The sinking of Titanic sets sail ueenstown At noon, on 10th , Titanic set sail from Southampton on its maiden voyage to City. It ewfoundland Cherbourg had around 2200 people on board, including passengers Introduction Titanic and crew. ew ork The sinking of RMS Titanic in April 1912 is one of the most famous maritime disasters in British history. Titanic was a luxurious, state-of-the-art liner that was heralded warnings Location of the sinking of RMS Titanic as ‘unsinkable’. Thousands of excited passengers embarked on her maiden voyage across the Atlantic. On 14th April 1912, Titanic received several wireless Panic on board However, the tragic consequences of ignoring iceberg messages from other ships warnings became clear and believing the ship was reporting drifting ice. Believing the ship ‘unsinkable’, the crew had not been unsinkable took on a bitter irony. The were located off trained properly in emergency procedures, so panic the coast of Newfoundland. ensued. Tragically, there were only enough lifeboats for Nevertheless, Titanic half of those on board. Most lifeboats took women and continued at full steam. children only, while many third-class passengers were left trapped below decks as the ship filled with water.

At 2:20am on 15th April, nearly three hours after hitting the iceberg, Titanic sank. Her (back) rose out of the water and the ship broke in half. Rescued passengers had to watch in horror as those who were trapped plunged into the icy water.

Although the crew sent distress signals, none of the Disaster strikes ships who responded to them were able to reach Titanic before she sank. It is estimated that over 1500 people Image from: Wikimedia Commons/Public domain Wikimedia Commons/Public from: Image Four days after leaving Southampton were killed and only 700 survived. and about 370 miles from its destination, the lookout crew spotted Accommodation an iceberg in the ship’s path. Titanic Passengers on board were separated could not avoid hitting it and at into first, second and third-class 11:40pm on 14th April, Titanic collided accommodation. Amongst the first-class with an iceberg, damaging its hull. passengers were millionaires and actors, who paid up to £870 per ticket (equal to The crew soon realised Titanic almost £100,000 today). Most of the 107 was doomed, so they alerted the children on board were in the third-class passengers and attempted to prepare Image from: Wikimedia Commons/Public domain Wikimedia Commons/Public from: Image quarters below deck. domain Wikimedia Commons/Public from: Image lifeboats. First class accommodation The last launched from Titanic

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THE NEW YORK HERALD.(COPYRIGHT-1912 WHOLE .NO 27,630 NEW YORK, TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 1912 TWENTY-EIGHT PAGES BY THE NEW YORK HERALD COMPANY) PRICE THREE CENTS THE TITANTIC SINKS WITH 1,800 PERSONS ON BOARD; ONLY 675 OF HER PASSENGERS SAVED Image from: Wikimedia Commons/Public domain Wikimedia Commons/Public from: Image

MOST APPALLING DISASTER IN MARINE HISTORY OCCURS WHEN WORLD’S LARGEST STEAMSHIP STRIKES GIGANTIC ICEBERG AT NIGHT

Scores of world’s most widely known steamships, sank to the bottom of the persons, including Colonel John Jacob sea at twenty minutes past two o’clock Astor and his wife, William T Stead yesterday morning. and among those whose Despatches received late last night fate is in doubt. from the Wireless station in Newfoundland and admissions reluctantly In the darkness of night in water made at the same time by New York two miles deep, Titanic, newest of the officials of the White Star Company, White Star fleet and greatest of all ocean warrant the fear that of the 2,200 person

Frozen Kingdoms Downloaded by Wilson at Green Park Community Primary School on Develop_2/Titanic 29/12/20 Page 2 of 6 Copyright © 2020 Cornerstones Education Limited who were aboard the great vessel when It was learned that the full text of the she received her mortal wound in collision message from the steamship Olympic with the iceberg, more than 1,500 have reporting the , only gone to their death in her shattered hulk, a portion of which had been made public while 675, most of whom are women and earlier in the evening, expressed the children, have been saved. opinion that the loss of life would reach Should these grim figures be verified, 1,800 persons. That despatch said in its the loss of the Titanic –costliest, most concluding sentence: “Loss likely total powerful, greatest of all the ocean fleet – 1,800 souls.” while speeding westward on her maiden It is hoped here that this is an error, voyage, will take rank in maritime history unless the Titanic had on board more as the most terrible of all recorded passengers than was reported. The list, disasters of the sea. as given out showed 1,310 passenger There is as yet no information as and crew of 860 or 2170 in all. The to those who are among the saved and 670 reported to have been saved and the greater number of the unfortunates to be bound for New York aboard the who must be numbered with the lost. Carpathia, of the , the loss of The officers of the White Star Company life indicated would be 1,495 persons. themselves at the hour of going to press, The full text of the despatch received from had been able to learn no details of the the Olympic is as follows: horror that will carry grief into a thousand “Carpathia reached Titanic’s position American homes, some of them among at daybreak. Titanic sank about twenty the proudest in the metropolis. minutes past two o’clock in the morning in One point is known from which 41.16 north latitude 30.14 west longitude. may be derived a sad satisfaction. In a All her boats accounted for containing desperate situation where the salvation 675 souls saved, crew and passengers of all was not possible, the women and included. Nearly all saved women and children were cared for first. These were children. Leyland liner in Californian sent away in the first of the boats launched remained an searching exact position of from the sinking ship, the only boats disaster, loss likely 1,800 souls.” apparently which did not share the fate of the mammoth vessel. America and Britain are spared the horrors that attended the sinking of the French ship, La Bourgogne, in 1898, when the women and children were trampled underfoot and cut down with knives and the mad rush of the panic stricken crew for first places in the ship’s boats.

