontinuous. The ground water in

the various sands is unconfined. Based on data presented in Table

IV-1, reported production for wells penetrating stray sands is generally

less than 10 gallons/minute.

For the purposes of this report the Muddy Sandstone is considered

a stray sand in the Thermopolis Shale, although it is 25 to 80 feet

thick and a key marker bed throughout the study area. Ground water

in the Muddy Sandstone is under confined conditions as evidenced by

artesian flows of 1 to 100 gallons/minute in selected petroleum tests

(wells 82, 83, 84, 88, 102, 150, Table IV-1). Based on data presented

in Table IV- 4, permeabilities in the unit are less than 1 gallon/day- 2 foot . Prospects for developing ground-water supplies in the various stray sands in the study area are fair to good. However, with the exception of the Shannon and Muddy sandstones, stray sands are highly localized and thus there is no assurance that saturated, permeable zones will be encountered at all test well sites in the study area.

Saturated Alluvium

Unconsolidated alluvium of Recent age underlies the floodplains of the Laramie, Little Laramie, Encampment, North Platte, Rock Creek,

Medicine Bow, and Little Medicine rivers. The alluvium consists mainly of thin to medium beds of clay, silt, sand, fine to coarse gravels,and boulders, and is 1 to 60 feet thick. The alluvium in the area has excellent potential as a productive aquifer because of its large permeability and because in many places the entire thickness is saturated.

Wells completed in saturated alluvium are common along the Laramie,

Little Laramie, and North Platte rivers as shown on Plate A-1. Based on pump test data (Banner Associates, Inc., 1979) permeabilities in the alluvium along the Laramie River in T. 14 N., R. 76 W., Sec.

31, are about 3,000 to 3,300 gallons/day-foot2, whereas transmissivities and storage coefficients are, respectively, 150,000 to 200,000 gallons/day-foot and 0.35 to 0.02. V. TECTONIC STRUCTURES AND GROUND-

WATER CIRCULATION V. TECTONIC STRUCTURES AND GROUND-

WATER CIRCULATION-

The permeabilities of the rocks in the area are significantly enhanced by fractures. Consequently, ground-water resource evaluation in the area requires information on the type, distribution, and inten- sity of fracturing associated with the various tectonic structures.

The regional structure of the area is summarized on Plate B-1 and Figure V-1. According to Blackstone (1980) compressional forces that occurred during the Laramide orogeny are the major cause for the tectonic fabric.

As shown on Figure V-1, numerous folds exist in the area. The various folds are of a variety of scales. For example, anticlines and associated synclines in the central and southern part of the

Laramie basin are low amplitude structures with dips that are generally less than 15", whereas in the northern and northwestern part of the

Laramie basin folds with dips greater than 60" are common. Other prominent folds include monoclines. The monoclines overlie high- angle reverse faults in the basement rocks and have as much as 600 feet of structural offset (Huntoon, 1976, 1979).

The area is not highly dissected by faults; however, faults are not uncommon. Locations of selected major faults are shown on

Figure V-1 and Plate B-1. Displacements along the various faults range farom several tens to several thousand feet.

HYDRAULIC IMPORTANCE OF STRUCTURES

Folds, faults, and associated fractures are hydraulically important because they establish vertically and horizontally integrated zones

76 EXPLANATION ---&- Antlcllne

Figure V-1. Index map of location and generalized trends of selected tectonic structures in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. of large permeability in the rocks in the area. Although fractures associated with folds and faults are localized, their permeabilities are several orders of magnitude larger than adjacent unfractured rocks. As a result saturated rocks along various structures have excellent ground-water development potential.

An excellent example of the hydraulic importance of fracture permeability involves the Casper-Tensleep aquifer. Table V-1 summarizes the relationship between tectonic structures and hydrologic properties in the aquifer. In the vicinity of Laramie, Wyoming, the Casper-

Tensleep aquifer is faulted and folded. Huntoon (1976) and Lundy

(1978) found that permeabilities in fractured and faulted zones near

Laramie were 100 times greater than those in unfractured zones.

Another example of fracture enhanced permeability in the Casper-

Tensleep aquifer involves the Lietz #1 well, better known as the

Pat McGuire well (Table IV-3, p. 59) . According to McGuire (1980) the well produces 3,900 gallons/minute with no appreciable drawdown, but is capable of producing as much as 8,000 gallons/minute. It is completed in a saturated cavern that has developed along the axis of a steeply dipping and highly fractured monocline. The importance of fracture permeability at the McGuire well is demonstrated by the fact that wells drilled by the Aluminum Company of America (ALCOA) in relatively unfractured, saturated rocks adjacent to the McGuire well generally produce less than 5 gallons/minute (Wyoming State Engineer, various).

Joints are hydraulically important because they provide zones of laterally and vertically interconnected secondary permeability.

The fact that numerous springs are joint controlled in the area sub- stantiates the previous statement. Table V-1. Relationship between tectonic structures, fracturing. porosity, and hydraulic conductivity of the Casper-Tensleep aquifer in the Laramie Basin, Wyoming. (Adapted from Thompson, 1979.)

Type of Degree of Hydraulic Deformation Fracturing Porosity Conductivity

Q) g Well- to Poorly-Cemented; Intermediate U Hydraulic Jointed 01 Intermediate Primary a Porosity, Small Secondary Conductivity ~orosiry cA9 (3.0-10.0 ft/dy)

a, Small g Well-Cement ed ; Small u Hydraulic v1 Primary and Secondary a Conductivity E Porosity -4 (~3.0ft/dy)

Largest Highly Fractured Hydraulic Faults and Large Secondary Porosity Conductivity Jointed (>20.0 ft/dy)

Large Highly Fractured Hydraulic Sharp Folds and Large Secondary Porosity Conductivity Jointed (10.0-20.0 ft/dy) Joints are found throughout the sedimentary section but are best observed in the Casper and Mesaverde formations. This is largely because these units are brittle and joint planes exposed in outcrops are enlarged through weathering. Joints are also observed in the

Goose Egg Formation and Chugwater Group; however, clays and shales comprising these units usually seal the joints.

Fracture Controlled Springs

Nearly all major springs that discharge from the Casper-Tensleep,

Sundance, Frontier, Mesaverde, and Tertiary aquifers are located on or near faults or steeply dipping folds. For example, City, Soldier, and Simpson springs are fault controlled springs that discharge from the Casper Formation. The springs have been developed by the City of Laramie, Wyoming, and respectively yield 1.7, 1.6, and 0.3 million gallons/day (Laramie City Water Department, 1980).

Other excellent examples of fault controlled springs include three unnamed springs located north of Saratoga, Wyoming, that discharge from the North Park Formation (Visher, 1952). The springs are located

at T. 18 No, R. 83 W., Sec. 30; T. 19 No, R. 83 W., Sec. 10; T. 20 Nay

R. 84 W., Sec. 16, and respectively discharge 1,300, 500, and 100 gallons/minute (Visher, 1952; Wyoming State Engineer, various).

Springs associated with steeply dipping folds are generally controlled by the intersection of vertical joints and partings between bedding planes. For example, Ambler spring (22-77-4 da) is a joint controlled spring that discharges from the Casper Formation along the north flank of the Como Bluff anticline. Ambler spring is perennial and developed for stock use. GROUND-WATER CIRCULATION

Ground water moves in response to hydraulic gradients. Hydraulic gradients develop naturally and are inclined from areas of recharge to points of discharge. In general, ground-water circulation is independent of the dip of the host rocks.

Re~ionalGround-Water Circulation - -

Potentiometric data are insufficient to allow construction of meaningful water level maps for the various permeable units in the area. However, potentiometric indicators such as static water levels encountered in petroleum tests and water wells, and elevations of springs indicate that regional ground-water flow in the Cloverly

Formation is generally basinward as shown on Figure V-2. With the exception of the Tertiary aquifer, ground-water flow directions shown on Figure V-2 can be used to approximate flow directions in the various aquifers in the area because the aquifers have similar recharge- discharge areas and structural controls. Ground-water flow in unconfined and semi-confined parts of the Tertiary aquifer is generally toward the major surface drainages in the area. As shown on Figure V-2, the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins are internally drained.

In order to understand ground-water circulation in the Laramie,

Shirley, and Hanna basins, consider Figure V-3, which represents a basin cross-section and shows ground-water flow directions and potential surfaces. As shown on Figure V-3, ground-water flow directions are basinward and intersect potential surfaces (lines connecting points of equal total head) at right angles. As the ground water moves basinward there is a strong vertical flow component and as a result there is upward leakage of water. Assuming that hydraulic EXPLANATION Anticline

r Ground water flow direction

Figure V-2. Generalized ground-water flow directions in the cretaceous rocks in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. WEST EAST

Precambrian

A Ground -water flow direction Potential surface

Figure V-3. Generalized basin cross-section showing ground-water circulation. conductivities are constant, the spacing of the potential lines indicates that ground-water flow in the deep basin center is relatively small compared to the flow along the flanks of the basin. In other words, the closer the spacing of the potential lines, the greater the ground-water flow. This is very nearly the situation that exists in the area today, because ground waters in the deep basin centers generally have longer residence times than ground waters in outcrops along the flanks of the basins. VI. WATER QUALITY VI. WATER QUALITY

Water analyses for approximately 350 wells and springs were evaluated to determine the quality and chemical character of the ground water in the various aquifers in the area. The analyses were selected to include: (1) a diversity of geographic sources for the

ground water, (2) a number of different stratigraphic and structural

settings for the wells and springs, and (3) most of the major springs

in the area.

The results of the chemical analyses are presented in Appendix D, and the waters are classified by type based on the relative proportions

of major ions (Piper, 1944). The chemical analyses provide qualitative

insights into: (1) approximate source rocks for the ground water,

(2) evolution of ground-water chemical quality and therefore direction of ground-water flow in the geologic section, and (3) relative residence

times of the ground water.

In general, ground waters with total dissolved solids less than

500 mg/l are encountered in outcrops of the various saturated units along the flanks of the Laramie, Shirley, Medicine Bow, and Freezeout mountains. The flanks of the various mountains are principal recharge

areas where residence times for ground water are relatively short

and flow rates are great. Water qualities deteriorate basinward mainly because of (1) long residence time, (2) small flow rates,

(3) dissolution of soluble salts from the aquifer matrix and from

adjacent confining layers, and (4) leakage of poor quality waters

from adjacent units. In general, total dissolved solids concentrations

increase as ground-water flow length increases.

86 LOCAL AQUIFERS

Local aquifers discharge water in direct response to infiltration of precipitation into immediate outcrops. Most ground water in local aquifers is potable (total dissolved solids less than 500 mg/l) without treatment because: (1) residence time for the water is relatively short, and (2) flow rates are great.

Saturated Alluvium

Representative chemical analyses for ground water in alluvium are listed in TableD-1. The samples are of the calcium-magnesium- bicarbonate type. The quality of the water is influenced by con-

centration of dissolved solids through evaporation (u.S. Geological

Survey, 19 7 1; Freudenthal , 19 79) .

In general, the chemical qualities of water in alluvial deposits are very good. As indicated in Table D-1, total dissolved solids are usually less than 500 mg/l.

TERTIARY AQUIFER

Results of 192 analyses for ground waters in the Tertiary aquifer are compiled in Table D-1. Representative analyses are plotted on the trilinear diagram in Figure VI-1. Ground waters in the Ferris and Hanna formations are of the sodium-magnesium-sulfate type and are highest in total dissolved solids, whereas ground waters in the

North Park, Wind River, and White River formations are of the calcium- bicarbonate type and are lowest in total dissolved solids.

In the Saratoga Valley the Tertiary aquifer is comprised of the North Park and Browns Park formations. As shown on Plate C-1 total dissolved solids in the Tertiary aquifer are generally less Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l) Water-Bearing Unit N - North Park Formation - Browns Park Formation w - White River Formation

R - Wind River Formation

H - Hanna Formation

F - Ferris Formation

M - Medicine Bow Formation

~a CI

Figure' VI-1. Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Tertiary rocks in the Laramie, Shirley,and Banna basins, Wyoming. than 500 mg/l in this area. In general, chemical qualities are very good because the units comprising the aquifer in the Saratoga Valley have large interstitial permeabilities and ground waters circulate rapidly through the rocks. However, it should be noted that in the central part of the Saratoga Valley there is an area where total dissolved solids in selected spring samples range between 1,000 and

3,800 mg/l (Plate C-1). The samples represent fault controlled geo- thermal springs that discharge from Tertiary rocks, but the source of the ground water is undetermined Paleozoic units (Breckenridge and Hinckley, 1978) .

In the Shirley and northern part of the Laramie basins the Tertiary aquifer is comprised of the White River and Wind River formations.

Ground waters in these units are, respectively, of the calcium-magnesium- bicarbonate and calcium-bicarbonate type, as indicated in Table VI-1.

As shown on Plate C-1 total dissolved solids in the aquifer in this area are generally less than 500 mg/l. Permeabilities in the White

River and Wind River formations are large and as a result ground waters circulate rapidly through the rocks.

In the Hanna basin the Tertiary aquifer is comprised of the

Hanna, Ferris, and Medicine Bow formations, and as shown on Plate

C-1 total dissolved solids in this area range between 400and 9,000 mg/l. As indicated in Table VI-1 the Hanna and Medicine Bow formations contain water that is of the sodium-magnesium-sulfate type. In general, total dissolved solids increases are associated with increased concentrations of sodium, sulfate, and chloride.

The Tertiary aquifer is an excellent source for domestic ground water in many parts of the area. However, the various sedimentary units comprising the aquifer are hosts for high-grade uranium roll- front deposits (Stephens and Bergin, 1959; Harshman, 1968,

1972; Bailey, 1964). Typically, the uranium deposits are associated with highly permeable, saturated channel sandstones. As a result ground-water supplies in the Tertiary aquifer should be tested for radionuclides.

MESAVERDE AQUIFER

Based on 11 chemical analyses plotted on the trilinear diagram in Figure VI-2, ground waters in the Mesaverde aquifer are predominantly of the sodium bicarbonate or sodium sulfate type. The gross chemical character of the water is controlled by dissolution of calcite, dolomite, and gypsum from the aquifer matrix with cation exchange of sodium for calcium and magnesium. The base exchanges are probably controlled by interaction of ground water and local confining shale interbeds. Total dissolved solids range between 181 and 4,970 mg/l; however, 8 of the 11 samples contain total dissolved solids less than 1,200 mg/l (Table Dl-1).

Total dissolved solids concentrations increase basinward and with drilling depths to the Mesaverde aquifer. Total dissolved solids concentrations are less than 500 mg/l in outcrops of the Mesaverde

Formation along the margins of the various basins, whereas total dissolved solids concentrations greater than 1,000 mg/l are common in areas where the aquifer is buried. The increased total dissolved solids are generally associated with increased sodium and sulfate concentrations. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)

cr ~500

Figure VI-2. Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Mesaverde Formation in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Numbered data points correspond to sample numbers on Table D-1. FRONTIER AQUIFER

The results of seven chemical analyses (Table D-1) for Frontier aquifer waters are plotted on the trilinear diagram in Figure VI-3.

Analyses of Frontier waters indicate a basinward change in gross chemical character from sodium-bicarbonate waters at outcrop to sodium- bicarbonate-sulfate waters where the aquifer is structurally depressed and buried. Total dissolved solids concentrations also increase basinward from less than 1,000 mg/l at outcrop, to greater than 3,000 mg/l in the central basin areas. Increased total dissolved solids are generally associated with increased sulfate and chloride concentrations.

Three principal factors influence major ion water chemistries in the Frontier aquifer: (1) lithology, (2) residence time for the ground water, and (3) leakage of poor quality waters from adjacent units. For example, the Frontier Formation is partly comprised of shales and clays and as a result ground waters with long residence times will dissolve soluble salts from the argillaceous rocks. Also, based on the fact that heads increase with depth in the saturated units in the area vertical leakage of poor quality waters is expected from the underlying Mowry Shale. Ground waters in the Mowry Shale

are generally chloride rich.

