FINAL PROGRAM

51st Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society (American Conference of Radiological Safety)

June 25-29, 2006 Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island Headquarters Hotel Westin Hotel One West Exchange Street Providence, RI Telephone: (401) 598-8000 Fax: (401) 598-8200

Future Annual Meetings 52nd 7/8-12, 2007 Portland, OR 53rd 7/13-17, 2008 Pittsburgh, PA 54th 7/12-16, 2009 Minneapolis, MN

Future Midyear Topical Meeting 40th 1/21-24, 2007 Knoxville, TN Topic: Decontamination, Decommissioning, and Environmental Cleanup

HPS Secretariat 1313 Dolley Madison Blvd. Suite 402 McLean, VA 22101 (703) 790-1745; FAX: (703) 790-2672 Email: [email protected]; Web Page: www.hps.org Table of Contents Important Events ...... 4 General Information ...... 6 Committee Meetings ...... 8 Scientific Program ...... 10 AAHP Courses ...... 30 Professional Enrichment Program ...... 32 Continuing Education Lecture Abstracts ...... 50 Exhibitor Floorplan ...... 55 Exhibitor Listing ...... 56 Plenary/Works-in-Progress Abstracts ...... 65 Author Index ...... 70 Rhode Island Convention Center ...... 75 Westin Hotel Floorplan ...... 76 Meeting At A Glance ...... Inside/Outside Back Cover

Registration Hours Registration will take place at the Rhode Island Convention Center Saturday, June 24 ...... 2:00 - 5:00 pm Sunday, June 25 ...... 7:00 am - 7:00 pm Monday, June 26 ...... 8:00 am - 4:00 pm Tuesday, June 27 ...... 8:00 am - 4:00 pm Wednesday, June 28 ...... 8:00 am - 4:00 pm Thursday, June 29 ...... 8:00 - 10:00 am

1 Officers Ruth E. McBurney, President Brian Dodd, President Elect Richard R. Brey, Secretary Richard E. Toohey, Treasurer David J. Allard, Treasurer Elect Raymond A. Guilmette, Past President Richard J. Burk, Jr., Executive Secretary

Board of Directors Eric W. Abelquist Joseph L. Alvarez Armin Ansari Lisa M. Bosworth John P. Hageman Eva E. Hickey Kathryn H. Pryor Kathleen L. Shingleton Robert C. Whitcomb, Jr.

Advisory Panel to the Board Elizabeth M. Brackett, Program Committee Chair Richard J. Burk, Jr., Executive Secretary Nancy M. Daugherty, Rules Chair Ninni Jacob, Local Arrangements Committee Co-Chair Raymond H. Johnson, Jr., President's Emeritus Committee Chair Craig A. Little, Operational Radiation Safety Editor-in-Chief Genevieve S. Roessler, Newsletter Editor-in-Chief, Web Site Editor Michael T. Ryan, Journal Editor-in-Chief Robert A. Scott, Local Arrangements Committee Co-Chair

2 2006 Program Committee Chairperson: Elizabeth Brackett Jeri Lynn Anderson Philip D. Kearney Kenneth Krieger Patricia L. Lee Christopher Martel Matthew McFee Steve Reese Glenn M. Sturchio

Local Arrangements Committee Co Chairs- Robert Scott, Ninni Jacob Secretary - John Sumares Treasurer- Michael Whalen Affiliate Liaison - Jennifer Collins Board Liaison -Victor Evdokimoff Floor Manager - William Dundulis Hospitality Suite- Terry LaFrance Intramurals-Mitch Galanek, Warren Church Night Out, Logo/Web Design- Richard Shea PEP Liaison - John Salladay Publicity & Local Information -Tara Medich Receptions- Karyl McGeehan Social Tours - Frank and Paulette Ascoli T-Shirts- James Tocci Technical Tours- William Irwin Volunteer Staffing - James Cherniak Webmaster- Doug LaMay

Summer School David Medich, Academic Dean Chris Martel, Administrative Dean

3 Important Events Welcome Reception Sessions Please plan on stopping in Ballroom A of All PEP Courses and Sessions will be the Convention Center Sunday, June 25, held at the Rhode Island Convention from 6:00-7:00 pm. Center. Exhibits AAHP Awards Luncheon Free Lunch! Free Lunch! – Noon, Tuesday June 27 Monday, June 26. All registered atten- Noon-2:15 pm dees are invited to attend a complimen- Narragansett A, Westin Hotel tary lunch in the exhibit hall. HPS Awards Banquet Breaks Monday Afternoon - Wednesday This event will be held in Ballroom A/B/C Afternoon – Featuring morning continen- of the Rhode Island Convention Center. tal breakfasts and afternoon refresh- The awards will be presented after the ments such as ice cream and cookies. dinner and the event will last from 7:00- Be sure to stop by and visit with the 10:00 pm. exhibitors while enjoying your refresh- ments! Different This Year Arrive early and enjoy the famed “Waterfire” on Saturday, June 24 evening. http://www.waterfire.org/about/index.html There are two options for a Night Out on Wednesday Night Pawsox Baseball Game Dinner Cruise on the Bay Queen This meeting marks the end of the year-long celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Society and we have several history-related activities planned throughout the meeting: ŠA special poster section featuring histories of HPS chapters and university programs. Š Historical movies & videos (remember “Duck and Cover?”) Š Slide shows before the sessions & during breaks. Š A special History Session on Thursday morning. Things to Remember! All Speakers are required to check in at the Speaker Ready Room at least one session prior to their assigned session. All posters up Monday–Wednesday in Exhibit Hall Poster Session featured Monday, 1:30-3:30 pm – No other sessions at that time

AAHP Awards Luncheon The AAHP is sponsoring an Awards Luncheon on Tuesday, June 27, at 12:15 pm, in Narragansett A in the Westin Hotel. You may purchase tickets on site at the Registration Desk.

4 Tuesday Evening Awards Reception & Banquet Join your peers in honoring the following awardees while enjoying a delicious meal. Brief award presentations will immediately follow the dinner. All attendees are strongly encouraged to stay and show support for the award recipients. This event will take place in the Rhode Island Convention Center, Ballroom A/B/C on Tuesday, June 27, from 7:00 - 10:00 pm. The following awards are to be presented: Robley D. Evans Elda E. Anderson Award Commemorative Medal Scott O. Schwahn Ludwig Feinendegen Distinguished Scientific Founders Award Achievement Award L. Max Scott John Auxier

Fellow Award Neil M. Barss Linda L. Morris Carol D. Berger Thomas P. O'Kelley Antone Brooks Jerome Rademacher Robert N. Cherry, Jr. Charles S. Sims Frederick F. Haywood Christopher Soares Edward F. Maher Lawrence W. Townsend Lorraine Marceau Day James T. Voss Debra McBaugh Larry O. Waggoner Menu Hearts of Romaine with Citrus Segments, Sunflower Seed and Bleu Cheese served with a Port Wine Vinaigrette Assorted Rolls and Piped Butter Sautéed Chicken Breast with a Tarragon Cream Sauce with Two Baked Stuffed Shrimp Sautéed Green Beans Tarragon Oven Roasted Potatoes White Chocolate Truffle Raspberry and Vanilla Ice-Cream covered in a White Chocolate Shell On a Raspberry Painted Plate with a Dab of Whipped Cream

G. William Morgan Trust Fund When G. William Morgan died in Bill began his health physics career at Oak 1984, he bequeathed a substantial fund to Ridge National Laboratory as part of the the Health Physics Society. The will Manhattan Project. He later joined the requires that the fund's interest be used to Atomic Energy Commission and was instru- have internationally known experts present mental in the development of the initial reg- papers at the Society's meetings. Michael ulations that became part of 10 CFR Part C. O'Riordan of the United Kingdom's 20. He was a great champion of education National Radiation Protection Board was and helped establish the AEC Health the first international expert to be supported Physics Fellowship Program. Bill later by the Society through the Morgan Fund. became very successful in the real estate O'Riordan's presentation "Radon in Albion" business, but always retained his interest in was part of the Indoor Radon Session at the the health physics profession. The 1989 Albuquerque meeting. Society's Presidents Emeritus Committee G. William Morgan was a Charter has responsibility for the selection of the member of the Society and during the international experts who will be supported Society's early years a very active member. by the G. William Morgan Trust Fund. 5 Registration Hours Information Rhode Island Convention Center Technical Sessions - Speaker Saturday, June 24 . . . . .2:00-5:00 pm Instructions Sunday, June 25 . . .7:00 am-7:00 pm You are allotted a total of 12 min- Monday, June 26 . . .8:00 am-4:00 pm utes of speaking time unless you have Tuesday, June 27 . . .8:00 am-4:00 pm been notified otherwise. Wednesday, June 28 8:00 am-4:00 pm The Ready Room (Room 553A) Thursday, June 29 . . .8:00 - 10:00 am will be open Sunday from 2-5 pm, Monday through Wednesday from 8-11 Registration Fees: am and 2-5 pm. You must check in at Class Pre-Reg On-Site the Ready Room (even if you have HPS Member $350 $425 already submitted your presentation) Non-Member** $420 $495 no later than the following times: ™Student $ 60 $ 60 zCompanion $ 55 $ 55 Presentation Time Check-In Deadline Exhibition ONLY $ 25 $ 25 Monday am 5 pm Sunday Exhibitor (2/booth) No Fee No Fee Monday pm 11 am Monday Add’l Awards Dinner $ 60 $ 60 Tuesday am 5 pm Monday AAHPAwards New CHP Free Free Tuesday pm 11 am Tuesday AAHP Awards (CHP) $ 10 $ 10 Wednesday am 5 pm Tuesday AHHP Awards Guest $ 15 $ 15 Wednesday pm 11 am Wednesday „Member, 1 Day $225 $225 Thursday am 5 pm Wednesday „Non-Member 1 Day $225 $225 Please report to your session room „Student, 1 Day n/a $ 30 10 minutes prior to the Session start to  Includes Sunday Reception, let your session chair(s) know that you Monday Lunch and Tuesday Awards are there. Dinner PEP/CEL Courses ™ Includes Sunday and Student The PEP Ready Room (550A) will have Receptions, Monday Lunch and hours posted on the door. Tuesday Awards Dinner Placement Service z Includes Sunday Reception, Placement Service listings will be Monday-Wednesday Continental posted in the 100 aisle of the Exhibit Breakfast and afternoon snacks Hall. Interviews may be conducted by „ Includes Sessions and Exhibition requesting a room at the Registration ONLY desk. ** Includes Associate Membership for year 2006. Business Meeting The HPS Annual Business Session Location Meeting will be convened at 5:30 pm All sessions and PEP courses will take on Wednesday, June 28, in Ballroom B, place in the Convention Center. ABHP Rhode Island Convention Center. Courses and the adjunct session on Badge Color Code Wednesday evening will take place in White=HPS Member, Nonmember, Student the Westin Hotel. Blue=Companion LAC Room Green=Exhibition Only Saturday-Thursday ...... 553B Salmon=Exhibitor Convention Center

6 Companion/Hospitality Room Activities and Tours The Hospitality Room is in the Note: Tickets still availabe for sale can Westin Hotel in the Library on the lobby be purchased at the HPS Registration level. Come meet with friends and learn Desk. about the available attractions in Sunday, June 25 Providence. Local HPS members will Historic Providence 1-3 pm be on hand to help with planning day Monday, June 26 trips and restaurant recommendations. RI Hospital Gamma Knife 1:30-4:30 pm On Monday morning from 8 to 9 am, we Open Mic Night 8 pm-Midnight invite all registered companions to an official welcome from a local represen- Tuesday, June 27 tative who will provide an orientation to 5K Walk/Fun Run 6:30-8:30 am Providence and answer any questions Juliett Sub Tour 9:30 am-1 pm you might have. The Monday breakfast Coastal Lighthouses 9:30 am-5 pm will take place in the Bristol/Kent Room. Brown University 1:30-4:30 pm Continental breakfast will be avail- Wednesday, June 28 able Monday through Wednesday MIT Reactor 9 am-5 pm mornings for registered companions, as Newport 9 am-5 pm will afternoon refreshments if atten- Night Out Ballgame 4:45-10 pm dance warrants. Night Out Dinner Cruise 6-11 pm Thursday, June 29 Woods Hole Institute 9:30 am-5 pm

Hospitality Room for Registered Companions Monday Welcome 8:00 - 9:00 am Bristol/Kent Room, Westin Hotel Hours/Days Library Lobby Level, Westin Hotel Sunday ...... 8 am - 3 pm Monday ...... 9 am - 3 pm Tuesday ...... 8 am - 3 pm Wednesday ...... 8 am - 3 pm

7 Health Physics Society Committee Meetings CC = Rhode Island Convention Center W = Westin Hotel Friday, June 23, 2006 SYMPOSIA COMMITTEE 12:30-4:30 pm 554B (CC) ABHP BOARD MEETING CHAPTER COUNCIL MEETING 8:30 am-5:00 pm Newport (W) 1:00-2:00 pm Ballroom D (CC) Saturday, June 24, 2006 AEC ACCREDITATION SUBCOMMITTEE 2:00-4:00 pm Providence III (W) FINANCE COMMITTEE ABHP PASSING POINT WORKSHOP 8:00 am-Noon Washington (W) 2:00-5:00 pm Narragansett C (W) ABHP BOARD MEETING HPS WEB EDITORS 8:30 am-Noon Blackstone (W) 2:00-5:00 pm Providence II (W) CONTINUING EDUCATION COMMITTEE AAHP PROFESSIONAL DEVELOP- 1:00-5:00 pm Executive Boardroom (W) MENT COMMITTEE AAHP EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 3:00-5:00 pm 554A (CC) 1:00-5:00 pm Blackstone (W) HISTORY COMMITTEE HPS EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 3:00-5:00 pm 550B (CC) 1:00-5:00 pm President’s Suite (W) Tuesday, June 27, 2006 HP/ORS JOURNAL BOARD MEETING 3:00-6:00 pm Waterplace II/III (W) SOCIETY SUPPORT COMMITTEE 8:00-11:00 am Waterplace II (W) Sunday, June 25, 2006 RADIATION SAFETY WITHOUT HPS BOARD OF DIRECTORS BORDERS 8:00 am-5:00 pm Providence I/IV (W) 9:00-11:00 am 554A (CC) AAHP EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE ANSI N13.38 WORKING GROUP 8:30 am-3:00 pm Blackstone (W) 9:00 am-Noon Executive Boardroom (W) PROGRAM COMMITTEE HP PROGRAM DIRECTORS 11:00 am-2:00 pm 553A (CC) ORGANIZATION Noon-2:00 pm 554A (CC) Monday, June 26, 2006 SCIENCE TEACHER WORKSHOP COMMITTEE RULES COMMITTEE Noon-2:00 pm 550B (CC) 10:00 am-Noon Executive Boardroom (W) PUBLIC INFORMATION COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE Noon-2:00 pm 554B (CC) Noon-2:00 pm 550B (CC) LEGISLATION AND REGULATION RSO SECTION EXECUTIVE BOARD COMMITTEE MEETING 1:00-5:00 pm Newport (W) Noon-2:00 pm Providence I (W) ANSI/HPS N13.12 WRITING GROUP SUMMER SCHOOL COMMITTEE 1:30-5:00 pm Executive Boardroom (W) Noon-2:00 pm 554A (CC)

8 ANSI N13.56 WORKING GROUP 2:00-4:00 pm Kent (W) HOMELAND SECURITY COMMITTEE 3:00-5:00 pm Waterplace II (W)

Wednesday, June 28, 2006

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS COMMITTEE 9:00 am - Noon 550B (CC) LAB ACCREDITATION POLICY COM- MITTEE/LAB ACCREDITATION ASSESS- MENT COMMITTEE 10:00 am-2:00 pm 554A (CC) NOMINATING COMMITTEE Noon-2:30 pm Newport (W) STUDENT BRANCH MEETING Noon-2:00 pm 554B (CC) ACADEMIC EDUCATION COMMITTEE 2:00-4:00 pm 550B (CC) HOMELAND SECURITY COMMITTEE 3:00-5:00 pm Blackstone (W)

Thursday, June 29, 2006

LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS COMMITTEE 7:30-9:30 am 553B (CC) HPSSC MEETING 8:00 am-Noon Washington (W) PROGRAM COMMITTEE 12:30-3:00 pm Kent (W) HPS BOARD OF DIRECTORS 1:00-5:00 pm Providence I/IV (W)

9 51st Annual Meeting of the Health Physics Society Providence, Rhode Island, June 25-29 - Final Scientific Program Presenter’s name is asterisked (*) if other than first author.

Monday 10:30 am PL3 7:00 - 8:00 AM Room 551 Congressman James R. Langevin CEL-1 The High Background Radiation U. S. House of Representatives Area in Ramsar Iran. 11:15 am PL.4 Karam, A., MJW Corporation The Nuclear Renaissance and the Role 7:00 - 8:00 AM Room B of the Radiation Safety Professional CEL-2 Radiation Safety for Security Admiral Frank L. Bowman (Robert S. Based Applications: The U.S. Customs Landauer, Sr. Lecture) and Border Protection Methodology. Nuclear Energy Institute Whitman, R.; US Customs and Border P: POSTER SESSION Protection 1:30-3:30 PM Exhibit Hall 8:10 am-Noon Ballroom A A section of the posters will be devoted to PL1: Plenary Session 1 the History of HPS Chapters and Chair: Ruth McBurney University Programs. 8:10 am ENVIRONMENTAL Welcome to Providence P.1 Use of Trace Radioactivity to Ruth E. McBurney, President, Health Phy- Identify Recent Sedimentation Rate in sics Society; Ninni Jacob, Local Persian Gulf Arrangements Committee Representative Beitollahi, M., Ghiassi-Nejad, M., Amidi, 8:15 am J., Dunker, R. Welcome to Providence Idaho State University, Pocatello, Tarbiat David C. Cicilline, Mayor of Providence Modaress University, Tehran-Iran, Iranian 8:25 am Nuclear Regulatory Authority, Tehran-Iran Introduction of Morgan Lectures P.2 Potential Uptake of Radionuclides Raymond H. Johnson, Jr. by Biota Behind a Sediment Retention Radiation Safety Academy Structure in Los Alamos Canyon at Los 8:30 am PL.1 Alamos National Laboratory after the Integrating Risk Analysis and Communi- Cerro Grande Fire cation Fresquez, P. R. Baruch Fischhoff (G. William Morgan Los Alamos National Laboratory Lecture) P.3 Rapid Determination of Sr-90 Carnegie Mellon University using 3M Empore Strontium Rad Disks 9:15 am PL.2 and Cerenkov Counting in Water Integrating Security with the Safety Samples Environment Ngazimbi, R., Dunker, R., Brey, R., Margaret V. Federline Farfan, E. U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Idaho State University 10:00 am Break

10 Monday P.13 Long Double Precision Computer EXTERNAL DOSIMETRY Code for Exact Detection Limits and P.4 Comparison of Effective Doses Errors of the Second Kind when the Blank from Pediatric Stylized and Tomographic Count Time is an Integer Number of Phantoms for External Photon Beams Times Greater than the Sample Count Lee, C., Lee, C., Bolch, W. Time University of Florida Potter, W.E., Strzelczyk, J. Consultant, Sacramento, CA, University P.5 Fluctuation of Organ Doses in of Colorado Health Science Center, CO Tomographic Phantoms for External Photon Irradiation P.14 Cost Effective Geiger Mueller Lee, C., Nagaoka, T. Detectors for the Teaching Environment University of Florida, NICT, Japan Estes, B., Simpson, D. Bloomsburg University P.6 A Monte Carlo Photon Simulation ® P.15 Study of GaAs Photo Conductive Code Using Excel VBA Programming Detectors (PCDs) Cummings, F.M., Keller, M.F., Schwahn, Kharashvili, G., Beezhold, W., Brey, R., S.O.* Gesell, T., Hunt, A. Idaho State University Idaho State University P.7 Evaluation of Neutron Dose- P.16 Further Investigation of the Equivalent Type Survey Meters in a Response Characteristics of a Portable Pulsed, Linear Accelerator-Produced Portal Monitor Neutron Field Balzer, M., Brey, R., Hunt, A., Gesell, T. Anderson, E., Brey, R., Claver, K., Idaho State University Dunker, R. Idaho State University INTERNAL DOSIMETRY P.8 Comparision of ESR Dosimetry in P.17 Determining Transfer Rate Human vs. Sus Scrofa Domestica Tooth Probability Functions for the Systemic Enamel Compartments Heiserman, C., Johnson, T., Zimbrick, J. Ozcan, I., Farfan, E. Colorado State University Idaho State University HOMELAND SECURITY & EMERGENCY P.18 Determining Probabilistic Distribu- RESPONSE tions for Gastrointestinal Track Transfer Rates P.11 Nuclear and Radiological Incident Ankrah, M., Farfan, E. Scenarios Idaho State University Donnelly, E., Fallahian*, N., Farfan, E. Centers for Disease Control and P.19 Selecting USTUR Cases to Test Prevention, Idaho State University ICRP Models Probabilistically Timilsina, B., Farfan, E. INSTRUMENTATION Idaho State University P.12 Monte Carlo Calculations of the P.20 Justification for Using Cs-137 National Institute of Standards and Whole Body Count Information as a Flag Technology Heavy-Water-Moderated Cf- for Undertaking In Vitro Analysis of Sr- 252 Sphere 90/Y-90 Clement, R., Heimbach, C., Thompson, A. McCord, S., Brey, R., Ruhter, P., National Institute of Standards and Anderson, B. Technology Idaho State University, Idaho National Laboratory 11 Monday P.28 Fundamental Data Applicable to P.21 Health Effects Based on Prolonged the Design of Nuclear Medicine Imaging Radiation Exposure: A Radiobiological Facilities Study on Animals Nasher, K., Brey, R., Jenkins, P., Billa, J., Donnelly, E., Farfan, E. Hoffman, J., Butterfield, R. Idaho State University, Centers for Idaho State University, University of Utah Disease Control and Prevention Hospitals and Clinics P.22 Validation of Detection Levels in a P.29 Accurate Estimate of Activation Urine Bioassay Program Products and a Decay Time for HAVAR® La Bone, T., Fauth, D., Findley, W., Entrance Foils of a GE®PETtrace Priester, H. Medical Cyclotron MJW Corporation, Washington Savannah Manickam, V.M., Brey, R., Chen, J., River Company Jenkins, P., Christian, P., Gibby, J., P.23 Assessment of Annual Effective Buckway, B. Dose to Workers in the Florida Phosphate Idaho State University, University of Utah Industry Via Characterization of Lung Hospitals and Clinics Fluid Solubility OPERATIONAL HEALTH PHYSICS Kim, K., Wu, C., Birky, B., Bolch, W. P.30 Radiological Toolbox University of Florida Sherbini, S., DeCicco, J., Karagiannis, P.24 Exploratory Project to Integrate H., Eckerman, K. CAD in MCNP Geometry Modeling US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Oak Furler, M., Bednarz, B., Xu, X.G. Ridge National Laboratory Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute P.31 Radiation Safety for Enclosed X- MEDICAL HEALTH PHYSICS Ray Systems in the University Setting P.25 Development of Graduate Health Caracappa, P. Physics Program Based in the Radiation Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Safety Office at a Major University P.33 Incineration of Non-PCB Radio- Medical Center active and Hazardous Materials Yoshizumi, T., Reiman, R., Vylet, V., Exceeding Waste Acceptance Criteria Samei, E., Dobbins, J. Knox, W. Duke University Advanced Systems Technology P.26 Alpha Particle Transport in INTERNATIONAL POSTERS Voxelized Trabecular Bone Images P.34 Technologies to Explore Gamma Tabatadze, G., Patton, P. Radiation Influence on Structurally University of Nevada, Las Vegas Depended Exoemission Properties of P.27 Intercomparison of X-ray Film, Bone TLD, and OSL Dosimeter Response To Zakaria, M., Bogucarska, T., Noskov, V., Tc-99m, F-18, and Mixed Tc-99m/F-18 Dekhtyar, Y. Radiation Exposures. Riga Technical University, Latvia Sturchio, G.M., Forrest, R. Mayo Clinic Rochester, University of Pennsylvania

