DOCSLIB.ORG

Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul Instituto De Filosofia E Ciências Humanas Departamento De História Programa De Pós-Graduação Em História

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul Instituto De Filosofia E Ciências Humanas Departamento De História Programa De Pós-Graduação Em História UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTÓRIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA A DIREITA RADICAL NO PORTUGAL DEMOCRÁTICO: OS RUMOS APÓS A REVOLUÇÃO DOS CRAVOS (1974 - 2012) Fábio Chang de Almeida Orientadora: Prof. Dra. Carla Brandalise Porto Alegre. 2014 FÁBIO CHANG DE ALMEIDA A DIREITA RADICAL NO PORTUGAL DEMOCRÁTICO: OS RUMOS APÓS A REVOLUÇÃO DOS CRAVOS (1974 - 2012) Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em História da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, como parte dos requisitos para a obtenção do título de Doutor em História, sob orientação da Prof.ª Dra. Carla Brandalise (UFRGS) e coorientação do Prof. Dr. António Costa Pinto (ICS – Universidade de Lisboa). Porto Alegre. 2014 BANCA EXAMINADORA Prof.ª Dra. Carla Brandalise – PPGH/UFRGS (Presidente da Comissão Examinadora) Prof.ª Dra. Ana Lúcia Lana Nemi – PPGH/UNIFESP Prof.ª Dra. Claudia Wasserman – PPGH/UFRGS Prof. Dr. Aldomar Arnaldo Ruckert – PPGEA/UFRGS Prof. Dr. Enrique Serra Padrós – PPGH/UFRGS Após a arguição do aluno para a obtenção do título de Doutor em História, a banca examinadora reuniu-se e aprovou a tese, atribuindo-lhe conceito A. Sessão pública de defesa de tese de doutorado realizada em 18 de junho de 2013 nas dependências do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Este novo mundo pode ser mais seguro, se for informado sobre os perigos das doenças do antigo . John Donne,1611 AGRADECIMENTOS À minha família, pelo apoio incondicional. À Professora Dra. Carla Brandalise, minha orientadora, por acreditar nas minhas ideias. Aos Professores Doutores Ana Lúcia Lana Nemi, Claudia Wasserman, Aldomar Arnaldo Ruckert e Enrique Serra Padrós pela leitura do texto e pelas considerações realizadas. A CAPES, pela bolsa de estudos que possibilitou minha pesquisa em Portugal. Ao Professor Dr. António Costa Pinto, pelo acolhimento e orientação no Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa. Ao Professor Dr. Riccardo Marchi, pelo constante diálogo e troca de informações durante minha estadia em Lisboa. Ao Sr. José Falcão e à equipe do SOS Racismo-Lisboa, pela receptividade e possibilidade de pesquisa em seus valiosos arquivos. Aos colegas Leandro Pereira Gonçalves e Odilon Caldeira Neto, pelas constantes conversas que, em muitos momentos, me fizeram repensar os caminhos a serem trilhados neste trabalho. A todos que auxiliaram nesta jornada. LISTA DE IMAGENS Imagem 1: Diagrama original desenhado em papel mostra a ARPANET em dezembro de 1969 (p. 41). Imagem 2: Representação cartográfica dos quatro nós da ARPANET em dezembro de 1969 (p. 41). Imagem 3: Mapa representando geograficamente a ARPANET em outubro de 1980 (p. 44). Imagem 4: Gráfico da empresa Netcraft mostrando o número de sites ligados na Internet entre outubro de 1995 e julho de 2009 (p. 49). Imagem 5: Banner deixado pelos hackers da ANTIFA em substituição ao conteúdo original do fórum da organização Blood & Honour (p. 69). Imagem 6: “Portugal não é um país pequeno.” Superfície do Império Colonial Português comparada com a dos principais países da Europa (p. 144). Imagem 7: Panfleto de propaganda do MIRN, direcionado à juventude (p. 174). Imagem 8: Logotipo do Núcleo de Estudos Oliveira Salazar (p. 178). Imagem 9: Gráfico mostrando o crescimento da imigração em Portugal de 1980 a 2005 (p.184). Imagem 10: Adesivo de propaganda do PSR sobre a “legalização das drogas” (p. 192). Imagem 11: Adesivo de propaganda do PSR “contra a Europa fortaleza” (p. 192). Imagem 12: Adesivo de propaganda do PSR “Sou eu que decido – aborto livre” (p. 192). Imagem 13: Muro pintado