STRAY SAND - MUDDY SANDSTONE

Based on the results of seven chemical analyses (Table D-1) plotted on the trilinear diagram in Figure VI-4, ground waters in

the Muddy Sandstone are of the sodium-chloride type. Both sodium

and chloride concentrations are generally greater than 1,200 mg/l.

The gross chemical quality of Muddy Sandstone water is controlled Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)

Figure VI-3. Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Frontier Formation in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Numbered data points correspond to sample numbers on Table D-1. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)

Figure VI-4. Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells completed in the Muddy Sandstone in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Numbered data points correspond to sample numbers on Table D-1. by lithology, According to Crawford (1940) shale and silt in the aquifer matrix is the major source for sodium and chloride ions.

Total dissolved solids in the Muddy Sandstone range from 3,000 to more than 9,500 mg/l. Based on data presented in Table D-1 and

Crawford (1940, pp. 1252-1255) total dissolved solids concentrations in the Muddy Sandstone are relatively large in both outcrop and structurally depressed parts of the basins.

Muddy Sandstone waters are distinguishable from waters in the overlying Frontier Formation on the basis of chloride concentrations,

Frontier waters generally contain chloride concentrations lower than

500 mg/l.

CLOVERLY AQUIFER

The results of 45 chemical analyses for ground waters in the

Cloverly aquifer are compiled in Table D-1. Representative samples are plotted on the trilinear diagram in Figure VI-5. Ground waters in the Cloverly aquifer are dominantly of the sodium-bicarbonate-chloride type. According to Crawford (1940) the gross chemical character of the ground water is principally controlled by the various lithologic units comprising the aquifer and residence times.

Cloverly water is characterized by low total dissolved solids and is sodium-bicarbonate rich in areas where the Cloverly Formation crops out. This is largely because flow rates are great and residence time is relatively short. Water qualities deteriorate basinward and with depth to mixed anion waters with intermediate total dissolved solids concentrations (1,000 to 5,000 mg/l), to sodium-chloride rich waters with large total dissolved solids concentrations (greater than

5,000 mg/l). Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)

Figure VI-5. Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Cloverly Formation in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Numbered data points correspond to sample numbers on Table D-1. Based on data presented in Table D-1, water qualities improve where the aquifer is faulted and highly fractured because the faults and fractures increase permeabilities and as a result flow rates are increased and residence time is shortened. For example, samples

22, 31, 32, 36, and 37 (Table D-1) represent Cloverly Formation waters in faulted and folded parts of the aquifer. Total dissolved solids

b in the respective samples are 200, 188, 607, i87, and 288 mg/l. By comparison, samples 33, 34, and 38 (Table D-1) represent waters in relatively unfractured areas adjacent to the locations of the previous samples and total dissolved solids are, respectively, 24,100, 11,800, and 2,000 mg/l. In all of the aforementioned examples drilling depths to the Cloverly Formation exceeded 2,000 feet.

SUNDANCE AQUIFER

Based on the results of 20 chemical analyses (Table D-1) plotted on the trilinear diagram in Figure VI-6, ground water in the Sundance aquifer is of the sodium-bicarbonate type along the margins of the various basins in the area. Basinward, the gross chemical character of the water changes to mixed anion with increased sulfate and chloride concentrations.

Total dissolved solids concentrations in the Sundance aquifer are relatively uniform throughout the sampled area (Plate C-3). For example, as indicated in Table D-1, with the exception of samples

1, 42, and 43, total dissolved solids in 45 representative samples range between 1,000 and 3,000 mg/l, with 56 percent of the samples containing total dissolved solids between 1,000 and 2,000 mg/l. Samples

1, 42, and 43 are for fault controlled springs, whereas all other samples are for petroleum test wells. Figure VI-6. Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells completed in the Sundance Formation in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Numbered data points correspond to sample numbers on Table D-1. CASPER-TENSLEEP AQUIFER

Water analyses for the Casper-Tensleep aquifer are compiled in Table D-1, and the results are plotted on the trilinear diagram in Figure VI-7. The gross chemical character of Casper-Tensleep water is controlled by (a) dissolution of calcite and dolomite in the aquifer matrix (Lundy, 1978), (b) residence time of the ground water, and (c) flow rates. At outcrop, ground water is of the calcium- bicarbonate type (samples 5, 7, 8, 9, 15, 17, 45, 52, Figure VI-7).

Total dissolved solids concentrations are usually less than 500 mg/l, because residence time is short and flow rates are great. Basinward the water becomes calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate rich and total dissolved solids concentrations are generally between 1,000 and 1,500 mg/l (samples

10, 30, 32, 36, 39, 40, 47, 48, 49, Figure VI-7). In the central part of the various basins the aquifer is deeply buried and ground water is of the sodium-sulfate and sodium-chloride type (samples

1, 33, 34, 45, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, Figure VI-7). Total dissolved solids are generally greater than 8,000 mg/l. The poor water qualities can be attributed to long residence times,

Casper-Tensleep waters are distinguishable from overlying Permian-

Triassic redbed waters on the basis of magnesium and sulfate concentrations. According to Lundy (1978) Permian-Jurassic redbed waters contain ten times as much sulfate as Casper-Tensleep waters. It is the finding of this study that Permian-Triassic redbed waters also contain at least five times as much magnesium as Casper-Tensleep waters. In areas where the two units are hydraulically connected by faults and fractures representative waters contain intermediate concentrations of magnesium and sulfate. Figure VI-7. Trilinear diagram showing chemical characteristics of ground waters from selected wells and springs that discharge from the Casper Formation and Tensleep Sandstone in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming. Numbered data points correspond to sample numbers on Table D-1. PRIMARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS

Primary drinking water standards established by the U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency (1976) are summarized in Table VI-1. Insuf- ficient data exist to allow thorough evaluation for all primary constituents in the various saturated rocks in the study area; however, based on available chemical analyses, selenium and fluoride are identified in relatively high concentrations in parts of the area. Figure VI-8 shows

(1) sample point locations, (2) source of ground water, (3) primary specie, and (4) concentration in mg/l for areas where primary standards are exceeded.

As shown on Figure VI-8, selenium concentrations exceeding standards

(0.01 mg/l) are encountered in ground waters in the Ferris, Lewis, and

Frontier formations. Concentrations range from 0.02 to 0.08 mg/l.

Concentrations of fluoride above the standard (2.0 mg/l) are en-

countered in ground waters in the Ferris, Cloverly, and Casper forma-

tions in localized areas (Figure VI-8). The fluoride concentrations

range between 2.5 and 7.3 mg/l.

Radionuclides

Sixteen water samples were collected from the various aquifers

in the area by the Wyoming Water Resources Research Institute and

analyzed for radionuclide concentrations. The radionuclide species

analyzed are gross alpha, gross beta, radium-226, and total dissolved

uranium (U308). It should be noted that the radionuclide analyses are

for ground waters at site specific areas and should not be applied as

indicators for ground waters throughout an entire aquifer or rock unit.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has taken an admittedly Table VI-I. Primary and secondary drinking water standards established by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1976).

Primary Drinkin Secondary Drinking Constituent Water Standard ( a$ Water Standard (a)

Arsenic Barium Cadmium Chloride Chromium

Coliform Bacteria 1 colony/100 ml (b) Color 15 color units Copper 1. Corrosivity Noncorrosive (4 Fluoride

Foaming Agents Iron Lead Manganese Mercury

Nitrate (as N) 10. Odor 3 threshold odor units Organic Chemicals - Herbicides 2,4-D 0.1 2,4,5-TP 0.01

Organic Chemicals - Pesticides Endr in 0.0002 Lind ane 0.004 Methoxychlor 0.1 Toxaphene 0.005 pH 6.5-8.5 units Radioactivity Ra-226 + Ra-228 Gross Alpha Activity Tritium Sr-90

Selenium Silver Sodium Sulfate Total Dissolved Solids

Turbidity 1 turbidity unit k) Zinc 5. Table VI-I (continued)

(a) All concentrations in mg/l unless otherwise noted.

(b) The standard is a monthly arithmetic mean. A concentration of 4 colonies/100 ml is allowed in one sample per month if less than 20 samples are analyzed or in 20 percent of the samples per month if more than 20 samples are analyzed.

(d) The fluoride standard is temperature-dependent. This standard applies to locations where the annual average of the maximum daily air temperature is 58.4'~ to 63.8'F.

(e) The standard includes radiation from Ra-226 but not radon or uranium.

(f) No standard has been set, but monitoring of sodium is recommended.

(g) Up to five turbidity units may be allowed if the supplier of water can demonstrate to the State that higher turbidities do not inter- fere with disinfection.

SOURCE: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1976. I I I I EXPLANATION I 0 Ferr 1s - Hanno Formot~on I A Frontier Formation 1 0 Lewis Shole I D Cloverly Formotion I a Cosper Formation I Fluor~de I * Selenium ' 2.1 Number indicates dissolved concentrotion in mg/l. '4~ ExompIe: 2.4 nq/l selenium, Lewis Shok woter 616 0.0 SCALE tl H W Ef 1 10 Miles

Figure VI-8. Index map showing locations of wells and springs where ground waters are encountered with fluoride and selenium concentrations exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1976) primary drinking water standards. conservative approach that all radionuclide species are harmful, and that a linear relationship exists between dosage and cancer occurrence

(U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1976). Primary drinking water standards established for radium-226 and gross alpha are, respectively,

5 and 15 p~i/l(Table VI-1). No standards have been established for dissolved uranium and gross beta.

Reported concentrations of radium-226, gross alpha, and gross beta contain an error limit that indicates a 95 percent confidence interval.

Error limits reported in Table E-1 range from 0.1 to 11 p~i/l. The larger error limits are due to (1) instrument insensitivity at low concentrations and (2) particle absorption in samples containing high dissolved solids.

Based on the analyses compiled in Table E-1, radium-226 concentrations do not exceed primary standards (Table VI-1) in any of the sampled waters. The largest concentration of radium-226 was identified in Casper Formation water from the Town of Medicine Bow well, near the Como Bluff anticline (4.4 f 0.6 p~i/l,a concentration that is still within primary standards) .

Three of the 16 formation waters sampled contain gross alpha concentrations that exceed primary standards. The three waters are from the Casper, Tensleep, and Madison formations. The gross alpha concentrations have a "potential" maximum range of 17 to 27 pCi/l.

According to Hem (l97O), uranium-U308 concentrations of up to

0.01 mg/l are common in most ground waters; however, concentrations greater than 0.01 mg/l are unusual. Six of the 16 water samples contain U308 concentrations greater than 0.01 mg/l (ranging from 0.019 to 0.065 mg/ 1) . Reasonable explanations for the large concentrations include (1) the presence of uranium deposits in the host aquifer, (2) migration of uranium from other formations under oxidizing conditions or in the presence of carbonate ions (Collentine and others, 1981) , and (3) intermixing of uranium-rich waters from overlying rocks in the well annulus: since well completion records do not exist for all of the sampled wells, there is a possibility that a well may have been open-hole completed.

SECONDARY DRINKING WATER STANDARDS

Secondary drinking water standards are summarized in Table VI-1.

Secondary standards of interest to this study include chloride, sulfate, and total dissolved solids. Although these constituents are not considered toxic, they are thought to be undesirable in excessive quantities in drinking water, In many areas, however, because no better drinking water is available residents have adjusted to drinking highly mineralized water.

Secondary drinking water standards are exceeded in selected water analyses for all of the aquifers in the study area. The reader is referred to Table D-1 for specific chemical analyses, sources of ground water, and sample locations. Plates C-1, C-2, C-3, and C-4 show the areal distribution of total dissolved solids in the various aquifers in the area. VII. REFERENCES VII. REFERENCES

(includes works not directly cited herein)

Babcock, H. M., 1956, The groundwater geology of parts of Laramie and Albany counties, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 1367, 61 p.

Bailey, R. V., 1964, Applied geology in the Shirley basin uranium district, Wyoming: 9th Annual A.I.M.E. Minerals Symposium, Uranium Section, Moab, Utah.

Banner, J. T., 1944, Water exchange plan: Unpub. rept. to the City of Laramie from the City Engineer.

Banner Associates, Inc., 1961, Report on proposed improvements to ~aramie'swater supply facilities: Unpub. rept. to the City of Laramie, 28 p. and appendices.

Banner Associates, Inc., 1978a, Report on groundwater availability for municipal use, Laramie, Wyoming: Unpub. rept. to the City of Laramie, 115 p.

Banner Associates, Inc., 1978b, Engineering feasibility report: The development of Turner wells and expansion of Pope Springs well field: Unpub. rept. to the City of Laramie, 31 p.

Banner Associates, Inc., 1979, Report on: Increasing water treatment plant capacity by the use of water from the Laramie River alluvium: Unpub. rept. to the City of Laramie, 126 p.

Barlow, J.A.,1953, East Allen Lake dome: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Annual Field Conf. Guidebook, p. 147-149.

Barlow, J. A., Rex Lake Anticline: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Annual Field Conf. Guidebook, p. 159-160.

Beckwith, R. H., 1937, Geology of the Laramie water supply: Wyoming Geological Survey, unpub. rept., 27 p.

Beckwith, R. H., 1938b, Structure of the southwest margin of the Laramie basin, Wyoming: Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., v. 52, pp. 1445- 1486.

Bekkar, H., 1973, Laramide structural elements and relationship to Precambrian basement, southeastern Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis. Benniran, M. M., 1970, Casper Formation limestones, southwestern Laramie Mountains, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis, 116 p.

Biggs, Paul, and R. H. Espach, 1970, Petroleum and natural gas fields in Wyoming: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines Bull. 582, 538 p.

Blackstone, D. L., Jr., ed., 1953, Laramie Basin and North Park: Wyoming Geological Association 8th Annual Field Conference Guidebook, 195 p.

Blackstone, D. L., Jr., 1970, Structural geology of the Rex Lake quadrangle, Laramie basin, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Survey Prelim. Rept., no. 11, 17 p.

Blackstone, D. L., Jr., 1973, Structural geology of the Strauss Hill quadrangle, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Survey Prelim. Rept., no. 12, 17 p.

Blackstone, D. L., Jr., 1975, Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic history of Laramie basin region, southeast Wyoming: in Geol. Soc. Am. Memoir 144, p. 249-279.

Blackstone, D. L., Jr., 1980, Foreland deformation: compression as a cause: Contr. to Geology, University of Wyoming, v. 18 no. 2.

Blackwelder, E., C. E. Siebenthal, and N. H. Darton, 1910, Description of the Laramie and Sherman quadrangles, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Geol. Atlas, Folio 173, 18 p.

Boos, C. M., 1940, Geological survey of the Laramie water supply area: Rept. to Laramie City Council, 25 p.

Boos, C. M., 1941, Geology of the Laramie water supply (abstr.): Colorado-Wyoming Academy Science, v. 3, p. 25-26.

Botkin, M., 1980, Personal communication, Professor of Animal Science, U. of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming.

Breckenridge, R. M., and B. S. Hinckley, 1978, Thermal springs of Wyoming: Wyoming Geological Survey, Laramie, Wyoming, 104 p.

Brooks, G. G., 1957, The geology of the Wheatland Reservoir area, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Brooks, K. J., 1977, Petrology and depositional evnironments of the Hanna Formation in the Carbon basin, Carbon County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Brosz, D. J., 1980, Personal communication: Associate Professor Agri. Eng., Univ. of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming.

Burk, C. A., and H. D. Thomas, 1956, The Goose Egg Formation (Permo- Triassic) of eastern Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Survey Rept. of Investigation, no. 6, 11 p. Burritt, E. C., 1962, A groundwater study of part of the southern Laramie basin, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Cardinal, D. F., 1970, Lower Cretaceous stratigraphy and its relationship to oil production in the Laramie basin: The Mountain Geologist, v. 7, no. 3, p. 123-138.

