-4 en :tJ ­ 0 m ."- en 0 0 ;;! ~ ~ Z ~ r- C ." ~ -en :tJ :I: en NORMAL SIZES IN AQUARIUM FISHES Measurements are determined by the distance from the anterior tip of the snout to the posterior end of the caudal peduncle. Sizes are given in centimeters (2.54 cm = 1"), are applicable to the largest sex and will be revised as more information becomes available.

ANABANTOIDS (Small anabantids are species up to and including Bcms. aquarium norm.) ANABAS HELOSTOMA A. testudineus ...... 25 H. temmincki...... 30 BELONTIA H. rudolfi ...... 30 B. hasselti ...... 22 PAROSPHRONEMUS B. signata...... 13 P. dreissneri ...... 3.5 BETTA SPAERICHTHYS B. bellica ...... 11 S. osphromenoides ...... 6 B. brederi ...... 8 TRICHOGASTER B. fasciata...... 10 T.leeri ...... 13 This material has been complied from several sources, arranged B. pictum...... 5 T. microlepis ...... 17 In alphabetical order for convenient use, and entered Into a B. pugnax...... 9 T. pectoralis...... 25 computer for ease of updating. If size information is available for B. smaragdina ...... :...... 6 T. trichopterus ...... 15 species with no size Indicated, please send a card listing species, B. splendens ...... 6 TRICHOPSIS size and source to: B. taeniata...... 8.5 T. pumilus ...... 3.5 COLISA T. vlttatus ...... 6.5 Graphic Specialties C. chuna...... 4 CTENOPOMA P.O. Box 214 C. fasciata...... 12 C. acutirostre...... 15 Norwalk, CT 06856 C. labiosa ...... 8 C. ansorgei ...... 7 C.lalia...... 6 C. argentoventer...... 25 CTENOPS C. congicum...... 8.5 C. nobilis ...... 10 C. fasciolatum ...... 8 C. kingsleyae ...... 25 MACROPODUS C. maculatus...... 10 M. chinensis...... 7 ©Copyright February, 1982 by the Northeast Council of Aquarium Societies, Inc. and C. multispinis...... 15 M. cupanus ...... 7.5 Graphic Specialties, Norwalk, CT. C. nanum...... 7.5 M.opercularis...... 9 C. nigropannosum...... 17 OSPHRONEMUS C. ocellatum...... 20 O. goramy...... 60 C.oxyrhynchus...... 10

BARBS BARBUS, BARBODES. CAPOETA. PUNTIUS (Small barbs are species up to and including 7.5 cm aquarium norm). B. ablabes B. bariloides...... 5.5 B. afer 7.5 B. binotatus ...... 16.5 B. altidorsalis 41 B. bowkeri ...... 18 B. anema 8 B. brookingi...... 10.5 B. anoplus 7.5 B.brucili ...... 15.5 B. argenteus 10.5 B. burgi ...... 5.5 B. arulius 12 B. callipterus...... 7.5 B. asper 10.5 B. camptcanthus...... 15.5 13 B. capensis ...... 28.5 Printed by ~ graphic Spedaftics B. aureus

Norwalk, Connecticul C. enoplus ...... 28.5 OXYGASTER B. cardozl ...... 52.5 B. paludinosus...... 7.5 HAMPALA O. anomalura ...... 6 B. chilotes ...... 22.5 B. pentazona pentazona...... 7.5 H.dispar...... 11 O. atpar...... 6 B. chola ...... 13 B. pentazona hexazona ...... 7.5 O.bacaila...... 18 B. codrlngtonl...... 44 B. pentazona kahaJanl...... 6 H. macrolepidota...... 40 O. oxygastroides ...... 20 B. conchonlus...... 10 B. phutunio ...... 6 lEPTOEBARBUS B. cookel ...... 28.5 B. pojeri ...... 21 l. hoveni!...... · 50 PUNTIOPLITES B. cumlngl...... 7 B. polylepis ...... 13 OSTEOCHllUS P. proctozyaron ...... 21 B. desertl...... 7.5 B. puckelli ...... 10 O. hasselti ...... 40 SCAPHOGNATHOPS B. dorsimaculatus...... 6 B. punctitaeniatus ...... 2.5 O. vittatus...... 26 S. stejnegeri ...... 41 B. dunckeri ...... 15 B. rogersi ...... 5.5 B. eburneensis...... 8 B. roloffi ...... 5 B. elephant is ...... B. roylii ...... 20 B. eutaenia...... 7.5 B. sachs i...... 7.5 CATFISH B. eutania...... 7.5 B. schuberti...... 7.5 ACANTHODORAS ANDERSONIA B. everettl...... 12.5 B. schwanenfeldl...... 36.5 A. cataphractus...... 15 A. leptura...... 5 B. fasclatus...... 13 B. sector ...... 13 B. fasciolatus ...... 6.5 A. chocolate U1 ...... 5 ARIUS B. semifasciolatus ...... 8 B. fIIamentosus ...... 13 A. splnoslssimus...... 15 A. seemani ...... 22.5 B. serra ...... 78.5 B. gambiensls ...... 10.5 A. spiny chocolate U2 ...... 10 ASPIDORAS B. serrula ...... 11.5 B.gellus ...... 9 ACENTROICHTHYS A. albater...... 4 B. somphongsi...... 10.5 B. gilchrlsti ...... 15.5 A. leptos ...... 11 A. brunneus...... 3 B. gourmansis ...... 2.5 B. spurelll...... 4 AGAMYXIS A. carvalhoe ...... 3 B. gurneyi ...... 10.5 B. stigma ...... 21 A. pectinifrons...... 16 A. eurycephalus...... 3.5 B. halei...... 10.5 B. stigmatopygus ...... 4 AGENEIOSUS A. fuscoguttatus ...... 