12 Monday P. 40 Cancer Incidence in Female P.35 Comparison Between Two Health Care Workers Occupationally Protocols Trs 277 and Trs 398 for the Exposed to Ionising Radiation, 1982-2002 Determination of Absorbed Dose to Matisane, L. Water in External Radiotherapy: Riga Stradins University, Latvia Experiences of Madagascar P.41 New Large Area Gas Proportional Ramanandraibe, M.J., Randriant- Detectors sizafy, R. D., Andriambololona, R., Olshvanger, B., Boforodzki, G. Rolland, R. Canberra Company, Canada Institut National des Sciences et P.42 Comparisons of Activity Measure- Techniques Nucléaires, Madagascar ments with Radionuclide Calibrators - A P.36 Radioanalytical Determination of Tool for Quality Assessment and 239+240 241 Pu and Am in Biological Samples Improvement in Nuclear Medicine by Anion Exchange and Extraction Oropesa , P., Hernández, A.T., Serra,R., Chromatography for Radiation Safety Varela, C. Purposes Centro de Isótopos (CENTIS), Cuba, Ridone, S., Arginelli, D., Berton, G., Centro de Control Estatal de Equipos Bortoluzzi, S., Canuto, G., Montalto, M., Médicos (CCEEM), Cuba Nocente, M., Vegro, M. P.43 Some Results of a Simulated Test Italian National Agency for New for Administration of Activity in Nuclear Technologies, Energy and Environment- Medicine ENEA, Research Centre of Saluggia, Oropesa, P., Hernández, A.T., Serra, R.A. Institute of Radiation Protection ION-IRP, Varela, C., Woods, M.J. Italy Centro de Isótopos (CENTIS), Cuba, P.37 Radioactivity in Building Materials Centro de Control Estatal de Equipos and Its Contribution to the Indoor Médicos (CCEEM), Cuba, Ionising Exposure Doses in Tanzania Radiation Metrology Consultants Ltd, UK Banzi, F.P., Msaki, P. P.44 Nuclear Energy From 1945 to Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, 2005. Combating Nuclear and Radiolog- University of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania ical Terrorism P.38 Radiological Surveillance of Foods Puig, D.E. in Cuba High Studies National Centre (Ministry of Fernández Gómez, I.M., Rodríguez Defence), Uruguay Castro, G.V., Carrazana González, J.A., P.45 An Instrumental Method for the Capote Ferrera, E., Martínez Ricardo, N. Assessment of Gamma Dose Due to Center for Radiation Protection and FPNG Releases Using Gamma Tracer Hygiene, Cuba Probe P. 39 Design and Construction of a Rao, D.D., Vanave, S.V., Hegde, A.G., Measurement Device for Extremely Low Joshi, M.L. Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields. Tarapur Atomic Power Station, India, Hosseinipanah, S., Farvadin, D. Health Physics Division, BARC, Mumbai Atomic Energy Organization of Iran (AEOI)

13 Monday P.53 A Comparison of Dose-Based P.46 Spectra and Dosimetric Features Residual Contamination Levels Estimated of Isotopic Neutron Sources for Five Geologically and Environmentally Vega-Carrillo, H.R., Gallego, E., Lorente, Distinct Locations A. Tabriz, M., Bak, A., Higley, K. Unidad Académica de Estudios Oregon State University Nucleares de la UAZ, México, P.54 A Preliminary Investigation into the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain Dependence of Radiosensitivity on Mass P.47 Neutron Dosimetry Using Artificial Across a Range of Phyla Neural Networks Bytwerk, D., Higley, K. Vega-Carrillo, H.R., Perales-Muñoz, W. Oregon State University A., Gallego, E., Lorente, A. P.55 Estimation of Work-Related Unidad Académica de Estudios Medical X-ray Dose for the Multi-Site Nucleares de la UAZ, México, Leukemia Case Control Study Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain Anderson, J.L., Daniels R.D. P.48 Neutron Fluence Rate Measured National Institute for Occupational Safety Through Prompt Gamma Rays and Health (NIOSH) Vega-Carrillo, H.R. P.56 Application of Classical versus Unidad Académica de Estudios Bayesian Statistical Methods to Online Nucleares de la UAZ, México Radiological Monitoring Data WORKS-IN-PROGRESS Attardo, A., French, P.D., DeVol, T.A. P.49 Radiation Health and Safety of a Clemson University, ADA Technologies, Radioisotope Powered Micro-Fuel Cell Inc. Maloy, K., Palmer, T. 3:30-4:45 PM Room 551 Oregon State University P.50 Determination of Enrichment MPM-A: Risk Analysis Parameters after Reduction of Synthetic Chair: Patricia Lee Tritiated Samples in a Proton Exchange 3:30 PM MPM-A.1 Membrane Electrolyzer Radiation and Breast Cancer in Ukraine Soreefan, A.M., DeVol, T.A. following the Chernobyl Accident: A Case- Clemson University Control Study P.51 Large Size Chambers used for Khyrunenko, L.I., Anspaugh, L.R., Calibrating a Cesium-137 Gamma-Ray Gryshenko, V.G., Gulak, L.O., Beam Irradiator Fedorenko, Z.P. Minniti, R. Science, Engineering and Ecological National Institute of Standards and Centre “Polygon,” Ukraine, University of Technology (NIST) Utah, Scientific Research Center for P.52 Derivation of Absorbed Fractions Radiation Medicine, Ukraine, National and External Dose Conversion Factors for Cancer Registry, Ukraine Selected Reference Organisms Being 3:45 PM MPM-A.2 Considered by the ICRP Revised Prioritization of LANL Nuclear Kamboj, S., Yu, C., Domotor, S. Material for Repackaging and Stabilization Argonne National Laboratory, US Hoffman, J., Smith, P. Department of Energy Los Alamos National Laboratory

14 Monday 4:30 PM MPM-B.5 4:00 PM MPM-A.3 Localized Deposition Patterns of Laboratory Risk Assessment Inspection Molecular Phase Po-218 in Lung Bifur- Procedure cations Dua, S., Mwaisela, J., Hevia, R., Knowles, Gutti, V., Tompson, R., Loyalka, S. T., Youngblut, W. University of Missouri - Columbia Florida International University 4:45 PM MPM-B.6 4:15 PM MPM-A.4 A Compartmental Model for Natural Determining the Bioavailability of Soil- Uranium Transferred into Human Hair Associated Radium Using In Vitro after a Chronic Intake of Uranium-Rich Methodology Water Tack, K., Bytwerk, D. Higley, K. Li, W., Muikku, M., Salonen, L., Wahl, W., Oregon State University Hoellriegl, V., Roth, P., Rahola, T., Oeh, U. 4:30 PM MPM-A.5 GSF-National Research Center for Radon Risk Assessment Reviewed Environment and Health, STUK-Radiation Conrath, S. and Nuclear Safety Authority US Environmental Protection Agency 3:30-5:15 PM Ballroom B 5:00 PM MPM-B.7 Energy-Lost Distribution in a Thin Layer of MPM-B: Internal Dosimetry and Tissue Bioassay Moussa, H., Townsend, L., Eckerman, K. University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge Co-Chairs: James Griffin and Thomas La National Laboratory Bone 3:30-4:45 PM Ballroom D 3:30 PM MPM-B.1 Pushing the Envelope: Four Potential MPM-C: Instrumentation Plutonium Intakes Detected by Low-Level Chair: Jeri Anderson Routine Bioassay Carbaugh, E., Antonio, C. 3:30 PM MPM-C.1 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Performance of a Portable, Electro- 3:45 PM MPM-B.2 mechanically Cooled HPGe Detector For Estimation of Median Lethal Intakes for Site Characterization Radionuclide Ingestion Keyser, R., Hagenauer, R. Langsted, J. ORTEC Shaw Environmental & Infrastructure, Inc. 3:45 PM MPM-C.2 4:00 PM MPM-B.3 Lowering the Minimum Detection Limits of Radiation Dose from Cigarette Tobacco a Gamma Spectrometry System Papastefanou, C. Hoffman, C., Harker, Y., Wells, D. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, CWI, Idaho State University Greece 4:00 PM MPM-C.3 4:15 PM MPM-B.4 Single Photon Emission Computed Radon and Thoron Equilibrium Factors: Tomography (SPECT) for Imaging Calculation and Experimental Values Fissionable Material in Waste Barrels Harley, N., Chittaporn, P. Naeem, S.F., Wells, D.P., White, T., New York University School of Medicine Roney, T. Idaho State University, Idaho Accelerator Center, Idaho National Laboratory 15 Monday 4:15 PM MPM-C.4 A New Wide-Energy Efficiency Curve for GE Based Detection Systems Kramer, G. Health Canada 4:30 PM MPM-C.5 The HPS Quest for NACLA Recognition Keith, L., Wu, C., Cummings, R. Swinth, K., O’Connell, T., Alvarez, J. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ASTDR), US Department of Energy, Consultant, MA, Auxier Associates 3:30-5:00 PM Room 552 Historical Videos and Movies

16 Tuesday 9:30 AM TAM-A.5 7:00 - 8:00 AM Room 551 Evaluation of Radionuclide Accumulation CEL-3 The Lions, Rhinos and in Soil Due to Long-Term Irrigation Reactors of South Africa. Wu, D. Allard, D.; Pennsylvania Department of Bechtel SAIC Company Environmental Protection Bureau of 9:45 AM TAM-A.6 Radiation Protection Partition Coefficients (Kd) for Uranium in 7:00 - 8:00 AM Ballroom B Size-Selected Surface Soils: Implications CEL-4 Internal Dose Issues in for Dose Assessment Pregnancy. Whicker, J., Pinder, J., Breshears, D. Stabin, M.; Vanderbilt University Los Alamos National Laboratory, Colorado State University, University of 8:30 AM-Noon Room 551 Arizona TAM-A: Environmental 10:00 AM TAM-A.7 Co-Chairs: Matthew Barnett and Craig Characterization of World War II Little Operations in D Building at Los Alamos to Support Estimation of Airborne Plutonium 8:30 AM TAM-A.1 Releases Variation of Dissolved Radon Concentra- Widner, T., Knutsen, J., Shonka, J., tion in Private Wells O’Brien, J., Burns, R., Buddenbaum, J., Guiseppe, V.E., Hess, C.T. Flack, S. University of Maine ChemRisk, Inc., Shonka Research 8:45 AM TAM-A.2 Associates, ENSR Corporation Recent Environmental Analysis of Biota at 10:15 AM BREAK Amchitka Island Favret, D., Stabin, M., Burger, J., Kosson, 10:45 AM TAM-A.8 D., Gochfeld, M., Powers, C.W. Study of the Variation in Airborne Gross Vanderbilt University, Rutgers University, Beta Concentrations and Related Climate Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Conditions University of Medicine and Dentistry of Satterwhite, C.A., Gesell, T.F. New Jersey and Institute for Responsible Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho State Management University 9:00 AM TAM-A.3 11:00 AM TAM-A.9 Gamma-ray Spectroscopy and X-ray In situ Aerosol Probe Occlusion Tests at Fluorescence of Radioactive Household the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant Items Arimoto, R., Team, E. Feeley, R., Hess, C. CEMRC/New Mexico State University, University of Maine WTS 9:15 AM TAM-A.4 11:15 AM TAM-A.10 238 232 40 137 Modifying a 60 Year Old Stack Sampling U, Th, K, and Cs Activities System to Meet ANSI N13.1-1999 and Salt Mineralogy in the Black Butte Soil Equivalency Series of the Virgin River Floodplain, NV, Simmons, F. USA Fluor Hanford, Inc. Morton, J., Buck, B., Merkler, D. University of Nevada, Las Vegas, National Resources Conservation Service

17 Tuesday 11:00 AM TAM-B.5 11:30 AM TAM-A.11 NIH Response to NRC Order for NESHAP Compliance Methodology for Increased Controls Over Certain On-Site Members of the Public Quantities of Radioactive Materials McElhoe, B. Baryoun, A. CDM Federal Services Inc. National Institutes of Health 11:45 AM TAM-A.12 11:30 AM TAM-B.6 Implementing a Web-Based Radioactive Recent Activities to Enhance Radiation Material Tracking System Source Protection and Control - the Ballinger, M., Gervais, T. Energy Policy Act and the Increased Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Controls Broaddus, D. 8:30 AM-Noon Ballroom B US Nuclear Regulatory Commission TAM-B: Government Section: Noon Government Section Business Increased Controls for Meeting Radioactive Sources and 8:30 AM-Noon Ballroom D Impacts of the Energy Policy TAM-C: AAHP Session: Act of 2005 Radiation Measurement Chair: Cynthia Jones Instrumentation for HPs - Looking 8:30 AM TAM-B.1 Back at the Past and Looking History of State Involvement in Security of High Risk Radioactive Materials Forward to the Future O’Kelley, P. Chair: Frazier Bronson South Carolina Radiological Health 8:30 AM TAM-C.1 9:00 AM TAM-B.2 Pictures from an Exhibition: The Birth and Issuance of the Increased Controls for Evolution of Field Instruments for Health Radioactive Materials in Quantities of Physics Concern Kathren, R. L. (G. William Morgan Hamrick, B. Lecturer) California Department of Health Services Washington State University 9:30 AM BREAK 9:00 AM TAM-C.2 Portable Gamma Dose/Exposure Rate 10:00 AM TAM-B.3 Instruments - What Does the Future Implementation and Inspection of the Hold? Increased Controls in Massachusetts Rima, S. Gallaghar, R. MACTEC, Inc. Massachusetts Radiation Control Pro- gram 9:15 AM TAM-C.3 Field Neutron Instruments and Measure- 10:30 AM TAM-B.4 ments Experiences in Culture Clash Enhanced Vylet, V. Security Requirements and Research Duke University Ring, J. Harvard University

18 Tuesday 2:30-5:30 PM Room 551 9:30 AM TAM-C.4 Contamination Measurements And TPM-A: RSO Special Session Instrumentation Co-Chairs: Jim Schweitzer and Robert Shonka, J.J. Gallaghar Shonka Research Associates, Inc. 2:30 PM TPM-A.1 9:45 AM TAM-C.5 Partial Decontamination of a Manhattan Portable Gamma Spectroscopy - A Brief Project Building Look at the State of the Art and a Vision of Morgan, T. the Next Generation University of Rochester Smith, R. J. 2:45 PM TPM-A.2 Westinghouse Savannah River Company The Safety Light Corporation Environ- 10:00 AM BREAK mental Issues and Potential Impacts on 10:30 AM TAM-C.6 Radiation Safety Programs The History and Direction of Passive Simpson, D. Dosimetry Bloomsburg University Lucas, A.C. 3:00 PM TPM-A.3 Nextep Technologies, Inc. Radon Testing of Student Residences at a 10:45 AM TAM-C.7 Large University Current & Future Applications of Linsley, M.E. Electronic Dosimetry Penn State University Lopez, S., Straccia, F. 3:15 PM TPM-A.4 MGP Instruments, Inc., Radiation Safety & Radon Testing as a Campus Community Control Services, Inc. Service Mohaupt, T. 11:00 AM TAM-C.8 Wright State University Current and Future Biological Dosimetry Tools for Health Physicists 3:30 PM BREAK Blakely, W., Prasanna, P.*, Goans, R. 4:00 PM TPM-A.5 Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Performance-Based Interactive Radiation Institute (AFRRI), MJW Corporation Safety Training for the Laboratory 11:30 AM TAM-C.9 Environment Personnel Contamination Monitors Crouch, G.P. Philipson, J., Fedko, A. Indiana University - Bloomington Bruce Power Canada 4:15 PM TPM-A.6 11:45 AM TAM-C.10 Radiation Safety Orientation Seminars- Radiation Detection for Homeland Taking it to the Web Security: Past, Present, and Future Hanlon, J., Ring, J. Ely, J. Harvard University Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 4:30 PM TPM-A.7 Assessment and Mitigation of Laser 8:30 AM-Noon Room 552 Safety Hazards in a University Laboratory Historical Videos and Movies Setting Jo, M., Oberg, S., Barat, K. University of Nevada, Reno, CLSO

19 Tuesday 2:45 PM TPM-B.2 4:45 PM TPM-A.8 Quantification of Errors in Nuclear Circumstances Surrounding a Laser Injury Workers Doses - Photon Radiation with at Purdue University Energy Between 100-3000 keV Handy, M. Thierry-Chef, I., Marshall, M., Fix, J.J., Purdue University Bermann, F., Gilbert, E.S., Hacker, C., Heinmiller, B., Pearce, M.S., Utterback, D., 5:00 PM TPM-A.9 Moser, M., Pernicka, F., Cardis, E. An Evaluation of Radiation Safety Staff International Agency for Research on Response to a Fire in a Radiation Use Cancer, France, Twin Trees, UK, Dade Facility Moeller & Associates, WA, Commissariat à Wang, W.-H., Matthews II, K.L. l\’Energie Atomique, France, National Louisiana State University Cancer Institute, MD, Australian Nuclear 5:15 PM TPM-A.10 Science and Technology Organisation, Radiation Safety Program in a Veterinary Australia, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Teaching Hospital Canada, University of Newcastle, UK, Schweitzer, J. National Institute for Occupational Safety Purdue University and Health, OH, Bundesamt für 5:30 PM RSO Section Business Gesundheitswesen und Stralenschutz, Meeting Switzerland, International Atomic Energy 2:30-5:30 PM Ballroom B Agency, Austria 3:00 PM TPM-B.3 TPM-B: External Dosimetry DOELAP Beta Source Recharacterization Co-Chairs: Jack Fix and David Using ISO 6980-2 Hearnsberger Bean, L.C., Schwahn, S.O.* 2:30 PM TPM-B.1 US Department of Energy DOE Mayak Study External Dosimetry 3:15 PM TPM-B.4 Database A Backscatter Correction Model for Three- Teplyakov, I. , Gorelov, M.V., Knyazev, Dimensional Beta Sources V.A.., Vasilenko, E.K., Fix, J.J.*, Durham, J.S., Krobl, K., Karagiannis, H., Scherpelz, R.I. Sherbini, S. Mayak Production Association, Dade Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory Moeller & Associates, Pacific Northwest Analyses, Southwest Research Institute, National Laboratory Colorado State University, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission 3:30 PM TPM-B.5 Determining Dose from a Bi-213 Skin Contamination Roberson, M., Carter, D. National Institutes of Health 3:45 PM TPM-B.6 A Validated System to Assay Radioactive Particles for Expedient Skin Dose Rate Estimation Heinmiller, B., Dubeau, J. Atomic Energy of Canada, Ltd. (AECL) Chalk River, DETEC Consultants 20 Tuesday 3:15 PM TPM-C.3 4:00 PM BREAK Liquid Scintillation Counters and Measurements Today 4:30 PM TPM-B.7 Passo, Jr., C. Exploratory Project to Integrate CAD in PerkinElmer Life and Analytical Sciences MCNP Geometry Modeling Furler, M., Bednarz, B., Xu, X. 3:30 PM TPM-C.4 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Two New Scintillators: LaCl3 and LaBr3 Rozsa, C., Mayhugh, M. 4:45 PM TPM-B.8 Saint-Gobain Crystals Development of Organ-Specific External Dose Coefficients for Dose Reconstruc- 3:45 PM BREAK tion for Medical Personnel 4:15 PM TPM-C.5 Simon, S., Seltzer, S. Solid State Detectors National Cancer Institute, National Shah, K. Institute of Standards and Technology Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc. 5:00 PM TPM-B.9 4:30 PM TPM-C.6 A Revised Method of Estimating Red Multichannel Analyzers Based on Digital Bone Marrow Dose in Image-Based Signal Processing Computational Models Jordanov, V. Caracappa, P., Xu, X. Yantel, LLC Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 4:45 PM TPM-C.7 5:15 PM TPM-B.10 In Vivo Measurement Instrumentation Characterization of a Low Dose Rate Lynch, T. Facility Using Radiochromic Film Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Sirisalee Magers, T., Ullrich, R., Johnson, 5:00 PM TPM-C.8 T. General Industry Developments that Colorado State University Affect Health Physics Instrumentation 2:30-5:15 PM Ballroom D Kasper, K. Envirocare of Utah, LLC TPM-C: AAHP Session: Radiation 5:15 PM AAHP Business Meeting Measurement Instrumentation for 2:30-5:00 PM Room 552 HPs - Looking Back at the Past and Looking Forward to the Historical Videos and Movies Future Chair: Frazier Bronson 2:30-5:00 PM Room 555B 2:30 PM TPM-C.1 NESHAP Meeting The Evolution of Laboratory Instrumenta- tion for Operational Health Physicists Bronson, F. Canberra Industries 3:00 PM TPM-C.2 Alpha-Beta Counting Instrumentation* (UCRL ABS-218200) Radev, R. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

21 Wednesday 10:30 AM WAM-A.5 7:00 - 8:00 AM Room 552 Improving Scanning Detection Capabili- CEL-5 A Review on Distribution of ties Using Gamma Spectral Techniques Radiopharmaceuticals: Implication on for Decommissioning Surveys Radiation Therapy and Protection Bland, J.S., Doan, J., Gaul, W., Nardi, Venkata, L.; University of Medicine and A.J. Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Chesapeake Nuclear Services, Westing- Jersey house Electric Company 7:00 - 8:00 AM Ballroom B 10:45 AM WAM-A.6 CEL-6 SAXTON Nuclear Reactor Estimating the Uncertainty of Surface Decommissioning Activity Measurements Using the ISO Granlund, R.; Health Physics Consultant Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement 8:45-11:15 AM Room 552 Gogolak, C. Consultant WAM-A: Decommissioning Section Special Session 11:15 AM Decommissioning Section Business Meeting Co-Chairs: Tim Vitkus and Joe Shonka 8:30 AM-Noon Balloom B 8:45 AM WAM-A.1 Update on N13.59 Characterization of WAM-B: Medical Health Physics Land Areas and Structures in Support of Co-Chairs: John Jacobus and Michael Decommissioning Stabin Abelquist, E. Oak Ridge Associated Universities 8:30 AM WAM-B.1 (ORAU) Dealing with a Case of Deliberate Misuse of 9:00 AM WAM-A.2 Radioactive Materials Empirical Versus Theoretical Determina- King, S.H., Miller, K.L. tion of Total Instrument Efficiency for M.S. Hershey Medical Center Assessing Natural Thorium Surface 8:45 AM WAM-B.2 Activity During Decommissioning Photodynamically Inflicted Biomolecular Vitkus, T., Condra, D. Damage and Cell Death of Malignant Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Melanoma Cells in Culture Education (ORISE) Mamoon, A., Telivala, T., Smith, R., 9:15 AM WAM-A.3 Wang, Q., Miller, L. Radiological Aspects of the D&D of a Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Radiosurgery Facility (EAEA), Brookhaven National Laboratory Bump, S. 9:00 AM WAM-B.3 Dade Moeller & Associates Struggling with Radiation when the 9:30 AM BREAK Subject is your Child Fellman, A. 10:00 AM WAM-A.4 Radiation Safety Academy, Inc. Rigorous Application of Signal Detection Theory to Field Measurements 9:15 AM WAM-B.4 Shonka, J.J. New Jersey’s Quality Assurance Shonka Research Associates, Inc. Regulations: A Physicist’s Perspective Garelick, I. St. Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ

22 Wednesday 11:30 AM WAM-B.11 9:30 AM WAM-B.5 Radioactive Scorpion Venom Therapy Training Program for Occupational Dose Jackson, A., Harkness, B. Reduction in a Positron Emission Henry Ford Health System Tomography (PET) Imaging Facility 11:45 AM WAM-B.12 Schleipman, A.R. Iodine-131 Therapy And The Dialysis Brigham and Women’s Hospital Patient 9:45 AM WAM-B.6 Bohan, M.J., Richardson, R.L. Benchmark Data for Radiation Doses in Yale-New Haven Hospital Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization Noon Medical HP Section Business Procedures: Basis for Establishing Meeting Reference Dose Levels 8:30 AM-Noon Ballroom D Al-Haj, A., Lobriguito, A., Rafeh, W., Al- Humaidan, A. WAM-C: Power Reactor Special King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Session: A Nuclear Power Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Renaissance in the United 10:00 AM BREAK States? 10:30 AM WAM-B.7 Co-Chairs: Larry E.Haynes and Ralph Calibration of Radiochromic Films for Andersen Patient Dosimetry in Interventional Radiology 8:30 AM WAM-C.1 Al-Haj, A., Chantziantoniu, K., Lobriguito, The Future of Nuclear Power in the US A., Iqeilan, N., Lagarde, C. Andersen, R. King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Nuclear Energy Institute Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 9:15 AM WAM-C.3 10:45 AM WAM-B.8 AP1000 by Westinghouse: The Pressur- Occupational Radiation Dose in Stress ized Water Reactor Revisited Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: Compari- Schumacher, R. son Between 82Rb and 99mTc-MIBI Westinghouse Electric Co. Schleipman, A.R., Castronovo, Jr., F. 10:15 AM BREAK Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard 10:45 AM WAM-C.4 Medical School The US EPR — Continued Improve- 11:00 AM WAM-B.9 ments from a Health Physics Perspective Factors Influencing the Radiation Doses Bonsall, R.W., Hudson, F.G., Parece, in Pediatric CT Procedures M.V. Al-Haj, A., Lobriguito, A. AREVA / Framatome-ANP King Faisal Specialist Hospital & 11:45 AM WAM-C.5 Research Centre, Saudi Arabia Potential Impact of Changes in USNRC 11:15 AM WAM-B.10 Dose Limits A Novel Dosimetry Method for Cone Hiatt, J. Beam CT: Dose Comparison between Bartlett Nuclear, Inc. Cone Beam CT and Conventional CT Noon Power Reactor Section Yoshizumi, T., Toncheva, G., Nguyen, G., Business Meeting Yoo, S., Godfrey, D., Munro, P., Yin, F.-F. Duke University, Varian Medical System, CA

23 Wednesday 11:30 AM WAM-D.6 8:10 AM-Noon Room 551 High Energy Neutron Spectral Unfolding with As, In, Tb, Ho, Ta, Ir, Au and Bi WAM-D: Accelerator Section Activation Foils Special Session Walker, L.S., Kelsey, C., Oostens, J. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Co-Chairs: Lorraine Marceau-Day and Campbellsville University Scott Walker 11:45 AM WAM-D.7 8:10 AM AWARD PRESENTATION Radiation Considerations in the Design of 8:15 AM WAM-D.1 Hall D at Thomas Jefferson National Radiation Safety at Radioactive Ion Beam Accelerator Facility Facilities Ferguson, C., May, R. Moritz, L. Jefferson National Accelerator Lab TRIUMF University of British Columbia Noon Accelerator Section Business 9:00 AM WAM-D.2 Meeting Teaching Accelerator Health Physics to 2:30-3:30 PM Room 551 Nonspecialists in the U. S. Particle Accelerator School WPM-A: Decommissioning Cossairt, J.D. Chair: Ken Krieger Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory 9:30 AM WAM-D.3 2:30 PM WPM-A.1 CHELSI: A Portable High-Energy Accelerated Decommissioning of (>20MeV) Neutron Spectrometer Underground Storage Tanks: Health and McLean, T.D., Olsher, R.H., Devine, R.T., Safety Concerns Romero, L.L., Miles, L.H., Labruyere, A., Knox, W. Grudberg, P. Advanced Systems Technology Los Alamos National Laboratory, XIA, LLC 2:45 PM WPM-A.2 9:45 AM BREAK Co-60 Source Removal from the Neely Nuclear Research Center at Georgia Tech 10:15 AM WAM-D.4 Burgett, E., Hertel, N., Blaylock, D., ANSI N43.1 Draft Standard: Radiation Grobb, L., Eby, B. Safety for the Design and Operation of Office of Radiological Safety, Georgia Particle Accelerators Tech, Neely Nuclear Research Center, Liu, J., Walker, L. Georgia Tech, Duratek Inc., MWH Inc. Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), Los Alamos National Laboratory 3:00 PM WPM-A.3 First MARSSIM Decommissioning of 11:15 AM WAM-D.5 CDC Laboratories Fission Fragment Ion Source Hazards Keith, L., Simpson, P. Baker, S.I., Moore, E.F., Pardo, R.C., Agency for Toxic Substances and Savard, G. Disease Registry (ATSDR), Centers for Argonne National Lab Disease Control

24 Wednesday 3:00 PM WPM-B1.3 3:15 PM WPM-A.4 Monte Carlo Modeling of a Medical Linear Measurements and Characterization of Accelerator for Secondary Photon and Neutron and Gamma Dose Quantities in Neutron Calculations the Vicinity of an Independent Spent Fuel Bednarz, B., Xu, X., Wang, B. Storage Installation Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Cooper Darois, E., Keefer, D., Connell, J. University Hospital Radiation Safety & Control Services Inc., 3:15 PM BREAK Maine Yankee Atomic Power Co. 3:30-5:15 PM Ballroom B 3:30 PM BREAK 4:00-4:45 PM Room 551 WPM-B2: Dosimetric Modeling Chair: Chris Martel WPM-A2: Special G. William Morgan Lecture Session 3:30 PM WPM-B2.1 Estimates of Total Skeletal Spongiosa Chair: Christopher Soares Volume for Patient-Specific Scaling of 4:00 PM WPM-A2.1 Radionuclide S-Values Quality Assurance in Personnel Hough, M.C., Brindle, J.M., Bolch, W.E. Dosimetry in Germany University of Florida Ambrosi, P. 3:45 PM WPM-B2.2 Physikalisch-Technische, Bundesanstalt, Modeling Energy Deposition in Trabecular Germany Spongiosa with PENELOPE 2:30-3:15 PM Ballroom B Gersh, J.A., Dingfelder, M., Toburen, L.H. East Carolina University WPM-B1: Medical Health 4:00 PM WPM-B2.3 Physics A Skeletal Reference Dosimetry Model for Chair: Chris Martel the Adult Female Kielar, K., Shah, A., Bolch, W. 2:30 PM WPM-B1.1 University of Florida, MD Anderson Radiocontaminants in Commercial Micro- Cancer Center sphere Products Burkett, D., Stabin, M. 4:15 PM WPM-B2.4 Vanderbilt University An Image-Based Skeletal Dosimetry Model for the Pediatric Male 2:45 PM WPM-B1.2 Hasenauer, D., Watchman, C., Shah, A., Development of a Real-time Optical Fiber Bolch, W. in vivo Dosimeter for Radiotherapy University of Florida, University of Arizona, Justus, B., Huston, A., Falkenstein, P., MD Anderson Miller, R., Ning, H., Perle, S., Ushino, T.* US Naval Research Laboratory, 4:30 PM WPM-B2.5 Washington, DC, National Cancer Use of Realistic Phantoms in Medical Institute, Global Dosimetry Solutions, Inc. Internal Dosimetry Stabin, M., Brill, A., Segars, W. Vanderbilt University, Johns Hopkins University

25 Wednesday 3:15 PM WPM-C.4 4:45 PM WPM-B2.6 So you Want to be an RSO (Radiation Preliminary Effort to include Organ Safety Officer) at an Academic/Biomedical Deformation and Motions in VIP-Man Research Facility? Model Johnston, T. Zhang, J., Xu, X., Shi, C.* New York Medical College Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Cancer 3:30 PM WPM-C.5 Therapy and Research Center, TX Why Not Just Say, “It is Safe!” 5:00 PM WPM-B2.7 Johnson, R.H. Post-implant Dosimetry Analysis of Iodine- Radiation Safety Academy 125 Permanent Seed Brachytherapy 3:45 PM BREAK Patients by Delineation of Prostate Volumes 4:15 PM WPM-C.6 Using MR Pre-implant and Post-implant Radiation Protection in Veterinary Imaging Modality Medicine Tuttle, D., Mack, C., Taylor, M., Yoshino, M. Evdokimoff, V. University of Nevada Las Vegas, Arizona Dade Moeller and Associates Oncology Associates, PC, Northwest Permanente PC, Physicians and Surgeons, 4:30 PM WPM-C.7 Southern Arizona Diagnostic Imaging Field Indicators for Effective Contamina- tion Control at Plutonium Facilities 2:30-5:15 PM Ballroom D Lee, M. Los Alamos National Laboratory WPM-C: Operational Health Physics 4:45 PM WPM-C.8 Aerosol Monitoring Using Personal Co-Chairs: Glenn M. Sturchio and Robert Impactors During Works Inside the Object Cherry Shelter 2:30 PM WPM-C.1 Aryasov, P., Nechaev, S., Tsygankov, N. A Breached Source in our High Exposure Radiation Protection Institute of Ukraine Gamma Facility, It Can’t Be! 5:00 PM WPM-C.9 Rolph, J., Murphy, M., Carter, G. Resolution of Occupational Radio Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Frequency Exposure Concerns at Woods 2:45 PM WPM-C.2 Hole Oceanographic Institution Using a Decommissioning and Decontamination Collaborative Approach of a Radiation Generating Device Reif, R. Containing High Activity Sources Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Eaton, T. 2:30-5:00 PM Room 552 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 3:00 PM WPM-C.3 Historical Videos and Movies Turning Annual Training into a Monthly 5:20 PM Ballroom B Radiation Safety Newsletter Mozzor, M., George, G., High, M. HPS Business Meeting New York Medical College Presentation followed by Business Meeting: Thanks for your Patience - Our Renovation is Finished Dodd, B. BDC Consulting, HPS President-Elect 26 Wednesday 7:30 PM WPM-D.6 6:00-8:00 PM Narragansett A (W) Status of Current Air Monitoring Evaluations, Implementations and WPM-D: ADJUNCT TECHNICAL Strategies at Los Alamos National Lab SESSION Lesses, E., Voss, T., Wannigman, D. Los Alamos National Laboratory Aerosol Measurements 7:45 PM WPM-D.7 Chair: Morgan Cox The New Radioactive Air Sampling and 6:00 PM WPM-D.1 Monitoring Textbook Current Status of ANSI N42 and IEC Group Discussion led by Cox, M., Standards for Radioactive Air Sampling Hoover, M., Maiello, M. and Monitoring Department of Homeland Security, Cox, M. National Institute for Occupational Safety Consultant, Department of Homeland and Health-Morgantown, Wyeth Security 6:15 PM WPM-D.2 Aerosol Particle Collection Efficiency Testing of the Bladewerkz Breathing Zone Monitor (BZM) and Sabre Alert at LANL Moore, M. Los Alamos National Laboratory 6:30 PM WPM-D.3 The ANSI N323C Standard and Status Johnson, M. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 6:45 PM WPM-D.4 Status of Current Air Monitoring Evaluations Using Retrospective Milti- point Radioactive Aerosol Sampling Wannigman, D., Voss, T. Los Alamos National Laboratory 7:00 PM BREAK

7:15 PM WPM-D.5 The Role of Coagulation in Aerosol Transport-Theory vs Experimental Observations Sajo, E. Louisiana State University

27 Thursday 9:45 AM THAM-A.6 7:00 - 8:00 AM Room 551 Comprehensive Laboratory Audit CEL-7 Medical Triage and Management Documentation: Essential for Regulatory of Radiation Terrorism Events Compliance and Continuous Improve- Goans, R.E.; MJW Corporation ment Quinn, B., Williamson, M., Dauer, L. 7:00 - 8:00 AM Ballroom B Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center CEL-8 Induction, Repair and Biological Consequences of Clustered DNA 10:00 AM BREAK Lesions 10:30 AM THAM-A.7 Stewart, R.; Purdue University School An Evaluation of DOECAP Audit Findings at of Health Sciences Contract Radiochemistry Laboratories: 8:30 AM-Noon Room: 551 Balancing Requirements with Quality Shannon, R. THAM-A: Regulatory/Legal Kaiser Analytical Management Services Issues 10:45 AM THAM-A.8 Co-Chairs: Louise Buker and Ed Parsons Gross Skin Response to 3.8 Micron Laser Pulses 8:30 AM THAM-A.1 Johnson, T., Wood, A. Selected Update of US NRC Division 1, 4, Colorado State University and 8 Regulatory Guides Dehmel, J., Bush-Goddard, S. 11:00 AM THAM-A.9 US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Legal Ramifications of the LNT Hypothesis 8:45 AM THAM-A.2 Scott, R. The Health Physics Society Legislation & Scott & Scott, PC Regulation Committees Report on Recent Congressional and Federal Regulatory 11:15 AM THAM-A.10 Initiatives Compatibility Issues Regarding Agree- Kirk, J.S. ment State Regulations for Portable Oak Ridge Associated Universities Devices Containing Radioactive Sources Chapel, S. 9:00 AM THAM-A.3 Chapel Consulting A New Radon Guideline for Canada Tracy, B.L., Baweja, A.S., Chen, J., Moir, 11:30 AM THAM-A.11 D., Cornett, J. Handling an Allegation of Falsification of Health Canada Records Morris, V. 9:15 AM THAM-A.4 University of Cincinnati Radiation Safety as an Integral Part of the Transportation Regulations 11:45 AM THAM-A.12 Brown, D., Woods, S. A Health Physicist Reports Known Fraud Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., TX, and Abuse: Action - Reaction Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., OK Knox, W. Advanced Systems Technology 9:30 AM THAM-A.5 Corrective Action Programs Walsh, M., Collingwood, B. W&W RECS Inc., Sharing Solutions Inc.

28 Thursday 9:30 AM THAM-B.6 8:15 AM-12:15 PM Ballroom B Spectral Radiation Pagers - a New Equipment Type for Use by Front Line THAM-B: Homeland Security Officers and First Responders and Emergency Planning Swoboda, M., Baird, K., Schrenk, M., Arlt, R., Wiggerich, B., Stein, J., Co-Chairs: Steven King and Stephen Georgiev, A., Majorov, M., Gabriel, F., Bump Wolf, A. 8:15 AM THAM-B.1 Atomic Institute of the Austrian Implications of a Terrorist Attack at a Spent Universities, Austria, International Atomic Fuel Pool Energy Agency, Austria, Consultant, Favret, D., Stabin, M., Parker, F. Airrobot GmbH, Germany, Target GmbH, Vanderbilt University Germany, US Oxford, Thermo Electron, Scientific Engineering Center Nuclear 8:30 AM THAM-B.2 Physics Research, St. Petersburg, Overview of the CDC Select Agent and Research Center Rossendorf, Germany Toxin Program Johnston, T. 9:45 AM THAM-B.7 New York Medical College Sensitivity of Portable Personnel Portal Monitors: Potential Problems When 8:45 AM THAM-B.3 Dealing with Contaminated Persons Operations Research as a Health Physics Kramer, G., Capello, K., Hauck, B., Tool in Emergency Response Brown, J. Goans, R. Health Canada, Defence R&D Canada MJW Corporation, Buffalo, NY. 10:00 AM BREAK 9:00 AM THAM-B.4 Assaying Lung Contamination After a 10:30 AM THAM-B.8 Radiological Dispersion Device Event Lessons Learned from an Emergency Hutchinson, J., Lorio, R., Wang, Z.*, Exercise that Used Real Sources Hertel, N. Kramer, G. Georgia Institute of Technology Health Canada 9:15 AM THAM-B.5 10:45 AM THAM-B.9 Development of a Laser Guided Wound Radiological Risk Assessment for a Large Probe for Pinpointing Small Fragments of Combined Sanitary/Storm Sewer System High Activity Radiation Sources in Victims and Wastewater Treatment Plant of a Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD Strom, D., Hickey, E., McConn, Jr., R., or Dirty Bomb) Alston, A. Case, J.P., Bushberg, J.T. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, University of California, Davis Medical WA, King County Wastewater Treatment Center Division, WA 11:00 AM THAM-B.10 Emergency Response and Radiation Protection Plans for a Large Combined Sanitary/Storm Sewer System and Wastewater Treatment Plant Hickey, E., Strom, D., Alston, A. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, WA, King County Wastewater Treatment Division, WA 29 Thursday 8:15 AM-12:15 PM Ballroom D 11:15 AM THAM-B.11 OSR Project Provides a Solution to the THAM-C: History Gammator Problem Chair: Ray Johnson Tompkins, J. 8:15 AM THAM-C.1 Los Alamos National Laboratory - Off-site The History of Radiation Fears Source Recovery Project Johnson, R. H. 11:30 AM THAM-B.12 Radiation Safety Academy IAEA and LANL Collaborate on a Solution 8:45 AM THAM-C.2 to Management of Vulnerable Sealed Radium, President Harding, and Marie Sources on the African Continent Curie Tompkins, J., Al-Mugrabi, M. Lubenau; J. O. Los Alamos National Laboratory - Off-site Consultant Source Recovery Project, International Atomic Energy Agency 9:15 AM THAM-C.3 The History of Radiation at the Movies 11:45 AM THAM-B.13 Krieger; K. Life Cycle of Plutonium-239 Sealed Earth Tech Sources in the United States: Origins, Inventory, and Final Disposition 9:45 AM BREAK Griffin, J. 10:00 AM THAM-C.4 Los Alamos National Laboratory Preserving the Past: An Update on 12:00 PM THAM-B.14 Historical Archival Activities The State of Florida’s Radiological Chapman, J.A., Boerner, A.J., Lucas, Emergency Preparedness and Response A.C. Program Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Lucas Lanza, J., Keaton, H. Newman Science and Technologies, Inc. Florida Department of Health 10:15 AM THAM-C.5 A Video Glimpse of HPS History Lucas, A.C., Boerner, A.J.,Chapman, J.A. Consultant, Oak Ridge Associated Universities 11:00 AM Highlights of the Past 50 Years - Recollections Panel of Charter Members

NOTE FOR CHPs The American Academy of Health Physics has approved the following meeting-related activities for Continuing Education Credits for CHPs: * Meeting attendance is granted 2 CECs per half day of atten- dance, up to 12 CECs; * AAHP 8 hour courses are granted 16 CECs each; * HPS 2 PEP courses are granted 4 CECs each; * HPS 1 hour CELs are granted 2 CECs each.

30 AAHP Courses Saturday, June 24, 2006 - 8 AM-5 PM

AAHP 1 Introduction to Practical But, don't throw out your old methods yet! Monte Carlo Simulation for Health Consider the following challenges. New Physicists users are often tempted to put too much A. Hodgdon, J. Yanch detail into their models, wasting the time to Framatome, Massachusetts Institute of build models and to run them. It's possi- Technology ble (and easy) to bias the results, getting Many Health Physicists are starting answers that look good, but are wrong. to use Monte Carlo computer codes like Finally, Monte Carlo takes a relatively MCNP for shielding and dosimetry calcu- long-term commitment to learn. lations. Monte Carlo expands upon the This course will give you a jump- capability of ray tracing codes like start. The course includes practical exam- Microshield, which approximate particle ples, fundamental steps to setting up an travel with simple straight lines. While ray analysis, several demonstrations, and an tracing works for photons, it doesn't work introduction to basic theory. You will learn for scatter, skyshine, streaming, or sec- how to keep models simple, how to vali- ondary sources. It also doesn't work for date results, and how to manage learning. neutrons. On the other hand, Monte Carlo You will get a sense of when you need MC calculates scattered dose by simulating and when you don't. This course is based actual particle travel and and then statisti- on a course taught to graduate students cally sampling detector response. This and professional nuclear and radiation makes for accurate scatter calculations, engineers. and permits the calculation of a broader range of particles, like neutrons, electrons, AAHP 2 Security Enhancement for alphas and protons, as well as secondary Radiological Facilities and Sealed neutrons and photons which dominate Sources reactor and accelerator shielding calcula- Joel P. Grimm, Garry Tittemore, Mark tions. The first thing you will notice about S. Soo Hoo modern Monte Carlo codes is their geom- US Department of Energy, Sandia etry packages. These get better every National Laboratories year. They can simulate every imaginable In November 2005, the U.S. Nuclear configuration; from a simple point source Regulatory Commission (NRC) issued to a barrel of waste to a full nuclear reac- "Orders for Increased Controls" for certain tor with individual fuel pins. radioactive materials licensees. The Monte Carlo method can calculate increased controls apply to licensees who dose, flux, heating, foil activation, fission posses radioactive materials greater than and many other quantities. Thanks to prescribed quantities of "radionulcides of modern personal computers, it can do this concern". While licensees are familiar on your desktop, even at home. MC with the radiation protection principles and codes are cheap to buy (~$1000,) and practices associated with these materials, come with graphic visualization packages the NRC Increased Controls are further and standard cross-section libraries. In mandating security measures for high-risk the last ten years, MC has jumped from radioactive materials to prevent intention- the national labs onto the laptop of every al unauthorized access to the materials. modern Health Physics student, and, Prior to the issues of the NRC orders, soon onto the desks of your next hire. such security measures may not be com- 31 monly and uniformly applied for the use, oratories. The course will include an storage, and transport of radioactive overview of proficiency testing and uncer- materials. This course will train licensees tainty analysis as applied to the HPS pro- on: 1) an awareness of the need to secure gram. Specific examples of compliant and radioactive sources; 2) the international non-compliant practices will be provided efforts under way to improve the security in an exercise. of radioactive sources; 3) common securi- The presentation element on audit- ty terminology and technology leading up ing will be general enough to apply to to a systematic methodology to improve audits in all health physics areas. A frame- the security of radioactive sources; and 4) work around which the auditor can help suggested enhancements to meet regula- customers (auditees) improve through the tory statutes. process of technical auditing will be pro- vided. Technical auditing requires an AAHP 3 HPS Lab Accreditation auditor to know what's important in an Program and Technical Auditing industry and where to help the auditee Ken Swinth, Sam Keith, Carl Gogolak, focus resources for optimization of the Tom Slowey production process. The audit philosophy Consultant, Agency for Toxic espoused during this presentation will be Substances and Disease Registry, that compliance and conformance only Consultant, K&S Associates form the bedrock from which a business The objective of this course is to pro- can improve and optimize operations. vide an overview of the HPS accreditation The participant will learn that the "why" is program, information on key quality and the most important part of the audit in technical requirements, information on helping the auditee understand the "how" technical auditing and application of audit- of improvement. Techniques will be pre- ing principles to the HPS program. The sented to assist auditors to communicate HPS laboratory accreditation program with the team, the customer, interviewees operates under quality requirements and the sponsoring organization. based on ISO/IEC 17025 and technical Attendees will gain knowledge on the requirements developed by an expert accrediation process and its evolution in group. Through the accreditation process recent years, general knowlege on audit- the HPS program ensures a higher stan- ing, how a measurement uncertainty is dard of performance than one would established and general knowledge of the expect from a laboratory or facility that international accreditation standard, simply shows compliance with the ISO ISO/IEC 17025. Technical aspects will be 9000 series of quality standards. A key specific to the HPS Laboratory element is the demonstration of compli- Accreditation Program and attendance ance with the technical requirements of will satisfy introductory training require- the program through an audit. The bene- ments for HPS program auditors. fits of accreditation for a typical calibration laboratory will be described. The course will include a description of the evolution of the program which par- allels the evolution of the general accredi- tation process. Specific quality and tech- nical requirements and their relation to ISO/IEC 17025 will be described for both instrument and source manufacturing lab-