Carey, B. D., 1950, Geology of the eastern part of Flat Top anticline, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Carlson, D. D., and S. L. Green, 1979, Water-resources investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey in Wyoming, Fiscal year 1979: U.S. Geol. Survey open-file report 79-1278, 115 p.

Carr, F. H., 1953, The Horne Brothers' unit, Carbon County, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Annual Field Conf., p. 153-155.

Chadenedes, J. F. de, 1953, Dutton Creek and Cooper Cove fields, Carbon and Albany counties, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Annual Field Conf., p. 144-146.

Collentine, M., R. Libra, L. Boyd, 1981, Injection Well Inventory of Wyoming: Wyoming Water Resources Research Institute, vol. 1.

Core Lab, various, unpub. miscellaneous drill stem test data, core evaluation, permeability-porosity evaluation, geologist reports for selected petroleum fields.

Crawford, J. G., 1940, Oil field waters of Wyoming and their relation to geological formations: Am. Assoc. Petro. Geol., v. 24, no. 7, p. 1214-1329.

Crawford, J. G., 1953, Oil field waters of the Laramie-Hanna basins: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Annual Field Conf. Guidebook, p. 126-134.

Dana, G. F., 1962, Groundwater reconnaissance study of the State of Wyoming, part 2, Laramie-Hanna-Shirley basins: Rept. for Wyoming Natural Resource Board, 27 p.

Dana, G. F., 1969, U.S. Bureau of Mines, Wyoming retort site water well no. 1: U.S. Bureau of Mines, open-file rept., Laramie, Wyoming 16 p.

Davidson, P.S., 1966, The stratigraphy of the upper Cretaceous Lewis Formation of the Laramie and Carbon basins, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Davis, R.W., 1976, Report on the availability of groundwater for municipal use, Laramie, Wyoming: Unpub. rept. to Banner Associates, Inc., 30 p. Dimitroff, P. B., 1968, Structural geology of Foote Creek anticline and adjacent area, Carbon and Albany counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis,

Dobbin, C. E., C. F. Bowen, and H. W. Hoots, 1929, Geology of coal and oil resources of the Hanna and Carbon *basins, Carbon County, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull. 804, 88 p.

Dunbar, R. O., 1942, Geology of Como Bluff anticline, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Eaton, G. M., 1960, Geology of the central portion of Como Bluff anticline, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Emmett, W. R., K. W., Beaver, and J. A. McCaleb, 1972, Pennsylvanian Tensleep reservoir, Little Buffalo basin oil field, Big Horn basin, Wyoming: The Mountain Geologist, v. 9, no. 1, p. 21-31.

Espenschied, E. K., 1957, Stratigraphy of the Cloverly Formation, Thermopolis Shale, and the Muddy Sandstone around the Hanna basin, Carbon County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S.

Thesis, 91 p. b

Espenschied, E. K., and P. 0. Biggs, 1953, The Rock River oil field: Wyoming Geol. Assoc, Eighth Annual Field Conf. Guidebook p. 161-164.

Evers, J. F., 1973, Dept. of Mineral Eng., Univ, of Wyoming, unpub. geophysical logs and aquifer test data for Wyo. Central #1.

Fayers, F. J., and J. W. Sheldon, 1962, The use of a high-speed digital computer in the study of the hydrodynamics of geologic basins: Jour. Geophys. Res., v. 67, no. 6, p. 2421-2431.

Ferguson, J., 1972, Miscellaneous unpub. water well data, Cheyenne, Wyoming ;

Freudenthal, P. Be, 1979, Water-quality data for the Hanna and Carbon basins, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey, open-file rept. 79-1277, 41 p.

Gilder, H. R. van, 1953, The Big Medicine Bow field, Carbon County, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Annual Field Conf. Guide- book, p. 142-143.

Gist, J. G., 1957, Geology of the north Freezeout Hills and adjacent areas, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Glass, G. B., 1972, Mining in the Hanna coal field: Geol. Survey Wyoming, 45 p.

Glass, G. B., 1980, Wyoming coal production and summary of coal contacts: Geol. Survey Wyoming, P.I., no. 12, 104 p. Glass, G. B., and J. T. Roberts, 1980, Coals and coal-bearing rocks of the Hanna coal field, Wyoming: Geol. Survey Wyoming, Rept. of Investigations, no. 22, 43 p.

Goodrich, R. D., 1942, Capacity tests of groundwater sources at Laramie, Wyoming: Am. Water Works Assoc. Jour., v. 34, no. 11, P. 1629-1634.

Gries, J. C., 1964, The structure and Cenozoic stratigraphy of the Pass Creek basin area, Carbon County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Harshman, E. N., 1968, Geologic map of the Shirley basin area, Albany, Carbon, Converse, and Natrona counties, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Misc. Geol. Inv. Map 1-539.

Harshman, E. N., 1972, Geology and uranium deposits, Shirley basin area, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 745.

Halliburton Services, Inc., various, Miscellaneous formation evaluation tests: Denver, Colorado.

Hem, J.D., 1970, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water: U.S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 1473, 269 p.

Houston, R. S., and others, 1978, A regional study of rocks of Precambrian age in that part of the Medicine Bow Mountains lying in southeastern Wyoming--with a chapter on the relationship between Precambrian and Laramie structure: Geol. Survey Wyoming, Memoir 1, v. 1 and v. 2, including Plate 1, Geol. map of Medicine Bow Mountains, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming.

Howe, D. M., 1970, Post-Casper-Ingleside unconformity and related sediments of southeastern Wyoming and northcentral Colorado: Unpub. Ph.D. Dissert., Univ. of California, Los Angeles, 170 p.

Huntoon, P. W., 1976, Hydrogeologic properties of the Casper Formation in the vicinity of Laramie, Wyomong: in Report on the availability of ground water for municipal use, Laramie, Wyoming: Unpub. rept. to Banner Associates, Inc., 30 p.

Huntoon, P. W., 1979, Overview of the ground water supply in the Casper aquifer in the vicinity of Laramie, Wyoming: Unpub. manuscript, presented before League of Women Voters, Laramie, Wyoming, September 18, 1979.

Huntoon, P. W., 1980, Aerial photographic assessment of favorable prospective ground water development sites in the Casper Formation along the east and west flanks of the Laramie Range, Wyoming: Unpub. Rept. to Wyoming Water Resources Research Inst., Laramie, Wyoming, 10 p. Huntoon, P. W., and D. A, Lundy, 1979, Fracture-controlled ground water circulation and well siting in the vicinity of Laramie, Wyoming: Ground Water, v. 17, p. 463-469.

Huntoon, P. W., and D. A. Lundy, 1979, Evolution of ground water management policy for Laramie, Wyoming, 1869-1979: Ground Water, v. 17, p. 470-475.

Huntoon, P. W., various, Unpub. miscellaneous water well data for the Sherman Hills area, Laramie, Wyoming.

Irwin, B. R., 1973, Interpretation of sedimentary structures in the upper Red Peak and Jelm formations (Triassic), southeastern Wyoming and northern Colorado: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Izett, G. A., 1975, Late Cenozoic sedimentation and deformation in northern Colorado and adjoining areas: in Geological Soc. Am. Memoir 144, p. 179-209.

Kirn, D. J,, 1972, Sandstone petrology of the Casper Formation, southeastern Wyoming and northern Colorado: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis, 43 p.

Knight, S. H., 1961, The late Cretaceous-Tertiary history of the northern portion of the Hanna basin, Carbon County, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Assoc. Sixteenth Ann. Field Conf. Guidebook, p. 155-165.

Konkel, P., 1935, Geology of the northeast portion of the Laramie Basin, Little Medicine District, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S, Thesis, 59 p.

Laramie City Water Dept., 1980, Unpublished water consumption data.

Leach, D. L., 1975, High-explosive-induced fractures in coal at Kemmerer, Wyoming: Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Report UCRL- 51764.

Littleton, R. T., 1950, Reconnaissance of the geology and ground water hydrology of the Laramie Basin, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Circ. no. 80, 37 p.

Lohman, S. W., 1972, Ground-water hydraulics: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Pap. 708, 70 p.

Lohman, S. W., and others, 1972a, Definitions of selected ground water terms--revisions and conceptual refinements, USGS Water Supply Paper 1988, p. 1-21.

Love, J. D., and J. L. Weitz, 1953, Geologic map of Albany County, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey.

Love, J. D., and J. L. Weitz, and R. K. Hose, 1955, Geologic map of Wyoming: U.S.Geologica1 Survey and Geological Survey of Wyoming. Lowry, M. E., 1966, The White River Formation as an aquifer in southeastern Wyoming and adjacent parts of Nebraska and Colorado: Geol. Survey Res., U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 550-D, p. D217- D222.

Lowry, M. E., S. J. Rucker, and K. L. Wahl, 1973, Water resources of the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins and adjacent areas, southeastern Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Hydrologic ~tlas,HA-471.

Lundy, D. A., 1978, Hydrology and geochemistry of the Casper aquifer in the vicinity of Laramie, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis, 76 p.

McCulloch, C. M., M. Deul, and P. W. Jeran, 1974, Cleat in bituminous coalbeds: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigations 7910.

McGrew, P. O., 1953, Tertiary deposits of southeastern Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Assoc. Eighth Ann. Field Conf. Guidebook, p. 61-64.

McGuire, P. L., 1980, Personal communication, Wheatland, Wyoming.

Miller, W. R., 1976, Water in carbonate rocks of the Madison Group in southeastern Montana--A preliminary evaluation: U.S. Geol. Survey Water Supply Paper 2043, 51 p.

Morgan, A. M., 1947, Geology and groundwater in the Laramie area: U.S. Geol. Survey, open file rept., 41 p.

Morgan, J. T., F. S. Cordiner, and A. R. Livingston, 1978, Tensleep reservoir, Oregon basin field, Wyoming: Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., v. 62, no. 4, p. 609-632.

Morrison, F. B., 1944, Feeds and Feeding, a Handbook for the Student and Stockman: 20th ed., Morrison Publ. Co., Ithaca, #New York.

Murphy, W. C., undated, The interpretation and calculation of formation characteristics from formation test data: Halliburton Services, Duncan, Oklahoma, 19 p.

Nelson, J., 1976, City Engineer, City of Laramie, Wyoming, Unpub. data concerning pump tests at Turner wells.

Nicoll, G. A., 1963, Geology of the Hutton Lake anticline area, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Osmond, J. C., Jr., 1950, Stratigraphy of the Cloverly Formation, Thermopolis Shale, and Muddy Sandstone in the Laramie basin, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis. Oster, L. D., 1952, Stratigraphy of the Cloverly Formation, the Thermopolis Shale, and the Muddy Sandstone in northeastern Carbon and southeastern Natrona counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming.

Pederson, S. L., 1953, Stratigraphy of the Fountain and Casper formations of southeast Wyoming and north-central Colorado: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis, 87 p.

Peterson, A. F., 1935, Geology of the Shirley basin and Bates Hole regions, Carbon and Natrona counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Petroleum Information, various, Miscellaneous well logs, drill stem test data, P.I. cards, and drilling reports: Denver, Colorado.

Piper, A. M., 1944, A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analyses: Am Geophys. Union Trans., v. 25, p. 914-923.

Pipiringos, G. N., 1948, Stratigraphy of the Sundance Formation, the Nugget (?) Sandstone and the Jelm Formation (restricted), in Laramie basin: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Porter, L. A*, 1979, State-of-the-art techniques used in Laramie, Hanna, and Shirley basins: Oil and Gas Journal, October 1, 1979.

Rechard, P. A., 1971, Water budget for the City of Laramie, Wyoming: Environmental Protection Agency, Water Pollution Control Research Series No. 17050 DVO, 33 p.

Reusser, R., 1980, Personal communication: Robert Jack Smith, Assoc. Rawlins, Wyoming: Unpub. data concerning water consumption at Hanna, Wyoming.

Richter, H. R., various, Unpub. miscellaneous well test data and consultant reports for the Laramie and Saratoga Valley areas.

Riedl, G. W., 1956, Geology of the eastern portion of the Shirley basin, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming: Unpub. M.S. Thesis.

Robinson, J. R., 1956, The ground water resources of the Laramie area, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis 80 p.

Roehler, H. W., 1958, Geology of Bates Hole, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Saulnier, G. J., 1968, Groundwater resources and geomorphology of the Pass Creek basin area, Albany and Carbon counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

Shipp, B. G., 1959, Geology of an area east of Bates Hole, Carbon and Albany counties, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis. Stephens, J. G., and M. J. Bergin, 1959, Reconnaissance investigation of uranium occurrences in the Saratoga area, Carbon County, Wyoming: U.S. Geol. Survey Bull., 1046-My 12 p.

Stolworthy, L., 1980, Personal communication: Unpub. data concerning water consumption at Rock River, Wyoming: Rock River Wyoming.

Stone, D. S., 1966, Geologic and economic evaluation of the Laramie- eastern Hanna basin area, Wyoming: The Mountain Geologist, v. 3, no. 2, p. 55-73.

Stone, R., and D. F. Snoeberger, 1977, Cleat orientation and areal hydraulic anisotropy of a Wyoming coal aquifer: Ground Water, v. 15, no. 6, p. 434-438.

Thompson, K. E., 1979, Modeled impacts of ground water withdrawals in Laramie, Wyoming area: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis, 73 p.

Tudor, M. S., 1952, Geology of the west-central flank of'the Laramie range, Albany County, Wyoming: Unpub. Univ. of Wyoming M.S. Thesis.

U.S. Department of Agriculture, and others, 1979, Main report, Platte River basin, a cooperative study Wyoming: 449 p. and appendices.

U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, various, Miscellaneous population data for Albany, Carbon, and Natrona counties, Wyoming.

U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, 1957, Report on the North Platte River basin: Region 7, Denver, Colorado.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1976, Environmental Protection Agency National Interim on Primary Drinking Water Standards, 570/9-76-003, 159 p.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1980, Public water supply inventory, U.S. EPA Region 8 Water Supply Division, Denver, Colorado.

U.S. Geological Survey, 1971, Chemical Quality of Water in Southeastern Wyoming, 68 p.

U.S. Geological Survey, various, Water and petroleum well records, geophysical logs, water quality data, and miscellaneous water data: Water resources and oil and gas divisions, Cheyenne, Wyoming, and Denver, Colorado.

U.S. Weather Bureau, 1978, Climatological data for southeastern Wyoming for 1975 to 1978: in Climatological Data for Wyoming.

Vallentine, K., 1980, Personal communication, water consumption data for town of Saratoga, Wyoming. Visher, F. N., 1952, Reconnaissance of the geology and ground water resources of the Pass Creek Flats area, Carbon County: U.S. Geol. Survey Circ. 188.

West, W. E., Jr., 1953, The Herrick and Little Laramie oil fields, Albany County, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Ann. Field Conf. Guidebook, p. 150-152.

West, W. E., Jr., 1953a, The Quealy oil field, Albany County, Wyoming: Wyoming Geol. Assoc., Eighth Ann. Field conf. Guidebook, p. 165- 169.

Wester, Larry, 1980, Consultant for Banner Associates, Inc., Laramie, Wyoming, miscellaneous pump test data and well records.

Wyoming Crop and Livestock Reporting Service, 1979, Wyoming Agricultural Statistics, 106 p.

Wyoming Geological Association, 1957 (1961 supplement), Wyoming oil and gas fields, symposium: 579 p.

Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, 1979, Wyoming Oil and Gas Statistics: Casper, Wyoming.

Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, various, Petroleum well records, water encountered reports, geophysical logs, and drill stem test data: Casper, Wyoming.

Wyoming State Department of Administration and Fiscal Control (various), Miscellaneous population data for Albany, Carbon, and Natrona counties, Wyoming.

Wyoming State Engineer, various, Water well records for the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming, and miscellaneous water reports: Cheyenne, Wyoming.

Wyoming State Engineer, Water Planning Program, 1973, The Wyoming framework water plan: 243 p. APPENDIX A

WELL AND SPRING NUMBERING SYSTEM WELL AND SPRING NUMBERING SYSTEM

Water wells, oil and gas test wells, and springs cited in this report are numbered according to the U.S. Geological Survey system that specifies the location of the site based on the Federal land subdivision system. An example is shown on Figure A-1.