Reproduced from original article The New York Herald, 16th April 1912

Frozen Kingdoms Downloaded by Wilson at Green Park Community Primary School on Develop_2/Titanic 29/12/20 Page 3 of 6 Copyright © 2020 Cornerstones Education Limited SALSE 17-O CCXII 1772-VOL ESTABLISHED EXTRA yesterday on Newfoundland the Banks Titanic, early sank which 2,100 persons on board mammoth the 866 WOMEN AND CHILDRENSAVED in Midocean---Wireless bringsaid, BOARD LINERCARPATHIA but toolatetosave all---thecrew Awful tragedyoftheseaatnight strikes icebergonfirstvoyage While fate the of majority the of the ALL RESCUED ARE ON TITANIC SINKSWITH1,200MEN; Largest shipintheworld Baltimore ae4o 6 of 4 Page Develop_2/Titanic Kingdoms Frozen stuck by theship

ATMR. TUESDAY, APRIL 16, 1912 BALTIMORE.

1773 29/12/20 Limited Education Cornerstones 2020 © Copyright on School Primary Community Park Green at Wilson by Downloaded were passengers, it would appear that saved those possible, seems all practically fate was felt by nearly 200,and if, as figures the reduced list whose those of had saved but 670persons. The new later brought confirmatorytidings. Cunarderthe messages Other Carpathia. children, were brought being by to port Titantic’s passengers, mostly women and disaster, flashingthatthe news 866 the of vesselsthe hovering near of scene the the from White the Star liner Olympic, one of morning. by wireless 1and between 2o’clock this cheer camegood from ways ocean the than 1,200 persons were lost, anote of remain indoubt, and it is feared more after acollisionwith an iceberg, still 1912 First reports were that Carpathia the It was shape inthe of awireless message American.

PRICE ONE CENT EXTRA

Image from: Shutterstock editorial all but approximately 450 of the vessel’s Early last night there was hope that any passengers are accounted for. A partial moment might bring word of cheer. But list of the survivors received from the anxiety deepened and many friends and Carpathia includes the names of many relatives of those who sailed on the Titanic women of prominence who were on the began to despair as hours after hours steamer. passed and the night grew old without After the first desperate calls of the word from either of the Allan liners, Titanic for help had been sent flying Parisian or Virginian, believed to be, with through space and brought steamers the exception of the Carpathia, the vessels for hundreds of miles around speeding nearest the Titanic’s oceans burial place to the scene, what seems to have been when she made her plunge. impenetrable wall of silence was raised As the Titanic sank before 3 o’clock in between her and the anxious world. the morning, and it was not hoped that The giant liner so far as the light night’s the Virginian could reach the scene before advices appear, went to her fate without 10 A.M. at the earliest, while the Parisian so much as a whisper of what must was said to be some distance farther have been the scene of a terrible tragedy away, it was feared even by the White enacted on her decks. Star officials, trying their best to calculate In the lack of even a line from a differently and yet accurately, that they survivor, imagination pauses before even would not have reached the scene in time trying to conjecture what passed as the to be of service. inevitable became known, and it was seen The steamer Virginian was finally heard that of the more than 2,000 human lives from at 2:15 o’clock this morning. She did with which she was freighted there could not report presence of any survivors on be no hope of saving, as it appears far less board, the message from her stating that than a half. she would bring to St. John’s, N.F., such Along the entire Atlantic Coast wireless survivors or as she “may rescue.” The instruments were attuned to catch from fact that the Virginian was to go out of her any source the slightest whisper of course to put into St. John’s on her voyage hope that possibly on one of the many to Liverpool, was taken as a favourable steamships which rushed to the assistance indication, arousing hope that after all she of the stricken Titan of the seas were other might have picked up some of the victims survivors of the sunken vessel. of the wreck and was bringing them into But from none of the ships reported to port. be at or near the scene of what, viewed The Titanic herself lies buried in the light of the probabilities may be two miles beneath the Ocean’s surface, recorded as the world’s greatest marine midway between Sable Island and Cape horror came the slightest syllable of the Race. encouragement to the anxiously waiting world.

Reproduced from original article Baltimore American, 16th April 1912

Frozen Kingdoms Downloaded by Wilson at Green Park Community Primary School on Develop_2/Titanic 29/12/20 Page 5 of 6 Copyright © 2020 Cornerstones Education Limited HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICE, WASHINGTON, D. C. DAILY MEMORANDUM

Mar. 28 - Lat 24° 20´, lon 80° 02´, passed a broken spar projecting about 3 feet out of water, apparently attached to sunken wreckage. ---EVELYN (SS) Wright.

OBSTRUCTIONS ALONG THE OVER-SEA ROUTES.

April 7 - Lat 35° ¯ 20´, lon 59° 40´, saw a lowermast covered with marine growth. --ADRIATICO (IT. SS), CEVASOU.

ICE REPORTS.

APR 10 - Lat 41° 50´, lon 50 20´, passed a large ice field a few hundred feet wide and 15 miles long extending in a NNE direction. -- EXCELSION (GER SS). (NEW YORK HERALD)

COLLISION WITH ICEBERG - APR 14 - LAT 41° 46´, lon 50° 14´, the British steamer TITANIC collided with an iceberg seriously damaging her ; extent not definitely known.

APR 14 - The German steamer ANDRIKA reported by radio telegraph passing two large icebergs in Lat 41° 27´, lon 50° 08´, --TITANIC (Br ss). Apr 14 - Lat 42° 06´, lon 49° 43’, encountered extensive field ice and saw seven icebergs of considerable size. --PISA (Ger ss).

J. J. K N A P P Captain, U. S. Navy, Hydrographer.

Reproduced from the original US Navy daily memorandum, 15th April 1912

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