32 Professional Enrichment Program Sunday, June 25 through Wednesday, June 28, 2006

The Professional Enrichment waiting list has been admitted. Student Program (PEP) provides a continuing edu- admission will be on a first-come, first- cation opportunity for those attending the served basis and will only begin 15 minutes Health Physics Society Annual Meeting. after the start of the session to allow for The two hours allotted each course ensure completion of ticket processing. that the subjects can be discussed in Please Note!! greater depth than is possible in the short- Please be on time for your sessions. er programs offered elsewhere in the meet- The lecturer will begin promptly at the ing. scheduled time. Please allow time for On Sunday, June 25, a series of 24 check-in. The HPS reserves the right to courses will be offered between 8:00 am - schedule a substitute speaker or cancel a 4:00 pm. session in case the scheduled speaker is In addition to the above-mentioned unavailable. sessions for Sunday, five PEP lectures are Attendees not present at the starting scheduled on Monday, Tuesday, and time of the session cannot be guaranteed a Wednesday afternoons from 12:15 - 2:15 space, as empty spaces will be filled from pm. the wait list at that time. Spaces left after Registration for each two-hour course the wait list has been admitted may be filled is $60 and is limited to 60 attendees on a with students. If your duties at the meeting first-come, first-served basis. Those whose cause you to be late for your lecture (e.g., registrations are received before the pre- chairing a session), contact the PEP registra- registration deadline will be sent confirma- tion desk so that your name can be placed tion of their PEP course registration. on the waiver list and your space held. Students with a current ID card will be admitted free of charge to any sessions which still have space available after the SUNDAY - 8:00-10:00 AM PEP 1A Internal Dosimetry - show, from a theoretical standpoint, how Harmony in Concepts and Units all of these systems are identical in con- Mike Stabin cept, and will then show, using practical Vanderbilt University examples, how each is applied to solve Internal dose calculations for nuclear different problems. For nuclear medicine, medicine applications or for protection of an overview will be given of the current radiation workers are based on the same state of the art and promise for future fundamental concepts and units. The var- improvements to provide more patient ious systems developed to provide a specificity in calculations and better ability basis for the needed calculations (e.g. to predict biological effects from calculated ICRP 30/60, MIRD, RADAR) use equa- doses. For occupational applications of tions that appear to be different, but are in internal dosimetry, an overview will be fact identical when carefully studied. A cur- given of currently applicable models and rent effort is underway to harmonize the methods for bioassay analysis and dose defining equations and units employed to assessment, showing a few practical provide quantitative analysis for these two examples. general problem areas. This program will

33 PEP 1B The Health Physicist as an ity of each of the steps in his reasoning. In Expert Witness: The Daubert sum, the Daubert procedure is fully con- Procedure sistent with the Health Physics Society’s Ralph Johnson Code of Ethics provision that Schmeltzer, Aptaker & Shepard, P.C. “Professional statements made my mem- The United States Supreme Court in bers shall have sound scientific basis.” a series of opinions beginning with its This course will provide practical guidance decision in Daubert v. Merrell Dow to the health physicist who has been Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 509 U.S. 591, 592- called to serve as an expert witness by 93 (1993), significantly increased the discussing the pertinent case law, the for- probability that lawsuits involving complex mulation of expert testimony, the neces- scientific issues, such as the typical radia- sary components of an expert witness liti- tion injury or property damage litigation, gation report, preparation for and partici- will be rationally resolved. These pation in the Daubert hearing. Actual, Supreme Court decisions require federal recent state and federal radiation injury trial judges to serve as evidentiary “gate- and property damage cases will be used keepers” by making certain that would-be to illustrate how the process works to expert testimony is reliable and relevant allow protect the integrity of the judicial before it can be presented to a jury; that is, system. the judge must determine whether the PEP 1C Calculating and Reporting expert witness in his proposed testimony Fetal Radiation Exposure employs in the courtroom the same level Andy Karam of intellectual rigor that characterizes the MJW Corporation practice of a genuine expert in the rele- When pregnant women are exposed vant field. Although making determina- to radiation, especially in a hospital set- tions of scientific validity may present a ting, the RSO is usually asked to perform judge with the difficult task of ruling on a fetal dose calculation and to provide matters that are outside of his or her advice to the women's physicians. expertise, this is “less objectionable than Unfortunately, few physicians really dumping a barrage of scientific evidence understand the effects of fetal radiation on a jury, who would likely be less exposure, making the RSO's job even equipped than the judge to make reliabili- more important. And, if the pregnancy ty and relevance determinations.” Rider v. ends badly in miscarriage or birth defects, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corp., 295 F.3d there is a tendency to blame the radiation 1194 (11th Cir. 2002). Generally, the trial exposure. For this reason, it is essential judge determines the reliability and rele- that these fetal dose calculations be per- vance of challenged expert testimony by formed in a manner that is scientifically conducting a “Daubert” hearing during and legally defensible, and that they be which the expert’s methodology in devel- reported to the physician in a manner that oping his or her testimony is thoroughly makes sense, that will help the physician scrutinized through direct and cross- make sound recommendations, and that examination. Only after the judge has will help the woman make an informed determined that the expert’s testimony is decision about her pregnancy. In this lec- based on sound scientific principles is the ture, we will review some of the standard jury allowed to hear the expert’s opinion. methodology for determining fetal radia- The procedure is expressly designed to tion dose from many medical procedures. preclude testimony that is speculative and We will also discuss the effects of varying it requires that an expert show the reliabil- 34 levels of radiation exposure on the devel- about radiation perhaps we should con- oping fetus, including the times of the sider whether we are as effective as we pregnancy during which the fetus is most could be. The challenge for teaching first vulnerable to radiation exposure. We will responders, especially, is not just about then finish by performing a few sample teaching the technology of radiation sci- calculations and discussing how this infor- ences, but how to provide a basis for mation can be presented to physicians understanding radiation such that they will and expectant mothers to help them reach not revert to an automatic stress response a sound decision. when they encounter radiation in a real incident. How can we best prepare these PEP 1D Radiation Detection Instru- people to make appropriate decisions for mentation: A View of the Past, Present protection of themselves, the public, and and Future property during a nuclear emergency? Morgan Cox While knowledge of radiation is vital, suc- Department of Homeland Security cessful handling of a nuclear incident will Consultant be more a matter of behavioral respons- This professional enrichment course es. Will our best radiation safety training consists of a series of two contiguous and provide responders with adequate tools related presentations. The first part of this and skills for coping with stress and fears course will comprise a summary of the of radiation? development of radiation detection tech- Studies in neurosciences show that nology and instrumentation in the nine- learning results from the formation of path- teenth and twentieth centuries. This ways and interconnections among nerve course will also review the status of cur- cells called neurons. Stimulation of multi- rently available radiation detectors, some ple pathways and patterns increases the of their advantages, applications and potential for optimum learning. The best needs for more research and develop- learning occurs when the brain is provided ment. The increasing needs for the uses with cognitive (thinking), affective (feeling), of digital signal processing, with faster, and psychomotor (physical) information at more intelligent and smaller instruments the same time. People learn better with greater overall capability will be dis- through creative acts that include thought, cussed. Some currently available instru- feeling, and physical action. Memory is ments will be demonstrated and dis- enhanced when new information is relat- cussed in some detail. This will be an ed to relevant mental, emotional, and interactive session with required audience physical experience. participation. Effective radiation safety training with PEP 1E Brain-Based Learning – Part the brain in mind will consider: A, New Approaches for Effective 1) How to use mind-mapping to Radiation Safety Training enhance note-taking and recall Ray Johnson 2) How the brain learns (left / right Radiation Safety Academy brain and stages of learning) Studies in brain-based or brain-com- 3) How to get students ready to learn patible learning over the past ten years (rhythms, cycles, and breaks) have shown that the traditional “stand- 4) How to enrich the learning envi- and-deliver” approach to teaching may ronment (colors, peripherals, light, plants) not be the best model for optimum learn- 5) How to get the brain’s attention ing. As we seek to train radiation workers, (what is important, downtime, novelty) first responders, and security personnel 35 PEP 1F Critical Decisions and Tools PEP 1G EH&S “Boot Camp” for for First-Time and Experienced University and Hospital Radiation Managers (or How I Learned to Love Safety Professionals: Basics of Fire the Org Chart) and Life Safety and Risk Management Jim Hylko and Insurance WESKEM, LLC Bob Emery Following graduation from a health University of Texas physics program or related technical field, It is currently quite rare for organiza- an individual's training and career devel- tions to maintain stand-alone radiation opment activities typically focus on acquir- safety programs. Resource constraints ing additional work experience and and workplace complexities have served enhancing technical problem-solving as a catalyst for the creation of compre- skills. However, as health physicists hensive environmental health & safety advance throughout their careers, mana- (EH&S) programs, which include among gerial duties such as supervising employ- other health and safety aspects, radiation ees and overseeing projects result either safety programs. Unfortunately, many of through professional advancement or these consolations were not accompanied staffing changes within a company. by formal staff training efforts to instill an Therefore, as health physicists gain addi- understanding of the areas now aligned tional experience and years in the profes- with the radiation safety function. This is sion, they may be required to accept and unfortunate because, with a basic under- adapt to the role of a manager. This new standing of the other safety programs, the role typically requires supervising, guiding radiation safety staff can provide improved and influencing the direction of a depart- customer service and address many sim- ment and its employees. Having worked ple issues before they become major for a variety of managers throughout his problems. This unique Professional career and now supervising an Enrichment Program (PEP) series is Environmental, Safety and Health (ES&H) designed to address this shortcoming by Department across four separate projects, providing an overview of a number of key the instructor presents first-hand experi- aspects of EH&S programs, from the per- ences related to the successes and pitfalls spective of practicing radiation safety pro- while serving as a department manager. fessionals who now are involved in a Discussion topics and real-life examples broader set of health and safety issues. will cover defining roles and responsibili- The PEP series will consist of three 2 hour ties, motivation, communication, reasons segments: for effective leadership, supporting * Part 1 will address the “Basics of employees during a crisis, as well as allo- Fire & Life Safety and Risk Management cating resources and budgets. In addi- & Insurance. Included in the fire & life tion, enhancing your own department's safety segment will be a discussion of the productivity can be achieved with support basic elements of the life safety code and from other internal organizations (e.g., the fire detection and suppression sys- quality assurance and human resources). tems. The requirements for means of Both aspiring and experienced managers egress will be discussed. The risk man- will acquire useful information that can be agement & insurance portion will address applied immediately in their current work the risks if retrained risks (those which are location. not covered by insurance) and transferred risks (those covered by a financial vehi- cle). 36 Each PEP segment is designed so tation program, and is also part 1 of a 2- that participants can take any session indi- part course for certifying individuals to vidually, although the maximum educa- audit laboratories for HPS accreditation. tional benefit will be derived from the par- Sunday - 10:30 AM - 12:30 PM ticipation in all three sessions. The partic- ular topics included in the PEP series PEP 2A Fundamentals of Neutron have been consistently identified as Detection and Detection Systems extraordinarily useful to participants in the Jeff Chapman highly successful week-long “University of Oak Ridge Associated Universities Texas EH&S Academy”. Ample time will In 1932, James Chadwick published be allotted for questions answers and dis- a seminal paper in the Proc. Roy. Society cussion, and each segment will be sup- titled “The Existence of a Neutron.” 73 plemented with key reference information. years later we rely on a number of detec- PEP 1H Technical Auditing for tion processes to provide neutron dosime- Health Physicists try for personnel, to confirm operational Sam Keith, Scott Schwahn and Ken shielding design requirements, and to Swinth measure special nuclear materials (SNM). US Department of Homeland Security/ This PEP session will focus on the funda- Environmental Measurements Lab- mentals of neutron detection and an oratory overview of devices used to detect SNM. The objective of this professional The following topics will be covered: fast enrichment program topic is to provide a neutron detectors; thermal neutron detec- framework around which the participant tors; neutron moderation and absorption; can help customers (auditees) improve passive neutron counting with SNAP through the process of technical auditing. detectors; passive neutron coincidence Technical auditing requires an auditor to and multiplicity counting; active neutron know what’s important in an industry and interrogation; and portal monitors. where to help the auditee focus resources PEP 2B Changes in Natural Back- for optimization of the production process. ground Radiation Levels over the The audit philosophy espoused during History of Life this training will be that compliance and Andy Karam conformance only form the bedrock from MJW Corporation which a business can improve and opti- All life on earth is exposed to back- mize operations. The participant will learn ground radiation levels, and we all sus- that the “why” is the most important part of pect that this radiation background used the audit in helping the auditee under- to be higher than it is. In fact, the earliest stand the “how” of improvement. The life was exposed to significantly higher audit process is presented around the radiation levels than we experience at Plan-Do-Study-Act model. Techniques present, and all sources of background will be presented to assist auditors in com- radiation (cosmic, geological, and biologi- municating with the team, the customer, cal potassium) have all changed in supris- interviewees and the sponsoring organi- ing ways over the history of life. On the zation. The presentation is general other hand, atmospheric oxygen levels enough to apply to audits in all health were so low taht this radiation was less physics areas. damaging to DNA than one might expect. This course provides information to What is fascinating is to explore how fac- individuals interested in the HPS accredi- tors such as solar evolution, changing 37 atmospheric chemistry, geochemistry, and standards will be discussed along with other factors have affected the radiation some of the major contributors to these levels to which life has been exposed, and efforts. Several particular standards of to speculate how these effects might be particular interest will be discussed. Again seen in organisms today. In this lecture, audience participation will be required and we will discuss all of these factors, and expected for the success of this course. more. PEP 2E Brain-Based Learning – Part PEP 2C Gamma Spec B, New Approaches for Effective Doug Van Cleef, Dan Upp, and Craig Radiation Safety Training Maddigan Ray Johnson ORTEC/Advanced Measurement Tech- Radiation Safety Academy nology, Inc The brain is programmed for survival This course offers a fast-paced and under stress it reverts to fight or flight. review of the basic principles of gamma Thus, our emotions play a key role in what spectroscopic analysis. The course we remember. Our middle brain acts as a includes a review of the nature and origins switchboard that filters or transmits infor- of gamma-emitting radioactivity, basic mation to our thinking brain. Information physics of gamma interaction with matter, with a positive appeal is transmitted for consequences of gamma interactions on thinking and processing. Negative emo- gamma spectra, gamma spectroscopy tions, such as fear, anxiety, or stress, may system components and calibrations, result in suppression of information, which gamma spectroscopy analysis methods, never gets to the thinking brain. If the anx- and interpretation of gamma spec- iety is high enough the thinking brain goes troscopy data. blank. The standard “institutionalized” training that we have all experienced may PEP 2D Radiation Detection Instru- actually inhibit or diminish learning. mentation 2) A Review of Current Learning is enhanced by a variety of Relevant Standards approaches that stimulates all of the sens- Morgan Cox es as well as thinking and feeling. Department of Homeland Security Learning is also related to the relevance of Consultant the information or experience to the indi- This professional enrichment course vidual. consists of a series of two contiguous and Radiation safety training may be related presentations. The second pres- made more effective by multiple modes of entation will cover the American National instruction and reducing stress. One way Standards Institute (ANSI) and to reduce stress is to make learning fun. International Electrotechnical Entertainment is a key factor. This does Commission (IEC) standards in effect, not always have to involve humor. It can being developed and in the planning include dramatization, surprise, and chal- stage for the various types of radiation lenges to curiosity, perceptions, and detection instruments. The ANSI N42 radi- understanding. Effective instruction gets ation detection instruments designed for the students actively involved in the learn- health physics applications, ANSI N42RPI ing process. This requires not only an (Radiation Protection Instrumentation), appeal to their intellect, but also an appeal and ANSI N42HSI (Homeland Security to their senses. The most effective mode Instrumentation) for homeland security of instruction is often “show-and-tell.” applications will be reviewed in some detail. The subject of applicable current 38 Effective radiation safety training with presented, along with the various strate- the brain in mind will consider: gies employed to improve security con- 1) How threats and stress affect trols. learning (fight or flight, how to reduce PEP 2H HPS Laboratory Accred-ita- stress) tion Program Assessor Training 2) How to enhance learning by moti- Ken Swinth vation and rewards (alternatives) US Department of Homeland Security/ 3) How emotions affect learning Environmental Measurements Lab- (control by middle brain, engaging the oratory emotions) The objective of this professional 4) How the mind and body are linked enrichment program topic is to familiarize for learning (how to get energized) HPS Laboratory Accreditation Program 5) How the brain derives meaning technical assessors and others with the (relevance, emotion, patterning) requirements of the assessment program. 6) How to enhance memory and The training will describe the program recall (associations, aids to memory) documentation, incorporated elements of PEP 2F Particle Size and Pulmonary ISO/IEC 17025, the accreditation process, Hazard and will specifically address technical Herman Cember requirements for instrument calibration Particle size is the single most and source manufacturing laboratories. important factor that influences the inhala- The training is required for all members of tion hazard from any given aerosol. This the HPS Laboratory Accreditation PEP course will deal with particle size dis- Assessment Committee and is recom- tributions, transport of airborne particles, mended for facilities interested in accredi- the structure and function of the respirato- tation. The HPS program is similar to ry system, pulmonary deposition and other ISO/IEC 17025 based accreditation clearance of inhaled particles, and the programs and the training will be useful for mean lung dose based on the three com- anyone interested in the accreditation partment lung model on which the current process. The program will also provide an 10 CFR 20 inhalation safety standards are opportunity for the student to practice based. identification of non-compliant items. This course provides information to PEP 2G EH&S “Boot Camp” for individuals interested in the HPS accredi- University and Hospital Radiation tation program, and is also part 2 of a 2- Safety Professionals part course for certifying individuals to Bob Emery audit laboratories for HPS accreditation University of Texas See overview in PEP 1G Sunday - 2:00 - 4:00 PM * Part 2 will examine the “Basics of Biological & Chemical Safety and PEP 3A The Role of Health Physic- Institutional Security”. During the session, ists in Various Types of Radiation the classification of infectious agents and Litigation the various assigned biosafety levels will Lynn McKay be discussed. Various aspects of chemi- Schmeltzer, Aptaker & Shepard, P.C. cal exposures, exposure limits, monitoring This course examines the roles that and control strategies will be presented. health physicists and radiation protection The basics of security as they apply to professionals play in ensuring compliance hospital and university settings will also be with laws, regulations and other profes- 39 sional standards that apply to work involv- information ensures that most practicing ing radiation and radioactive materials. health physicists and other safety profes- Some of these roles include designing sionals will eventually confront distressed and implementing field studies, perform- workers or members of the public in ing dose or risk assessments, preparing urgent need of credible, factual informa- recommendations regarding site use and tion on NIR radiation hazards and control remediation, analyzing dosimetric data, measures. formulating and implementing sound This course provides a fundamental health physics work practices, designing overview of NIR hazards and biological and implementing personal monitoring effects. Course attendees will learn the procedures, and interpreting the positions basic terminology and nomenclature, of various scientific bodies. spectral region designations, regulatory Using examples from radiation framework, and consensus guidance cases, this course identifies the relevant associated with NIR. The course material professional, scientific, and legal stan- will begin at the edge of “ionizing” part of dards applicable to tasks performed by the electromagnetic spectrum and walk health physicists and radiation protection participants through a tour of the optical, professionals, and invites class partici- radiofrequency (including microwave), pants to examine that work in the context and extremely low frequency (ELF) por- of the technical, regulatory, and legal tions of the EM range, finally ending with requirements that apply in each situation. static electric and magnetic fields. The Laws and regulations, and legal actions to existence of a series of exposure limits enforce them, impact many aspects of our covering the entire NIR spectrum forms daily lives, particularly at work. The one of the course’s basic themes. This course reviews common challenges and continuous line of consensus “safe” expo- unique problems associated with conduct- sure levels helps establish the concept ing relatively routine professional tasks in that NIR dose response curves are at a litigation setting. To aid understanding of least well-enough understood at all parts performing health physics jobs in a litiga- of the spectrum to provide a reasonably tion setting, the course includes an expla- safe exposure envelop within which we nation of the types of claims that are typi- can operate. After completing this course, cally made in litigation involving injuries attendees will be conversant in the major associated with radioactive materials, and sources and associated hazards in each the requisite proof for those claims. part of the NIR spectrum, along with the recognized exposure limits and control PEP 3B Non-ionizing Radiation: An measures for those sources. Armed with Overview of Biological Effects and this information, safety professionals can Exposure Limits better recognize, evaluate, and communi- Ben Edwards cate the hazards associated with the Duke University spectrum of significant NIR sources, and Non-ionizing radiation (NIR) often address workers’ concerns in a credible, presents a “final frontier” of the unknown fact-based, knowledgeable, and profes- for the practicing health physicist. This sional manner. paucity of familiarity mirrors the general public’s almost complete lack of under- standing of this subject. However, the “fear of the unknown” phenomenon cou- pled with a plethora of sensationalist mis-

40 PEP 3C Alpha Spec PEP 3E Infrastructure Issues for Doug Van Cleef, Dan Upp, and Craig Planning Response and Recovery Maddigan from a Radiological Attack ORTEC/Advanced Measurement Tech- Dan Strom, Eva Hickey nology, Inc Pacific Northwest National Laboratory This course offers a fast-paced The May 2003 TOPOFF 2 exercise review of the basic principles of alpha was held in Seattle. Based on issues spectroscopic analysis. The course raised during that exercise, Pacific includes a review of the nature and origins Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) of alpha-particle emitting radioactivity, and the King County Wastewater basic physics of alpha particle interaction Treatment Division (which treats Seattle's with matter, considerations and conse- wastewater) performed radiological risk quences of sample preparation for alpha and radiological instrumentation assess- spectroscopy, alpha spectroscopy system ments, developed emergency response components and calibrations, and a and recovery plans as well as communi- primer on interpretation of alpha spec- cation plans for the aftermath of a radio- troscopy data.. logical attack. Large portions of the King County system receive both sanitary PEP 3D Power Lines and Politics sewage and storm water, and one plant Tom Johnson treats between 380 and 1,200 million L Colorado State University (100 to 320 Mgal) of wastewater per day, Most radiation safety professionals depending on precipitation. We describe are aware of the large scientific effort to the radiological risks anticipated following investigate the potential for cancer from radiological dispersion events (RDEs) by electric power lines, microwave ovens, devices employing explosive and non- and most recently, cell phones. Key sci- explosive means, and dispersals not entific papers from the IEEE, National involving any kind of device. Risks to Academy of Sciences and NIH were inef- workers and members of the public are fective in changing the opinion of many on evaluated for direct irradiation, as well as the effects of electric and magnetic fields. from intakes and ontakes of radioactive The genesis of this greater than $25 billion material. The plant under study produces effort will be discussed in detail, along with four significant waste streams: screen- ancillary investigations that were initiated ings, grit, biosolids, and treated water. for non-scientific reasons. Some of the Prior arrangements for radioactive waste popular literature that initiated this investi- management are critical for a wastewater gation will be discussed as well as its influ- treatment plant. Since no bounding ence on the science. Included will be a assumptions on the physical and chemi- basic review of the physics and plausibili- cal form of dispersed radioactive material ty of biological effect along with some sim- can be made, a variety of forms were con- plified calculations of the energy associat- sidered. One form, pellets of 60Co, can ed with non-ionizing radiation. Some of result in dangerously high dose rates from the tantalizing observations of actual the grit waste stream. Using MCNP, effects of nanosecond pulsed on cells and PNNL designed and evaluated real-time the basis of these effects will be explored. radiation detectors capable of detecting concentrations of interest and distinguish- ing medical radionuclides from those like- ly to be dispersed by an adversary. One rule-of-thumb emerged: 1 MBq/L of dis- 41 solved 60Co produces a dose rate to PEP 3F Characterization of Radio- water (immersion dose) of ~1 mSv/h (1 active Materials for Transportation mCi/gal produces ~1 rem/h). This kind of Sean Austin bounding calculation permits rapid esti- Radiation Safety Academy mation of dose rates in the plant. We When shipping radioactive materials, it is show that instrumentation can have value vital that the shipper choose the correct for both interdiction of attack as well as "category". Does the material qualify for a recovery from attack. We describe the Type A package, or is a Type B required? interim emergency response and radia- May I ship the material in an excepted tion protection plans. A radiation protec- package as a limited quantity or a radioac- tion and ALARA program was developed tive instrument or article? Does my mate- to keep doses to wastewater treatment rial qualify as LSA-I, or LSA-II, or LSA-III? workers as low as is reasonably achiev- What are the contamination limits for able and to minimize contamination of the SCO-I and SCO-II? In turn, choosing the wastewater infrastructure and wastewater proper category drives the selection of treatment facilities. The program includes packaging, marking, and labeling the the special training needs for wastewater package, along with deciding if shipping workers involved with managing the influ- papers are required. There are many ent wastewater from a radiological disper- tables a shipper uses to help choose the sion event. Special concerns are raised proper category. For some categories, because the workers are not trained as calculations are required to determine if radiological workers and have little or no the material to be shipped fits within the understanding of radiological risks. There packaging limits imposed. A sound under- remains much work to do. Action levels for standing of the steps required to charac- decisions to bypass and to resume treat- terize a radioactive item is necessary to ment of radioactively contaminated waste- choosing the proper category. water need to be developed. The techni- cal basis for such action levels must be PEP 3G EH&S “Boot Camp” for documented. A transport and fate model University and Hospital Radiation should be developed for water and waste- Safety Professionals water treatment facilities. Planning is Bob Emery needed for rapidly determining where University of Texas contaminated sewage originated, with the See overview in PEP 1G goal of limiting further intakes by members * Part 3 will focus on “Measuring and of the public and limiting property damage Displaying Radiation Protection Program from contamination. Methods for rapid Metrics That Matter (to Management)”. detection and localization of unexpected Radiation protection programs typically contamination should be developed. Such accumulate data and documentation so capabilities could preemptively detect that regulatory officials can assess compli- some radiological attacks. Finally, a radia- ance with established regulations. The tion risk communication program has implicit logic with this activity is that com- been developed. pliance equates to an acceptable level of *Pacific Northwest National safety. But in this era of constricted Laboratory is operated for the U.S. resources, mere regulatory compliance is Department of Energy by Battelle under no longer sufficient to justify necessary Contract DE-AC05-76RLO 1830. PNNL- programmatic resources. Radiation pro- SA-48292. tection programs are now expected to readily demonstrate how they add tangi-