4 B. hamilton i...... 7.5 B. stollczkanus ...... 7 A. brevi fills ...... 38 A.lakol...... 4.5 B. hemlpleurogramma ...... 5.5 B. sublineatus...... 5.5 B. holotaenia ...... 11 A. guianensis ...... 38 A. maculosus...... 4 B. swierstrae ...... 28.5 B. holubl...... 26 A. madeirensis...... 31 A. menezesi...... 4.5 B. terio...... 9 B. hulstaerti ...... 4 A. marmoratus ...... 38 A. pauciradiatus...... 3.5 B. tetrarupagus ...... 12 B.lnermls ...... 10.5 AGMUS A. poecllus ...... 4 B. tetrazona tetrazona ...... 7.5 B. kersteni ...... 7.5 A. Iyriformis ...... 10 A. ralmundi...... 3.5 B. klmberleyensls...... 34 B. tetrazona partipentazona ...... 7.5 A. scabrlceps...... 10 A. rochai ...... 4.5 B. klssiensls...... 2.5 B. ticto ...... 10.5 AKYSIS A. spllotus...... 3.5 B.lablalls ...... B. tlttaya...... 5 A. armatus ...... ·.. 4 A. vergulatus...... 4 B.lateristriga...... 21 B. trevalyani ...... 7.5 A. leucorhynchus ...... 4 ASPREDO B. leonensis ...... 4 B. trimaculatus...... 13 B. lepidus ...... 5.5 A. macronemus ...... 4 A. aspredo aspredo...... 25 B. trispilos...... 8 B. IIncomaculatus ...... 4 A. maculipinnls...... 4 A. platystachus cotylephorus...... 25 B. unitaeniatus ...... 7.5 B.llneatus ...... 10.5 ASTRODORAS B. usambara·e...... 5.5 AMBLYDORAS B. lineolatus...... 28 A. hancockii ...... 15 A. asterifrons ...... 11 B.llneomaculatus...... 5.5 B. usarambarae ...... 5.5 AMEIURUS AUCHENIPTERICHTHYS B.lobochilus...... 20 B. urostigma ...... 6.5 A.melas...... 42 A. catharinensis ...... 9 B.longicauda...... 5.5 B. victorlae...... 31 A. natalis ...... 35 A. galeatus ...... 25.5 B. lufukiensis ...... 11.5 B. viviparus ...... 8 A. nebulosus nebulosus...... 40 A.longimanus ...... 13,5 B. lukusiensis ...... 7 B. vitatus ...... 6.5 B. macinensis ...... 5.5 A. nebulosus marmoratus ...... 45 A. thoracatus ...... 13.5 B. vulneratus...... 7.5 B. macrurus ...... 7.5 AMPHILIUS AUCHENIPTERUS B. werneri ...... 10 B. marmoratus...... 6.5 A. platychir...... 13 A. nuchalis ...... 12.5 B. wohlerti ...... 3 B. marquensis...... 28.5 ANADORAS A. osteomystax...... 12.5 B. wurtzi ...... 10.3 B. melanampyx...... 7.5 A.grypus ...... 15 AUCHENOGLANIS B. zambesensis B. mentalis...... 26 A. regani ...... 15 A. ahli ...... 20.5 B. mfongosi...... 21 CAECOBARBUS A. weddellii ...... 15 A.occidentalis...... 50 B. microbabbis ...... 26 C. geertsi ...... 8 ANCISTRUS BAGRICHTHYS B. motabensis...... 9 CHELA A. currhosus ...... 14 A. riganensis...... 20.5 B. nasutas ...... C.laubuca ...... A. dolichopterus...... 15 B. hypselopterus ...... 30.5 B. nigeriensis ...... C. mouhoti...... 6 B. nigrofasciatus...... 6.5 A. hoplogenys...... 15 BAGARIUS CROSSOCHILUS B.occidentalis ...... 52.5 A. lineolatus ...... · 17 B. bagarius ...... 180 C.obiongus...... 16 B. oligogrammus ...... 5.5 A. temminckii...... 17 BAGRUS CYCLOCHEILICHTHYS B. oligolepls ...... 5.5 A. triradiatus ...... · 14 B.bayad 50 B.orphoides...... 30 C. apogon ...... 25 B. doc mac ...... 60 C. agasslzl...... 7 C. metae 6.5 DlANEMA BELONOGLANIS C. aeneus ...... 7.5 6.5 C. micracanthus ...... 5 D. longibarbis ...... 17 B. tenuis ...... 8.5 C. aeneus (albino)...... 7.5 6.5 C. microps...... 6.5 D. urostriata...... 17 BRACHYRHAMDIA C. agassizii...... 7 C. multimaculatus...... 6.5 DOUMEA B. imitator ...... 7.5 C. amapaensis...... 7 C. myersi 7 D. angolensis...... 15 BRACHYSYNODONTIS C. ambiacus ...... 6.5 C.nanus 4.5 D. typica ...... 15 B. batensoda ...... 17.5 C. amphibelus...... 6 C. narcissus ...... 6.5 DINOTOPTERUS BROCHIS C. arcuatus...... 5.5 C. nattereri 7 D. jacksoni ...... 70 B. splendens...... 14 C. auratus...... 6.5 C.octocirrus 6.5 DORAS B. multiradiatus...... 12 C. atropersonatus ...... 5 C.oiapoquensis 5.5 D. carinatus ...... 30 BROCHYLORICARIA C. aurofrenatus ...... 5.5 C.ornatus...... 6.5 D. micropoeus ...... 30 B. macrodon ...... 23 C. axelrodi ...... 5 C.orphnopterus 6 EREMOPHILUS BUNOCEPHALUS C. baderi...... 5 C.osteocarus 4.5 E. mutisii ...... 30 B. amaurus...... 12 C. barbatus ...... 10 C.ourastigma 6.5 ETROPIELLA B. bicolor ...... 15 C. blcolor ...... 4.5 C.o"yrhynchus ...... 7 E. buffei...... 8 B. colombianus ...... 13 C. bifasciatus ...... 5.5 C. paleatus...... 7 6.5 E. debauwi...... 8 B. coracoideus (bicolor)...... 13 C. blochi blochi...... 6' C. panda 5 EUCHILICHTHYS B. kneri ...... 