com propaganda do PSR “A tropa faz de ti um homem... sem direitos! Vota PSR” (p. 193). Imagem 14: Mapa com o possível trajeto realizado pelo grupo de skinheads na noite do assassinato de José Carvalho (p. 197). Imagem 15: Fotografia de José Carvalho (p. 200). Imagem 16: Capa do jornal Diário Popular, de 2 de janeiro de 1990 (p. 209). Imagem 17: Fotografia de Alcindo Monteiro (p. 214). Imagem 18: Mapa com a trajetória seguida pelos skinheads , enquanto agrediam pessoas na noite do dia 10 de junho de 1995, em Lisboa (p. 216). Imagem 19: Logotipo do movimento identitário francês (p. 230) Imagem 20: Logotipo da Causa Identitária portuguesa (p. 230) Imagem 21: Cena do filme Pink Floyd - The Wall (p. 238). Imagem 22: Símbolo da Hammerskin Nation (p. 240) Imagem 23: Símbolo da Portugal Hammerskins (p. 240) Imagem 24: Cartaz de propaganda convocando para a manifestação “contra a criminalidade”, de 18 de junho de 2005 (p. 246). Imagem 25: Símbolo original do PRD (p. 251). Imagem 26: Primeiro símbolo do PNR (p. 251). Imagem 27: Símbolo do PNR redesenhado em 2010 (p. 251). Imagem 28: Símbolo do MSI (p. 252). Imagem 29: Símbolo do MS-FT (p. 252). Imagem 30: Símbolo do Front National francês (p. 252). Imagem 31: Símbolo do National Front inglês (p. 252). Imagem 32: Frente e verso do cartão de militante da JN (p. 260). Imagem 33: Logotipo da Frente Nacional (p. 264). Imagem 34: Logotipo do PNR (p. 264). Imagem 35: Primeiro outdoor do PNR de 2007 (p. 266). Imagem 36: Segundo outdoor do PNR de 2007 (p. 267). Imagem 37: Cartaz do grupo “Gato Fedorento”, posicionado ao lado do cartaz do PNR (p. 268). Imagem 38: Mário Machado faz a saudação nazista diante de jornalistas em um intervalo do seu julgamento em 3 de outubro de 2008 (p. 274). Imagem 39: Outdoor do PNR de 2008 (p. 275). Imagem 40: Cartaz de 2007 do SVP (p. 277). Imagem 41: Cartaz de 2008 do NPD, “A limpeza em Hessen!” (p. 277). Imagem 42: Cartaz do PSR da década de 1980 (p. 278). Imagem 43: Cartaz do PSR da década de 1980 (p. 278). PRINCIPAIS ABREVIATURAS UTILIZADAS AJC – Associação José Carvalho (Portugal) AN – Aliança Nacional (Portugal) BE – Bloco de Esquerda (Portugal) CDS-PP – Partido do Centro Democrático Social – Partido Popular (Portugal) CESV – Círculo de Estudos Sociais Vector (Portugal) CODECOs – Comités de Defesa da Civilização Ocidental (Portugal) DAELUL - Direção da Associação de Estudantes da Faculdade de Letras (da Universidade de Lisboa) DGS – Direção-Geral de Segurança (Portugal) DU – Direita Unida (Portugal) ELP – Exército de Libertação Português FN – Front National (França) FN-NM - Força Nacional-Nova Monarquia (Portugal) GNR – Guarda Nacional Republicana (Portugal) HI – História Imediata HSN – Hammerskin Nation (EUA) HTP – História do Tempo Presente IL – Integralismo Lusitano (Portugal) JN – Juventude Nacionalista (Portugal) JUVENAC – Juventude Nacionalista (Portugal) MAN – Movimento de Acção Nacional (Portugal) MDLP – Movimento Democrático de Libertação de Portugal MIRN – Movimento Independente para a Reconstrução Nacional (Portugal) MJP – Movimento Jovem Portugal MPT – Partido da Terra (Portugal) MRPP – Movimento Reorganizativo do Partido do Proletariado (Portugal) MS-FT - Movimento Sociale Fiamma Tricolore (Itália) MSI – Movimento Social Italiano (Itália) NEOS – Núcleo de Estudos Oliveira Salazar (Portugal) NF – National Front (Inglaterra) N/S – Nacional Sindicalismo (Portugal) NSDAP – Partido Nacional Socialista dos Trabalhadores Alemães (Alemanha) ON – Ordem Nova (Portugal) PDC – Partido da Direita Portuguesa PCP – Partido Comunista Português (Portugal) PCTP – Partido Comunista dos Trabalhadores Portugueses (Portugal) PDC – Partido da Democracia Cristã (Portugal) PEV – Partido Ecologista “Os Verdes” (Portugal) PH – Partido Humanista (Portugal) PHS – Portugal Hammerskins (Portugal) PIDE – Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado (Portugal) PJ – Polícia Judiciária (Portugal) PNR – Partido Nacional Renovador (Portugal) POUS – Partido Operário de Unidade Socialista (Portugal) PPD – Partido Popular Democrático (Portugal) PPM – Partido Popular Monárquico (Portugal) PS – Partido Socialista (Portugal) PSD – Partido Social Democrata (Portugal) PSP – Polícia de Segurança Pública (Portugal) PSR – Partido Socialista Revolucionário (Portugal) PRD – Partido Renovador Democrático (Portugal) PVDE – Polícia de Vigilância e Defesa do Estado (Portugal) UDP – União Democrática Popular (Portugal) UL – Universidade de Lisboa URAP - União dos Resistentes Antifascistas Portugueses RESUMO Esta pesquisa buscou analisar o comportamento da direita radical portuguesa no período compreendido entre a Revolução dos Cravos (1974) e o ano de 2012. Tal delimitação temporal corresponde ao período democrático estabelecido após quarenta e um anos de regime autoritário. A ênfase da pesquisa recaiu sobre dois eixos fundamentais. De um lado, foi abordada a criação de organizações culturais e políticas de direita radical. Por outro, foi analisada a organização de grupos violentos de conotação racista e xenofóbica e sua atuação no período estudado. Também foram analisadas as relações entre as associações de cunho cultural e político com os grupos extremistas violentos. Como exemplo principal de uma organização de direita radical de cunho político, temos o Partido Nacional Renovador (PNR), criado no ano 2000. Como exemplo principal de organização extremista violenta, de caráter xenofóbioco e racista, temos a Portugal Hammerskins (PHS), criada entre 2000 e 2005. ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the behavior of the portuguese radical right in the period between the Carnation Revolution (1974) and the year 2012. Such temporal delimitation corresponds to the democratic period established after forty one years of authoritarian rule. The research emphasizes two main aspects: the creation of radical right cultural and political organizations; and the organization of violent racist and xenophobic
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Issue No. 129, Summer, 1988
    -' Australasian ~ NUMBER 129 SUMMER 1988/1989 IfO cents Social Patriots Enlist for New Pacific War • own 1 • 1- For Proletarian Internationalism! Dwarfed by a huge Australian flag emblazoned with "heart of a na tion," second-hand dealer Bruce Whiteside proclaimed: "We are again facing a threat of invasion." The 1300 people packed into this hall on Queensland's Gold Coast in May, including the state Labor Party deputy leader .T')m Burns, erupted into massive applause. Later the announcement of a bomb threat provoked cries of "the Japanese have done it" and Tokyo stock exchange, largest in the world. Rise of Japan Inc fuels chauvinist fears in White Australia. "yellow peril," ment, which is now triggering a (Australian, 28-29 May). The 31 ~ational Action posters proclaim- The coming of Japan as the filthy anti-Japanese backlash in October morning edition of ing "White Australia, the workers' Asian economic. "superpower," Australia. The hysterical, racist Yomiuri Shimbun, circulation 9.6 cause!" and "Oppose the Japanese symbolised by the rise of the Gold Coast meeting prompted the million and one of Japan's two property invasion." value of the yen against both the Japanese consulate to complain main bourgeois dailies, carried a, Anti-Japan chauvinism extends US and Australian dollars, has led that "people were confusing mem- page four headline "Rising anti- far beyond the tiny fascist fringe. to a surge in Japanese tourism and ories of World War II with the Japanese feeling in Australia." Its Treasurer Keating weighed in, a mini-boom in property invest- realities of. modern-day Japan" article featured photos of fascist Continued on page six Russian Nazis Raise Their Heads Soviet Workers Must Crush Pamyatl Recent statements in Soviet Leningrad which does not evoke "t" ~':' newspapers report an ominous memories of this hero city's %: development.