42 ble value to the core missions of an organ- General Terms in Metrology (VIM; 1993): ization. The demonstration of this value is “…the property of the result of a expected to be in the form of some sort of measurement or the value of a standard performance metrics, but this is an area in whereby it can be related to stated refer- which many radiation safety professionals ences, usually national or international have not been trained. The issue is further standards, through an unbroken chain of compounded by the need to display the comparisons, all having stated uncertain- metric information in manners that are but ties.” succinct and compelling, yet another area Because of the importance of uncer- where formal training is often lacking. This tainty calculations in Laboratory session will first describe a variety of pos- Accreditation this course will concentrate sible radiation protection program per- on the corresponding technical issues formance measures and metrics, and involving laboratory quality assurance, the then will focus on the display of the infor- estimation of uncertainty, and limits of mation in ways that clearly convey the detection. Internationally recognized stan- intended message. Actual before and dards from ISO GUM and their NIST after data display “make-overs” will be counterparts will be explained using presented, and ample time will be provid- examples. Software developed for imple- ed for questions, answers, and discus- menting these standards will be demon- sion. strated. PEP 3H Introduction to Uncertainty Monday, 6/26 - 12:15 - 2:15 PM Calculation Carl Gogolak, Sam Keith PEP M1 Advanced MARSSIM Topics US Department of Homeland Security/ Eric Albequist Environmental Measurements Lab- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and oratory Education An important element in the activities Since its publication more than 7 of health physicists who are responsible years ago, the MultiAgency Radiation for the safety of personnel and the gener- Survey and Site Investigation Manual al public is the measurement of radiation (MARSSIM) approach has been used at a from various sources, including reactors, number of D&D sites for designing final radiation-generating machines and status surveys in support of decommis- radioactive sources used in industry and sioning. While a number of these in the medical diagnosis and treatment of MARSSIM applications have been rela- patients. To be meaningful, these meas- tively straightforward, some have chal- urements must be made using instru- lenged the MARSSIM user to seek solu- ments and sources that are not only trace- tions beyond the simple examples illus- able to a national standards laboratory trated in the MARSSIM manual. This (e.g., NIST) but also must be performed course will describe the nature of some by competent personnel using appropri- practical final status survey examples and ate technical standards and procedures will offer possible solutions within the designed to ensure the calibration results MARSSIM framework. meet required uncertainty. The final status survey design dis- The definition of traceability that has cussion in this course will include exam- achieved global acceptance in the metrol- ples of how multiple radionuclide contam- ogy community is containedin the inants are handled for both building sur- International Vocabulary of Basic and faces and land areas. The strategies for

43 designing surveys when multiple radionu- As a result, countries around the clides are present employ the use of sur- world are deploying radiation detection rogate radionuclides, determination of instrumentation to interdict the illegal ship- gross activity DCGLs, and application of ment of radioactive material crossing the unity rule. One of the more challeng- international borders. These efforts ing aspects of MARSSIM survey design include deployments at land, rail, air, and arises when multiple radionuclides are sea ports of entry in the US and in present in Class 1 survey units. In this sit- European and Asian countries. uation, the MARSSIM user must assess Radioactive signatures of concern include both the instrument scan MDC and radiation dispersal devices (RDD), DCGLEMC for the multiple radionuclides nuclear warheads, and special nuclear present. Final status survey strategies for material (SNM). Radiation portal monitors determining the need for additional soil (RPMs) are used as the main screening samples in Class 1 survey units when tool for vehicles and cargo at borders, multiple radionuclides are present will be supplemented by handheld detectors, discussed. personal radiation detectors, and x-ray Additional topics in this course will imaging systems. include 1) double sampling—collecting Some cargo contains naturally additional samples from the survey unit occurring radioactive material (NORM) after the survey unit fails to pass the statis- that triggers "nuisance" alarms in RPMs at tical test, and 2) survey strategies for these border crossings. Individuals treat- alpha and beta contamination on building ed with medical radiopharmaceuticals surfaces. The COMPASS code also produce nuisance alarms as well as (MARSSIM software) will be used to illus- legitimate shipments of industrial radioac- trate the survey designs for these exam- tive sources. The operational impact of ples. handling these nuisance alarms can be significant. Methods have been devel- PEP M2 Radiation Detection for oped and are continually being improved Homeland Security, including to reducing this impact without affecting Detectors and Algorithms and Such the requirements for interdiction of James Ely radioactive materials of interest. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory This presentation will discuss some In the past twenty years or so, there of the programs associated with the have been significant changes in the strat- detection and interdiction of illegal move- egy and applications for security. With the ment of radioactive material. The role of fall of the former Soviet Union and the the relatively new Department of tragic events of 9/11, significant efforts Homeland Security with the different proj- have been aimed at deterring and inter- ects and programs will be presented. dicting terrorists and associated organiza- Experience with RPMs for interdiction of tions. This is a shift in the normal para- radioactive materials at borders will be digm of deterrence and surveillance of a discussed including nuisance alarms and nation and the 'conventional' methods of the methods to alleviate their impact. warfare to the 'unconventional' means that Finally, an overview of some current and terrorist organizations resort to. With that future plans in this area will be discussed. shift comes the responsibility to monitor international borders for weapons of mass destruction, including radiological weapons.

44 PEP M3 Developments in Radiation beads is strictly controlled by an approved Litigation procedure. Various techniques are used Doug Poland to ensure a quality (no red bead) product. LaFollette Godfrey & Kahn There are quality control inspectors, feed- 2005 was a very active year for law- back to the workers, merit pay for superi- suits in which radiation exposure was or performance, performance appraisals, claimed to have injured people or dam- procedure compliance, posters and quali- aged property. Among the notable trials ty programs. The foreman, quality control, that occurred within the past year were and the workers all put forth their best those involving releases of radioactive efforts to produce a quality product. The materials from former facilities at Hanford experiment allows the demonstration of and Rocky Flats. This class will discuss the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of those trials and developments in other the various methods. Some humor is also cases and judicial opinions from the past included along the way. Describing the year involving allegations of physical Red Bead Experiment has all the dangers injury or property damage caused by radi- of writing a good movie review. One does ation exposure or environmental releases. not want to give out the complete plot line The issues and judicial opinions that will in the description. Suffice it to say that at be covered include the structure of the the end of the experiment, a Statistical court systems in which radiation-related Process Control chart is utilized to exam- legal claims typically are brought; the ine the results of the experiment. What is types of legal claims that are most often discovered is that several of the actions alleged and what is required to prove taken (which are commonly seen every those claims; legal standards for deter- day in the workplace) were detrimental to mining whether any particular exposure the employees and the workplace, and was the cause of a particular injury; differ- had no improving effect on the process. ences in the standards of conduct that The concluding comments point out the apply to contractors and licensees under hazards of misuse of performance data, state and federal law (through the Price- and how to properly use performance Anderson Act); and exposure-based data in a quality environment in order to claims such as medical monitoring and achieve continual improvement. At emotional distress. Department of Energy presentations, the Red Bead experience is reviewed in the PEP M4 Red Bead Experiment context of the Guiding Principles and Core Steve Prevette Functions of the Integrated Environment, Fluor Hanford Inc. Safety and Health Management System The "Red Bead Experiment" was an (ISMS). interactive teaching tool that Dr. Deming made use of in his four-day seminars. In PEP M5 Skin Dosimetry and Varskin the experiment, a corporation is formed 3 from "willing workers", quality control per- James Durham sonnel, a data recorder, and a foreman. Center for Nuclear Waste Regulatory The corporation's product is white beads, Analyses, Southwest Research which are produced by dipping a paddle Institute into a supply of beads. The paddle has 50 The skin is the primary target organ holes in it, and each hole will hold one during personnel contamination events. bead. Unfortunately, there are not only In August 2004, an upgraded computer white beads in the bead supply, but some code for modeling the dose to skin from defective red beads. The production of the skin contamination was released. Varskin 45 3 Version 2.2 was written for the US PEP T2 Shielding Design for PET Nuclear Regulatory Commission in FOR- and PET/CT Clinics TRAN and Visual Basic. Several errors Robert Metzger were discovered in Version 2.2 that have Radiation Safety Engineering since been corrected in Version 3.0. The The number of Positron Emission Windows-based code models both infi- Tomography (PET) centers has been nitely-thin and particulate sources either growing rapidly. Many of the new facilities directly on the skin or on a cover material have been retrofitted into existing imaging such as protective clothing. Adding centers and hospitals. Space in the facili- radionuclides to the Varskin 3 library has ties is often cramped, resulting in the hot been greatly simplified, and data entry is lab, patient quiet rooms, and the scanners accomplished on a single screen. This frequently being placed in close proximity presentation will discuss the biological to uncontrolled areas where non-occupa- effects of radiation on skin at both high tional dose limits apply. Shielding design and low doses and will provide a demon- is difficult due to the mobile nature of the stration of Varskin 3 with hands-on exam- source (dosed patient). ples. Attendees will receive an instruction- In this PEP, the function and typical al version of Varskin 3 Version 3.0 and layouts for PET or PET/CT clinics will be electronic copies of the Users Manual and discussed and the shielding design QA documentation. issues associated with these layouts will Tuesday, 6/27 - 12:15 - 2:15 PM be reviewed. The AAPM guide for shield- ing design of PET clinics will be reviewed PEP T1 Public Health Response to a in detail and examples of typical shielding Nuclear/ Radiological Emergency calculations will be presented using both Armin Ansari point kernel and Monte Carlo methods. Centers for Disease Control and Finally, advanced MCNP and Mercurad Prevention shielding design methods for layered floor An overview of public health issues and ceiling shielding will be shown. and challenges involved in responding to a major nuclear/radiological incident is PEP T3 The Scientific Basis of Dose presented. Lessons learned from previ- Reconstruction ous radiation incidents, the National Dick Toohey Response Plan, and CDC’s roles and Oak Ridge Associated Universities responsibilities in a nuclear/radiological This presentation will begin with a incident are described. Other specific top- 30-minute overview and update of the ics of discussion include: population mon- NIOSH dose reconstruction project for itoring issues and challenges; use of hos- claims under the Energy Employees pital medical equipment to support popu- Occupational Illness Compensation lation monitoring activities in the immedi- Program Act (EEOICPA). The remainder ate phase of the response; the radiation of the presentation will identify the scientif- pharmaceuticals in the Strategic National ic issues involved in dose reconstruction, Stockpile (SNS) and other drugs com- and how they have been addressed for monly referred to as “anti-radiation” drugs, EEOICPA claims. One hundred and an overview of their potential benefits and eighty seven issues were identified by a limitations; and the roles of health physi- comprehensive review of the literature, cists and medical physicists in public other dose reconstruction programs, health response to such emergencies. NIOSH project documents, worker input, internal audits, Advisory Board comments, and findings of the Advisory Board’s inde- 46 pendent oversight contractor. Issues years of producing nuclear weapons could be divided into three broad cate- Hanford, which covers 580 square miles gories: data issues, dosimetry issues, and in southeastern Washington state, is now compensation issues, which account for focused on three outcomes: 12%, 74%, and 14% of the total, respec- 1. Restoring the Columbia River corridor tively. Not surprisingly, half of the dosime- for multiple uses. try issues were related to internal dose 2. Transitioning the central plateau to sup- estimates. port long-term waste management. Almost all issues had been ade- 3. Putting DOE assets to work for the quately addressed in project documents future. or the open literature, but a few required The integration of data, leadership, further development, including the use of and teamwork pays off with more efficient classified data in dose reconstructions cleanup, better safety performance and that are public documents, the determina- higher credibility with the customer. tion of “completeness” of monitoring Specific management theories covering records, and the establishing the appropri- Systems Thinking from Deming, Senge, ate balance of scientific detail and timeli- and Ackoff have been applied to Fluor ness in claim processing. Hanford's operations. The U.S. OSHA Finally, the unique needs of dose Voluntary Protection Program has been reconstruction for a compensation pro- an effective method to focus management gram will be identified and discussed, in leadership and employee involvement in contrast to dose reconstruction for litiga- the D&D effort. The use of Statistical tion, epidemiology studies, accident man- Process Control, Pareto Charts, and agement, and dose of record. Systems Thinking and their effect on man- agement decisions and employee involve- PEP T4 Leading with Leading Indi- ment are discussed. Included are practi- cators cal examples of choosing leading indica- Steve Prevette tors and how they apply to risk reduction. Fluor Hanford Inc. A new, statistically based color-coded This paper documents Fluor dashboard presentation system method- Hanford's application of Leading ology is provided. This new dashboard Indicators, management leadership, and methodology provides strong benefits statistical methodology in planning and over traditional "rainbow" charts while decision making. These methods have maintaining the direct and simple mes- improved safe performance of D&D work sage of red, yellow, and green color at the Hanford site. These safety codes. These tools, management theo- improvements were achieved during a ries and methods, coupled with involved period of transition to D&D. leadership and employee efforts, directly Leadership, Leading Indicators, sta- led to significant improvements in worker tistical methodology, and worker-supervi- safety and health, and environmental pro- sor teaming are playing a key role in safe- tection and restoration at one of the ty and quality at what has been called the nation's largest nuclear cleanup sites. world's largest environmental cleanup project. The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Hanford Site played a pivotal role in the nation's defense beginning in the 1940s when it was established as part of the Manhattan Project. After more than 50

47 PEP T5 Uncertainty Assessment in Wednesday, 6/28 - 12:15 - 2:15 PM Atmospheric Dispersion Compu- tations PEP W1 ALARA for Radioactive Erno Sajo Effluents: Regulatory History and Louisiana State University Application for Next Generation Power Atmospheric dispersion models Reactor Licensing based on elementary statistical theory J. Stewart Bland (such as the Gaussian plume model) Chesapeake Nuclear Services, Inc. compute time-averaged concentrations at The Federal Regulations governing fixed points downwind. It is well-known the implementation of ALARA for radioac- that the model predictions entail uncer- tive effluents for nuclear power reactors tainties. Most often, this is expressed in are contained in Title 10 of the Code of terms of factor of validity, but it may also Federal Regulations, Chapter 50, be shown as a spatial uncertainty interval Appendix I. The ALARA concept for about the location of the computed mean. radioactive effluents was originally prom- Most of the computer models, however, ulgated in December 3, 1970, with the including all widely used NRC and EPA final rule issued May 5, 1975. These reg- regulatory models, do not incorporate any ulations not only address allowable type of uncertainty handling, and in most releases of radioactive effluents during cases they do not warn the user of the operations but also specify radwaste sys- fluctuations in the predicted values of tem design requirements. It has been 30 dose or local concentration. In 40 CFR 51 years since the rule was promulgated and EPA recognizes the importance of esti- 20 years since NRC last implemented mating the prediction uncertainties, and it these regulations for the initial licensing of makes it the modeler's responsibility to a nuclear power plant. Since that time, advise the decision maker of this fact, and there have been two (2) major changes in to provide an assessment of these uncer- dosimetric modeling (ICRP-30 and ICRP- tainties, both in space and in magnitude, 68) as well as improvements in environ- and their impact on the evaluation of haz- mental modeling and radwaste process- ard zones. Because EPA does not give ing capabilities. This course will provide a guidance on specific methods of imple- brief overview of regulatory requirements, mentation, and because most regulatory, a historical perspective on the develop- emergency, and release reconstruction ment of the 10CFR50, Appendix I rule and models do not sanction any uncertainty a perspective of what it may mean for the handling, it is a serious challenge to meet licensing of the next generation nuclear the spirit of the regulations. This lecture power plants. will give an overview of the fundamentals PEP W2 Detection, Measurement, in uncertainty estimation both in magni- and Decision tude and in spatial location of the predict- Joe Alvarez ed mean concentration. Application of a computer code that addresses some of Auxier & Associates the uncertainties will be shown. Practical Making a decision requires asking a methods will be given to assess the question then collecting enough data to uncertainties even when the computer support the decision. Measurement (col- model does not provide this information lecting enough data) is a quantitative explicitly. process while detection is generally con- sidered qualitative. Clear decisions require quantitative data beyond the

48 region of Type I and Type II errors. While upgrades, and adminstrave procedures detection may be described as optimizing will be discussed. the region of error, quantitative measure- PEP W4 RDD/IND Awareness Training ment is data with the smallest amount of for First Responders error. Decision is not as fundamental as Ken Groves either detection or measurement, but DOE-National Nuclear Security Admin- includes value-based weighting of data. istration Decision, therefore, requires prior investi- This class will familiarize the health gation of outcomes considering the cost physicist with issues that are discussed and consequences of wrong decisions. with First Responders (fire fighters, EMTs, For this reason decision theory incorpo- HAZMAT and Law Enforcement person- rates Bayesian probability theory. nel) who need a basic concept of how to Most control and monitoring systems effectively respond to a Radiological in radiological safety and site survey Dispersal Device (RDD) or an Improvised expect non-detects or measurements Nuclear Device (IND) incident. This train- below the control or decision threshold. ing is normally taught in a four-hour four- Since non-detects are the norm most module training session by Department of established programs are insensitive to Energy (DOE) Radiological Assistance false positives and have sufficient conser- Program (RAP) health physicists in DOE vatism to ignore false negatives. When RAP Region 4 (AZ, NM, TX OK & KS). action is necessary for each measure- In this PEP session you will get a ment, such as for highly visible cleanup or copy of the PowerPoint presentation used anti-terrorist activities, the consequences for the DOE RAP Region 4 Training and of a decision may be critical. Strategies background on how over the last 3 years such as measurement in depth may be this training has been useful in training necessary. First Responders in DOE RAP Region 4. This course will present detection Additional radiological emergency training theory for small total counts; measure- material will be discussed and made avail- ment theory including total propagation of able to the PEP students. error and error estimation; and decision theory based on value weighting and PEP W5 New Homeland Security Bayesian methods. Simple practical Instrument Performance Standards examples will be included. Michelle Johnson Pacific Northwest National Laboratory PEP W3 Priciples of Physical During this course, participants will Security for Radioactive Sources become familiar with instrument perform- John Pelletier ance standards recently developed to NNSA DOE (Sandia) address performance requirements for This session will describe the basic instrumentation used by Department of Physical Protection methodology, Homeland Security. Two of the four stan- employed by the Department of dards recently developed will be dis- Energy/National Nuclear Security Office cussed: ANSI N42.32, American National of Global Radiological Protection in pro- Standard Performance Criteria for viding radiological source security Alarming Personal Radiation Detectors for enhancements internationally and domes- Homeland Security and ANSI N42.33, tically. The key concepts of threat based American National Standard for Portable design, detection, delay and response Radiation Detection Instrumentation for along with cost effective security Homeland Security. The presenter will 49 spend time discussing test methods used to evaluate an instrument performance against the criteria in the standards. Individuals interested in developing a deeper understanding of the requirements in these standards and in how instruments are evaluated will benefit from attending the course.

