22192 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 1973, pursuant to section 439(k}, title IV of Small Business Act, the Small Business title 38 of the United States Code to require the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended Investment Act, and for other purposes; the etsablishment of comprehensive treat­ (20 U.S.C. 1087-2(k)); to the Committee on with amendment (Rept. No. 93-1178). Re­ ment and rehabilitative services and pro­ E~. u;!ation and Labor. ferred to the Committee of the Whole House grams for all veterans suffering from alcohol­ 2522. A letter from the Chairman, Federal on the State of the Union. ism, drug dependence, or alcohol or drug Power Commission, transmitting a copy of Mr. STAGGERS: Committee on Interstate abuse disabilities; to the Committee on Vet­ the publication entitled, "Natural Gas Act, and Foreign Commerce. S. 1728. An act to erans' Affairs. M~r.::h 1, 1974"; to the Committee on Inter­ increase benefits provided to American By Mr. OWENS: state and Foreign Commerce. civilian internees in Southeast Asia; with H.R. 15795. A bill to amend title 5, United 2523. A letter from the Commissioner, Im­ amendment (Rept. No. 93-1179). Referred to States Code, to regulate certain activities of IDigration and Naturalization Service, De­ the Committee of the Whole House on the Federal employees, and for other purposes; partment of Justice, transmitting a copy of State of the Union. to the Committee on House Administration. the order suspending deportation in the case By Mr. RIEGLE (for himself, Mr. COR­ of Benito Palafox-Gutierrez, pursuant to sec­ MAN, Mr. DANIELSON, Mr. DRINAN, tion 244(a) (2) of the Immigration and Na­ PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Mr. HAMILTON, Mr. HECHLER of West tionality Act, as amended (8 U.S.C. 1254(c) Virginia, Ms. HOLTZMAN, Mr. MAL­ ( 1 ) ) ; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, public LARY, Mr. PREYER, Mr. ROSE, Mr. 2524. A letter from the Commissioner, Im­ bills and resolutions were introduced and TRAXLER, and Mr.VANDERVEEN): migration and Naturalization Service, De­ severally referred as follows: H.R. 15796. A bill to amend the Employ­ partment of Justice, transmitting copies of By Mr. BROYHILL of North Carolina: ment Act of 1946 with respect to price sta­ orders suspending deportation, together with H.R. 15789. A bill to regulate commerce by bility; to the Committee on Government Op­ a list of the persons involved, pursuant to establishing a nationwide system to restore erations. section 244(a) (1) of the Immigration and motor vehicle accident victims and by By Mr. ROE ~for himself, Mr. BAFALIS, Nationality Act, as amended (8 U.S.C. 1254 requiring no-fault motor vehicle insurance l\:1r. HAMMERSCHMIDT, Mr. MCSPAD­ (c) (1)); to the Committee on the Judiciary. as a condition precedent to using a motor DEN. Mr. MOLLOHAN' and Mr. RECEIVED FROM THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL vehicle on public roadways; to the Com­ STUCKEY}; 2525. A letter from the Comptroller Gen­ mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. H.R. 15797. A bill to amend the Public eral of the United States, transmitting a re­ By Mr. CARNEY of Ohio (for himself, Health Service Act to provide assistance for port on the implementation and impact of Mr. TEAGUE, Mr. DORN, and Mr. programs for the diagnosis, prevention, and reductions in civilian employment during SATTERFIELD) : treatment of, and research in, Huntington's :fiscal year 1972; to the Committee on Gov­ H.R. 15790. A bill to amend section 802 of disease; to the Committee on Interstate and ernment Operations. title 38, United States Code, so as to increase Foreign Commerce. Veterans' Administration assistance to seri­ By Mr. SYMMS: ously disabled veterans in acquiring specially H.R. 15798. A bill to authorize and direct adapted housing; to the Committee on the Secretary of the Interior to study the REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUB­ Veterans' Affairs. feasibility and suitability of establishing a LIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. DIGGS (for himself, Mr. Hells Canyon National Recreation Area in FRASER, Mr. FAUNTROY, and Mr. the States of Idaho and Oregon; to the Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of BROYHILL of Virginia) : Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. committees were delivered to the Clerk H.R. 15791. A bill to amend section 204(g) By Mr. WYLIE: for printing and reference to the proper of the District of Columbia Self-Govern­ H.R. 15799. A bill to provide for protec­ calendar, as follows : ment and Governmental Reorganization Act, tion of franchised dealers in petroleum prod­ Mr. PERKINS: Committee of conference. and for other purposes; to the Committee on ucts; to the Committee on Interstate and Conference report on S. 3203 (Rept. No. the District of Columbia. Foreign Commerce. 93-1175). Ordered to be printed. By Mr. ERLENBORN (for himself and By Mr. ROGERS: Mr. HOLIFIELD: Committee on Govern­ Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin): H. Con. Res. 558 Concurrent resolution ex­ ment Operations. H.R. 15233. A bill to estab­ H.R. 15792. A bill to amend the National pressing the sense of Congress that the Pres­ lish an Office of Federal Procurement Policy Labor Relations Act to extend its coverage ident exercise his authority to suspend as­ within the Office of Management and Budget; and protection to employees of nonprofit sistance to the Government of Turkey; to with amendment (Rept. No. 93-1176). Re­ hospitals, and for other purposes; to the the Committee on Foreign Afi'airs. ferred to the Committee of the Whole House Committee on Education and Labor. By Mr. FUQUA: on the State of the Union. By Mr. FRENZEL: H. Res. 1221. Resolution expressing the Mr. PATMAN: Committee on Banking and H.R. 15793. A bill to a.mend the Federal sense of the House regarding the reclassifi­ Currency. H.R. 9989. A bill to further the Election Campaign Act of 1971 to impose cation of servicemen listed a.s missing in ac­ national housing goal of encouraging home­ overall limitations on campaign expenditures tion in Southeast Asia to presumptive find­ ownership by regulating certain lending and political contributions; to provide that ing of death status; to the Committee on practices and closing and settlement pro­ expenditures made by a candidate may be Armed Services. cedures in federally related mortgage trans­ made only by the central campaign commit­ actions to the end that unnecessary costs and tee designated by him; to provide for a single difficulties of purchasing housing a.re mini­ reporting responsibility with respect to re­ PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS mized, and for other purposes; with amend­ ceipts and expenditures; to change the times ment (Rept. No. 93-1177). Referred to the for the filing of reports regarding campaign Under clause 1 of rule XXII, Committee of the Whole House on the State expenditures and political contributions; and Mr. GUDE introduced a bill (H.R. 1580<¥) of the Union. for other purposes; to the Committee on for the relief of Victor Henrique Carlos Gib­ Mr. PATMAN: Committee on Banking and House Administration. son, which was referred to the Committee on Currency. H.R. 15578. A bill to a.mend the H.R. 15794. A bill to amend chapter 17 of the Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ''AMERICA" from Los Angeles who has a deep and In a country such as ours abiding sense of the greatness of Amer­ With its trees and its :flowers ica and what must be done to preserve And its days and its nights HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. Full of freedoms and rights our democratic way of life. I was so im­ Can't we see what it means to be free? OF CALIFORNIA pressed with the maturity of his poem IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and the message it conveys that I want There's no country on earth Like the land of our birth Tuesday, July 2, 1974 to share it with the Congress and the We're Americans and we're proud to be. Nation. Therefore, I include this very But if you had a dollar Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, as we moving and prophetic poem by Mr. pause celebrate the 198th anniversary How you'd scream and you'd holler to James Bruce Joseph Sievers: If someone tried to take it away. of America's independence, it seems ap­ "AMERICA" Listen to me stranger propriate to point out what is right about Your freedom's in danger our great country. When confronted If you think you feel badly Look a.round at our country today. You can be happy you are able to think with so many crises, it is often difficult When you are walking a.bout sadly The left is too left to sit back and re:fiect on the positive How fortunate you are able to walk And the right's too right aspects of America. Or when you dent your car And the middle can't make up its mind Just recently a poem entitled, "Amer­ Think how many have no car to dent It's not others we should fear ica," was brought to my attention by a Or your golf's not up to par Look into your mirror good friend. The poem is by a young man What a luxury it ls to golf A traitor in there you might find July 3, ·1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22193 He comes in many forms PRESS RELEASE from which can be expected only minimal Dwells offices and dorms AMERICAN FALLS, IDAHO, June 28.-Presi­ movement toward further arms -control, is And forgets that American is his name dent Robert Rebholtz of the Idaho Cattle little more than an extension of their ex­ 01· he elects-a man· Feeders Association r.elea.sed the results of a. pectation. Then does what he can telephone poll of the Offi:cers and Directors So far, however, the first two sets of To put his representative to shame of the Association as well as a number <>f strategic arms limitation talks '8.Te not par­ Or he feels that it's wrong Idaho cattle feeders concerning the current ticularly reassuring-history is apparently For a nation to be strong legislation relating to guaranteed loans for repeating itself once again. SALT I -gave tne And a '\..miform is no way to be free the livestock industry. This legislation has Soviet Union significant numerical advan­ If we complacently passed the Senate and is now before the tages over the United States in some cate­ Ignore America's plea House. gories of weapons; SALT II has for some time ·we'll lose her and be unable to see In spite of their heavy financial losses appeared to be foundering, partly because the That our enemies, of course over the past ten months, none of the feeders Soviet Union is jockeying to achieve adO.i-. Won't need to use force polled indicated they were in favor of gov­ tlonal advantages. Because our enemies are already here ernment guaranteed loans. A number of Against this background, it might be wise And as with Greece and with Rome emphatic negative replies to this proposal to examine the pro_posals allowing for the We'll soon glve up our home were voiced. Rebholtz stated that the indus­ possibility of limited-that is, managed­ If we don't realize that with every year try was of the opinion that the only gov­ strategic nuclear war which are now being Our youth can't see ernment help needed was to have the import voiced in official circles. .In such a war, each What it means to be quotas of the 1964 Meat Import Law re­ side would attack the other with nuclear An American in love with his land instated. weapons-but would be limited to only a few, So our example must show The Idaho Congressional delegation, the isolated, strategic military facilities to indi­ That we're proud to know American National Cattlemen's Association cate intent. we•re Americans and we understand and other state cattle Feeder Associations As Secretary of Defense James R. Schlesin­ That the bruises and sears were informed of the Idaho action. ger told a Senate foreign relations subcom­ On our stripes and stars .Robert Henderlider, Executive Vice Presi­ mittee, a limited strategic nuclear war be­ Are pro.of for the youth to see dent of the Idaho cattlemen's Association, tween the Soviet Union and the United That Americans must strive stated that a poll of their Officers and Di­ States, involving "a couple of nuclear weap­ To keep America alive .rectors revealed the same feeling and that ons," is conceivable. The idea behind such an For freedom can never be free. the Idaho Cattlemen are in agreement with "exchange" of bombs is that .a demonstra­ JAMES BRUCE J'OSEPH SIEVERS. the Idaho feeders. tion of intent would discourage escalation to Meeting in Boise, the Idaho Dairy Prod­ all-out war. ucts Commission endorsed this idea, and Schlesinge1· brought forth the concept of stated that they agreed with their friends, a managed war to support his proposal to EMERGENCY LIVESTOCK ACT-TRE the cattle feeders, In passing a resolution improve the accuracy of U.S. weapons so opposing guaranteed loans or further govern­ BANK BILL ment intervention through subsidies, the that they can be aimed at hard-t.o-hit So­ Dairymen stated that what they really need­ viet military weapons and facilities. ed was for the government to put a stop Many American strategists contend, how­ HON. PETER A. PEYSER to the inferior grade dairy imports coming ever, that tying accuracy to a limited-nu­ into the United States from exporting na­ clear-wa.r strategy places Schlesinger in a 0.11' NEW YO!!X tions that subsidized such exports. paradox-and puts a strain on the so-far­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES successful policy of using the threat of nu­ clear war to deter it. Tuesday, July 2, 1974 MANAGED NUCLEAR WAR: AN They agree with his assessment that .im­ Mr. PEYSER. Mr. Speaker, opposition UNSETTLING IDEA proved, more accurate weapons would tend •to the Emergency Livestock Act contin­ to increase deterrance because the Russians could perceive the consequences of war to be ues to mount. Some of this opposition is that much more certain and dreadful. Cer­ coming from the very people whom this tainly a weapon w.hich can hit its target with legislation is 'alleged to help. HON. OLINE. TEAGUE OF TEXAS the precision of a deer rifle is more useful I would like to bring to the attention and more deadly than a blunderbuss. of my colleagues two pieces of communi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES On the other 'h:and, these American ex­ cation which l received from cattle feed­ Tuesday# July 2, 1.974 perts argue tut the advantages are far ers who .are voicing their objections to outweighed by the !faults in the proposal. this ill-conceived legislation: Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, in a recent The concept -0f limited. strategic nuclear article in the Los Angeles Times of June war, they contend. dangerously dilutes deter­ AL'l'.A VERDE INDUSTRms, INC., Eagle Pass, Tex., June 29, 1974. 27, 1974, William C. Moore writes about rence because nf these worrisome questions: that Hen. PETR A. PEYSER, the consequences of nuclear war. Our Does not the concept suggest the United States is 'attempting to :find 1m ac­ Ho11£se -Of Repr~ntatives, thoughts and rationalizations about nu­ Washington, D.C. Clear power have never been so de­ ceptable way to fight a nuclear war if only somehow it can be "managed"? Sm~ As a major cattle feeder with a one­ manded upon as now when every day time .capacity of 25,000 head of cattle, 1 Does this not, in turn, -suggest that the another nation 'a.Chieves nuclear status. grand strategy to deter war is being sub­ would like to voice my position on the pro. William Moore's article about the logic posed legislation relating to guaranteed loans ordin:ated to an operating :strategy designed for the livestock industry. of limited strategic nuclear war demand to make war less .harmf:W.? It is m.y honest opinion and observation attention by every Member of Congress. Does this not imply that the United States that in spite of the heavy financial losses ~ commend the article to you. believes nuclear war is conceivable, perhaps over the past nine months, the rank and file The article follows; inevitable-that, in short, the unthinkable cattle feeders a.r-e not in favor of the govern­ MANAGED NUCLEAR WAR: AN UNSETTLING is thinkable? ment guaranteed loans. IDEA Does not the concept remove many uncer­ tainties about the dreadful consequences of As I see it. this bill ls designed to bail out (By William C. .Moore) or benefit the banks instead. of the producers. war? Will not aggressors perceive that the Why should t.he feder.al taxpayers be used to For centuries, man has been trying to United States is weakening Its deterrent to a guarantee funds to banks which in turn will "manage" the intensity and gravity of his point where more d.aring an.d less caution is come back t-o haunt us? wars. possible in international dairs because tbe Over the year.s, the beef industry has op­ This effort-which we have come in recent consequences of w.ar have been markedly 0 erated cle&rly llll.der the law of supply a.nd years to term "arms ()Ontrol -more often reduced? demand. Please let us continue to operate than not hias failed, either because the agree­ Is not the roncept based on a slim hope without government interference. ments designed to constrain war resulted in that both sides will not escalate; that each Thanks, but .no thanks. one side gaining a mllita.ry ativantage which will forgo the objectives :for which a wm- w.as -Yours .Sincerely, was then used aggressively to achieve politi­ started; that each wlll remain ealm 11.nd ra­ . LEON MILLER, cal objectives, or because the constraints re­ tional while suffering the loss of large num­ President, Alta Verde Industries, Inc. duced the consequences of war to the point bers of men, great quantities of materiel, :and that war became an acceptable gamble. substantial numbers of nuclear weapons? .IDAEO CATTLE FEEDERS .For the past few years, desplte repeated Once before the idea of "managed war" AssOCIATION, INC., failures throughout history, -anns control intrigued U.S. leaders. Presidents .Kennedy Boi,se, Idaho, July 1, 1974. has again been beguiling the idealists. The and Johnson tr.ielil to .. '.manage" convention­ DEA"R CONGRESSMAN PEYSER! Attached ls a. diplomatic magic of Secretary of State Henry. al war 1n the 1960s. Their concep~known copy of ·a press release issued only .moments A. Kissinger -and the euphoria of detente -as .flexible response-fatted.. Wby? "Because ago. I -am sending lt to you at the request of have ied many to hope that the pattern of the whole concept smaeked of how l1o reduce our Presiclent, Hobert !Rebholtz. pr.evlous arms control efforts can .be avoided. the consequences of wa-r, not .how -to deter Tom AsHABAL, Secretary. President Nixon's current trlp to Moscow, or win it. 22194 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 The Communists correctly perceived that, ing of methadone. Today, Mr. Speaker, Unpaid insurance dividends ____ _ 183.72 under the restraints of flexible response, war I wish to share with you and my col­ Cash value of civil service retire- by proxy, wars of national liberation, risky leagues the fact that the city of New ment ------4,816.61 political probes and other gambles were Notes receivable (Owens Newslet- worth the candle. Witness the Berlin wall, York is planning to go one step further. teeter ______and office account commit- _ the subsequent Berlin crisis, the Cuban mis­ Councilman Carter Burden, after exten­ 11,000.00 sile threat, the Dominican affair, the Pueblo sive investigation, has introduced legis­ Notes receivable (Ted D. Owens)_ 2,000. 00 incident and finally Vietnam, where managed lation that would remove the profit Cash in savings and checking ac- war became an unmanaged, prolonged motive from methadone treatment. I counts ------1, 721. 67 nightmare. All occurred after Kennedy de­ commend Mr. Burden for this action, and Anticipated tax refund (for cided on flexible response. 3 , 898.46 Despite all the polemic explanations about submit for your information a W ABC­ 1973) ------what has prevented nuclear war for nearly TV editorial on the subject: Total assets ______142, 140. 32 30 years, the prevailing situation has not [WABC-TV editorial, 1974) been managed conventional war, parity, suf­ THE CITY SHOULD PUT AN END TO PROFIT­ All property is held in joint tenancy by ficiency, counterforce, countervalue or any MAKlNG METHADONE CLINICS my wife, Marlene Wessel Owens, and me. other esoteric strategy. Rather, it has been New York City Councilman Carter Bur­ This yea.r's statement shows a 10 percent overwhelming American superiority to nu­ evaluation increase of our two homes since den's special committee on methadone has last year. clear weapons and the dreadful consequences found a lot wrong with the way the drug they portend. is distributed. As a result of the committee's Liabilities This is the grisly logic of deterrence. It extensive field investigations, Burden has Mortgage on home Salt Lake City, is this grisly logic which many strategists be­ introduced legislation to improve the han­ Utah (Prudential Federal Sav- lieve can eliminate war as an instrument of dling and distribution of methadone. ings, Salt Lake City, Utah) ____ $15, 715. 59 policy. First of all, the bill would phase out all Mortgage on home, Fairfax, Va. Gen. Douglas MacArthur, commenting on profit making methadone clinics, putting (Riggs National Bank, Wash- the awesome power of nuclear weapons, said private clinics under closer scrutiny by ington, D.0.)------34, 878.51 war could no longer be viewed in the tradi­ authorities. tional sense as a continuation of policy by Unpaid real property tax (Vir- Secondly, the new legislation would set ginia) ------407.03 other means. War would no longer serve any guidelines for the location of clinics around useful purpose. The consequences were too Note payable (Tracy Collins Bank the city. We consider this to be very impor­ for office expenses)------5,000.00 catastrophic. Any political economic or social tant. objective for which a war might be started Note payable (New York Life In- New York City has 156 of the 450 metha­ surance Co.)______1,450.00 would be lost in a swirling, mushroom-shaped done clinics in the country. According to the Note payable (Riggs National cloud. Councilman, the bill would not tell doctors President Eisenhower successfully exploit­ Bank) ------1,857.00 how to treat patients, but it would make Note payable to purchase auto- ed the power of the atomic bomb to counter sure that the addicts are actually getting aggressive policies. He threatened nuclear mobile (Riggs National Bank, treatment and not just getting free narcotics. Washington, D.C.)------937. 30 war in Korea to achieve an armistice. A Methadone is a dangerous drug, just like similar threat purportedly made Soviet Pre­ Notes payable (Washington Na- heroin. It lS addictive, it's very powerful tional Bank, office expenses)___ 6, 000. 00 mier Nikita Khrushchev forgo his threat to and it can kill. We support stricter control take over Berlin in 1957. And Eisenhower used Note payable (Washington Na- the term "parochial" to describe those who over its use. tional Bank, persona.U------2, 000. 00 would remove the "balance of terror" from international affairs. Total liabilities______68, 245. 43 Kennedy described the atomic bomb as a FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE Sword of Damocles hanging dangerously over STATEMENT Net worth______73, 894. 89 the world. Nevertheless, in the final hour, For calendar year 1973 we paid $5,194.17 he was forced to use the threat of nuclear in Federal income taxes, and $1,052.21 in war against the Soviet Union to resolve the HON. WAYNE OWENS Utah State income taxes on gross income Cuban missile crisis. OF UTAH of $38,071.95. This reflects $9,093.16 Federal The Sword of Damocles, as Kennedy said, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES withholding and as expected $3,898.46 re­ does hang over the world by a most slender funded. thread. But is this so terrible a risk? Does Tuesday, July 2, 1974 This year's disclosure statement reflects an anyone doubt that the sword has tempered Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, on July 1, increase net worth over the last year of diplomacy, curbed daring, made world lead­ $18,495.35. This is attributable to assigning ers more cautious about flirting with war? 1972, when running for election to the I an increase in revaluation of both homes This balance of terror involves some risk House of Representatives, made public of 10 per cent (total increased valuation of of nuclear war, but the risks become in­ a statement of my personal and political $9,562.50) decrease in indebtedness on two finitely greater if world leaders start ration­ finances. At that time I pledged that, if home mortgages ($1,986.39), increase in re­ alizing the logic of limited strategic nuclear elected, I would continue to release such tirement cash value ($3,230.03), and an ex­ war. a statement each year. On June 29, 1973, pected tax refund for overpaid 1973 Federal I entered such a disclosure at page 22441 taxes of $3,898.46. These a.mounts total of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. I support $18,677 .38. METHADONE AND PROFITS legislation to require this disclosure by DO NOT MIX Members of Congress, candidates for Congress, Federal judges, and public of­ GEORGE W. WELSH HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL ficials of the executive branch, and re­ OF NEW YORK gret that such a requirement is not al­ HON. RICHARD F. VANDERVEEN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ready written into law. OF MICHIGAN My current financial statement as of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, July 2, 1974 July 1, 1974, follows: Tuesday, July 2, 1974 Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, many peo­ Assets ple in this country consider methadone Item and Current Value Mr.VANDERVEEN. Mr. Speaker, the treatment the panacea to heroin addic­ Home, Salt Lake City, Utah _____ $31, 927. 50 passing of George W. Welsh ends dec­ tion. While I disagree with this conclu­ Home, Fairfax, Va______73, 260. 00 ades of dedication to Grand Rapids. He sion, I do believe methadone mainte­ One-eighth interest in old family was an institution in the Grand River nance has made a significant contribu­ home, Panguitch, Utah (owned Valley region. tion to the health and welfare of the with seven brothers and I recall the day during my campaign hardened heroin addict. sisters)------1,210.00 for the special election early in Febru­ Four shares stock, Canadian But like any other new products with Homestead 011______15. 00 ary when a State trooper stopped my car a ready market, the American free enter­ near Allendale to give me a message that 5,000 shares stock, Cameo Min- I should call George Welsh right away. prise spirit notwithstanding the social erals------300.00 consequences, has found ways to exploit 1973 Ford Capri______2, 100.00 He had a scoop which he said would this situation for a fast buck. Mounting 1969 Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser___ 900. 00 turn the tide of the election. He was ever evidence of such exploitation recently Home furnishings and personal ready with political advice. spurred this Congress to pass the Nar­ belongings ------­ 4,500.00 Loved and respected by many, he was cotic Addict Treatment Act which in­ Library ------­ 1,000.00 one of the most controversial political creased Federal control over the dispens- Whole life insurance, cash value_ 3,307.36 figures in the State. The Grand Rapids July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22195 eluded a prelude of Memorial Day hymns the United Nations or made it work-partly Press stated that Welch never lost in­ because of party politics rather than the good terest in politics; he had a vision of the played by Kenneth Beyer, the church of the world. No wonder we have these poems. way things ought to be. organist, and hymns fea.turing the par­ George Welsh, 91, died at his home on ticipation of Mrs. Sharon Kreisberg, the IN FLANDERS FIELD Michigan St., NE., in Grand Rapids, church choir, and the congregation. This (By John Mccrae) Mich., June 29, 1974. He was born in service is shared by a different area In Flanders Fields the poppies blow church each year. While speaking to the Between the crosses, row on row, Glasgow, Scotland in 1883. His family That mark our place; and in the sky came to the United States when he was Gold Star Mothers after the ceremony, The larks, still bravely singing, fly 8 years old. I was told of the deeply moving message Scarce heard amid the guns below. Publisher of the weekly paper, Inter­ of the Reverend Driscoll's sermon, "The We are the Dead. Short days ago preter, he was always on the lookout for Meaning of Our Memorials,'' based on We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, advertising and always ready with a a chapter from the book of Joshua, which Loved, and were loved, and now we lie cause he felt the people in Grand Rapids attempts to reinstill in us the true mean­ In Flanders fields. would and should rally to. He never ing of Memorial Day. I later spoke with Take up our quarrel with the foe: slowed his pace of operation. the Reverend Driscoll and requested a To you from failing hands we throw From his early days as an AP Dis­ copy of this sermon so that I might share The torch; be yours to hold it high. patch runner for a wage of $2 per week its message with my colleagues. If ye break faith with us who die The sermon follows: We shall not sleep, though poppies grow he combined his love of causes and poli­ In Flanders fields. tics. He made his first public speech in THE MEANING OF OUR MEMORIALS 1912. . Joshua 4: 1-20; Text verses 6, 7; "The This was a passionate plea from those who He was elected to the State House of monument will be a permanent reminder to fought, some of whom died, that the world Representatives in 1916. He served four the people." might be free. Edna Jacques felt that we had INTRODUCTION caught the torch, and we were holding it high terms. A progressive Republican, he for the freedoms that she felt were won: The beautiful granite and marble stones helped establish work farms for convicts, IN FLANDERS NOW brought rural electrification to his home in many towns, cities, and villages, bearing the names of the men and women who gave (By Edna Jacques, in answer to county, and sponsored an amendment to their lives in our various wars, stand as a John Mccrae) the capital punishment bill providing constant reminder of the sacrifices made by We have kept faith, ye Flanders dead, that members of the State house of rep­ many people for the causes for which we con­ Sleep well beneath those poppies red, resentatives voting for the bill would tended during those terrible and yet inspir­ That mark your place. have to assist at executions. The amend­ ing years from the Pilgrim Fathers, through The torch your dying hands did throw ment was defeated. the Vietnam War. Some stones in these We've held it high before the foe, His next political step was to serve towns, villages and cities are not beautiful And answered bitt.er blow for blow, with his mentor, Michigan Gov. Alex J. according to the standards of the best artists. In Flander's fields. Some stones even offend the taste of intelli­ Grosbeck, a three-term Governor. Welsh gent people. But every stone placed in park And where your heroe's blood was spilled, served one term as his Lieutenant Gov­ or public place for the purpose of memorial­ The guns are now forever stilled ernor. izing those who made sacrifices for their And silent grown. He was speaker of the Michigan House country has a beauty all its own and is espe­ There is no moaning of the slain, of Representatives in 1~23. In 1929 he cially precious to the people whose loved ones There is no cry of tortured pain, was defeated in the Republican primary are remembered there, as with these Gold And blood will never flow again for Governor by Fred Greene. Star Parents. In Flander's fields. He was chosen as city manager of Can anyone looking upon such a stone but Forever holy in our sight Grand Rapids in 1929. His first official be reminded of the words of Jesus in John Shall be those crosses gleaming white, 15: 13-"Greater love has no man than this, That guard your sleep. act was to decline his $12,000 a year sal­ that a man lay down his life for his friends." Rest you in peace, the task ls done, ary. He accepted $1 per year. And Jesus did just this f01' us. The fight you left us we have won, In 1932 he resigned and again ran for No matter how we may look upon war­ And "Peace on Earth" has just begun Governor on the Republican ticket. After the great causes served and, at the same time, In Flander's now. his loss he switched parties and stumped the evils involved in the execution of war­ the State for the election of Franklin D. there is this fact: those who died have given But her message was premature. The Sec­ their lives for the sake of others. So we see ond World War was scarcely over when signs Roosevelt. in our memorial stones the deeds of sacrifice, of unrest, and rumbles of war were heard He was elected mayor of Grand Rapids the ideals of those who died, and the causes again, around the world. Both World Wars in 1932 and served a record six terms. for which they gave their lives, though these had not solved the greed, the lust, the ha­ He resigned in 1949 prior to a recall ef­ causes may not have been clearly defined in treds, the aggressiveness in the hearts of fort. During his terms in office he proved the minds of those who died, or even fought. peoples in other nations. Hence, I wrote a re­ to be a popular mayor. He provided good sponse to Edna Jacques in 1947. It is an in­ WAR IS AN AWFUL THING dictment on us all for not striving hard copy for reporters. He was never at a The inhumanities of war are beyond enough for peace. loss for vigorous opinion on any issue. description. Certainly someday the people of In 1950 he again tried for the mayor's the world will look upon the waging of war LOST FAITH seat but lost. Welsh returned to city hall as the greatest of evils. Nevertheless, those (By Lionel R. Discoll, in answer to officially for the last time in 1954 as city who have fought and died for the sake of "In Flander's Now") manager. great causes are to be remembered for their You have lost faith, ye Flander's dead sacrifices and honored for their service. In­ No sleep for you in a bomb-torn bed In George Welsh's passing the Grand deed, they have given the last full measure of That marks your place. Rapid Valley region has lost a vigorous devotion. The torch your dying hands did throw advocate of the people and a colorful We thrill once again at the words of Presi­ We failed to catch and then the foe enterprising citizen. dent Woodrow Wilson who said of the· men Rose up again to deal a blow serving in World War I: "The soldiers at the In Flander's Fields. front ... they are crusaders ... are giving THE MEANING OF OUR MEMORIALS their lives, that homes everywhere ••• may And where once your heroes blood was spilled be kept sacred and safe and men everywhere The guns of battle again are stilled be free as they insist upon being free." In And silence reigns. similar vein, President Franklin Roosevelt Still we hear the moaning of the slain HON. RONALD A. SARASIN stated at the beginning of World War II: "We Still we hear the cry of torture and pain OF CONNECTICUT are fighting today for security, for progress, And soldiers' blood has flown again In Flanders' fields. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and for peace, not only for ourselves but also for all men, not only for one generation but On battlefields beyond our sight Tuesday, July 2, 1974 also for all generations. We are fighting to Are miles of crosses gleaming white Mr. SARASIN. Mr. Speaker, on May 26, cleanse the world of ancient evils, ancient And you shall not sleep. a Memorial Day Sunday service for the ills." You have no peace though this war is done Veterans of Foreign Wars and the Gold Unfortunately, the ideals of both these The peace you died for has not been won Star Mothers was held at the United men have not been fulfilled-because, we as Because we failed what you had begun citizens, and we as leaders, and our legisla­ In Flanders Fields. Methodist Church of Waterbury, Conn., tors fail to fulfill the promises made in the with the Reverend Lionel R. Driscoll pre­ peace talks that were made. The U.S. Con­ Not only do the heads of government state siding. I regret· having not been able to gress fouled up and failed the League of Na­ the causes for which citizens and soldiers of attend this special ceremony, which in- tions, the U.S. Congress has really not pushed the nations are giving their lives. The men 22196 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July S, 1974 who write history also recognize the funda­ They heard our voice, and clave the angry who have no hope. We rejoice 1n the assur­ mental causes involved in the conflicts of wa.r sky. ance of immortality through Him who lived and state them clearly. Such an historian How crowded ls the Heavenly House of Light and died and rose again to be our living Sa­ was Professor Carl L. Becker of the history With those who marched-for us-into the viour and Lord. So we must make the sacri­ department of Cornell University, who said night. fices of our loved ones just as meaningful, of World War II: "The European countries by taking the torch and holding it high. And God himself weeps when we weep, and know they were fighting for their national OUR DEDICATION TO SERVICE existence and their political freedom, a.nd mourns when we mourn. I like the story of for something more fundamental even than the little English child who had trouble Our memorial services are not complete these-the elemental decencies of any civi­ going to sleep after hearing the falling until we, too, dedicate ourselves to the causes lized living." bombs, and then the radio list of casualties for which those we honor gave their lives. after each nightly raid. "Mother," she said Decorating graves of heroes a.nd loved ones All over Europe and the Pacific Islands has the value of reverence and respect for the eVidences of destruction are still seen mournfully, "I think that God must have cried Himself to sleep last night." The great them and their deeds, but, unless we give after almost 30 years after the cessation of something of ourselves for the causes to hostilities. The skeletons of some buildings preacher and teacher of Boston University ,wrote a poem to this effect: which they gave themselves, they will have and their ashes are left as grim reminders died in vain-as in the poem I wrote, "Lost and memorials of the stark and gruesome GOD CRIED HIMSELF TO SLEEP LAST NIGHT Faith". tragedies and sufferings of war. But, as we (By William L. Stidger) We are reminded of the words of Edward look at this destruction, the words of a God cried Himself to sleep last night; Benes of Czechoslavakia, who said of the fall London physician spoken during the war­ His heart was pierced with pain. of the democracies of Europe before the on­ years come to mind: "It takes all our time He saw ten thousand sons of His slaught of the totalitarian Communist re­ to keep ourselves fit to live and perhaps to On cruel crosses slain. gimes: "Unpreparedness, lack of courage, die for something more glorious than life". moral weakness, and calculating egoism, com­ So our memorials remind us of the ca.uses He saw them die in foxholes, and bined with a lack of solidarity and unreadi­ which those who died sought to serve from on submarine and planes; ness to help one another, produced impo­ the battles of the French and Indian Wars He felt their hungers and their fears, tence and a certain Willingness of the Euro­ through Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and 0 Their loneliness and pains. pean democracies to defend themselves and God, where next? He knew each hurt and heartache, and their friends by force of arms against the ex­ THE SPmrr OF SACRIFICE He heard each piercing groan; pansionism of the totalitarian regimes". Cha.plain Dominic Ternan served the He felt each wound when terror struck This is true also in Southeast Asia--and American forces in World War II, and was As if it were His own. our intervention in Korea, South Vietnam, typical of the Chaplain's Corps. As he knelt Laos, Cambodia. Well, the tasks before us He wept with every woman who today are clear and challenging. The battle beside a wounded man shielding his body Was left in loneliness; with his own, and while he answered the for the freedom of the West against the He heard each sigh of suffering, totalitarian communism of the Soviet and wounded man's request for prayer, a shrap­ Each sob of hurt distress. nel burst riddled his body, and he died with Chinese governments is ever with us. It is the prayer for the man on his lips. This is He saw a small child weeping, all more than a battle for Berlin, or Viet Nam no unusual case of bravery or sacrifice in Bewildered and alone or any of the satellite countries in Europe the line of duty, there being thousands of Where bombs of desolation had and Asia. It is the battle for the minds of such reports, but it does illustrate the spirit Their seeds of sorrow sown. men. And this battle will not be won by of those who fought and died that others force of arms or bombs, though that may be He trudged a trackless jungle, and a deterrent force; it will be won by out­ might live in freedom and security. Across dead desert sands; A family from one of my former churches thinking and out-living and out-dying the He climbed an ice-bound mountain peak advocates of totalitarian forms of govern­ sent their teen-age son off to war. He became And reached out holy hands. a member of a bomber crew iand was on a ment wherever they may be. mission over Germany when his ship was He saw the tears of all the world, The great conflict of the future as well as struck by fiak and he was killed instantly. The bitterness and pain, the present is one for the minds and souls What does a pastor say to the bereaved family And la.id Himself, upon a cross of men and women, and particularly young in such a case? The cause if forgotten, the To die for us a.gain. people, in Europe, Asia, Africa. This demands spirit of sacrifice seems of little importance He felt a crown of thorns once more, sacrifice on the part of Americans and compared to the loss of a son. A few years A spear thrust in His side, Christians in order to take ~he Gospel of Christ in teaching, preaching, and compas­ later a second son of that family was killed Spikes in His feet, nails in His hands in his jet over Korea. I went back for the As when His own Son died. sion to these people. Russia and China. are funeral. How does one comfort a. family in ready-and are-making sacrifices to fasten such sorrow? The sturdy Christian father God cried Himself to sleep la.st night; their idealogies upon the great areas of the says, with all the compassion and tender­ He sees much more than we; world that are now demanding freedom and ness .of bis heart: (as pi·obably did these Gold He saw ten thousand lonely hills; a new way of life. And if America does not Each hill a Calvary. Star parents) "If the sacrifice of my sons has give it to them, Russia and China will, and served to bring peace a little nearer to man­ THE CHRISTIAN HOPE our sacrifices will have been in vain. kind, then it has not been in vain." He knew But we who a.re Christian do not stop Our memorial stones cry out t.o us to of Jesus words--"Greater love has no mian with the night. We march on into the dawn dedicate ourselves to the causes of freedom than this, that a man lay down his life for of a new life with Christ. For, if Christ lives, and education, justice and democracy for all his friends." then, too, we who are Christ's will live with the peoples of the world. The mother of a fiying ace journeyed to Him. This is our Christian faith and hope, How shall we honor them, our Deathless England during the war years to attend the which we recited a few moments ago. Dead? wedding of her son. On the morning of the The death of Jesus had little meaning for With strew of laurel and the stately tread? wedding, fiying with his squadron, the son the Disciples until they knew that He had With blaze of banners brightening overhead? was killed. Said the mother later to a friend: conquered death and was alive. We Chris­ Nay, not alone these cheaper pr.aises brlng; "He loved his country, He loved his home, he tians have something more than a memory They will not have this easy honoring? of loved ones sacrificed for the cause of loved the girl he would have married that How shall we honor them, our Deathless day. He loved freedom and he believed that truth, righteousness, peace and justice. We have the assurance that even as Christ over­ Dead? he was giving his life that the world might How keep their mighty memories alive? have the freedoms he loved". cazne the death of the grave, so those who die ln Christian faith will be victorious over In Him who feels their passion, they survive! As we look at our memorial stones and death also. Flatter their souls with Deeds, and all is hold our services of decoration by placing Christ's death is meaningless unless we said! wreaths of decoration at the graves of our Author unknown. loved one, and form our parades on the accept His sacrifice, and become living Chris­ streets, we are reminded of the spirit of thelr tians. Our loved ones' death in war becomes We are all familiar with the Book "For sacrifices. meaningless, unless we see that the causes, Whom the Bell Tolls". The only way to keep for which they died, are not in vain. Unless the funeral bell from tolling again and again Someone whose name I cannot recall put we put a stop to war, they did die in vain, in wars is to take up the unfinished quarrel it in these words: and they shall not sleep in Flanders fields, with the real foes of ignorance, poverty, prej­ We sent them forth, they did not ask us why; in Iwo Jima, in the Phillipines, etc. udice-for as the author of the book said: As we look at our memorial stones we hear "Any man's death diminishes me, because But on they went-in tears we saw them go. the words of Jesus: "I am the resurrection I am involved in mankind. And therefore Across the seas they sped and took their and the life: he that believes in me though never ask for whom the bell tolls, it tolls stand, he were dead, yet shall he live and he that for thee." While we, 1n our own safe and sheltered land, lives and believes 1n me shall never dle." When our children ask-"What meaneth Bade them be strong to grapple with the foe; (John 11 :25-26) So we do not sorrow a.s they these stones" we tell them-but what? July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22197 THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS: of the Continental Congress show a record of lion in bills of credit to start paying for WHITE moN ON THE ANVIL OF military service which has probably never things. been bettered by any other parliament of DEMOCRACY history. Of the 342 men elected during the One of their major achievements was fifteen years, 134 bore arms in either the the creation of an American Army, which HON. WILLIAM G. BRAY militia or the Continental army. One was is now, as of this year, in its 200th year killed in action, twelve seriously wounded, of existence; June 14, 1775, was the real OF INDIANA and twenty-three taken prisoners in combat. "birthday" of the Army. