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DOD 3150.8-M: Nuclear Weapon Accident Response Procedures

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1 2 DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 3 FOREWORD DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 FIGURES 7 TABLES 8 REFERENCES 9 DEFINITIONS 11 ABBREVIATIONS AND/OR ACRONYMS 33 PART I - PLANNING, POLICY, AND RESPONSE GUIDANCE 44 C1. CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 45 C2. CHAPTER 2 - NUCLEAR WEAPON ACCIDENT RESPONSE PROCEDURES 52 C3. CHAPTER 3 - SHIPBOARD ACCIDENT RESPONSE 83 PART II - TECHNICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES OF RADIOLOGICAL 95 ACCIDENT RESPONSE C4. CHAPTER 4 - RADIOLOGICAL HAZARD AND SAFETY ENVIRONMENTAL 96 MONITORING C5. CHAPTER 5 - RESPIRATORY AND PERSONNEL PROTECTION 198 C6. CHAPTER 6 - CONTAMINATION CONTROL 206 C7. CHAPTER 7 - BIOASSAY PROCEDURES 216 C8. CHAPTER 8 - RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, CHARACTERISTICS, HAZARDS, 225 AND HEALTH CONSIDERATIONS C9. CHAPTER 9 - CONVERSION FACTORS FOR WEAPONS GRADE PLUTONIUM 232 C10. CHAPTER 10 - MEDICAL 239 C11. CHAPTER 11 - SECURITY 256 C12. CHAPTER 12 - WEAPON RECOVERY OPERATIONS 266 C13. CHAPTER 13 - COMMUNICATIONS 274 4 FOREWORD DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 C14. CHAPTER 14 - PUBLIC AFFAIRS 288 C15. CHAPTER 15 - LEGAL 320 C16. CHAPTER 16 - LOGISTIC SUPPORT 332 C17. CHAPTER 17 - TRAINING 342 PART III - SITE REMEDIATION GUIDANCE 345 C18. CHAPTER 18 - OVERVIEW OF THE SITE REMEDIATION PROCESS 346 C19. CHAPTER 19 - ACCIDENT SCENCE RESPONSE 351 C20. CHAPTER 20 - INTERMEDIATE ACTIONS 358 C21. CHAPTER 21 - LONG-TERM ACTIONS 365 PART IV - SPECIALIZED ASSETS AND POINTS OF CONTACT 372 C22. CHAPTER 22 - SUMMARY OF SPECIALIZED CAPABILITIES 373 C23. CHAPTER 23 - BIBLIOGRAPHY 384 APPENDICES C3.AP1. SHIPBOARD FIREFIGHTING 89 C3.AP2. SHIPBOARD RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING AND CONTROL 91 C4.AP1. RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING EQUIPMENT 114 C4.AP2. RADIATION DETECTION AND MEASUREMENT 117 C4.AP3. ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING 128 C4.AP4. SPECIALIZED RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING, RADIAC REPAIR, AND 135 HAZARD ASSESSMENT/CAPABILITIES TEAMS C4.AP5. AREA AND RESOURCES SURVEYS 160 C4.AP6. RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING, MEASUREMENT, AND CONTROL FORMS 166 C10.AP1. NON-RADIOLOGICAL TOXIC HAZARDS 251 C14.AP1. PUBLIC AFFAIRS GUIDANCE/CONTINGENCY RELEASES 295 C14.AP2. RADIATION FACT SHEETS 301 5 FOREWORD DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 C14.AP3. PUBLIC AFFAIRS RESPONSE ORGANIZATION CONCEPT 311 C14.AP4. JIC/CIB ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMUNICATION AND LOGISTIC 314 SUPPORT/EQUIPMENT C14.AP5. JIC/CIB RECOMMENDED KEY MESSAGES AND NON-RELEASABLE 316 INFORMATION C14.AP6. CHECK LIST 319 C15.AP1. PERTINENT STATUTES AND INSTRUCTIONS 325 C16.AP1. LOGISTICS RESOURCES 339 C22.AP1. POINTS OF CONTACT 380 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 FIGURES Figure Title Page C1.F1. Accident Operational Responses 46 C1.F2. Relationshiip of Initial Response Actions 48 C1.F3. Nuclear Weapon Accident Response Reecovery Operations Flow Diagram 49,50 C2.F1. Nuclear Weapon Accident Notification Flow 54 C2.F2. Sample Accident Site Organization 59 C2.F3. Response Task Force General Composition 62 C2.F4. Radiological Assistance Program (RAP) Locations 80 C4.F1. Joint Hazard Evaluation Center Functional Organization 104 C4.F2. Sample Protective Action Recommendation (PAR) Form 112 C4.AP2.F1. Spectral Plot 123 C4.AP3.F1. Air Sampler Placement 131 C4.AP4.F1. HPAC Modeling Prediction Surface Dose 136 C4.AP4.F2. HPAC Modeling Prediction Hazards Area Effects 137 C4.AP4.F3. HPAC Process 138 C4.AP4.F4. Hotspot Fire Model Geometry 143 C4.AP4.F5. Hotspot Explosion Model Geometry 144 C4.AP4.F6. Hotspot Downwind Plume Centerline (Stability A-F) 145 C4.AP4.F7. Hotspot Plume Contour Plot 146 C4.AP4.F8. Hotspot Plum Contour Displayed on Geographical Map 147 C4.AP4.F9. ARAC PLOT Lung Dose 150 C4.AP4.F10. ARAC PLOT Deposition 151 C4.AP4.F11. Aerial Survey Results Early Phase Radiological Data 156 C4.AP4.F12. Aerial Survey Results Radiological Data Measurements, AMS