50 Continuing Education Lectures Monday, June 26 through Thursday, June 29, 2006 - 7:00-8:00 AM Included in Registration Fee Monday - 7:00-8:00 AM tions of the Immigration and Naturalization Service and the US CEL1 The High Background Department of Agriculture were merged Radiation Area in Ramsar Iran into the old US Customs Service. Also Andy Karam added, but maintaining its historical uni- MJW Corporation forms and mission, was the US Border The city of Ramsar Iran has the Patrol. highest measured radiation levels of As part of this expansion, CBP any populated part of the world, due to placed many more non-intrusive very interesting geology and geochem- inspection scanning machines at Ports istry. While many health physicists of Entry to examine cargo for contra- have heard of Ramsar, few in the US band, examination of manifest against have had the opportunity to visit it actual conveyances and now to look for themselves, and there are many who weapons of mass destruction. These wonder if the reports of high radiation machines range from gamma and x-ray levels are to be trusted (and where the to higher MeV accelerators and some radiation levels come from). In this lec- neutron applications. This presentation ture, we will try to put these doubts to elaborates on the extensive steps taken rest! We will discuss the unique geolo- by CBP to ensure that all employees gy and geochemistry that has given rise and the public are protected below the to Ramsar's extraordinarily high levels radiation levels authorized the general of background radiation and the radia- public. tion levels measured by our lecturer during a visit to this area in November, Tuesday - 7:00-8:00 AM 2000. CEL3 The Lions, Rhinos and CEL2 Radiation Safety for Security Reactors of South Africa Based Applications: The U.S. Dave Allard Customs and Border Protection Pennsylvania Department of En- Methodology vironmental Protection Bureau of Rick Whitman Radiation Protection US Customs and Border Protection This presentation is an overview of The historical first mission of US a recent trip to South Africa by the Customs Service, from 1789 to 2003, author and his wife. The technical por- was to protect the interests of the tion of the talk will cover an introduction nation by collecting tariffs and duties, to the past and current nuclear pro- protecting trade and health screenings grams in the country, including their of immigrants. Over time, the mission conventional light water power reac- grew to include the detection of contra- tors, uranium production and a new band. In March 2003, as part of the cre- gas-cooled pebble bed nuclear reactor. ation of the Department of Homeland The Pebble Bed Modular Reactor Security, the US Customs Service was (PBMR) is being developed in conjunc- reorganized into US Customs and tion with other offshore nuclear organi- Border Protection (CBP). The number zations, with the hope of breaking of employees grew as substantial por- ground and constructing a prototype in 51 South Africa beginning in 2008. A brief particular problems related to fetal discussion of the country’s past nuclear dosimetry (e.g. fetal thyroid uptake of weapons program, an IAEA verified dis- radioiodines) will also be discussed. A mantlement of that program, and cur- brief overview of current knowledge on rent non-power reactor nuclear technol- radiation effects on the embryo and ogy program will be included. Though fetus will also be provided. the mine site wasn’t visited, a side-bar Wednesday - 7:00-8:00 AM overview of the natural reactor at the Oklo site in Gabon, Africa is included. CEL5 A Review on Distribution of No doubt the most interesting aspect of Radiopharmaceuticals: Implication on the presentation will be a photo slide Radiation Therapy and Protection show covering the natural and cultural Lanka Venkata beauty of this fascinating country. University of Medicine and Dentistry Photos include scenes from Cape Town of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey and surroundings (i.e., the V&A To perform internal dose calcula- Waterfront, District 6 museum, Robben tions, the nuclear medicine assumes Island, Company’s Gardens, Table uniform distribution in an organ, sub- Mountain and Cape of Good Hope, organ or tissue levels. It calculates the local vineyard), Johannesburg and the mean absorbed dose. The calculations amazing Pilanesberg Game Park. involve energy emitted per radioactive Lastly, South Africa made a presenta- decay, the fraction of the energy tion at the last IRPA meeting, indicating absorbed in various tissues/organs and their desire to host the IRPA-13 meet- the effective half-life and predicts the ing in 2012. This author wishes them biological response. From a review of the best with their bid - as it is an recent research articles, it is evident incredible venue for such a meeting! that the administered radiopharmaceu- CEL4 Internal Dose Issues in ticals are distributed non-uniformly in Pregnancy tissue. Although, it appears that the Mike Stabin radiopharmaceuticals uniformly distrib- Vanderbilt University ute through out the tissue at the macro- The radiosensitivity of the develop- scopic level, at a closer look at the cel- ing embryo and fetus presents unique lular level (microscopic level) shows problems in the protection of pregnant that the radiopharmaceuticals distribute workers and the pregnant medical non-uniformly. The mean absorbed patient. This CE will review current dose to a tissue element is no more models and methods for radiation dose suitable to predict biologic effect due to calculations to the embryo and fetus the non-uniform distribution. Since the from radioactive materials incorporated average absorbed dose to the kidneys into the body and give an overview of using single-region dosimetric model current practice and knowledge in this can misrepresent the dose to local sub- area. For workers, a review of interna- structures of the kidney, the MIRD com- tional practices on approaches to the mittee of the Nuclear Medicine devel- protection of pregnant workers and oped a MIRD pamphlet No. 19 entitled their offspring will be given. For nuclear “Absorbed Fractions and Radionuclide medicine patients, available dose esti- S values for six Age-Dependent mates for a number of important radio- Multiregion Models of the Kidney,” to pharmaceuticals will be studied, and address this issue. In addition, the

52 bystander effects should also be con- longer and was much more expensive sidered to accommodate the non-uni- than expected, but resulted in unre- form distribution of radiopharmaceuti- stricted release of the site and license cals. This presentation will review vari- termination in Nov 2005. Rodger will ous aspects of uniform and non-uniform discuss the major aspects of the distributions in tissue and overall con- decommissioning and the Independent sideration to look into the basis for radi- Inspection Program and some of the ation therapy and radiation protection. reasons for the unanticipated costs and time to complete the project. CEL6 Saxton Nuclear Reactor Decommissioning Thursday - 7:00-8:00 AM Rodger Granlund The Saxton Nuclear Reactor was CEL7 Medical Triage and Manage- a 23.5 MWt pressurized water test ment of Radiation Terrorism Events reactor built by Westinghouse on the Ronald E. Goans site of a coal-fired power plant in MJW Corporation Saxton, PA. It went critical in 1962 and Hospital emergency personnel operated for 10 years. Ideas, such as should expect to triage victims of an boron shim, Pu mixed-oxide fuel, and RDD incident using traditional medical the laminated steel pressure vessel and trauma criteria. Victims from an were investigated at Saxton. It was RDD event may have trauma from the also used to train reactor operators for conventional explosive and these many of the early nuclear power plants. injuries should be addressed first. Early The fuel was removed after the shut- identification of the isotope is crucial in down in 1972 and sent to Savannah the medical management of the acute River. The control building and other phase of the incident. Decorporation structures were partially decommis- therapy in the ED is primarily used to sioned in 1972-74. Decontamination mitigate the stochastic effects of radia- and removal of the outbuildings was tion dose. A terrorism scenario is pre- accomplished in 1987-1992. Final sented where mass casualty radiologi- decommissioning of the containment cal triage decision levels are based on vessel and other parts of the site was a bioassay threshold of 0.25 Annual started in 1996 and finished in 2005. Limit of Intake (ALI) for infants and chil- One of the components of the final dren less than 15 years of age and 5 decommissioning was the Independent ALI for adults. Expert opinion in the field Inspection Program. Penn State of radiation medicine suggests a factor University was contracted for this pro- of 5 higher sensitivity in infants and chil- gram by GPU and Rodger Granlund, dren to the long-term effects of radia- University Health Physicist, served as tion. The decision threshold of using the Independent Inspector. The 0.25 ALI for infants and children as Independent Inspector was given free noted above is therefore conservative access to the site and reported to the at a factor of 20. From medical experi- Bedford County Commissioners and ence with industrial radiation accidents, the Saxton Citizens Taskforce on the decorporation therapy is generally rec- progress of the decommissioning. The ommended for intake >5-10 ALI, and commissioning was one of the first proj- certainly for intake > 10 ALI. High-level ects completed under the new NRC external dose and the resultant neu- decommissioning rules. It took much tropenia and sepsis will be treated according to current guidelines for 53 treatment of the Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) and consistent with Guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). CEL8 Induction, Repair and Biological Consequences of Clustered DNA Lesions Rob Stewart Purdue University School of Health Sciences The passage of ionizing radiation through living organisms initiates phys- ical and chemical processes that create clusters of damaged nucleotides within one or two turns of the DNA. These clusters are widely considered an important initiating event for the induc- tion of other biological endpoints, including cell killing and neoplastic transformation. The mechanisms and types of DNA damage induced by low and high linear energy transfer (LET) radiations will be reviewed, as will the mechanisms responsible for the repair of clustered DNA lesions. Results from Monte Carlo simulations of the induc- tion and repair of DNA damage will be presented for energetic electrons and light ions. The Monte Carlo computer programs and sample input and output files will be made available to course participants.

54 2006 Exhibit Hall Floorplan

EXIT EXIT

314 329 414 516 EXIT 430 313 515 Lounge University Tables 429

8'9" 311 8'9" 9'3" 428 513 327 310 427 512 529

9'8"

109 9'3" 209 426 EXIT 325 510 527 108 Lounge Lounge 424 509 29 Poster Boards

308 323 407

107 208 307 322 406 624 EXIT 506 523 106 207 306 321 405 421 619

9'6"

104 320 404 420 505 522 605 618

419 504 521 616 101 205 305 418 503 520 603 EXIT 203 303 417 502 519 602 400 201 416 501 518 601 Connector to 300 Westin Hotel 100 200 415 500 517 600 12'10"

20'5"

EXIT EXIT

ENTRANCE EXIT

Open to Below Rotunda Lobby

Exhibit Hall Hours Monday ...... Noon - 5:00 pm Tuesday ...... 9:30 am - 5:00 pm Wednesday ...... 9:30 am - Noon 55 2006 Exhibitors 2007 ANNUAL BOOTH: 203 APANTEC LLC BOOTH: 605 MEETING - PORTLAND, OR Apantec LCC with extensive field- 2007 MIDYEAR BOOTH: 205 proven experience is pleased to offer a MEETING - KNOXVILLE, TN comprehensive line of cost-effective, inno- vative .net ready radiation monitoring AAHP/ABHP BOOTH: 200 technology including: - MCA-based, net- ADCO SERVICES, INC. BOOTH: 414 work-ready, lightweight/portable, Liquid, Adco Services, Inc. handles the bro- Area, and Air radiation monitors (Alpha, kering for processing and disposal of Beta, Gamma, Neutron, Tritium) - Fixed radioactive, hazardous, and non-haz- nuclear plant systems for Area, ardous wastes. Continuous Air and Liquid effluents (safe- ALPHA SPECTRA, INC. BOOTH: 518 ty and non-safety alike) - Digital Pocket Alpha Spectra, Inc. manufactures Radiation Dosimeters - Comprehensive gamma-ray detectors for health physics, Software for collecting, converting, inte- academic, industrial, medical and explo- grating, and analyzing data from all ration applications. Scintillation materials sources - P.E.T. Center/Accelerator-based used include most of the common phos- radiation monitoring instrumentation - phors e.g. NaI(T1), BGO, plastic, etc. Homeland Security - Emergency Response Instrumentation AMERICAN NUCLEAR BOOTH: 310 SOCIETY ARROW-TECH INC. BOOTH: 207 The American Nuclear Society pub- Arrow-Tech, Inc. is one of the few lishes Nuclear News, Radwaste companies in the world that maintains the Solutions, technical journals, standards technology to manufacture the Direct- and position statements. Its 11,000 mem- Reading Dosimeter. Arrow-Tech, Inc. bers represent to the government and the maintains customers throughout the public a unified voice in support of nuclear world, providing quality, reliable, durable science and technology. products and service. We also handle a full line of radiation detection equipment. ANALYTICS, INC. BOOTH: 417 Supplier of NIST-traceable radioac- ATLANTIC NUCLEAR BOOTH: 618 tivity standards for the calibration of alpha, GROUP beta, and gamma-ray detectors. Provider Radiation Detection, Shielding, of performance evaluation programs for and, Radiation Safety Products. effluent and environmental monitoring BARTLETT BOOTH: 320 programs. Bartlett has over twenty-six years of ANTKOWIAK AND BOOTH: 515 experience providing radiation safety, MAHONEY ENTERPRISES, INC. decontamination, maintenance, janitorial, Antkowiak and Mahoney professional and other managed staff Enterprises Inc. offers health physics augmentation services to nuclear, industri- services. We have become successful al and government facilities nationwide. because of our adherence to our basic Bartlett also offers equipment and tech- premise - if we provide a quality service, nologies including automated monitoring then our customers will be more than sat- systems, portable ventilation systems and isfied, they will be HAPPY! Excel modular scaffolding.

56 BERKELEY BOOTH: 521 The new Canberra has the broadest NUCLEONICS CORPORATION array of Health Physics capabilities in the POLINUCLEONICS industry. HP related products include a full Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation is range of gamma and alpha spectroscopy a leading solution provider for radiological equipment, personnel contamination moni- detection. BNC offers a broad spectrum tors, hand held survey instruments for of radiological security products and serv- alpha, beta, gamma and neutron measure- ices to industries involved in environmen- ment, whole body counters and area moni- tal monitoring, emergency response, radi- tors. The company also offers a full range ation protection and counter-terrorism. of services including repair and mainte- BIONOMICS, INC. BOOTH: 314 nance, training and expert data review. Radioactive and Mixed Waste CHASE BOOTH: 517 Dispersal Services. ENVIRONMENTAL GROUP INC BLADEWERX LLC BOOTH: 509 Radioactive and mixed waste bro- Bladewerx designs and manufac- kerage, processing and disposal. tures health physics instrumentation and Radioactive and chemical hazard remedi- offers design engineering services to the ation and decomissioning. Sealed source radiation protection industry. The compa- recovery/recycle service available. ny specializes in air monitoring and pro- CHESAPEAKE BOOTH: 109 vides cutting edge technology in both NUCLEAR SERVICES INC algorithm development and attractive but Licensed to perform radiological practical software and hardware user- surveys and decommissioning activities interface design. nationwide. MARSSIM practitioners. CABRERA BOOTH: 321 Program management, licensing support. Technology applications for effluents, tri- SERVICES, INC. tium-in-groundwater, operational and Cabrera Services is a small business environmental gamma spectral character- providing full-service environmental remedi- ization. Proprietary wireless radionuclide ation services for hazardous, toxic and detection/mapping system - MARSS radioactive waste (HTRW) sites. Cabrera’s Responder - for characterization and capabilities include Environmental/ emergency response. Radiological Remediation, Remedial Construction, Radiological Engineering, DADE MOELLER BOOTH: 510 Radioactive & Mixed Waste Management, & ASSOCIATES Environmental Engineering, Munitions and Dade Moeller & Associates is an Explosives of Concern (MEC) Response & award-winning, employee-owned business Range Support. specializing in occupational and environ- mental health sciences. We provide pro- CANBERRA INDUSTRIESBOOTH: 400 fessional consulting services for assessing, Canberra is the world’s leading sup- preventing, and controlling harmful expo- plier of analytical instruments, systems sures from radiation and hazardous sub- and services for radiation measurement. stances that affect workers, the public and Applications for Canberra offerings the environment. Dade Moeller & include health physics, nuclear power Associates employs more than 25 Certified operations, Radiation Monitoring Systems Health Physicists and has close, long- (RMS), nuclear safeguards, nuclear standing affiliations with national and inter- waste management, environmental radio- national health physics organizations. chemistry and other areas. Please visit us at www.moellerinc.com 57 DEPARTMENT OF BOOTH: 201 FLUKE BIOMEDICAL BOOTH: 600 HOMELAND SECURITY’S OFFICE OF Fluke Biomedical provides the latest GRANTS & TRAINING technology in radiation detection meters The U.S Department of Homeland available with wireless capability. The Security in coordination with the Victoreen®ASM 990 Series Survey Meter Department of Energy, the U.S. Navy, and excels in detecting radioactive contamina- the Health Physics Society is pleased to tion. The 451P/B Ion Chamber Survey provide the following update on the Meters perform high-sensitivity measure- Homeland Defense Equipment Reuse ments of exposure and exposure rate. (HDER) Program. The HDER Program provides responder agencies across the FRAMEWORK BOOTH: 503 nation access to a substantial inventory of SCIENTIFIC excess radiological detection instrumenta- Framework Scientific is a highly tion and other equipment, training and tech- dynamic company involved in the devel- nical support, all at no cost. The equipment opment of advanced cutting edge scientif- available through the program includes: ic instrumentation and software, with an hand-held dose rate meters, electronic emphasis on radiation measurements. pulsers, count rate meters, pocket ionization We are pleased to introduce our chambers, instrument probes, personal Acoustical Bubble Counter ABC 1260, a protective equipment, and miscellaneous state of the art neutron detector designed safety equipment. The HDER Program is for the superheated drop (bubble) detec- constantly evolving and growing in order to tor technology pioneered at Yale better meet the needs of the first responder University. The unit offers: -High Neutron community and new equipment items will sensitivity; - Dose equivalent response; - continue to be available as the program Photon discrimination; -Digital Active expands and matures. counting; -Standard PC interface; - Optional High Z kit for enhanced high- ECOLOGY BOOTH: 513 energy response to several hundred SERVICES, INC. MeV.; -Programmable dose rate alarms; - Ecology Services, Inc. provides a Network connectivity; Web Site: variety of health physics services and www.framesci.com. front-end support to waste generators including waste characterization, tracking, FRHAM SAFETY BOOTH: 529 packaging and shipment preparation. We PRODUCTS INC. support the requirements of both large Frham Safety Products, Inc. is a and small generators. leading supplier of both Nuclear and Industrial safety equipment throughout ENERGY SOLUTIONS BOOTH: 405 North America. Serving both Commercial (SCIENTECH) and Governmental facilities, Frham offers Scientech has more than 31 years innovative radiation and contamination of experience providing health physics protection, health physics supplies, rad- and decommissioning services to acade- waste reduction items, and custom manu- mia, DOE and commercial clients. From facturing. simple one laboratory decommissioning to full scale turnkey D&D projects- GAMMA BOOTH: 307 Scientech does it all. PRODUCTS, INC. FEMTO-TECH, INC. BOOTH: 100 GasLess Alpha/Beta Counting Manufacturer of continuous air and System the Mini T. process radiation instrumentation. 58 GLOBAL DOSIMETRY BOOTH: 424 ILLINOIS INSTITUTE BOOTH: 322 SOLUTIONS, INC OF TECHNOLOGY Global Dosimetry Solutions pro- Internet-based program leading to a vides radiation monitoring services to Masters Degree in Health Physics. No many industries. Crucial for managing the thesis Required. risks of cumulative radiation exposure, our INTERNATIONAL BOOTH: 512 solutions ensure the safety of individuals ISOTOPES, INC. worldwide. Cobalt source manufacture & recy- HEALTH PHYSICS BOOTH: 520 cling and provider of radiological services INSTRUMENTS such as wipe test analysis and transporta- Health Physics Instruments manu- tion support. factures instruments and devices that ISOTOPE PRODUCTS BOOTH: 416 measure gamma, neutron, beta, and LABORATORIES & ANALYTICS, INC. alpha radiation. The line includes portable Isotope Products Laboratories is a Geiger-counters through sophisticated NIST traceable laboratory supplying fixed monitors, rem meters, and multi- radioactive standards, sources and channel analyzers. HPI has been serving nuclides for counting room use, instru- the Health Physics community for over 30 ment calibration and environmental moni- years. toring, specializing in custom require- HI-Q ENVIRONMENTAL BOOTH: 500 ments. PRODUCTS CO. J. L. SHEPHERD BOOTH: 108 HI-Q Environmental Products & ASSOC. Company has been a leading Gamma, beta and neutron instru- Manufacturer of Air Sampling Equipment, ment calibration and dosimeter irradiation Systems & Accessories since 1973. Our facilities, gamma research irradiators, product line includes: Continuous duty process irradiators, and blood component high & low volume air samplers, air flow irradiators with remote local and computer calibrators, radioiodine sampling car- controls including calibration databases. tridges, collection filter paper, combination Source/device decommissioning. filter holders, and complete stack/fume Source/device decommissioning. hood sampling systems including the JP LABORATORIES, INC. BOOTH: 323 Shrouded Probe designed per ANSI JP Laboratories introduces N13.1 1999. RADTriage™, the only dual-sensor (0- HOPEWELL BOOTH: 505 50 and 0-1,000 rads) personal radiation DESIGNS, INC. dosimeter with false positive/negative Hopewell Designs, Inc. manufac- and expiration indicators. Recipient of tures irradiator calibration systems for R&D-100 and Frost & Sullivan Awards. radiation detection instruments and per- Contact Fred Lucci, GF Distribution sonnel dosimetry. Systems may be man- Services, Salem, CT @ 860 859 3806. ual or automated dependent on the cus- K & S ASSOCIATES BOOTH: 624 tomers requirements. Our product line K & S Associates provides accredit- also encompasses X-Ray inspection sys- ed calibrations for health physics equip- tems, lead shielding, and mechanical ment, such as survey meters, kVp, mAs, positioning systems. and light meters, plus densitometers, HPS PUBLICATIONS BOOTH: dosimeters, multifunction meters, ion REGISTRATION AREA chambers, electrometers, triad kits and much more. 59 LAB IMPEX BOOTH: 306 experience building lasers, using lasers SYSTEMS LTD. and teaching people about lasers and Stack area monitoring systems for laser safety. Services offered include: aerosol, gas and liquid effluent measure- Onsite and Public venue Laser Safety ment applications. Training Courses, * Laser Safety Training LANCS INDUSTRIES, INC. BOOTH: 419 Videos, * Laser Hazard Analysis Software Lancs Industries manufactures con- Tools, * Laser and Laser Safety Program tainments, tents, glovebags, protective Audits and Audit Training. clothing and lead shielding. Lancs spe- LAURUS SYSTEMS, INC. BOOTH: 407 cializes in fabricating custom designed LAURUS Systems specializes in items to prevent contamination in radio- the sales and service of quality radiation logical work environments. detection instruments to emergency LANDAUER INC BOOTH: 209 responders, the nuclear industry, health Landauer is the nation’s leading physics, military and homeland security. provider of personnel radiation dosimetry LAURUS is a private, 100% woman- ® owned small business concern that also services. New OSL technology, Luxel provides MJW software solutions, training dosimeter, measures x-ray, beta and gamma and calibration services radiation along with neutron detection capa- bilities. NVLAP accredited. Landauer offers a LOS ALAMOS BOOTH: 106 full range of reports, ALARA aids, interactive NATIONAL LABORATORY computer systems, dosimetry management The LANL - OSR Project is the PC software and other related services. DOE/NNSA focal point for removal of Aurion operational dosimetry service com- sealed sources from the public sector to bines the Internet and cutting edge DIS tech- reduce the potential threat. Under NNSAs nology to help control exposure. Office of Global Threat Reduction, OSR has removed over 14,000 sealed sources LASER INSTITUTE BOOTH: 501 from the commercial & educational institu- OF AMERICA tions in the USA. Laser Institute of America is the pro- fessional society dedicated to fostering LUDLUM BOOTH: 616 lasers, laser applications and laser safety MEASUREMENTS, INC. worldwide. For three decades, LIA has Ludlum Measurements, Inc. will be served the laser community through confer- displaying a varied array of portable instru- ences, symposia, publications and courses. ments, as well as Area Monitors, Portal The LIA is the secretariat and publisher of Monitors, and other specialized monitoring the ANSI Z136 series of laser safety stan- systems. We will also have some historical dards.T he LIA provides continuing educa- units from the past on display. tion credits, ABIH CM points and BLS CM MACTEC, INC. BOOTH: 430 points for all our laser safety training cours- From characterization through es which include in-house training. license termination, MACTEC is your radi- LASER- BOOTH: 602 ological decommissioning choice. With PROFESSIONALS INC. our mobile NRC license and various Laser-Professionals Inc. designs, Agreement State licenses, we can per- produces and presents Laser Safety form characterization, decontamination, Training Programs, Services and remediation and demolition, as well as Products for the Laser Safety Officer by waste packaging and transportation while Hands-on laser users with decades of minimizing client liability.