12 C. blochi vittatus ...... 6 C. pastazencis orcesi...... 7 E. guentheri...... 17.5 B. rugosus...... 8 C. boesmani...... 4.5 C. pastazensis pastazensis 7 E. royauxi ...... 17.5 CALLICHTHYS C. bondi bondi ...... 5 C. pestai 6 EUTROPIUS C. callichthys...... 18 C. bondi coppenamensis...... 5 C. polystictus ...... 5 E. grenfelli...... 28 CENTROMOCHLUS C. caudimaculatus ...... 5 C. potaroensis 5.5 E. niloticus ...... 40 C. aulopygius...... 8 C. cervinus ...... 6.5 C. prionotus 6.5 FARLOWELLA C. heckeli...... 11 C.cochui ...... 4 C. pulcher ...... 5.5 F. acus...... 18 CHACA C. concolor...... 5.5 C. punctatus 6 F. curtirostra...... 11 C.chaca 20 C. condiscipulus...... 5.5 C. pygmaeus 4 3 F. gladiolus ...... 20.5 CHANNALLABES C. ehrhardli ...... 5 C. rabuati ...... 5.5 F. gracilis ...... 19 C. apus ...... 31 C. elegans ...... 5.5 C. reticulatus 6.5 F. schreitmuelleri ...... 20 CHILOGLANIS C. ellisae...... 6.5 C. reynoldsi 3.5 GAGATA C. brevibarbis...... 7.5 C. ephippifer ...... 5 C. robustus 7 G. schmldti...... 7 C. cameroonensis 7.5 C. eques ...... 5 C. sanchesi 4.5 GEPHYROGLANIS C.deckenii 7.5 C. evelynae...... 6.5 C. saramaccensis ...... 6 G. longinpinnis ...... 28 C.lukugae 7.5 C. flaveolus ...... 5.5 C. schultzei 6.5 GLANIDIUM C. modjensis ...... 7.5 C. fowler! ...... 5.5 C. schwartzi 7 G. albescens ...... 10 C. neumanni ...... 7.5 C. garbei...... 5 C. semiaquilus ...... 7 G. catharinensis ...... 9 C. niloticus ...... 7.5 C. gossei ...... 5.5 C. septentrionalis ...... ,...... 6.5 G. leopardus ...... 11 C. pojeri 7.5 C. gracilis ...... 5 C. simulatus ...... 6.5 G. melanopterum ...... 15 CHRYSICHTHYS C. grafi...... 7 C. spilurus 6 G. piresi ...... 54 C. brevibarbis...... 44 C. grlseus ...... 5 C. steindachneri 5 G. riveiroi...... 10 C. furcatus ...... 28 C. guapore...... 5 C. sterbai ...... '...... 7 GOELDIELLA C. habereri ...... 25.5 C. guianensls...... 5 C. surinamensis ...... ,...... 7 G. eques ...... 22.5 C. nigrodigitatus ...... 28 C. habrosus...... 3.5 C. sychri ...... 5 GYLPTOTHORAX C.ornatus ...... 22.5 C. haraldschultzi ...... 7 C. treitli...... 7 G. kallopterus ...... 7.5 CLARIAS C. haslatus...... 3 2.5 C. trilineatus ...... ,...... 7 G. major ...... 12.5 C. angolensis...... 36 C. heteromorphus ...... 5.5 C. undulatus ...... '...... 7 G. platypogonoides...... 10 C. anguillaris...... 90 C.julii...... 6 C. weitzmani ...... ,.. 5.5 G. stocki ...... 10 C. batrachus ...... 90 C.latus...... 5 C. wotroi ...... 6 GYMNALLABES C. dumerili ...... 17.5 C. leopardus...... 6.5 C. xinguensis ...... '...... 5 G. typus...... 25 C. gariepinus...... 61 C. leucomelas ...... 5.5 C. zygatus ...... 7 HASSAR C.lazera ...... 120 C. macropterus...... 7 H. notospilus ...... 7.5 C. mossambicus...... 90 C. maculifer ...... 6.5 DASYLORICARIA H.orestis ...... 17.5 C. platycephalus ...... 40.5 C. melanistius brevirostris ...... 5.5 D. filamentosa 25.5 HELOGENES CORYDORAS C. melanistius melanistius ...... 6 DELTURUS H. marmoratus...... 10 C. acrensis ...... 5.5 C. melanotaenia ...... 7 D. angulicauda ...... 20.5 HEMIANCISTRUS C. acutus...... 7 C. melini ...... 4.5 D. parahybae ...... 20.5 H. nicefordi ...... 23 H. vittatus...... 20 L. siamensis...... 17 O. pabda...... 140 PIMELODELLA HEMISORUBIM L. stenomus ...... 10 OPSODORAS P. cristata (group)...... 20 H. platyrhynchos ...... 35.5 LEPTOGLANIS O. humeralis ...... 12.5 P. gracilis ...... 18 HEMISYNODONTIS L. brevis...... 5 O.leporhinus ...... 10 P. lateristriga ...... 20 H. membranaceus ...... 35.5 LlOSOMODORAS O. stubelti...... 11.5 P. pictus ...... 12 HEPTAPTERUS L. oncinus ...... 17.5 O. ternetzi...... 13 P. vittata ...... 9 H. bleekeri ...... 15 LOPHIOBAGRUS ORINOCODORAS PIMELODUS H. mustellnus ...... 15 L. cyclurus...... 10 O. elgenmanni ...... 17.5 P. albofasciatus (group) ...... 2.5 H. ornaticeps ...... 20 LORICARIA PANAQUE P. maculatus (group) ...... 3.5 HETEROBAGRUS L. apeltogaster ...... 20.5 P. nigrolineatus ...... 31 P.ornatus...... 2.5 H. oboccourti ...... 18 L. cataphracta ...... 30.5 P. species...... 31 P. clarias (blocki) ...... 30 HETEROBRANCHUS L. filamentosa...... 25 P. suttoni ...... 25.5 PINIRAMPUS H.longifilus ...... 100 L lanceolata ...... 13 PANGASIUS P. plrlnampu...... 50 HETEROPNEUSTES L microlepidogaster...... 10 P. micronemus...... 55 PLATYDORAS H. fossilis ...... 