In this example, 15-72-9 bcd, 15 refers to the township, 72 to the range, and 9 to the section in which the well is located. The lower- case letters that follow the section number identify a smaller tract of land within the section. The first letter (b in this example) denotes a 160-acre tract, commonly called a quarter section. The second letter

The third letter (d) denotes a 10-acre tract or a quarter-quarter-quarter section. The letters a, b, c, and d indicate respectively the northeast, northwest, southwest, and southeast tracts of the respective subdivision. Well or Spring No. 15-72-9bcd

FIGURE A- 1. APPENDIX B

PERMITTED COMMUNITY PUBLIC WATER

SUPPLY SYSTEMS Table 3-1. Permitted cornunity public water supply systems arranged by county for the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, ~yoming.~

staticd Reported State Depth Water Production Average County - Name of Well Permit EPA-PWS' of Well Level Rate Population gal/person completione Nunicipality or Spring ~ocation~ Number Number Source (ft) (ft) (gpd Served /day Date

Albany Laraqie Turner if1 P 156C 5600029 Casper Fm. 236 K.A. Turner #2 P 157C 5600029 Casper Fm. 557 N.A. Turner #3 P 158C 5600029 Casper Em. 120 X.A. Pope 111 P 153C 5600029 Casper Fm. 162 12-42 Pope $2 P 154C 5600029 Casper Fm. 162 12-42 Pope #3 P 155C 5600029 Casper Fm. 166 12-42 City springs N.A. 5600029 Casper Fm. surface N.A. Soldier springs N.A. 5600029 Casper Fm. surface N.A. Simpson springs N.A. N.A. Casper Fm. surface X.A. Spring Creek spring N.A. 5600029 Casper Fm. surface N.A. Laramie River wells N.A. 5600029 Laramie River 30 N.A. sock River Rock Creek System N. A. 5600048 Rock Creek surf ace N.A.

Carbon Elk Mountain #I UPRR-Irene P 15291.1 N.A. Cloverly Fm. 3,200 9-67 Elk Nountain #2 P 47305W 5600065 Cloverly Fm. 2,485 6-79 Encampment Encampment Utilities N.A. 5600060 Encampment R. surf ace N.A. iianna Rattlesnake Creek Rattlesnake Cr. surface 5-81 Pipeline Crone Ditch Transfer Rattlesnake Cr. surf ace 8-84 Enlargement Pipeline Rattlesnake Cr . surface 11-23 Enlargement Pipeline Rattlesnake Cr. surface 8-31 Hanna Reservoir Rattlesnake Cr. surface 9-34 Rattlesnake Enlarge- Rattlesnake Cr. surf ace 9-34 men t ~c~adden-~arathon Harrison-Cooper #1 P28500W 5600103 Rock Creek 55 10-45 Kedicine Bow Como Ir'l 6 #2 P 399C 5600034 Casper Fm. 800 1-18 Como 13 P 40066 5600034 Casper Fm. 283 6-78 Saratoga Hobo Pool #1 P 1196W N.A. Undetermined 35 6-64 Paleozoics N. Platte River 21744 5600061 N. Platte R. surface 9-56 N. Platte Enlarge- 6046E 5600061 N. Platte R. surface 11-60 men t Shirley Basin Village - #1 & 82 Wind River Fm. 233 7-77 Little Medicine Dev. Co. Shirley Basin - Patrotomics #l 27-78-15 da P 1347W 5600296 Wind River Fm. N.A. N.A. 6-77 Shirley Basin - Getty $1 27-78-15 N.A. 5600614 Wind River Fm. N.A. N.A. ' N.A. Shirley Basin - Utility # 1 27-78-20 N.A. 5600463 Wind River Fm. N.A. N.A. N.A. Fuels, Inc. Table B-1 . (continued) a Sources of data include: Wyoming State Engineer (various); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1979); R. Reusser (1980) ; H. R. Richter (various) ; L. Stolworthy (1980) ; K. Vallentine (1980) ; L. Wester (1980) ; R. W. Davis (1976).

N.A. = not available F = flowing well - - not applicable ? = unknown b~ownship-north,Range-west , section, quarter section, etc. U. S . Geological Survey well numbering system shown in Appendix A.

CU.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Public Water Supply identification number, Wyoming area Region 8.

Depth below land surface.

!~roduction rates; population served; average gal/person/day data are not available for individual sources. Listed data are cumulative averages for all sources.

'~ncludes town of Elmo, Wyoming. APPENDIX C

PERMITTED NONCOMMUNITY PUBLIC

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS Table C-1 . Permitted noncomunity public water supply systems arranged by county for the Laramie, Shirley, and ~annabasins, ~~ornin~.~ r.

d Depth Static State of Water Reported

County Permit EPA-PWS' , Well Level Production completione Owner of Well Well Name Location Number Number Source (ft) (ft) (gpm) Date

Albany

J. W. Potter Mountain Home #I P33585W 5600687 ? 45 20 N .A. Buford Store & Tavern N.A. N.A. 5600 316 Precambrian N.A. N. A. 1-50 P. Millican Two Bars Seven N.A. 5600312 Precambrian N.A. N .A. 6-78 Lhrarnie Conm. College LCCC :12 P43443W N.A. ? 293 2 15 8-77 Woods Landing Resort N.A. N.A. 5600307 ? N.A. N.A. 7-77 M. M. Brandt Fox Park Railroad P31950W N.A. alluvium 2 2 8 1-20 M. M. Brandt Fox Park School #28 P31951W N. A. ? 50 12 1-58 M. M. Brandt Fox Park Store 1/29 P31952W N.A. Frecambrian(?) 100 10 1-7 3 M. M. Brandt Fox Park Mill #31 P31954W N.A. Precambrian (?) 100 12 1-58 ??.H. Brandt Fox Park Shop il30 P31953W N.A. alluvium 20 8 1-56 T~qoming - Hby . Department Pit Well 111 P30340W N.A. alluvium- 7 1 1-70 Precambrian Monolith-Xidwest Co. Drop Cut #1 P372G N.A. alluvium 48 14 4-55 Harmony Station N.A. N.A. 5600430 ? N.A. N.A. 6-77 Albany Bar Inc. N.A. N.A. 5600301 alluvium N.A. N.A. 7-77 K. L. Forney Mint P902W N.A. alluvium 6 3 12-64 Tylll k. omirig Hwy. Department t 1 P2810W dc 5600310 Precambrian (?) 109 3 2 N.A. Wyoaing Hwy. Department 1/ 2 P2181W dc 5600310 Precambrian (?) 45 30 N.A. Budson Oil Co. N.A. N .A. 5600314 Casper Fm. N.A. N.A. 6-77 ?I. Hamby Hamhy ill P145G N.A. Casper Fm. 9 7 60 7-52 G. R. 3lcConnell Hope Well P160G N.A. Casper Fm. 99 50 8-52 Union Realty Co. 11 2 P303C N.A. Casper Fm. 30 3 F 1-90 Cerraintced Products N.A. N .A. N.A. Casper Fm. 952 F 1-00 Delta Construction Co. Delta ill P42149W N.A. Casper Fm. 65 17 8-77 W. E. Kobison 6K, Inc. 81 P24569W N.A. Casper Fm. 80 4 0 N .A. Skyline Skate Ranch- N.A. N .A. 5600369 Casper Fm. N.A. N.A. 6-76 Gasis Golf Skyline Drive-In Theatre N.A. N.A. 5600303 Casper Fm. N .A. N.A. 7-77 Albany Co. Peace Officers A.C.P.O. 111 P5961W N.A. Casper Fm. 75 10 8-70 Prmzlow-Vogel Dueweke t2 P1050W 5600162 Casper Fm. 109 50 6-65 Trocki-Prmzlow Vogel #l P49224W N.A. Casper Frn. 120 56 8-75 Trocki-Prenzl~v Prenzlow lil P4620SW N.A. Casper Fm. 180 6 8 6-79 The Cavalryman Marian 112 P42415W 5600308 Casper Fm. 1,050 800 1-48

>KJ ZR~S Lodge N.A. N .A. 5600306 Casper Fm. N.A. N.A. 7-77 A~ithentic Homes Corp. N.A. N.A. 5600679 alluvium N.A. N .A. 6-77 Nonolith Cement N.A. N.A. N.A. alluvium 40 N.A. N.A.

Latin American Club ' K.A. N.A. . 5600317 Casper Fm. N .A. N.A. 6-77 R. L. Yeoran Yeoman fl P5 36 1W N.A. Casper Fm. 116 55 9-70 Ffonqlitb-Xidwest Co. Stock U8 P219W N.A. alluvium 130 20 9-52 Xenolith-Xidwest Co. Stock {I9 P220W N.A. alluvium 9 2 18 9-52 Wyoming Hruy. Department Woods Lands #1 P38478W N .A. alluvium 100 5 7-77 '.-ee Bar Ranch N.A. N.A. 5600311 alluvium N.A. N.A. 6- 77 hTestgate N.A. N.A. 5600276 Casper Fm. N.A. N.A. 7-77 Old Corral N.A. N.A. 5600302 alluvium N.A. N.A. 7-77 G. B. Engen Fire Pond #l P31338W N.A. alluvium . 18 11 5-77 Table C-1. (continued) .#

d Depth Static State of Water Reported

County Permit EPA-PWS' , Well Level Production completione Owner of Well Well Name Location Number Number Source (ft) (ft) (gpm) Date

Albany (contd. )

Medicine Bow Ski Area N.A. N.A. 5600705 alluvium N.A. N.A. 6-77 Cathedral Home for the f l P13605W 5600681 Casper Fm. 1,010 942 1-73 Children Wyoming Technical Inst. W.T.I. #1 P9911W 5600208 Casper Fm. 1,006 960 9-73 Diamond Horseshoe N.A. N.A. 5600294 Casper Fm. 1,000 F 7-77 Kyo. Central Land and 11 1 P10160W N.A. Casper Fm. 1,656 I? 11-72 Improvement Co. Univ. of Wyoming Uni. iF1 16-73-33 N.A. N.A. Casper Fm. 1,015 F 34 1-92 Univ. of Wyoming Uni. i/3 16-73-33 ad P495C N .A. Casper Fm. 1,040 F 15 1-93 D. R. Brown Beintma #l . 16-73-31 ba P27605W N.A. Casper Fm. 76 12 15 N .A. N. C. Baker Baker #2 16-73-31 ba P37099W N.A. Casper Fm. 100 50 2 0 6-5 7 N. C. Baker Baker 83 16-7 3-31 ba P37 10OW N.A. Casper Fn. 100 90 20 1-1900 M. W. Rardin Rardin #1 16-73-31 ca P41041W N.A. Casper Fm. 105 12 7 N.A. Eottoms Trailer Court N.A. 16-73-? N.A. 5600253 alluvium(?) N.A. N.A. 3 7-77 Peachseck Mobile Home Park N.A. 16-73-? N.A. 5600252 alluvium(?) N.A. N.A. 1-2 7-77 B Bar B Trailer Ranches N.A. 16-73-? N.A. 5600254 alluvium(?) N.A. N.A. 5 7-77 I Albany County County #l 16-73-28 cdc N.A. N.A. Cloverly Fm. 1,500 F 5 1-00 'O R. D. Blake Blake's Mobile Homes #1 16-73-31 P25993W N.A. Cloverly Fm. 110 101 30 7-76 Rainbow Lodge Rainbow 1/1 16-78-34 bb P1150W 5600313 Casper Fm. 540 20 20 N.A. Pledicine Bow, Wyoming N.A. 16-78-20 bdc N.A. N.A. Cloverly Fm. N.A. N.A. N.A. N .A. U.S. Dept. Agriculture N.A. 16-78-29 dbd N.A. N.A. Cloverly Fm. 82 5 8 12 1-64 OK Corral N.A. 17-73-33 bcd N .A. N.A. 150 N.A. N.A. N.A. Albany County N.A. 17-74-36 hbb N.A. ~loverl~Fm. 200 33 N.A. 1-48 Colo. Interstate Gas Co. C.I.G. /I1 17-76-21 ab P5960W N.A. Mesaverde Fm. 323 2 3 10 N.A. Colo. Interstate Gas Co. C.I.G. !I2 17-76-21 ab P6428W N.A. Mesaverde Fm. 120 13 25 N.A. All the Kings Ilen Shoppe Stuckcys 83 17-76-21 bb P8554W 5600313 Mesaverde Fm. 100 20 15 6-77 Stanolind Oil & Gas Johnson-Parkinson #1 18-77-20 cc P336C N.A. Steeie Sh. 145 40 7 11-44 Double K Ranches, Inc. 81 20-77-24 cd P20463W N.A. Steele Sh. 160 40 10 9-76 - 4 K Corp. Konrath if4 21-84-35 P49649W 5600064 alluvium N.A. N.A. 5 7-77 Flying X Ranch FX- 6 22-71-213 ad P42980W N.A. Precambrian(?) 359 4 7 6-77 Flying X Ranch FX-3 22-71-21 dc P33431W N .A. alluvium 4 5 15 12-78 Wyo. Fish & Game Corn. Pickens West ill 23-72-4 P7751P N.A. alluvium, 32 25 6-63 Wyo. Tish & Game Comm. Kennedy 81 23-72-15 P16904P N.A. alluvium 35 15 9-61 Wyo. Fish & Came Comrn. Laramie Peak #1 23-72-15 P17519P N.A. alluvium 3 5 15 1-67 H. A. True Airport 2-24-72 24-72-2 cc P21334W N .A. Precambrian(?) 130 40 N.A. H. A. True Davison 4r24-72 24-72-4 dd P21334W N.A. Precambrian (?) 80 40 6-31 H. A. True Pump Jack 9-24-72 24-72-9 ca P21336W N.A. Precambrian (?) 150 40 N.A. H. A. True A. I. Mill 36-24-73 24-73-36 aa P21337W N .A. Precambrian (?) 250 200 N.A. H. A. Tr~e Funkhouser 9-25-71 25-71-9 db P21338V N.A. alluvium (? ) 3 0 25 N.A. H. A. True McFarlane 25-25-72 25-72-25 aa P21331P N.A. alluvium(?) 20 15 N.A. Albany Co. Sch. Dist. #1 River Bridge 111 25-73-29 dd P27598W N .A. 7 90 21 11-74 Groth Minerals Corp. Bootheel #l 25-74-31 cd P44887W N.A. ? 160 3 0 9-78 Table C-1 . (continued) #

------d Depth Static State of Water Reported County Permit EPA-PWS' Well Level Production completione Owner of Well Well Name Location Number Number Source (ft) (ft) (gpm) Date

Albany (contd. )

Fletcher Park Baptist Fletcher Park #1 P33190W N.A. alluvium 22 16' Youth Fd. Sullivan Co. 1/ 1 P31G N.A. ? 789 745 3 5 Parker-Fry Fry #1 P20394W N .A. alluvium 6 1 100 Utility Fuels Inc. Jenkins DW-1 P1347W 5600463 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. U .S. Forest Service Esterbrooke #1 P1083W N.A. alluvium 41 26 4 U.S. Forest Service Esterbrooke Rngr. Sta. P1084W N.A. alluvium 81 60 '4 U.S. Forest Service Curtis Gulch R1 P1082W N.A. alluvium 21 9 3

