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World Bank Document E1256 REPUBLIC OF YEMEN Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND IRRIGATION INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION Public Disclosure Authorized RAINFED AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN Public Disclosure Authorized JULY 2005 Public Disclosure Authorized ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACU Agricultural Cooperative Union ARA Agricultural Research Authority CAHW Community Animal Health Worker CBO Community-Based Organization EA Environmental Assessment EAMP Environmental Assessment and Management Plan EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan EPA Environmental Protection Authority (GOY) EPL Environmental Protection Law FA0 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations GDAR General Directorate of Animal Resources (MAI) GDP Gross Domestic Product GDMEA General Directorate for Monitoring and Environmental Assessment @PA) GOY Government of Yemen LC Local Council MA1 Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation (GOY) NEAP National Environmental Action Plan NGO Non-Governmental Organization PSU Project Support Unit (RALP) PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper RALP Rainfed Agriculture and Livestock Project SFD Social Fund for Development TDA Tihama Development Authority TOR Terms of Reference YWA Yemen Women Association REPUBLIC OF YEMEN RAINFED AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK PROJECT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT PLAN Table of Contents Page No . EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. i-iv 1 . INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 Background 1 Principles and Objectives 2 World Bank Safeguards Policies 2 Methodology 3 2 . DESCRIPTION OF THE CURRENT SITUATION ......................................... 3 Description of Physical and Biological Environment ................................. 3 Description of Socio-economic Context ..................................................... 5 Description of Stalceholders and Beneficiaries ........................................... 6 3 . ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY. LEGAL. ADMINISTRATIVE .................... 7 FRAMEWORK Policy Context ............................................................................................. 7 Legal Framework for Environmental Management .................................... 8 Administrative Framework for Environmental Management ..................... 9 4 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AND ALTERNATIVES .................................................................................................. 10 Description of Project ................................................................................. 10 Analysis of Project Alternatives ................................................................. 11 5 . ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ......................................................................... 12 6 . ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................. 12 7 . ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING CRITERIA FOR ..................................... 13 SUB-PROJECTS ................................................................................................... Sub-projects Subject to Environmental Screening....................................... 13 Use of Environmelltal Screening Criteria for Sub-projects ........................ 14 PSU Review and Approval ......................................................................... 15 EPA Review and Approval ......................................................................... 15 Field Supervision and Monitoring .............................................................. 15 8 . ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND EVALUATION .......................... 15 9 . AWARENESS. CAPACITY-BUILDING AND TRAINING ........................... 16 P~lblicAwareness ........................................................................................ 16 Training and Study Tours ........................................................................... 18 Consultant Services ................................................................................... 18 10. CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................... 19 IBRD MAP NO. 34325 APPENDICES Appendix I: Map of Project Area .................................................................................... 20 Appendix 11: Reports from the Field Visits to Project Areas ........................................... 21 Appendix 111: List of Stakeholders Met ............................................................................. 34 Appendix IV: Environmental Policy. Legal and Administrative Framework ................... 39 Appendix V: Income-Generating Project Alternatives..................................................... 47 Appendix VI: Environmelltal Screening Criteria.............................................................. 49 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Tlle Govenunent of Yemen asked the World Bank to prepare an Agriculture and Livestock Project in the rainfed areas in five rural governorates: A1 Mallweet and Sana'a Governorates in the central higllland massif, Hajjah and Hodeidah Governorates in the nortllwestern mountain and coastal area and Lallej Governorate in the so~rthernnlo~~ntainous part of the country. The proposed Rainfed Agriculture and Livestock Project (RALP) is designed to provide economic, social and environmental benefits to the farmers and livestock owners, their families and the rural communities in the project areas througl~increased agricultural and animal productivity as a result of improved seed production, enhanced livestock protection and expanded water and soil conservation and management. On behalf of the Wnistry of Agriculture and Irrigation (MAI), the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) conducted an Eilvironmental Assessment (EA) of the proposed project - visiting project areas in the five governorates, meeting with project stakeholders and viewing environmental and social conditions in the rural villages - and prepared an Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Environmental Assessment The EA found the project to be a major advance in Yemen for supporting traditional rainfed agricultural systems (as opposed to groundwater withdrawal systems) and improved animal ll~~sbandryin the five governorates. The EA confirmed that the overall environmental impact of the project should be positive - the social and environmental benefits of the project (in terms of increased agricultural and animal productivity as a result of improved seed production, enhanced livestock protection and expanded water and soil conservation and management) will outweigll any potential adverse environmental or social impacts. Further, it found that any potential adverse impacts can be prevented or minimized by the preventive actions and mitigation measures recommended in the EMP. The EA confirmed the "Category B" classification of the project under World Bank safeguard policies, finding no significant, cumulative or irreversible environmental impacts from the project. Furthermore, it found that no other safeguard policies apply, but it recommends capacity building in integrated pest management to address any pest management concerns, in lnanagement and conservation of natural areas to address nat~lralhabitat considerations, etc. Environmental Management Plan Tlle EMP addresses the range of potential adverse environmental and social impacts presented by RALP interventions, particularly those posed by the rehabilitation of the veterinary labs, the constnlction of the animal quarantine facility at A1 Mukha and the small-scale infrastructure projects for markets, water harvesting and flood control, terrace rehabilitation, etc. to be financed by the project. It proposes a process and criteria for screening the small-scale infrastructure projects, as well as a monitoring and evaluation program for tracking project environmental impacts and a11 envirolmlental awareness, capacity-building and training program for the range of public and private sector institutions and local populations involved in the project. A description of these various parts of the EMP follows: (a) Envirollmental Management Matrices The EMP outlines the appropriate preventive actions and mitigation measures for addressing the potential adverse environmental and social impacts identified by the EA for the various sub-projects included in the RALP. The recommended actions and measures, covering the design, construction and operation phases of these sub-projects, are presented in two environmental management matrices: one for the construction of the animal holding grounds at A1 Muklla, the other for the rehabilitatioil/construction of the veterinary labs and the small-scale infrastructure sub- projects for markets, water harvesting and flood control, etc. (b) Environnleiltal Screening for Sub-Proiects The objective of the environmental screening criteria and procedures is to ensure routine review of the small-scale infrastnlcture sub- projects to be financed by tlle RALP in order to identify and address potential adverse environmental impacts. Where potential impacts are minor, they should be addressed through the preventive actions or simple mitigation measures identified in the EMF'; more significant impacts may require review under Yenleni EIA regulations and implementation of specifically-identified mitigation measures. The environmental screening will take place as follows: Sub-proiects and Activities
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