    [Show full text]
  • The Radical Roots of the Alt-Right
    Gale Primary Sources Start at the source. The Radical Roots of the Alt-Right Josh Vandiver Ball State University Various source media, Political Extremism and Radicalism in the Twentieth Century EMPOWER™ RESEARCH The radical political movement known as the Alt-Right Revolution, and Evolian Traditionalism – for an is, without question, a twenty-first century American audience. phenomenon.1 As the hipster-esque ‘alt’ prefix 3. A refined and intensified gender politics, a suggests, the movement aspires to offer a youthful form of ‘ultra-masculinism.’ alternative to conservatism or the Establishment Right, a clean break and a fresh start for the new century and .2 the Millennial and ‘Z’ generations While the first has long been a feature of American political life (albeit a highly marginal one), and the second has been paralleled elsewhere on the Unlike earlier radical right movements, the Alt-Right transnational right, together the three make for an operates natively within the political medium of late unusual fusion. modernity – cyberspace – because it emerged within that medium and has been continuously shaped by its ongoing development. This operational innovation will Seminal Alt-Right figures, such as Andrew Anglin,4 continue to have far-reaching and unpredictable Richard Spencer,5 and Greg Johnson,6 have been active effects, but researchers should take care to precisely for less than a decade. While none has continuously delineate the Alt-Right’s broader uniqueness. designated the movement as ‘Alt-Right’ (including Investigating the Alt-Right’s incipient ideology – the Spencer, who coined the term), each has consistently ferment of political discourses, images, and ideas with returned to it as demarcating the ideological territory which it seeks to define itself – one finds numerous they share.
    [Show full text]
  • Identitarian Movement
    Identitarian movement The identitarian movement (otherwise known as Identitarianism) is a European and North American[2][3][4][5] white nationalist[5][6][7] movement originating in France. The identitarians began as a youth movement deriving from the French Nouvelle Droite (New Right) Génération Identitaire and the anti-Zionist and National Bolshevik Unité Radicale. Although initially the youth wing of the anti- immigration and nativist Bloc Identitaire, it has taken on its own identity and is largely classified as a separate entity altogether.[8] The movement is a part of the counter-jihad movement,[9] with many in it believing in the white genocide conspiracy theory.[10][11] It also supports the concept of a "Europe of 100 flags".[12] The movement has also been described as being a part of the global alt-right.[13][14][15] Lambda, the symbol of the Identitarian movement; intended to commemorate the Battle of Thermopylae[1] Contents Geography In Europe In North America Links to violence and neo-Nazism References Further reading External links Geography In Europe The main Identitarian youth movement is Génération identitaire in France, a youth wing of the Bloc identitaire party. In Sweden, identitarianism has been promoted by a now inactive organisation Nordiska förbundet which initiated the online encyclopedia Metapedia.[16] It then mobilised a number of "independent activist groups" similar to their French counterparts, among them Reaktion Östergötland and Identitet Väst, who performed a number of political actions, marked by a certain
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Neo-Nazism in the Usa, United Kingdom and Australia
    TRANSNATIONAL NEO-NAZISM IN THE USA, UNITED KINGDOM AND AUSTRALIA PAUL JACKSON February 2020 JACKSON | PROGRAM ON EXTREMISM About the Program on About the Author Extremism Dr Paul Jackson is a historian of twentieth century and contemporary history, and his main teaching The Program on Extremism at George and research interests focus on understanding the Washington University provides impact of radical and extreme ideologies on wider analysis on issues related to violent and societies. Dr. Jackson’s research currently focuses non-violent extremism. The Program on the dynamics of neo-Nazi, and other, extreme spearheads innovative and thoughtful right ideologies, in Britain and Europe in the post- academic inquiry, producing empirical war period. He is also interested in researching the work that strengthens extremism longer history of radical ideologies and cultures in research as a distinct field of study. The Britain too, especially those linked in some way to Program aims to develop pragmatic the extreme right. policy solutions that resonate with Dr. Jackson’s teaching engages with wider themes policymakers, civic leaders, and the related to the history of fascism, genocide, general public. totalitarian politics and revolutionary ideologies. Dr. Jackson teaches modules on the Holocaust, as well as the history of Communism and fascism. Dr. Jackson regularly writes for the magazine Searchlight on issues related to contemporary extreme right politics. He is a co-editor of the Wiley- Blackwell journal Religion Compass: Modern Ideologies and Faith. Dr. Jackson is also the Editor of the Bloomsbury book series A Modern History of Politics and Violence. The views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author, and not necessarily those of the Program on Extremism or the George Washington University.