70 L parva...... 12 P. sutchi ...... 45 P. costatus ...... 17.5 HOMODIATETUS L simillima...... 18 PARAILIA PLATYSTACHUS H. maculatus ...... 10 MALAPTERURUS P. longifilis ...... 10 P. cotylephorus ...... 25 HOPLOSTERNUM M. electric us ...... 65 PARAPHRACTURA PLATYSTOMATICHTHYS H. littorale ...... 22 MEGALODORAS P. tenuicauda...... 9.5 P. sturlo ...... 30 H. pectorale ...... 8.5 M. Irwlni ...... 45 PARAUCHENOGLANIS PLATYTROPIUS H. thoracatum...... 20 MICROGLANIS P. macrostoma ...... 26 P. slamensis ...... 20 HYPODORAS M. ater ...... 10 PARAUCHENIPTERUS PLOTOSUS H. forficulatus ...... 15 M. iherlngi ...... 8.5 P. fisheri ...... :...... 25.5 P. anguillaris...... 25 HYPOPTOPOMA M. parahybae ...... 7.5 P. galeatus ...... 25.5 P. IIneatus ...... 30 H. gulare...... 3.5 M. pellopterygius ...... 8.5 P. striatulus ...... 25.5 PSEUDACANTHICUS H. inexpectatum...... 6.5 M. poecilus...... 7.5 PAROTOCINCLUS P.leopardus...... 18 HYPOSTOMUS M. secundus ...... 7.5 P. amazonensis ...... 4 PSEUDANCISTRUS H. albopunctatus ...... 20 M. variegatus ...... 7.5 P. bahiensis ...... 4 P. barbatus...... 17 H. bolivianus ...... :...... 17 M. zonatus...... 7.5 P. britskii ...... 4 PSEUDAUCHENIPTERUS H. commersoni ...... 40 MOCHOKIELLA P. cearensis ...... ,...... 4.5 P. nodosus ...... 25.5 H. emarginatus ...... 35.5 M. payne!...... 8 P. cesarpinto...... 4.5 PSEUDOBOERAS H. margeritifer ...... 20 MYSTUS P. cristatus...... 4 P. niger ...... 3 f1. H. plecostomus ...... 61 M. docmac ...... 60 P. doceanus ...... 4 PSEUDOHEMIODON H. punctatus ...... 30.5 M.gulio...... 30 P.jimi...... 4 P. lamina ...... 18 H. rachovii ...... 20.5 M. micracanthus ...... 10 P. macullcauda...... 4.5 P. laticeps ...... 29 H. watwata ...... 35.5 M. nemurus ...... 50 P. minutus...... 4 PSEUDOPIMELODUS ICTALURUS M. tengera ...... 21 P. spilosoma ...... 4 P. acanthochira ...... 15 I. catus...... 40 M. vittatus ...... 21 P. spilurus ...... 4 P. apurensis ...... 40 I. iacustris ...... 150 M. wyckii ...... 50 P. steindachneri ...... 4 P. fowleri ...... 40 I. melas...... 40 NOTURUS PECKOLTIA P. nigricauda...... 18 I. natal is...... 40 N. flavus 20 P. pulcher ...... 6.5 P. raninus ...... 25 I. nebulosus marmoratus ...... 40 N. gyrinus ...... 20 PERRUNICHTHYS P. raninus raninus ...... 10 I. nebulosus nebulosus ...... 40 N. insignis 20 P. perruno...... 5.6 P. raninus villosus...... 18 I. punctatus...... 110 N. miurus ...... 20 P. vittata...... 10 P. transmontanus...... 18 ISORIN ELO RICARIA OCTOCINCLUS PHRACTOCEPHALUS P. zungaro bufonias ...... 18 I. festae ...... 25.5 O. affinis...... 5.5 P. hemlliopterus ...... 93 P. zungaro mangurus...... 18 KRYPTOPTERUS O. arnoldi...... 8 PHRACTURA P. zungaro zungaro ...... 18 K. bicirrhis...... 14 O. flexilis ...... 6 P. ansorgel...... 13 PSEU DOPLATYSTOMA K. bicirrhus...... 9 O. maculicauda 6 P.lntermedia...... 9 P. fasciatum...... 90 K. macrocephalus ...... 15 O. maculiplnnis 4 P.lindlca ...... 9 PTERODORAS LEIARIUS O. nigrlcauda 5 PHYLLONEMUS P. granulosus...... 45 L. marmoratus ...... 56 O. paul Inus ...... 4 P. filinemus...... 10 P.lentiginosus ...... 30.5 L. pictus...... 56 O. vlttatus ...... 6 P. typus...... 10 PTERYGOPLICHTHYS LEIOCASSIA OMPOK PHYSAILIA P. aniSitsi ...... 40 L. poecilopterus ...... 18 O. bimaculatus 45 P. pellucida...... 10 P. gibbiceps ...... 30.5 P. multiradiatus ...... 35.5 STONEIELLA CHARACINS PYGIDIUM S.leopardus...... 17 (Small characins are species up to and P. itatiayae...... 15 STURISOMA including 7.5 cms aquarium norm unless PYLODICTIS S. barbatum ...... 25.5 split into three categories when P.olivaris...... 100 S. panamense ...... 25.5 small = 5 ems medium = 12 ems large = over 12 cms RHAMDIA TANDANUS R. quelen ...... 30 T. bostocki ...... 50 ABRAMITES CARNEGIELLA R. queleni ...... 35 T. tandanus...... 90 A. microcephalus ...... 13 C. marthae ...... 3.5 R. sapo ...... 40 TATIA A. hypselonotus ...... 13 C. strigata ...... 5 R. sebae...... 30 T. attae ...... 7.5 ACESTRORHAMPUS C. vesca...... 7.5 RHINODORAS T. aulopygia ...... 7.5 A. hepsetus ...... 20 CATOPRION R. d·orbignyi ...... 17.5 T. brunnea ...... 10 ACESTRORHYNCHUS C. mento...... 10 RHINELEPIS A. cacharo...... 30 T. concolor ...... 7.5 CHALCEUS R. aspera ...... 18 A. microlepis...... 30 T. creutzbergi ...... 7.5 C. macrolepidotus...... 