Carbon

Log Tavern, Inc. 1/ 1 P27 326W N.A. ? 150 2 N.A. F. D. .lanes Bear Trap #l P47272W 5600330 ? 60 5 1-43 Thompson's Snack Bar N.A. N.A. 5600329 alluvium N.A. N.A. 6-77 Xangy F!oose Saloon & Cafe N.A. N.A. 5600333 alluvium N.A. N.A. 1-66 Anderson Farm, Inc. Highway House #1 P9059W N.A. alluvium 85 ? 1-40 V. L. Payne 10 Mile Trailer Park P41219W N.A. alluvium 40 22 9-79 U.S. Forest Service Medicine Bow Lodge P43972W N.A. a1 luvium 33 10 10-78 Sand Lake Lodge N.A. N.A. 5600304 alluvium N .A. N.A. 7-77 Saratoga, Wyoming Rec. Lake P44450W N.A. alluvium 6 0 18 10-78 J. D. Donelan Jerry #l P40224W N.A. ? 130 10 12-78 Saratoga-Platte School Zeigler Park #l P34580W N.A. alluvium(?) 61 18 12-76 Snowy Range KOA N.A. N.A. 5600304 a11 uvi urn N.A. N.A. 7-77 Deer Haven Court N.A. N .A. 5600336 a1luvium N.A. N.A. 6-77 Saratoga, Wyoming Cemetery 111 P43944W N.A. ? 160 4 1 8-79 Saratoga Inn N.A. N.A. N.A. Precambrian 165 12 N.A. Swanson Bros . Swanson I1 P33420W N .A. Browns Park- 110 38 7-76 North Park J. 1ngl.eby Virginia dl P9242W N.A. ? 100 75 7-71 Rocky Xt. Gas Co. U.P.R.R. 81 P225C N.A. alluvium 25 4 11-32 Pacific Power & Light Co. Corpening 82 P19394P N.A. alluvium 40 7 5-46 U.S. Dept. Interior Hatchery #1 P285W N .A. alluvium(?) 180 9 5-64 Pacific Power & Light Co. Foote 111 P19391P N.A. alluvium (? ) 80 8 1-69 Refria. roods Inc. N.A. N.A. N.A. Precambrian 114 3 0 7-6 7 Efarnthon Oil Co. Harrison-Cooper #I P28500W 5600103 ? 55 7 11-45 Ovcrlnnd Trail Inn, Inc. a 1 P6459W 5600068 ? 287 7 0 10-70 Ohio Oi' Co. Rock Creek 81 P309C N .A. alluvium 11 8 12-34 Ohio Oil Co. Dixon Camp #1 P310C N.A. alluvium 12 12 12-24 Suclear Resources Co., Inc. M-K 89 NW-1 P35574W N.A. ? 250 2 30 1-77 Two-J Cattle Co. Orton #l P20962P N.A. alluvium 20 F 1-46 LeRoy's Oil Co. Outpost #2 P10109W 5600488 alluvium 70 40 N.A; LeRoy's Oil Co. Outpost i'll P6229W N.A. ? 300 3 0 N.A. Continental Oil Co. Elk Mt. Conoco #1 P1140 5600349 ? 920 300 N.A. Ohio Oil Co. Federal #l P210C N.A. ? 2,121 F 9-35 Table C-1. (continued)

d Depth Static State , of Water Recorded County permit EPA-PWS' Well Level Production completione Owner of Well Well Name Locat ion Number Number Source (ft) (ft) (EP~ Date

Carbon (contd.

Ohio Oil Co. Federal #2A P211C N.A. ? 2,133 2,015 20 11-35 Felmont Oil Corp. Walcott 82 P31737W N.A. ? 2 00 85 25 3-78 J. C. Kilburn Co. , Inc. Kilburn #l P6299W N.A. ? 340 140 5 12-70 4 K Corp. Konrath 84 P42980W N.A. ? 35 9 4 7 15 6-7 7 United Can;pground N.A. N.A. 5600063 Alluvium N.A. N.A. 2-3 7-77 Rosebud Coal Co. Rosebud #3 P28540W N.A. mine-f ill 150 75 . 450 12-75 Rosebud Coal Co. H2-9015-78 P45280W N.A. N.A. 1,200 143 35 3-79 Arch Mineral Corp. &fC #3 P363531J N.A. mine-f ill 20 5 150 8-77 Energy Development Co. Energy 117 P26403W N.A. N.A. 200 F 3 8-74 Arch Nineral Co. Ax i/10 P40758W N.A. mine-f ill (?) 60 54 150 8-78 Arch Mineral Co. Aiic /:2 P10206W N.A. &.A. . 310 250 25 N.A. Arch Mineral Co. Am nl P9969W N.A. N.A. 169 80 25 N.A. Carbon Co. Coal Company P- 1 P44543W 5600747 N.A. 799 164 70 7-78 Carbon Co. Coal Company P- 2 P44544W 5600747 N.A. 711 165 70 7-78 Carbon Co. Coal Company CCCC /I2 P44925W N.A. N. A. 84 4 154 35 8-79 Rosebud Coal Sales Co. Rosebud #4 P33754W N.A. mine-f ill (?) 50 5 0 450 8-76 Medicine Bow Coal Co. Med. Bow Mine #4 P28283W 5600713 N.A. 503 333 20 11-74 >!edicine Bow Coal Co. M.B.C.C. #4 P29373W N.A. mine-fill (?) 100 77 150 1-76 Seminoe Boat Club Joe B1 P20429W 5600335 ? 220 40 ' 18 8-73 W-yo. Recreation Comm. Seminoe Red Hills #1 P28555W 5600674 ? 160 30 15 9-78 Kyo. Recreation Comm. Seminoe fl P6460W 5600673 ? 84 16 25 6-77 Getty Oil Co. - Mine Getty Mine #1 P43524W 5600614 White RiverFm. N.A. N.A. N.A. 6- 77 Getty Oil Co. - Mill Getty Mill /I2 P47005W 5600613 White River Frn. N.A. N .A. N.A. 6-77 Tidewater Oil Co. TSG Camp #l P373W N.A. White River Fm. 245 118 10 9-60 Petrotomics # 1 P1347W 5600296 White RiverFm. N.A. N.A. N.A. 6-7 7 KT. Cons. Elining Co. W.W. 19, P1300W N.A. ? 385 153 65 N.A. Pathfinder Mines Corp. Open Pit fl - Area #1 P41825W N.A. ? N.A. N.A. 10 12-80 Petrotomics Co. t 2 P46599W N.A. White RiverFm. N.A. N .A. 10 12-80

Converse * U.S. Forest Service Camel Creek #1 29-75-28 ca PI085 N.A. alluvium 14 9 3 7-65 U.S. Bureau of Land >fgmt. Lawn Cr. #l 29-80-10 da P34300 N.A. ? 100 29 25 7-77 a~ourcesof data include Wyoming State Engineer (various); U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1979); R. Richter (various); P. W. Huntoon (variousk Wyoming Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (various). N.A. = not available ? = unknown bTo+nship - north, Range - vest, section, quarter section, quarter-quarter section, etc. ; U;S. Geological Survey well numbering system explained in Appendix A. 'u.s. Environmental Protection Agency - Public Water Supply identification number, Wyoming area Region 8. d~ - flowing well e?lont~-~ear APPENDIX D

CHEMICAL ANALYSES FOR SELECTED

WELLS AND SPRINGS ' Table D-1. Chemical analyses for selected wells and springs in the Laramie, Shirley, and Ilanna basins, ~~orning.~ --

Total Source Dateof ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific So. Well nane of owner S.ocationC Collection Agency (Oc) ca+' ngf2 Na+ ELO; SO;' ~1-F- KO; z3 Si02 Solids (CaC03) lab pH conductancee

LOCAL AQUIFER

Alluvium

N.A. 3SGS 14.5 38 5.5 7.7 4 123 24 7 .1 5.4 .O1 18 185 N.A. USGS 12.2 121 30 49 2.8 340 200 21 .6 Tr .07 20 659 N.A. USGS N.A. 64 6 30 1.8 217 54 9 .3 .8 .05 16 322 N.A. USGS 13.3 46 45 36 18 254 201 20 2 5.1 N.A.25 487 N.X. USGS 10.0 89 15 22 7.1 281 82 3 .3 .6 .1 19 386 N.A. USGS N.A. 113 19 25 2.8 362 108 5.5 .3 .6 Tr 18 476 X.A. USGS N.A. 122 23 49 13 330 198 25 .3 5.9 Tr 23 638 X.A. USCS 12.8 72 15 39 2.8 235 91 15 .5 -8 .05 20 394

TERRIARY AQUIFER

Xorth Park Fcnation

ucnnned spring 15-83-34cdc USGS 7.8 55 11 11 4 136 81 8.9 .3 .1 .O5 47 136 181 7.4 404 Aon ail FKL N.A. 48.5 4.5 21.4 8.5 154.9 59.5 .6 N.A. -18 N.A. N.A. 219 N.A. N.A, N..4. X.A. 21-82-2lbda USGS 8.3 27 128 2.2 153 379 8.9 .9 1.3 N.A. 22 095 1,050

Brown's Park Formation

K.A, USGS 11 1,5LO N.X. USGS 9 528 X.X. USGS 11 51 5 :< .A . USGS N.A. 1,090 I2:ite River Formati%

unnamed spring USGS 15 .39 96 4.2 168 92 18 .3 .7 .07 94 365 525 N.A. USGS 5.6' 9.7 37 6.4 180 48 12 .5 .15 Tr 24 307 413 Bellnore spring USGS 11.7 2.9 92 6.4 165 91 16 .3 1.4 N.A. 37 328 595 unnamed spring USGS 10 22 6.5 2.2 174 6.2 2 Tr 3.6 .57 21 167 23-, unnmed spring USCS 6.7 6.8 9.5 4.G 202 11 2 .4 1.8 K.A.50 234 3 56 unsaaed spring USGS 6.1 18 5.2 1 210 3.6 3 .6 Tr Tr 17 228 $58 unrimed spring USGS 12.2 5.6 20 4.8 164 24 3 .2 .8 N.A. 43 203 !i. A. unnamd spring USGS 10 4.9 24 32 170 20 2 .3 2.9 N.A. 58 233 S.A. unnamed spring USGS 7.2 5.8 34 6.6 202 26 4 .2 1 N.A. 55 253 5.A. unnamed spring USGS 10 5.8 12 1.8 152 6.2 7 .3 7.2 N.A. 21 178 S.A. iinr.aaed spring USGS 6.1 7.3 32 4 158 33 4 .3 2.5 N.A. 52 235 S.A. unnamed spring USGS 6.1 5.4 20 5.8 162 17 4 .3 1.9 0 46 206 S.A. unnamed spring USGS 10 3.3 29 4.8 128 21 4 .3 3.5 N.A.50 208 ?:.A. Table D-1 . (continued)

Total Source Date of ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific SO. Kill name or owner I.ocationC Collection Agency (OC) ~a+~~a+ K+ HCO; s0i2 ~1- NO; g3 Si02 Solids (CaC03) Lab pH conductancee

Wind River Formation

N.H. USGS 8370 X.A. USGS 1630 N.X. USGS 627 Shirley Basin 31943 N.A. N.A. 27 10 142 5 195 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 528 N.A. Getty Oil 612 N.A. N.A. 30 7 154 7 195 260 12 .O1 N.A. 1 N.A. 566 910 N.A. USGS 9.4 120 4.6 76 6.8 160 508 3 .4 Tr N.A.23 851 1160 N. A. USGS 10 43 9.2 18 4.4 125 79 2 .2 .8 N.A.17 236 369 N.A. USGS 10 66 13 29 4.0 120 166 8 .8 3.6 N.A.14 362 505 N.A. USGS 10 49 20 122 5.6 246 221 20 1.2 .6 N.A. 16 480 692 X.A. USGS 9.4 34 8.8 7.6 2.8 94 61 1 .4 .4 N.A.16 174 282 S.A. USGS 10 38 16 11 4.4 204 24 Tr .1 Tr N.A.9.4 212 331 S .A. USGS 11.7 50 6.3 12 2.4 94 91 4 .8 2.1 N.A.26 244 2 3G N.A. USGS 10 40 13 37 4.4 173 86 5 .2 - N.A. 10 280 K.A. 8.A. USGS 10 24 9.5 12 2.0 102 36 2 .4 4 N.A.12 146 2bO N.A. USGS 10 24 7.8 22 2.3 134 29 2 .4 2.5 N.A.18 160 2bO (< > N.A. USGS 15.5 72 19 22 3.6 164 164 3.4 .5 .5 N.A.16 390 N. A. N.A. USGS 8.8 38 18 13 2.8 128 78 10 .7 0 0 12 246 S.A. S.A. USGS 10 43 9.218 4.4 125 79 2.0 .2 .8 N.A.17 236 S.A. N.A. USGS 10 49 20 122 5.6 246 221 20 1.2 .6 N.A. 16 480 N.A. S.A. USGS 10 66 13 29 4 120 166 8 -8 3.6 3.1%. 14 362 S-A. X.A. USGS 10 22 2.4 24 4.2 94 36 3 0 5 .63 20 159 N.A. N.A. USGS 9.4 34 8.8 7.6 2.8 95 61 1 .4 .4 N.A. 16 174 S.X. S.A. USGS 10 38 16 11 4.4 204 24 0 .I 0 N.A.9 212 X.A. N.A. USGS 11.6 50 6.3 12 2.4 94 91 4 .8 2.1 N.A.26 244 K.A. N.A. USGS 9.4- 126 18 14 8.4 190 243 4 1 6.6 .63 23 568 N.A. N.A. USGS 10 64 16 22 2.4 272 53 5 .3 0 .04 13 341 X.A. 8.A. USGS 10 28 6.4 70 6.2 114 136 7 0 3.1 .43 37 322 ' S.A. N. A. USCS 10 24 9.5 12 2 102 36 2 .4 4 N.A.12 146 N.A. N.A. USGS 10 24 7.8 22 2 134 29 2 .4 2.5 N.A.18 160 N.A. X.A. USGS 11 40 7.3 32 2.4 104 100 7.8 .6 .2 .02 9.5 206 405 N.A. USGS N.A. 99 29 70 3.0 175 348 4 .4 1.4 .12 17 702 974 S.A. USGS N.A. 27 5.1 48 5.1 124 63 19 .7 Tr N.A.12 245 403 N.A. USGS N.A. 55 11 25 2.2 148 108 2.6 .5 1 N.A.21 302 445 N.A. USGS N.A. 16 2.9 67 4.2 135 67 19 .7 Tr N.A.10 262 4 36 N.A. N.A. 8 170 41 71 30 217 603 15 .56 .03 .19 K.A. 1090 1LW N.A. N.A. 9.4 155 40 74 31 226 512 8.8 .7 .01 .16 N.A. 960 1L?O S.A. USCS N.A. 13 2 118 3.2 263 64 12 -1 .2 N.A.ll 366 3.2%. N.A. USGS 10 16 3.9 126 2.4 271 94 8 .2 0 N.A. 11 406 N.A. N.A. USGS 10 16 2.9 125 2.6 276 84 10 .2 0 N.A. 14 395 N.X. N.A. USGS 8.3 40 3.9 67 6.4 280 24 6 .1 2.1 N.A.20 309 K.A. N.A. USGS 10 16 3.9 122 2.6 256 103 10 .1 0 N.A.14 416 N. A. N.A. USGS 9.4 16 2.9 121 2.6 260 86 10 .2 1.1 N.A.16 395 N.A. N.A. USGS 9.4' 18 2.9 134 3 256 120 11 .1 .1 0 11 429 N.A. N.A. USGS 9.4 18 6.3 138 2.2 240 153 12 -1 .8 N.k.0 501 N.A. X.A. USGS 10 21 4.9 154 3.6 239 191 12 0 1.1 N.A. 13 486 N.A. Table D-1. (continued)

Total Source Date of ~nalyzin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific NO. well name or orner ~oea~ion~Collection Agency (OC) ~a+~MC*Na' K+ HCO; s0i2 CI- F' NO; B+~ Si02 Solids (CaC03) Lab pH conductamee

Wind River Formation (cont .)

