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Final-Environmental-And-Social-Management-Plan-For-Ogane-Aji-Gully-Erosion Federal Republic of Nigeria Public Disclosure Authorized THE NIGERIA EROSION AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Public Disclosure Authorized PROJECT (NEWMAP) Final Report of the Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for Ogane-Aji Gully Erosion Intervention Project, Kogi State Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Kogi State Project Management Unit (Kogi-SPMU) Plot 247, Tunde Ogbeha Street, GRA, Lokoja November, 2020 Kogi State Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (Kogi-NEWMAP) Table of Contents Pages Title page i Table of contents ii List of Tables v List of Figures vii List of Plates viii List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ix Executive Summary xii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 1.0 Background 1 1.1 Detail Description of the Proposed Intervention 2 1.2 Rationale for the NEWMAP Intervention 4 1.3 Rationale for the ESMP 4 1.4 Objective of the Consultancy Services 5 1.5 Approach and Methodology 6 CHAPTER TWO: INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK 7 2.0 Introduction 7 2.1 Federal Policy, Legal, Regulatory and Administrative Frameworks 7 2.2 World Bank Safeguard Policies Triggered by NEWMAP Projects 10 2.2.1 International Conventions and Agreements 11 2.3 Institutional Framework 13 CHAPTER THREE: BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 15 3.0 Introduction 15 3.1 Location 15 3.1.1 Kogi State 15 3.1.2 Proposed Ogane-Aji Gully Intervention Site 16 3.2 Relief and Drainage 18 3.2.1 Relief 18 3.3 Climate 19 3.3.1 Rainfall 19 3.3.2 Temperature 19 3.3.3 Relative Humidity 20 3.3.4 Wind Speed and Direction 20 3.4 Geology 21 3.5 Air Quality of the Environment 22 3.5.1 Concentration of Basic Atmospheric Gases 22 3.5.2 Particulate Matter Concentration 26 3.5.3 Ambient Noise Level 27 3.6. Soil Quality 28 3.7. Hydrology of the Area 31 Page | ii Ogane-Aji Gully Intervention ESMP Final Report Kogi State Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (Kogi-NEWMAP) 3.7.1 Drainage 31 3.8. Biological Environment 34 3.8.1. Vegetation Component 34 3.8.2. Wildlife and Biodiversity 35 CHAPTER FOUR: SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CONSULTATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS 37 4.0 Introduction 37 4.1 Data Collection Methodology 37 4.1.1 Overview of Data Collection Methodology 37 4.2 Socio-Economic Characteristics and Assessment 38 4.2.1 Population Characteristics of the Project Area 38 4.2.2 Socioeconomic Characteristics of Sampled Population 38 4.3 Gender-Based Violence/Sexual Exploitation and Abuse 50 4.3.1 Provisions Restricting Women Access to Health and Other Social Services 51 4.3.2 Sexual Exploitation and Abuse 51 4.3.3 Respondents Views on Purpose of Criminalizing Gender-Based Violence 52 4.3.4 Measures and Programs for Women 52 4.4 Community Environmental Concerns (CEC) 53 4.4.1 Environmental, Resources and Cultural Heritage/Property 53 4.4.2 Proposed Intervention Project and Community Understanding 54 4.4.3 Community Expectation from NEWMAP 55 4.5 Analysis of Existing Formal and Informal Grievance Redress Mechanisms in and around the Intervention Area 55 4.5.1 Evaluation of the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Existing Grievance Redress Mechanisms in the Project Area 57 4.6 Public Consultation 59 4.6.1 Identification of Stakeholders 59 4.6.2 Identified Stakeholders Group 59 4.6.3 Stakeholders Awareness/Perception on the NEWMAP Intervention 59 4.6.4 The Stakeholder Consulted and their Concern 60 4.6.5 Summary of Meetings with Stakeholders 61 4.7 Analysis of the Status of GBV/SEA in the Project Community and related Issues 63 4.8 COVID 19 Awareness and Prevention During ESMP Field Work 64 CHAPTER FIVE: ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 65 5.0 Introduction 65 5.1 Impact Assessment Methodology 65 5.1.1 Impact Identification 65 5.1.2 Impact Prediction 65 5.1.3 Impact Evaluation 66 Page | iii Ogane-Aji Gully Intervention ESMP Final Report Kogi State Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (Kogi-NEWMAP) 5.2 Potential Impacts of the Proposed Project Activities 67 5.2.1 Potential Positive Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Project Activities 67 5.2.2 Potential Positive Social Impacts of the Proposed Project Activities 67 5.2.3 Potential Negative Impacts of the Proposed Project Activities 68 5.3 Analysis of Alternatives 80 5.3.1 No-Action Alternative 80 5.3.2 Delayed-Action and Right-Away Action Alternatives 80 5.3.3 Use of Civil Works, Bioengineering and Technological Options 80 CHAPTER SIX: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) 83 6.0 Introduction 6.1 Description of the Proposed Mitigation Measures 83 6.1.1 Pre-Construction Phase Mitigation Measures 83 6.1.2 Construction Phase Mitigation Measures 84 6.1.3 Operation Phase Mitigation Measures 84 6.1.4 Monitoring of Mitigation Measures during Project Implementation 84 6.1.5 Environmental, Ecological, Socio-Economic, Public Health and Covid-19 Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan during the Pre-Construction Phase 85 6.1.6 Environmental, Ecological, Socio-Economic, Public