30 RICOLA T. galaxias...... 10 ACUTICURIMATA CHALCINUS R. macrops...... 23 T. gyrina...... 7.5 A. macrops...... 12 C. elongatus...... 20 RINELORICARIA T. intermedia...... 12 ALESTES (Bryclnus) R. fallax ...... :...... 20.5 T. neivai ...... 10 Achaperi...... 9 CHARACIDIUM R. hasemani...... 15 T. perugiae ...... 7.5 A.longipinnis...... 13 C. fasciatum ...... 10 R. heteroptera ...... 12.5 T. punctata...... 7.5 A. macrophthalmus ...... 45 C. rachovi ...... 7 R. lanceolata...... 12.5 T. reticulata...... 7.5 A. nurse...... 25 CHARAX R.lima...... 15 T. schultzi...... 10 A. taeniurus ...... 10 C. gibbosus...... 15 R. microlepidogasta...... 9.5 T. simplex...... 7.5 ALESTOPETERSIUS CHEIRODON R. parva ...... 12.5 TRACHELYICHTHYS A. caudialis...... 7.5 C. arnoldi...... 7 SCHILBE T. decaradiatus...... 6.5 ANOPTICHTHYS C. axelrodi ...... 5 S. marmoratus ...... 18 TRACHELYOPTERICHTHYS A.jordani...... 12 C. interruptus...... 6 S. mystus ...... 35 T. taeniatus...... 18 ANOSTOMUS C. kriegi ...... 5 SCHILBEODES TRACHYCORYSTES A. anostomus ...... 17.5 C. leuciscus ...... 8 S. gyrinus ...... 18 T. obscurus ...... 30.5 A. fasciatus...... 40 C. melnkeni ...... 5 SILURICHTHYS T. striatulus...... 25 A. taeniata ...... ,...... 17 C. piaba...... 5 S.leucopodus...... 16 T. trachycorystes ...... 25.5 A. trimaculata...... 20 CHILODUS S. phaiosoma...... 12 TRACHYGLANIS APAREIODON C. punctatus ...... 9 SILUROIDES T. minutus ...... 6 A. pongoensis...... 5 CITHARINUS S. hypophthalmus ...... 35 TRICHOMYCTERUS APOCHARAX C. citharus...... 50 SILURUS T. itatiayae ...... 15 A alburnus...... 7 C. congicus ...... 45 S. aristotelis...... 46 TRIDENS A axelrodi ...... 2.5 C.latus...... 42 S. glanis ...... 3m T. brevis...... 3 A. dentatus ...... 12.5 COLOSSOMA SORUBIM A. erythurus ...... 6.5 C. pacu ...... 70 TRACHYCORYSTES A. nattereri ...... 5 COPEINA S.lima...... 60 T. striatulus...... 25 SORU BIMICHTHYS A. rubripinnis ...... 5.5 C. arnoldi...... 7.5 S. planiceps...... 2m VANDELLIA ARNOLDICHTHYS C. callolpis ...... 7.5 SPATULORICARIA V. cirrhosa...... 7 A. spilopterus ...... 10 C. eigenmanni...... 6 S. evansii ...... 20.5 WALLAGO ASTYANAX C. guttata ...... 15 SORUBIM W. attu...... 90 A. bimaculatus ...... 15 C. copella vilmae...... 6 S.lima XENOCARA A. fasciatus fasciatus...... 17 CORYNOPOMA . SORUBIMICHTHYS X. dolichoptera ...... 15 A. fasciatus jequitinhonhae...... 17 C. rUsei 7 S. planiceps 90 X. multispinis...... 12 A. fasciatus macrophthalmus CREAGRUTUS mexicanus ...... 9 C. beni 8.5 A. mutator ...... 5.5 CREATOCHANES A. poetzschkei ...... 10 C. affinis...... 12 A. ruberrimus ...... 12.5 C. caudomaculatus...... 13 AXELRODIA CRENUCHUS A. riesie ...... 2.5 C. spilurus...... 6 BRYCON CTENOBRYCON B. falcatus...... 25 C. spilurus...... 10 H. scholzei ...... MICRALESTES CURIMATOPSIS H. pulcher ...... 6 6 C. maculatus...... 6 H. rhodostomus ...... 5 H. serpae ...... 5 M. acutidens ...... 6.5 C. saladensia...... 6 H. rodwayi ...... 5.5 H. simulans ...... 3.5 M. hllgendorfl ...... 10 H. stegemannl ...... CURIMATUS H. ulreyi ...... 5 M. stormsl ...... 6.5 H. takasel ...... 3 C. argenteus ...... 15 H. unilineatus ...... 6 MICROBRYCON (boehlkea) H. tropis ...... C. latior ...... 20 H. vorderwinkleri ...... 4 M.cochui...... 6 C. mivarti ...... 20 HEMIODOPSIS I H.vllmae ...... 4.5 MIMAGONIATES DISTICHODUS H.goeldii ...... 15.2 IGUANODECTES M. barberl ...... 4.5 D. affinis ...... 12.5 H. sterni ...... 10 I. tenuls ...... 9 M. inaequalls ...... 4.5 D. altus...... 20 H. vorderwinkleri ...... 12.7 LADIGESIA M. mlcrolepls ...... 7 I L. roloff! ...... 4 MOENKHAUSIA D. antonil...... 55 HEMIODUS . D. atroventralls...... 42 H. gracilis ...... 16 LAEMOLYTA M. dichroura ...... 7.5 D. fasciolatus ...... 30.4 H. semltaenlatus ...... 20 I L. taenlata ...... 25 M. ollgolepsis ...... 12 D.lusosso ...... 40 HEPSETUS LARCRODON (hopllas) M. pittierl ...... 6 D. rostratus...... 60 H.odoe ...... 35 I L. tralra (malabarlcus) ...... 50 M. sanctae fllomenae ...... 7 D. sexfasclatus...... 30 HOLOBRYCON LARKIANA MYLOPLUS D. noboli...... 8 H. pesu ...... 10 .. LEBIASINA M. arnoldi ...... 18 EPHIPPICHARAX (Poptella) HOLLANDICHTHYS L. blmaculata ...... 20 M. asterlas ...... 15 M. schultze! ...... Elongipinnis...... 12 H. multifasciatus ...... 12 I L. intermedla ...... 