    [Show full text]
  • Confronting the Rise in Anti-Semitic Domestic Terrorism
    CONFRONTING THE RISE IN ANTI-SEMITIC DOMESTIC TERRORISM HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE AND COUNTERTERRORISM OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JANUARY 15, 2020 Serial No. 116–58 Printed for the use of the Committee on Homeland Security Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.govinfo.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 41–310 PDF WASHINGTON : 2020 VerDate Mar 15 2010 09:11 Sep 22, 2020 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 H:\116TH\20IC0115\41310.TXT HEATH Congress.#13 COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY BENNIE G. THOMPSON, Mississippi, Chairman SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas MIKE ROGERS, Alabama JAMES R. LANGEVIN, Rhode Island PETER T. KING, New York CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, Louisiana MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas DONALD M. PAYNE, JR., New Jersey JOHN KATKO, New York KATHLEEN M. RICE, New York MARK WALKER, North Carolina J. LUIS CORREA, California CLAY HIGGINS, Louisiana XOCHITL TORRES SMALL, New Mexico DEBBIE LESKO, Arizona MAX ROSE, New York MARK GREEN, Tennessee LAUREN UNDERWOOD, Illinois VAN TAYLOR, Texas ELISSA SLOTKIN, Michigan JOHN JOYCE, Pennsylvania EMANUEL CLEAVER, Missouri DAN CRENSHAW, Texas AL GREEN, Texas MICHAEL GUEST, Mississippi YVETTE D. CLARKE, New York DAN BISHOP, North Carolina DINA TITUS, Nevada BONNIE WATSON COLEMAN, New Jersey NANETTE DIAZ BARRAGA´ N, California VAL BUTLER DEMINGS, Florida HOPE GOINS, Staff Director CHRIS VIESON, Minority Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE AND COUNTERTERRORISM MAX ROSE, New York, Chairman SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas MARK WALKER, North Carolina, Ranking JAMES R. LANGEVIN, Rhode Island Member ELISSA SLOTKIN, Michigan PETER T. KING, New York BENNIE G.
    [Show full text]
  • CONTRA LA PATAGONIA JUDÍA. LA FAMILIA EICHMANN Y LOS NACIONALISTAS ARGENTINOS Y CHILENOS FRENTE AL PLAN Andlnia (DE 1960 a NUESTROS DÍAS)"
    CONTRA LA PATAGONIA JUDÍA. LA FAMILIA EICHMANN y LOS NACIONALISTAS ARGENTINOS Y CHILENOS FRENTE AL PLAN ANDlNIA (DE 1960 A NUESTROS DÍAS)" Ernesto Bohoslavsky Investigador-docente, Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento, Argentina [email protected] RESUMEN Este artículo procura rastrear los orígenes de la creación del llamado "Plan Andinia", una supuesta conspiración israelí para erigir un segundo Estado judío en el sur argentino y chile­ no. Contrariamente a lo que ha sostenido buena parte de la historiografia del antisemitismo y la literatura testimonial comunitaria, los orígenes de esta invención no se encuentran a inicios de la década de 1970, sino diez años atrás, en el contexto posterior al secuestro de Adolf Eichmann. PALABRAS CLAVE: Plan Andinia, antisemitismo, neonazismo, Argentina, Chile. ABSTRACT This article looks for the origins of the creatíon of the so-called "Plan Andínia", an alleged Israelí plot tended to build a second Jewísh State, this time located in Southern Argentina and Chile. Opposite to what has been proposed by most of the specialists in Anti-Semitism and communitarian memories, the origíns of this invention were not during the beginning of the decade of 1970, but in the previous decade, immediately after Adolf Eichmann's kidnapping in Buenos Aires. KEY WORDS: Andinia Plot, Antisemitism, Neonazism, Argentina, Chile. Desde hace ya varios años se viene difundiendo a través de publícaciones clandestinas y de sitios web la existencia de un supuesto complot israelí para crear un segundo Estado judío. Según esa versión, el llamado "Plan Andinia" seria la ejecución del verdadero propósito de Theodor Herzl, líder del sionismo, quien habría soñado no solo con la creación de un Judenstaat en la histórica tierra palestina sino con la erección de dos unidades políticas.