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES When it is recalled that a majority of the The language, taken directly from the delegates had passed the age of 40, the valor Journals, is interesting: Tuesday, July 2, 1974 of Congress needs no apologies . . . Resolved, That six companies of expert Mr. BRAY. Mr. Speaker, on July 24, John Richard Alden, in his "The riflemen, be immediately raised in Pennsyl­ 1775, John Adams wrote to his wife, vania, two in Maryland, and two in Virginia, Abigail: American Revolution," also has a kind view: that each company consist of a captain, three The Business I hav~ had upon my Mind lieutenants, four sergeants, four corporals, a has been as great and important as can be The Congress declared the independence drummer or trumpeter, and sixty-eight intrusted to One Man, and the Difficulty of the United States; appointed the com­ privates. and Intricacy of it ls prodigious. When 50 mander in chief and higher officers of the That each company, as soon as completed, or 60 men have a Constitution to form for a Continental army; established the American march and join the army nearest to Boston, great Empire, at the same time that they navy and the marine corps; formed a diplo­ to be there employed as light-infantry, un­ have a Country of fifteen hundred miles ex­ matic service; negotiated treaties with Euro­ der the command of the chief officer in that tent to fortify, Millions to arm and train, pean nations and Indian tribes; organized army. a Naval Power to begin, and extensive Com­ a postal service; issued currency; and bor­ That the pay of the officers and privates be merce to regulate, numerous tribes of In­ rowed money . . . Too much has been said, as follows, viz. a captain 20 dollars per dians to negotiate with, a standing Army perhaps, regarding the failures of the Con­ month; a lieutenant thirteen dollars and one­ of Twenty seven Thousand men to raise, gress. It was created in emergency, endowed thlrd of a dollar per month; a sergeant eight with uncertain authority, and plagued by dollars per month; a corporal seven dollars pay, victual and officer, I shall really pity rapid changes in personnel . . . But their those 50 or 60 men ... and one-third of a dollar per month; a record, when the difficulties to be faced are drummer or trumpeter the same; privates six John Adams was talking about the taken into account, is splendid rather than dollars and two-thirds of a dollar per month; Continental Congress. Indeed, there was dismal ... if the deeds of the Continental to find their own arms and clothes. officers and men have not been excessively That the form of the enlistment be in the reason for pity. The fact that a man praised, too little credit has usually been served in it at all almost automatically following words: given to the faithful in the Congress who I ------have, this day, volun­ made him a candidate for the gallows. struggled in adversity ... There was extreme personal sacrifice on tarily enlisted myself, as a soldier, in the Briefly, from an historical standpoint: American continental army, for one year, up­ the part of every single one. Before the less sooner discharged: And I do bind myself Revolutionary War itself was over, better The first Continent.al Congress assem­ to conform, in all instances, to such rules and than half had had their property looted bled for the first time at Carpenter's regulations, as are, or shall be, established for or destroyed; some had been imprisoned, Hall, in Philadelphia, on September 5, the government of the said army. or driven into hiding, and even their 1774; 12 colonies sent a total of 55 men­ Upon motion, Resolved, That a committee families had been persecuted. Georgia did not. Each delegation was of five be appointed to prepare rules and There were really two Continental given one vote, and in a series of decla­ regulations for the Government of the army. rations, this first Congress condemned The following persons were chosen to com­ Congresses. The first met at Philadel­ pose that committee: Mr. Washington, Mr. phia in Septemb'er and October 1774. The the Intolerable Acts, the Quebec Act, the Schuyler, Mr. Deane, Mr. Cushing, and Mr. second convened also in Philadelphia, on revenue measures imposed by the Crown Hewes. May 25, 1775, elected the same officers since 1763, extension of the Admiralty Courts, the dissolution of colonial assem­ Bunker Hill was fought on June 17, and, strictly speaking, did not go out of 1775, and Congress adopted what came existence until March 4, 1789, when the blies, and the peacetime stationing of regular soldiers in colonial towns, which to be known as the Olive Branch Peti­ new Government came in under the tion, to the King, that said, in effect, Constitution. had been a constant sore point. They took up 13 parliamentary -acts things could be, or should be, worked The lack of some form of central gov­ passed in England since 1763, declared out without warfare. Lord North's plan erning body was probably the greatest each and every one of them unconstitu­ for reconciliation was rejected-it would weakness when the Revolutionary War tional, and pledged to uphold economic have left the Colonies much as before. broke out. Now, there was no lack of sanctions against England until the acts They named commissioners to work out trained politicians in the Colonies, since were repealed. Then 10 resolutions set peace with the Indians-no small mat­ there had been long traditions of local out the rights of the colonies, as they ter, this; the Congress had no taste at government. But there was jealousy and saw them. On October 20, they signed all for fighting the British on one side dissent among the Colonies, and his­ the Continental Association, and put to­ while potentially hostile Indian tribes torians say today that one of the great might join the British and come ag'ainst surprises of the entire era was the gether addresses to the King himself, to the British people, and to the American them from the other. A Postal Depart­ Americans' ability to unite politically. people. Agreeing to meet again on May ment was set up, and Benjamin Franklin But back to the men themselves. It 10, 1775, if their petitions were ignored named to head it. On August 2, 1775, is true that they changed meeting places and their grievances not righted, they they adjourned. often; this has been derided by some his­ adjourned on October 26. Back again on September 12, 1775; this torians as evidence of cowardice and in­ When they met again it was at the time Georgia was included. The Congress decision. However, consider Lynn Mon­ State House-later Independence Hall­ learned on November 9 that George III tross' observation in his "The Reluctant in Philadelphia. Georgia still did not had proclaimed the Colonies to be in a Rebels": send an official representative, but in state of revolt-so much for the Olive It would scarcely be a cynicism to add quick order the Congress-and this one, Branch Petition. They responded, trying that one of the foremost functions of any strictly speaking, was the second Conti­ again, with a declaration of allegiance parliament is its usefulness as a scapegoat in time of disaster. The Continental Con­ nental Congress: resolved the Colonies to King George, but not to Parliament. gress of this crisis (Dec. '76, when they left should go into a state of military alert; A Navy was authorized, and on No­ for Baltimore) has been handled roughly not asked the Canadians to join the Revolu­ vember 29 they set up the Committee of only by historians of the nineteenth century tion; passed a resolution to raise com­ Secret Correspondence, which turned but also some debunkers of the twentieth panies of riflemen in Pennsylvania, into the State Department. There was ... Congress, as the collective vlllian is cast Maryland, and Virginia to support the the Declaration of Independence on as a group of scared civilians fleeing to Bal­ Army around Boston; set up a commit­ timore to save their own skins. In their pan­ July 4, 1776; and they moved to work ic the delegates leave the whole burden to tee to make rules for the Continental for treaties with potentially friendly Washington ... The question of withdrawing Army; named George Washington Com­ European countries. from the imperiled city was of course de­ mander in Chief; approved a general Year 1776 was not exactly an encour­ cided by broader considerations than those plan for the Army; elected four major aging year. The Army had succeeded at of personal safety. But if the courage of the generals, eight brigadier generals, and Charlestown and Boston, but failed in delegates is to be questioned, the statistics one adjutant general; and voted $2 mil- Canada and at Long Island. The New 22198 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 York campaign was going badly, and on land office in Kentucky, which was in­ 1787, by a vote of eight States that only December 12, Congress had to pack up stantly swamped by speculators and had 18 members; however, Morison and head for safety in Baltimore since would-be settlers. Congress saw a pos­ again: the New Jersey campaign was proving sibility, and became quite eager to carry No more important enactment was ever a threat to Philadelphia. Washington it out, to get control of all the West made by the Confederation. The Northwest was given "dictatorial powers" during north of the Ohio-it never had any Ordinance laid fundamental principles of the this crisis. There was some nervous jok­ chance to get anything south of the American colonial system which have been Ohio-sell the land, and put something followed even through the admission of ing that 1777 was shaping up to be the Alaska and Hawaii . • . Thus the main lines "Year of the Hanginan." into the very empty treasury of the Con­ of Federal land and territorial policy were Henry Fite's three-story brick house federation. adopted by the Congress of the Confedera­ in Baltimore served as a meetingplace It began to work. In 1784 Congress tion before the Federal Constitution was fot around 25 members in the early part adopted Virginia's offer to cede that adopted. These were: the principle of future of 1777. They went back to Philadelphia State's land claims north of the Ohio; statehood after an intermediary stage as a on March 4. The Committee of Secret the only strings were reserves for vet­ partly self-governing territory, and division erans. Massachusetts and Connecticut into six-mile-square townships and one­ Correspondence was changed to the Com­ mile-square sections, reserving a portion for mittee on Foreign Affairs; the :flag reso­ followed 2 years later. education ... lution-creating the Stars and Stripes­ This gave the Continental Congress a was passed, but on September 19, they brand-new and mammoth responsibility. At the time, Philip Freneau wrote, in had to leave Philadelphia again, as the In fact, historians say this responsibility his poem "On the Emigration to Ameli­ British General Howe was proving a real was the only thing that kept the Con­ ca and Peopling the Western Country": threat to the city. First they went to Lan­ federation from falling apart. Congress, Far brighter scenes a future age. caster, then to York. Then came the ter­ in 1783-84, had reached the depths. It The muse predicts, these States will hail, rible winter of Valley Forge, the low moved all over the country; run out of Whose genius may the world engage, Philadelphia when 300 soldiers mutinied, Whose deeds may over death prevail, point, probably, of the entire American And happier systems bring to view, Revolution. it went to Princeton in June 1783, An­ Than all the eastern 'Sages knew. On November 15, 1777, they adopted napolis in November, Trenton in 1784, the Articles of Confederation. After the and a year after that to New York, where William Ewart Gladstone, Prime Min­ Declaration of Independence, it had be­ it stayed until the Confederation was a ister of Great Britain, made two remarks c0me more and more evident that thing of the past. However, to quote the about it. The first appeared in an article minor-relatively-jealousies among the eminent American historian. Samuel called "Kin Beyond the Sea," which Colonies had to be submerged for an ef­ Eliot Morison: appeared in the North American Review, fective organization of the entire country. During this period Congress passed a series September 1878: The whole job took a year and a half; of ordinances which set the pattern of fed­ As the British Constitution is the most it was difficult, and marked by much hot eral land and colonial policies for over a subtle organism which has proceeded from argument. Not until March 1, 1781, was century. progressive history, so the American Con­ final ratification of the Articles made by stitution is the most wonderful work ever It had really begun in 1780; Congress struck off at a given time by the brain and Maryland and, from then on, the Conti­ adopted the principle that any land purpose of man. nental Congress was really for the first given to the Confederation would "be time on a constitutional basis. settled and formed into distinct Repub­ Then, in a letter to the committee in The Articles had many defects and no lican States, which shall become mem­ charge of the celebration of the Centen­ one knew that better than the very per­ bers of the Federal Union." nial Anniversary of the American Con­ sons who drew them up. There was no In 1784, Jefferson drafted the Terri­ stitution, July 20, 1887: provision to support the central govern­ torial Ordinance that provided for U.S. I have always regarded that Constitution ment other than by contributions from territory to be divided into 10 rectan­ as the most remarkable work known to me the States, when Congress would so ask. gular territories, each of which would in modern times to have been produced by Unanimous consent of any amendment get territorial government as soon as it the human intellect, at a single stroke (so to speak), in its application to political from all the States was required-and had 20,000 persons, and full statehood affairs. each State had one vote; a concession to when population was equal to that of the the smaller that feared the larger ones­ smallest of the original Thirteen The Constitution of the United and every attempt to amend the Articles Colonies. States-the last work of the Continental was defeated by a single State. On May 20, 1785, Congress set up how Congress. Lynn Montross, in his book During the remaining years of the war, the land was to be disposed of. Taking "The Reluctant Rebels": Congress wrestled with financial trou­ a leaf from the New England system, The Constitution is even more truly the bles, and fretted over military disasters that is, rectangular survey before it was product of the Continental Congress because in the southern theater until they finally sold, the land was cut into townships, 6 it was hammered out of the hard metal -0f let Washington pick a general to com­ miles square, each of which had 36 sec­ theory tempered by practice. All the makers, 640 with but a few minor exceptions, had had mand. There were British raids in Vir­ tions of acres, 1 mile square. Section from two to ten years' experience in the Con­ ginia; Benedict Arnold's treason; there 16 in each township was to be reserved tinental Congress. They did not have to was mutiny in the Pennsylvania regi­ for maintaining public schools. After guess at the probable workings of the provi­ ments and, of course, after Yorktown, surveying, the land had to be sold by sions they wrote into the Constitution. They peace negotiations. There was not much public auction. knew the answers as nearly as men could in the way of military operations after Then, in 1787, came one of the rela­ learn from the hopes, dreams, successes and Cornwallis surrendered on October 19, tiveiy little known yet most important failures of an assembly trying to function as 1781, at Yorktown, but it was almost 2 acts of the entire Continental Congress. a central government without adequate years until the peace treaty was con­ Congress needed money. Land specu­ powers.... cluded. lators were ready to help out. There was True, it was not done by the Conti­ It is easy enough to think of the Con­ a big new land company, Ohio Co., that nental Congress as such; it was done by tinental Congress as passing out of exist­ entered the picture and told Congress it Convention. But it sprang from the Con­ ence as soon as the war was over, and would buy 1,500,000 acres for $1,500,000 gress. It came from the men who had peace was signed, but, as mentioned ear­ in Continental currency. served in the Congress. lier, it stayed in existence until the new At that time absenteeism-due to the Probably some of the most moving and Government, under the Constitution, low standing of Congress-meant a prophetic words ever spoken in the came into effect in March 1789. We also quorum for business was not very often annals of American political history were tend to think of it as being primarily present, but the smell of more money those of Benjamin Franklin, the closing occupied with the war. Indeed, it was, drew enough of them together, early in words of the Constitutional Convention, but, when the war ended, there were July 1787, to make a quorum of eight which were recorded by James Madison: grave and pressing problems. What to do States. Whilst the last members were signing it with the new country? The Ohio Co. wanted-and Congress Doctor Franklin looking toward the Presi­ Even before the war ended, westward drafted and approved-what came to be dent's Chair, at the back o! which a rising expansion had begun. This really first known as the Territorial, or Northwest, sun happened to be painted, observed to a began in 1780, when Virginia set up a Ordinance of 1787. It passed July 13, few members near him, that Painters had July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22199 found it difficult to distinguish in their art ready granted nontaxable. This is only was 24.9. In 1972-in the absence of capital a rising from a setting sun. "I have," said he, fair because all those students who en­ punishment and nine years after the last "often and often in the course of the Session, tered in good faith agreements with the execution had been carried out in the state­ and the vicissitudes of my hopes and fears as the homicide rate had declined. to 16.8 per to it s issue, looked at that behind the Pres­ Government should expect that those 100,000 population. Similarly, it can be ident without being able to tell whether it agreements will be honored. shown that in states with the death penalty, was rising or setting: But now at length I This legislation, I understand, has re­ the mean homicide rate between the years have the happiness to know that it is a rising ceived support from a number of national 1934 and 1967 (the year of the last execu­ and not a setting Sun." health and education associations and tion in the nation) was 5.7 per 100,000 popu­ from more than 60 colleges in 27 States. lation. In states which did not have capital Thirty-eight delegates came to the I urge my colleagues in the House to give punishments, the mean homicide rate for Constitutional Convention. All but two this matter careful .consideration and to the same period was 2.3, or less than half had served in the Continental Congress lend their support to this effort. the average of t he death penalty states. before 1787. After ratification of the Con­ Reinstitution of the death penalty in stitution, no less than 13 of these 38 came South Carolina would not-in my opinion, and in the view of the above st ated infor­ back to the first U.S. Congress, and so GOVERNOR WEST VETOES mation-serve as a deterrent to crime, but many other former Members of the Con­ CAPITAL PUNISHMENT would rather be a return to a barbaric, savage tinental Congress were elected that they concept of vengeance which should not be controlled both House and Senate. accepted, condoned or permitted in a civi­ It was continuity. They carried on HON. WM. JENNINGS BRYAN DORN lized society. what they had begun. OF SOUTH CAROLINA Therefore, I veto S. 270. White iron on the anvil of democracy, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forged into a new country, the greatest power the world has ever known, the Wednesday, July 3, 1974 LITHUANIA-34TH ANNIVERSARY oldest Republic in the world-other than Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, ffi>v. John OF ANNEXATION Switzerland-that has existed and en­ Carl West exhibited great courage and dured. conviction in the veto of the capital pun­ HON. RICHARD F. VANDERVEEN And will exist and endure. ishment bill in South Carolina. Governor OF MICHIGAN West exercised his conscience and dem­ onstrated his courage. Governor West IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES H.R. 14392-A BilL TO MAKE STU­ has exhibited his dedicated Christian Wednesday, July 3, 1974 DENT LOANS NONTAXABLE concept of human relations and his be­ Mr.VANDERVEEN. Mr. Speaker, on liefs in a very commendable manner. I June 15, Lithuanians throughout the HON. WILMER MIZELL am proud of him as Governor and it free world commemorated the forcible gives me a great sense of personal pleas­ annexation of Lithuania by the Soviet OF NORTH CAROLINA ure to commend Governor West's superb Union in 1940. Many of my colleagues, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES stat~ment on his veto of capital punish­ as well as all freedom-loving Americans, Wednesday, July 3, 1974 ment to my colleagues in the Congress: joined them in remembering that sad Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, we hear STATEMENT OF GOVERNOR WEST day 34 years ago when Lithuania's Mr. President and Members of the Senate: unique political and cultural institutions much today about mistrust and lack of I respectfully and regretfully return to faith in government. I feel that much were buried under Soviet domination. your Honorable Body without my approval Free people hold national self-determi­ criticism of our Nation and ffi>vemment s. 270. is not justified, but occasionally, a Fed­ It has been a matter of satisfaction and nation, as well as religious and political eral agency will take action which makes pride that during the four legislative sessions freedom, to be basic human rights and one wonder if the right hand of the Fed- in which I have served as your Governor, I denounce any nation which ruthlessly . eral ffi>vernment knows what the left have not vetoed a single act passed by you violates those rights. hand is doing. except those held to be unconstitutional by My purpose, however, is not to ver­ We are all familiar with student loans a written opinion of the Attorney General. bally chastise the Soviet Union for past I had hoped to be able to complete my term actions but to suggest ways in which the which have a forgiveness repayment pro­ with that record unbroken. Unfortunately, vision under whi{:h students can work S. 270, dealing as it does with the subject of United States, in light of its historically out their indebtedness by serving in areas life and death, requires me, regretfully, to de­ demonstrable concern for the oppressed where their services are badly needed. part from that precedent. peoples of the world, might come to the This approach to educational assistance As a. matter of personal conviction I can­ aid of the Lithuanian people in alleviat­ has been helpful to rural and urban area'S not accept the premise that man can end a. ing certain present conditions which I in providing doctors, nurses, social work­ life that God has created. I recognize, of find unacceptable. Surely, detente and course, that Society has not only a right, but the Soviet desire for most favored na­ ers, and so on, where there is a shortage -a duty, to protect its members from h-arm of such people. by individuals who violate the principles of tion status provide us with the best op­ Many students have taken advantage law developed over the centuries as a. part portunity since the annexation in 194-0 of this opportunity, and both they and of our Hebraic-Christian heritage. Whether to influence the conditions under which the Nation have benefited. It is, there­ or not a necessary part of that protection the Lithuanian people are foreed to live. fore, unfortunate that the ms has ruled inv-0lves punishment of the offender to the In our present negotiations with the that all these loans, retroactive to 1970, extent of taking hls life is the issue raised Soviet Union, we have something they bys. 210. want-trade in technology, :financing, are taxable income. Since 1954 these Punishment of offenders induding whip­ loans were not considered taxable, and pings, public torture, the ra-0k and the screw, and commodities-and they have .some­ students entered into these agreements in have all been a part of man's attempt to thing we want-guarantees of basic hu­ good faith that the Government would regulate and deter criminal behavior over man rights, such as increased civil lib­ stand behind its commitments regarding the course of history. erties for the Lithuanian people. This, in these loans. The ms action, which has Today, none of these punishments exists my estimation, represents a classic at­ resulted in thousands in my State of in any civiltzed country of the world. All mosphere in which fruitful negotiations North Carolina receiving notice of taxes have been discarded because they failed to might take place. Detente to this date accomplish their objectives. Man's a.ccumu­ due on these loans, is lamentable and lated wisdom gained :from centuries of hu- had been a relatively one-sided phenom­ certainly tends to lend credence to accu­ . man experience today rightly rejects physi­ enon characterized by fiascos llke the sations of Government irresponsibility cal torture aB either a proper punishment or wheat deal. I feel that pressing for guar­ and lack of concern for individual citi­ an effective deterrent. antees would represent not an unreason­ zens. Regard.less of the means employed, the able attempt to impose our values on the It is for these reasons that I have ultimate in physical punishment is, 1n my Soviets, as some might suggest, but joined in cosponsoring H.R. 14392, intro­ judgment, execution of a. human being. On rather a much-needed balancing of a duced by my distinguished colleague and the basis of all of the evidence available, it one-sided trading relationship. The As­ is clear th-at executions do not -serve as a friend from North carolina, Representa­ deterrent to capital offenses. In the year sociation of Young Lithuanian Amer­ tive ID: ANDREWS. This legislation would 1934--at a time when South Carolina had a icans has provided me with a list of very make loans given after the date of enact­ death penalty and was executing o:ffenders­ reasonable demands dealing with the ment taxable, but would leave loans al- the state's homicide rate per 100,000 persons Lithuanian situation which I feel would CXX--1400-Part 17 22200 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 make fine points for discussion in trade [From the Washington Star-News, May 31, There is, to be sure, plenty of excellent negotiations with the Russians. 1974] sculpture in the show-though the average They include: First, lowering of ex­ A KALEIDOSCOPIC SHOWING OF LOVE OF AFRICA in quality is perhaps not as high as in the cessive tariffs imPosed on gifts to rela­ AND ITS PEOPLE present exhibit of African art at the Na­ (By Benjamin Forgey) tional Gallery of Art. The wall full of ante­ tives and friends residing in the Baltic lope headdresses of the Bambara tribe of States; second, increasing the current "Africa is the most beautiful place,'' the Mali, for instance, is enough by itself to make late Eliot Elisofon often said. "Africans, the one a lover of African art for life. 5-day tourist visa to a more reasonable most beautiful people." limit; third, eliminating unreasonable These pieces are called Chi Wara-Chi, for Few Westerners ever did more to convey animal, and Wara, for work-a name given travel restrictions on tourists to Lithu­ impressions of the physical and moral beau­ ania; fourth, provisions for Lithuanians by the Bambara to a mythical ancestor of ties of African culture to a wider audience the tribe, half animal, half man, who dis­ to emigrate, and fifth, freedom for the than did Elisofon in his 30-year career as a covered agriculture and thus probably pro­ seaman Sinius Kudirka, who was denied photographer, film-maker, writer and col­ vided the bridge for the tribe to cross in its political asylum by the United States. lector. transition from nomadic to settled existence. Progress on these five points would con­ Few exhibitions have been better designed The Chi Wara headdresses are among the to show the breadth of African culture than more striking creations in all of African art, stitute a significant first step in helping the one that will open at the Museum of the Lithuanians regain a measure of the and viewing an entire wall of them can be a African Art. lesson in the virtuosity of the tribal carver. freedoms lost in 1940. The exhibit is a memorial tribute to Elis­ The elegant carvings of antelope horns are ofon, a founding trustee of the museum deployed in a variety of ways, vertical or who died last year at age 61, and it consists horizontal, with or without fretwork, but almost entirely of his works-films, photo­ never is the fundamental rhythmic harmony RECEPTION AT THE MUSEUM OF graphs, writings-and art works that he col­ of the work violated. Facial characteristics, AFRICAN ART lected. head shape, the shape of the body, the pos­ Elisofon bequeathed to the museum his ture of the body, and the long line of the collection of some 600 pieces of African sculp­ norns are beautiful unities in piece after ture and the photographic archives of hiS piece. They must be absolutely incredible HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. remarkable career, consisting of almost when danced, as, indeed, an Elisofon photo OF MICHIGAN 100,000 items. Though the sculpture dona­ mural of the Chi Wara ceremony suggests. tion is by no means negligible, the archives IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Aesthetic appreciation has long been the is the heart and soul of the bequest, and the principal avenue of understanding for West­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 exhibit quite properly gives large play to the erners seeking to unlock the mysteries of photographs in the form of black-and-white Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, the Mu­ African art. The other part-to appreciate photo murals, large color prints, slide shows and understand the expressive unities of seum of African Art, located within two and a specially made slide presentation with African art-is more difficult and in the end blocks of the Capitol, now has on exhibit sound and music entitled "Tribute to Africa, more rewarding. a collection of traditional African sculp­ The Imagery of Eliot Elisofon." It is thus a thankful coincidence that ture and color photographs contributed Elisofon's character, as a fond remem­ Washington now has two African exhibitions by the late Eliot Elisofon, one of Amer­ brance in the catalogue by Museum of Afri­ that in their very different ways are designed can Art Director Warren Robbins attests, was to place the art more firmly in its cultural ica's most accomplished photographers, an unusual mixture of adventurousness cinematographers, writers, and art col­ context. The first of course is "African Art in and toughness with sensitivity and tact-a Motion,'' the exhibit currently on view at the lectors. There will be a reception to view blend that doubtless was responsible for National Gallery. The second is this fine trib­ this extraordinary exhibit on Tuesday, many of the unique images he was able to ute to Elisofon, who in his photographs came July 9, at the Museum of African Art, bring back from his many journeys across about as close as any Westerner can to intui­ 318 A Street NE., from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m. the African continent. tively understanding what African art ls all This reception has been arranged espe­ The photographer's first acquaintance about. cially for Members of Congress and their with Africa came during World War II when The Museum of African Art is located at he was covering the Nor~h African campaigns 318 A St. NE, and is open from 11 a.m. to 5 staffs. for Life magazine, and he returned after the p.m. weekdays and 12:30 p.m. to 5 p.m. Born in Manhattan in 1911, Elisofon's war to make an epic trip from Capetown to weekends. interest in the visual arts spanned a 30- Cairo in a battered Army ambulance. T'.aough year career across 2 million miles and his successful career with Time-Life was to ELIOT WAS ALWAYS HAVING THE BEST TIME six continents. As a freelance photog­ take him all over the world in the ensuing OF HIS LIFE years, it was to Africa that he managed to (By Ruth Dean) rapher for leading picture magazines, return, year after year. his accomplishments included photo­ The exhibit communicates the man's in­ "A Picasso before there was a. Picasso,'' graphic essays on Cuba, Puerto Rico, and tense excitement and involvement with the said Zaire Ambassador Makossa Mbeka in Scandinavia. Early in World War II, he continent. Though most great African sculp­ eloquent French. covered the London blitz, and later ac­ ture was produced by tribal carvers in west Indeed, the two terra. cotta primitive fig­ companied the U.S. Armed Forces to central Africa, the some 500 photographic ures from Sierra Leone the ambassador in­ images in this exhibit involve the viewer in spected at the Museum of African Art last North Africa and Hawaii as a photog­ night seemed to have come from the hand rapher correspondent for Life magazine. an immense, kaleidoscopic sweep of the of the great French artist. place, from arid desert to tropical rainforest, After the war, Elisofon traveled to from western bush to eastern grasslands and, But it was great African art like this that Capetown, South Africa, and to Cairo, inspired the French impressionists. most unusual of all in the context of an ex­ Inspired, too, the talents of another great Egypt, then along the coast of Europe to hibit of traditional carving, to the colorful, artist, the late photographer essayist Eliot the Pacific Trust Territory and Fiji. But vital cities of the new Africa. Elisofon, whose prodigious SO-year output of the many lands and peoples that Eliso­ A display of such vitality and variety leaves of almost 100,000 photographic archives of the viewer almost dizzy-the first show of fon captured on film, Africa was the land his African travels and collection of 600 African art I have ever seen in which the pieces of African sculpture, including the he loved most. And it was to Africa that sculpture takes second place to the life of Sierra Leone figures, are the museum's latest he always returned. the land and its peoples. and richest acquisitions. Eliot Elisofon wrote and illustrated a It is, then, a sort of extraordinary trav­ In gratitude for Elisofon's bequest, mu­ elogue of a show, with the art always handy number of books on Africa, among which seum director Warren Robbins gave a recep­ to reaffirm the presence of a culture of as­ tion last night to preview an exhibition of are: "The Sculpture of Africa," "The tounding aesthetic and spiritual resources. the former Life Magazine photographer's Nile," and illustrations for an ABC-TV Though this approach to an African art ex­ work. documentary, "Africa's Animals." The hibit leaves many tantalizing questions un­ It was an evening rich in nostalgia. It exhibit at the Museum of African Art is answered-not the least of which is the na­ brought together the artist's friends who ture of the relationship between contempo­ shuttled down from New York to recall all a fascinating display of the artistic rary African culture, in which the city and the great and little things that make him sensibility of Elisofon and the richness the ma.chine cannot help but play ever-in­ a living memory. Elisofon died last year at of African cultures which captivated his creasing roles, and the traditional culture of age 61. genius. If there are no objections, I would the tribes, which produced one of history's Robbins called it a "commemorative great outpourings of religious art-the end evening to bring Eliot Elisofon back to life like to have entered into the RECORD re­ effect of the show unquestionably is to in­ for ourselves, himself and h1s colleagues, to cent articles in the Washington Star on crease one's enthusiasm and broaden one's show the great range of his work as a photo­ the work of Ellsofon and the exhibit at understanding of Africa in both its contem­ graphic artist and to express the museum's the Museum of African Art: porary and traditional guises. appreciation for his remarkable gift to us." 