N.A. 28-78-28 3-61 USGS 8.8 16 4.9 130 4.8 266 100 10 0 .9 N.A.13 412 60 8.1 N.A. N.A. 28-78-33 11-59 USGS 9.4 114 24 268 8.4 116 794 32 .6 .6 S.A.10 1250 383 8.2 N.A. N.A. 28-76-34~~ 1-18-78 N.A. N.A. 54 9 60 9 161 164 8 .4 N.A.l N.A. 383 172 7.9 510 Shirley Basin XI3 28-81-31~ 11-8-62 USGS N.A. 27 6 32 7.8 176 17 2.6 .1 .5 N.A.19 192 9 2 N.A. 28-82-3bd 11-8-62 USCS N.A. 13 1.9 83 5 232 33 4.6 .6 Tr N.A.17 270 4 1 N.X. 33-85-3dbb 6-23-66 USCS 9.4 4.5 1.7 305 1.3 487 264 3.2 1.2 .2 .31 9.1 863 18

Hanna Formation

N.A. 20-75-32cc 10-1-68 USGS 9 7 2.1 107 .6 200 76 13 1.0 0 .12 11 316 26 X.A. 21-60-2aad 10-8-77 USGS 9.5 180 41 93 5.8 240 550 10 .2 N.A. N.A. 13 1010 620 * N.A. 21-80-12aca 10-7-77 USGS 9 190 88 240 4.9 310 1000 28 .7 N.A. N.A. 19 1720 840 N.X. 21-80-24bba 10-6-77 USCS 11 93 53 62 2.9 430 220 9.1 .4 X.A.N.A.ll 664 450 N.A. 22-80-34dcd 10-5-77 USGS 10.2 110 44 120 5.5 360 420 11 .4 K.A. N.A. 14 904 460 N..l. 22-81-19baa 12-13-76 USGS 10 2;0 200 680 11 900 2000 44 .5 6.4 N.A. 11 3610 1300 X.A. 22-81-19baa 6-16-78 USGS 11.5 210 210 690 12 920 1900 52 .5 7.6 N.A. 12 3540 1400 Hanna South hSW-4 22-81-21aa 12-3-76 FRL N.A. 690 425 745 16 317 4514 61 .5 4 .03 N.A. 7400 X.A. Hanna South . KSW-5 FKL N.A. .02 X.A. 2250 X.A. USGS 7.5 N.A. 7 3400 N.X. USGS 7.5 .04 .3 54 Hanna 1 Well $1 USGS N.A. .04 11 N.A. S.A. USGS 8.5 .06 5.6 85 N.X. USGS 10 .04 1.3 45 S.A. USGS 10 .06 2.1 7 3 S.A. USGS 9.5 .05 9 140 %.A. USGS 3.6 1.5 21 37 N.A. USGS 10 .01 7.5 6 7 , N.X. USGS 13 .36 3.3 2 3 Iianna 11-03 USGS 14 1.08 4 ?;.A. N.X. USGS 15 1.3 6 N.A. tlanna 111-1 USGS N.A. .05 1.0 K.A. Harlna IT 1-2 USGS 10.6 l.? 30 N.A. Hama 111-3 USGS N .A. .06 10 K.A. Hama 111-A USGS 18.9 .5 35 S.A. Hama 111-5 USCS N. A. 50 4 S.A. fiannn 111-b USGS 28 .08 12 X.A. Hanna 111-7 USGS 6.1 1.7 33 N.A. Hanna 111-8 USGS 1.1 .05 11 S.A. Hanna 111-9 USGS 19 .1 9 N.A. Hanna 111-10 USGS 1.1 .2 10 K.A. Hanna 111-11 USGS 7.8 .ll 20 N.A. Hanna 111-12 USGS 13.3 .4 13 X.A. Hacna 111-13 USGS 16' .4 8 N .A. TableD-1. (continued)

Source Date of ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific so. Well name or owner ~ocation' Collection Agency ('C) ~a'~M~+~ ~a+ $ HCO; s0i2 ~1-F- KO; c3 Si02 Solids (CaC03) Lab pH ~onductance~

Hanna Fomat ion (cont .)

Hanna 111-14 USGS 14 N.A. 4200 Hanna 111-CH3 USGS 9 N.A. N.A. Hanna 111-CH3 USGS 10 N.A. N.A. Hanna South HSW-1 FRL N.A. 852 220 1.7 8 .04 N.A. N.A. Hanna South HSV-2 FRL N.A. 5233 212 1 7.5 .07 N.A. N.A. N.A. USGS 9 890 20 .8 N.A. N.A. 7.2 67 N.A. USGS 8.5 660 180 1.5 N.A. N.A. 6.9 4 9 Hanna South HSW-3 FRL N.A. 144 7 .5 .4 .03 N.A. N.A. K.A. USGS 7.2 170 4.9 .2 N.A. N.A. 18 450 S.A. USCS 7.2 160 4.6 .2 N.A. N.A. 18 460 Arch Mineral S2V-7 FRL N.A. 595 9 .5 .4 .04 N.A. N.A. K.A. USGS 9 590 6.3 .3 N.A. N.A. 6.4 490 3.A. USCS 9 5200 140 .2 N.A. N.A. 12 750 N .A. USGS N.A. 1050 8 .5 N.A. K.A. 21 1060 N.A. USGS 7.2 350 3.1 .4 N.A. N.A. 9.5 7 10 S.A. USGS 8.5 820 4.1 Tr N.A. N.A. 20 1000 Arch Nineral S2W-3 23-81-9 12-2-76 FRL N.A. 85 32 762 15 610 112912 1.6 1.3 .05 N.A. 2400 N.A. 9 3247 Arch ?iineral S2W-4 23-81-9 12-3-76 FRL N.A. 51 25 971 15 1281 554 22 2 2.2 .03 N.A. 2720 N.A. 8.5 3490 Arch blincral SLW-5 23-81-9 1-21-77 FRL N.A. 45 21 665 14.3976 512 79 2 4.6 .02 N.A. 2240 1120 8.1 2282 S.X. 23-81-9aca 9-26-77 USGS 10.5 15 5.6 620 7.4 1660 47 29 2.2 X.A.N.A. 7.1 1550 . 61 8.1 2220 Carbon Co. Coal P-4 23-81-16dc 8-1-78 NTL N.A. 244 156 360 8 552 1450 22 .85 -14 .10 9.42 2868 1250 7.9 3000 Carbon Co. Coal F- 2 23-31-2laa 9-1-78 NTL N.A. 401 390 265 28 317 2755 62 2.1 .15 .18 .1 4516 2600 7.5 3850 Carbon Co. Coal P-3 23-31-21aa 9-8-78 NTL N.A. 481 427 390 29 329 3330 72 2.1 .18 .27 1 5302 2953 7.6 4475 Arch Xineral S?W-6 23-81-32 12-1-76 FRL N.A. 39 4 418 10 1 502 47 .8 9.3 .04 N.A. 960 K.A. 10.3 2082 N.X. USGS 7 N.A. N.A. 6.8 42 Carbon Co. Coal P-5 WTL N.A. .52 .53 .17 332 Carbon Co. Coal P-6 WTL N.A. .15 .ll .11 228 S.A. USGS 8 N.A. N.A. 12 660 S.A. USGS N. A. N.A. N.A. 14 1500 N.A. USGS 8.8 N.A. N.A. 7.3 20 Arch Mineral S 2w- 1 FRL N. A. N.A. .35 N.A. W.A. N.A. USGS 8.5 N.A. N.A. 7.8 1900 Arch Mineral S2W-2 FRL N.A. 24 .7 N.A. N.A. S.A. USGS 10.5 N.A. N.A. 19 700 Table D-1. (continued)

Total Source Dateof ~na1~zi.n~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific Kell name or owner ~ocation~ Collection Agency ('C) ~a+~ng+' ~a+ K+ HCO; s0i2 ~1-F- NO; 8+3 SiOZ Solids (CaC03) Lab pH ~unductance~

Hanna Formation (cont.)

N.A. 24-83-24caa USGS 9 130 2840

Ferris Formtion

N.A. USGS 8 Tr N.A. 8.5 1440 686 2060 N. A. USGS 9 2.7 N.A. Tr 610 370 4 30 Arch Mineral SlW-4 FRL N.A. 3.3 .12 N.A. 1400 489.5 1636 Arch Mineral S1W-1 FEU N.A. 4.4 .21 N.A. 7800 N.'.. 8545 S.A. USGS 10 7.7 N.A. 7.0 1930 8 10 N.A. Arch Mineral SlW-2 FRL N.A. 1.8 .09 N.A. 2640 N.A. . 364 7 N. A. USGS 4 1.2 N.A. 9.3 580 690 %.A. N.A. USGS 10 N.A. N.A. 6.3 1650 7 5 2750 N.A. USCS 10 N.A. N.A. 13 2330 700 3370 Hanna Coal 9003 USGS 8.5 5.7 .ll 23 2610 1900 3100 N.A. USCS 9 N.A. N.A. 8.8 2740 2000 3152 N.A. USGS 9 N.A. N.A. 12 2690 1400 3j7U Hanna Coal 9004 USGS 7 25 N.A. 7.1 39 70 1600 4353 X.A. USCS 8.5 X.A. K.A. 7.1 3270 1330 4 200 S.A. USGS N.A. 29 X.A. 5.9 4410 950 S.A. N.A. USGS 10 S.A. N.A. 6.9 2900 190 5000 &.A. USGS N.A. .1 .13 14 3400 1540 4590 N.A. USGS 12 N.A. N.A. 9.6 1600 500 2 700 S.X. USGS 8.5 N.A. N.A. 7.4 1120 74 1760 Nedicine Bow Coal CMBW-4 FKL N.A. 4 .06 N.A. 1160 . N.A. 1709 N.A. USGS 8 N.A. N.A. 15 2290 1500 2600 Fltldicine Bow Coal CPIBW-5 FR L N.A. 305 168 157 7 537 1336 3 .5 1.3 .02 N.A. 2320 N.A. 2744

N.A. USGS 10 N.X. 21 N.A. 6.3 437 4000 29 N.A. 20 N.A. X.A. N.A. fj .A. f~191) N.A. USGS 9.5 450 600 800 9. 6 530 4600 43 .1 N.A. N.A. 12 6780 3200 8r~o'I S.A. USCS 10 270 200 160 6.7 548 1300 11 .1 16 N.A. 15 2240 1000 3159 N.A. USGS 9.5 300 200 390 7.4 693 2000 15 .1 N.A. N.A. 15 32 70 1000 387U X.A. USGS 12, 540 520 660 16 580 4200 51 Tr N.A. K.A. 10 6280 3000 7 500 N.A. USGS 10 510 420 520 9.1 487 3600 29 .2 21 N.A. 18 5350 3000 5003 S.A. USGS 9 320 260 430 5.9 4% 2400 21 .1 X.A. S.A. 13 3690 1500 Ll,!>'j K.A. USGS 13 440 660 980 7 540 5200 45 .1 10 X.A. 11 7620 3400 7949

:;.A. USCS 10 5.7 3.6 550 2.9 536 850 24 ' 1.9 6.2 N.A. 6.4 1540 2 9 2500 S.A. USCS 9 7.6 4.1 570 2.4 656 530 20 1.9 N.A. 5.A. 7.3 1700 36 1450 ?;.A. USGS 9.5 5.1 4.0 570 2.6 700 600 24 1.9 N.A. N.A. 7.1 1570 2 9 2jOU ?;.A. USGS 7 13 5.8 410 5.6 1020 28 66 .3 22 N.A. 20 1050 56 1560 Hanna Coal 9005 K.A. 7 110 5.8 410 5.6 1020 28 66 .3 .09 .07 20 1150 300 1553 3edicine Bow Coal C?IR!r'- 7 FRL N.A. 15 .04 N.A. 5720 ti .A. 5076 Hanna Coal 9001 USGS 8.5 .05 .49 21 1410 970 1380 Table D-1. (continued)

Total Source Date of ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific No. Well name or owner ~ocation' Collection Agency ("c) ~a+~ktg*2 ~a+ 2 HCO; 50;' ~1-F- NO; Si02 Solids (CaC03) Lab pH ~ondustance~

Ferris Formation (cont .)

S.A. 5-27-76 USGS N.A. 110 150 28 28 52 890 7.8 -2 N.A. N.A. 19 1290 890 N.A. 1650 N.A. 9-20-77 USGS 9.5 210 320 99 41 987 1200 11 .6 N.A. N.A. 9.9 2380 1800 7.1 2860 Medicine Bow Coal CPIBV-1 12-3-76 FRL N.A. 414 997 92 71 1043 4361 12 .9 130.7 .02 N.A. 7800 N.A. 7.3 6245 Medicine Bow Coal CMBW-1 1-18-77 FRL N.A. 265 900 160 47 1129 5333 47 .1 6.3 N.A. N.A. 8070 6000 N.A. 6- 27-77 USGS 13 180 460 26 56 820 1700 5.1 .3 140 K.A. 25 2860 5600 N.X. 11-8-77 USGS 8 440 740 50 110 1040 3200 5.3 .2 N.A. N.A. 31 5090 5 500 X.A. 11-9-77 USGS 10 490 960 130 51 850 4800 7.9 .7 N.A. N.A. 13 6870 7800 Xedicine Bow Coal CMBW-3 12-3-76 FRL N.A. 212 129 685 17 677 1525 8 .6 178 .02 N.A. 2960 N.A. 7.4 6530 N.A. 9-20-77 USGS 10 190 130 580 17 824 1600 10 .4 N.A. N.A. 8 2940 1000 7.2 3620 Hanna Coal 9006 12-15-74 N.A. 7 33 22 730 9.8 1300 610 31 .4 Tr .07 6.4 2080 170 7.6 2810 N.A. 5-28-76 USGS 12 45 27 840 11 1410 740 33 .4 N.A.N.A. 5.9 2400 220 s. A. 3400 ?i.A. 9-14-77 USGS 11 210 220 370 29 1130 1300 23 1.1 N.A. N.A. 7.9 2720 1400 7.4 3366 S.A. 11-9-77 USGS 9.5 230 290 260 30 1030 1500 13 .7 N.A. N.A. 7.5 2840 1800 7.2 S76C

--Medicine Bow Formation

10-1-68 USGS N.A. 2870 11-13-77 USGS 8 560 6-28-78 USGS 8.5 1540

XESAVERDE AQUIFER

Ycsaverde Formation

18-77-20cb 10-24-68 USGS N.A. 40 11 12 1.0 189 10 5.3 .2 0 .03 8.4 181 145 7.8 30 2 Clinton Oil tl Cooper-I1 20-78-17bd 9-3-74 CGL N.A. 106 60 215 2 366 620 26 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 1209 N.A. 7.2 S.A. 11-77-20dd 7-11-68 USGS 8 417 271 691 7.1 64 3430 93 3.2 .2 -13 13 4970 2160 6.1 5330 21-77-27cb 6-11-68 USGS 9 19 10 369 2.6 576 375 1.7 1.3 .2 .18 9.3 1070 89 7.d 15l5 Little bledicine Bob. 21-78-30a N.A. GSC N.A. 66 N.A. 220 N.A. 280 384 9 N.A. K.A. X.A. K.A. 817 164 S.A. 3.A. Little Kedicine Bow 21-78-30a N.A. GSC N.A. 47 30 170 N.A. 250 389 11 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 786 266 S.A. s. A. Simpson Ridge 21-80-20 4-19-40 GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 761 N.A. 1060 N.A. 32 N.A. N.A. N.A. 9.k. 1810 N.A. N.A. X.A. 87-16 State Pass Creek 21-83-16daa 6-13-78 USGS 12 110 41 13 6.2 330 180 4.2 .5 21. N.A. 13 535 440 6.7 700 87-16 State Pass Creek 21-83-16dda 6-29-67 USGS 12 100 38 12 6.5 323 170 5.3 .6 N.A. N.A. 13 513 420 7.3 . 788 A.R. Diliard $41-42 23-85-22 4-30-63 CGL N.A. Tr Tr 405 N.A. 1025 Tr 28 N.A.N.A.N.A. N.A. 938 N.A. 8.2 K.A. A.R. Dillard CGL N.A. 11 5 313 N.A. 770 Tr 20 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 770 N.A. 8.0 N.A. Table D-1. (cont hued)