15 20 E. orbicularis...... 12 HYDROCINUS LEPIDARCHUS MYLOSSOMA L. adonis ...... 4 M. argenteum ...... EPICYRTUS H. covlerl ...... 60 30 M. durlventrls ...... E. microlepis ...... 4.5 H. maculatus ...... 35 I LEPORINUS 30 ERYTHRINUS HYPHESSOBRYCON L. afflnls ...... 25 NANNAETHIOPS L. agassizi ...... 20 N. geisler! ...... 2.5 E. paradoxus ...... 12.5 H.agulha ...... 5 L. arcus ...... 25 N. trltaenlatus ...... EXODON H. bellottii ...... 2.5 4 L. fasclatus ...... 35 N. unltaenlatus ...... 6.5 E. paradoxus...... 15 H. bentosi ...... 6 L. leschenaultl ...... 25 NANNOSTOMUS GASTEROPELECUS H. blfasclatus ...... 6 L. maculatus ...... 10 N. anomalus ...... G.levis...... 8 H. call1stus bentosl 5 5 L. megalepis ...... 20 N. arlpirangensls ...... 4.5 G. maculatus ...... 9 H. call1stus callistus ...... 5 L. melanopleura ...... 30 N. beckfordl ...... 6.5 G. sternicla...... 6.5 H. callistus ...... 5 L. multlfasclatus ...... 45 N. bifasclatus ...... 6 GEPHYROCHARAX H. callistus copelandi ...... 5 L. strlatus ...... 25 N. marglnatus ...... 4 G. atracaudatus ...... 6 H. caliistus serpae ...... 5 LEPTAGONIATES N. trifasclatus ...... 6 G. caucanus...... 5.6 H.eos...... 4.5 L. stelndachnerl ...... 10 NEMATOBRYCON G. valencia ...... 5 H. erythrurus ...... 5 LEGALAMPHODUS N. amphlloxus ...... 7.5 GYMNOCORYMBUS H. flammeus 4.5 L megalopterus ...... 4 N. palmeri ...... G. ternetzi...... 7.5 H. georgettae ...... 2.5 6 L. sweglesl ...... 4 NEOBORUS G. ternetzi G.T.O...... 7.5 H. gracilis ...... 4.5 LUCIOCHARAX N. ornatus ...... 20 G. thayeri...... 7.5 H. griemi ...... 4 L. insculptus ...... 70 NEOLEBIAS HASEMANTA H. haraldschultzl 2.5 L. nlgrlp!nnls ...... 10 N. ansorgei ...... 3.5 H. marginata...... 4 H. herbertaxelrodi 5 N. landrafl ...... 3.5 H. melanura H. heterorhabdus 5 MACRO DON N. unlfasclatus ...... HEMIBRYCON H. hyanuri ...... M. traira (Hop lias malabaricus) ...... 61 4.5 OPISTHANODUS H. guppyi ...... 10 H. innesi (paracheirodon) 4 MARKIANA O. haertell ...... 4 H. taeniurus ...... 7 H.luetkeni 6.5 M. n!griplnnls ...... 10 PEDALISBRYCON H. tridens ...... 12.6 H. maculicauda 5 METYNNIS P. felipponei ...... 11.5 HEMIGRAMMUS H. metae ...... 4.5 M. an!surus ...... 12 PETERSIUS H. armstrongi...... 4.5 H. minimus ...... 2.5 M. Callchromus ...... 15 P.occidentalis ...... 6.5 H. caudovittatus...... 10 H. nigrifrons ...... 6 M. dungernl ...... 12 PETITELLA H. coeruleus...... 7.5 H.ornatus 4 M. heinrothl ...... 10 P. georglae ...... 7.5 H. erythrozonus or gracilis...... 5 H. peruvian us ...... 5 M. hypsauchen ...... 14 PHAGO H. hyanuary...... 3.7 H. pulchrlpinnis ...... 5 M. macalatus ...... 18 P. lorlcatus ...... 15 H. marginatus...... 8 H. reticulatus 6 M. roosevelt I ...... 14 P. maculatus ...... 20 H. nanus...... 5 H. roberti 5 M. schreitmuelleri ...... 15 PH ENACOGASTER H.ocellifer...... 5 H. rosaceus ...... 5 M. snethlageae ...... 12 P. suborbltalis ...... 7 H. proneki...... 5 H. rubrostigma ...... 9 PHENACOGRAMMUS P. nattereri ...... 5 A. potaroenis ...... 10 A. nyassae ...... 18 P. interruptus...... 12 P. nigrofasciata...... 6 A. pulcher ...... 17 A. rostrata ...... 18 PHOXINOPSIS P. rachoviana...... 5 A. rlvulatus ...... 23 AULONOCRANUS P. broccae ...... 2.5 P.laeta ...... 8 A. sapayensis ...... A. dewindti ...... P. typicus ...... 3 P.ovittata...... 7 A. subocularis ...... A.dewinoyi PIABUCUS P. spiota...... 7 A. tetramerus ...... 25 BAIODON P. dentatus...... 20 RACHOVISCUS A. thayeri ...... 12.5 BARONBIA PIARACTUS R. crassiceps ...... 4.5 A. vittata ...... B. maclarenia ...... P. nigripinnls...... 25 A. zanorensis ...... BATHYBATES ROEBOIDES POECILOBRYCON (nannostomus) A. latifrons ...... 15 < B. fasclatus ...... 33 P. auratus...... 5 R. guatemalensis ...... <...... 15 AMPHILOPHUS B. ferox ...... 30 P. digrammus...... 5 R. microlepis...... 10 APISTOGRAMMA B. graveri ...... 20 P.eques...... 5 SERRASALMUS A. agassizi...... 8 B. horni 24 P.espei...... 4 S. brandti...... 20 A. ambloplitoides ...... 10 B.leo ...... P. harrisoni...... 6 S. hollandi ...... 12.5 A.amoenum ...... B. minor ...... 16 P. ocellatus ...... 6 S. nattereii...... 30 A. aquipinnis ...... B. vittatus ...... P. unifasciatus ...... 6.5 S. niger ...... 50 A. borelli ...... 7.5 BATRACHOPS PRIONOBRAMA S. rhombeus...... 35 A. cacatuoides...... 7.5 B. cyanonotus ...... P. filigeri ...... 