'July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22201 Robbins said the Elisofon bequest is the service. However, I am pleased that Lew other body, however, appears to expect 10-year-old museum's first major gift. Recent Deschler will finally have the opportunity total capitulation by this body. acquisition of a new building in the museum complex to house the photo archives, Rob­ to enjoy llfe without the pressures of his In any event, I support S. 3705 because bins said, will enable the museum to become most important office. it is necessary to _preserve the educa­ "the nucleus of a new department of higher He has been the Parliamentarian of the tional benefits of a substantial number education, available to the consortium of House of Representatives since 1928. of veterans. At the same time, I hope we universities here." Throughout those years, he has been can reach early agreement on H.R. 12628, Plans include the establishment of a view­ called upon to make many decisions of so that veterans may receive a long-de­ ing room, "like a library," where students grave importance to our Nation. He has layed increase in monthly allowances. may come and sign out a sculpture and study it-"something that has never been done risen to each challenge rendering fair before," said Robbins. With grants from the and wise rulings based on constitutional Kress Foundation and Home Library Asso­ and parliamentary considerations. DINNER FOR MRS. BURLESON ciation, and a "hoped-for" one from the Na­ He has been a willing, dedicated, and IN MEADOW, TEX. tional Endowment for the Humanities, the thoroughly efficient public servant who director said the museum, located at 316- has left his mark on all who have worked 318 A St. NE, hopes "to acquire all the with him. Lew Deschler certainly de­ buildings in the block." serves a time to enjoy the satisfaction of HON. GEORG.E H. MAHON But it was to memories of Elisofon, the OF TEXAS retirement. I know he will always cher­ man, that most of last evening's eloquence IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was directed. ish his work in this Chamber. "Eliot was not willing to organize any­ My wishes for many years of happy Wednesday, July 3, 1974 thing in a small way; it was always on a and fruitful retirement are with Lew Mr. MAHON. Mr. Speaker, on May 3, grand scale and that speaks for his contribu­ Deschler and his family. tion to this museum," said Ralph Graves, 1974, an appreciation dinner was held in former photo editor for Life. Meadow, Tex., in my congressional dis­ Ed. Thompson, former managing editor of trict for Mrs. Lucille Burleson, the Life and now editor of the Smithsonian GI BILL sister-in-law of my distinguished west magazine, said the list of Elisofon anecdotes Texas colleague, OMAR BURLESON, and a is endless, but each illustrates "Eliot was longtime friend of the gentleman from always having the best time of his life." California, BERNIE SISK, who has made a The former Life colleagues recalled they HON. JOHN P. HAMMERSCHMIDT were no match for Elisofon's gustatory OF ARKANSAS distinguished record as a Member of Con­ habits. "He was a gourmand; he'd eat any­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gress from that State. Mr. SISK formerly lived in Meadow and thing that was left on anyone's plate," re­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 called Thompson. Said Graves, "Eating a was a student of Mrs. Burl~son's. I am Chinese lunch with Eliot was a risky busi­ Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT. Mr. Speaker, pleased to present for the RECORD the fol­ ness. He had faster chopsticks." on Thursday night, June 27, it was neces­ lowing remarks which were made by Mr. A longtime friend, African art collector SISK at the appreciation dinner for Mrs. Patll Tishman, recalled his enthusiasm: sary that I leave the floor of the House "Every reaction was explosive. He greeted in order to make travel connections to be Burleson. everything with 'oh, my God, it's fabulous' in Hot Springs, Ark., the next morning to Mrs. Burleson has been a favorite or 'I don't believe it.' Either that, or no in­ participate in the annual convention of friend of the Mahons through the years terest at all. Either he loved you, or the hell the Department of Arkansas Veterans of and we wholeheartedly share the senti­ with you." Foreign Wars of the U.S.A. I regret that ments which Mr. SISK has so well ex­ Much the same tribute came from sculptor the House had not yet taken up S. 3705, pressed. and African art collector Chaim Gross and to provide a 2-year extension of the time The remarks follow: his wife. "He had a great love for everything, for food, f-0r wine, for women. He loved beau­ during which veterans' educational ben­ SPEECH GIVEN BY BERNIE SISK AT APPRECIATION DINNER FOR Mas. LUCILLE BURLESON, MAY 3, tiful women," said Mrs. Gross. It was at a efits must be utilized. I therefore wish to 1974, AT MEADOW, TEX. dinner at the Gross's New York apartment record my remarks in the RECORD. that Elisofon met Gypsy Rose Lee, which Although I support the measure, my I feel deeply honored that I have been led to their collaboration on a cookbook, support is given somewhat reluctantly. asked to be the spokesman for all of you "Food Is a Four-Letter Word.'' Gross recalled tonight to express publicly our deep apprecia­ I am strongly in favor of the 2-year ex­ tion to Mrs. Lucille Burleson. I know that that Gypsy gave Elisofon a small African tension of the time limitation, but I am sculpture which started him off on the fabu­ while I am speaking, each of you is thinking lous collection that now adorns the walls and reluctant to see it divorced from the of that special time when you shared a close nooks of the museum. other equally impo1·tant provisions of communion with Mrs. Burleson. It could have But another friend, Mrs. Diana Michaelis, H.R. 12628, the veterans' education bill been a time of grief, of disappointment, of revealed perhaps a simple man. In a crowded which is currently in disagreement be­ job, of laughter, of play, a goal attained, a street in Bombay, she once asked him about tween the two Houses. While the House word of encouragement, or one of the numer­ the African photographic expedition on passed H.R. 12628, the Senate failed to ous incidents that are a part of our lives. which .his daughter Elin .had accompanied act upon the measure until June 19. But at that moment, Mrs. Burleson made you him. "She's a great photographer; just as feel that you were the most important person Meanwhile, it became necessary to ap­ in the world because she was -sharing that great as I am. In fact, I was n~ver a great photographer," he told her. prove a 30-day ~xtension of the 8-year moment with you. Her ability to reach out period during which edu-0ational benefits and communicate with especially the youth must be utilired in order that some and young adults has helped so many of us 300,000 veterans would not have their in so many ways. LEW DESCHLER In a teaching career that spanned five dec­ educational benefits summarily termi­ ades, Mrs. Burleson touched the hearts of nated. many and left an imprint upon all of us who HON. EDWIN B. FORSYTHE The 30-day extension W<>u1d have ex­ sat in her classroom. She was a strict dis­ OF NEW JERSEY pired -0n Sunday, June 30, if Congress ciplinarian, though never stern, cross or IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES had failed to act on s. 3705. This measure threatening; she controlled her students authorizes a 2-year extension of the 8- through kindness and love. There was not one Thursday, June 27, 1974 year period during which educational of us who would have done anything to hurt Mr. FORSYTHE. Mr. Speaker, I want her for it would have been like hurting our benefits must be utilized and is identical own Mother, for to us, she is our second to take this opportunity to express my to a provision of the House- and Senate­ Mother. She taught in the classroom the same deepest appreciation to one of the most passed H.R. 12628. moral standards our Mothers taught us in our distinguished public servants to have My reluctance to agree to this measure, homes. She taught more than just the writ­ graced this Chamber, Lew Deschler, our Mr. Speaker, stemmed from the fact that ten word; she taught us honesty and com­ Parliamentarian. its passage will remove some of the need passion. She sought to develop our talents I have mixed emotions as I see Lew for expeditious action on H.R. 12628, and and to make this world a better place in Deschler retire from the House of Repre­ I believe the other body has delayed too which to live. There were no favorites ill. her classroom.. sentatives. On the one han-0., I am sorry, long on that measure. In an effort to fa­ will She simply loved children and merely wanted because I know that it be impossible cilitate agreement, the House conferees out of life a.n opportunity to share some of to .completely replace his expertise that have proposed to agree with almost every the riches o! her education wit;h th~ youth has ~ome from many years of respected p1·ovision of the Senate-passed bill. The and to make of them better citizen&, Fathers, 22202 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974

Mothers and Leaders of our community and earlier signed "accords" between our HEALTH CARE OF THE POOR our nation. unelected spokesmen and those of (By George G. Reader, M.D.) Mrs. Burleson has a great sense of humor, she can laugh with us and even at herself. Panama, to transfer the Canal Zone from It used to be said that only the poor and For instance, when the Senior Class of '29 American to Panamanian control the rich receive the best of medical care. If "promptly." it were ever so, this has not been true for went all the way to Carlsbad, New Mexico on some years past, particularly in New York their trip, we took our own cooking utensils A related newsclipping is as follows: City. The fact of the matter is that the poor and bedding for some of the Motels did not PANAMA PACT have a. very difficult time finding good health furnish these essentials, though they did care. Perhaps their biggest problem is in gain­ have kitchenettes, so when it was time to Ellsworth Bunker, chief U.S. negotiator in cook dinner, Mrs. Burleson sent several .of the Panama Canal treaty talks, says a draft ing access to the system. Many neighbor­ us searching for matches before she dis­ will be ready for presentation to both gov­ hood physicians have retired or moved away covered that the stove was electric. It was ernments "by the end of this year or the from the slum areas of the City and no also on that trip that several of us took a beginning of next." longer practice there. They have been re­ canoe out on Bottomless Lake (estimated to Bunker yesterday concluded a negotiating placed, if at all, with profitmaking Medicaid be at least 20 feet deep in places) and as we session in Panama City with Panamanian clinics. These clinics composed of physicians, could not find the oars, we were using the Foreign Minister Juan Antonio Tack. They dentists and podiatrists sharing a common are working out the details of an agreement facility, run large numbers of patients frying pans for oars. When Mrs. Burleson through to obtain the small fee for each discovered what we were doing, she was more to transfer the Canal Zone from American to Panamanian control "promptly." service. Referrals from one physician to an­ upset that we might drop a frying pan than other are used to increase the take whether she was that we might turn over. indicated or not, as was revealed by the Our boys and girls are our greatest re­ Daily News in its investigative reporting last sources and Mrs. Burleson has always under­ year. stood this. She was dedicated to the idea of HEALTH CARE FOR THE POOR The Municipal Hospitals moreover, the helping all youngsters grow into the best main source of care for the poor in New York possible adulthood. Nor has her impact been City, have been chronically undersupported. limited to merely those who had the privi­ They were saved almost miraculously by Dr. lege of being in her classroom. Indeed, her HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Trussell when he was Commissioner of Hos­ ability to reach the individual, to lead them OF NEW YORK in the right direction has indirectly affected pitals in the Wagner Administration through IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the device of affiliation contracts with teach­ thousands of people as her students grew ing hospitals which have permitted them up and criss-crossed this nation. Wednesday, July 3, 1974 to retain and even improve standards of She was an inspiration to her students, and Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the notion care as a. result of the affiliated hospital's though she is deeply religious, she did not expert supervision and monitoring. The af­ believe in preaching to her students, she persists that the finest medical care filiations have also insured their obtaining believed in living along with them, and I'm available-in fact, better than what most properly-trained house officers. More recently sure we are all better Citizens, better Chris­ people can afiord-is provided free to the physical decline of the Municipal Hos­ tians, better Fathers and Mothers because poor people in hospital clinics and even pital System has been checked but not re­ she expects these qualities of us. in private doctors' offices by highly dedi­ versed by the organization of the Health and It is a tribute to her life that her son, Joe, cated physicians who allot a portion of Hospitals Corporation. It was hoped by those and his wife, Noyce, are teachers in The their time to charitable work. According who developed the Corporation that the Mu­ Meadow School. Joe is Principal of the Ele­ nicipal Hospital System as a quasi-public mentary grades and Noyce is the Drama to a popular saying, you have to be either entity could become self-sustaining. This, teacher in High School and for the past eight very rich or very, very poor to get first however, has never been the case and the out of nine years, her students have won first rate medical care. deficits incurred in operation must be made place in state competition in one act plays. But the poor know better. The most up from public funds which have thus far Just tonight word has reached us that they significant and unassailable truth, sup­ been inadequate to allow for rehabilitation have won again this year. Her daughter, ported by raw and disquieting facts, is of physical plant or much upgrading of per­ Marcille, was also a teacher for many years that the poor have a far higher rate of sonnel. Health care for the poor in the Mu­ but is now retired. Though we all miss sickness and death in all the diseases nicipal Hospital System is definitely second­ Marcus, who died of a brain tumor six years rate, particularly in the OPD and ER. Over ago, and her son, James, who was killed in that are preventable and treatable by half of the ambulatory hospital visits in a plane shot down during World War II, as good medical care. Something, obviously Brooklyn in a recent study, for example, Mrs. Burleson told us before this program, is wrong. The supposedly high quality of were found to be made to municipal hos­ this is a time to be happy so we will choke medical care that the poor are presumed pitals and half of those to the Emergency ba.ck the tears. to be getting simply is not doing the job Room, a most inadequate place for non­ I know she is especially proud that her of protecting their health and their lives. emergency ambulatory care. Even though in brother-in-law is the distinguished Congress­ The fact is that sometimes excellent, many respects municipal hospital care is sat­ man Omar Burleson of Texas, a dear friend sometimes shoddy, but always piecemeal isfa.ctory in terms of standards, it is not in of mine. Omar regrets that he cannot be here terms of amenities. There a.re also serious tonight but his telegram read earlier tells medical care is delivered and distributed and continuing deficiencies on the in-pa­ Mrs. Burleson that he is thinking of her. badly to the poor, under conditions that tient services measured against what is now All of us who had the honor of being make a coordinated, personal medical known about modern medical technology. taught by Mrs. Burleson will never forget and approach almost impossible even for the The voluntary hospitals of this City, which always appreciate the vitality, love and most conscientious physicians. More­ through their out-patient departments also dedication of this great teacher and I know over, these conditions are so surrounded provide health care to the poor, have re­ we are all better people because of the with indignities and inconveniences that cently suffered a serious decline, which is almost 50 years she gave in a classroom in a. poor people, even when they are in­ reflected in the service they can give to their little Texas town. poor clientele. All the voluntary hospitals in formed about the value of prompt and New York City have, in the last few years, sustained medical care, characteristically had chronically increasing deficits; and in come for medical help at the last mo­ some instances hospitals have come right to CARIBBEAN DETENTE CONTINUES ment-often too late. the brink of a precarious financial situation. INGIVEAWAYOFPANAMACANAL 'I'he desperate need for more medical Hospital Administrators are inclined to con­ and dental care in places where poor sider the OPD the major source of loss since families live is in itself a compelling rea­ they a.re reimbl,lrsed more or less adequately HON. JOHN R. RARICK for in-patient services but not for out-pa­ son for swift enactment of some type of tient visits. When corners are cut, therefore, OF LOUISIANA national health insurance. But health the OPD feels it first. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES insurance is only a small part of the solu­ Prior to Medicaid, voluntary hospitals Wednesday, July 3, 1974 tion. It is essential that those institu­ were paid with public funds through the tions-the hospitals and nursing homes Charitable Institutions Budget for care of Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, detente of our Nation-most directly involved the indigent, both in and out of the hos­ continues on the Panama oanal give­ with genuine human needs receive maxi­ pital. Such care was less expensive then but away. Despite the fact that Dr. Kissinger mum encouragement and support. I wish since Medicaid, reimbursement has been in­ and the President know they do not have to share with my colleagues the text of a adequate because many people are ineligible the votes in the Senate to ratify the either intermittently or continuously as recent radio message by George G. Medicaid beneficiaries. "Panama Canal giveaway treaty"-they Reader, M.D., on the need for compre­ Virtually, only those at the Welfare level certainly lack the votes in the House for hensive health programs for poor com­ are covered by Medicaid continuously. The an outright gift-Ellsworth Bunker is munities. working poor are the ones who suffer most continuing negotiations with the Panama The text of Mr. Reader's radio broad­ in being ineligible for Medicaid and unable power structure in accordance with cast follows: to pay for the medical care they receive. Pro- July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22203 viders such as the Municipal Hospitals must proved if the poor of New York City and on the floors-screw drivers and wrenches take care of these people without obtaining the other cities of America are to have an of all sizes, jack stands, home vacuum clean­ reimbursement, thus increasing their deficit. equal chance in a healthy society. ers, brush cutters, wheelbarrows, garden Some of the voluntary hospitals have tried tools, snow shovels, pruners, lawn rollers, to limit services to those who have medicaid paint sprayers, chain saws, hammers, axes, coverage but inevitably develop an increas­ A UNIQUE COMMUNITY LIBRARY IN pipe wrenches, crowbars and floor buffers. ingly large accounts receivable, nevertheless. COHOES, N.Y. "The most popular tools are timing lights They must bill patients even when they know for cars, compression gauges, jack stands and they cannot pay because the government will torque wrenches," Mr. Green said. not allow a provider to bill it for service that $1-A-DAY FINE is given to others for free. Many physicians HON. SAMUELS. STRATTON OF NEW YORK "A lot of people ask why we should lend refuse to take care of even the Medicaid­ out auto repair tools," Mr. Pawley said. "But eligible patients because of the low reim­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES we feel that if a man needs a car to support bursement rate, leaving the patients as an Wednesday, July 3, 1974 his family and by fixing it at a minimum only recourse the Medicaid Clinic or the out­ expense himself, he can go to work, then we patient department of a Municipal or Volun­ Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, the city have performed a worthwhile function." tary Hospital. Like the voluntary hospitals, of Cohoes in my district has already re­ Both Mr. Pawley and Mr. Green said that agencies such as the Visiting Nurse Service ceived much recognition for its progres­ they had never received any complaints from have felt the pinch as well and have had to sive action and innovative developments. carpenters, garage mechanics or any other think of reducing services in the face of an repairmen about losing work because of the increasing demand. It has been one of the Nation's most successful model cities and before that free tool supplies. Also from the Health Department's own "But if we had to do it all over again, I statistics, the last available being for the was selected as Look magazine's All­ might eliminate the small hand tools, like year 1971, it is easy to see that those who American city. small screw drivers and wrenches," Mr. Paw­ live in the slum areas of the City have not Now, an article in the New York Times ly added. "They are easily accessible and had an adequate share of public health serv­ for July 1, 1974 details a new community quite cheap. Yet, you'd be surprised how ices. This is a distinct reflection on the for­ innovation, a library of tools to lend to many people come in and ask for a screw mer Health Services Administration and will local residents. driver." lead us to watch closely the efforts of the Mr. Green said that the tools were lent for present Health Department under Commis­ Mr. Speaker, I salute the people of periods ranging from one to five days, that sioner Lowell Bellin. Diseases which are wide­ Cohoes and am glad to include this ar­ few tools were damaged, that a $1-a-day fine ly believed to have been stamped out, like ticle of its latest innovation for the in­ wu levied for late returns and that there tuberculosis, were still prevalent in slum formation of my colleagues: was no problem in tools disappearing or be­ areas in 1971, 649 cases in the one year from UPSTATE PUBLIC LIBRARY LENDS TOOLS, NOT ing stolen. Harlem and Bedford-Stuyvesant. Many cases BOOKS, TO RESIDENTS "Why, we know everybody in Cohoes,'' he of other types of infectious disease which are (By Harold Faber) said. "We know the people who are borrowing readily treatable such as scarlet fever are the tools." also to be found in considerable numbers in COHOES, N.Y.-Nelson Hare came into the East Harlem, while a preventable disease like library here the other day and walked out measles, is highly prevalent in the South with a jigsaw and a belt sander. At about ACPS CALLS FOR EXPANDED HISC Bronx. Infant mortality rates, a good indi­ the same time. Mrs. Mary McCormick came in cator of health service effectiveness, varies and returned a big rug shampooer. from 12.3 in Bay Ridge, an affiuent area, to It was a normal day in the Cohoes Tool 29.3 in Central Harlem and 31.5 in Fort Library, an unusual public library specializ­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK Greene, areas where the poor are concen­ ing in lending household maintenance and OF OHIO repair tools in this city of 18,000 on the trated. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Many had hoped that the consumer move­ banks of the Hudson River, a few miles north ment, including members of poverty groups, of Albany. Wednesday, July 3, 1974 Both householders and officials of the city would have a constructive influence on dis­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, I am tribution of health services and indeed for administration consider the tool library a a time this seemed to be so, when poverty successful venture in providing tools at no pleased to share with the Members of the . agencies in the city were well-funded and cost for "do-it-yourselfers" to improve their House, yet another in the growing series provided a focus for political action by the homes in the city, which has a large propor­ of testimonials in support of the House poor and deprived. As the Federal Govern­ tion of blue-collar workers and old housing Committee on Internal Security-that of ment has phased out these agencies and re­ units. the American Coalition of Patriotic So­ duced funding, however, a rallying point for "The whole idea is to instill a little pride cieties-ACPS. poor consumers has been elim_inated. Being in houses by giving people the actual tools to maintain their own homes," said Robert Organized in 1929, the ACPS functions both poor and powerless they now have very as a coordinating instrument for ap­ few ways in which they can influence society J. Pawley, an official of the city's Office of in their behalf. Planning and Development, who is directly proximately 100 patriotic, civic, and fra­ responsible for the library. ternal societies throughout the country. WHAT CAN BE DONE? "It's very popular," said Kenneth Green, Its 1974-75 platform contains a con­ National Health Insurance, when it comes director of the library. He took over the daily cise, well-drawn resolution which not in the next few years, may provide part of management of the library in 1972 when he the answer, but it will take a concerted ef­ retired after 30 years in the Post Office De­ only urges the retention of HISC but also fort to improve health services to the poor partment in Cohoes. "urges the Select Committee--on Com­ in New York City and for that matter In the month of May, 142 local residents mittees-to consider the mandate of the throughout the cities of the United States. borrowed 238 tools, ranging from a screw Committee on Internal Security with a The leadership in thi·s effort must come from driver to a cement mixer. The library has view to broadening its scope, and clarify­ elected representatives of the people since 1,537 members, with the only requirements ing its legislative jurisdiction." the hospitals and the medical profession being that they must be over 21 years of age The text of ACPS' resolution follows: seem to be common victims of the problem and a resident of Cohoes; the library's col­ HOUSE INTERNAL SECURITY COMMITTEE with their patients, but it will require the lection of 250 tools is valued at about $7,000. cooperation of the whole health establish­ Whereas, There is a movement to transfer A MODEL CITIES PROGRAM the jurisdiction of the House Internal Secu­ ment. Reimbursements and fees must be ade­ The library was opened in 1970 as part of quate to make any system work and dis­ rity Committee to the Committee on Gov­ the Federal Model Cities program here. At ernment Operations; and tribution must be more rational than it is the time, the local planners believed it was Whereas, The work in the Internal Secu­ today. People must be educated to help them­ the first such library in the country, but rity Committee is of vital importance in selves as well. The Medical Society is at­ an official of the American Llbrary Associa­ view of the increase of terrorist organiza­ tempting to aid in this effort by fostering tion in Chicago said she had heard of at least tions and political kidnappings; and programs of health education directed par­ two other tool libraries, one in Grooss Pointe, Whereas, HR 988 provides no insurance ticularly at the poor and deprived. The hos­ Mich., and the other in Canal Fulton, Ohio. that the work in the internal security field pital associations, the medical societies, and The library, housed in the basement of an will be pursued continuously and vigorously; community social agencies, must all get to­ old church, was operated on a budget of and gether and plan constructively with the poor $17,355 last year with most of the money Whereas, The Internal Security Committee and other consumers to see that health serv­ going to pay for Mr. Green and a part-time has developed a.in ex~rtise in this field; and ices are delivered appropriate to their needs. assistant. The funding by the Model Cities Whereas, The present mandate of the In­ This however will not be enough unless the program will expire at the end of this month, ternal Security Committee is restricted to quality of life in the City is also considered but Operation Mainstream, a Federal work­ investigation of organizations having as their because medical care by it.self is not enough training program, will take over the salaries. purpose the overthrow of the government by to insure better health. Jobs, good housing, Behind the library desk are several rooms force and violence; and and educational opportunity must all be im- with tools neatly displayed on the walls and Whereas, There is a crucial need for over- 22204 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS. July 3, 1974 sight of industrial and economic penetra­ forcement Assistance Administration of dumped back into the ocean, are detri· tion: the Justice Department. While I con­ mental to the future of these valuable Resolved, That the American Coalition of tinue to feel that LEAA is the proper sources of protein. Patriotic Societies commends the Studies on Political Kidnappings and the Symbionese agency for the program, I support H.R. It has become increasingly clear that Liberation Army prepared by and for the use 15276 as well-intentioned legislation the regulatory power of our Government of the committee on Inter.nal Security and which should provide a positive step to­ over these fisheries is insufficient. Experi­ the Report on the American Penal System ward prevention of juvenile delinquency. ence has shown that unregulated or only as a Revolutionary Target; and partially regulated :fishing almost in­ Resolved, That the American Coalition variably leads to decline of the resource strongly urges the House Select Committee and corresponding economic hardship under the Chairmanship of Congressman HOUSE RESOLUTION 988 WOULD Richard Bolling to retain the present Com­ DESTROY MERCHANT MARINE for the fishermen, and that this has mittee on Internal Security as a standing AND FISHERIES COMMITTEE'S EF­ been a serious ft>.ctor in the decimation committee of the House t o insure the con­ FECTIVENESS IN DEALING WITH of American fishery resources. In order tinuation of its work; and FISHERY PROBLEMS to deal with this problem, Chairman Resolved, That the American Coalition SULLIVAN, Congressman BIAGGI, and I urges the Select Committee to consider the introduced a bill, H.R. 15619, on June 25, mandate of the Committee on Internal se­ HON. JOHN D. DINGELL 1974, which would provide for the curity with a view broadening its scope, to OF MICHIGAN conservation and management of our and clarifying its legislative jurisdiction. IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES fisheries. This legislation w .mld require Wednesday, July 3, 1974 the Secretary of Commerce to promul­ JUVENILE DELINQUENCY gate regulat' '>ns governh1g fishing in the Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, the in­ :fisheries zone and on the high seas for creasing cost and decreasing availability the purpose of obtaining the optimum HON. CHARLES E. WIGGINS of high protein food sources is certainly overall biological, economic, and social OF CALIFORNIA one of the most pressing problems facing benefits, and such regulations applicable IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Members of Congress, this country, to areas beyond the :fisheries zone wouid Wednesday, July 3, 1974 and the world today. be deemed unilateral measures of con­ The plight of American fishermen and servation by the United States within Mr. WIGGINS. Mr. Speaker, juvenile the dwindling fishery resources of our the meaning of articlt 7 of the 1958 delinquency continues to be a serious country are a source of continuing con­ Convention on Fishing and Conserva­ problem. During the past decade, ju­ cern to the members of the Merchant tion of the Living Resources of the High venile crimes have shown a significant Marine and Fisheries Committee. A com­ Seas and, as such, would apply to for­ rise. Statistics indicate that total arrests mittee which, I might add, would be rent eign vessels of countries which are sig­ of individuals under 18 years of age more asunder and relegated to second-class natory to applicJ.ble international :fishery than doubled during the period from status by the pending House reorganiza­ agreements as well as U.S. fishermen. 1960 to 1971. During this same period of tion plan contained in House Resolution After a 6-month period, under the terms time, older age groups experienced only 988, despite the fact that, by virtue of of H.R. 15619, applicability of these a 19-percent increase in arrests. Juve­ every relevant criteria, its members and regulations would be extended to the niles accounted for 32 percent of all rob­ staff are best qualified to deal with this vessels of all foreign nations whether or bery arrests and 51 percent of all bur­ and equally serious problems and are at 1.ot they are party to the Convention or glary arrests in 1972. A statistic of par­ this very time engaged in efforts to re­ other international agreements. My sub­ ticular concern indicates that nearly solve numerous important and highly committee plans to hold hearings on three-fourths of all offenders under 20 complex issues in the areas of their com­ this bill in the next month or so. years of age released from Federal cor­ petence. Make no mistake, House Resolu­ For the information of the Members, rectional institutions in 1965 had been tion 988, as presently constituted, will I would like to insert at this point the rearrested by 1969. scatter the exPertise now concentrated text of the article from the Washington A second aspect of juvenile delinquen­ in the Merchant Marine and Fisheries Post referred to above, as well as the cy is the problem of runaway youths. It is Committee and seriously hamper future text of a Resolution on Interim Action estimated that at least 1 million young efforts to deal effectively with such for Resource Management, adopted by people run away every year. Out of 21 problems. the members of the National Fisheries arrested categories, runaways are ranked Our committee is moving in a number Institute, Inc., at its meeting in Bal Har­ seventh. Yet this category applies ex­ of areas to protect our fishermen and bour, Fla., April 20, 1974. This resolution clusively to people under 18. Runaway conserve our fishery resources. Chairman supports a resource management plan youths often are detained in jails with SULLIVAN, other committee members, and similar to that proposed in H.R. 15619. persons who have committed more seri­ committee staff plan to be present at The newspaper article and resolution ous violations. For a minor offense, the various times at the ongoing Law of the follow: i-unaway is faced with the lifelong stigma Sea Conference in Caracas where fish­ [From the Washington Post, June 30, 1974] of "juvenile delinquent." eries jurisdiction is among the matters A WASTED OCEAN OF FOOD In light of the clear importance of the under discussion. Also, my Subcommittee (By George C. Wilson) juvenile delinquency problem, I am on Fisheries and Wildlife Conservation At a time some American poor are eating pleased to express my support of H.R. and the Environment is in the process of dog food to get protein, U.S. fishermen are 15276, the Juvenile Delinquency Preven­ holding a series of field hearings on leg­ throwing back billions of pounds of protein - tion Act of 197 4. This bill establishes a islation to extend our exclusive :fisheries rich fish to die. Juvenile Delinquency Administration zone, and is using its oversight authority Neither government officials nor the fisher­ within HEW to provide policy direction to assure that the U.S. delegations to men are happy about it. But they say they for all Federal juvenile delinquency pro­ meetings of the several international have to find a way to use the fl.sh. grams. HEW is further authorized to fishery commissions take a firm stand in Director Robert W. Schoning of the gov­ ernment's National Marine Fisheries Service make grants to States and localities for favor of additional conservation meas­ said his agency-part of the Commerce De­ improvement of the juvenile justice sys­ ures and against continued overfishing partment-is studying the problem but is tem and to public and private agencies of stocks which are in difficulty. still two years away from a decision. for development of new approaches to the An article in last Sunday's Washington In the meantime, American fishermen, for prevention of juvenile delinquency. Title Post bears out the fact that overfishing want of a market, throw back up to 70 per IV of the bill authorizes HEW to make is one of the major causes of our di­ cent of t he fl.sh trapped in the nets they assistance available to localities and non­ minishing stocks and that both the fish­ throw t o cat ch such species as flounder and profit organizations to develop facilities ing methods currently in use by foreign shrin•p. :fleets, which use fine mesh nets to scoop Most of t he fish thrown back after being for runaways outside of the law enforce­ netted off the bottom die because they can­ ment and juvenile justice system. up everything regardless of size and not survive the pressure changes by being I supported the amendment offered by process it on their ships, and those suddenly dragged up from the depths. Mr. Qum, of Minnesota, that responsi­ methods used by certain of our own fish­ "It's not right that we turn this area into bility for administration of this program ermen, which result in many presently a burial ground for fish we don't keep," said be transferred from HEW to the Law En- unpopular species being discarded and John C. Botelho. a New Bedford, Mass., skip- July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22205 per who has been running trawlers (also Fish are high in protein and low in sub­ interest in the maintenance of the produc­ called draggers) on Georges Bank in the stances that produce cholesterol in the blood. tivity of the living resources in any area of northwest Atlantic for 31 years. (High cholesterol has been linked to heart the high seas adjacent to its territorial sea; He added that the Soviet and Japanese disease.) Now, therefore, be it resolved, That the method of scooping up and keeping every­ "Most fish and shellfish," according to the National Fisheries Institute urge the United thing for processing on their fish factory Commerce Department, "fall into the low­ States government to take interim action ships is not right from a conservation stand­ fat, high-protein group" which have "less based on adequate and sound scientific in­ point, either. He and other fishermen want than 5 per cent fat and more than 15 per formation to protect, conserve and manage foreign fishing fieets to use nets with mini­ cent protein." all over-fished stocks and to protect our do­ mum size mesh so that small fish could New England fishermen have been getting mestic fishing industry; such action to en­ escape. between 10 and 17 cents a pound for flounder sure wise management of living marine re­ As Botelho and other skippers explained and could sell easier-to-catch discards for sources for the good of all mankind which it, trawler fishermen go out for only certain less. will permit maximum sustainable yields of kinds of fish-ones they can sell at auction In contrast, a can of high-priced dog food all species from the sea; at the dock after the 10-day trip out in the (Alpo lamb chunks selling in one Wash­ And be it further resolved, That the Na­ Atlantic. ington store for 47 cents a can) is labeled tional Fisheries Institute urge the United The skippers tow their nets where they as "not less than 7 per cent crude fat" and States government, as a coastal state hav­ believe the desired fish, such as yellowtail "not less than 12 per cent crude protein." ing a special interest in the maintenance of flounder, are congregated. But it often takes Besides providing a source of high protein the productivity of the living resources in days of towing in various places before the for low cost, Fisheries Service officials said the seas, :to unilaterally invoke a regulatory skippers find a place in the ocean "clean" of marketing throwaway fish in an attractive system similar to and in accordance with the undesired fish they cannot sell. form would reduce the fishing pressure now Article 7 of the 1958 Geneva Convention This method of trial and error-multiplied threatening to decimate such popular spe­ whereby unilateral measures of conserva­ by the hundreds of American fishing boats cies as haddock and yellowtail fiounder be­ tion will be adopted" ... provided that nego­ trawling through waters off the U.S. coast­ yond recovery. tiations to that effect with the other States means that billions of pounds of fish are Willy Etheridge II, skipper of the Sonya concerned have not led to an agreement dumped back into the ocean. Gwen trawler out of Wanchese, N.C., is one within six months" from this date. Warren Rathjens heads the Fisheries Serv­ of the fishermen who insist that dwindling ice project in Gloucester, Mass., designed to catches prove that the fishing pressure on find uses for discarded fish. some species must be eased soon. "There is quite a variety of possibilities" "Something has to be done," he said in an QUESTIONS ON IMPEACHMENT for using these unwanted fish, according to interview aboard his trawler. "Those people Rathjens but the big obstacle is developing (foreign fishermen) are fishing too clean. a market for them. You can destroy the fishing for years. If HON. LEE H. HAMILTON The market outlook is "extremely clouded," people are hungry, let's feed them. But let's OF INDIANA he said in a telephone interview. do it right." Two possibilities for the discairds are Fisheries Service statistics show that the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES minced fish and fish protein concentrate­ average yearly catch for haddock by U.S. Wednesday, July 3, 1974 or fish flour. Both have their drawbacks. fishermen in the five-year period 1968 Technology is on hand to make minced fish. through 1972. was 35.3 million pounds. Last Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, under Machines strip the fiesh from the bones, chop year the total was down to 8.3 million leave to extend my remarks in the REC­ it up and then assemble it in a hamburger­ pounds. ORD, I include my Washington Report like mass put together in what is called fish The yellowtall flounder annual catch av­ entitled "Questions on Impeachment": blocks. Such throwaway fish as croakers in eraged 69.6 million pounds for that same QUESTIONS ON IMPEACHMENT the Gulf and sea robins and monkfiish in the five-year period. The 1973 catch was down to Atlantic could be processed into blocks of 65.5 million, a decrease that New England As the House of Representatives ap­ minced fish which could be stored from six fishermen contend is more dramatic than proaches a vote on the impeachment of a months to a year. it looks because so much effort is being ex­ President for the first time in over 100 years, Similarly, there is no mystery to making pended on netting the yellowtail. constituents are asking questions about the fish flour. Some companies have already made At the same time that some highly prized impeachment procedure. This newsletter at­ it with the idea of selling it as a source of fish are becoming scarce, American families tempts to answer several of these questions. protein-like powdered milk. are eating more fish. The National Marine What is the origin and purpose of im­ But can minced fish be made into tasty, Fisheries Service said the per person con­ peachment? The Constitution provides that nutritious products that people will buy? Is sumption of fish products hit a record 12.6 the "President, Vice-President and all civil there a world market for fish flour to justify pounds in 1973. The figures for the last five officers of the U.S. shall be removed from of­ the government's going into that program years show this generally upward trend in fice on impeachment for, and conviction of, again? per person consumption of fish: treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors." The bipartisan House Ju­ If the Fisheries Service concludes that the _Pounds eaten diciary Committee staff defines the key answer to both questions is yes, a decision it Year: per person expects to reach in 1976, the Commerce De­ phrase "high crimes and misdemeanors" as 1969 ------11.2 misconduct against the state, an abuse of partment or other executive agency could 1970 official power, misapplication of funds, or then establish a program to buy fish now ------11.8 1971 ------11.4 neglect of duty. It was not necessarily lim­ thrown back in the ocean. 