Serpentine, and 157 Field Measurements C4.AP4.F13. Aerial Survey Results Radiological Data Measurements, AMS Contours, and 158 AMS KIWI C4.AP6.F1. Access Work Permit Form 168 C4.AP6.F2. Team Dress Requirements CCS Form 173 C4.AP6.F3. Team Entry/Exit Permit CCS Form 174 C4.AP6.F4. Analysis Data Form 175 C4.AP6.F5. Personnel Sample Form 179 C4.AP6.F6. Geographic Location Form 182 C4.AP6.F7. Field Sample Data Form 185 C4.AP6.F8. Field Measurement Data Form 188 C4.AP6.F9. JHEC Equipment Data Form 192 C4.AP6.F10. Air Sample Data Form 195 C5.F1. Aerial Survey Results Protective Action Guides (PAGs), Evacuation PAGs, and 202 Quarantine Areas C6.F1. Personnel Contamination Control Station (Example) 209 C6.F2. Vehicle Contamination Control Station (Example) 215 C7.F1. Estimated 50-Year Committed Effective Dose 220 C11.F1. Security Concept 260 C13.F1. Signal Operating Instruction 285 C18.F1. Nuclear Accident Response Phases 346 C18.F2. The Site Remediation Process 348 C19.F1. Site Remediation: Early Stages 352 C19.F2. Remediation Phase Relationships 355 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 C19.F3. SRWG Approval and Coordination Process 356 C21.F1. Notional Site Remediation Plan and Approval Process 365 C21.F2. Steps in the Approval Process 371 TABLES Table Title Page C2.T1. Nuclear Weapon Confirmation Guidelines 65 C4.AP2.T1. Commonly Considered Radioactive Contaminants and Their Primary Associated 120 Radioactive Emissions C4.AP3.T1. Air Sampler Calibration 129 C4.AP3.T2. Air Sampler Placement (No. 2) Distance 131 C5.T1. Recommended Respiratory Protection Levels for Emergency Workers as a Function 200 of Airborne Contamination C5.T2. Protective Devices for Emergency Worker as a Function of Surface Contamination 200 C6.T1. Contamination Control Station Materials List 211 C6.T2. CCS Personnel 212 C7.T1. Guidelines for Bioassay Sampling 222 C7.T2 Guidelines for Assignment of Priorities for Collection and Processing of Bioassays 223 C9.T1. Conversion Factors for Weapons Grade Plutonium 232 C9.T2. Conversion Table (CPM to mg/m2 or mCi/m2) AN/PDR-56 Alpha Meter 235 C9.T3. Conversion Table (CPM to mg/m2or mCi/m2) AN/PDR-60 or AN/PDR-56 Alpha 236 Meter C9.T4. Conversion Table (MBq to mCi and mCi) 237 C9.T5. Conversion to SI Units 238 C10.T1. Heat Injury Prevention Guidelines 248 C17.T1. Nuclear Weapon Accident Response Training Courses 344 8 TABLES DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 REFERENCES (a) DoD Directive 3150.8, "DoD Response to Radiological Accidents," June 13, 1996 (b) Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP), May 1, 1996 (c) DoD 8910.1-M, "DoD Procedures for Management of Information Requirements," June 1998 (d) DSWA 5100.52.1-L, "Nuclear Accident Response Capability Listing," April 1997 (e) DoD Directive 5200.8, "Security of Military Installations and Resources," April 25, 1991 (f) CJCSM 3150.03, "Joint Reporting Structures, Event and Incident Reports," June 19, 1998 (g) DoD Directive 5230.16, "Nuclear Accident and Incident Public Affairs (PA) Guidance," December 20, 1993 (h) Joint DoD, DOE, and FEMA Agreement for Response to Nuclear Weapon Accidents and Nuclear Weapon Significant Incidents, January 1981 (i) TP 20-11, "General Firefighting Guidance," July 1995 (j) Naval Ships Technical Manual (NSTM) 079, Vol II, "Damage Control - Practical Damage Control," February 25, 1999 (k) BUMEDINST 6470.10A, "Irradiated or Radioactively Contaminated Personnel," December 7, 1998 (l) Federal Guidance Report No. 11, "Limiting Values of Radionuclide Intake and Air Concentration and Dose Conversion Factors for Inhalation, Submersion and Ingestion," EPA, 1988 (m) AR 40-14, "Control and Recording Procedures for Occupational Exposure to Ionizing Radiation," September 1984 (n) NAVMED P-5055, "Radiation Health Protection Manual," December 2, 1992 (o) AFI 48-125, "The U.S. Air Force Personnel Dosimetry Program" (p) AR 600-10, "The Army Casualty System," August 1987 (q) AFI 36-3002, "Casualty Services," August 1994 (r) BUPERS Manual Article 4210100, "Personnel Casualty Reporting," February 1982 (s) NCRP Report #37, June 1980 (t) Joint Pub 4-06. (u) DA Circular 40-82-3, "Prevention of Heat Injury" (v) Explosive Ordnance Disposal Procedures 60-1, August 1997 (w) "Internal Security Act of 1950" (50 USC 797) (x) DoD Directive 