6.5 S. spilopleura...... 24 A. cummbrae...... 5.5 B. nemopterus ...... PRISTELLA STETHAPRION A. geisleri B. reticulatus ...... P. riddlei ...... 4.5 S. innesi...... 12 A. gibbiceps ...... BAYONIA PROCHILODUS TETRAGONOPTERUS A. haraldschultzi B. xenodonta ...... 9 P. amazzonensis ...... 36 T. chalceus...... 12 A. hoignei ...... : ...... 10 BIOTODOMA P. insignis ...... 35 THAYERIA A. klausewitzi ...... 5 B. cupido 14 P. taeniurus...... 30 T. boehlki...... 6 A.kleei ...... 6 BIOTOECUS PSEUDOCHALCEUS T. obliqua ...... 8 A. macilience ...... B. opercularis ...... 10 P. kyburzi...... 9 T. sanctae mariae...... 6 A.ornatipinnis...... 7 BOGGIANA PSEUDOCORYNOPAMA THORACOCHARAX A. ortmanni ...... 9 BOULENGEROCHROMIS P. doriae...... 8 T. eigenmanni ...... 12 A. parva B. microlepis ...... 70 P. heterandria ...... 9 T. securus...... 12 A. pertense...... 5 CALLOCHROMIS PTEROBRYCON T. stellatus ...... 7.5 A. pleurotaenia...... 7.5 C. macrops ...... P. landoni ...... 4.5 TRIPORTHEUS A. ramirezi ...... 5 C. pleurospilus P. myrnae ...... 4.5 T. elongatus ...... 20 A. reitzigi ...... 5 CARDIO PHARYNX PYGOCENTRUS T. pictus ...... A. rltense ...... C. schoutedeni ...... 15 P. calmoni 35 TYLOBRANCHUS A. rondoni ...... CHAETOBRANCHOPSIS P. piraya 35 T. maculosus ...... 15 A. steindachneri ...... 5 C. bitaeniatus ...... 12 PYRRHULINA TYTTOCHARAX A. sweglisi...... 6.5 C. flavescens P. brevis ...... '...... 9 T. madeirae 2 A. taenlatum ...... 7 CHAETOLABRUS A. trifasciatum...... 7 CHAETOSTOMA A. weisel...... 7 CHILOCHROMIS A. wickleri...... 7.5 CHILOTILAPIA CICHLIDS ARISTOCHROMIS C. rhoadesli ...... 22.5 ACARICHTHYS A. duopunctatus ...... A. chrystyi 20 CHROMICHTHYS A. heckelii...... 15 A. flavilabrus ...... ASPROTILAPIA CHROMI DOTILAPIA ACARONIA A. freniferus A.leptura ...... 13 C. guentheri ...... 10 A. nassa...... 20 A. geayi ...... ASTATOCHROMIS C. kinsleyae A. trimaculata...... 20 A. guianensis ...... ASTATOREOCHROMIS ACAROPSIS A. hercules ...... 10 A. alluaudi 20 CHUCO A.nassa...... 20 A. itanyi ...... 15 ASTATUTILAPIA C. axelrodi 20 AEQUIDENS A.latifrons ...... 15 A. callipterra C. manana ...... A. awani...... 13 A. mariae ...... 15 A. strigigena C. nilleri A. bimaculatum ...... 15 A. moronii...... 10 ASTRONOTUS CICHLA A. coeruleopunctatus A. metae A.ocellatus...... 33 C.ocellaris...... 60 A. curviceps ...... 8 A. paraguayensis ...... 8 AULONOCARA C.orinocoensis A. dorsigerus A. portalegrensis...... 25 A. machochir...... 17 C. temensis CICHLASOMA C. rostratum ...... C. moorei...... 18.5 H. atrltaenlatus 24 C. aceroldi ...... 20 C. salvin!...... 15 C. venusta H. auromarginatus ...... 24 C. adspersum ...... C. severum ...... 20 DICROSSUS H. avium C. affine ...... C. sexfasciatum DIPLOTAXODON H. balteatus 9 C. alfaroi ...... C. sieboldi D. argenteus ...... 40 H. barbarae C. altifrons C.synspilum DOCIMODUS H. bartoni 10 C. arnoldi ...... 13 C. spectabile...... 30 O. johnstoni...... 25 H. bayoni C. atromaculatum 30 C. spilotum...... ECTODUS H. beadlei C. aureum ...... 16 C. spilurum...... 15 E. descampsii ...... 9.5 H. beadlum...... ENANTIOPUS H. bloyetli C. autochthon 14 C. temporale ...... ~...... 20 C. beani C. tetracanthus...... 20 E. melanogenys ...... 13.5 H. boadzulu ...... 11 C. bimaculatum 20 C. trimaculatum...... E.ochrogenys...... 9.5 H.boops C. biocellatum 18 C. tuba ERETMODUS H. borleyi 13 C. caliolepsis C. umbriferum...... 48.5 E. cyanostictus...... 7 H. brownae ...... H. bullatus...... C. centrachus 20 C. urophthalmus...... 20 ETROPLUS C. champoponis CHILOTILAPIA E. maculatus...... 8 H. burtoni 15 C. cichlaurus...... C. rhoadesii...... 22.5 E. suratensis...... 40 H. caerulius...... 20 C. citrinellum 35 CLINODON GENYOCHROMIS H. callipterus H. carlottae ...... C. coryphaenoides 22 CNESTROSTOMA G. mento ...... 12.5 23 H. cavifrons ...... C. crassa 20 COPTODON GEOPHAGUS C. cutteri...... 12 COREMATODUS G. acuticeps...... 25 H. chilotes ...... C. cyanoguttata...... 30 C. shiranus...... 25 G. australe ...... 20 H. chlorochrous ...... C.dovii ...... 46 C. taeniatus ...... 20 G. balzanii ...... 18 H. chromogynus ...... C. dowri 45 CRENICARA G. brachyruus H. chrysogaster ...... 17.5 C.ellioti C. filamentosa ...... 10 G. brasiliensis...... 30 H. chrysonotus 16.5 C. erythraeum 35 C. maculata...... 