1972 ited to a crime. The President's lawyers con­ However, hunger in this country-drama­ ------12.3 1973 ------12.6 tend that a criminal offense by the President tized by findings that poor people are eat­ is required for impeachment. ing dog food to get protein-and U.N. pre­ My view is that impeachable conduct may dictions about food shortages around the RESOLUTION OF THE NATIONAL FISHERIES IN• be, but need not be, criminal conduct. The world most likely will prompt Congress to de­ STITUTE ON INTERIM ACTION FOR RESOURCE framers of the Constitution intended the im­ mand immediate action from the executive MANAGEMENT, ADOPTED AT BAL HARBOUR, peachment power to reach the failure of a rather than wait another two years. FLA., APRIL 20, 1974 President to discharge the responsibilities of Sen. George McGovern (D-S.D.) , for ex­ Whereas, certain valuable species of fish his office. It was intended to provide a check ample, after hearing the Food Research and and marine life off the shores of the United on the President, but not to make him de­ Action Center of New York report recently States are now in danger of being seriously pendent upon the will of the Congress. Of that "over the past thre·e to four yea.rs our overfished; and the 13 impeachments voted by the House nation's needy have become hungrier and Whereas, certain stocks of valuable fish since 1789, 10 included one or more allega­ poorer," called for a "great American initia­ and marine life are now being overfished by tions that did not charge a violation of crim­ tive" to combat hunger. fishing efforts beyond the existing twelve­ inal law. The purpose of impeachment, un­ Director Schoning of the Fisheries Service mile fisheries zone near the coastline of the like the criminal law, is to remove from of­ agreed in an interview that a way must be United States; and fice a person whose conduct undermines the found to use discarded fish. It is not a ques­ Whereas, international negotiations have integrity of the office or of the Constitution. to date proved incapable of obtaining timely The purpose of the criminal law is to punish tion of "if" he said, but when. agreement for the protection and conser­ "We have a responsibility to act vigorously the wrongdoer. The Constitution provides vation of certain species of :fish and marine that a person impeached and removed from because of the magnitude of the potential" of life off the coast of the United States; and discarded fish, he said. office may also be tried and convicted if his Whereas, there is increasing danger of ir­ offense is a violation of criminal law. He pleaded for realism, however. reversible depletion before efforts to achieve Have any federal officials been impeached? "The concept is great," he said. " 'Let's feed an international agreement on jurisdiction Yes. During our nation's history, 13 otncia.ls the starving people of the world.' But these over :fisheries can result in an operative have been impeached by the House, including starving people don't eat fish ft.our. They eat agreement; and President Andrew Johnson, who was acquit­ rice." Whereas, the United States has a special ted. Of the 13 impeachments, only 11 went to 22206 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 191'4 trial before the Senate, and only 4 resulted sentative of the taxpayer, his careful The City of Gainesville ls extremely pleased in a conviction by the Senate. All 4 of these monitoring of expenditures-both in the with the minimum of federal red tape which convictions were of federal judges. Appropriations Committee and also on has been implemented to date. The required What does the constitution mean by tm­ "first in-first out" accounting system is like­ peachment? Impeachment is only a charge the floor-resulted in marked savings. wise a very lenient and satisfying one which of misconduct. It is a process by which the As chairman of the Subcommittee on we feel meets the needs of governmental House of Representatives, by a majority vote, State, Justice, Commerce, and the Judi­ regulations. The hope is that this system will charges a President, Vice-President, or a icary, he exercised all his skills in scru­ continue to operate in its present state. civil officer of the United States with mis­ tinizing budget requests for these As can be determined from the attached conduct. agencies. list of programs, the largest amount, totaling What is the role of the House Judiciary JOHN ROONEY is a sincere and dedi­ $744,771, has been appropriated for the Committee? At the conclusion of its in­ cated member of this body. He has served Northeast Community Center. This project ls quiry, the Judiciary Committee will report a vital one in our community and one which a recommendation it deems proper, and the his constituents and his country well for will require additional Revenue Sharing House may accept or reject it. If the com­ 30 years, and gained the respect of his funds in the future. mittee does not recommend impeachment, colleagues. We wish him the best in The complex, which is scheduled to begin the House can still impeach by majority vote. the well-deserved leisure years ahead. construction by the end of this year, Will If the Committee recommends impeachment, contain such functions as a health clinic, the House will debate the question and vote an Older Americans Council, a community either for or against impeachment. meeting room, a library extension, a child What happens if the House votes for im­ STATE AND LOCAL FISCAL care center, a game room, a swimming pool, peachment? If a majority of the members ASSISTANCE ACT and a gymnasium. It will be located so that of the House vote for impeachment of the it will be easily accessible to the underprivi­ President, the Speaker selects a committee leged and the minority groups. However, it is of members as "managers" to prosecute expected that citizens of all races and social the case before the Senate. The vote to im­ HON. BILL GUNTER classes will make use of it, thus providing peach is followed by a trial in the Senate. OF FLORIDA interaction among people who normally The Chief Justice of the United States su­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would remain separate. preme Court presides over the trial, which is A program of significance under the Park governed by the Senate's rules of procedure Wednesday, July 3, 1974 and Open Space Allocation is the acquisition for impeachment trials. After the trial, if Mr. GUNTER. Mr. Specker, I would of six acres of land in the midst of the urban­ % of the senators present vote to convict, like to insert in the RECORD a copy of a ized area on which is located the Hotel the officer is removed from office. Conviction letter I i·eceived from Mr. B. Harold Thomas, a product of the early part of the by the Senate does not ban subsequent in­ century and of historical significance. The dictment, trial, or conviction of the im­ Farmer, the city manager of the city of Hotel Thomas will be restored under a num­ peached and convicted officer in a court of Gainesville, Fla., giving testimonial to ber of programs, a portion of which will be law. the e:trective way a local government has Federal Revenue Sharing funds. What happens to the President if the utilized Federal funds allocated under Projects of this nature are what make House impeaches him? Only if the Senate the State and Local Fiscal Assistance Act Revenue Sharing re-enactment a most im­ convicts the President would he be removed of 1972 to improve the life of the citizens portant issue during the upcoming Con­ from office. Until he is convicted, he remains of their community: gressional campaigns. We respectfully re­ President, charged with seeing to it that quest your utmost consideration and as­ CITY OF GAINESVILLE, FLA., sistance toward the continuance of the pro­ the laws are faithfully executed. June 27, 1974. What is the attitude of members of Con­ gram after 1976. Spiraling inflation has made Hon. BILL GUNTER, it necessary to use a greater percentage of gress toward the impeachment inquiry? House of Be']1Tesentatives, Many Americans want to drop any further local annual revenue simply for operating Washington, D.C. expenditures. Revenue Sharing funds are, in inquiry entirely; others want to impeach and DEAR MR. GUNTER: I would like to take this convict the President now. The duty of the some instances, the only means by which opportunity to tell you about the way the other needed and vital projects can be House under the Constitution will not per­ City of Gainesville, Florida, is utilizing Fed­ mit either of these options. The Constitu­ funded. eral General Revenue Sharing Funds to meet Thank you for your attention in this tional duty of the House is to inquire fully, needs which otherwise would not be met. thoroughly, and fairly into the allegations matter. There have been few deviations from the Sincerely, of misconduct against President Nixon. categories to which the monies were appro­ Members of Congress do not look with any B. HAROLD FARMER, priated amounting to only a small percentage City Manager. joy on this task. It is an awesome respon­ of the total funds. The major change is a re­ slblllty, and each member must be guided by allocation of $200,000 from the Park Land the evidence, the Constitution, and his own and Open Space Acquisition Program to the best judgment. Semi-Pave Program. The Semi-Pave Program will place a hard surface on all City Streets MRS. MARTIN LUTHER KING, SR. at no cost to abutting property owners. Tb.is will eliminate much of the dust problem TRIBUTE TO REPRESENTATIVE which ls so offensive to housewives, and par­ HON. WILLIAM R. COTTER JOHN J. ROONEY ticularly to older persons. This change will OF CONNECTICUT allow the City of Gainesville to reduce the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES original five-year program to three years, which means the program will be completed Wednesday, July 3, 1974 HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI by October 1, 1974. This change also allows a OF NEW YORK Mr. COTTER. Mr. Speaker, once again hedge against the continuous price increases our Nation has witnessed the tragic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on materials. Without Revenue Sharing monies, this reduction in time and savings death of one of its truly notable citizens. Wednesday, July 3, 1974 would not have been possible. Mrs. Martin Luther King, Sr. was killed Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, it is with Even though it is not required by the Office on Sunday, June 30, with the same sense­ mixed feelings that I pay tribute today of Revenue Sharing, advertised public hear­ less brutality that characterized the mur­ to our colleague, the distinguished Rep­ ings were held at the request of the City der of her son, the Reverend Martin Manager and the City Commissioners to as­ Luther King, Jr., 6 years ago. resentative of the 14th District of New sist them in determining the allocation of York, JOHN ROONEY. On the one hand, I these funds. In addition, a Capital Outlay Mrs. King's life symbolized the dedi­ am happy that he will be enjoying a well­ Committee, composed of local citizens, made cation of a loving wife and mother. The e~ed retirement life at the end of this priority recommendations toward usage of sorrow borne by her husband, the Rever­ <1ongress, but on the other hand, he will the funds. We have found these procedures end Martin Luther King, Sr., is shared be greatly missed in these Halls. to be extremely helpful in the decision-mak­ by most Americans. According to those Born to immigrant parents, represent­ ing process and in determining valid needs who knew her, Mrs. King played a sig­ in the community. nificant role in the development of Dr. ing an ethnically diversified district sim­ Through the use of Revenue Sharing ilar to my own, I know of his interest funds, the City Commission was able to re­ Martin King's philosophy by her exam­ in the multicultw·al matters that abound duce property taxes last year in the City of ple. She was truly a Christian woman, in our Nation, and of his many efforts in Gainesville from 10 mills to 8 mills, thus and the Nation is poorer because of the behalf of the preservation of our ethnic providing some relief for property owners. brutal assassination which struck her heritage. Again, without Revenue Sharing funds, this down. A conscientious and dedicated repre- reduction would have been impossible. On this occasion I wish to pay tribute July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22207 to this woman of dignity and principle. tions to water resources problems. His easily the consensus of all citizens, if a Her life will be remembered, will her efforts reflect his deep-seated sense of sensible approach to the problem would be as put forth. This is not an impossible dream. son's, for the struggle she courageously public responsibility toward the needed We Americans have the savoir-faire and fought and the gains in civil equality she development of navigation, hydroelectric dedication for the task. helped America to achieve. power, and flood control in an environ­ Unfortunately, there are many people who mentally sound fashion. are not willing to "give a little in order to Throughout his distinguished career, obtain a whole lot" for everyone. Special Mr. Tofani has been of invaluable assist­ interest groups have organized. No longer is THE RETIREMENT OF MR. ance to the Congress and to the water the good of the land, animals or antiquities B. JOSEPH TOFANI resource oriented Federal agencies in the real issue. Instead, each such well­ organized group is fighting to "have things shaping legislation to meet the needs of its way" with no holds barred. the Nation. He has worked closely with It is proper to fight for one's rights as HON. JOHN A. BLATNIK the congressional committees and their long as the real objective is not lost or re­ OF MINNESOTA staffs in the analysis of special programs placed by personal desires. Nor is it good IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and has unstintingly devoted his time judgement to plead one's case by using "scare tactics" based on untruths. This lat­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 and efforts in reviewing proposed legis­ lation which would impact on water re­ ter method is being deliberately used in order Mr. BLATNIK. Mr. Speaker, it has source development and management. to gain the support of deeply concerned citi­ come to my attention that Mr. B. Joseph zens. What follows is a case in point. The Department of the Army has long As members of our local archaeological Tofani, Chief of the Policy and Analysis recognized his unexcelled, professional club, we recently attended the monthly Division of the Office, Chief of Engineers, contributions and has given him many meeting which featured, as guest speaker, Ike is retiring at the end of this month after outstanding awards, including the two Eastvold. 38 years of dedicated public service in reserved only for the most distinguished Sometimes referred to as, "The Petroglyph the field of water resource development civilian executives, the Meritorious Civil­ Man," Mr. Eastvold informed his attentive and management. ian Service Award and the Exceptional audience that petroglyph sites were in need On behalf of the Public Works Com­ Civilian Service Award. of greater protection due to the rise of van­ mittee of the House of Representatives dalism and theft of petroglyph rock. But the most cherished award which As one example, he ~ited the recent, near and the Nation's water resources com­ an individual can seek is the personal total destruction of a nearby, pristine petro­ munity which shares my views, I wish to knowledge that his career efforts have glyph site located in Woods Wash, San Ber­ express my appreciation for the almost been of benefit to his fellowman, and nardino County. He indicated this had oc­ four decades of outstanding service that Joe Tofani has won that accolade. curred over the Thanksgiving weekend as a Mr. Tofani has provided to the Govern­ I am sure that my distinguished col­ result of an article and accompanying map ment and to the Nation. leagues join with me in this expression of published in a national magazine (see Des­ Mr. Tofani, a graduate mechanical ert, Oct. '73). Mr. Eastvold stated that tons appreciation; with the knowledge and of petroglyph rock had been removed, blasted engineer from Villanova University, expectation that Mr. Tofani's wise coun­ or defaced in place. The site was apparently worked for the State of Pennsylvania; sel and advice will still be available to the in shambles. the Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Congress and the Nation. We talked with Mr. Eastvold following the Colo., and the Department of Agricul­ meeting and he stated. "The photograph of ture's Soil Conservation Service in Wash­ the petroglyphs you had in Desert Magazine ington prior to joining the Corps of En­ is now one of a kind. Little remains at the gineers in 1942. BEAUTIFUL SECTIONS OF OUR site because it has beer: defaced, blasted and COUNTRY SHOULD BE PRESERVED most of it hauled away. Great piles of broken During his 32 years with the corps, Mr. petroglyphs are lying all over the ground." Tofani has held a variety of positions of We were shocked. How could people do such ever increasing responsibility. For a pe­ a thing. The wanton destruction of such riod of 13 years he was chief of the pro­ HON. WILLIAM M. KETCHUM priceless Indian art hardly seemed possible. grams division for the Civil Works Di­ OF CALIFORNIA We must see this senseless rape for our­ selves. rectorate of the corps. During that as­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES signment he was instrumental in devel­ An immediate call to William Knyvett, oping the planning, programing, and Wednesday, July 3, 1974 Desert's Publisher-Editor, met with the same reaction. "Check it out," he directed. budgeting system which to this day still Mr. KETCHUM. Mr. Speaker, for Now returned from an inspection of the guides long-range investments relative many years, both in the California Leg­ Woods Wash site, we are happy and relieved to the multibililon-dollar civil works islature and in the Congress, I have to report it is still as unique and beautiful program. This system had a formative urged the adoption of a balanced policy to behold as we found and photographed it influence on the entire water resources for the protection of our natural re­ in February, 1972--over two years ago! We development program of the United sources. I firmly believe that the unique saw little evidence of man's recent visitation States. or the senseless destruction as represented and beautiful sections of our country by misinformed individuals who proliferate In his present position as head of the should be set aside and preserved. But I untruths under the guise c:>f "Guardians of Policy and Analysis Division, his respon­ also believe that all the American people the Desert." sibilities include the formulation of the should be allowed to visit these spots-­ Using photographs we had taken in 1972, broad, basic policies which channel and not just the healthy few who ·are able to to prepare the Oct. '73 issue, we meticulously direct the present and future efforts of "backpack" into the wild. examined the rather extensive site. It became the nationwide water resources programs It frequently seems that some environ­ quite obvious that someone doesn't under­ conducted by the Corps. As the principal stand the forces of geology and has blamed mentalists would close off our national people for the natural erosion. There are civilian adviser to the Chief of Engineers lands from those who now enjoy them glyphs on the ground-they were there in in this area of expertise, he has been in the name of environmental protec­ 1972 I Eventually, the glyphs will all fall prey the key coordinator with other Federal tion. Statements are often heard that to erosion. Two of the rocks bear beautiful agencies, Congress: and the Office of the land is being ravaged by the current "sheep glyphs" and they are still there! Management and Budget on policy, legis­ users. Recently, an article appeared in The large glyph rock pictured in Desert lation, and long-range programing. Desert magazine which graphically illus­ had one small piece gone. We looked and Beyond his direct Corps assignments, there it was-on the ground below. Jerry re­ trates this type of false claim, and I in­ turned it to its original position, but prob­ in 1966, Mr. Tofani was named as the sert it in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD with ably the next heavy storm will wash it down Department of Army representative to the hope that all my colleagues will read again. The "chia, ballerina, lizard" and other the U.S. Water Resources Council. In this it: outstanding petroglyphs are still there to see. capacity, his knowledge, keen judgment At the present time, there is a great con­ Had evil people been removing and destroy­ and concern for future generations of cern in our country in regard to the pro­ ing the petroglyphs here, they certainly Americans resulted in Council emphasis tection and preservation of our Public Land, would not have left fine ones on the ground. on the evaluation of a broader spectrum wild life and antiquities. This is as it should Those who have spread the prefabrications be, as they are a valuable natural heritage relating to Woods Wash have a noble of alternatives and on the systematic which should be enjoyed by our generation motive-protection of the petroglyphs. Un­ presentation of options to decisionmakers and those who follow. fortunately, the dishonest approach can lead which have made possible better solu- To preserve, protect and enjoy-could be · only to the alienation of public support and 22208 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 the disqualification or spokesmen for the BEHIND DETENTE RHETORIC SO­ Yost reports "regular shipments of arms cause. VIET IMPERIALISM CONTINUES and ammunition have been coming ... from No man, or group of men, can claim an ex­ Algeria on Algerian planes. One shipment clusive protectorate over the Desert that of arms and ammunition from Libya was many of us have come to love, each in his received." individual way. Is it their own inherent greed HON. PHILIP M. CRANE In another confidential dispatch from Bu­ that makes them distrustful of others? OF ll.LINOIS rundi, he urges strengthening the U.S. em­ Make not the assumption that all who bassy "to monitor PRC (People's Republic enter t he Great Mojave Desert are bent upon IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of China), North Korean, Arab and Soviet its destruction. Were this true, Mr. Eastvold Wednesday, July 3, 1974 activities in Central Africa." A confidential and his compatriots would not be seeing the State Department memo to the White House hundreds of petroglyph sites they have only Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, although urges improving "access to Burundi leaders lately decided to protect. Soviet leaders speak repeatedly of a new who might be influenced to support the U.S. Desert Magazine's policy has been built era of good feeling between East and on international issues." upon the strong moral ethics of its founder, West, the unfortunate fact is that such Throughout Africa, the scenario is the Randall Henderson. Publisher William Kny­ words have not, in any sense, been ac­ same: the Chinese, Russians and Arabs vett and his staff continue the policy of, "To train and equip friendly troops or insurgents tell of this sublime land, to enjoy and to pro­ companied by meaningful deeds. while the U.S. maneuvers desperately to stay tect it." Nearly all of the petroglyph sites The Berlin Wall continues to stand, in the ballgame. mentioned in articles are shown on the U.S. the Soviet Union continues to provide In Guinea and Tanzania, for example, Geological Survey maps available to the gen­ aid and assistance to the North Viet­ the Chinese are conducting guerrilla schools. eral public. They are available in most li­ namese and the Vietcong who continue The graduates a.re supplied with arms and braries. Auto Club maps also pinpoint many their aggressive war against the south, ammunition to stir up revolution in such of the sites. It does not take lengthy research and within the Soviet Union itself re­ countries as South Africa., Mozambique and in obscure files to find them, as Mr. East­ pression now approaches the magnitude Angola. State Department documents, reveal vold indicates. that Rhodesia., in particular, has Chinese Should the beauty of a Monet, Renoir or of the Stalin era. and Russian trained guerrillas operating Picasso be denied the view of those who Similarly, Communist China, which from bases in Zambia and Mozambique. love great art and reserved to only the pro­ speaks of an era of new relations with Surprisingly, tiny North Korea is active fessional artists? Should everyone be pun­ the United States, continues its machi­ in terrorist movements around the world. ished for the actions of those who have stolen nations in Asia, Africa, and throughout Both Communist China and North Korea paintings from galleries? Of course not. Nor the underdeveloped world. have provided revolutionary groups with should anyone who loves our Great American Column!.st Jack Anderson points out guerrilla instructors. They have written guerrilla manuals which encourage, among Desert be denied the right to read about that- petroglyphs and perhaps visit a prehistoric other things, political kidnapings. In Africa . . . the Chinese are conducting These manuals have now reached the Indian art site. guerrilla. schools, the Russians a.re training It is our concern that all endangered spe­ United States where extracts have been cies and rare antiquities be protected-and and equipping troops. printed in underground newspapers. they can be. Surely those espousing a just Anderson quotes American Ambassa­ The kidnaping of Patricia. Hearst by the and worthy cause need not resort to untruths Symbionese Liberation Army, for example, dor Robert Yost who reports from Bu­ appears to have been taken right out of a and inuendos in order to interest the citi­ rundi that- zenry. To do so, leaves doubt and arouses Chinese text. The manual even suggests that deep concern about their motives. Good is not Tha.t country has moved closer to the Arabs the kidnap victim should be ransomed for attained through evil. and Chinese and, to a. much lesser extent, food to feed the poor. There is a. movement underway to close the the Soviets . . . A substantial number of In the Mideast, Soviet and American diplo­ Desert to all recreationists except the back­ Burundi military officers are now being mats ostensibly a.re cooperating to bring packer and hiker. We urge Desert's readers trained ... 30 in the Soviet Union. peace. But the detente apparently doesn't extend to the subterranean level. Intelligence to be on guard and resist such actions. Do Throughout Africa, reports Anderson: not be fooled into relinquishment of the en­ reports warn that the Soviets believe Secre­ The scenario is the same: the Chinese, tary of State Henry Kissinger is trying to joyment and use of Your Public Lands by Russians and Arabs train and equip friendly those who would take away our birthright diminish their influence in the Arab World. troops or insurgents . . . In Guinea and They reportedly are working behind his back, under the pretense of "protecting the des­ Tanzania., for example, the Chinese are con­ ert." Keep informed. Write your Congressman therefore, to belittle his efforts. ducting guerrilla. schools. The graduates are The U.S. and Russia. also support opposite and Senators. Save the desert land for all of supplied with arms and ammunition to stir us who love, but don't abuse it.-JERRY and sides in the unpublicized struggle over up revolution in such countries as South Oman, which controls the entrance to the MARY FRANCES STRONG. Africa_, Mozambique, and Angola. ... strategic Persian Gulf. Most of the Mideast Following is the important column by oil, the economic lifeblood of the West, must flow pa.st Oman. The U.S. is working behind Jack Anderson which appeared in the the scenes to bolster the reigning sheikh­ CONNIE SZERSZEN Washington Post of March 24, 1974: dom; the Soviets would like to establish a. SECRET AGENT DIPLOMACY Kremlin-controlled government in Oman. HON. JOHN C. KLUCZYNSKI (By Jack Anderson) In Iraq, the tables a.re turned. The Soviets The world of diplomacy like the moon support government troops in their cam­ OF n.LINOIS has its hidden side where intelligence opera­ paign to quell the fierce Kurdish tribesmen IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tives and a.gents provaca.teur cavort in the in their rugged mountains. The U.S. has used Wednesday, July 3, 1974 half light. its Mideastern ally, Iran, as a. front to supply We have had access to the la.test secret in­ military aid to both the Sheik of Oman and Mr. KLUCZYNSKI. Mr. Speaker, there telligence reports which provide fleeting the Kurdish rebels. is nothing nicer in the whole world or glimpses into this shadowy, subterranean Our intelligence report from Iraq warns nothing better in the whole world than world. ominously that the Iraqi troops a.re now get­ music, unless, perhaps, it is the glory of Behind the cordial handshakes and cock­ ting chemical warfare training from the So­ tail parties of detente, the reports reveal, viets and may use Soviet-supplied gas to a lovely woman. We are blessed with the route the Kurds from their mountain hide­ perfect combination in the person of the power struggle rages on. In Africa., for instance, the Chinese are conducting guer­ outs. Connie Szerszen, who has blended all the rilla schools, the Russians are training and In Southeast Asia., Burma. has become the loveliness in one magnificent package for equipping troops, the Arabs a.re supplying latest theater of two-faced diplomacy. China the radio audience of greater Chicago on arms and the Americans are wheeling and and Burma. resumed diploma.tic ties just station WIND. Her charm, her voice, her dealing. three years ago. Yet Chinese troops have been manner, and the knowledge of her sub­ American Ambassador Robert Yost reports filtering a.cross the border into the misty ject have rendered her the darling of the from Burundi that President Micombero mountains and deep gorges of northern airwaves for many thousands of her de­ "suspects the Chinese and has great dislike Burma. voted fans, of whom I happen to be one for the Russians." Nevertheless, Yost says, They have joined forces with insurgents, Burundi has "moved closer to the Arabs and known as "white fiag" Communists, in at­ of the outstanding examples. It is a great Chinese and, to a much lesser extent, the tacking settlements in the remote highlands. pleasure for me to wish her a very happy Soviets. One intelligence report estimates that 10,000 birthday this July 3. Perhaps we can "A substantial number of Burundi mili­ Chinese troops, led by Peking-trained guer­ account for her success because at long tary officers are now being trained" in Com­ rilla officers, are now operating inside Burma. last we have a disc jockey whose voice is munist and Arab countries, he asserts. These But in Rangoon and Peking, the Burmese as pleasurable to listen to as the records include "30 in the Soviet Union, 60 in Algeria, and Chinese leaders still clink their cocktail she plays. 10 in Egypt, that we a.re aware of." glasses and engage in cordial chitchat. July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22209 Throughout the netherworld, meanwhile, the Nixon administration apologists who are neglect"-neglect, he says, that "should secret agents specialize in torrid boudoir bent on making good the appearance of the never occur in any hospital." romance, violent death on fog-sheathed wa­ president as he exchanges toasts with the One patient was Samuel McArthur, 24, who terfronts, low treachery and high courage. Red masters. That kind of interference is died Jan. 22, after an overdose of medication. okay by Nixon. McArthur died in a coma, DeSole says, after Another point made by the advocates Mr. Nixon and Secretary of State Henry he "was denied even basic coma treatment of our current detente policy is that it is Kissinger have consistently refused to com­ for hours." improper for us to challenge Soviet per­ ment on the plight of the suffering peo­ The other patient was Moses Richardson, secution of religious and political dissi­ ples-particularly the persecuted individ­ 32, who died Feb. 7 after abdominal surgery dents, or the denial of basic human rights uals-inside the Russian regime while they performed at Mattea wan after DeSole had to citizens wishing to leave the country, try to secure diplomatic and trade promises treated him-surgery, DeSole says, that that will infallibly be broken anyway. "should never have been performed if proper because to do so is an "interference" in If there was any kind of message in the medical procedures were followed," surgery of the "internal" affairs of the Soviet Union. saga of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, it is that the a serious type that the State Department of The fact is that the Soviet Union has kind of shallow agreements summit diploma­ Correction says it had banned from all cor­ signed such international agreements as cy will bring will be negligible without any rectional facilities "as a matter of policy." the Atlantic Charter and the Declaration kind of moral considerations behind them. "I treated McArthur the night he died," of Human Rights of the United Nations Those considerations require, and require DeSole said. "I was filling in on the hospital pledging itself to adhere to certain hu­ absolutely, that Brezhnev and company take ward on the evening shift and when I got mane standards. It has repeatedly vio­ the jackpot off the faces of the Russian there I found that McArthur had been there people. since early morning." lated these standards. To demand that Department of Correction officials con­ the Soviet Union fulfill its international firmed that McArthur had been discovered commitments is hardly an "interference" PRISONERS' RIGHTS ABRIDGED AT that morning (Jan. 22) after he had taken in "internal" matters. MATTEAWAN an overdose of drugs saved from his normal Discussing this aspect of our detente medication. They confirmed also that DeSole debate, Kenneth Grubbs, editor of the had treated him, starting at 6 p.m. and con­ editorial page of the Anaheim, Calif., HON. HERMAN BADILLO tinuing until he died at 9 p.m. Bulletin, puts the question this way: "When I first saw McArthur he still hadn't OF NEW YORK been placed on the critical list." DeSole said. How would we like it, the president asks, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "And, worst of all, he hadn't even been given if the Russians interfered in the politics of, Wednesday, July 3, 1974 basic coma care all day. say, Detroit ... In fact, the Russians have "I placed him on the critical list." DeSole already intervened in U.S. affairs to a large Mr. BADILLO. Mr. Speaker, yesterday said, "and then started coma treatment, the extent. One of the most poignant memories is, I called to our colleagues' attention the basic things like turning him regularly and of course, our wheat crop, a large portion of keeping his eyes moist, things he hadn't re­ which was shipped off to Russia at the ex­ deplorable conditions which prevail at the Matteawan State Hospital, New ceived all day long. pense of shoppers in Detroit . . . This week, "I had hoped he would improve," DeSole the Soviet Communist party chief, Leonid York's only correctional institution for added, "so I could get him to the Albany Brezhnev, strongly chastized American crit­ the care and treatment of those judged Medical Center, where he could be placed on ics of President Nixon's forthcoming summit to be criminally insane. The series of arti­ an artificial kidney. He might have survived meeting. He branded them as "pessimistic" cles appearing in the New York Daily if we could have done that. He might have and generally against the better interests of News on conditions at Matteawan cer­ survived if he had received proper care earl­ mankind. If that kind of statement ... is ier. But at 9 p.m. he convulsed and died." not interference in American partisan poli­ tainly highlight the need for prompt and tics, we don't know what is. affirmative action on measures defining Asked if the lack of medical care consti­ and guaranteeing the rights of men and tuted neglect in his opinion, DeSole said: I wish to share the editorial, "Interfer­ "You're damn right it did. If I was in pri­ women who are incarcerated in penal vate practice and failed to provide that care, ence," which appeared in the Anaheim institutions throughout the Nation. Bulletin of June 20, 1974, with my col­ I could be sued. And I damn well should be Although New York State Corrections sued if I did that." leagues and insert it into the RECORD at Commissioner Peter Preiser has indicated Moses Richardson was treated by DeSole this time: that he will investigate conditions at three days before he died after surgery at INTERFERENCE Matteawan which have apparently led to Matteawan. One of the canned answers the admin­ the deaths of some inmates and the mis­ "He (Richardson) had an intestinal block­ istration employs against American critics age," DeSole said, •'His abdomen was dis­ of detente with the Soviet Union has been treatment of others, it seems to me that it would be more fruitful to have an in­ tended to several times its normal size. I in­ refuted by the Kremlin itself. serted a tube and took out several quarts of U.S. critics would have this nation require dependent inspection of the policies, cor­ fluid,'' DeSole said, explaining that he even humane treatment of Soviet citizens-among rections practices, and personnel at that had to send to a private hospital for the tube, them the Jewry, the intellectuals and the facility. I believe it would be particularly "because we didn't even have that basic piece religious flgures--before we begin diplomatic appropriate for the crime and correction of medical equipment at Matteawan." bargaining with their bosses. But the White committee of the New York State Senate DeSole explained that decompression was House unfailingly replies that we cannot ex­ a basic medical procedure used to relieve in­ pect to act as such a moral force because and the Assembly's Subcommittee on Correctional Review and Penal Institu­ testinal blockages, and one that had to be we would not like it if the U.S.S.R. "inter­ continued for seven to 10 days "in severe fered with our own internal affairs." tions to undertake thorough examina­ cases like Richardson," to allow the swollen How would we like it, the president asks, tions of conditions at Matteawan with intestines to retract and thereby allow sur­ if the Russians interfered in the politics of, a view toward having appropriate correc­ gery to be performed safely. say, Detroit or (good heavens) Anaheim? tive action taken and to prevent a repeti­ KNOWS ABOUT DECOMPRESSION That is a de·bating point, maybe, but it begs tion of such incidents at other correc­ an important question. In fact the Russians "I ordered the decompression to continue," have already intervened in U.S. affairs to a tional facilities in New York. DeSole said. "I'm an internist and I know large e:ictent. One of the most poignant mem­ I submit herewith, for inclusion in the decompression has to be continued in a case ories is, of course, our wheat crop, a large RECORD, another article in the New York like Richardson's for at least seven to 10 days portion of which was shipped off to Russia Daily News series on conditions at before surgery can be performed safely. But at the expense of shoppers in Detroit and Matteawan: hell, even a third-year medical student knows (good heavens) Anaheim. that," he added. Doc CALLS NEGLECT A MATTEAWAN KILLER Indeed, there are several ways in which On the day Richardson died (Feb. 7) , De­ the Russians interrupt the wellbeing of (By William Heffernan) Sole said he arrived at the hospital and learn­ America. Death at Mattea.wan State Hospital comes ed that an outside consultant had been called This week the Soviet Communist party in many forms, but, according to one phy­ in to operate on the patient. chief, Leonid Brezhnev, strongly chastized sician who worked there, the most unaccept­ "I couldn't believe it," DeSole said. "He the American critics of President Nixon's able of all is the death of a patient as a result (Richardson) didn't have a chance without forthcoming summit meeting with him in of "total neglect." proper decompression. He would simply go Moscow. He branded them as "pessimistic" Dr. Daniel DeSole recently submitted his into shock and die." and generally against the better interests of resignation as a staff psychiatrist and physi­ DeSole said he went to the superintend­ mankind. cian at that hospital, New York State's only ent's office (Dr. Paul Agnew, who was forced If that kind of statement, coming as it correctional facility for the care and treat­ to resign May 9) and asked him to stop the does from the Russian despot, is not inter­ ment of the criminally insane. operation. ference in American partisan politics, we do In recent months at Matteawan, DeSole "But just as I was explaining it to him, his not know what is. Yet it will be ignored by saw two patients die "through pure, simple telephone rang and they told him Richardson 22210 EXTENSIONS OF R.