60 MGP BOOTH: 325 also available, check out our website at INSTRUMENTS www.mjwts.com or call toll free 1-866-300- MGP Instruments designs, devel- 3MJW for more information. ops, markets and supports operational NRRPT BOOTH: 101 survey equipment and measurement sys- To encourage and promote the edu- tems in order to protect people, facilites cation and training of radiation protection and the environment against technologi- technologists and, by so doing, promote cal hazards and threats. and advance the science of health MJW CORPORATION BOOTH: 104 physics. MJW Corporation Inc. provides a vari- OAK RIDGE BOOTH: 308 ety of radiological consulting services as ASSOCIATED UNIVERSITIES well as innovative software solutions for ORAU provides a variety of services health physics and other technical indus- in the radiological sciences: training, envi- tries. The Radiological Division of MJW spe- ronmental surveys, decommissioning. cializes in internal dose assessment, recon- epidemiology, and emergency response. struction and radiological and health physics services for private industry and OAK RIDGE BOOTH: 305 government agencies. MJW’s software line NATIONAL LABORATORY-ENVIRON- brings state-of-the-art applications to health MENTAL EFFECTS LABORATORY physics, nuclear related fields, and all The Environmental Effects aspects of emergency preparedness, dis- Laboratory is part of the Engineering, aster recovery, asset management and pre- Science, and Technology Division of Oak risk mitigation. Collaboration between the Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, multimedia and radiological divisions keeps Tennessee. Located on ORNL’s main cam- MJW on the front line of flourishing techno- pus, testing capabilities include normal to logical progress. Check out our updated extreme atmospheric conditions, and elec- product page at http://www.mjwcorp.com or tromagnetic and mechanical environments. call us toll-free at 1-888-MJWCORP for ON SITE SYSTEMS, INC. BOOTH: 519 more information. On Site Systems, Inc. is a software MJW TECHNICAL BOOTH: 603 development company with a single SERVICES INC. focus, Environmental Health and MJW Technical Services, Inc. provides Biological, Chemical and Radiological high quality and timely calibrations for all Safety Data Management software, both types of radiation detection equipment. client-server and Web based applications. MJWTS is the Ludlum Measurements The EH&S Assistant is a centralized data- Authorized Eastern U.S. Service Center so base and safety management system with our new state-of-the-art calibration facili- providing comprehensive compliance ty strategically located in the northeastern documentation. The Health Physics U.S. we can quickly and efficiently service Assistant helps the RSO efficiently meet our customers. In addition to instrument cali- federal, state and local requirements for brations MJWTS also provides customers managing the safe use of radioactive with a source leak testing service and recog- material. nizes that a well-trained staff is a productive ONYX/VEOLIA BOOTH: 516 and safe staff so MJWTS offers a suite of ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES technical training courses in key areas of Onyx/Veolia Environmental OSHA compliance and communication. Services is a full-service waste manage- Other professional radiological services are ment company. Our low-level radioactive services consist of radioactive and mixed 61 waste management from the point of gen- more about our services please visit us at eration through to treatment and disposal. http://environment.pnl.gov/resources/reso This includes identification, classification, urce_description.asp?id=91&type=labs; approval at a licensed treatment facility, http://cra.pnl.gov or call Michelle Johnson audits of these treatment facilities for envi- at (509) 376-4014. ronmental and financial liability purposes, PERKIN ELMER LIFE BOOTH: 300 packaging, transportation and preparation AND ANALYTICAL SCIENCES of all necessary shipping documents. In Microbeta and Victor Z liquid scintil- addition, we provide on-site services lation counters. where we manage our customers’ (the licensed entity) waste directly on their site PERMA-FIX BOOTH: 303 until it is ready to be shipped. We also pro- ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES vide consulting services and training. Perma-Fix Environmental Services provides turnkey hazardous, low-level ORDELA INC. BOOTH: 418 radioactive and mixed waste treatment ORDELA, Inc. produces a line of services at our fully licensed and permit- alph spectronicity instrumentation includ- ted facilities. These services offer our cus- ing the PERALS alpha-liquid scintillation tomers with the most comprehensive haz- spectrometer Fristh-grid alpha spectrome- ardous, radioactive and mixed waste ter and 1000sq.cm windowless, ultra-low treatment services capabilities in the U.S. background gas flow proportional coun- ters. PHILOTECHNICS, LTD. BOOTH: 522 LLRW and Mixed Waste brokerage ORTEC BOOTH: 327 services, HP services including D&D, ORTEC has over forty years of license terminations, etc., and industrial experience providing solutions for a wide hygiene services. variety of Nuclear Detection Applications. Our team of highly qualified scientists and PROTEAN INSTRUMENT BOOTH: 404 engineers are dedicated to providing CORPORATION measurement system solutions for Protean Instrument Corporation is Homeland Security, Waste Management, the leading supplier in high performance Personal Monitoring, In-Situ measure- alpha/beta counting stytems and the only ments, and Radiochemistry Laboratory compnay 100% dedicated to the manu- Applications. Visit our booth today and facture of these systems. We manufac- allow us to assist you with your Nuclear ture a wide range of models, including Detection needs. automatic, manual, single detector, multi- detector, windowed and windowless. We PACIFIC NORTHWEST BOOTH: 313 deliver twice the performance! NATIONAL LAB Pacific Northwest National QSA GLOBAL BOOTH: 506 Laboratory (PNNL), operated by Battelle Formally trading as AEA Technology for the US Department of Energy offers QSA, QSA Global’s Isotrak brand manu- radiological calibration and testing servic- factures high quality sources for the cali- es. These services include dosimeter irra- bration of radiation measurement instru- diations, instrument repair and calibration, ments. Isotrak offers the complete range instrument type testing, alpha and beta of NIST-traceable Reference Sources for source recertification, transfer standard Homeland Security applications (ANSI calibration, medical seed evaluations, N42.35/38) and a range of instruments for research irradiations, and high dose irradi- dose measurements like the Automess ations in excess of 40,000 Rad/h. To learn Teletector. 62 RADECO BOOTH: 527 safety communications, and expert wit- Air sampling equipment and filter nesses. Partner with the Radiation Safety media. for success and receive your free radia- RADIAC BOOTH: 406 tion safety program review. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES RADIATION SAFETY BOOTH: 428 Radiac Research Corp. is the only ASSOCIATES licensed radioactive waste broker/trans- Radiation consulting services, radio- porter with a Low-Level Radioactive chemical analysis/lab services, instrument waste storage facility in the Northeastern calibration & repair, decontamination & United States. Radiac's impeccable safe- decommissioning, professional publications ty record, responsible waste management (journals & reference books) and software practices and highly qualified staff provide and detection equipment for HPs. cost effective disposal alternatives for S. E. INTERNATIONAL, INC.BOOTH: 427 some of the most challenging Radioactive ® and Mixed Waste streams. The Radiation Alert product line offering handheld ionizing radiation detec- RADIATION SAFETY BOOTH: 426 tion instruments including Geiger coun- & CONTROL SERVICES INC. ters, dosimeters, and multi-channel ana- RSCS specializes in: Health Physics lyzers for surface and air contamination. Consulting, Decommissioning Support, Proven to be reliable in environmental, Groundwater Investigations, Training, industrial, research, Health Physics and Survey Instrument Calibration & Repair, educational fields. Source Leak Testing, Equipment Sales & Leasing, Radiation Safety Program Audits, SAIC BOOTH: 502 Specialty/ Standard Field Measurements, SAIC will display its state-of the-art License Application-Amendments. dosimeters, dose management systems, Software: Radiation Safety Manager, personnel monitoring systems, and our ISOMIX, and custom applications. modular suite of instruments with associ- ated electronic survey mapping capability. RADIATION SAFETY BOOTH: 420 All SAIC’s manufactured products are ACADEMY built in the USA and are backed with over For those who want the best under- 30 years of expertise. standing and assurance of radiation safe- ty. We have four Certified Healt Physicists SAINT-GOBAIN BOOTH: 421 with over 75 years of combined experi- CRYSTALS SCINTILLATION PRODUCTS ence. We provide training in all aspects of Gas-filled radiation detectors; radiation safety from Radiation Scintillation crystals, including our exclu- Awareness, Instruments, Regulations, sive Brillance™ crystals; Cast plastic and Transportation, Radiation Safety Officer, liquid scintillators; Plastic scintillating to CHP Exam Preparation and others. fibers; CdZnTe. We offer the best source of online training SANDIA NATIONAL BOOTH: 107 (www.RadTrainONline.com) and will even LABORATORIES design courses specifically to meet your Sandia National Laboratories company’s needs. Our CHPs can provide Security Specialists will be available to consultation for all types of radiation safe- demonstrate technology and provide con- ty needs including; license application and sultation/training related to Physical amendments, sealed source and device Protection design principles used in creat- registrations, on-site audits, radiation ing an effective security system for pro- safety program development, effective tecting high-risk radioactive sources. 63 SCIONIX BOOTH: 415 tems for heat stress and information on Scionix produces custom made detec- our computerized, inventory controlled, tors employing Scintillation Crystals and Mobile Safety Stores. Materials. Our key themes are a quick inter- U.S. NUCLEAR BOOTH: 311 action on new scientific developments REGULATORY COMMISSION regarding materials and detection techniques The mission of the U.S. Nuclear with a close collaboration with the end users. Regulatory Commission is to regulate the SPECTRUM BOOTH: 504 civilian use of nuclear power and nuclear TECHNIQUES materials to protect the health and safety Radioisotope check sources, GM of the public, the environment, and the counting equipment, scintillation spec- nation. NRC monitors, enforces, and pro- trometers. tects nuclear power plants that generate TECHNICAL BOOTH: 208 electricity as well as universities and hos- ASSOCIATES pitals that use nuclear materials. Recent additions to TA’s Health XRF CORPORATION BOOTH: 329 Physics instrument line include air and XRF Corporation provides the area monitors, which are smarter, more finest hand held radionuclide identifiers sensitive and more rugged than previous- and sensors available for homeland ly available, in addition to pipe and plume security, first responder, nuclear power, and the latest advances in portables. environmental and medical applica- TELETRIX BOOTH: 619 tions. The rugged and compact ICS- CORPORATION 4000 product line utilizes unique Teletrix manufactures the country’s Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) detec- leading line of radiation training equip- tors providing high-resolution instru- ment. Uniquely designed, our various ments with superior identification capa- product lines are totally simulated with bilities. highly realistic interfaces using absolutely no radiation for safe training environ- ments. THERMO ELECTRON BOOTH: 523 CORPORATION Thermo Electron Corporation, Eniviromental Instruments, manufactures air quality instruments for enviromental compliance and water analysis products to radiation instrumentation systems for nuclear and homeland security markets. TSA SYSTEMS, LTD. BOOTH: 601 Radiation Detection Equipment UNITECH BOOTH: 429 UniTech is the world leader in radio- logical laundering and provider of a full line of protective clothing, including our signature “ProTech” garments. We also will be featuring Personal Climate sys-

64 PLENARY ABSTRACT plutonium, the RMFC produces second- PL.1 Integrating Risk Analysis and ary neutrons via (á,n) reactions. Several Communication exposure scenarios were examined in Fischhoff, B.; Carnegie Mellon University, order to assess the potential radiological Pittsburgh impact from an intact and breached The fate of individuals, communi- device. The scenarios include dose to ties, and industries can depend on how personnel 30 cm from an RMFC, implant- well people understand the risks and ben- ing one in the chest cavity, and accidental- efits of activities and technologies produc- ly ingesting the device. All exposure sce- ing radiation (as a goal or unwanted narios with the intact RMFC resulted in byproduct). Typically, most people can total effective dose equivalent rates of less understand the critical facts well enough than 2.5 rem per year. Exposure scenar- to make reasonable choices – if they ios with a damaged RMFC considered receive them in a clear, concise form, inhalation of the radioisotope and result- before positions are set. Achieving this ant dose at acute (1-day) and goal requires an integrated approach, committed/chronic (50-year) time frames. drawing on four kinds of expertise: (a) Inhalation dose coefficients (Sv/Bq) from subject matter specialists, for providing Federal Guidance Report 11 were used to authoritative knowledge about the determine the resultant committed effec- processes producing the risks and bene- tive dose equivalent (CEDE) and relative fits; (b) risk and decision analysts, for risk due to the inhalation of the radionu- extracting the decision-relevant facts from clide. NUREG/CR-4214 guidelines for that knowledge; (c) behavioral scientists, deterministic effects of acute exposure for identifying beliefs and values in the tar- were used to examine the risk and possi- get audience and evaluating the effective- ble lethality from high dose-rate acute ness of communications; and (d) commu- exposures. These exposure scenarios nication specialists, for guiding the design were considered conservative, because it and dissemination of messages. The assumed no mitigating features are incor- health physics community has members porated into the design of the RMFC. with expertise spanning this set, hence is Mitigating features can reduce the amount well-positioned to ensure that all are of neutrons from (á,n) reactions and limit brought to bear, in a coordinated manner. the amount of the radioisotope that will be available for atmospheric dispersion in the WORKS-IN-PROGRESS ABSTRACTS event the device is breached. The final P.49 Radiation Health and Safety of a analysis concludes that the dose to indi- Radioisotope Powered Micro-Fuel Cell viduals living in a zone where the device Maloy, K., Palmer, T.; Oregon State has been breached will not receive more University than 50 mrem in any one year following a Radiation health and safety issues dispersion event. associated with a plutonium-powered Although the RMFC is not necessar- radioisotope powered micro fuel cell ily designed to operate under the pro- (RMFC) were evaluated. The RMFC con- posed exposure scenarios, a comprehen- verts water into its component elements sive evaluation of possible modes of by radiolysis and the resultant hydrogen is exposure is informative and prudent. used to power the fuel cell. This device is Particularly because the device employs under development and is being consid- radioactive material and applications of ered for possible deployment with unat- this technology demand the highest rigor tended sensing devices. In addition to in evaluating any plausible normal opera- emitting alpha particles from the decay of 65 tion, or accident exposure scenario. This indicate that the PEM electrolyzer can be analysis will aid in the ongoing develop- promisingly used as a reduction device for ment of the RMFC prototype. production of tritium gas, which can be P.50 Determination of Enrichment subsequently counted with a gas counting Parameters after Reduction of system. Synthetic Tritiated Samples in a Proton P.51 Large Size Chambers used for Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Calibrating a Cesium-137 Gamma-Ray Soreefan, A.M., DeVol, T.A.; Clemson Beam Irradiator University Minniti, R.; National Institutes of Tritium enrichment of aqueous sam- Standards and Technology (NIST) ples was conducted with a proton A 137Cs gamma-ray beam irradia- exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer tor has been calibrated in terms of air- and compared with conventional alkaline kerma using large-volume chambers. electrolysis. Tritium enrichment of water The range of air-kerma rates available are samples by alkaline electrolysis is well between 5.3 mGy/h (0.6 R/h) down to 1.8 characterized and has been used over 40 uGy/h (0.2 mR/h). The four ion chambers years to determine environmental levels used are spherical in shape. Two of the of tritium present in natural waters. As a chambers are sealed to the atmosphere result of the progress of fuel cell technolo- and pressurized with argon gas; their gy, development of PEM electrolyzers has walls are made of stainless steel and their occurred to the point where they are com- nominal volume is 8 L. The other two mercially available. PEM electrolyzers chambers are open to the atmosphere present advantages over classical elec- and therefore filled with air; their walls are trolytic cells, which are: the simplicity of made of air-equivalent plastic and have design and operation, compactness, no nominal volumes of 0.8 L and 3.3 L. electrolyte solution needed, and the limita- These chambers have proved to be suit- tion of corrosion issues. The objective of able despite their different characteristics. the presented work is to determine the For example, the energy response of the enrichment parameters of a commercially chambers with different wall materials is available proton exchange membrane significantly different. The two chambers electrolyzer. The knowledge of those with air-equivalent plastic walls have a rel- parameters will determine the extent by atively constant response, within 5 %, which PEM electrolytic cells can be used over a broad range of average photon for enrichment as well as to produce! energies between 60 kV and 662 keV. tritium gas for subsequent admission in a The chambers with stainless steel walls gas proportional counter. Fractionation have a relatively constant response factor B, recovery factor R and enrichment between approximately 300 keV and 662 factor E were determined after synthetic keV, but the response decreases drasti- tritiated water samples at a concentration cally, by about 40 %, as the average pho- near 740 Bq/ L were reduced with a PEM ton energy drops from 300 keV to 100 electrolyzer. Results show that tritium keV. This work shows that very good enrichment is limited in the PEM elec- agreement can be obtained among meas- trolyzer relative to conventional electrolyz- urements performed with such different ers. Lower values of both the enrichment types of chambers. For the lowest level and fractionation factors, relative to con- air-kerma rates, agreement to within 0.3 ventional electrolysis, are attributed to % is observed among the different cham- lower tritium recovery factors obtained bers, and much better agreement can be with the PEM electrolyzer. Those findings expected for higher air-kerma rates. 66 P.52 Derivation of Absorbed Fractions work, upon their review and with consen- and External Dose Conversion Factors sus from appropriate government organi- for Selected Reference Organisms zations, may be incorporated into the U.S. Being Considered by the ICRP Department of Energy's (DOE's) Kamboj, S., Yu, C., Domotor, S.; RESRAD-BIOTA code to broaden the set Argonne National Laboratory, US of RAPs that the code already provides. Department of Energy * Work supported by the U.S. Department The International Commission on of Energy, Office of Environmental Policy Radiological Protection (ICRP) is consid- and Assistance and Office of ering a set of Reference Animals and Environmental Management, under Plants (RAPs) for assessing radiation Contract W-31-109-Eng-38. effects in nonhuman organisms. The P.53 A Comparison of Dose-Based RAPs under consideration include adult Residual Contamination Levels deer, rats, ducks, frogs, trout, flatfish eggs, Estimated for Five Geologically and bees, crabs, earthworms, pine tree trunks, Environmentally Distinct Locations grass, and seaweed. This work was per- Tabriz, M., Bak, A., Higley, K.; Oregan formed in support of the RAP Dosimetry State University Modeling Task Group to ICRP Committee As part of a class project in radioe- 5. The energy-dependent absorbed frac- cology, allowable residual soil contamina- tions for photons and electrons for select- tion levels for Cs-137 were computed for ed RAPs (flatfish egg, pine tree trunk, five distinct environmental locations. adult deer, and duck) were calculated by Hypothetical contamination events were using the Monte Carlo N Particle (MCNP) examined at three locations in the United transport code. For deriving absorbed States: Point Hope, Alaska; Hanford, fractions, it was assumed that radionu- Washington; and, Aiken, South Carolina. clides were uniformly distributed in both Two additional sites, near Pripyat, the source medium and the exposed Ukraine, and on Enewetak Atoll in the organism. The external dose rates from Marshall Islands were also examined. monoenergetic photons were calculated Site-specific exposure scenarios were by using the MCNP for the rat and earth- developed based on the environmental worm for the in-soil geometry, which conditions unique to each site. These assumed that the soil was homogeneous- included farming, fishing, hunting, and ly contaminated to a depth of 50 cm and other practices. The computer program that the organism was at a depth of 25 cm. RESRAD, developed by Argonne The external dose rates for monoener- National Laboratories, was used to esti- getic photons for the rat, earthworm, and mate the residual contamination levels. pine tree trunk were also calculated for an Contamination sufficient to deliver a 25 on-soil geometry. In this case, it was mrem/year dose rate at 1, 10, and 100 assumed that the soil was uniformly con- years were calculated. Residual soil con- taminated to a depth of 10 cm and that an centrations ranged from 8000 Bq/m2 in organism was on top of the soil. The Pripyat, Ukraine, at 10 years time interval, approach taken in deriving absorbed frac- to 4.0E10 Bq/m2 in Point Hope, Alaska, tions was generally consistent with the after 100 years. The exercise illustrated approach taken for reference organisms the importance of defining both the likely and geometries contained in the pathways of exposure as well as the envi- RESRAD-BIOTA code. In addition to sup- ronmental setting in order to estimate an porting the ICRP in its consideration of allowable contamination level. appropriate RAPs, the products from this 67 P.54 A Preliminary Investigation Into annual bone marrow doses from work- The Dependence of Radiosensitivity related medical x-ray examinations were On Mass Across A Range Of Phyla estimated for 1284 cases and controls Bytwerk, D., Higley, K.; Oregon State from five U.S. nuclear facilities. The study University group consisted of 257 leukemia cases, The results of a review of six each age-matched to four randomly decades of existing literature for 50% selected controls. Only active bone mar- lethal dose data across a range of phyla row dose from photofluorographic chest x- are presented. The collected 50% lethal rays and lumbar spine x-ray examinations dose data is limited to adult organisms were included. Uncertainties in estimated subjected to acute doses of gamma radi- bone marrow doses were also examined. ation. The data collected is examined to Calculated bone marrow doses for photo- determine whether useful allometric rela- fluorographic chest x-ray examinations tionships relating lethal dose and body ranged from 1.0 to 1.4 mGy per exposure, size can be established. Comparative with an arithmetic mean of 1.2 and a stan- radiosensitivity is examined where the dard deviation of 0.2. Bone marrow doses mechanism of death is the same, and for the lumbar spine views ranged from across broader scales where the mecha- 0.21 mGy for the AP view to 0.5 mGy for nism of death varies. Various power law the lateral view. Mean and median cumu- fits to graphs of lethal dose vs. mass show lative bone marrow doses from work-relat- a clear increase of radiosensitivity with ed x-rays for each of the five sites ranged mass across a number of orders of mag- from 2.0 to 14 mGy and 2.1 to 8.8 mGy, nitude, but within an order of magnitude in respectively. Numerous factors con- mass it is difficult to make any useful pre- tributed to the uncertainty in bone marrow dictions. The conclusion of this preliminary dose calculations including lack of specif- investigation is that allometric relation- ic information for some examination ships can be useful in providing order of parameters and absence of medical magnitude estimates of radiosensitivity records for some subjects. Assumptions based on mass, but must be used careful- made regarding the site medical pro- ly and only as indicators of a general grams, time period of use of photofluoro- trend. graphic and lumbar spine x-rays at the P.55 Estimation of Work-Related sites, and examination frequency intro- Medical X-ray Dose for the Multi-Site duced significant uncertainty in the bone Leukemia Case Control Study marrow dose estimates relative to uncer- Anderson, J.L., Daniels R.D.; National tainty introduced by the imputation of Institute for Occupational Safety and examination parameters in dose calcula- Health (NIOSH) tions. Although many workers at nuclear P.56 Application Of Classical Versus facilities were required to have work-relat- Bayesian Statistical Methods To Online ed medical x-ray examinations, doses Radiological Monitoring Data from these examinations were not includ- Attardo, A., French, P.D., DeVol, T.A.; ed in official individual dose monitoring Clemson University, ADA Technologies, records. Some examinations, such as Inc. photofluorographic chest x-rays resulted The on-line monitoring for illicit in significant doses relative to the worker's radioactive material with a minimum cumulative external occupational radiation number of false positives is a critical dose. To reduce misclassification of dose need for homeland security. However, in a multi-site leukemia case-control study, statistical fluctuations in the detector 68 signal, low detection times, long source to detector distances, and shielding effects make distinguishing between a radiation source and natural back- ground particularly difficult. The pri- mary objectives of this work are to apply both Bayesian and classical sta- tistical process control chart techniques to the monitoring of radiological data and to then compare the Type I and Type II error incidence rates. Experimental radiological time series data was collected using a NaI(Tl) based gamma-ray dose and dose rate monitor (FH41P First Response, Thermo Electron, Santa Fe, NM) under various simulated conditions. Experimental parameters include radionuclide (gamma-ray energy), activity, density thickness (source to detector distance and shielding), time and temperature. All statistical algor! ithms were developed using Matlab version 7.1. The Shewhart, or three- sigma, control chart and the cumulative sum control chart are the classical pro- cedures adopted, while a Bayesian technique employed is the Shiryayev- Roberts control chart. Bayesian statis- tics provides a framework for monitor- ing unlike classical statistical proce- dures, and a comparison of the various methods will be presented.