Total Source Dateof ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specif LC No. Well name or owner ~ocation' Collection Agcncy ('C) cat' M~+~~a+K+ HCO; SO;' ~1-F- NO; B+~ Si02 Solids (CaC03) Lab pH ~onductanc+~

FRONTIER AQUIFER

Frontier Formation

&.A. 20-76-lcc . USGS 9 152 29 545 3.3 138 1440 32 .6 5.3 .04 10 2290 498 7.5 29 50 Cooper %1 20-77-lldb CGL N.A. 25 6 897 7 781 900 220 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 2536 N.A. 8.6 N.A. Cooper $1-A 20-77-lldb CGL N.A. 15 6 1735 11 2184 850 380 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 4457 N.A. 9.1 N.A. Cooper d2 20-77-lldb CGL N.A. 4 1 1631 13 781 1500 680 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 4466 N. A. 9.3 H.A. 25-76-21ad USGS N.A. 377 425 2120 7.7 543 6400 121 4.1 3.2 Tr 6.3 9730 2690 7.6 11470 25-78-3cc USGS N.A. 121 35 64 3.6 278' 338 7.5 -6 .4 .13 8.5 736 447 7.8 1070 26-80-22ba USGS 12 14 5.5 102 1.8 250 62 2.5 .4 .4 .04 9.0 326 58 7.9 540

Nuddy Sandstone

UPRR Schvartz #1 14-75-5dha 4-21-55 CGL N.A. 104 19 2991 N.A. 305 5743 440 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 9646 N.A. 7.8 N.A. Quealy 17-77-9 N.A. CGL N.A. 16 7 1573 N.A. 1190 6 1720 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3960 X.A. 8.1 N.A. Quealy 17-77-9 N.A. CGL N.A. Tr Tr 2511 N.A. 1675 N.A. 2900 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 6235 N.A. X.A. N.'\. Quealy 17-77-0cac 12-20-54 CGL N.A. 53 8 1420 N.A. 1110 1220 762 N.A. &.A. N.A. N.A. 4960 165 3.1 X.A. Seven Nile 112 Miller-Fed 17-77-gad 1-2-68 C GL N.A. 17 6 2508 10 2013 13 2660 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 6277 N.A. 5.5 N.A. Yarathon Oil r'5 19-78-11 11-22-72 CTL N.A. Tr Tr 3807 33 1318 82 4300 K.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 9536 N.A. , 9.8 ?;A. Pan Am Pet ?I2 UPi7R 20-80-23ba 8-2-47 CGL N.A. 4 3 1200 N.A. 2460 107 170 N.A. N.A. NA.A N.A. 3000 22 8.7 N.A. CLOVERLY AQUIFER

Cloverly Formation

unnamed well it17 13-75-30bb 10-4-68 - N.A. 54 6.9 6.7 .8 210 7.9 1.8 .8 0 .01 13 163 7.7 333 S.A. 14-73-18ac 10-3-68 USGS N.A. 5.4 .1 680 3 62 1310 51 2.1 .1 .48 1.2 14 9.5 2970 3.A. 14-74-l2ca 10-4-68 USGS N.A. 46 34 125 3.2 190 322 32 .5 .1 .35 10 255 7.7 980 k'asatcli Oil 16-74-15cca 6-24-48 CGL N.A. 17 15 1603 7.6 1530 1090 805 2.8 Tr -90 14 104 7.6 6253 N.A. 16-74-52ca 11-22-68 USGS 18 126 37 770 8.4 96 456 11404.2 .3 .41 32 468 7.2 . 4430 Rex Lake lb-77-26 7-50-41 C SC N.A. N.A. N.A. 1040 N.A. 1620 205 516 N.A. N.A. N.A. X.A. &.A. N.A. S.A. Rex Lake 16-77-26bb 12-23-45 GSC N.A. 141 54 421 N.A. 230 1120 105 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 586 S.A. S.A. Qucaly 17-74-18 N.A. CSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 620 N.A. 445 58 655 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. X.A. X.A. N.A. Seven Xile 17-77-9cac 12-20-54 CCL N.A. 32 N.A. 208 N.A. 351 208 20 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 80 7.6 S.A. f'T Sharples i'l Govt-?filler 17-77-Saa N.A. CGL N.A. 17 1 78 3 183 36 16 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.R. N.A. S.A. 6.9 S.X. Quealv 17-77-9 N. A. CGL N.A. 9 8 843 N.A. 580 6 970 N.A. S.A. N.A. N.A. 2147 N.A. 6.0 &.A. Quealp 17-77-9 N.A. CGL N.A. Tr N.A. 429 N.A. 395 50 350 N.A. Ei.A. N.A. N.A. 1116 N.A. 8.4 S.A. Quea ly 17-77-9 N.A. CGL N. A. Tr N.A. 484 N.A. 425 Tr 370 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 1172 N.A. 8.3 N.A. Ohio Oil ~22 Harrison-Cooper 19-78-2d N.A. GSC NA.A 120 26 7570 N.A. 150 N.A. 11900N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 406 S.A. N.A. Ohio Oil #9 Harrison-Cooper 19-78-3a N.A. GSC N.A. &.A. N.A. 6170 N.A. 695 N.A. 9020 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N. A. N.A. Onio Oil ?12 Hdrrison-Cooper 19-78-3a S.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 2160 N.A. 660 N.A. 2590 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. K * A. N.A. Ohio Oil 19-78-3a N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 6210 N.A. 700 N.A. 9070 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N. A. X.A. Ohio Oil #3 Harrison-Cooper 19-78-11a N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 2640 N.A. 1850 N.A. 2890 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Table D-1. (continued)

Total Source Date of ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Speci f ic No. Kell name or owner ~ocation' Collection Agency (OC) M~+~~a+K+ HCO; 50i2 ~1-F- NO; 8+3 Si02 Solids (CaC03) Lab pli ~onductanci'

Cloverly Formation (cont .)

Ohio Oil 84 Harrison-Cooper N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 2960 N.A. 2290 N.A. 3240 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Marathon Oil W/2 it5 11-13-72 CGL N.A. 10 15 3547 6 769 40 4750 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 9.8 ?;.A. Ohio Oil N.A. GSC N.A. 26 N.A. 2672 N.A. 1560 67 3069 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. N.A. N.A. Elk ?!ountain I1 6-22-79 WDA Tr Tr 69 .1 130 28 1.3 .5 Tr .1 16 T r 7.9 355 Marathon Oil Diamond 81 4-25-57 N.A. N.A. 9 N.A. 607 K.A. 780 89 250 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ohio Oil #2 9-20-57 N.A. N.A. 12 N.A. 769 X.A. 1180 148 280 N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. N.X. Ohio Oil D-1 Harrison 12-1-54 N.A. N.A. 8 3 1380 N.A. 1310 46 1210 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ohio Oil #4 Lundy 3-25-55 N.A. N.A. 7 N.A. 984 N.A. 1170 504 390 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ohio Oil ti8 Alva Dixon N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 5580 N.A. 1570 N.A. 7590 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. Ohio Oil N.A. GSC N.A. 106 22 4150 S.A. 105 N.A. 6590 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 355 S.A. K.A. Narathon Oil 41 1-25-71 CGL N.A. Tr Tr 899 X.A. 1147 43 296 N.A.N.A.N.A.N.A. N.A. 8.6 K.X. Clinton Oil #l Cooper 6-6-74 CGL N.A. 10 2 1163 6 1915 12 700 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. $1 UPRR-Irene 10-1-65 USGS Tr Tr 65 1.6 164 3.3 3.5 .7 Tr .04 23 N.A. Pan Am. Pet. #2 L'PRR 9-4-57 CGL N.A. 18 3 166 N.A. 475 15 10 N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. N.X. Pass Creek N.A. GSC N.A. 314 95 9000K.A. 785 N.A. 14330N.A. N.A. N.A. N.11. N.X. Pass Creek 12-9-47 CGL N.A. 14 76 4330 %.A. 1420 34 6000 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Hornc Eros. rtl State 10-4-51 CGL N.A. 71 5 740 N.A. 1475 71 100 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 8.2 N.A. Little Nedicine Bow N.A. CGL N.A. 27 11 206 N.A. 635 8 22 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ohio Oil Kyle 5-22-47 CGL N.A. N.A. N.A. 118 N.A. 275 Tr 8 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 8.5 N.A. Ohio Oil if2 State 10-24-55 C GL N.A. 3 N.A. 801 K.A. 620 102 450 N.A. N.A. K.A. N.A. S.A. O!lio Oil C3 State 6-26-38 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 586 N.A. N.A. N.A. 676 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S.A. N.A. East Allen Lake N.A. CGL N.A. 4 N.A. 2122 N.A. 4160 91 438 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. 8.0 S.X. East Allen Lake N.A. CGL N.A. N.A. N.A. 2308 N.A. 4650 N.A. 420 N.A. N.A. N.X. N.X. N.A. 8. 3 X,A. East Allen Lake N.A. CGL N.A. N.A. N.A. 2065 N.A. 3615 15 712 N.A, N.A. N.A. N.A. 9.A. X.A. N.A. N.A. 8-28-68 USGS N.A. 156 49 378 5.7 79 128039 1 0 .18 7.4 594 7.0 2620 unnamed spring N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 356 N.A. 396 111 73 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. unnased spring N.A. GSC N.A. X.A. N.A. 223 N.A. 83 309 62 N.A. N.A. N..4. N.A. N.A. N.A. 5.X.

Sundance Formation

N.A. 1-10-69 USGS N.A. 29 24 8 1.3 180 31 2.2 .3 7.7 .01 9.1 200 170 7.8 34 5 N.A. 1-20-44 GSC N.A. 9 N.A. 1060 N.A. 1380 514 471 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3390 22 S.A. K.A. N.A. N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 778 S.A. 1080 263 192 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 1920 N.A. S.A. S.A. N.A. 7-6-57 CGL N.A. 14 2 1050 N.A. 1160 588 368 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3000 4 3 8.6 N.A. Table D-1. (continued)

Source Date of ~nal~tin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific No. Kell name or owner I,ocationC Collection Agency (OC) ~a'~>fg" ~a+K' HCO; SO;* ~1-F- NI; B'~ Si02 Solids (caC03) Lab pH ~onducrafice~

Sundance Formation (cont .)

S.A. 20-78-34a N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 920 X.A. 1240 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. A. N.A. N.A. 20-78- 34a N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 963 N.A. 905 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 20-78-34d ' N.A. GSC N .A. N.A. N.A. 1180 N.A. 740 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N .A. N.A. S.A. X.A. 20-78-35b N. A. GSC N.A. X.A. N.A. 978 N.A. 1140 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 20-78-35b N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 744 9.A. 940 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S .A. 20-78-35~ N.A. CSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 918 N.A. 1120 N.A. N.A. S.A. N.A. S.A. N.A. ?;.A. ?;.A. 20-78-35~ N.X. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 811 N.A. 1370 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S.A. X.A. N.A. ?; ?; .A. 20-78-35~ N.A. G SC N.A. N.A. N.A. 836 N.A. 1120 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S.A. N.A. 20-78-35c N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 1030 B.A. 1310 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. N.A. 20-78-35c N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 916 N.A. 675 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. &.A. ?<.A. N.A. 20-78-35~ N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 924 N.A. 1410 N.A. N.A. K.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S.A. X. A. 20-80-23ba 9-19-57 CGL N.A. N.A. N.A. 455 N.A. 925 N.A. N.A. K.A. N.A. N .A. 8.4 8.A. N.A. 20-80-23hb 10-3-57 P.A. N.A. 12 8 446 ?;.A. 952 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 63 - 8.3 !;.A. 9.A. 21-76-26bd 9-12-54 CGL N.A. 5 N.A. 815 N.A. 1280 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 12 8.5 S.A. N.A. 21-79-23d 7-16-54 GSC N.A. 2 N.A. 733 N.A. 890 N.A. X.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. A. S.A. N.A. 21-79-23d N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 464 N.A. 410 N.A. N.A. N.A. Y.A. N.A. N.A. X.A. S.A. 21-79-25b X.X. CSC N.A. :J.X. N.A. 695 X.A. 1080 N.A. N.A. N.A. X.A. N.A. ?;.A. :;.A. N.A. 21-79-Ljb N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 625 X.A. 720 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. N.A. 21-79-25b N.X. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 699 S.A. 965 K.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S.A. ?;.A. N.A. 21-79-2jc N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 655 N.A. 935 N.A. N.A. N.11. N.A. N.X. X.A. S.X. B.A. 21-i9-26a N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 1120 N.A. 1270 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S..S. N.A. 21-79-26a N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 576 N.A. 810 X.A. N.A. N.A. N.X. N.A. S.A. 5.1'1. S.X. 21-79-2ba 3-11. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 834 X.A. 1100 N.A. N.A. N.A. K.A. N.A. N..l. ?;.A. Ohio Oil :!3 Kyle 21-79-26aa 7-1to-54 CGL N.A. 2 N.A. 770 N.A. 1270 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S.A. 7.5 S.A. Ohio Oil ff3-A Kyle 21-79-26d N. A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 669 N.A. 915 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. X.A. Ohio Oil 111 Kyle 21-79-26d N. A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 554 N.A. 910 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. X.A. Ohio Oil 3;6 Kyle 21-79-26d N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 522 N.A. 880 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ohio Oil #l U.P. Cal. 21-79-35a N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 693 N.A. 1400 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ohio Oil $2 C.P. Cnl. 21-79-35a N.A. GSC N. A. N.A. N.A. 752 N.A. 1470 N.A. N.A. X.A. 1i.A. N.A. S.A. X.A. Ohio Oil ::3 L1.P. Cal. 21-79-35a N.A. CSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 683 3.h. 1370 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. &.A. N.A. Ohio Oil 32 State 21-79-36b N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 663 S.A. 830 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Ohio Oil f13 State 21-79-3bb N. A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 683 N.A. 970 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3-12. s.13. Ohio Oil 21-79-36b N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 664 N.A. 825 N.A. K.A. N.A. R.A. N.A. Y.A. $.A. Ohio Oil 21-79-3bb K.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 701 N.A. 1310 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.X. Ohio Oil 21-79-36b N.A. GSC N.A. N.A. N.A. 726 N.A. 1200 K.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N. A. S..I. Ohio Oil 21-79-36b N.'1. GSC N. A. N.A. N.A. 732 N.A. 1240 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 5.A. Allen Lake 23-79-34ba 10-6-37 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 996 N.A. 1180 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N-13. S.A. N.A. 24-80-19add 7-14-67 GSC 21 39 27 135 4.1 228 .6 N.A. N.A. 11 211 7.9 476 S.A. 24-80-19add 6-15-78 GSC 14 40 20 170 5.5 260 .5 1.6 N.A. 11 180 8.0 470 Spindle Top Dome 29-81-5h N.A. USGS N.A. N.A. N.A. 790 N.A. 910 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. S.A. Spindle Top Dome 29-81-9a N. A. USGS N. A. N.A. N.A. 664 N.A. 750 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N. A. B.A. Table D-1 . (cont hued)

Total ,, Source -- Date of ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Speci f ic So. Yell name or owner ~ocation~ Collection Agency (OC) ~a~~ big+' ~a' $ HCO; ~1-I?- NO; B+~ Si02 Solids (CaC03) Lab pH -conductancee CASPER-TEXSLEEP AQUIFER