£MARKS July 3, 1974 had died. In my medical opinion, that opera­ who favored impeachment, 33 percent did manded by the Congress in 1778 to orga­ tion should never have been performed," De­ vote for President Nixon; 60 percent did not, nize an independent cavalry corps to fight Sole said. and 7 percent did not answer the vote ques­ tion. Of those who said they voted for Presi­ in the Revolution. General Pulaski fought NO SURGERY WAS NOTED valiantly in the Battles of Brandywine According to records of the State Correc­ dent Nixon, 28 percent favored impeachment; 67 percent were against impeachment, and 5 and Germantown and died def ending the tion Commission's Medical Review Board, right of the American people to be free Richardson died from "acute heart failure." percent were undecided. Those records fail to note that death followed 3. Do you feel you have lost confidence in: in 1779 at the Battle of Charleston. surgery, however. a. The Congress-yes, 54 percent; no, 26 On the eve of our own Independence Agnew and officials of the State Depart­ percent; undecided, 20 percent. Day, the remarks of Count Sokolnicki ment of Correction say that Richardson's b. The President--yes, 62 percent; no, 24 and the plight of the freedom-loving death occurred in the hospital's recovery percent; undecided, 14 percent. Polish people takes on a new significance room, immediately after surgery. c. Government in general-yes, 61 percent; no, 27 percent; undecided, 12 percent. and urgency for all Americans. As we State Correction Commissioner Peter Fre­ celebrate the Fourth of July, let us re­ iser said he had doubts about any accusations 4. To control the economy are you in favor made by DeSole, describing him as "someone of: a. wage, price and profit controls, 46 per­ member the Polish fight for independ­ who caused trouble," and as irresponsible. cent; b. law of supply and demand, 44 per­ ence and the men who are so coura­ Preiser carried the point one step further, cent; and 2 percent indicated both; 8 per­ geously leading that fight. however, by disclosing that Agnew had been cent were undecided. REMARKS BY COUNT S OKOLNICKI 5. With regard to nuclear power plants, do advised verbally that major surgery, such as The Honorable members of the United performed on Richardson, was not to be per­ you feel: a. nuclear power plant construction should be expedited, 33 percent; b. nuclear States Congress, Distinguished guests, Ladies formed in any department facility. and Gentlemen. "Minor surgery or emergency surgery was power plants should be banned, 7 percent; c. more public information should be made I would like to assure you that I consider allowed," Preiser said, adding that Richard­ this a great honor to be able to speak to son's case did not fall within either category. available, 46 percent; 9 percent checked both a. and c.; 1 percent checked both b. and c.; you today here in the United States. "NEVER TOLD," AGNEW SAYS 4 percent were undecided. This perhaps, because I am the first Presi­ "Agnew had been advised of that," Freiser 6. Do you feel abortion should be: a . il­ dent of the Commonwealth of Poland in the said, "and he should have known it was legal, 18 percent; b. a decision to be made history of both our countries who has the against policy." solely by a woman and her doctor, 55 per­ privilege of visiting the United States of Agnew, however, denied that he had ever cent; c. legal but with limitations, 23 per­ America. been advised that major surgery was against cent; d. undecided, 4 percent. There are three main reasons why I have departmental policy. "I was never told that," 7 . Should the U.S. oil industry be national­ decided to come here together with some he said. ized? Yes, 42 percent; no, 47 percent; un­ members of my cabinet. First, I am here to The former superintendent said he received decided, 11 percent. pay the respect to all those American women a letter stating that policy after the Richard­ 8. Do you favor a law that would prohibit and men who, shoulder-to-shoulder with son death says Freiser: "Because we were so the issuance of food stamps to families of the Polish people, fought in both World Wars distressed over the Richardson death, we im­ striking workers? Yes, 52 percent; no, 43 per­ for our independence. Many of them were mediately repeated the order in writing." cent; undecided, 5 percent. killed and their blood has cemented the Pol­ Agnew said he had "no personal medical 9. Should the Federal Government fi­ ish-American friendship in an undestructable knowledge" about the circumstances sur­ nance: a. Presidential elections-yes, 41 per­ way. rounding Richardson's death. cent; no, 51 percent; undecided, 8 percent. We can say that the history of both our "I was advised surgery was needed and I b. Congressional elections-yes, 36 percent; countries are similar and our past was inter­ authorized it," he said. no, 52 percent; undecided, 12 percent. woven many times. The volunteers of our The former superintendent said he could 10. Do you think New York State's strict country fought for American Independence not recall the name of the surgeon involved. drug control law should be imposed nation­ like Gen. Pulaski, Gen. Kosciuszko and others. ally? Yes, 79 percent; no, 14 percent; un­ Also, the millions of those of our people, decided, 7 percent. who in the days of persecution found a new 11. Should imports of foreign goods be fatherland here in America, have strength­ 1974 QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS banned to protect domestic industries? Yes, ened our relations to an extent unknown in 39 percent; no, 52 percent; undecided, 9 per­ the history of nations. cent. The second reason which brought me here 12. Do you believe in capital punishment? is the wish to outline the goals of our new HON. HENRY P. SMITH III Yes, 74 percent; no, 19 percent; undecided, Government, as it is usual between two OF NEW YORK 7 percent. friends. As you know, despite the holocaust of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Second World War, despite the six million Wednesday, July 3, 1974 Polish citizens killed while fighting the Ger­ POLISH INDEPENDENCE AND THE man and Soviet Russian occupants, Poland Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, FOURTH OF JULY did not regain the total independence but over 30,000 voters in the 36th Congres­ was left enslaved under the Soviet Russian sional District have responded to my 1974 imperialism. questionnaire. The bulk of the replies HON. JOHN M. MURPHY A mockery has been made of the Atlantic were received in late April and early May. OF NEW YORK Charter of Nations, which spells very clearly I would like to share the results with my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that every nation has the unlimited right to possess a freely elected Government and to colleagues : Wednesday, July 3, 1974 choose its own way of life. RESULTS OF POLL The well intentioned agreement signed in 1. How has the energy crisis affected your Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. Yalta between President Roosevelt and Stalin home? Speaker, I would like to submit to the was as usual violated by the Red rulers from a. Cutting down home heat, 43 percent. RECORD the remarks of the President in Moscow. In other words, the Soviets did not b. Conserving electricity, 34 percent. Exile Of the Commonwealth of Poland, live up to the promises made to President c. Rise in energy cost, 47 percent. the honorable Count Juliusz Nowina Roosevelt; as for us, we have to continue our d. Traveling less, 37 percent. Sokolnicki. These remarks were delivered uncompromised fight until our count ry will e. Gasoline shortage, 25 percent. be free from foreign occupation and a Quis­ f. Buying products on basis of low energy at a reception honoring the President and the members of his Cabinet. ling type of Government. I sincerely hope consumption, 8 percent. that you my friends will understand this bet­ g. Using mass transit or carpooling, 7 per- Count Sokolnicki represents those ter than any other nation in the World, be­ cent. Polish people who, because of their in­ cause you have been placed in the past in h. Less overtime, 6 percent. tense desire for self-determination and the position to carry out unwanted wars in 1. Business or job loss, 5 percent. their unfaltering dedication to the cause order to defend all these ideas that have j. No shortages/ no effects, 2 percent. of freedom, have joined together in an value for you. 2. Would you vote to impeach the Presi­ effort to eradicate the constant threat For thirty years, we have been following dent? Yes, 48 percent; no, 46 percent; and of Soviet imperialism. These Polish peo­ the orders of our past leaders in Exile to undecided, 6 percent. ples' struggle for independence has, in refrain from violent methods in order to free our country. In the meantime, however, and Mr. Speaker, the questionnaire also in­ many ways, paralleled our own. Indeed, unfortunately for us, we have been alerted cluded the optional que~tion. during the American Revolution many too late by unpleasant facts, that the men Did you vote for Richard Nixon in 1972? Polish people gave their lives for the who have been carrying or should have been A total of 56 percent said yes; 36 percent said cause of freedom. Foremost among these carrying our fight for independence have lost no; 8 percent chose not to answer. Of those was Gen. Casimir Pulaski who was com- their arbility or their freedom of action. Some July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22211 of them because they were broken by tha economical planning our answer is our Eco­ than anything we could possibly print here. time and circumstances, some have given up nomic Mainstay Program which by correct Or broadcast. Or televise. under the pressure of the foreign powers, management should be able to provide the Government control means censorship, any others chose private ambitions and financial Government with revenues which we need way you cut it. And censorship brings doom, gains rather than carrying out our :flight. to fulfill our plans. We need therefore instead no matter how noble the intentions may be The last President August Zaleski empow­ of a voluntary contribution, help and assist­ at the start. ered me to lead the Polish People in their ance which would permit us to put our eco­ For a sample: Name a government officer struggle for Independence as a President nomic program in operation. Such help and of any rank and standing, for any branch of should he die. assistance could have many forms and could government, who you'd like to have as your After his death, following his last will, I be worked out on the basis of shares, credits, picker of what you can read and hear. accepted the nomination and assumed the loans, etc. Besides this, we will need badly It's a dangerous thing, and thank good­ Presidential office. Soon afterward, the new your understanding of the fact that we have ness it's only in the talking and conversation Government was formed under the premier­ formed this Government only because Poland stage. Let's keep it there, where it won't hurt ship of Mr. S. Ursyn-Szantyr with 10 minis­ is not free and the Polish people did not anybody, until we've done a lot of research. ters in the Cabinet. have the opportunity to choose their own Then we'll keep things like they are, free The most important point of this Govern­ way of life through genuine free elections. and unfettered, the only way we can keep ment is formation of a new foreign policy as My appeal therefore is directed to all of you July Fourths out there to celebrate with a realistic part of a modern time, whereby to those who are present and those who are reason. we strongly reject any acts of terror against not here and I sincerely hope that it will innocent people, women and children, as a find the necessary echo. means which can be used to free our coun­ HONORABLE JAMES A. FARLEY try. Our main concern will be given to our CELEBRATES 86TH BIRTHDAY economic plan which has been comprehen­ sively explained in our Polish Mainstay. You OUT ON A LIMB can find this plan printed in our newspaper HON. SAMUELS. STRATTON which has been placed for your disposition OF NEW YORK on the table. Equally important aims of our Government HON. DAWSON MATHIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GEORGIA are to foster good relations with all Western Wednesday, July 3, 1974 countries and to assist our East-Central Eu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ropean neighbors in their fight for independ­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise ence against Soviet Russian imperialism. We to saluate a great American, Hon. will expand our contacts and relations to Mr. MATHIS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, James A. Farley, who recently celebrated our enslaved friends; countries like Hungary, the news industry has undergone much Romania, Czechoslovakia, Cossackia, Ukraine, his 86th birthday. In connection with criticism in the past few years, some war­ that happy occasion, I include with my Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and other nations. ranted and some unwarranted. Because We will, however, not limit ourselves but remarks an article that appeared in the we will consider building a new relation with some elements of our society openly ad­ Albany Times-Union in my district, for new countries in all continents of the world vocate censorship of the news media, I May 30, 1974: as one of the most important objectives. feel an editorial written by one of my OPTIMISTIC ABOUT FUTURE-"GENIAL JIM" We believe that in spite of the fact that constituents, Mr. "Bo" McLeod of Donal­ we are not rich Government backed up by the sonville, Ga., is most appropriate and I FARLEY REACHES 86 resources of a free country, we can bring would like to share it with my col­ (By James Kilgallen) help and assistance to other new and under­ leagues: developed countries, which do not possess NEW YoRK.-James A. Farley, who has had (From the Donalsonville News, Ju~e 27, 1974) cadres of experienced technicians, engineers, two outstanding careers in his lifetime-one businessmen, teachers, professors, etc. be­ OUT ON A LIMB in politics, the other in business--observes cause we believe that our fight for freedom (By Bo McLeod) his 86th birthday today and has no thought of retiring. and independence of Poland includes all Sometimes it seems newspaper folks do the fields of our daily life. We will also pay spe­ "My health is very good and I feel all poorest job of telling their readers about right," said Mr. Farley when I interviewed <:ial attention to the needs of Polish people some of the pitfalls of the trade, poorer than abroad and in Poland. We know that each him in his midtown office where he holds anybody I know. down the position of honorary chairman of Government can establish their own credi­ Like that Florida law that tried to require bility by the people if it is willing and able the board of Coca Cola Export Corporation. a newspaper to give free and equal space to "I enjoy working and meeting people." to listen to the problems and the needs of an official who had been jumped on by the the people and to respond through wise and "Genial Jim" reaches his 86th milestone paper. When you first look at it, and without manifestly disturbed over the apparent loss helpful assistance. We will therefore include much experience at the problem, the average in our economical, social and educational of White House credibility, the revelations citizen seems to say hooray, the mean old of campaign spending in the last presidential assistance plan Polish people in all conti­ newspaper folks ought to have to do it. nents and countries wherever they may live election and the Watergate disclosures. But They go on and agree that all newsfolks his confidence in the American people is no matter what political direction they fol­ ought to have to reveal and publish their low, what kind of religion they believe or unshaken and he predicted once Watergate is financial holdings, papers ought to be sub­ cleared up, the United States will come out what kind of social classes they represent. ject to some kind of government guidelines The seat of our Government will remain as more united than it has been in many years." on what can and cannot be printed, and all In his hey-day in politics in the 1930s in the past on the European continent but kinds of notions. we are welcoming participation through Farley as Democratic National Chairman, I don't fall out with folks when they ex­ visited every state in the Union and served elected representatives from the Polish press such opinions. It's their right, and if groups everywhere in the world if they de­ 7¥2 years as postmaster general in FDR's we're gonna raise sand about our having cabinet. He was often referred to by news­ sire so. I will personally take care that spe­ liberty and freedom, we've gotta do the same cial orders will be issued on this matter. In papermen as "Mr. Politics." for everybody's, and that has to include the After joining Coca Cola in September, 1940, conclusion our Government through the new folks who don't agree with us. There's nothing policy will try to participate in a reconstruc­ he traveled all OV"r the world for the com­ noble or heroic about this, it's all part of the pany and met many noted personalities and tion of the free World, of the future of to­ same package. morrow in which our children and the chil­ people in all walks of life. But I realize many people simply do not I asked Mr. Farley to name the six persons dren to come can live as members of the take the time to think through their opin­ free societies. who impressed him most during his career in ions, if they have any kind of feeling that politics. He replied: Finally, I am coming to the third reason. government control or restrictions of any "Former Mayor James J. Walker, former As a Government in Exile we depend exclus­ sort will do anybody any good. It just ain't Gov. Alfred E. Smith, former Presidents ively on a good will of the people and their that way. Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman and support. On the contrary to a Government I don't know many publications (or radio Lyndon B. Johnson, and former Sen. Carter which governs a nation in their own country or TV stations, for that matter) who abuse Glass of Virginia." we cannot as they could put taxes on the their freedoms so badly that we need some It was Sen. Glass who placed Farley's people's businesses and merchandise, in order more laws. Fact, I can't name one right now. name in nomination for the presidency at to draw our revenues which are needed to But newspeople are no more than human, the Democratic convention in Chicago in cover the usual annual budget. On the other subject to error and mistakes, evidence of 1940. hand we affirmatively reject to follow the old which comes out every day or so. When asked to name the personalities who path and beg for financial assistance. We No matter, government restrictions, wheth­ impressed him most during his extensive believe that every human being and society er in the name of clean minds and speech, travels abroad, he replied: is formed by them should be able to take or in the name of turn about, would be more "This 1s a question not easy to answer. care of themselves through hard work and deadly and fatal for freedom for all of us, However, I do not hesitate to say that in my 22212 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 opinion Pope Pius XII was the greatest per­ LIVESTOCK LOAN ACT dealings both with the beef raisers and the son I ever met. consumers the problem will not be resolved. "Naturally, I was impressed at the oppor­ Most shoppers will resist cuts of any meats tunity I had to meet and talk with Winston which are inflated in price. Churchill, General Franco, Chiang Kai-shek, HON. PETER A. PEYSER Warnings that meat prices will be still and Mussolini who was at the height of his OF NEW YORK higher if the taxpayers do not come to the power in Italy in 1934 and at the time was IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES financial bailout of the beef raisers and their doing a great job for his country." bankers will probably cause housewives to Wednesday, July 3, 1974 invent even more tasty recipes for serving Mr. PEYSER. Mr. Speaker, opposi­ fish, chicken, egg, and cheese-especially cas­ tion continues to grow to the emergency seroles. The term "livestock" is so broad in H.R. UNITED STATES AND CANADIAN livestock loan legislation hastily report­ 15560 that dairy cattlt::, sheep, goats, swine, AGRICULTURE TRADE MUST BE A ed out of the House Agriculture Com­ chickens and turkeys are included with cat­ TWO-WAY STREET mittee last week. I would like to place in tle. The precedent of passing H.R. 15560 the RECORD at this point a letter from could result in taxpayers guaranteeing many another national association, The Fed­ other high interest loans for livestock as HON. JOHNM. ASHBROOK eration of Homemakers, Inc., who are defined by said bill. opposed to this ill-advised legislation. It is this Federation's underst anding that OF OHIO the USDA is purchasing large quantities of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FEDERATION OF HOMEMAKERS, !NC., beef and pork for the school lunch program­ Arlington, Va., July 1, 1974. which should help this problem of disposing Wednesday, July 3, 1974 Re Opposition to H.R. 15560 and S. 3679- of excess quantities of beef. If Canada is per­ Taxpayers' Guarantee of Livestock suaded to purchase USDA certified DES-free Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, trade Loans must be a two-way street. In the past this beef from the U.S. this too will temporarily Hon. PETER A. PEYSER, aid this problem of surplus beef. When tax­ was the case between Canada and the House Longworth Office Bui ldi ng, payers help the beef raisers through USDA United States. Approximately the same Washington, D.C. purchase of excess beef-they should not be amounts of meat, eggs, and turkey were DEAR CONGRESSMAN PEYSER: The officers of asked also to bail out the bankers at current shipped from the United States to can­ this grassroots organization are in accord rates. ada as were shipped from Canada to with your common sense views on the in­ In behalf of its members, this Federation's the United States. Now it appears that effectiveness of H.R. 15560 to help solve the officers have asked me to extend their thanks problems confronting the beef raisers who for your efforts in behalf of all consumers in Canada has effectively banned shipment have withheld their cattle from market­ of U.S. beef north of the border, while opposing H.R. 15560, which would create a hoping for higher prices, but instead. now dangerous precedent. a half-million more pounds of carcass facing losses on over-fat cattle. The Fed­ Sincerely, beef came from Canada to the United eration's approximately 7,000 members RUTH G. DESMOND, States in the first 5 months of 1974 than would also join in opposition to this bailout President. in the same period of 1973. type of legislation-since they endorsed this As group's opposition to the cyclamate compen­ of May 8, 197 4, Canada established sation bills, and recently opposed tax money quotas on shipments from the United for the poultry raisers who had to sacrifice ON THE DEATH OF ALBERTA States of turkeys, turkey parts, eggs, and their Dieldrin contaminated chickens. WILLIAMS KING egg products while apparently dumping This bill (H.R. 15560) appears-as you its own excess on our market. USDA fig­ pointed out at the hearing of the full House HON. JOHN CONYERS, JR. ures show that Canada's hog shipments Agriculture Committee on June 27th-to be OF :M.ICIDGAN to the United SLtes in January-April beneficial mainly for the bankers who will 1974 were three times as great as the be able to re-finance their loans to the cattle IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES same period of 1973. raisers at the current high interest rates, Wednesday, July 3, 1974 knowing their loans will be guaranteed at I believe it is time the United States least 80 % by the taxpayers. The House Bill Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, when the began looking out for the welfare of its has a celling of $2 billion but in conference late Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., was own citizens. This is particularly true with S. 3679-this ceiling could be deleted assassinated, we mourned our loss but we when our industry is under severe ad­ by the conferees-also the loans could be could take some comfort in the knowl­ ve1·se economic pressure. I believe it is extended for a longer period than specified edge tba.t he died in the service of the time the United States showed other na­ by the House legislation. cause to which he had devoted his life. tions that they cannot arbitrarily move This emergency, bailout legislation has In a sense, the murder this week of his to restrict the flow of our goods without the taxpayers furnishing loan guarantees up to 80% but no promise, let alone a guaran­ mother, Alberta Williams King, is even reprisal. tee, that the marketplace prices of beef for more tragic because it was so senseless. The President bas authol'ity under sec­ consumers will be lower. It would appear We are left only with a sense of empti­ tion 252 of the Trade Expansion Act to this emergency financing might keep beef ness and a conviction that something place restrictions on shipments of Cana­ prices high for the harassed housewives. Un­ must be done to prevent such acts of dian agricultural products to the United less the facts are faced squarely regarding horror. States. Those restrictions should be this unhappy state of both beef producers Mrs. King was loved and respected by equally severe as those Canada has and consumers and resolved the taxpayers all who knew her as a woman of devotion placed on our products. can anticipate more bailouts of said cattle raisers. If the processors and the chain and reverence, deep1Y committed to the U.S. trade policy must be determined stores do not share their profits with the work of her husband and her late son. by the interests of this country. Our ranchers and feedlot owners-then the con­ The ideals which she and her husband trade policy should work for the benefit sumers will have to pay the high store prices took as their inspiration were shared un­ of the people of the United States. Too for beef or forego it-as many are doing selfishly and universally, and breathed often our trade policies have seemed to today. with familial love into the heart and soul work against our own fariners, workers, The Washington Post for July 1, 1974 of Martin Luther King, Jr. How bard it and businesses. (Food Section, pgs. El and E2) carries an is to comprehend that such violent trag­ The United States has long been a sup­ article "Battling the Budget" by Mary edy should befall a family so dedicated to Knight of the Christian Science Monitor porter of reciprocal lowering of trade of a survey of California housewives who are peace. baniers. Other count1ies must learn that watching their food budgets carefully. This I hope that Mrs. King's death em­ the United States will not continue to al­ informal survey indicates that most of them phasizes to all of us the need to complete low favorable trade treatment to them buy roasts only for entertaining or special the work to which her family has been if they do not off er the same benefits to occasions. These California homemakers are devoted. It is a challenge to put aside this country. Be it Canada, Japan, or the serving fish and chicken regularly and also our differences and improve the quality common Market countries, trade must supplementing with egg and cheese dishes. of life for people everywhere. We, then, Chopped beef is substituted for steaks and are left to transfo1·m the life-giving and be a two-way street in agricultural and roasts. This has become a way of eating industrial commodities. The United for these housewives and their families fo'r life-taking dreams of the King family States must not be expected to continue more than a year. This survey indicates that into reality. Mrs. Alberta. Williams King giving trade benefits to countries which until the processors and the huge supermar­ has completed her work. We are left to refuse to reciprocate. ket s are willing to be reasonable in their do ours. July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF ·R·EMARKS 22213 BARSKY CLINIC HELPS VIETNAM­ There are many badly burned children, but REPRESENTATIVE CRAIG HOSMER'S SECRET CAM­ ESE CHILDREN hardly any were burned by napalm; people PAIGN PLAN TO FORWARD PASSAGE OF SUR­ hit by napalm rarely live to be treated, doc­ FACE COAL MINING LEGISLATION WHICH EN­ tors say. FORCES STRICT RECLAMATION OF MINED LAND HON. LEE H. HAMILTON Mrs. Nguyen Thi Hoa is a survivor of a TO ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE STAND­ napalm attack, but the napalm never struck ARDS WHILE AT THE SAME TIME FACILITAT­ OF INDIANA her directly; it was dropped on her village ING THE SURFACE MINING OF ENOUGH COAL IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES after Vietcong troops came into the area, she To SATISFY U.S. ENERGY REQUmEMENTs Wednesday, July 3, 1974 recalled, and it set fire to her thatched house. OVERALL OBJECTIVE "My whole family was in the bunker," she Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would said. "Suddenly the house was on fire. Three Enactment this year of legislation to as­ like to bring to my colleagues' attention of the five in my family died; my father and sure that coal is surface mined pursuant to I ran away, but the fire caught us." good conservation practices and thereafter an article on the Center for Plastic and the land is restored promptly to as good Reconstructive Surgery in Saigon that She is now getting skin grafts on her or better condition than before, while, at appeared in the June 30, 1974, New York hands, feet and face. the same time, assuring that the nation's Times. This clinic, founded several years BURNS TRACED TO HOMES expanding needs for surfaced mined coal are ago by Dr.· Arthur Barsky, specializes in Joyce M. Horn, a _nurse and 'the adminis­ fully met. trator of the Barsky unit, calculates that This objective is to be ach!eved by de­ the treatment of burns and is the most most of the burns are from domestic acci­ feating the unbalanced and defective bill H.R. complete facility of its kind in all of dents-kerosene lamps and stoves, charcoal 11500 and substituting the bill H.R. 12898. South Vietnam. Operated with financial fires, boiling water-all made more common LEGISLATIVE SITUATION assistance from the U.S. Agency for In­ by the crowding of children into tiny rooms, ternational Development and the South the lack of electricity, the practice of cooking (A) The writing of H.R. 11500 and its Sen­ in areas where children play. ate companion S. 425 was dominated by leg­ Vietnamese Ministry of Health, as well islators and staff whose primary concerns are as from private contributors, it is, as the Furthermore, Miss Horn observes, the Bar­ environmental. As a consequence these bills article points out, "one of the few posi­ sky unit expends a good deal of effort un­ are heavily overweighted with environmental tive legacies of the war." It meets a medi­ doing damage that could have been avoided concerns and drastically neglect the need for in the first place with proper medical treat­ energy, and equal concern. cal need that cannot be fulfilled else­ ment-particularly, separating badly burned where in that country, and is an excel­ Note: The Interior Department and FEO limbs and fingers that have been allowed to e3timate that H.R. 11500 would unneces­ lent example of the type of humanitarian grow together or attach themselves to other sarily preclude production of up to almost service that the United States is well-ad­ parts of the body as they have healed. two-thirds of all this country's surface min­ vised to associate itself with. The unit trains Vietnamese personnel, and ed coal-almost one-third of all its coal. The article follows : it has provided residency for young doctors. The effect of this bill on the economy and [From the New York Times, June 30, 1974) Four have graduated so far as full-fledged upon employment nationwide would be dis­ plastic surgeons; two others were called into astrous. SAIGON'S PLASTIC SURGERY CLINIC Is A BUSY the army before they could finish their HAVEN FOR THE INJURED VIETNAMESE (B) The substitute bill H.R. 12898 was courses. drafted specifically to achieve the overall ob­ (By David K. Shipler) The Brrsky unit's patients are not cheer­ jectives specified above by giving measured SAIGON, SOUTH VIETNAM, .June 29-The 10- less. In the wards, there are easy smiles and and equal respect to ·both environmental year-old boy with the melancholy eyes is bursts of laughter. They are more comfort­ and energy ethics. When full Interior Com­ Phan Thanh Anh. He was swinging a knife able here, Miss Horn says, than outside, where mittee markup began a move to substitute through long green elephant grass, cleal'ing they are often stared at and ridiculed. "They it for H.R. 11500 as the markup vehicle lost some new land for farming, when something come to the Barsky unit, where all of a sud­ by only one vote. (20 to 19). exploded and blew all the fingers off his left den they're normal, and they don't want to OVERALL STRATEGY hand. go home," she says. Doan Van Hung, 12, fell asleep as he was The Barsky unit gets 21 per cent of its op­ (A ) Rules Committee: studying by the light of a kerosene lamp, erating funds from the United States Agency 1. Get H.R. 11500 referred back to Interior knocking the lamp over and setting himst)lf for International Development and most of and Insular Affairs Committee for reforma­ on fire. Inadequate medical care and terrible the remainder from the South Vietnamese tion or substitution of H.R. 12898. scars have left his elbow stiff and his neck Ministry of Health. But it needs more. 2. Failing the above, insist on rule making substitution of H.R. 12898 in order and up to partly immobilized. Dr. Barsky, who visited Saigon recently, re­ On Muoi is now 31. As a child, she was at­ 12 hours general debate upon this extremely marked: "More thought seems to be given to controversial measure. tacked by a potent and common gangrene destruction than to preservation-certainly called noma, which in the course of a few more money is spent." (B) House Floor: weeks ate away whole sections of her face, l. Try to substitute H.R. 12898. If success­ destroying her upper lip and nose, twisting ful- her features into monstrous shapes. (a) Offer amendments as required to per­ fect it; RECONSTRUCTION OF PEOPLE SECRET EYES-ONLY PLAN TO PUSH (b) Resist crippling amendments by H .R. These three are victims not only of war but H.R. 12898 AND BURY H.R. 11500 11500 adherents. of poverty, and of accident, chance or care­ IS COMPROMISED IN PARTS NOW lessness. They are all patients in a Vietnam­ 2. If H.R. 11500 remains the vehicle- ese and American-funded medical center for REVEALED TO ALL ( a) Insist upon adequate discussion of plastic surgery, one of the few places in ALL its defects, including wholesale loss of South Vietnam where reconstruction is ac­ jobs, disruption of business, etc.; tually going on. This is the reconstruction of HON. CRAIG HOSMER (b) Seek to amend it in the 12 basic areas bodies. OF CALIFORNIA which are absolutely necessary to avoid crip­ Formally, the clinic is called the Center pling the nation's economy as a result of a for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, but IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES drastic shortage of domestic mined coal, but everyone knows it as the Barsky unit, after Wednesday, July 3, 1974 making sure to preserve proper environmen­ its founder, Dr. Arthur J. Barsky, an Ameri­ tal safeguard; can plastic surgeon who is now professor Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, it seems (c) Move to recommit without instruc­ emeritus at the Albert Einstein College of no one can keep a secret any longer in tions; Medicine in New York. Washington. Oh, the pity of it some are (d) Defeat the bill by vote of a majority During the height of the war in the nine­ saying. which Will fairly respect both environmental teen-sixties, Dr. Barsky and a lawyer, Even parts of my secret plan in con­ and energy ethics. Thomas R. Miller, were so moved by reports of war injuries to Vietnamese children that nection with the surface coal mining (C) Conference with Senate: they established an organization called Chil­ regulation bills have been compromised. Doggedly insist upon a balanced bill or no dren's Medical Relief International, which Set forth below are the compromised bill. If that fails, rely sustaining of veto, created the Barsky unit with the help of Fed­ portions so all will know, not just a which is certain to follow. eral grants. few. None of the appendixes are com­ Appendices attached to this campaign plan The clinic is one of the few positive lega­ promised at this point, I think. So I am Appendix (A)-Surface Mining Bill Cam­ cies of the war. Only about 20 per cent of its not revealing them at this time for the paign Organization. patients now are military-injury cases; the RECORD. If somebody steals any of them, rest are victims of diseases that began Appendix (B)-Surface Mining Bill Intel­ throughout most of Asia long before the and I find out about it, I will ask unani­ ligence Plan. war-and will probably continue long after­ mous consent that they appear in subse­ Appendix (C)-Surface Mining Bill Com­ and accidents. quent issues of the RECORD, too: munications Plan. 22214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS · July S, 1974· BILL TO STRENGTHEN INVESTI­ Committees, as presently, have a major­ 6 .. Would you favor continued. military . GATIVE ROLE OF CONGRESS ity of members from the party not in aid to South Vietnam? control of the White House the Congress Ye3 ------17.4 can be expected to exercise with full ef­ No ------..:------70. 0 HON. PAUL FINDLEY Undecided. ------10. 3 fect its constitutional responsibility. No response______2. 3 OF ILLINOIS The resolution I am introducing today Ii'T THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will help preserve the integrity of the 7. Would you favor a national program to to provide health insurance for all Americans? Wednesday, July 3, 1974 governmental system for future genera­ tions. Yes------66.3 Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, the cor­ No ------22.9 Unde~ided ------8. 4 nerstone of our form of government is No re:oponse ______· ____ 2. 3 the delicate system of checks and bal­ CONGRESSMAN HAMILTON FISH, JR. ances which the Founding Fathers es­ 8. Would you favor partial payment of ANNOUNCES RESULTS OF 1974 Social Security taxes from public funds? tablished when they wrote the Constitu­ NEW YORK 25TH DISTRICT OPIN­ tion. They were not satisfied with just Yes------35.4 ION POLL No ------39.7 providing for a popularly elected Con­ Undecided------19. 6 gress. To curb excessive and abusive No response------5.3 power, the constitutional framers divided the Government into three separate, co­ HON. HAMILTON FISH, JR. 9. Would you favor relaxing Clean Air Act equal branches-the legislative, execu­ OF NEW YORK Standards to conserve oil? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Yes------38.0 tive, and judicial. Each branch was given No------51.0 some responsibility to oversee the proper Wednesday, July 3, 1974 UndecidedNo re3ponse ------______8.3.0 0 functioning of the others. Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, the results of Thus, the judiciary may declare acts my sixth annual questionnaire have been 10. ·would you favor Vietnam era draft of Congress unconstitutional and pass tabulated. I am pleased to share the evaders receiving: (a) no amnesty-34.3% judgment upon the conduct of executive opinions of my constituents with my col­ (b) conditional amnesty with alternative officials. service-44.8% (c) total amnesty-18.3% leagues on 11 critical issues presently No response-2.6 % The President may appoint judges and confronting the Congress and the Ame1·­ veto bills passed by the House and Sen­ ican people. 11. Do you think President Nixon should: ate. (a) remain in office-31.2% (b) resign- The questionnaire was sent in May to 23.7 % (c) be impeached and tried in the And the Congress may revise the laws, every household in my district--168,000, Senate-38.8% No response-6.3% make drastic changes in the make-up and within less than a month's time, we and character of the other coequal had received more than 17,000 replies. branches of the Government, and pro­ Since the forms allowed three responses ORGANIZED CRIME MUSCLES IN ON vide or withdraw salaries from executive per household, we actually 1·eceived over STATE LOTI'ERY OPERATIONS and judicial officials. 41,000 opinions. The system works fairly well. Despite The questionnaire, of necessity, only the seemingly inordinate delay in re­ provided space for a response to the HON. STEWART B. McKINNEY solving the events which have brought question asked. However, many consti­ OF CONNECTICUT forth the impeachment investigation, I tuents took the time to send me addi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES believe that the value of the checks-and­ tional thoughtful comments on the is­ balances system is demonstrated by the sues presented in the questionnaire as Wednesday, July 3, 1974 inquiry into Executive conduct presently well as issues which were not included. Mr. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, dwing being conducted by the House Judiciary These additional views I have also read the next week, I will be calling upon Committee and the Senate Watergate with great interest. my colleagues to cosponsor legislation I Committee. Following are the tabulated results of have introduced relating to the gross When Congress is controlled by a party my annual congressional questionnaire: receipts of State lottery revenues. As you other than that in the White House, the [In percent] know, the Internal Revenue Service has committees can be relied upon to keep 1. Would you fa.vor a. constitutional amend­ indicated that it intends to rule in the an ever-vigilant eye upon Executive be­ ment prohibiting abortion? near future on the interpretation of a havior. Yes------21.1 10-year-old statute which would require However, when the party in control of States operating lotteries to pay a 10 per­ the Congress has one of its own in the No------70.7 UndecidedNo response ______------2.26. 0 cent excise tax on gross receipts. In a White House, as has occurred frequently word, this is outrageous and the bill I in the past, the system of checks and bal­ 2. Would you fa.vor control over grain ex­ have introduced would wipe this statute ances may be ineffective or may break ports to foreign nations? off the books. It seems to me that imple­ down completely. It is normal for mem­ Yes------86.4 mentation of a ruling of this type only bers of a political party to avoid washing No ------7.3 penalizes States which are making an their own linen for all to see. Undecided. ------3. 8 effort to raise revenues and hold down For this reason, I am today introduc­ No response------2.5 general taxes. ing a resolution providing that the Com­ 3. Would you favor increased regulation of This, however, is not the only bill I mittees on Government Operations of public utilities? have introduced which relates to State the House and Senate always have a Yes------70.9 lotteries. Earlier, I proposed legislation chairman and a majority of members No------17.1 which would exempt State lottery win­ from the party which does not control UndecidedNo response ------______8.3.8 2 nings from individual Federal income tax the White House. payments. Under the rules of both Houses, the 4. Would you fa.vor ending the depletion In the past, I have stated a number of Government Operations Committees are allowance and increasing taxes of oil com­ reasons which I feel add credence and charged with the primary responsibility panies? validity to the enactment of this bill but, Yes------77.2 for Executive oversight. In effect, these No------11.7 at this time, I would like to reemphasize committees hold the check-reins of Gov­ Undecided ------7. 