Health and Covid-19 Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan during the Construction Phase 91 6.1.7 Environmental, Ecological, Socio-Economic, Public Health and Covid-19 Impacts Mitigation and Monitoring Plan during the Post – Construction / Operation Phase 103 6.2 Occupational Health and Safety/Community Health and Safety Management Plan 106 6.2.1 Occupational Health and Safety 106 6.2.2 Community Health and Safety Management Plan 107 6.3 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 107 6.3.1 Workers Training and Precautions 107 6.3.2 Minimize Chance of Exposure 108 6.3.3 Managing Access and Spread 108 6.3.4 Daily Routine Management for Workers 108 6.3.5 Personal Care 109 6.4 Institutional Arrangements, Responsibilities and Accountabilities 109 6.4.1 Pre-Construction Phase 109 6.4.2 Construction Phase 110 6.4.3 Operational and Maintenance Phase 111 6.5 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 112 6.6 Labour Influx, Child Labour and Gender Based Violence (GBV) 115 6.6.1 Labour Influx 115 6.6.2 Child Labour 116 Page | iv Ogane-Aji Gully Intervention ESMP Final Report Kogi State Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (Kogi-NEWMAP) 6.6.3 Gender Based Violence 117 6.6.4 GBV Risk Management Mechanisms 117 6.6.5 Stakeholder/Citizen Engagement 117 6.7 Fundamentals of Stakeholder Engagement Approach 118 6.8 Training Programmes 119 6.9 Implementation Schedule 120 6.10 ESMP Costing and Cost Analysis 121 6.11 ESMP Disclosures 122 CHAPTER SEVEN: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 123 7.1 Summary of Findings 123 7.2 Conclusion 124 7.3 Recommendation 124 ANNEXURE 125 Page | v Ogane-Aji Gully Intervention ESMP Final Report Kogi State Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (Kogi-NEWMAP) List of Tables Pages Table 2.1: Relevant Federal/State Policies, Legislation, Regulations and Guidelines 7 Table 2.2: World Bank Environmental and Social Standards Applicable to Kogi- NEWMAP Ogane -Aji Gully Intervention 10 Table 2.3: International Conventions, Agreements and Protocols to which Nigeria is Signatory and Applicable to the Kogi State NEWMAP in the Ogane -Aji gully Site 12 Table 2.4: Gap between National Legislations, Policies and Regulations and the World Bank Policies 13 Table 3.1: Concentration of Basic Atmospheric Gases 24 Table 3.2: Particulate Matter Constituents within Proposed Project Area 26 Table 3.3: Noise Level Pattern of Proposed Project Area 28 Table 3.4: Physio-chemical and Microbial Characteristics of Soil Samples from the Study Area 30 Table 3.5: Characteristics of in situ parameters analysed in Surface and Groundwater Samples from the Study Area 33 Table 3.6: Chemical Analysis of the Surface and Groundwater Samples 34 Table 3.7: Flora species in the Project Area 35 Table 3.8: Fauna species in the Project Area 35 Table 4.1: Kogi state and Dekina LGA Population Size (Estimation) and Projection 38 Table 4.2: Respondent‟s Socio-economic Characteristics 38 Table 4.3: Provisions Restricting Women Access to Health and other Social Services 51 Table 4.4: Sexual Exploitation Criminalization 51 Table 4.5: Purpose of criminalizing items in Table 4.4 52 Table 4.6: Environmental problems envisaged at phases of the intervention project 53 Table 4.7: Strengths and Weaknesses of existing Grievance Redress Mechanisms in project Area 57 Table 4.8: Summary of Issues Raised at FGD with Elders 61 Table 4.9: Summary of Issues Raised at FGD with Youth 62 Table 4.10: Summary of Issues Raised at FGDs with Women 63 Table 5.1: Probability of Occurrence, Consequence Severity, Likelihood Ranking and Risk Matrix 66 Table 5.2: Potential Impacts of Disruption to Public Utility 72 Table 5.3: Characterization and Evaluation of Potential Impacts Pre-Construction Phase 75 Table 5.4: Characterization and Evaluation of Potential Impacts Environmental Impacts in the Construction Phase 75 Table 5.5: Characterization and Evaluation of Potential Impacts for the Biological Impacts in the Construction Phase 76 Table 5.6: Characterization and Evaluation of Potential Impacts for the Socio- Economic Impacts during Construction Phase 77 Table 5.7: Characterization and Evaluation of Potential Impacts for the Public Health Impacts during the Construction Phase 77 Page | vi Ogane-Aji Gully Intervention ESMP Final Report Kogi State Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (Kogi-NEWMAP) Table 5.8: Characterization and Evaluation of Potential Impacts for Operation Phase 78 Table 5.9: Appraisal of the „No Action‟ Alternative and Use of Civil Works 81 Table 6.1: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan during the Pre- Construction Phase 85 Table 6.2: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan during the Construction Phase 91 Table 6.3: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan during the Post – Construction/Operation Phase 103 Table 6.4: Institutional Capacity Strengthening Plan 120 Table 6.5: ESMP Implementation Schedule 121 Table 6.6: Cost Analysis of the Proposed Project ESMP Implementation 122 Page | vii Ogane-Aji Gully Intervention ESMP Final Report Kogi State Nigeria Erosion and Watershed Management Project (Kogi-NEWMAP) List of Figures Pages Fig.
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