Casper Formation

frl Parker 14-75-8bd -12-26-54 CGL N.A. 117 1765 N.A. 6.23 3640 791 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 6855 N.A. 8.1 N.A. Laycock spring 15-72-3cab 7-22-76 DL 6.0 5 1.6 .83 212 7 .05 N.A. 2.2 N.A. 9.0 197 N.A. 7.1 35 7 Warren Livestock 15-72-6cc 7-20-76 DL 9.4 15 1.5 .83 210 8 .48 N.A. 6.6 N.A. 9.3 194 N.A. 7.5 345 Dunlaky 15-72-6db 7-20-76 DL 8.3 13 2.0 -93 231 10 .05 N.A. 8.1 N.A. 10.5 220 N.A. 7.5 39 3 k'arren Livestock 15-72-8da 7-22-76 DL 8.2 15 1.3 -47 251 7 .03 N.A. 4.9 N.A. 8.2 225 N.A. 7.4 408 Warren Livestock 15-72-14bbc 7-22-76 DL 6.3 0 .9 -32 208 6 .04N.A.5.0 N.A. 6.7 194 N. A. 7.3 34 3 Warren Livestock 15-72-1Ycbd 8-3-76 DL 6.9 13 1.5 .58 213 6 .16 N.A. 213 N.A. 8.4 197 N.A. 7.3 366 Warren Livestock 15-72-20aac 7-27-76 DL 7.7 12 1.6 .9h 223 6 .37 N.A. 223 N.A. 8.6 208 N.A. 7.5 376 :iarren Livestock 15-72-20baa 7-2-76 DL 6.4 9 2.2 .47 215 7 6.41 N.A. 215 N.A. 9.6 210 N.A. 7.5 358 Telephone spring 15-72-22dba 7-22-76 DL 8.2 5 8.2 .67 250 8 25.60N.A. 250 N.A. 7.8 285 N.A. 7.0 50 2 Warren Livestock 15-72-28dda 8-3-76 DL 5.6 6 1.2 .50 212 7 .O1 N.4. 21.2 N.A. 6.9 197 N.A. 7.2 359 Ibrren Livestock 15-72-29ccb 7-2-76 DL 7.1 12 1.9 .54 214 10 .44 N.A. 214 N.A. 13.2 213 N.A. 7.6 378 Reuland $1 15-73-lcbb 7-21-76 DL 8.7 17 2.1 .85 228 8 1.71 N.A. 8.0 N.A. 9.2 214 N. A. 7.4 389 Endsley 15-73-ldac 7-20-76 DL 12.2 15 1.6 .72 220 7 .O1 N.A. 5.5 N.A. 10.0 203 N.A. 7.1 369 Anders 1!1 15-73-idba 7-20-76 DL 9.5 12 1.9 .68 200 9 .37 N.A. 6.2 N.A. Y.7 192 S.A. 7.2 34 8 lurner ill 15-73-2bah 7-26-76 DL 9.6 17 2.0 .85 233 6 .11 N.A. 2.0 N.A. 8.6 205 N.A. 7.4 3C 2 N.A. 15-73-4db 4-23-43 N.A. N.A. 26 N.A. 5.3 248 133 1 .1 2.0 .00 5.A. N.A. 354 9. A. 617 Robinson ~!1 15-73-9aad 7-21-76 DL 11.1 25 7.1 1.37 244 28 .43 N.A. 2.0 N.A. 9.9 242 Y .A. 7.5 I25 H. Brown ::.l 15-73-12bcb 8-3-76 . DL 8.1 25 2.5 1.28230 11 4.25 K.A. .8 N.A. 8.9 214 N.A. 7.4 46; H. Brown $2 15-73-12bcb 7-23-76 DL 8.3 16 1.9 .76 223 7 5.40 N.A. 4.9 N.A. 8.7 208 N.A. 7.3 375 Thompson it1 15-73-l2dbb 7-21-76 DL 8.6 15 1.6 .74 229 6 .37 N.A. 5.0 3.A. 9.1 208 N.A. 7.3 380 Strom "3 15-73-14aba 6-30-76 DL 8.3 17 1.7 .86 221 6 .50 N.A. 4.6 N.A. 9.7 202 N.A. 7. Y 36 3 Pope 15-73-14aba 4-22-43 N.A. N.A. 19 N.A. .9 236 4 2 -2 4.8 .00 N.X. N.A. 20 3 N. A. 351r Pope 15-73-14ac 10-21-51 N.A. N.A. 12 1.8 1.2 224 1.0 3 -1 5.9 .02 9.0 20 1 190 7.8 341 Pope 15-7 3-14cab 4-22-43 N.A. N.A. 20 N.A. .7 236 4 1 .2 4.9 .OO N.A. N.A. 202 S.A. 362 Pope 15-7 3-l4dac 4-22-43 N.A. N.A. 15 N.A. .7 234 5 1 .2 5.0 .OO N.A. N.A. 202 X.A. 360 ?lonolith $2 15-73-17dbc 7-23-76 DL 13.2 26 9.0 1.13 176 38 .Ol N.A. 5.8 N.A. 8.9 215 N.A. 7.6 366 Xonolith :!1 15-73-17dcb 7-23-76 DL 12.8 22 6.7 1.10 174 30 1.70 N.A. 3.8 N.A. 8.7 191 N.A. 7.5 34 3 .'i. A . 15-73-2Ub 4-22-43 N.A. N.A. 10 N.A. N.,\. 200 6 1 .2 5.9 .OO :;.A. N.A. I'JO N.A. 34 3 Despain :I1 15-73-23caa 7-2-76 DL 7.8 16 3.2 .95 215 10 2.98 N.A. 215 N.A. 9.6 206 K.A. 7.4 375 8.14. 15-73-23dc 4-22-48 N.A. N.A. 17 N.A. X.A. 220 6 2 .2 5.3 .OO N.A. N.A. 200 N.A. 362 ."!onoli th- Xidwest Co. 15-73-3.iddc 7-7-76 DL 8.0 17 4.Sh N.A. 203 N.A. 10.1 210 S.A. 6.7 379 Oklahona Oil Co. 15-75-7dc 3-19-48 N.A. N.A. 2230 58 N.A. %.A. N.A. S.A. 3820 1480 7.9 X.A. Ohio Oil Co. it1 W.B. Enery 15-75-30a N.X. GSC N.A. N.A. 135 1880 135 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3080 557 9.A. s.n. S.A. 15- 78-3dd 11-15-68 USGS N.A. 1.8 280 10 2.3 .9 0 -03 26 268 225 7.7 442 Warren Livestock 16-72-5dd 7-27-76 DL 8.2 .88 190 7 1.76 N.A. 18 N.A. 8.9 196 N. A. 7.7 35 7 Warren Livestock 16-72-15cdd 7-19-76 DL 7.0 -46 226 9 .59 N.A. 3.2 N.A. 9.8 211 N.A. 7.7 33 3 iiarren Livestock 16-72-29dc 7-26-76 DL 8.7 .65 209 8 .O1 N.A. 3.4 N.A. 8.3 193 N.A. 7.6 353 Cash 16-73-2ddc 4-26-43 N.A. N. A. N.A. 234 32 10 .4 4.5 .09 N.A. N.A. 216 X.A. 4 30 Cathedral Home 16-73-l6bdc 4-26-43 N.A. N.A. N.A. 242 121 3 .1 4.2 -00 N.A. N.A. 318 3.A. 589 Warren Livestock 16-73-19dd 7-23-76 DL 12.5 .52 195 5 .ll N.A. 5.0 N.A. 8.4 178 N.A. 7.6 32 7 CSEX Retort 11 16-73-21cbc 7-15-76 DL 13.8 1.05 167 25 1.38 N.A. 4.G N.A. 10.1 180 K.A. 7.6 328 D. Dunlavy 16-73-25dad 6-30-76 DL 8.2 .61 213 6 .10 N.A. .5 N.A. 8.2 188 N.A. 7.8 348 k'arren Livestock 16-73-26bdd 7-16-76 DL 8.6 .85 219 6 .64 N.A. 4.5 N.A. 10.0 198 N.A. 7.7 36i Table D-1. (continued)

Total Source Oateof ~nal~zin~~Temp. Dissolved Hardness Specific Well name or owner ~ocation' Collection Agency ('C) ~a+~klg+' Na+ K' HCO; s0q2 ~1-F- KO; st3 Si02 Solids (CaCO?) Lab pH ~ondustance~

Casper Formation (cont.)

N.A. 16-73-28zdc N.A. N.A. 356 27 12 N.A. 172 4 .2 3.5 .18 N.A. N.A. 1000 N.A. 1580 Wyo Central #1 16-73-29bca DL 8.3 13 20 5.8 1.22129 1.68 N.A. .8 N.A. 2.9 139 N.A. 8.6 269 Wyo Central #I 16-73-29bca- DL 9.5 18 20 7.0 1.08146 1.99 N.A. 1.0 N.A. 5.5 159 N.A. 8.3 29 7 Wyo Central 81 16-73-29bca DL 12.8 25 20 7.0 1.39 167 1.98 N.A. 5.3 N.A. 7.6 181 K.A. 8.0 329 U.W. 93 16-73-33acd DL 11.8 31 21 6.5 1.25195 .77 N.A. 1.2 N.A. 10.6 192 N.A. 8.0 348 U.W. #3 16-73-33ad N.A. N.A. 30 22 6.0 N.A. 168 2 .4 .5 .OO N.A. N.A. 166 N.A. 316 U of k' 16-73-33db N.A. N.A. 30 24 6.2 N.A.190 2 .2 2.8 .02 N.A. N.A. 188 N.A. 356 Turner 16-73-35aa N.A. N.A. 51 18 2.3 S.A. 210 3 .2 9.2 -02 N.A. N.A. 202 N.A. 369 City springs 16-73-35dcb DL 8.2 52 16 1.9 .71 227 .33 N.A. 4.0 207 N .A. 7.3 378 #1 State-Airport 16-75-36acb CGL N.A. 52 10 636 N.A. 122 560 N.A. N.A N.A. N.A.8.7 2087 N.A. 9.5 N.A. Cash dl 7-15-76 DL 8.5 40 18 4.1 2.2 215 -3.04 N.A. 5.5 N.A. 12 203 W.A. 7.7 368 California Co. L'nit $11 12-20-54 N.A. . N.A. 630 144 3930 N.A. 230 3060 5210 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 13500 2160 7.5 N.A. Pan American Pet. Corp. 11-13-51 PA N.A. 2070 302 108000 N.A. 885 4060 16BCOON.A. S.A. N.A. N.A. 274000 6430 7.1 S.A. Pan American Pet. Corp. 11-13-51 PA N.A. 302 187 6250 N.A. 195 22501OOOON.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 18200 3020 6.9 N.A. Pan Azerican Pet. Corp. 11-13-51 PA N.A. 932 217 5620 N.A. 159 2210 9220 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 18300 3220 7.1 N.A. N. A. 10-28-68 USGS 8 45 6.2 89 2.4 229 117 19 .9 .2 -42 9.1 403 138 7.8 650 :!1 Harrison- Cooper 11-18-63 CGL N.A. 592 137 2271 105 256 1650 3700 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 8585 N.A. 6.9 8500 Ohio Oil Co. 8-14-48 CGL N.A. 545 84 2280 N.A. 325 2260 3790 N.A. K.A. N.A. N.4. 9820 1710 7.4 N.A. Pan Anerican Pet. Corp. 9-4-57 CGL N.A. 299 48 671 N.A. 205 1900 180 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 34 30 943 7.0 S.A. S.A. 12-1-54 CG L N.A. 140 79 1840N.A. 920 1980 1330 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 5850 674 7.8 S.X. Ohio Oil Co. N.A. GSC N.A. 475 63 605 N.A. 135 2020 385 N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3620 . 1440 5.A. !i.h. .L~blerspring 8-24-68 USGS N.A. 59 23 50 3.4 194 105 56 .5 1.2 .07 11 412 243 8.0 706 Nedicine Bow Mun. Well "1 5-18-78 hDA N.A. 58 22 43 2.5 200 360 240 8.1 651 Xrdicine Bow COKO C3 5-24-78 WDA NA 57 22 44 2.5 200 364 2 30 8.1 655 ?ledicine Cow CODO :!3 5-24-78 WD A h'h 55 21 42.8 2.3 170 340 220 8.2 650 X.A. 9-12-68 USGS N.A. 7.0 2.6 410 2.1 334 1200 28 8.2 1806 a~hemicalanalyses are in milligrams per liter.

X.A. - not available. b~unberscorrespond to data points on trilinear diagrams (Section VI) for respective water bearing units.

C~ownship-north,range-west, section, quarter section, etc.; U.S. Geological Survey well numbering system shown in Appendix A.

'USGS - L.S. Geological Survey WDA - Wyoming Department of Agriculture, Division of Laboratories, Laramie, Wyoming FKL - Front Range Laboratory, Fort Collins, Colorado PA - Pan American Petroleum, Denver, Colorado CGL - Chemical and Geological Laboratorv, Casper, Wyoming NTL - Northern Testing Laboratories, Billings, Montana CSC - U.S. Geological Survey, Conservation Division 3L - D. Lundy (1978) e~icrornhosper centimeterL at 25OC. APPENDIX E

CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF GROUND WATERS

-SAMPLED BY WRRI IN THE LARAMIEl

SHIRLEY, AND HANNA BASINS Table E-1. Chemical analyses, incluf ing radionuclide species, for ground waters from selected wells and springs in the Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, omin in^.^

Field Gross Gross Total SOURCE Date of Temp. Nitrate Uranium ~a~~~ Alpha Beta Dissolved Hardness Specific Field SO4 C1 F C03 Ba N (p~i/l) (pCi/l) (PCill) Solids (caC03) conductanceC pH Well Name or Owner ~ocation~ Collection (OC) Ca Mg Na K HCO) '3'8

NORTH PARK-BROWNS PARK FORMATIONS UNDIVIDED Curt McIlvaine 16-83-9 ad 7.4 Big Creek Ranch 13-81-22 cc 7.4

WIND RIVER FORMATION Wyoming Highway Dept . N.A. 7.6 Shirley Rim Area N.A. 28-78-33 cc 8.4

FERRIS FORMATION F. Cronberg 23-83-19 ba 7.7

LEWIS SHALE F. Cronberg 23-79-27 cc 9.9

MESAVERDE FORMAT ION Double K Ranch 20-77-31 cd 6.9 F. Cronberg 21-77-27 a 7.2

STEELE SHALE F. Cronberg 21-77-15 cc 7.4

CLOVERLY FORMATION Town of Elk Mountain 20-80-21 cc N.A. Unnamed spring 26-79-35 bdb 7.6

SUNDANCE FORMATION Unnamed spring 25-79-2 add 7.5

CWGWATER FORMATION Unnamed spring 31-79-31 bda 8

CASPER FORMATION Town of Medicine Bow 22-77-4 da 7.8

TENSLEEP SANDSTONE Unnamed spring 25-82-36 ad 7.7

MADISON LIMESTONE Unnamed spring 24-81-15 cc a~hemicalanalyses are in milligrams per liter, unless otherwise noted. Results of analyses determined by Chemical and Geological Laboratories, Casper, Wyoming. Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, and silver were not detectable above the following respective concentrations: 0.01, 0.01, 0.05, 0.05, 0.001, 0.01, 0.01 mg/l. b~ownship-north, range-west, section, quarter section, etc. ; U.S. Geological Survey well numbering system shown in Appendix A.

'~icrnmhos per centimeter:! at 68' f .

NA = ilot available. Volume 111-B

OCCURRENCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUND WATER IN THE LARAMIE, SHIRLEY, AND HANNA BAS INS, WYOMING

by Henry R. Richter, Jr. Water Resources Research Institute University of Wyoming

Supervised by Peter W. Huntoon Department of Geology University of Wyoming

Project Manager Craig Eisen Water Resources Research Institute University of Wyoming

Report to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Contract Number G-008269-79

Project Officer Paul Osborne

March, 1981 LIST OF PLATES

A- 1 Location of permitted water wells with domestic use and water-bearing units, Laramie , Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming

B- 1 Elevation of the top of the Lower Cretaceous Cloverly Formation and locations of major oil and gas fields, Laramie , Shirley, and Hanna bas ins, Wyoming

C- 1 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Tertiary aquifer, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming

C-2 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Cloverly aquifer, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming

C- 3 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Sundance aquifer, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins, Wyoming

C-4 Total dissolved solids contour map for ground water in the Casper-Tensleep aquifer, Laramie, Shirley, and Hanna basins , Wyoming