4 just one point, for it is particularly note­ ernment. These reins may become se­ No response ______3.7 worthy today. verely slackened or dropped completely 5. Would you favor public financing of When I first brough this concept for­ when the Presidency and Congress are campaigns for Federal omce? ward, eyebrows were raised in some quar­ controlled by the same party. At such Yes------51.9 te1·s when I maintained that enactment times, congressional oversight may fail would diminish the growth of organized N'o ------34.7 utterly. Undecided ------10. 2 crime. I said, at the time, that gamblers When the Government Operations No response ______3.2 were "double teaming" State lotteries and July· 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22215 paying off in tax free cash. AQ.mittedly, However, Lieut. Scholtz, said he believes completion of the study, the Commission I could offer no substantive evidence at that the use of the lottery number for illegal made recommendations to the President diffi­ play ls "not'organized to a great degree" but for changes in the law. that time due iargely to the obvious instead, "if it is happening is being used by culties encountered when one seeks in­ individual bookies to enhance their own busi­ In its study, the Commission recog­ fol'mation on underground activities. ness." nized: Now, however, due largely to the per­ Chief State's At tori)ey Joseph T. Gormley, On the one hand, in our democratic societ y sistence of a Connecticut newspaper, the Jr., who heads the anti-organized crime swing it ls important to encourage the participa­ Bridgeport Post, and one of its investi­ of the state's prosecution forces, said noth­ tion of as many citizens as possible in the gative reporters, Richard P. Ondek, my ing has come to his attention relating to any political processes which shape our govern• widespread use of the lottery figure by orga­ ment. All citizens must have a voice in t he initial contention has been corroborated. nized crime nor is he a ware of any specific affairs of the government. In a recent account, Ondek notes that probe being undertaken by any investigative On the other hand, it is equally important even Connecticut State Police Commis­ arm in the state. to assure integrity in the administration sioner Cleveland Fuessenich agrees that Last September, Mr. Gormley said that if of governmental affairs and develop an im­ organized crime has found ways of using law enforcement agencies had evidence that partial service far from partisan po111t1cs. the State lottery numbers to its benefit. such practices are taking place "they should move to close them down." At the conclusion of the study, which Further, Ondek adds that State's At­ included public hearings in six major torney Joseph T. Gormley has yet to Bridgeport and State Police at that time said their intelligence sources indicated the cities throughout the United States, sur­ launch a specific probe into this matter. existence of at least five numbers operations veys of opinions of Federal and State Mr. Speaker, statewide investigations using the weekly number for "the number to employees, and party chairman opinions, would not be necessary if we would take match." the Commission made the following rec­ the gamblers' profit motive out of State Detective Bruce Haines of the State Police lottery operations. Exempting lottery Gambling division said last September he be­ ommendations: winnings from the Federal income tax lieved that four of the rackets are controlled RECOMMENDATIONS bite would do just that and I would hope by organized crime, but he said he had no ( 1) Public employees should be pe1·mitted conclnsive evidence. to express their opinions freely in private· that before this session of the 93d Con­ The multi-town i·aid in which the lottery and in public on any political subject or gress draws to a close, that will be so. number was found on gambling records took candidate. For the edification of my colleagues, I place prior to Detective Haines' contention (2) The law regulating political activity insert Mr. Ondek's news account in the that evidence had not been secured to link of government personnel should specify in RECORD, at this point. use of the lottery number to organized crime. readily understandable terms those political STATE POLICE AWARE LOTTERY Is BEING USED Detective Haines said the lottery number activities which are prohibited, and specifi­ ILLEGALLY was "most convenient" for policy operators cally permit all others. since the five-digit combination cannot be ( 3) The distinction between local political (By Richard P. Ondek) suspected of being fixed. offices which can be campaigned for and Just how deeply has organized crime man­ Commissioner Fuessenich was reported at­ held by Federal employees, and those which aged to cut into and take advantage of Con­ tending a conference out of state by his office cannot, should be based on the nature of necticut's "legalized" gambling, particular­ and unable to be reached for expansion on the office itself, without reference to a "par­ ly through use of the state's weekly lottery his remarks that organized crime had found tisan" or "nonpartisan" distinction or to number for illegal policy playing? ways to use the lottery number for its own the geographic area where the employee lives. Last September, The Bridgeport Post dis­ purposes. ( 4) At the Federal level, the U.S. Civil closed that organized crime had found a way Service Commission should have the sole "to muscle in" on the state's "legalized" responsibility for enforcement, and its juris­ gambling by using the weekly lottery draw­ REFORM OF THE HATCH ACT diction should be extended to cover not ing figure for policy playing, in most cases only merit system employees, but also ex­ bankrolled by organized crime figures. cepted employees over whom the employing Since that disclosure, several factors have agency presently has enforcement jurisdic­ come to light, including confirmation from HON. WAYNE OWENS tion. State Police Commissioner Cleveland Fues­ OF UTAH ( 5) Enforcement of the act should be senlch that organized crime had found ways IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strengthened and made more flexible by of using the state lottery number to its adding to the present criminal penalties benefit by taking bets on the outcome of Wednesday, July 3, 1974 administrative sanctions and procedures. weekly lottery drawings. These should be designed to insure timely Commissioner Fuessenich made the con­ Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, the Hatch investigation and adjudication of com­ firmation during a Hartford television pro­ Act was signed into law on August 2, 1939. plaints, while preserving adequate protection gram last Sunday. Originally designed as a protective meas­ for persons charged with violations of the It was learned today that prior to the dis­ ure against improper political activities law. closure last September by The Post, evidence of persons employed in the then "Works (6) At the State level, employees admin­ that the last three digits of the weekly num­ Progress Administration," the Hatch Act lstering programs financed by Federal funds ber was being used for 11legal policy play­ should be subject to the same prohibitions ing, had been confiscated in multi-town has since been amended and administra­ tively interpreted to include the whole against political coercion, abuse of official Hartford county gambling raids conducted authority, fund-raising and campaigning for by State Pollce and local authorities. spectra. of executive branch-civil serv­ Federal office which apply to Federal In that raid, according to a State Police ice-employees. employees. spokesman in Hartford, several gambling During the 35 years since enactment, (7) The several States should be en­ records were confiscated in which the final we have witnessed great changes in our couraged to develop systems for controlling digits of the weekly lottery number were political process. And, our government political activities which are comparable to used. The arrests in the raid in which those system, "the bureaucracy," has grown in the system prescribed by Federal law. With gambling records were uncovered took place the approval of the U.S. Civil Service Com­ last summer. size and numbers. Yet the Hatch Act has remained essentially unchanged. It has mission, those states which develop such a Another State Police spokesman said that system would have the responsibility for en­ while there is no specific investigation into not been substantially amended to con­ forcement of all political activity restric­ the use of the lottery number for illegal pur­ form to today's political realities. tions applicable to State employees within poses "we are aware that this may be taking Over the years, it has become increas­ that jurisdiction, including those working on place." ingly evident that the enforcement of the programs financed by Federal funds. The spokesman, an officer in the Orga­ Hatch Act has created certain inequities (8) The U.S. Civil Service Commission nized Crime division of the department, said should study and report on the feas1bi11ty of there has been no evidence seized lately to and has been, in many instances, an un­ prove that the lottery number ts being used desired deterrent to the participation of establishing a plan of voluntary political con­ for 1llegal policy playing purposes. many individuals in the elective process. tributions patterned after similar programs Asked his opinion as to whether he believes Recognizing the need to reevaluate the in private industry. the weekly number ts being used, the State act in view of its detrimental effects, the (9) The U.S. Civil Service Commission Police spokesman said: "Definitely and abso­ should study and report on the feasibility Congress established in 1966, the Com­ of establishing a new Office of Employees' lutely, I believe its happening." mission on Political Activity of Govern­ The spokesman, Lieut. Walter Scholtz, said Counsel within the Civil Service Commission State Police from time to time have obtained ment Personnel. The Commission was to which individual Federal employees can information from informants that the lottery charged with investigating Federal laws report instances of political coercion, intimi­ number is being employed in illegal opera­ which placed limitations or discouraged dation, misuse of ofiicial authority, and other tions. participation in political activities. Upon alleged violations of the law. CXX--1401-Part 17 22216 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 (10) Up to $1 million should be appro­ HOW H.R. 11500 AFFECTS THE SMALL natural levels under seasonal flow conditions priated annually for the enforcement of the COAL OPERATOR as measured prior to any mining, and avoid­ law, in contra.st to the $100,000 or less appro­ ing channel deepening or enlargement in priated annually since 1939. operations requiring the discharge of water from mines." This is in recognition of the I stated before that the bureaucracy HON. PATSY T. MINK fact that the original requirement to "elimi­ has grown in size during the last 35 OF HAWAll nate erosion" was not feasible (given the realities of surface mining) as Mr. Mears cor­ years. It is, of course, continuing to in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crease. As it does, more and more Ameri­ rectly pointed out. cans are being denied the right to par­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 5. Preservation of alluvi al valley floors and stream channels as called for in Sec. 211 (b ) ticipate in many aspects of our political Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, on June 24, (14) (E) is contained in broad discretionary process, simply because they work for the Representative CRAIG HosMER saw fit to language which requires the operator to pre­ Government and must, therefore, adhere reprint a letter from Ed Mears, president serve "throughout the mining and reclama­ to the guidelines of an out-dated law. of the Mears Coal Co. of Marion Center, tion process the bydrologic integrity of allu­ The problem becomes more complicated Pa., criticizing H.R. 11500. This letter vial valley floors in the arid and semi-arid when one considers the ongoing debate which was addressed to Representative areas of the country." Since Mr. Mears' opera­ of whether provisions of the Hatch Act PHILIP RUPPE, contained a number of tions are located in a. humid region, they should be applied to those employees would not come under these particular specific complaints about the bill, with a strictures. working on projects funded in whole or statement that if the bill is enacted Mr. 6. A two-year term for steep-slope permits in part by revenue-sharing funds. Mears was afraid he would be put out of is set forth in Sec. 211 (c) (4), in considera­ Mr. Speaker, I am introducing today business. tion of the unnecessary hardship which the a bill, sponsored in the Senate by my What Representative HOSMER was bill's original one-year term for permits colleague and fellow Utahan, Senator careful not to mention, however, is that covering operations on steep slopes might FRANK E. Moss, to reform the Hatch Act. have imposed on small operators by requir­ in its consideration of H.R. 11500, the ing the periodic repetition of the complete The bill encompasses many of the recom­ Interior Committee did evaluate the permit application process, with all of its mendations made by the Commission on various problems raised by Mr. Mears, public review procedures (as Mr. Mears Political Activity of Government Per­ who is representative of many small pointed out in his letter). sonnel in 1966. bituminous coal operators in Pennsyl­ 7. Concurrent reclamation is required in This bill would eliminate the second­ vania. There was a very real concern on Sec. 211(b) (4). The opera.tor is responsible class citizenship status of Federal em­ the part of committee members that the for seeing to it that on any separate portion of the mined area. reclamation is carried out ployees. It would allow such workers, dur­ provisions of H.R. 11500 should not as promptly as possible, in keeping with the ing off hours, to express public support prove confiscatory, particularly to those, schedule which is contained in the conditions for a candidate; write an article for a who, like Mr. Mears, have developed new of the permit and the reclamation plan. Mr. newspaper or other publication support­ and improved reclamation techniques. Mears figures be needs four pits going simul­ ing a candidate or political issue; distrib­ Contrary to Mr. HosMER's claim that taneously in order to operate profitably. ute campaign material; and serve as a H.R. 11500 would put Ed Mears out of There is nothing in the bill which would con­ delegate to a political or constitutional business, the bill now contains nearly all fine him profitably to one pit so long as he complies with the concurrent reclamation convention, and under circumstances, be of Ed Mears' recommended changes, in provisions. a candidate for local office. one form or another. 8. Bonding for agricultural use of the Provisions of the bill would become ef­ I have reviewed Mr. Mears' letter care­ mined site is covered in Sec. 211 (b) ( 13), fective on January 1, 1975. fully. Since he raised some pertinent is­ which states that "when the regulatory au­ There are safeguards in the bill to pre­ sues, the following outline of the action thority approves a. long-term intensive agri­ taken by the committee showing how the cultural postmining land use, the applicable vent abuses and corruption. The special five- or ten-year period for responsibility for nature of the Government employee is bill has been altered in keeping with his revegetation shall commence at the date of taken into account with several prohibi­ suggestions may reveal the merits of H.R. initial planting for such long-term intensive tions as to the use of official authority 11500: agricultural postmining land use." The in­ and infiuence for the purpose of inter­ 1. Spoil on steep downslopes is allowable terminable bonding period which Mr. Mears fering with any elections. Further meas­ in Sec. 211(c) (1), but only for the initial feared might put him out of business has ures would outlaw the use of intimida­ short linear cut necessary to gain access to thus been limited in his case, to five years tion or coercion to affect the actions of the coal seam. There is no reason why the after the fir.st agricultural planting occurs rocks and boulders, which Mr. Mears is con­ on the regraded site. fellow employees. cerned a.bout, cannot be retained on the 9. Reclamation fee for rehabi litation of The Congress should endeavor to re­ bench and buried under the spoil, or in the abandoned mine lands in Sec. 401 ( d) is set view the inequities in the present law. alternative placed on slopes that are not at 1.23 cents per million Btu of beat value in I am aware of the immediacy to consider steep. Mr. Mears' own operations which use coal. The original fee of $2.50 per ton a.bout such crucial matters as campaign financ­ the so-called "modified block cut" method, which Mr. Mears complained was repla.ced by ing reform legislation. But I would hope indicate how this may be accomplished. the present arrangement, which is estimated 2. Disturbance above the highwall is allow­ to amount to between 15 cents and 38 cents that the Congress, within the next year, able in Sec. 211(c) (3) , if the regulatory au­ per ton, depending on the Btu content. This would turn towards consideration of re­ thority finds that such disturbance will be fee cannot be seen as confiscatory by any turning basic political rights to the more in compliance with the environmental pro­ stretch of the imagination. No doubt there than 2.8 million Americans affected by tection standards. This revision would allow are many parts of Mr. Mears' home territory the Hatch Act. Mr. Mears to stack his spoil on the slope which are desperately in need of the restora­ above the bigbwall as a. means of expediting tion program which Title 4 of H.R. 11500 final regrading of the mine site. would provide. 3. Abandoned underground mine work­ In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, it is evi­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION ings. Sec. 211(b) (19) provides a 500-foot bar­ rier a.round active or abandoned underground dent that virtually every one of Mr. mine workings. However, there is no outright Mears' complaints about H.R. 11500 has prohibition which would prevent an operator been met by the committee. In the case of HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD from surface mining in such a situation it by the one exception, it can be asserted with OF PENNSYLVANIA doing so he will achieve "improved resource complete confidence that Mr. Mears' own IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES recovery, abatement of water pollution or remarkedly fine operations in Pennsyl­ elimination of public hazards." The bill thus vania offer the best example of how sur­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 offers the kind of leeway which Mr. Mears faPortugal today stands as DEAR CONGRESSMAN YOUNG: As a minister Christ in the U.S.A. an international anachronism, ruling from of the Gospel and a lawmaker in Cor>gress, Each of the eight denominations repre­ Lisbon the last old-style colonial empire left you share our interest in seeing that church sented in the Project has on the national in the world. This African empire has a 500- money is used by the churches in a respon­ level a variety of boards, agencies, funds, year-old history characterized by traditional sible way to further the Lord's work and not pension plans, etc. No attempt has been forms of colonialism-the expropriation of in support of racism, colonialism, and eco­ made to canvass all these boards, agencies, land and the exploitation of natural re­ nomic oppression. etc., to invite them to join the Project or sources and of human labor. Since 1961, We therefore are taking the liberty of en­ support these stockholder resolutions. Par­ African independence movements have been closing herewith the proxy statements of the ticipants in the Project are not attempting challenging Portuguese control by armed re­ Church Project on United States Investments to speak for or represent any other national boards/ agencies, local churches or individual bellion, in a way which the Project believes in Southern Africa of 1974. None of the reso­ ls similar to the way American patriots in lutions won the day in the shareholders' Christians but to represent themselves as the l 770's revolted against overseas political meetings but they nevertheless serve to warn institutional investors. control. the investment community of church con­ The Project itself does not own any stock in corporations, since it is essentially an ad Until 1961 the African population was di­ sensus emerging in regard to investments vined into two categories on a racial basis: which tend to fortify Portuguese colonial hoc coalition of church agencies concerned about the role U.S. corporations play in "assimilated" Africans, who were entitled to regimes. full rights of Portuguese citizenship, and The coup in Portugal does not make these Southern Africa. The participants in the Project who will present the stockholder "indigenous" or "non-civilized." In order documents irrelevant. On the contrary, it to gain "assimilated" status Africans had to reinforces their prophetic nature in that resolutions to the corporations are as fol­ lows: be fluent in Portuguese and become "black they forecast the coming victory of the forces Exxon: Submitted jointly by the Domestic Portuguese." After 500 years of Portuguese of liberation, with which the Portuguese and Foreign Missionary Society of the Prot­ rule only 1 % of the African people had regime ls now forced to come to terms. estant Episcopal Church in the U.S.A., which reached this "assimilated" status. We believe We would hope that you would be willing owns 12,602 shares; by the American Baptist that such a policy was inherently racist, to place these documents in the Congres­ Home Mission Societies, which owns 18,000 based as it was in the belief in the supe­ sional Record with some words of com­ shares; by the United Presbyterian Church riority of European language and culture. mendation. in the United States of America, which owns This philosophy still continues. General Sincerely yours, 43,769 shares; by the Center for Social Action Kaulza de Arriaga, the commander of Portu­ EDGAR LOCKWOOD, of the United Church of Christ, which owns guese forces in Mozambique until 1973 said Director. three shares; by the Department of· Educa­ in 1968: "Our national objective ls to main­ tion and Social Concern of the Unitarian tain white dominance in Angola and Mo­ CHURCH PROJECT ON U.S. INVESTMENTS IN Universalist Association, which owns 6,109 zambique." SOUTHERN AFRICA-1974 shares; and by the National Council of Furthermore, although racial discrimina­ INTRODUCTION Churches, which owns 580 shares. The total tion is not enforced by law as in South This proxy statement ls provided in con­ number of shares owned by the submitting Africa, we believe that Africans have been nection with the solicitation of proxies for organizations ls 81,063, which had an ag­ assigned de facto to be "hewers of wood and stockholder proposals to be presented at the gregate market value as of January 4, 1974 drawers of water", while the Portuguese ben­ annual meetings of three corporations, Exxon of more than $7,900,000. efit from their labor and the resources of Corporation ("~xon"), Bethlehem Steel Cor­ Bethlehem: Submitted by the Women's the colony. Africans in the colonies still face poration ("Bethlehem") and Texaco, Inc. Division of the Board of Global Ministries conditions of poverty. illiteracy, and exploi­ ("Texaco") , calling on each of them not to of the United Methodist Church, which owns tation of labor as a result of their skin color. invest in exploration for, or production of, 1,400 shares. Political opposition in the colonies is, we either oil or minerals in the territories of Texaco: Submitted by the World Division believe, crushed by official government cen­ Portuguese controlled Africa on the basis of of the Board of Global Ministries of the sorship, restricted voting rights, severe lim­ concessions granted by the colonial govern­ United Methodist Church, which owns 24,449 itations on union activity and a highly effec­ ment of Portugal. These resolutions will be shares. tive secret police force. submitted at the respective corporation's an­ This proxy statement solicits support for However, the central question, in the opin­ nual meeting by participating in the Church proposals which will be presented at the 1974 ion of the Project, is not solely the condi­ Project for U.S. Investments in Southern annual meetings of these three corporations. tions under which the African majority lives Africa-1974 ("The Project"). The text of The resolution which will be presented at but the fact that they are colonized in their the Exxon resolution ls set forth in Appendix the annual meeting of Exxon Corporation own land. Certainly the Justification for I, the text of the Bethlehem resolution in has been submitted to that corporation and, America's break from Britain in the eight­ Appendix II and the text of the Texaco reso­ in the opinion of Professor Paul M. Neuhaus­ eenth century was the right of Americans lution in Appendix III. er, counsel to the Project, Exxon will be to tax and govern themselves. Africans in The Project is a cooperative venture of required to include the proposal in its Proxy Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea-Bissau are boards and/or agencies of eight Protestant Statement pursuant to the proxy rules of demanding nothing less. religious denominations, one Roman Catholic the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Thus, THE FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE order and the National Council of Churches. each shareholder of Exxon will have the op­ Denominational participants in va.rious The African response in each of the Por­ portunity to vote for or against that pro­ tuguese colonies during the 1960's was to take phases of the Project include: posal on Exxon's own Proxy Statement. In (1) the Committee on Social Responsibil­ up arms to bring about independence and addition, Exxon shareholders may vote for self-determination to their land. ity in Investments of the Executive Council or against the proposal via special forms of of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary So­ proxy to be provided by the Project, or by These movements for independence have ciety of the Protestant Episcopal Church in attending the annual meeting in person. The gained. recognition and support during the the U.S.A. resolutions to be presented at the annual last several years. (2) the United Church Board for Home­ meetings of Bethlehem and Texaco will not Direct grants of economic aid have been land Ministries; the United Church Board appear on those corporation's own Proxy made by Scandinavian governments as well for World Ministries; the United Church Statements and the only opportunity to vote as by African states through the Organiza­ Foundation; the Pension Boards, United for or against those proposals will be on the tion of African Unity. The World Coun­ Church of Christ; the Center for Social Ac­ special forms of proxy to be provided by the cil of Churches and numerous U.S. and Eu­ tion of the United Church of Christ. Project, or by attending the annual meeting ropean church bodies have also made grants (3) the World Division of the Board of in person. for the humanitarian work of these move­ ments. Global Ministries of the United Methodist PURPOSE OF SOLICITATION Church; the Women's Division of the Board Diplomatic victories at the UN also indicate of Global Ministries of the United Methodist INTRODUCTION the growing strength of the movements. Church; The Project is furnishing this proxy state­ At the 1972 session of the United Nations (4) the American Baptist Home Mission ment in order to solicit support for resolu­ General Assembly the nations of the world Societies; tions to be submitted at the annual meet- overwhelmingly affirmed that the "national 22220 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 liberation movements of Angola, Guinea its business partner, the government of Por­ in independent Africa because of their in­ (Bissau) and Mozambique are the authentic tugal, and therefore becomes a sympathetic vestments in Portugal's colonies. Racism and representatives of the people of those ter­ interpre.ter of Portuguese colonialism in Af­ colonialism in Southern Africa is a very con­ ritories.'' The vote was 98 to 6. rica. For example, Gui! 011 Corporation still troversial subject. It is an extremely high Furthermore, representatives from the in­ calls the colonies "overseas provinces", a priority for the Organization of African dependence movements were granted the term used by Portugal to legitimize its mili­ Unity as evidenced by their recent request status of observers by the UN General As­ tary occupation of Africa. We believe that to the Arab states to extend the oil embargo sembly Fourth Committee, which deals with Gulf is unable to correctly call Angola a to Portugal and South Africa. decolonization. In the opinion of the Project colony, since this would jeopardize its The public image of these corporations this official observer status symbolized the friendly business relationship with the Por­ might be tarnished if they were seen as fact that the UN felt strongly that only the tuguese government. "partners in colonialism," and it is likely liberation movements could speak for the In addition, U.S. investment increases that opportunities for business might suffer hopes and desires of the millions of Afri­ Portugal's incentive to hold onto its colonies. in the vast markets of independent Africa. cans living in colonized areas. The Project As William R. Cotter, president of the Indeed, several African leaders have indi­ believes that the colonizer, Portugal, can African American Institute, has said in a cated that foreign companies may have to only speak for its own interests, not with 1971 memorandum to institutional inves­ make a choice between business in minority the interests of the colonized at heart. tors: "There can be no doubt that the oil ruled Southern Africa and in black Africa. As is described more fully hereafter, the and mineral wealth discovered in Angola These companies may also face public independence movements have gained con­ and Mozambique during the past ten to :fif­ criticism at home for their colonial invest­ trol of much of the territory of Angola, Mo­ teen years has immensely increased the ments. zambique and Guinea-Bissau. Indeed, the value of those territories to the Portuguese. In the U.S. there has been increased con­ movement in Guinea-Bissau has been so This increase in value undoubtedly accounts cern over U.S. corporations investing in successful that in September, 1973 the Na­ in part for the tenacity with which the Por­ Southern Africa. On African Liberation Day, tional Assembly of Guinea-BiSsau pro­ tuguese are trying to hang on to their May 26, 1972, tens of thousands of black claimed its independence from Portugal and African colonies. At the same time, it is also people marched in Canada and the U.S. to established the sovereign Republic of likely that U. S. business investment ... show their support for independence and Guinea-Bissau. In November, 1973, the has directly contributed to the ability of the majority rule for Southern Africa. Critical United Nations General Assembly, by a 93-7 Portuguese to pay for the war, has strength­ mention was made of Gulf Oil Corporation vote, welcomed the "accession to indepen­ ened the balance of payments for Portugual for its massive investment in Angola at dence of the people of Guinea-Bissau." and has made the colonies ever so much rallies on that day. An additional indication of the serious na­ more valuable than they would be without Boycotts of Gulf products have a.risen be­ ture of the liberation movements' fight is that (or comparable) investment." cause of its Angola operation. The Gulf the fact that Portugal has approximately Boycott Coalition of Dayton, Ohio success­ Similarly, the United Nations General As­ fully urged the Dayton City Council to refuse 150,000 troops :fighting in Africa against Af­ sembly passed a resolution on January 15, rican nationalists to maintain its colonial a bid from Gui! because of its minority­ 1971 stating that "foreign economic, finan­ hiring policies in Ohio and its involvement empire. cial and other interests operating in colonial in Angola. In our opinion, the war being carried on is territories constitute a major obstacle to particularly vicious and cruel, being charac­ Black students at Harvard occupied the political independence as well as to the en­ university adminiStration building in 1972, terized by the use of herbicides against joyment of the natural resources of these crops and napalm against people as well as demanding that Harvard sell its Gulf stock territories by the indigenous inhabitants." and opp-0se Gulf's involvement in Angola. A by the forced relocation of large numbers of The Project believes that one must also people into "strategic hamlets." The Portu­ Gulf boycott has started in the black com­ consult the views of the liberation move­ munity for this reason. For the last three guese troops have also been accused of carry­ ments on the issue of foreign investment in ing out the systematic genocidal massacres years church representatives have attended the colonies. All of the three major inde­ the Gulf stockholders' meetings to challenge of villages whose residents were thought to pendence movements have clear policies on have been sympathetic to the freedom move­ Gulf's investment in Angola. Considerable this matter. Their position is that foreign negative publicity for Gulf has been the ments. The most famous of these was the investment only serves to strengthen Por­ kllllng of some 400 persons in the village of result. tugal as it fights against the nationalists It should also be noted that Congressman Wiriya.mu on December 16, 1972 as was re­ and, therefore, such investors should be ported by the Missionaries of Africa, a Charles C. Diggs, Chairman of the House pressed to withdraw and future investment Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, and Roman Catholic religion missionary order should be stopped. Amilcar Cabral, former of some 3,600 priests and friars. twenty-six other members of Congress sent leader of the African Party for the Inde­ a letter to Gulf in 1971 calling on Gulf Oil to THE ROLE OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE pendence of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde withdraw from Angola for many of the PORTUGUESE COLONIES (PAIGC), stated in 1972, "At this moment reasons outlined previously. We believe that investment in Angola, to invest in Angola, Mozambique, or Guinea.­ In 1973, full page ads sponsored by the Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau helps Bissau is to support the colonial war, Por­ Pan-African Liberation Committee appeared strengthen Portugal in a number of ways. tuguese colonialism, and the domination of in Jet Magazine and Ebony urging a boycott First of all, these companies receive their the black majority by the white minority. In of Gulf products because of its Angolan African concessions from a foreign colonial reality this becomes support for racism." investments. nation. Portugal, and all of the taxes and Dr. Cabral argued that companies should Such an investment also has serious inter­ royalties will be paid to the Portuguese au­ wait until independence comes and then ask national implications. The Organization of thorities for their use. Portugal, the poorest for the right to invest. "It is not true that African Unity has spoken out against Gulf's country in Europe, with a per capita income investment in Angola, Mozambique, and role in Angola. Protests against Gulf have of only $300 per year, spends almost 50 per­ Guinea-Bissau at present is to help our peo­ erupted in Holland, Denmark and Nigeria. cent of its budget on defense, primarily to ple. Companies should know that at this Shareholders should carefully evaluate the. fight its colonial wars in Africa. point any investment reinforces the position negative effects both at home and interna­ For instance, Portugal's military budget in of the Portuguese economically." tionally that continued investments in Por­ Angola was approximately $68,500,000 in 1971, Dr. Neto, President of the Popular Move­ tuguese colonial areas will cause. We believe according to United Nations figures. Tax pay­ ment for the Liberation of Angola, (MPLA), that management and shareholders alike ments and royalties of one company, Gulf argued in a similar fashion to a representa­ should be able to read the signs and avoid Oil, a. large investor in Angola, were approxi­ tive of the United Church of Christ 1n 1970: the damage to the companies' public image mately $50,000,000 in 1972. Thus U.S. invest­ "Investment by U.S. corporations such as Gulf Oil can only help the Portuguese as which continued investment in the Port u­ ment can have a significant impact on Portu­ guese colonies will cause. gal's ability to contain the liberation move­ they fight us and reinforce their determina­ ments since such investments inevitably tion to stay in Angola." EXXON AND THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA-BISSAU subsidize Portugal as it fights these wars. In short, the Project believes not only that On September 24, 1973, after ten years of Payments in foreign exchange from corpora­ U.S. investment in the Portuguese colonies fighting for independence, the National tions like Texaco, Exxon and Bethlehem Steel strengthens the hand of the colonial op­ Assembly of Guinea-Bissau proclaimed its are badly needed to support Portuguese mili­ pressor against the legitimate desire of the independence from Portugal, much as the tary expenditures. We do not argue that these Africans for freedom, but also that to invest American colonies did from Britain nearly companies voluntarily wish to support colo­ in an area that will be independent of the two hundred years ago. Under the leadership nialism, but that by investing in the colonies mother country in the near future, without of the African Party for the Independence they inevitably wind up economically consultation with the future governments of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde (PAIGC), strengthening Portugal and Portuguese colo­ of that territory, ls to invite hostllity and the people of Guinea-Bissau now control over opposition and thus to be contrary to the nialism. two-thirds of that small West African nation. Such investments are also of political bene­ long-range best interests of these American Free elections were held in the liberated fit to Portugal. Such American investment corporations. areas to elect the majority of the National provides a vested interest in the status quo THE PUBLIC IMAGES OF THE COMPANIES Assembly. It has estALblished a.dm1nlstrative in the colonies. A corporation finds itself un­ We believe that the image and position and judicial systems and provides social serv­ willing or unable to criticize or disagree with of Exxon, Bethlehem and Texaco may suffer ices such as health and education. In Novem- July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22221 ber, 1973, the United Nations General military region in 1971. FRELIMO has been thrown, rather than to support it by the Assembly, by a 93-7 vote, welcomed the reported in control of Tete's major roads, payment of royalties and taxes. It is the "accession to independence of the people of thereby making the Portuguese ground travel Project's belief that Texaco's concession Guinea-Bissau thereby creating the sover­ in the Province exceedingly difficult. FRE­ from colonial Portugal should be terminated eign State of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau" LIMO has attacked the major rail links in and that it should suspend operations until and demanded that Portugal desist from the region with the resultant loss of trains, it receives a new concession from a future illegally occupying various "sectors" of freight cars and goods, and has also at­ free, independent Angola government. The Guinea-Bissau. To date the Republic has tacked the Tete airport. cost in lost oil production would be small been diplomatically recognized by more than The Project believes that the Portuguese and would not significantly affect the energy 70 countries throughout the world. colonial authorities are attempting to attract crisis. But by doing so, the corporation's Nevertheless, colonial Portugal continues foreign investments in hopes that such in­ image internationally and its future ability to wage war against this new government of vestments will assist in "pacifying" the Pro­ to operate in Angola would benefit greatly. Guinea-Bissau. vince of Tete. A commentator for a news­ It is in this context of a continued war paper in white Rhodesia indicated on Octo­ waged by a colonial power against the legiti­ ber 7, 1972 that any large scale activity by the mate aspirations and achievements of the Bethlehem consortium would seriously affect THE $6 MILLION BOONDOGGLE Africans that Exxon's concession in Guinea­ FRELIMO guerrilla activity in the area and Bissau from Portugal must be examined. that observers in Beira, Mozambique, recall Exxon received its first concession in the late that the Cabinda district in Angola was one 1950's but relinquished this concession in of the worst trouble spots in the province HON. JOHN E. HUNT 1961. PAIGC began its armed struggle for in­ until Gulf Oil made a strike but with Gulf OF NEW JERSEY dependence in 1963. Exxon received another present there it turned into a peaceful area. concession in 1966. It commenced drilling in FRELIMO opposes foreign investment in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1968 off-shore Guinea-Bissau and, when drill­ their nation at this time. The Vice-President Wednesday, July 3, 1974 ing in shallow water was apparently unsuc­ of FRELIMO, Marcelino Dos Santos, stated in cessful, it received a new concession in 1973 1972: "All investments are a direct contribu­ Mr. HUNT. Mr. Speaker, this past covering deeper water. This new concession tion to the colonial war.... To