69 Health Physics Society Author Index 2006 -A- BEEZHOLD, W., P.15 -C- ABELQUIST, E., PEP M1, BEITOLLAHI, M., P.1 CANUTO, G., P.36 WAM-A.1 BERMANN, F., TPM-B.2 CAPELLO, K., THAM-B.7 AL-HAJ, A., WAM-B.6, BERTON, G., P.36 CAPOTE FERRERA, E., WAM-B.7, WAM-B.9 BILLA, J., P.21 P.38 AL-HUMAIDAN, A., BIRKY, B., P.23 CARACAPPA, P., TPM-B.9, WAM-B.6 BLAKELY, W., TAM-C.8 P.31 ALLARD, D., CEL-3 BLAND, J., WAM-A.5 CARBAUGH, E.H., AL-MUGRABI, M., BLAYLOCK, D., WPM-A.2 MPM-B.1 THAM-B.12 BOERNER, A., THAM-C.4, CARDIS, E., TPM-B.2 ALSTON, A., THAM-B.9, THAM-C.5 CARTER, D., TPM-B.5 THAM-B.10 BOFORODZKI, G., P.41 CARTER, G., WPM-C.1 ALVAREZ, J., MPM-C.5, BOGUCARSKA, T., P.34 CASE, J.P., THAM-B.5 PEP W2 BOHAN, M.J., WAM-B.12 CASTRONOVO, JR, F., AMBROSI, P., WPM-A2.1 BOLCH, W., WPM-B2.1, WAM-B.8 AMIDI, J., P.1 WPM-B2.3, WPM- CEMBER, H., PEP 2F ANDERSEN, R., WAM-C.1 B2.4, P.4, P.23 CHANTZIANTONIU, K., ANDERSON, B., P.20 BONSALL, R. W., WAM-B.7 ANDERSON, E., P.7 WAM-C.4 CHAPEL, S., THAM-A.10 ANDERSON, J.L., P.55 BORTOLUZZI, S., P.36 CHAPMAN, J., PEP 2A, ANDRIAMBOLOLONA, R., BOWMAN, F.L., PL.4 THAM-C.4, THAM-C.5 P.35 BRESHEARS, D., TAM-A.6 CHEN, J., THAM-A.3, P.29 ANKRAH, M., P.18 BREY, R., P.3, P.7, P.15, CHITTAPORN, P., ANSARI, A., PEP T1 P.16, P.20, P.28, P.29 MPM-B.4 ANSPAUGH, L.R., BRILL, A., WPM-B2.5 CHRISTIAN, P., P.29 MPM-A.1 BRINDLE, J.M., WPM-B2.1 CLAVER, K., P.7 ANTONIO, C.L., MPM-B.1 BROADDUS, D., TAM-B.6 CLEMENT, R., P.12 ARGINELLI, D., P.36 BRONSON, F., TPM-C.1 COLLINGWOOD, B., ARIMOTO, R., TAM-A.9 BROWN, D., THAM-A.4 THAM-A.5 ARLT, R., THAM-B.6 BROWN, J., THAM-B.7 CONDRA, D., WAM-A.2 ARYASOV, P., WPM-C.8 BUCK, B., TAM-A.4 CONNELL, J., WPM-A.4 ATTARDO, A., P.56 BUCKWAY, B., P.29 CONRATH, S., MPM-A.5 AUSTIN, S., PEP 3F BUDDENBAUM, J., CORNETT, J., THAM-A.3 TAM-A.7 COSSAIRT, J., WAM-D.2 -B- BUMP, S., WAM-A.3 COX, M., PEP 1D, BAIRD, K., THAM-B.6 BURGER, J., TAM-A.2 PEP 2D, WPM-D.1, BAKER, S. I., WAM-D.5 BURGETT, E., WPM-A.2 WPM-D.7 BALLINGER, M., TAM-A.12 BURKETT, D., WPM-B1.1 CROUCH, G. P., TPM-A.5 BALZER, M., P.16 BURNS, R., TAM-A.7 CUMMINGS, F.M., P.6 BANZI, F.P., P.37 BUSHBERG, J.T., CUMMINGS, R., MPM-C.5 BARAT, K., TPM-A.7 THAM-B.5 BARYOUN, A., TAM-B.5 BUSH-GODDARD, S., -D- BAWEJA, A., THAM-A.3 THAM-A.1 DANIELS, R.D., P.55 BEAN, L.C., TPM-B.3 BUTTERFIELD, R., P.28 DAROIS, E., WPM-A.4 BEDNARZ, B., TPM-B.7, BYTWERK, D., MPM-A.4, DAUER, L., THAM-A.6 WPM-B1.3, P.24 P.54 DECICCO, J., P.30

70 DEHMEL, J., THAM-A.1 FIX, J., TPM-B.1, TPM-B.2 HANDY, M., TPM-A.8 DEKHTYAR, Y., P.34 FLACK, S., TAM-A.7 HANLON, J., TPM-A.6 DEVINE, R.T., WAM-D.3 FORREST, R., P.27 HARKER, Y., MPM-C.2 DeVOL, T.A., P.50, P.56 FRENCH, P.D., P.56 HARKNESS, B., WAM-B.11 DINGFELDER, M., FRESQUEZ, P. R., P.2 HARLEY, N., MPM-B.4 WPM-B2.2 FURLER, M., TPM-B.7, HASENAUER, D., DOAN, J., WAM-A.5 P.24 WPM-B2.4 DOBBINS, J., P.25 HAUCK, B., THAM-B.7 DOMOTOR, S., P.52 -G- HEGDE, A.G., P.45 DONNELLY, E., P.11, P.21 GABRIEL, F., THAM-B.6 HEIMBACH, C., P.12 DUA, S., MPM-A.3 GALLAGHAR, R., TAM-B.3 HEINMILLER, B., TPM-B.2, DUBEAU, J., TPM-B.6 GALLEGO, E., P.46, P.47 TPM-B.6 DUNKER, R., P.1, P.3, P.7 GARELICK, I., WAM-B.4 HEISERMAN, C., P.8 DURHAM, J.S., PEP M5, GAUL, W., WAM-A.5 HERNANDEZ, A.T., P.42, TPM-B.4 GEORGE, G., WPM-C.3 P.43 GEORGIEV, A., THAM-B.6 HERTEL, N., THAM-B.4, -E- GERSH, J.A., WPM-B2.2 WPM-A.2 EATON, T., WPM-C.2 GERVAIS, T., TAM-A.12 HESS, C.T., TAM-A.1, EBY, B., WPM-A.2 GESELL, T. F., TAM-A.8, TAM-A.3 ECKERMAN, K., MPM-B.7, P.15, P.16 HEVIA, R., MPM-A.3 P.30 GHIASSI-NEJAD, M., P.1 HIATT, J., WAM-C.5 EDWARDS, B., PEP 3B GIBBY, J., P.29 HICKEY, E., THAM-B.9, ELY, J., PEP M2, TAM-C.10 GILBERT, E.S., TPM-B.2 THAM-B.10 EMERY, B., PEP 1G, GOANS, R.E., TAM-C.8, HIGH, M., WPM-C.3 PEP 2G, PEP 3G CEL-7, THAM-B.3 HIGLEY, K., MPM-A.4, ESTES, B., P.14 GOCHFELD, M., TAM-A.2 P.53, P.54 EVDOKIMOFF, V.N., GODFREY, D., WAM-B.10 HODGDON, A., AAHP1 WPM-C.6 GOGOLAK, C., PEP 3H, HOELLRIEGL, V., WAM-A.6, AAHP3 MPM-B.6 -F- GONZALEZ, J.A., P.38 HOFFMAN, C., MPM-C.2 FALKENSTEIN, P., GORELOV, M. V., TPM-B.1 HOFFMAN, J., MPM-A.2, WPM-B1.2 GRANLUND, R., CEL-6 P.28 FALLAHIAN, N., P.11 GRIFFIN, J., THAM-B.13 HOOVER, M., WPM-D.7 FARFAN, E. B., P.3, P.11, GRIMM, J.P., AAHP2 HOSSEINIPANAH, S., P.39 P.17, P.18, P.19, P.21 GROBB, L., WPM-A.2 HOUGH, M.C., WPM-B2.1 FARVADIN, D., P.39 GROVES, K., PEP W4 HUDSON, F., WAM-C.4 FAUTH, D., P.22 GRUDBERG, P., WAM-D.3 HUNT, A., P.15, P.16 FAVRET, D., TAM-A.2, GRYSHENKO, V.G., HUSTON, A., WPM-B1.2 THAM-B.1 MPM-A.1 HUTCHINSON, J., FEDERLINE, M.V., PL.2 GUISEPPE, V.E., TAM-A.1 THAM-B.4 FEDKO, A., TAM-C.9 GULAK, L.O., MPM-A.1 HYLKO, J., PEP 1F FEDORENKO, Z.P., GUTTI, V., MPM-B.5 MPM-A.1 -I- FEELEY, R., TAM-A.3 -H- IQEILAN, N., WAM-B.7 FELLMAN, A., WAM-B.3 HACKER, C., TPM-B.2 FERGUSON, C., WAM-D.7 HAGENAUER, R., FINDLEY, W., P.22 MPM-C.1 FISCHHOFF, B., PL.1 HAMRICK, B., TAM-B.2 71 -J- KOSSON, D., TAM-A.2 McCONN, JR., R., JACKSON, A., WAM-B.11 KRAMER, G.. MPM-C.4, THAM-B.9 JENKINS, P., P.28, P.29 THAM-B.7, THAM-B.8 McCORD, S., P.20 JO, M., TPM-A.7 KRIEGER, K., THAM-C.3 McELHOE, B., TAM-A.11 JOHNSON, M., WPM-D.3, KROBL, K., TPM-B.4 McKAY, L., PEP 3A PEP W5 McLEAN, T.D., WAM-D.3 JOHNSON, R., PEP 1B -L- MERKLER, D., TAM-A.4 JOHNSON, R.H., PEP 1E, LA BONE, T., P.22 MILES, L.H., WAM-D.3 PEP 2E, WPM-C.5, LABRUYERE, A., MILLER, K. L., WAM-B.1 THAM-C.1 WAM-D.3 MILLER, L., WAM-B.2 JOHNSON, T., PEP 3D, LAGARDE, C., WAM-B.7 MILLER, R., WPM-B1.2 TPM-B.10, THAM-A.8, LANGEVIN, J.R., PL.3 MINNITI, R., P.51 P.8 LANGSTED, J., MPM-B.2 MOHAUPT, T., TPM-A.4 JOHNSTON, T.P., LANZA, J., THAM-B.14 MOIR, D., THAM-A.3 WPM-C.4, THAM-B.2 LEE, C., P.4 MONTALTO, M., P.36 JORDANOV, V.T., TPM-C.6 LEE, C., P.4, P.5 MOORE, E. F., WAM-D.5 JOSHI, M.L., P.45 LEE, M., WPM-C.7 MOORE, M., WPM-D.2 JUSTUS, B., WPM-B1.2 LESSES, E., WPM-D.6 MORGAN, T., TPM-A.1 LI, W., MPM-B.6 MORITZ, L., WAM-D.1 -K- LINSLEY, M. E., TPM-A.3 MORRIS, V., THAM-A.11 KAMBOJ, S., P.52 LIU, J., WAM-D.4 MORTON, J., TAM-A.4 KARAGIANNIS, H., LOBRIGUITO, A., MOSER, M., TPM-B.2 TPM-B.4, P.30 WAM-B.6, WAM-B.7, MOUSSA, H., MPM-B.7 KARAM, A., CEL-1, WAM-B.9 MOZZOR, M., WPM-C.3 PEP 1C, PEP 2B LOPEZ, S., TAM-C.7 MSAKI, P., P.37 KASPER, K., TPM-C.8 LORENTE, A., P.46, P.47 MUIKKU, M., MPM-B.6 KATHREN, R., TAM-C.1 LORIO, R., THAM-B.4 MUNRO, P., WAM-B.10 KEATON, H., THAM-B.14 LOYALKA, S., MPM-B.5 MURPHY, M., WPM-C.1 KEEFER, D., WPM-A.4 LUBENAU, J., THAM-C.2 MWAISELA, J., MPM-A.3 KEITH, L., MPM-C.5, LUCAS, A. C., TAM-C.6, WPM-A.3 THAM-C.4, THAM-C.5 -N- KEITH, S., AAHP3, LYNCH, T., TPM-C.7 NAEEM, S.F, MPM-C.3 PEP 1H NAGAOKA, T., P.5 KELLER, M.F., P.6 -M- NARDI, A., WAM-A.5 KELSEY, C., WAM-D.6 MACK, C., WPM-B2.7 NASHER, K., P.28 KEYSER, R., MPM-C.1 MAIELLO, M., WPM-D.7 NECHAEV, S., WPM-C.8 KHARASHVILI, G., P.15 MAJOROV, M., THAM-B.6 NGAZIMBI, R., P.3 KHYRUNENKO, L.I., MALOY, K., P.49 NGUYEN, G., WAM-B.10 MPM-A.1 MAMOON, A., WAM-B.2 NING, H., WPM-B1.2 KIELAR, K., WPM-B2.3 MANICKAM, V., P.29 NOCENTE, M., P., P.36 KIM, K., P.23 MARSHALL, M., TPM-B.2 NOSKOV, V., P.34 KING, S. H., WAM-B.1 MARTINEZ RICARDO, N., KIRK, J., THAM-A.2 P.38 -O- KNOWLES, T., MPM-A.3 MATISANE, L., P.40 O’CONNELL, T., MPM-C.5 KNOX, W., WPM-A.1, MATTHEWS II, K.L., OBERG, S., TPM-A.7 THAM-A.12, P.33 TPM-A.9 O’BRIEN, J., TAM-A.7 KNUTSEN, J., TAM-A.7 MAY, R., WAM-D.7 OEH, U., MPM-B.6 KNYAZEV, V. A., TPM-B.1 MAYHUGH, M., TPM-C.4 O’KELLEY, P., TAM-B.1 72 OLSHER, R.H., WAM-D.3 RIDONE, S., P.36 SIMPSON, D., TPM-A.2, OLSHVANGER, B., P.41 RIMA, S., TAM-C.2 P.14 OOSTENS, J., WAM-D.6 RING, J., TAM-B.4, SIMPSON, P., WPM-A.3 OROPESA, P., P.42, P.43 TPM-A.6 SIRISALEE MAGERS, T., OZCAN, I., P.17 ROBERSON, M., TPM-B.5 TPM-B.10 ROLLAND, R., P.35 SLOWEY, T., AAHP3 -P- ROLPH, J., WPM-C.1 SMITH, P., MPM-A.2 PALMER, T., P.49 ROMERO, L.L., WAM-D.3 SMITH, R. J., TAM-C.5 PAPASTEFANOU, C., RONEY, T., MPM-C.3 SMITH, R., WAM-B.2 MPM-B.3 ROTH, P., MPM-B.6 SOO HOO, M.S., AAHP2 PARDO, R. C., WAM-D.5 ROZSA, C., TPM-C.4 SOREEFAN, A.M., P.50 PARECE, M., WAM-C.4 RUHTER, P., P.20 STABIN, M., PEP 1A, PARKER, F., THAM-B.1 CEL-4, TAM-A.2, PASSO, JR., C.J., TPM-C.3 -S- WPM-B1.1, PATTON, P., P.26 SAJO, E., PEP W1, WPM-B2.5, THAM-B.1 PEARCE, M.S., TPM-B.2 WPM-D.5 STEIN, J., THAM-B.6 PELLETIER, J., PEP W3 SALONEN, L., MPM-B.6 STEWART, R., CEL-8 PERALES-MUNOZ, W.A., SAMEI, E., P.25 STRACCIA, F., TAM-C.7 P.47 SATTERWHITE, C., STROM, D., PEP 3E, PERLE, S., WPM-B1.2 TAM-A.8 THAM-B.9, THAM-B.10 PERNICKA, F., TPM-B.2 SAVARD, G., WAM-D.5 STRZELCZYK, J., P.13 PHILIPSON, J., TAM-C.9 SCHERPELZ, R. I., STURCHIO, G., P.27 PINDER, J., TAM-A.6 TPM-B.1 SWINTH, K., MPM-C.5, POLAND, D., PEP M3 SCHLEIPMAN, A., AAHP3, PEP 1H, POTTER, W. E., P.13 WAM-B.5, WAM-B.8 PEP 2H POWERS, C.W., TAM-A.2 SCHRENK, M., THAM-B.6 SWOBODA, M., THAM-B.6 PRASANNA, P., TAM-C.8 SCHUMACHER, R., PREVETTE, S., PEP M4, WAM-C.3 -T- PEP T4 SCHWAHN, S.O., PEP 1H, TABATADZE, G., P.26 PRIESTER, H., P.22 TPM-B.3, P.6 TACK, K., MPM-A.4 PUIG, D.E., P.44 SCHWEITZER, J., TAYLOR, M., WPM-B2.7 TPM-A.10 TEAM, E., TAM-A.9 -Q- SCOTT, R., THAM-A.9 TELIVALA, T., WAM-B.2 QUINN, B., THAM-A.6 SEGARS, W., WPM-B2.5 TEPLYAKOV, I., TPM-B.1 SELTZER, S., TPM-B.8 THIERRY-CHEF, I., -R- SERRA, R., P.42, P.43 TPM-B.2 RADEV, R., TPM-C.2 SHAH, A., WPM-B2.3, THOMPSON, A., P.12 RAFEH, W., WAM-B.6 WPM-B2.4 TIMILSINA, B., P.19 RAHOLA, T., MPM-B.6 SHAH, K., TPM-C.5 TITTEMORE, G., AAHP2 RAMANANDRAIBE, M.J., SHANNON, R., THAM-A.7 TOBUREN, L.H., P.35 SHERBINI, S., TPM-B.4, WPM-B2.2 RANDRIANTSIZAFY, R.D., P.30 TOMPKINS, J., THAM-B.11, P.35 SHI, C., WPM-B2.6 THAM-B.12 RAO, D.D., P.45 SHONKA, J.J., TAM-A.7, TOMPSON, R., MPM-B.5 REIF, R., WPM-C.9 TAM-C.4, WAM-A.4 TONCHEVA, G., WAM-B.10 REIMAN, R., P.25 SIMMONS, F., TAM-A.10 TOOHEY, D., PEP T3 RICHARDSON, R.L., SIMON, S., TPM-B.8 TOWNSEND, L., MPM-B.7 WAM-B.12 TRACY, B.L., THAM-A.3 73 TSYGANKOV, N., WPM-C.8 WOODS, S., THAM-A.4 TUTTLE, D., WPM-B2.7 WU, C., MPM-C.5, P.23 WU, D., TAM-A.5 -U- ULLRICH, R.L., TPM-B.10 -X- USHINO, T., WPM-B1.2 XU, X., TPM-B.7, TPM-B.9, UTTERBACK, D., TPM-B.2 WPM-B1.3, WPM-B2.6, P.24 -V- VANAVE, S.V., P.45 -Y- VAN CLEEF, D., PEP 2C, YANCH, J., AAHP1 PEP 3C YIN, F.-F., WAM-B.10 VARELA, C., P.42, P.43 YOO, S., WAM-B.10 VASILENKO, E. K., TPM-B.1 YOSHINO, M., WPM-B2.7 VEGA-CARRILLO, H.R., YOSHIZUMI, T., P.25, P.46, P.47, P.48 WAM-B.10 VEGRO, M., P.36 YOUNGBLUT, W., MPM-A.3 VENKATA, L., CEL-5 YU, C., P.52 VITKUS, T., WAM-A23 VOSS, T., WPM-D.4, -Z- WPM-D.6 ZAKARIA, M., P.34 VYLET, V., P.25, TAM-C.3 ZHANG, J., WPM-B2.6 ZIMBRICK, J., P.8 -W- WAHL, W., MPM-B.6 WALKER, L., WAM-D.4, WAM-D.6 WALSH, M., THAM-A.5 WANG, B., WPM-B1.3 WANG, Q., WAM-B.2 WANG, W.-H., TPM-A.9 WANG, Z., THAM-B.4 WANNIGMAN, D., WPM-D.4, WPM-D.6 WATCHMAN, C., WPM-B2.4 WELLS, D., MPM-C.2, MPM-C.3 WHICKER, J., TAM-A.6 WHITE, T., MPM-C.3 WHITMAN, R., CEL-2 WIDNER, T., TAM-A.7 WIGGERICH, B., THAM-B.6 WILLIAMSON, M., THAM-A.6 WOLF, A., THAM-B.6 WOOD, A., THAM-A.8 WOODS, M.J., P.43 74 Rhode Island Convention Center Floorplan

75 Westin Hotel Floorplans

76 Saturday, June 24 Monday, June 26 Tuesday, June 27 AAHP 1 Introduction to Practical CEL 1 The High Background CEL-3 The Lions, Rhinos and Monte Carlo Simulation for Health Radiation Area in Ramsar Iran Reactors of South Africa Physicists 7:00-8:00 am 551 7:00-8:00 am 551 8:00 am-5:00 pm Providence I/IV (W) CEL2 Radiation Safety for CEL-4 Internal Dose Issues in AAHP 2 Security Enhancement Security Based Applications: The Pregnancy for Radiological Facilities and U.S. Customs and Border 7:00-8:00 am Ballroom B Sealed Sources Protection Methodology TAM-A Variation of Dissolved 8:00 am-5:00 pm Providence II/III (W) 7:00-8:00 am Ballroom B Radon Concentration in Private Wells ABHP Exam - Part I AAHP 3 Lab Accreditation Pro- 8:30 am - Noon 551 gram and Technical Auditing 8:00 - 11:00 am Narragansett A (W) 8:00 am-5:00 pm Bristol/Kent (W) TAM-B Government Section Session PL1 Plenary Session 8:30 am-Noon Ballroom B 8:10 am-Noon Ballroom A Sunday, June 25 TAM-C AAHP Session Lunch in Exhibit Hall for all 8:30 am-Noon Ballroom D PEP 1-A thru 1-H Registrants and Opening of 8:00-10:00 am Historical Videos and Movies Exhibits 8:30 am-Noon 552 PEP 2-A thru 2-H Noon-1:30 pm Exhibit Hall Gov’t Section Business Mtg 10:30 am-12:30 pm PEP Program Noon Ballroom B PEP 3-A thru 3-H 12:15-2:15 pm AAHP Awards Luncheon 2:00-4:00 pm M1 Advanced MARSSIM Topics M2 Radiation Detection for Noon-2:15 pm Narragansett A (W) Welcome Reception Homeland Security, including PEP Program 6:00-7:00 pm Ballroom A, Detectors and Algorithms and Such 12:15-2:15 pm Convention Center M3 Developments in Radiation T1 Public Health Response to a Litigation Nuclear/Radiological Emergency All Events are in the M4 Red Bead Experiment T2 Shielding Design for PET and Convention Center or Westin PET/CT Clinics M5 Skin Dosimetry and Varskin 3 Hotel (W) T3 The Scientific Basis of Dose ABHP Exam - Part II Reconstruction 12:30-6:30 pm Narragansett A (W) T4 Leading wit Leading Indicators HPS Chapter Council T5 Uncertainty Assessment in 1:00-2:00 pm Ballroom D Atmospheric Dispersion Compu- tations Poster Session 1:30-3:30 pm Exhibit Hall TPM-A RSO Special Session 2:30-5:30 pm 551 MPM-A Risk Analysis 3:30-4:45 pm 551 TPM-B External Dosimetry 2:30-5:30 pm Ballroom B MPM-B Internal Dosimetry and Bioassay TPM-C AAHP Session 3:30-5:15 pm Ballroom B 2:30-5:15 pm Ballroom D MPM-C Instrumentation NESHAP Meeting 3:30-4:45 pm Ballroom D 2:30-5:00 pm 555B Historical Videos and Movies RSO Section Business Meeting 3:30-5:00 pm 552 5:30 pm 551 Historical Videos and Movies Student Reception 2:30-5:00 pm 552 5:30 - 6:30 pm Waterplace I (W) AAHP Business Meeting 5:15 pm Ballroom D HPS Awards Dinner & Reception 7:00-10:00 pm Ballroom A/B/C Wednesday, June 28 Thursday, June 29 Registration Hours CEL-5 A Review on Distribution of CEL7 Medical Triage and Mgmt of All Registration takes place at the Radiopharmaceuticals: Implications... Radiation Terrorism Events Rhode Island Convention Center 7:00-8:00 am 552 7:00-8:00 am 551 Saturday 2:00 - 5:00 pm CEL-6 SAXTON Nuclear Reactor CEL8 Induction, Repair and Biologi- Sunday 7:00 am - 7:00 pm Decommissioning cal Consequences of Clustered DNA Monday 8:00 am - 4:00 pm 7:00-8:00 am Ballroom B Lesions Tuesday 8:00 am - 4:00 pm Wednesday 8:00 am - 4:00 pm WAM-A Decommissioning Section 7:00-8:00 am Ballroom B Thursday 8:00 - 10:00 am Special Session THAM-A Regulatory/Legal Issues 8:45-11:15 am 552 8:30 am-Noon 551 Exhibit Hall Hours WAM-B Medical Health Physics THAM-B Homeland Security and Exhibit Hall 8:30 am - Noon Ballroom B Emergency Planning Monday Noon - 5:00 pm WAM-C Power Reactor Special 8:15 am-12:15 pm Ballroom B Tuesday 9:30 am - 5:00 pm Session THAM-C History Wednesday 9:30 am - Noon 8:30 am-Noon Ballroom D 8:15 am-12:15 pm Ballroom D WAM-D Accelerator Section Special Session 8:10 am-Noon 551 Decomm Section Bus Mtg 11:15 am 552 Medical HP Section Business Mtg Noon Ballroom B Power Reactor Business Mtg Noon Ballroom D Accelerator Section Business Mtg Noon 551 PEP Program 12:15-2:15 pm W1 ALARA for Radioactive MAM Monday AM Session Effluents: Regulatory History... MPM Monday PM Session W2 Detection, Measurement, and TAM Tuesday AM Session Decision TPM Tuesday PM Session W3 Principles of Physical WAM Wednesday AM Session Security for Radioactive Sources WPM Wednesday PM Session W4 RDD/IND Awareness Train- THAM Thursday AM Session ing for First Responders W5 New Homeland Security Instrument Performance Standards WPM-A Decommissioning 2:30-3:30 pm 551 WPM-A2 Special G. William Morgan Lecture Session 4:00-4:45 pm 551 WPM-B1 Medical Health Physics 2:30-3:15 pm Ballroom B WPM-B2 Dosimetric Modeling 3:30-5:15 pm Ballroom B WPM-C Operational Health Physics 2:30-5:15 pm Ballroom D Historical Videos and Movies 2:30-5:00 pm 552 HPS Business Meeting 5:20 pm Ballroom B Aerosol Measurements 6:00-8:00 pm Narragansett A (W)