5210.41-M, "Nuclear Weapon Security Manual," April 1994 9 REFERENCES DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 (y) DoD Directive 5210.41, "Security Policy for Protecting Nuclear Weapons," September 23, 1988 (z) DoD Regulation 5200.1-R, "Information Security Regulation," January 1997 (aa) DoD Directive 5210.2, "Access to and Dissemination of Restricted Data," January 12, 1978 (ab) CJCSI 6110.01, "CJCS-Controlled Tactical Communications Assets," June 25,1996 (ac) Allied Communications Publication 134, "Communications Assets," January 1975 (ad) U.S. Forces Command Manual 105-1,"Joint Communication Deployment and Employment," June 1980 (ae) USA FM 24-2, "Spectrum Management," August 21, 1991 (af) AFI 33-118, "Radio Spectrum Frequency Management," August 1997 (ag) Joint Pub 3-61, "Doctrine for Public Affairs in Joint Operations," May 14, 1997 (ah) DoD Directive 5400.13, "Joint Public Affairs Operations," January 9, 1996 (ai) DoD Instruction 5400.14, "Procedures for Joint Public Affairs Operations," January 22, 1996 (aj) Nuclear Regulatory Guide 8.29, January 1984 (ak) DoD 4000.25-1-M, "Military Standards Requisitioning and Issue Procedure (MILSTRIP)," May 1987 10 REFERENCES DoD 3150.8-M, December 1999 DL1. DEFINITIONS DL1.1.1. Access Procedures. See Explosive Ordnance Disposal Procedures. DL1.1.2. Accident Response Group (ARG). A group of technical and scientific experts, with specialized equipment; composed of a cadre of senior scientific advisors, weapons engineers and technicians, experts in nuclear safety and high-explosive safety, health physicists, radiation control technicians, industrial hygienists, physical scientists, packaging and transportation specialists, and other specialists from the Department of Energy (DOE) weapons complex. ARG maintains readiness to provide DOE technical assistance to peacetime accidents and significant incidents involving special nuclear materials anywhere in the world. DL1.1.3. Accident Scene. The cordoned area surrounding an accident site from which all non-essential personnel and resources are evacuated and prohibited. DL1.1.4. Accident Site. The area surrounding the impact point in which hazards to personnel (wreckage, fire, or damage) are readily identifiable.
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  • Characterization of Radioactive Particles from the Dounreay Nuclear Reprocessing Facility

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    Science of the Total Environment 727 (2020) 138488 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Science of the Total Environment journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scitotenv Characterization of radioactive particles from the Dounreay nuclear reprocessing facility Ian Byrnes a,⁎, Ole Christian Lind a, Elisabeth Lindbo Hansen a,b, Koen Janssens c,BritSalbua a Center for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE), Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1433 Ås, Norway b Norwegian Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (DSA), P.O. Box 329, Skøyen, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway c AXES, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium HIGHLIGHTS GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT • Multi-technique characterization of ra- dioactive Dounreay (MTR and DFR) par- ticles • Particle characteristics reflect nuclear fuel designs and accidental release sce- narios. • Highly enriched (235U/238U range of 2.2–4.0), tetravalent U in both particle types • Particles from MTR (Al, Nd ~ 1–2 atom %) can be differed from DFR (Nb, Mo ~ 0.5–1atom%). • Beta emission derived dose rates for Dounreay particles support existing models. article info abstract Article history: Radioactive particles originating from nuclear fuel reprocessing at the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Received 22 December 2019 Authority's Dounreay Facility were inadvertently released to the environment in the late 1950s to 1970s and Received in revised form 2 April 2020 have subsequently been found on site grounds and local beaches. Previous assessments of risk associated with Accepted 4 April 2020 encountering a particle have been based on conservative assumptions related to particle composition and speci- Available online 7 April 2020 ation.