    [Show full text]
  • R V Renshaw Sentencing Remarks
    In the Central Criminal Court Regina v Jack Renshaw Sentencing Remarks of Mrs Justice McGowan 17 May 2019 1. As a child you became interested in, and then obsessed by, Nazi history and beliefs. You told a jury in an earlier trial the following facts about your background: That you had held extreme right-wing views since age 14. That you were convinced that there was an international Jewish conspiracy, which obsessed you. That you viewed the State as oppressing the white community, by encouraging non-whites to enter the country, a state of affairs which the Jews were encouraging. Nothing was more important than ending the Jewish control of this country That you hated Jewish people and they should all be dead. That was the subject of the speech you gave at the Yorkshire Forum when you called for the eradication of the Jews. You do not accept that the holocaust happened during the Second World War and agreed with the views set out in the “Multiculturalism is Genocide” poster A race war was inevitable and “we” had to be prepared to fight that war. 2. You have never grown out of that obsession. Your perverted view of history and current politics has caused you to believe it right to demonise groups, simply because they are different from you and, in furtherance of that obsession, you set out to plot to kill. 3. Having originally become involved in the British National Party you moved on to join National Action. That organisation had come to the attention of the authorities in 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Study of Fascist Groups from Brazil and Argentina on the Internet (1996-2007) Revista Tempo E Argumento, Vol
    Revista Tempo e Argumento E-ISSN: 2175-1803 [email protected] Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina Brasil Santos Maynard, Dilton Cândido Intolerance South of America: comparative study of fascist groups from Brazil and Argentina on the Internet (1996-2007) Revista Tempo e Argumento, vol. 6, núm. 12, mayo-agosto, 2014, pp. 276-307 Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina Florianópolis, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=338132153015 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative e ‐ ISSN 2175 ‐ 1803 Intolerance South of America: comparative study of fascist groups from Brazil and Argentina on the Internet (1996‐2007) Abstract This article investigates the uses of the Internet made by Dilton Cândido Santos Maynard fascist groups from Brazil and Argentina. We use as main Universidade Federal de Sergipe ‐ UFS. sources professedly fascist websites created shortly after the Brasil popularization of the Internet. From the perspective offered [email protected] by the comparative methodology advocated by Marc Bloch, the text examines the relation between Brazilian homepages and the best known South American far‐right website, Ciudad Libertad Opinión, created in 1999 with the primary purpose of spreading fascist ideas and providing support to other extremist groups. We point out the strategic role played by the web portal Libre Opinión as articulator between fascist groups in South America, this is a key contributor in the diffusion of Brazilian web pages marked to convey on a regular basis xenophobic, racist, anti‐Semitic, and homophobic messages.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Nationalist Ideological, Historical, and Legal Archive
    AUSTRALIAN NATIONALIST IDEOLOGICAL, HISTORICAL, AND LEGAL ARCHIVE www.alphalink.com.au/~radnat MISSION STATEMENT (as updated, August 24 2002): This Site is a document archive linked to other Australian Nationalist political and information sites. A few Australian authors are on-line. As further works are prepared for Internet publication, additional Australian authors shall appear here. This document archive shall: (i) Ground Australian Nationalism ideologically and historically; this task is related to the legitimacy of the cause as well as the discussion of its favoured political expressions and historical place and activism; providing an accurate analysis is vital in combatting the misrepresentation of Nationalist ideology and politics by its opponents in politics and the media. (ii) Answer (when appropriate) the State-liberal-political-police propaganda which attempts to delegitimize the Nationalist organizations by an assertion that they have operated, or do operate, in a criminal manner; this task shall be addressed by relevant exposé of various "legal processes" operated against Nationalist leaders and other patriotic identities in the past. This Archive shall be continually updated and maintained as a resource for the instruction of a new generation of Nationalist leaders and activists. Texts of a general relevancy to the development of Australian Nationalist ideology and politics will also be placed upon this site. This includes material drawn from the corpus of Euro-nationalist discourse. The Editors welcome that our attention is drawn to selective material. The Editors will permit some debate around the issue of ideological and political formation and shall not censor any reasonable view on any subject which advances this objective.