invest in weekend the Democrat Party held its was granted a few months before the procla­ Angola, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau is gala television fundraiser. If I were to mation of the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, but to delay our independence. We are against relate my reactions to this event I would after the PAIGC had wrested control of two­ it.... We will consider any agreement be­ probably be accused of being extremely thirds of the country from the Portuguese. tween Portugal and these companies invalid." unfair. For that reason I shall not com­ The position of the new government of The Project believes that for both E1ocial Guinea-Bissau concerning foregn investment and financial reasons it is unwise for Bethle­ ment but will, instead, submit for the is clear. The Proclamation of the Republic it­ hem to pursue its Portuguese concession in RECORD the views of Nicholas von Hoff­ self stated that Mozambique. It was in Tete Province that man writing in the July 3 edition of the "From the historic moment of the procla­ the 400 African villagers of Wiriyamu were Washington Post. I will probably never mation of the State of Guinea-Bissau, au­ massacred by the Portuguese army. This is again share von Hoffman's views on any­ thorities and organs of the Portuguese colo­ the reality of life in this area of Mozambique. thing, but in this case he is right on the nial state which exercise any political, mili­ We believe that the war leaves any Bethle­ beam: tary or administrative authority in our terri­ hem employee working there in physical jeop­ tory are illegal, and their acts are null and ardy and virtually assures that development [From the Washington Post, July 3, 1974] void. Consequently, from that moment on, of any mining potential in the area will be a BUYING DEMOCRATIC the Portuguese State has no right to assume long and bloody process. (A Commentary by Nicholas von Hoffman) any obligations or commitments in relation In our opinion it is in the long range in­ Dressed as an airline pilot, the actor on to our country. All treaties, conventions, terest of Bethlehem to divorce itself from television told us to "Fly Democraitic. We're agreements, alliances and concessions in­ the colonial regime which may soon be over­ the party that moves our tail for you!" volving our country which were entered into thrown, rather than to support it by the pay­ Helen Reddy said we should send bucks in the past by the Portuguese colonialists will ment of taxes and royalties. We believe that now and get involved later while Susan Saint be submitted to the People's National As­ Bethlehem should terminate its concession James gurgled on the phone to Texas with an sembly, the supreme embodiment of State from colonial Portugal and suspend opera­ expectant Lucybird and then told the audi­ power, which will proceed to review them in tions in Tete until it receives a new conces­ ence watching that segment of the 21-hour accordance with the interests of our peoples." sion from a future independent government Democratic telethon that, "I'm due in No­ The Project believes that the continued of Mozambique. vember with my number two. All these good presence of Exxon in Guh1ea-Bissau operat­ TEXACO AND ANGOLA ing under a purported concession from little Democraitic girls having good lit·tle Portugal serves to strengthen the Portuguese Nationalists have been fighting for freedom Democratic babies ... Half the world is made in Angola since 1961. They are active in more up of women so there's nothing to be against political position. Amllcar Cabral, past leader women. Women are trying to get their act of PAIGC, said in 1972, "At this moment to than one-half of the districts in the colony invest in Guinea-Bissau is to support the and reportedly now control one-third of it. together ... I wish we had a law that said colonial war, Portuguese colonialism and the Dr. Agostino Neto, president of the major every politician would have had to staite his Angolan independence movement (MPLA) contents on his label before we're asked to domination of the black majority by the buy it." white minority." Whether Exxon remains in has stated that "Investment by U.S. corpora­ Guinea-Bissau or withdraws at this time is tions . . . can only help the Portuguese as Simple mindedly inarticulate but no more equally to make a political statement. they fight us and reinforce their determina­ blatherheaded than the State Treasurer of The Project further believes that it is in tion to stay in Angola." the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania's tradi­ the best long-range corporate interests of Texaco has since 1969 been a participant tionally loud mouthed, palsy-walsy political Exxon to withdraw at this time. We believe in an oil concession in Angola. Production "greetings to our great governor, Milton J. that enlightened self-interest indicates that for the last six months of 1972 was reportedly Shapp," or Sen. Lloyd Bentsen declaring, "I 12,000 bbpd. Texaco's consortium has if Exxon dsires to operate in Guinea-Bissau :want to interrupt you, Hubert, and say this is in the future, it should consult now with the recently received an extension of its Angolan one of the most decent and able men in democratically elected National Assembly, as oil concession. politics." it has requested. It should be noted that the independent Old Triple H, who can explain the financ­ nations of Africa are deeply concerned about BETHLEHEM AND MOZAMBIQUE ing of his campaigns with about the same American investments in the Portuguese persuasiveness and plausib111ty as Richard Bethlehem, together with two other com­ colonies. For example, at the 1973 Annual Nixon, took the compliment with his usual panies, sought and received in 1972 a mining Meeting of· Exxon, a representative of the good grace and then resumed babbling on concession of some several thousand square Organization of African Unity (which com­ like the sweet tempered superannuated baby miles in the Mozambique Province of Tete. prises all of the independent nations in Africa he is coming to resemble. In the hours I The concession requires certain initial pay­ except those Southern African nations which watched the only person able to display a ments, plus royalties and a tax of 50% on are white-controlled) stated to stockholders: any profits. Such payments, of course, help "We are not against companies investing in degree of competence and knowledge and support the colonial Portuguese government. Africa. But we feel that it is not oppor­ express it without condescension was, oddly The Mozambique Liberation Front tune ... to invest in Angola while the terri­ enough, the owner of the Washington Red­ (FRELIMO) has been estimated to control tory is still under Portugal . . . Exxon has skins discussing criminal justice. His col­ one-fourth of the land area of that country, many friends in Africa ... I do not think ft league, the proprietor of the Miami Dolphins, such controlled areas having a population in is the wish of any of you to ca.use displeasure appeared to have his tongue controlled by excess of 1,000,000 persons. In particular, to these friends you have made during the some other organ of his body than the brain. Tete Province has seen the steady strength­ long period of your investments in Africa." Party Chairman Bob Strauss• Texas­ ening of the independence forces since mili­ We believe that it is in the long-range best accented, gravel baritone crossed the border­ tary activity began there in 1968. FRELIMO's interests of Texaco to divorce itself from a line into parody telling us that Mayor Daley successes led the Portuguese to make Tete a colonial regime which may soon be over- was personally supervising 200 telephone 22222 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 operators taking pledges in Chicago. And all CRYSTAL LAKE, ILL., CELEBRATES Mr. Speaker, it is with my personal those who phoned into this admixture of CENTENNIAL best wishes that I salute the fine com­ stage and podium were assured, in Jackie Cooper's words, they were "investing in your munity of Crystal Lake as it celebrates its share of America." That was the theme: lOOth anniversary. As it coincides with "Participation in democracy," as expressed HON. ROBERT McCLORY our country's 198th birthday, I am con­ by a picture of Mount R ushmore with a OF ILLINOIS fident that this week's f es tivi ties will be voice-over adjuring us to " Own a piece of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a fitting tribute to the city's past 100 the rock." Wednesday, July 3, 1974 years of prosperity as well as a dynamic We were being invited to buy back the launching for Crystal Lake's second cen­ government by outbidding the malefactoring Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, it is with tury of growth and prosperity. "corporations" which Miss Saint James kept great pride that I pay tribute to the city referring to in vaguely sinister terms. The of Crystal Lake, Ill., located in my con­ message was that Washington is plainly and gressional district, on its centennial cel­ simply for sale and that if enough of us POOR BEA..~ ENERGY BURDEN small people r>ut our coppers and silver coins ebration which begins today and lasts together we can match Wall Street's until July 7. megabucks: Mr. Speaker, named in 1836 by its first HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL The propriety of anybody's buying the settler, Beman Crandall, for the crystal­ OF NEW YORK government wasn't discussed, which may ex­ clear quality of its beautiful lake, Crystal IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plain why the party sponsoring this elec­ Lake celebrated its lone centennial 38 tronic benefit to wipe out political dystrophy Wednesday, July 3, 1974 has not passed the new campaign spending years ago. However, in 1874 the villages law nor obeyed the old one. Send money if of Crystal Lake and Nunda joined to­ Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, historical­ you like the bland lies told by stiff and gether to form the city of Crystal Lake, ly, and currently, it is always the poor hearty politicians backed up by a supporting thus calling for this 100-year commemo­ people of this country who suffer most cast of Emmy winners and Oscar holders. ration. from national crises: the crisis of the Jack Lemmon for the Democrats speaks his Mr. Speaker, the merging of these two city is disproportionately felt by disad­ lines better than Duke Wayne for the Repub­ villages was just the beginning of its vantaged, mostly third world people. The licans but neither would dare read their own long history of population growth rang­ food crisis devastates the poor in the material. ing from 2,249 in 1920 to 4,832 in 1950. worst way. Similarly, the energy crisis As lit gets trickier for big business and big labor to underwrite politics perhaps both In the past 24 years, the citizenry of that began this past winter had its most parties will have to depend on celebrities to Crystal Lake has increased almost six­ chilling effect on those low-income peo­ raise their cash. They do it for cancer and fold to over 28,000 today. ple who reside in the slums and ghettos cerebral }>alsy already so why not have Paul Mr. Speaker, though most of the first of America's cities. Newman and Zsa Zsa Gabor playing policy­ settlers of the area were farmers, busi­ In its May issue of Network, the Na­ making roles? ness and industry have thrived in the tional Urban Coalition considered this It will be a change of sorts but it won't community and have played an impor­ fact in an article entitled "Poor Bear make our politics any more of a responsive two-way street. Answer America, as the tele­ tant role in the development of Crystal Energy Burden." In addition to weighing thon was called, was as remot e in its TV Lake. The early industries of ice cutting the impact of the energy shortage on studio as any smoke filled room. Chairman on Crystal Lake itself, pickling works, re­ inner-city residents, the article deline­ Strauss told us that thousands of volunteers sort hotels, and a terra cotta factory are ates the aggressive and substantive re­ had made the program possible but the only no longer in existence, but they have sponse of the coalition to this matter. ones important enough to be shown to us been replaced by today's diversified in­ The article is now submitted for the at­ were the celebs. Where were the cutaways to dustrial community in Crystal Lake. tention of my colleagues: the live miniature camera covering volun­ Mr. Speaker, as the largest city in Mc­ [From Network, April-May 1974] teers soliciting contributions in Kansas City or showing those 200 personally supervised Henry County and the hub of the POOR BEAR ENERGY BURDEN people at the phones in Chicago? Why weren't county's business, trade, and commerce, NUC has released the findings of its fir~ t we shown small citizen fund-raisers in sub­ Crystal Lake's residents are justifiably monthly report on the impact of the energy urban New Jersey? proud of their fine school system which shortage on urban residents, particularly You must suspect the answer is that includes 10 public and 2 parochial those in the inner city. The report also indi­ nothing was happening in the precincts, schools, and also for the city's outstand­ cates what the national and local Coalitions that this was grand participatory fraud, that ing 600-acre park system. are doing to aid citizens in coping with the taking part consists of sending your money effects of the crisis. in, voting right and sitting in your living Mr. Speaker, for all the material "We want to make sure that the poor and room savoring Bob Strauss' ragout of wealth of Crystal Lake, the most out­ minorities don't bear a disproportionate theatrical and political hams. Answer. standing asset of the community is un­ share of the burden," said M. Carl Holman America, they want. Well, first they should deniably its fine citizens-patriotic and at a. meeting earlier this year of the Coali­ ask. hardworking Americans such as former tion's Steering Committee. Holman was ex­ Mayors Anthony Wujcik and Louis plaining the need to set up the now active Goosens; Acting Mayor Mrs. Arlene Fet­ Coalition Committee on Energy and the PERSONAL EXPLANATION zner and City Manager Robert Walker; Cities. NUC's March report, the first in its planned Crystal Lake Herald publisher, Paul Zilly, series, reveals that in addition to the much and many other dedicated residents who publicized long gas lines, heating fuel short ­ HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD have been responsible for the progress ages and ot her t ransportation problems, OF P E NNSYLVANIA and growth of the city. urban residents all over a.re being hit by IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The civic-minded contributions of all other kinds of hardsh ips. The poor and work­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 of Crystal Lake's residents ought to be ing poor more t h an ot her citizens are being recognized and praised during this cen­ affected. Mr. MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania. Mr. tennial year celebration. The Crystal After school recreat ion al activities have Speaker, due to a long standing speech Lake Herald has already led off the f es­ been curbed in a number of cities. commitment early Friday in my district, Police patrols have been curtailed. (In tivities by publishing a centennial souve­ Philadelphia., in a n attempt to redu ce the and the need to make late plane connec­ nir edition covering modern Crystal Lake incidence of st reet crime, some neighbor­ tions Thursday evening, I was forced to and also reviewing 100 years of town hoods have formed aut o patrols by citizen miss some rollcall votes Thursday, June history, with the special bonus of a pub­ groups. The pract ice is being hampered b y 27 and on Friday, June 28. lished interview with the town's oldest the lack of gas) . Had I been present and voting, I resident who is 100 years old this year. Workers have been laid off in the autom o­ would have voted "No" on rollcall Nos. Mr. Speaker, the major events planned bile, plastics, tool making and recreat ional industries. 345, 346, and 347; and "Aye" on rollcall for the centennial celebration include a The energy crisis is also causing hardships No. 348. presentation of slides from Crystal Lake's in more specific and less publicized ways, ac­ I would have voted "No" on rollcall past, a family picnic day, a parade, cording to NUC Vice President and Field Op ­ No. 351; and "Aye" on rollcall Nos. 352, dances for all ages, concerts, and the Miss erat ions D irector S arah Austin, who cit ed, as 353, and 354. Crystal Lake Beauty Pageant. examples: July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22223 The Montclair (N.J.) Urban Coalition re­ that city's Coalition, has conducted a survey construction by their insistence that the line ports that "people on fixed incomes have been on the extent of the problems caused by the be built through Canada, it now appears that severely hit" and records show a "tremendous energy crisis. they were right. It won't help much for us increase in shoplifting among senior citi­ to ship our surplus oil to Japan while we're zens." Also Montclair reports that the boating still dependent in the midwest on what we industry in that East Coast region is "appre­ can get from the Middle East. hensive about the public's attitude toward THE GREAT UPPER MIDWEST-OIL­ Although the huge masses of population the gasoline shortage." The Montclair spokes­ on the east and west coasts may eventually man said that "boating recreation is the life­ LESS STil..L have a plentiful supply of gasoline, they blood of the New Jersey shore." maybe at the same time will be complaining In Winston-Salem, N.C., "bag coal", used about the high cost .and scarcity of food primarily by inner city residents, is up 16 % . HON. JOHN M. ZWACH which is produced in the midwest. It's tough Some schools there report interruption in the OF MINNESOTA to raise food 011 the pavement of Los Angeles food delivery for school lunches, and teach­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and New York. G.E.D. ers are ex.perlencing difficulty 1ll getting plas­ tic instructional materials. Wednesday, July 3, 1974 The Philadelphia Coalition has found that Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, every day fuel oil deliveries in low income areas have TRIBUTE TO A GREAT AMERICAN been curtailed because of security problems. we hear new reports about the extent (Oil companies there say that they need an and severity of gas and oil shortages this extra man and a dog when delivering at summer, this fall, and next winter. HON. HAROLD R. COLLIER night.) The companies have set a minimum I have always supported eiforts to pro­ OF ILLINOIS of 20()-,5()0 gallons as the smallest quantities vide a Canadian oil route terminating .in they will deliver. "The poor usually can't af­ the upper Midwest. I am very much IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ford that many gallons at once," reported the afraid that this region, the bread basket Wednesday, July 3, 1974 local Coalition spokesman. Moreover, the oil companies a.re demanding cash payments of the world, is being left high and dry, Mr. COLLIER. Mr. Speaker, it is re­ prior to or upon delivery in poor neighbor­ or should I say wet and cold. freshing to find that the outstanding con­ hoods. Every effort must be made to guaran­ tributions of men who are symbols of the In New Bedford, Mass., industries are cut­ tee adequate supplies into the upper American free enterprise system do not ting back to a four-day work week and inner Midwest if our producers are to provide always go unnoticed. For this reason I city residents are required by the on compa­ food and fiber for the American con­ take this occasion to place in the RECORD nies to "make payment on a 30-day basis in­ sumer. Conservation is a must, but a the reflections of syndicated columnist stead of on a yearly budget plan as before." fair, equitable distribution must be The second part of the NUC Energy and Bill Anderson on just such a man. the Cities report deals with action that the achieved as well. Those who are constantly attacking Coalition network is taking to provide as­ With your permission, Mr. Speaker, I our system-business. industrial, and po­ sistance ln this area to its constituents, par­ would like to include in the RECORD an litical institutions, would serve their ticularly the urban poor and working poor. editorial on this subject written by Gor­ country better by remembering the James In addition to issuing monthly reports on don Duenow that appeared in the St. Scott Kempers and the men like him who Energy and the Cities, the National office has Cloud Daily Times on June 17: have contributed so much to the great­ prepared The Community Energy Workbook GASOLINE OUTLOOK NOT ENCOURAGING which suggests ways community residents ness of this Nation. Their contributions can gra.pple with the effects of this crisis. The While some motorists barrel down the have come through building and improv­ 46-page workbook is being used by the local highway with reckless abandon in apparent ing America and its institutions rathei· Coalitions as an action guide in dealing with disregard of the gasoline situation, they may than tearing them down at every oppor­ the energy shortage on a practical basis. soon reach a point of accounting. It appears that the outlook for a more plentiful supply tunity. The Anderson column follows: At local levels a number of Coalitions are [From the Chicago Tribune, July 2, 1974] also taking action steps, including: of gasoline isn't encouraging, especially in The Newark Urban Coalition has con­ the midwest. The result ls that the motorists WATERGATE: LESSON FOR A GREAT UNITED ducted public hearings, chaired by Coalition who ignore the 55 miles per hour speed STATES president Gustav Heningburg, on the impact limit are penalizing themselves and all the (By Bill Anderson) of the shortage. Representatives of city gov­ rest of us. By chance your correspondent bumped into ernment, organized labor, consumer groups There was hope that the Alaskan pipeline Ambassador James Scott Kemper the other and other organizations participated at the might eventually help the fuel .situation in day in the Chicago office of Dr. Norman R. hearings, at which Newark Housing Author­ the midwest, although it now appears that Olson, D.D.S. ity Director Earl Phillips testified that his the warnings by some midwest congressmen We call him ambassador because at one agency has established an energy conserva­ that the route to the west coast would not time Mr. Kemper was America's chief diplo­ tion program to minimize the effects of the help out in this part of the country are being matic representative to Brazil, a job he held shortage. According to Phillips, included in substantiated. with honor and distinction. We call him the program are procedures to ensure that Congressman John Zwach, in a recent news mister because, among other things, he is 87 hot water is supplied on a full-time basis, bulletin, remarked that "my fears that the years of age, amazingly spry and mentally and heat on a scheduled basis, providing a bulk of the crude oil from Alaska pipelines alert. · maximum at peak hours. may not reach the lower 48 states at all seem In fact, Mr. Kemper really didn't seem The Newark hearings also turned up some to have more credence each day." Zwach was much different than in the days a decade ago upbeat news-upbeat that is, for downtown one of those who fought for a Canadian when we observed his activities as the top merchants; retail sales in the central city route terminating in the Upper Midwest. financial man in the Republican Party and business district have increased, particularly He pointed to debate on the Senate fioor as a national committeeman from Illinois. department store sales. recently which would allow the exportation He was then and rema.lns today a direct-to­ The Flint (Mich.) Coalition has estab­ of Alaskan oil so long as the total amount the-polnt person-a straight talker who built lished a county-wide program of social serv­ of oil in the United States does not decrease. one of the great insurance empires in the ice referrals for workers laid off from General "Although the energy crisis and the current United States. Motors plants. Flint Coalition's Energy Crisis high prices should have ma.de everyone a.ware Our rather casual conversation almost im­ Committee is also "exploring the feaslb111ty that we need an increase in oil supplies and mediately turned to politics. It is almost of bringing together business and unions to not be satisfied to just hold the line, several staggering to hear about the number of Presi­ prevail upon the financial institutions to re­ major oil companies are preparing for sub­ dents that Mr. Kemper has known and ad• consider the mortgage payments situation to stantial international trading of Alaska oil," vised. They include Herbert Hoover, Harry S. avoid wholesale foreclosures of homes." Zwach said. Truman, and Dwight D. Eisenhower, to men­ The Philadelphia Coalition ls working with The congressman stated that when it gets tion a few. the black-run Provident Insurance Company into operation, the Alaska pipeline ls ex­ However, Dr. Olson was more interested in to insure that heating oil deliveries are not pected to deliver two million barrels of crude doing a little repair work on a tooth for Mr. being denied low income areas. It ts also at­ a day, but it is predicted that the west Kemper, so the conversation was broken. But tempting to set up an emergency oil reserve coast will not be able to hand.le that much later I went over to the Kemper Building on for inner city residents. so the oil would be sent to Japan. Wacker Drive, and we quickly got back into a The New Bedford (Mass.) Coalition has Middle East oil, that had been destined long conversation. urged the mayor to use "idle money" (a $50,­ for Japan, would be sent to the American Thinking about smoke-filled rooms [a ooo housing grant by United Fund which has east coast. That would leave our midwest term coined ln Chicago down at the old not been utmzed since five years ago) as a where it is now, high and dry,'' Zwach Blackstone Hotel t, I asked the ambassador if pool from which citizens can secure low tn­ warned. he ever really smoked cigars. He was chewing terest rate loan. The publisher of The New While congressmen and senators from the on one a'li the time and using 1t as sort of .a Bedford Standard Times, a board member of midwest were criticized for stalling pipeline baron to make his points stand out. Not 22224 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 really, he said. "In my entire life I have drafting language for the original bill, invested by the taxpayers in G.I. Bill educa­ smoked one cigar and one cigarette and had was the guest of honor for the occasion. tion and training have been more than re­ one cup of coffee." Warren Atherton, of California, who was paid in the increased taxes paid by the vet­ You might wonder how Mr. Kemper got eran beneficiaries of this training. into business and politics, because his pio­ national commander of the Legion the What is more difficult to measure is the neer family background is dotted with min­ year the bill was introduced, along with value of the leadership bestowed on this na­ isters. But down in Ohio, where he came other Legionnaire members of the com­ tion as a direct result of the G.I. Bill. I think from, his parents knew the Tafts and the mittee responsible for the GI bill con­ the facts speak for themselves. For one thing, other people in public life who counted in cept, were also in attendance. we have a technology unsurpassed in the those days. As a Member of the Senate in the 78th world. Our people enjoy the fruits of this Mr. Kemper recalls that when he was 15 Congress, and a strong supporter of the technology in every area from agriculture to his mother cautioned him one afternoon to medical care, and American ideas and prod­ get cleaned up because company was com­ original bill, it was a pleasure and a ucts are sought after all over the world. ing for dinner. The guest of honor was Wil­ great honor to meet with these gentle­ Our technological leadership has enabled liam Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued men to whom so many veteran bene­ us to break the chains that bind men to this orator and Presidential candidate. ficiaries of the GI bill, and to whom the planet and send our explorers into space. Our "But, mother," protested the young Kem­ Nation owes a vast debt of gratitude for leadership has given us the highest standard per, "he's a Democrat." their part in the passage of this land­ of living the world has ever known. "Yes," she replied, "but he's also a good mark legislation. I submit that all of these things were made Presbyterian." Special significance is attached to this possible because of the incredible effective­ The point of mentioning this is that a ness of that original G.I. Bill. There is no lot of the Christian virtues have stuck with 30th anniversary of the original GI bill denying the fact that for the first time in Mr. Kemper thru the years that have made because of legislation presently under the history of this nation, or the world for him one of the more noteworthy business consideration in the 93d Congress to up­ that matter, the G.I. Bill extended the pos­ successes. For one thing, Mr. Kemper has date the existing GI bill for Vietnam vet­ sibility of higher education to masses of :funded a program which has put hundreds erans and make their educational bene­ young people with brains and talent who of youngsters thru college. fits more comparable to those provided might otherwise have never realized their Companies with his mark [and there are for veterans of World War II. potential. It is this group of young people, a lot of them] have had a great track rec­ veterans of World War II and Korea, who are ord of participation in causes that are de­ Mr. John H. Geiger of Illinois, a past today's successful scientists, doctors, engi­ signed to help people. The staunch Republi­ national commander of the American neers, businessmen, as well as leaders in gov­ can speaks kindly of Truman and holds to a Legion, set the tone for the commemora­ ernment. In short, these are the people who theory struck years ago that he would rather tive plaque dedication in his remarks to make America run. be a doer than a talker. those assembled. I am pleased to include An ironic note mars this significant 30th To Mr. Kemper, money is an instrument Mr. Geiger's remarks for the benefit and anniversary of the G.I. Bill. Once again, The of stability. He is extremely worried about information of my colleagues: American Legion is in the forefront of a bat­ inflation and what it does to poor people and tle to provide a meaningful G.I. Bill of Rights, those on fixed incomes. He reminded me that REMARKS OF PAST NATIONAL COMMANDER this time for the veterans of the Vietnam JOHN H. GEIGER, JUNE 21, 1974 a debauched coin of the realm helped bring era, and once again we find ourselves alone down the ancient governments of Greece Distinguished guests, ladies and gentle­ among the organizations in this fight. and Rome. men: The American Legion has verified that the Mr. Kemper is disgusted with Watergate, On behalf of The American Legion's Na­ Vietnam veteran cannot take maximum ad­ especially with the way some of the money tional Commander Bob Eaton, whose pre­ vantage of the G .I. Bill educational opportu­ was raised by the Commitee to Reelect the arranged schedule called for a visit in an­ nities without a vastly improved G.I. Bill of President. He thinks there ought to be other part of the country today, I welcome Rights. It's a matter of simple economics. decency in politics-and he points to the you to this ceremony for the purpose of The monthly stipend, even with the increases late Sen. Robert A. Taft [R., O.] as a fine dedicating a plaque marking this room as an proposed by certain Congressional Commit­ example, a person "without guile." historic site. tees, the Administration, and endorsed by And, while that other insurance tycoons As you know, the Mayflower Hotel has an other veterans groups, simply will not stretch get most of the "positive thinking" public­ ongoing "History In The Making" program far enough to meet the high cost of school ity, Mr. Kemper is very firm in his own for­ of marking rooms in this famous hotel where attendance. ward look. He says that Watergate is a les­ events of historical significance took place. son that every American should take to To be sure, we want increases in the This room is the place where our guest of monthly payment to compensate for the ero­ heart. It is a lesson, he says, that should honor, Past Legion National Commander sion of the dollar. But what we consider make everyone sit back for a moment and Harry Colmery, labored through many days then come to the conclusion that this really really essential is a separate tuition payment and nights drafting Legion recommendations to the learning institution after the manner is a great country-one well worth pro­ for one of the most significant and remark­ tecting. in which payment was authorized for the vet­ able pieces of legislation ever passed by any erans of World War II. "The electorate should awaken to this re­ nation-the original "G.I. Bill of Rights," sponsibility," he said. Maybe the G. 0. P. in We note with considerable pleasure the which today marks its 30th anniversary. Senate action of this past Wednesday in Washington should try to get Mr. Kemper, We are honored to have with us today, in even at 87, back as party finance chairman. voting a G.I. Bill package which-while not addition to Mr. Colmery, a number of the as generous as our mandates have called prominent Legionnaires who helped spear­ for-none-the-less represents an enormous head the G .I. Bill. I should like to recognize improvement over previous proposals. We 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF GI BILL OF Mr. Warren Atherton, the Legion National were particularly pleased with the provision RIGHTS Commander at the time the original G.I. in the Senate bill authorizing tuition pay­ Bill passed the Congress, and the man who ments ranging up to $750 per year under labored tirelessly before the Congress on its certain conditions, but we believe even this behalf. amount needs upward revision in some HON. CLAUDE PEPPER These farsighted Legionnaires, and Legion instances. OF FLORIDA colleagues now deceased, fought a. long, hard While the Senate action is a great step IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and very lonely battle against seemingly in­ forward. the new G.I. Bill must now go to a surmountable odds to insure passage of the Senate-House Conference Committee for Wednesday, July 3, 1974 original G.I. Bill. The American Legion was final resolution of the very considerable Mr. PEPPER. Mr. Speaker, on June 21 supported by no other veterans organiza­ differences in the versions of the bill passed I had the honor of attending a ceremony tion in this fight and faced the opposition by the two branches of the Congress. These sponsored by the American Legion dedi­ of several powerful members of the Con­ conferees have an unprecedented opportunity gress, including some committee chairmen. to present the Vietnam veteran with a viable cating a commemorative plaque in suite The reason for that opposition, perhaps was G.I. Bill, and the American Legion urges 570 of the Mayflower Hotel, scene of the the fact that the Legion's G.I. Bill was social retention of the Senate version intact as drafting of what later became the GI legislation without precedent. the only means to insure this viability and bill of rights-Public Law 346 of the Also present a.re a number of incumbent thus solve the many problems besetting the 78th Congress-which was signed by Congressmen who were members of the 78th current G.I. Bill program. President Roosevelt on June 22, 1944. Congress when the G.I. Bill became law, and We believe that anything less than the Present on this occasion were several we thank you, gentleman, for taking time Senate bill proposals will deny hundreds of from your busy schedule to be with us on this thousands of Vietnam veterans the oppor­ distinguished gentlemen who played sig­ occasion. tunity for training they should be able to nificant roles in the creation of this There is no way to attach a dollar value receive under the G.I. Bill. The American landmark legislation. Former American to the benefits that have accrued to the na­ Legion does not intend to let that happen. Legion National Commander Harry Col­ tion as a direct result of the G.I. Bill. We As in 1944, we are in a fight to the finish mery of Kansas, who spent long hours know that the twenty-nine billion dollars and we intend to come out of that fight with July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22225 a G .I. Bill the Vietnam veteran can use The citizens of Alaska were, indeed, Boston has been the most expensive city successfully. in which to buy, rent or maintain a home It is our strong view that the G.I. Bili in wise to have chosen Ernest Gruening to champion their cause for statehood. or apartment for the past five years. For its present form makes .a "mockery" of the two years, it has had the highest Social intent of the authors of the original G..I. Bill With the successful acWevement of this Security and income taxes. Throughout the to insure the veteran an opportunity to join goal, they elected him their Senator. seven years in which the Labor Dept. has the mainstream of American life in exchange And, through his great love and respect done the budget study, it has had about the for his military service. Those who would for the state and her people, he served highest food costs. deny the improvements we have proposed them long and well. This is not to say Boston is without ad­ totally ignore the tremendous force for good The following short story, taken from vantages. Transportation, clothing and medi­ in this nation the original G.I. Bill was and a Midrash portion of the Five Books of cal care are three items which are con­ continues to be. siderably less expensive here than elsewhere. In closing. I want to call to your attention Moses, perhaps best captures my feel­ Transportation is cheaper than in nine the items of memorabilia, taken from the ings on the loss of this great man: cities, largely because some of the high taxes American Legion museum in Indianapolis, Two ships were once seen near land. One pay about 70 percent of the ~200 million we have one display. We have one of the of them was leaving the harbor, and the cost of operating the MBTA. pens used in signing the original G.I. Bill by other was coming into it. Everyone was "We have relatively low transit fares, but President Franklin D. Roosevelt, a photo of cheering the outgoing ship, giving it a hearty property and personal taxes make up for it," the signing ceremony showing Congressional send-off. But the incoming ship was scarcely according to Paul McBride, transportation leaders and Legion officials with the Presi­ noticed. specialist for the Metropolitan Area Plan­ dent, and a copy of the original Bill. A wise man standing nearby explained ning Council. I would like at this time to ask Mr. the people's reaction. "Rejoice not," he said, In Boston, people drive fewer miles and Colmery and Mr. Atherton to join me and "over the ship that is setting out to sea, for use public transportation more than in many we will then respond to your questions con­ you know not what destiny awaits it, what other cities and this tends to drive down cerning the G.I. Bill, both past and present. storms it may encounter, what dangers lurk the transportation cost, according to the Thaiik you. before it. Rejoice rather over the ship that Labor Dept. has reached port safely and brought back all It is cheaper to buy clothes here than in its passengers in peace." 31 other cities surveyed by the Labor Dept. It is the way of the world, that when a Fred Glantz, regional economist for the A TRIBUTE TO HON. ERNEST H. human being is born, all rejoice, but when Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, attributed GRUENING he dies, all sorrow. It should be the other this to the fact that textiles are one of few way around. No one can tell what troubles consumer goods manufactured in Massachu­ await the developing child on its journey setts, even though more factories leave the through life. But when a man has lived well state ea.ch year. As this has happened. Bos­ HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. and dies in peace, all should rejoice, for he tons' relative advantage has declined. OF NEW JERSEY has completed his journey successfully and But the more costly items-housing, food IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES he is departing from this world with the im­ and taxes--take nearly two-thirds of an perishable crown of a good name. average family's budget. (An average family, Tuesday, July 2, 1974 the government assumes, is a 38-year-old man, his nonworking wife, a 13-year-old son Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker~ the re­ and an eight-year-old daughter.) cent passing of former Senator Ernest COST OF LIVING IN BOSTON Economists like Glantz have difficulty pin­ Gruening was greeted by me wlth a pointing the reason for the high cost of liv­ special kind of sadness. For Senator ing. He believes it is a combination of fac­ Gruening was a man whose leadership, HON. JOE MOAKLEY tors. integrity, and commitment to the cause OF MASSACHUSETTS Some of it is due to strict economics. The most important cause seems to be geography: of justice and peace touched upon all ow· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lives. From the words he delivered as New England is a cold region, far from the editor of the Nation to the debates he led Wednesday, July 3, 1974 sources of raw materials. And there are many who say Bostonians on the Senate floor, Senator Gruening Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, an ex­ simply have an expensive life-style. It is an listened always to the counsel of his own cellent article by Ms. Ann Mary Currier attractive place to live, they contend, and the conscience. And, in so doing, in refusing appeared in the Boston Globe on Sun­ number of people moving in pushes housing to compromise with his own and our day, June 30. The article helps to ex­ prices up. Also, its highly-educated residents Nation's most cherished ideals, he served plain why the overall cost of living is demand many tax-supported services and eat to open our eyes to greater understand­ higher in Boston than in any other city more expensive food than many other Amer­ ings. in the continental United States. More icans. Senator Gruening embraced the cause Businessmen are going to charge more for importantly, however, the article makes the goods they sell when their costs are high, of peace when it was a lonely cause, clear that my constituents in Boston and land and utility costs in Boston are speaking out to end our involvement in have been particularly hard-hit by to­ higher than elsewhere. the Vietnam war long before others days' skyrocketing prices. For the in­ It costs $404 per year or 11 percent more, chose to join him in his commitment. As formation of my colleagues, I insert Ms. for housing in Boston than in the next most a young medical student treating large Currier's article at this point in the expensive metropolitan area New York. The families of poor and starving children, RECORD: Labor Dept. reported that moderate-income housing in Boston cost $4,029 last fall, com­ the acute need for family assistance BOSTON: THE COLD, THE LIFESTYLE DRIVE planning left its impression on him. His pared with $3,625 in New York. COST OF LIVING TO TOP Economists and contractors give several call for population control was years (By Ann Mary Currier) explanations: ahead of the majority of his countrymen. Bostonians woke up recently to what High property taxes. It is difficult to trace the germination looked like a surprise: They live in the most The need for more heat, insulation, strong­ of an idea and to pinpoint exactly when expensive urban area on the mainland United er foundations and more repairs in a cold that idea becomes an integral part of our States. But it really was nothing new. climate than in warmer areas. awareness. As Director of the Popula­ The announcement by the US Labor Dept. A large number of single-member house­ tion Crisis Committee and as an ardent may have startled some :people, but the fact holds, which creates a heavy demand for critic of our activities in Southeast Asia, is the entire Northeast is more expensive housing and pushes rents upwards. than other areas of the country, and Boston The need for permits, rezoning and en­ Senator Gruening was a crucial figure in has always been close to the top. It moved vironmental studies, which often tie up valu­ this educational process. And, when he to the top of the list three years ago, and able land and push up its costs. was recommended to the Nobel Peace has stayed there. Massachusetts has nearly the highest prop­ Prize Committee, all who knew him well Here a family of four needs $14,893 to erty taxes in the nation. In 1969, a Federal strongly endorsed his selection. maintain a moderate standard of living, study showed ave·rage property tax bill here At the age of 87, he never really had $2267 more than the national average. of $882, twice the $453 average for the na­ grown old. His energy, his ideas, his To many natives, this was no surprise. tion as a whole. In 1970, only New Hampshire, dreams were the thoughts and feelings They grew up hearing .about "Taxachusetts." New Jersey and Wisconsin had higher tax of our younger generation. He was an They know that with no oil refineries New bills. individual who cared deeply about jus­ England is an expensive place in which to "We rely much more heavily -on property heat a home. They know it costs more to taxes than do other states," Glantz said. tice, turning all his efforts toward fts transport food to the nation's northeastern Arthur P. Solomon, associate direct.or of the realization. corner. Joint Center for Urban Studies of Harvard- 22226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 MIT, pointed out that the large amount of pensate for for high shipping costs with its insurance business as presently consti­ tax-free property-chl...rches, schools, hos­ homegrown fruits and vegetables. tuted was unequivocal: pital in the area places an added burden on Goldberg believes supermarkets could over­ In summary, the existing system ill serves homeowners. come some of these obstacles by buying in the accident victim, the insuring public and Heating home in Boston is more expensive greater bulk and using central warehouses. society. It allocates benefits poorly, discour­ than elsewhere because fuel costs more, not "No one likes to admit they need each ages rehabilitation and overburdens the because more fuel is used than in other cold other," he said, "but if we don't get these courts and legal system. Both on the record cities. competitive rates, we are penalizing our con­ of its performance and on t he logic of its op­ A staff member of the Metropolit an Area sumers here." eration, it does little if anything to minimize Plan ning Council, who asked not to be iden­ While he said supermarkets in the North­ crash losses. tified, said there is a 1.6 percent vacancy rate east clear about a half-penny in profit on in Greater Boston, an "extremely low" figure each dollar of sales less than anywhere else The bill I am introducing would pro­ because "Boston is considered a desirable in the nation. Goldberg did suggest they are vide for first-party benefits of up to a place to live by lots of people." keeping prices high to protect themselves limit of $10,000 for medical payments, "The demographic composition of the city against rapid changes in the price of raw has a lot to do with the cost of housing," materials. wage loss, and rehabilitation. The States Glantz said. "There's lots of sharing (young "Retailers have taken advantage of the would be free to enact State legislation people living together in apartments) and volatility of the current market," he said. providing for higher benefits, if that is this ... bids up the cost of an apartment." "They're so fearful, they're building cushions their desire. In addition, under my bill Families cannot compete, he continued, which if they don't have to use, will turn I do not disturb an individual's right to and "a house becomes a feasible alternative out to be additional profit for them and sue if he has been injured by another which bids up the price of owner-occupied additional costs to consumers." party and can prove that the other party dwellings." Officials of the major chains serving New is at fault. However, I provide that the Garen Bresnick, attorney for the Massachu­ England have argued that th~y are still re­ setts Homebuilders Assn., said housing costs couping from the era when their prices were injured party could receive benefits only are high because "all factors combined add controlled and their raw product costs were in excess of those benefits already re­ up to more difficulties than in other areas." not. ceived under the no-fault coverage. For In particular, he cited "a myriad of ad­ Finally, there are taxes. example, if a person wishes to sue, he ministrative difficulties"-environmental im­ Personal taxes in Boston-mainly income­ would first have to prove negligence on pact reports, wetlands permits sewer mora­ last fall averaged $2353 for a. moderate fam­ the part of the person who injured him toria, and water connection charges. ily-$682, or 29 percent, above the national and, secondly, he would have to show The costs and difficulties involved in build­ average. that his damages are in excess of medical ing has decreased the amount o<: construc­ As high as that is, there are many who tion. The value of issued permits declined don't consider taxes a problem, since they payments already received or the wage 29 percent from 1972 to 1973, according believe the area provides a high-level of loss already received. However, in an ac­ to the State Dept. of Community Affairs. services. tion for general damages, he would not The fa.ct that this has happened at a Thomas Juster, program director of the be able to introduce in the case evidence time when more people are moving to the Survey Research Center of the University of his paid medical expenses and wage area has only compounded the supply prob­ of Michigan, said: "Most people don't prefer loss. lem and pushed up costs. to live in a low-cost area. The areas in high We find the insurance buyer is a much Boston's food costs, meanwhile, are 6.5 demand are going to be high-cost areas." more articulate consumer today. He will percent above the national average, but still Glantz said many Boston suburbs have second to New York City's. high real estate taxes but also excellent not tolerate arbitrary cancellations and Both Glantz and Ray A. Goldberg, profes­ schools. He believes Massachusetts has a insurance he cannot afford to buy. He sor at Harvard Business School and chair­ much higher level of government services views his insurance premiums as part of man of the Governor's Food Commission, said than elsewhere." the cost of getting a new license plate. the main reason is the cost of transporting He does not want to feel that in buying food. car insurance he has merely purchased The cost of raw products averages above FEDERAL NO-FAULT AUTOMOBILE the capability to handle a lawsuit should 40 percent of the retail price of food, Gold­ INSURANCE ACT one come his way. He is willing to accept berg said. Therefore, the closer the con­ sumer is to the source of food, the less, he the responsibility of protecting the other should pay. HON. JAMES T. BROYHILL driver, but he feels his insurance should Unfortunately, Boston isn't close to any­ give him the same first-party coverage thing but the few thousand New England OF NORTH CAROLINA as does his fire and health insurance. farms which grow produce during the short IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES It is my intention in introducing this summers. Wednesday, July 3, 1974 national minimum standards bill to offer According to Glantz and Goldberg, it costs a constructive alternative to the Senate­ more to ship to New England because: Mr. BROYHILL of North Carolina. Mr. passed measure, S. 354, as well as H.R. 10 -It is farther from the food producers. Speaker, today, I am introducing a bill and H.R. 13714. S. 354 imposes standards Beef and grain come f:·om the Midwest, that would establish minimum Federal produce from Florida or California. which would be very difficult for many no-fault automobile insurance standards. States to meet. I am convinced that the -Rates approved by the Interstate Com­ I am introducing this as an alternative merce Commission (ICC) discriminate minimum standards I am proposing, against New England. to the Senate-passed bill, S. 354, which however, would not create an undue -Antiquated, inefficient rails and equip­ I feel goes too far, and which is pending ha::.-dship in the States, and they would ment make it more costly to ship goods to before my Subcommittee on Commerce off er the possibility of lower premium New England. and Finance of the Interstate and For­ rates for most drivers, broader coverage -The region has few processing plants and eign Commerce Committee. Because for most victims, and quicker, more equi­ must import processed food, which costs hearings are scheduled to begin next table payment to those less seriously in­ more than raw products. "The economics of week, Tuesday, July 9, I wanted an alter­ industry say locate as close as possible to jured. The minimum standards approach native to be introduced now, so that it would give the States a framework with­ the source," Glantz explained. can be considered along with S. 354. Railroads, truckers and the ICC disputed in which to reform their auto repara­ the contention that rates discriminate I am an advoc.ate of the no-fault auto­ tions mechanism. against New Englanders, and said the major mobile insurance concept. I feel that it is reason for high rates is distance. an idea whose time has come. As I stated Carl Tornquist, operations manager of in August of 1972, to North Carolina Gov­ Refrigerated Food Express, Inc., said: "it's ernor Scott's Commission on Automobile SECRETARY MORTON'S REMARKS pretty well set up by mileage." A truck has Insurance and Rates: CONCERNING ESTABLISHMENT OF got to get X amount of cents per mile." The time is right for the States to take the THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE Robert McCoy, manager of pricing opera­ initiative upon themselves in instituting tions for the Penn Central Railroad, said it their own programs, both to implement the costs a.bout $1000 to ship 19 tons of beef needed reform a.nd to indicate their willing­ HON. JOHN D. DINGELL ness to act in this field. from Des Moines, Iowa, to Boston. "New York OF MICHIGAN would be a little less and Portland a little more," he said. Unfortunately, the States have been IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "We're a very dependent area," Solomon slow in acting and the pleas for Federal Wednesday, July 3, 1974 said, "Other areas can balance it off." For action are growing. example, although Florida. may be as far from The conclusion of the Department of Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, pursuant the stockyards as the Northeast, it can com- Transportation's study of the automobile to permission granted I insert into the July 3, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22227 RECORD the remarks of Secretary of the It is only through this cooperative inter­ (Pinus banksiana). But not just any jack Interior Rogers Morton concerning es­ governmental relationship that biological in­ pine will do; the warbler selects only those formation can be brought to bear effectively pines that range from 6 to 15 feet in height. tablishment of the U.S. Fish and Wild­ at all decision levels. At least 80 acres of dense trees, with inter­ life Service on June 25~ 1974. Of course, a mandate to provide biological mlxed small openings, are needed for each By act of Congress the Bureau was re­ services ls hollow without the resources and colony of "jack pine" warbler. named effective July 1 after completing the institu1;ional pathways to make it hap­ Logging and the subsequent fires during long years of distinguished service to the pen. I believe that those in the Fish and the early 1900's in this part of Michigan American people and to the cause of Wildlife Service would agree that this up­ provided ideal conditions for colonies of the conservation. coming fiscal year-1975-will probably be a tiny warbler. The effectiveness of recent fire That distinguished conservation or­ very good year in terms of both new dollars prevention and suppression programs, how­ and expanded position ceilings. I've stated, ever, have reduced nesting habitat for the ganization under the able leadership of in formulating the 1976 fiscal year budget, warblers. Today, through the efforts of con­ Director Greenwalt, Assistant Secretary that "the Department will do everything pos­ cerned individuals, organizations, and gov­ of the Interior, Nathaniel Reed, and our sible to overcome the energy crisis." But also, ernment agencies, this habitat is being main­ old friend and former colleague, the the 1976 budget would "reflect my firm con­ tained and preserved. Honorable Rogers Morton, can look for­ viction ... that we should not relax our The Michigan Department of Natural Re­ ward to still other and greater accom­ environmental concern. In fact, we are going sources and the U.S. Forest Service have de­ plishments in the days ahead. to have to increase our efforts to ensure that veloped special programs to provide warbler The remarks of the Secretary of the increased domestic fuel supplies are not pro­ habitat on both state and federal land. Pro­ duced at the price of environmental degra­ gram work includes controlled burning, spe­ Interior Morton follow: dation." cial forest harvesting, tree planting, and ac­ SECRETARY MORTON'S REMARKS CONCERNING In terms of institutional arrangements to quiring private lands where this rare species ESTABLISHMENT OF THE FISH AND WILDLIFE allow the results of these increased resources of warbler is concentrated. SERVICE to be effectively used, we are reviewing a A spring flight takes the Kirtland's warbler In less than one week the Bureau of Sport number of arrangements on how this Depart­ from its winter home in the Abaco Islands Fisheries and Wildlife will become the Fish ment does business. For example, procedures of the Bahamas to Michigan's droughty sand and Wildlife Service. What is in a name? I are being reviewed to determine the most plains. There, nesting colonies are concen­ don't ask this as a rhetorical question. responsive means by which this Department trated mainly in Crawford and Oscoda Coun­ I believe the key word in this new title can handle its various leasing efforts, be they ties, between the towns of Grayling and is "Service." Certainly, Director Greenwalt geothermal, Outer Continental Shelf oil and Mio. and I have a common understanding-a gas, oil shale, coal, or whatever. I want pro­ Census counts in 1961 revealed the warbler shared perception-of what service means in cedures that will assume the best possible population to be approximately 1,000. In 1972, the context of fish and wildlife and today's development choices from both an energy the count had gone down to 400. What caused and tomorrow's world. commodity production aspect and from an this decline? Apparently habitat conditions The Fish and Wildlife Service has an in­ environmental standpoint. In all candor, I in the Bahamas and in Michigan remained creasingly more critical role to play as de­ will probably have to assume success if no satisfactory. Guilt focused on the brown­ cislonmakers try to balance development of one is entirely happy. But then, whether we headed cowbird, an emigrant from the west­ this Nation's natural resources with en­ speak of either the Department of the Inte­ ern plains. vironmental quality-national economic rior or the Fish and Wildlife Service, what The problem arises when the female cow­ growth with social costs if you will. Deci­ makes life interesting is the multiple con­ bird lays her eggs in the warbler's nest. sions made today will shape and structure stituencies we serve. This brings about several effects detrimental the lives of our children, and our children's In fact, that is why I'm pleased with this to the warbler population. The warblers in­ children. This is the thought I keep in my change in name to the Fish and Wildlife advertently raise the young cowbirds instead mind as the decisions of the day are made Service-it better reflects the key role to be of their own young, that is, if they don't in what some term "our crisis-oriented played-to serve! abandon their nest. In laying her unwanted times." eggs, the cowbird may destroy the already About two years ago I challenged the Bu­ present warbler eggs. If the warbler eggs are reau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife to be­ not destroyed, death is usually inevitable for come "the biological arm of the Federal Gov­ the nestling warblers because they can't com­ ernment for wildlife resources." Implicit in KIRTLAND'S WARBLER MAY BE that statement was my desire that I could AROUND FOR A LONG TIME pete for food with the much larger cowbird look within the Department to one group of young. professionals to supply me with the biologi­ '!'he U.S. Department of the Interior's cal or ecological aspects needed in my de­ HON. PHILIP E. RUPPE Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife has cisionmaking process. In a sense, I wanted OF MICHIGAN initiated a program to catch cowbirds. In the summer of 1972, nearly 2,000 of the an internally generated independent view of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the biological costs of alternative choices. unwanted intruders were caught, and Kirt­ ['m personally pleased with the steps that Wednesday, July 3, 1974 land's warbler production per nest was the highest ever recorded. have been rtaken toward that end. I wm actu­ Mr. RUPPE. Mr. Speaker, one of our ally be even more pleased when I am faced Kirtland's warbler nesting grounds are in with even harder choices, for this will mean Nation's most precious natural resources, an area covered by the newly formed Huron that the real biological costs are part of the its wildlife, is being increasingly threat­ Pines Resource Conservation and Develop­ decision equation. ened by the encroachment of man. At the ment Project. Jeremy Jones, chairman of the The Fish and Wildlife Service's Biologi­ present time, 109 domestic species, as Crawford County RC&D Committee, has in­ cal Services effort ls on the launch pad. In­ well as 300 foreign species, are on the dicated that his commitee supports the activ­ depth biological information on ecosystems brink of extinction; and many more spe­ ities of organizations trying to preserve the which would likely be seriously affected by cies will be endangered in the foreseeable tiny warbler. Jones said, "Because of the development, frankly, cannot be made avail­ combined efforts of interested groups and in­ able to me too soon. It is precisely this type future. I would therefore like to call my dividuals, this is one endangered species that of information that will help me to surface­ colleague's attention to an article which should be around for a long time. The Kirt­ that one best alternative on each project as appeared in the March 1974 issue of Soil land's warbler will be around to thrlll those the Nation moves toward an adequate leve;J. Conservation magazine. Thanks to the who take the time and patience to quietly of energy self-sufficiency. combined efforts of Federal agencies, wait and watch for this unique little crea­ I do not imply that service on biological State. agencies, and local organizations, ture." aspects is geared to me or to my office an endangered species in my district, alone. It is this same role of providing the Kirtland's warbler, may be around objective, timely biological information and for a long time. ADMINISTRATION PUT AGRICUL­ technical assistance that ls being requested TURE IN SQUEEZE in ever greater quantities and of ever greater The article follows: quality by the total Federal community. AN ENDANGERED SPECIES THRIVES IN NORTH­ Again, I look to the Fish and Wildlife Serv­ ERN MICHIGAN HON. JOHN M. ZWACH ice to carry out that Departmental assign­ (By Glenn E. Lamberg) OF MINNESOTA ment--to provide that service. The Kirtland's warbler, a unique and en­ With each State Department of Natural dangered species, is thriving in the burned­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Resources, the Fish and Wildlife Service is over jack pine plains near the Au Sllible Wednesday, July 3, 1974 jointly performing this role to the private River in northeastern lower Michigan. The conservation agencies and to the public. nesting colony there is the only one known in Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, we all have In a national sense, it is these State enti­ the world. been hearing of the problems of our live­ ties and the Fish and Wildlife Service that This shy warbler is very demanding in its stock producers and feeders, problems serve as partners in being both guardian nesting requirements. It builds its nest on caused by unlimited beef imports, a price and advocate of our living natural resources. the dry sand at the base of the jack pine freeze, and other Government interfer- 22228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 3, 1974 ence whlch has driven many of our live­ bank service? One banker replied: "Approx­ suggest that 1n addition to emergency loans, stock people to near bankruptcy. imately 30 separate lines are submarginal. a better marketing system, one with less The other day the House Committee on Many more are on the border line and Will fiuctua.tion, one that provides better bal­ show a loss if the market fa.ils to pick up. ance between the cost of production and Agriculture, on which I serve~ passed out Most of these losses can be covered by other agriculture prices to the consumer is essen­ a bill to provide loans to those cattlemen c<>llateral but will put the customer out of tial. who have exhausted other credit possi­ business i! he liquidates the debt." Another bilities. responded: "Most of the livestock producers We vitally need that legislation to pro­ and feeders in my area need help and need A LEGACY OF INDIVIDUAL WORTH tect our future food supply. it now. Most of our cattlemen have sustained While we were considering this bill 1n very heavy losses and will take some two to five yea.rs to stage a comeback finan­ HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL committee, it was a pleasure to hear cially." Another responded: "Six very bad testimony from Pat Dubois, of our Min­ ones plus another 20-30 that will lose a OF NEW YORK nesota Sixth Congressional District, bundle." Another responded: "About two IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES president of the First National Bank of million dollars consisting of six big borrow­ Wednesday, July 3, 1974 Sauk Centre and chairman of the In­ ers." Another responded: "AU-approxi­ dependent Bankers Association of Amer­ mately two million dollars." Another re­ Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, 6 years ica Agriculture-Rural America Commit­ sponded: "Every feeder cattle line is or could after his death, America is still struggling tee. be classified as a distress situation." Another to come to grips with the true meaning For the enlightenment of my colleagues responded: "I talked to officers in the live­ and spirit of Martin Luther King, Jr. stock loan department of four banks in our Clearly, he was a g1·eat and extraordinary and to impress upon them the need for area. Everyone a.greed that a loan of this this loan legislation which we soon are type would be helpful to some of their custo­ human being. Yet. great individuals are to consider, I insert Mr. Dubois' testi­ mers, and one bank indicated this is the only complex and difficult to define. Today, mony in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: way several of their customers can continue men of strong conscience continue to The Independent Bankers Association of in the livestock business." remember Martin Luther King and ex­ America is a national organization with over In response to our request for recom­ amine his legacy. 7,200 member community banks in 41 states. mendations as to how problems confront­ On March 22, 1974, National Urban Two-thirds of our members are located in ing the livestock industry could be allevi­ Coalition president M. Carl Holman de­ towns With a population of 5,000 or less. ated, the responses are not consistent. Sug­ livered a tribute to Dr. King at the Uni­ Ninety per cent of our banks do business in gestions are ma.de that the government re­ duce or stop imports, that livestock be mar­ versity of Notre Dame Center for Civil communities of under 30,000. Consequently, Rights. The text of his speech, entitled our Association has had a tradition of inter­ keted at less weight, that emergency loans est in all matters involving rural America. be provided, that price manipulation and "Martin Luther King-A Legacy of In­ That ongoing concern is now directed toward speculation be reduced, that the government dividual Worth,'' is submitted for the the problems of the livestock industry and purchase for school and poor programs, that consideration of my colleagues: its relationship to rural communities, our an extensive sales campaign be undertaken, MARTIN LUTHER KING--A LEGACY OF member banks and consumers. that public law 480 be used, and that a sec­ INDIVIDUAL WORTH ondary market for guaranteed government On June 12th, we invited member banks, (Following is a tribute to Dr. Martin Luther representing a cross section of our member­ loans be provided so that rural banks could recover funds for other community finan­ King given by National Urban Coalition pres­ ship to respond to a questionnaire. The re­ ident M. Carl Holman at the University of sponses received heightened our concern for cial needs. Notre Dame Center for Civil Rights, at a a major segment of agriculture, the livestock Information provided in response to ques­ tion 4 (should the government provide a dedication dinner for the Kresge Law Library producer and feeder. on March 22, 1974.) We questioned our members in the follow- program to assist the livestock industry) They called him Dr. King, Martin Luther ing areas: develops a consensus that the problem the King, Jr., Martin King, Martin, ML., the 1. Are you ma.king loans to the livestock livestock industry finds itself in has been Lawd--:first lovingly by the young of the stu­ Industry? caused by government intervention: dent movement, then fl.awed with ironic sad- The price freeze in the spring of 1973 with­ 2. Are your livestock borrowers experienc- ness.... ing difficulty? out corresponding retail regulations, the For some of the many here who knew Mar­ 3. How many distressed livestock loans does truck strike in February 1974 and the open­ tin Luther King, it must seem almost another your bank service? ing up of imports from other countries. It age since the time when he was alive, and 4. Should the government provide a pro­ appears that the administration, whether in­ smiling and walking among us; making us gram to assist the livestock industry? tentionally or not, has put agriculture in a believe in the reality of the huma.n brother­ 5. Provided a. government program is estab­ squeeze that seriously affects the broad sec­ hood he envisioned through the kindling lished, what loan dollar amount is needed tor of rural America. power of his presence and of that voice which ln your area? In summary, the Independent Bankers As­ has like no ot her. 6. Do you have any recommendations as sociation of America supports emergency leg­ For some who were there, it may seem not to how the problems confronting the live­ islation for the livestock industry. Specifi­ six years or more, but only yesterday since stock industry could be alleviated? ca·1y, we support bank participation loans they were living through the fear or exalta­ 7. Should IBAA become involved in this 90% guaranteed by the Department of Agri­ tion, fatigue or frustration of Montgomery, type o:r legislation? culture through the Farmers Home Admin­ Albany, Selma, Canton, Cicero, Memphis. And Based upon responses to our question- istration. We support a loan limit of one it is still hard to understand that neither the naires, we find that: million dollars with at least seven years color prints nor high-fidelity electronic 1. 85 % of those responding are making amortization and with an interest rate that records can make a child born after August loans to the livestock industry. is negotiable between the :financial institu­ 28, 1963 understand what that day was like, 2. 67 % are making feeder loans. tion and the borrower as permitted by law. what the March on Washington meant, what 3. 78 % a.re making cow calf loans. We support sufficient guaranty authority, at it seemed to promise. ~. 70% are making hog loans. least three billion dollars, exempt from other And it was only last week that a very young 5. 84% of banks making livestock loans FHA budgets and we urge that a provision man said of another assembly, "I can under­ find their livestock borrowers experiencing be made for a secondary market to provide stand why they went to Gary last year-be­ difficulty. that guaranteed FHA loans may be marketed cause Dick Hatcher, a Black man, ls mayor 6. 71 % of banks making livestock loans in the major money markets in order that there. But why Little Rock?" In a country have livestock loans in distress. the originating bank may recover funds for which never much ca.red for history, it is a In this category, respondents indicate other loan needs in its community. We fur­ very perishable commodity indeed. anywhere from one to all feeder loans in ther suggest that emergency loans be lim­ But assuredly Martin Luther King mad& difficulty, some indicating 15, 20, 25, 30 or ited to livestock producers who are bona:fide history. Most of the tired, often specious 100 individual loans distressed. cattle or hog operators who are in business arguments over legal or legislative versus '1. 67% feel that government assistance and depend upon most of their income from direct action approaches no longer interest should be quickly provided. their feeder or cow calf operation and who us. The lawyers and the courts, the legislators 8. The degree of emergency financial as­ have exhausted their usual source of credit. and presidents, the incredibly courageous sistance varies from $35,000.00 per borrower Many independent bankers feel that the young rebels of SNCC, along with NAACP, up to 21/:z million dollars with a majority problem that confronts the livestock indus­ CORE, the Urban League-all played their suggesting one million dollars. try also involves the welfare of rural com­ part. The Churches, and synagogues, unions Perhaps as interesting as the above tabula­ munities, the consumer and financial insti­ and women's groups, for a time made "white tions, however, are narrative comments. I tutions that are involved. We are concerned and black together" more than a wishful would like to elaborate on some of these that unless assistance is provided, financial phrase. The laws went on the books. Some that seem representative of current condi­ institutions will be forced to limit credit doors long sea.led shut reluctantly swung tions. For example, to our question: How extensions and require liquidation of inade­ open. It was possible finally to have Black many distressed livestock loans does your quately collateralized livestock loans. We voters in numbers that could not be lg• July 8, 1974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 22229 nored-and thus possible to have Black May­ between staying in the good graices of a presi­ said on a spring evening in Memphis si:ic ors and state legislators and enough Blacks dent, or Martin Luthe.r King, Sr. years ago. Few of us can climb that moun­ in the Congress to form a caucus. As a peace-maker, Martin was a practi­ taintop from which he gazed. Fewer still No small part of this must be credited, both tioner of the nonviolence he preached, even find it possible even to imagine-much less by disciples and detractors, to Martin Luther under the most trying circumstances. He in­ see-through the murkiness of these days of King-visionary, sometime pragmatist, peace­ spired and held together in creative harmony deceit and greedy indifference-the promised breaker, peace-maker. a collection of highly individualistic lieuten­ land which he envisioned. Peace-breaker. . .. so much so that he was ants: Ralph Abernathy, Fred Shuttlesworth, Last week, in San Francisco, the former feared as an "outside agitator" after he and Wyatt Walker, Jim Bevel, Hosea Williams, leader of the Philippines insurgent move­ Rosa Parks and Ralph Abernathy and the Andy Young. Yoking these talents and tem­ ment said that he had come to visit America. other nameless townspeople of Montgomery peraments in one unit is in itself qualifica­ He wanted us to be sure which America he had upset the peace of that town and won tion for the Nobel Prize. I recall a jam­ meant. "The America", he said, "of Abra­ their bus boycott battle. There were even packed church one night, seething with out­ ham Lincoln, Franklin Roosevelt--and those in his native Atlanta who doubted it rage over an agreement with White leader­ Martin Luther King, Jr." was wise for us to have young Martin King ship which many Blacks considered a be­ It is perhaps not too hard to see what this come home to give the NAACP's Emancipa­ trayal. It was Martin who took the floor when Brown man, the former guerrilla general, tion Day Address. Atlanta being then "a city all else had failed. He prevented the Black might see as linking himself and Martin too busy to hate"-and rather smugly com­ community from tearing itself apart that King-a shared history of imprisonment, placement about it . Sure enough, Martin was night, and showed the way to a resumption harrassment, the passionate drive to liber­ barely off the train before he frowned in the of the struggle and, eventually, to a much ate a people. But it might seem strange to direction of the " White-only" waiting room more genuine and just conclusion. his questioners that a revolutionary, who and quietly asked the welcoming delegation, Even a't the height of his fame, some peo­ sought freedom through violence, should so "When are we going to do something about ple were embarrassed by, skeptical of, Mar­ admire Martin King, the prophet of non­ that?" Some very awkward moments followed, tin's reliance on those old-timey, churchy, violent revolution. As strange as the irony everyone being sure that Jim-Crow signs in wooden-bench notions which seemed out of of thousands of urban Blacks who had never perhaps the proudest city in the South was place in a plasticized modern world: justice, marched in his campaigns, burning cities in a problem all right-but surely somebody righteousness, redemptive love, brotherhood. response to Martin's assassination. Perhaps the visitor from the Philippines else's problem. But scab-infested children in the muddy already knows that Martin's America has Later, Martin was out of step again when yards of Mississippi towns seemed to under­ only rarely existed in actuality. But if we everyone else, including some of his own stand him. When Sterling Brown writes of are to find our way back again to the pain­ SCLC board members, had the good sense to grown Black men whose eyes could not meet ful task of making such a land, it will be see that silence on Viet Nam was the best those of Whites, it may fall strangely on the because we are called to judgment not so policy. After all, what was happening to ears of young people reared on Malcolm, much by Martin's memory, his spirit.... Brown people in Indo-China-and, in the Fa.non, Baraka, Nikki Giovanni, Don Lee. But but rather because we are called by the chil­ process, to our own country-had nothing at Martin was up and down this country for dren dying needlessly st111 in rural and ur­ a.11 to do with civil rights, nothing at all to quite a while, getting people up off stoops ban ghettos; by the old who cannot piece do with poverty, nothing to do with human and into the streets and dusty roads with out their days in dignity; by the men and justice. Martin disagreed. Even in the name their heads up and eyes straight ahead. He women bereft of any real chance of having of peace, he seemed congenitally unable to was telling poor people-Black, White, the jobs, the homes they need, the freedom to hold his peace. Brown, Red-to throw off the shackles of move without fear among the strangers who It was bad enough to rebuke Southern "nobodiness" and to recognize themselves as are their neighbors-denied the very essence White moderates in his "Letter from a Bir­ somebody. of manhood and womanhood. mingham Jail." Nor did he always interpret For perhaps more than anything else, It is these who call us, whether or not the script ure as others did when it came to Martin's true gift lay in the power he had, we choose to hear. Martin chose to hear-to rendering unto Caesar and unto God. When at his best, to invest people of all ages, enroll, as he said, as a drum major in the a president summoned leaders to a convoca­ classes and colors with a liberating sense of cause which chose him, and which he chose. tion at the White House one Sabbath Day, their own signific8,nt humanity. So that even The power, the passion, the fidelity this one it was Martin who failed to attend. He ex­ in a crowd, each could feel uniquely a per­ mortal man gave to that choice is the living plained that he was Co-Pastor with his son. So that fearing hurt and death, know­ legacy left to those who will use it by Martin father of Ebenezer Baptist and that the Sun­ ing from what had happened to their com­ Luther King, Jr., born a citizen of Atlanta, day in question happened to be Martin's rades that enemies can hate enough to kill, Georgia. Died citizen extraordinary of the turn to preach. Those who know Daddy King many of them still-as he did-took risks South ... America ... the world ... of might have an additional understanding of and managed somehow to master their fear. that other world--on this fragile planet where true wisdom lay when the choice was "I have been to the mountaintop", Martin earth- which is yet to oome.

SENATE-Monday, July 8, 1974

The Senate met at 12 o'clock noon MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE RE­ behavioral research and to provide for the and was called to order by the Acting CEIVED DURING ADJOURNMENT protection of human subjects involved in bio­ OF THE SENATE-ENROLLED medical and behavioral research, and for President pro tempore (Mr. METCALF). other purposes. BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS H.R. 11105. An act to amend title VII of SIGNED the Older Americans Act relating to the PRAYER Under the authority of the order of nutrition program for the elderly to provide The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward the Senate of June 27, 1974, the follow­ authorization of appropriations, and for L. R. Elson, D .D., offered the following other purposes. ing messages from the House of Repre­ H.R. 12412. An act to amend the Foreign prayer: sentatives were received: Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize appro­ Almighty God, we Thy servants si­ On June 28, 1974, that the Speaker had priations to provide disaster and other relief lence our voices, quiet our spirits, and affixed his signature to the following en­ to Pakistan, Nicaragua, and the drought­ bow at this shrine of the patriots' devo­ rolled bills and joint resolutions: stricken nations of Africa, a nd for other tion to ask what Thou dost require of us. S. 3490. An act providing that funds ap­ purposes. portioned for forest highways under section H.R. 12799. An act to amend the Arms Thou dost answer in Thy Word that we Control and Disarmament Act as amended, are to "do justly, to love mercy, and to 202 (a), title 23, United States Code, remain available until expended. in orde·r to extend the authorization for ap­ walk humbly with thy God." Assist us by propriations, and for other purposes. Thy grace that all who serve in the ex­ S. 3458. An act to amend the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973, the H.R. 14832. An act to provide for a tem­ ecutive, legislative, and judicial branches Food Stamp Act of 1964, and for other pur­ porary increase in the public debt limit. of t his Government may indeed do just­ poses. H.R. 14833. An act to extend the Renegotia­ ly, love mercy, and walk in Thy com­ S. 3705. An act to amend title 38, United tion Act of 1951 for 18 months. panionship. Accept the offering of our States Code, to provide for a 10-year delim­ H.R. 14434. An act making appropriations souls, our minds, and our bodies in Thy iting period for the pursuit of educational for energy research and development activi­ service that we may help fulfill Thy pur­ programs by veterans, wives, and widows. ties of certain departments, independent H.R. 7724. An act to amend the Public executive agencies, bureaus, offices, and pose for mankind. Health Service Act to establish a program of commissions for the fiscal year ending And to Thee shall be all the praise and National Research Service Awards to assure June 30, 1975, and for other purposes. the thanksgiving. Amen. the continued excellence of biomedical and H.R. 15124. An act to amend Public Law