    [Show full text]
  • UK National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security 2018-2022
    UK National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security 2018-2022: Annual Report to Parliament 2020 UK National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security 2018-2022: Annual Report to Parliament 2020 Contents Section One: Ministerial Forewords .........................................................2 Section Two: Introduction ........................................................................4 Section Three: Responding to feedback ................................................6 Section Four: Focus Countries ...............................................................8 Afghanistan ........................................................................................................................9 Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) .............................................................................. 10 Iraq .................................................................................................................................. 12 Libya ................................................................................................................................ 13 Myanmar ......................................................................................................................... 15 Nigeria ............................................................................................................................. 17 Somalia ............................................................................................................................ 20 South Sudan ...................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Im Schatten Der Schwarzen Sonne
    Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke Im Schatten der Schwarzen Sonne Arische Kulte, Esoterischer Nationalsozialismus und die Politik der Abgrenzung Aus dem Englischen übersetzt von Ulrich Bossier, Katharina Maier und Michael Siefener 5 Inhalt Einleitung . 7 1. Neonazismus in den USA . 21 2. Der britische Nazi-Untergrund . 70 3. Julius Evola und das Kaliyuga. 115 4. Imperium und das Neue Atlantis . .154 5. Savitri Devi oder Hitler als Avatar . .184 6. Die „Nazi-Mysterien“. .220 7. Wilhelm Landig und die Esoterische SS . .272 8. Nazi-UFOs, die Antarktis und der Aldebaran . .310 Bildteil. .351 9. Miguel Serrano und der Esoterische Hitlerismus . .367 10. White Noise und Black Metal. .402 11. Nazi-Satanismus und der Neue Äon. .435 12. Christliche Identität und Schöpferkraft . .466 13. Rassistisches Nordisches Heidentum . 503 14. Der Verschwörungsglaube und die Neue Weltordnung. .536 Schluss . .571 7 Einleitung Der deutsche Nationalsozialismus hatte einen starken Hang zum Religiösen und Mythischen. Das Dritte Reich wirkte oft wie ein einzi- ger Kult: eine permanente Verklärung der eigenen Macht in kultischen Formen. Dem Weihespielhaften und Quasi-Liturgischen der nazisti- schen Großveranstaltungen stand die außerordentliche Glaubensglut der gewaltigen Massen gegenüber, die bei diesen Gelegenheiten zusammenströmten. Kaum ein Teilnehmer konnte sich der dichten Atmosphäre aus kollektiver Erregung und Hingabe entziehen. Die Na- tionalsozialisten schufen für ihre Zwecke eine Religiosität besonderer Art, eine Religiosität mit dem Hauptbezugspunkt Hitler. Sie
    [Show full text]
  • The U.S. National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security Builds Upon the Goals for Gender Integra- Tion Described in the U.S
    THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON WOMEN, PEACE, AND SECURITY JUNE 2016 Table of Contents Foreword 1 Statement of National Policy 2 The Case for Women in Peace and Security 4 Women as Equal Participants in Conflict Resolution 4 Protections for Women During and After Conflict 7 Women and Conflict Prevention Efforts 10 Women’s Equal Access to the Means for Recovery 14 Developing and Updating the National Action Plan 17 National Objectives and Action Framework 18 National Integration and Institutionalization 18 Participation in Peace Processes and Decision-making 20 Protection from Violence 23 Conflict Prevention 27 Access to Relief and Recovery 28 Coordination, Implementation, Monitoring, and Reporting 31 Partnerships and Collaboration 33 Call to Action 36 ★ i ★ The United States National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security Foreword The United States Government is deeply committed to the participation of women in advancing peace and security around the world Consistent with this commitment, in December 2011, President Obama released the inaugural United States National Action Plan on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS)—a document that has helped chart a course for the United States Government to accelerate, institutionalize, and better coordinate efforts to advance women’s inclusion in peace negotiations, peacebuilding activi- ties, and conflict prevention and response; to protect women and girls from gender-based violence; and to ensure safe, equitable access to relief and recovery assistance in areas of conflict and insecurity
    [Show full text]