10 G. cupido...... 13 H. cinctus ...... C. facetum...... 30 C. punctulata...... 10 G. daemon ...... H. cinereus ...... C. festivum 18 CRENICICHLA G. gynnogenys...... 21 H. compressiceps 23 C. fenestratum ...... 22 C. alta G. jurupari ...... 25 H. crassilabris 15 C. festae ...... 45 C. anthurus G. pellegrinii ...... 15 H. cronuS ...... C. friedrichsthalii 25 C. dorsocellata ...... 20 G. surinamensis ...... 24 H.cyaneus 19 C. gephyrum...... 20 C.geayi...... 20 G. thayer!...... 28 H. darling I...... 10 C. goodman!...... C.johanna ...... G.wavrinl ...... 11 H. decorus ...... 16 C. haitiensis ...... 14 C.lacustris ...... GEPHYROCHROMIS H. decticostoma ...... C. helanurum C. lepidota...... 20 G. laws!...... 13 H. dentex ...... 15 C. hellabrunni 30 C.lucius G. moorei...... 12 H. desfontainesii C. helierti ...... C.lugubris...... GOBIOCICHLA H. dlchrourus C. hyorhynchum C. macrophthalma GOBIOCROMIS H. dimidiatus 26.5 C. intermedium C. maculata...... G. tlnantl ...... 20 H. elegans C. kraussii 25 C. saxati lis (surnimensis) ...... 25 GRAMMATOTRIA H. empodisma 20 C. labiatum...... 40 C. sexatilis ...... 35 G.lemalpil H. epichorialis C. longimanus C. vittata...... G. lemairei...... 21 H. erlcotaenia 20 C. maculicauda 25 C. wallacei...... GYMNOGEOPHAGUS H. estor ...... C. managuense...... 35 CUNNINGTONIA HALISENES H. euchilus 22 C.meeki...... 15 C. longiventralis ...... 15 HAPLOCHROMIS H. eucinostomus 12.5 C. motaguense CYATHOCHROMIS H. ahll ...... 16 H. fenestratus ...... 12.5 C. myersi 25 C. obliquidens...... 15 H. aicdens ...... H. festivus 9 C. nicaraguense 25 CYATHOPHARYNX H. albertlanus H. flavimanus...... 12 C. nigrofasciatum 11 C. furcifer H. altlgenls ...... H. flavlpinnis...... C.oblongum 12 CYNOTILAPIA H. annectldens ...... 20 H. formosus 12.5 C. octofasciatum (biocellatum) ...... 20 C. H. apogonoldes H. fuscotaeniatus 22 C.ornatum 20 CYPHOTILAPIA H. arcanus...... H. fuscus H. fusifurmis C. pasionis C. frontosa 25 H. argenteus C. psitticum 25 CYRTOCARA H. argyrosoma ...... 14.5 H. gilberti C. ramsdeni...... 20 C. annectens ...... H. astatodon H. gowersi H. gracilis...... 21 H. mloto ...... 13.5 H. sauvagei ...... HEMIHAPLOCHROMIS H. granti ...... H. modest us...... 15 H. saxicola ...... H. multicolor ...... 10 H. graueri ...... 15 H. moffati ...... 10 H. selenurus ...... 16.5 H. philander ...... 15 H. graveri ...... H. mola...... 18 H. semipalatus ...... 18.5 HEMITILAPIA H. guentheri ...... 20 H. moorii...... 20 H. serenus...... 25 H. bayonl...... 9.5 H. griarti H. multicolor ...... 8 H. serranus ...... H. materfamilias...... 14 H. helichrous ...... H. nigritaenlatus ...... 20.5 H. serridens ...... H. xyrhynchus...... 20 H. heterodon...... 15 H. nitidus...... 14 H. simi lis ...... 17 HERICHTHVS H. heterotaenia...... 40 H. nkatae ...... 14.5 H. simpsoni ...... H. cyanoguttatus ...... 30 H. horgi ...... H. nototaenia...... 40 H. speciosus ...... 24.5 HEROTILAPIA H. humilior H. nubilus ...... H. spectabilis...... 25 H. multi spinosa ...... 12.5 H. incola ...... 19.5 H. nuchisquamulatus ...... 12.5 H. spekei ...... HERTILAPIA H. inornatus...... 9.5 H. nyanzae ...... H. sphaerodon ...... 11.5 H. multispinosa ...... H. insignis ...... 19.5 H.obesus ...... H. spilonotus ...... 16.5 HETEROCHROMIS H. intermedius ...... 21 H. obliquidens ...... H. spilopterus ...... 20 HETEROGRAMMA H. inventatus H. obtusus...... 22 H. spilorhynchus ...... 26 HETEROTILAPIA H. ishmaeli ...... 13 H.oculatus...... 26 H. squamulatus HOPLARCHUS H. jacksoni ...... 18.5 H. ornatus ...... 20 H. straeleni...... HOPLOTILAPIA H. johnston I ...... 17 H. orthagnathus ...... , ...... 19.5 H. strigatus ...... 22.5 H. retrodens ...... H. kirkii ...... 18 H. ovatus ...... 20 H. strigigena ...... 8 HVGROGONUS H. klwinge ...... 30 H. pachycephalus ...... H. subocularis ...... 16 HVPSOPHVRS H. labiatus...... H. pailldus ...... H. taeniolatus ...... 11.5 IODOCHROMIS (Iklotropheus) H. labidodon ...... 18 H. pappenheimi H. tetraspilus ...... · ...... 15.5 I. marleeri ...... 10 H. labifer...... 22 H. pardalis...... 19 H. tetrastlgman ...... 15 I. sprengeri ...... 10 H. lacrimosus ...... H. paraplagiostoma H. thuragnathus ...... JULIDOCHROMIS H.lateristriga...... 19.5 H. paraquiarti ...... H. triaenodon ...... 14.5 J.davldi ...... H. lepturus ...... 40 H. parvidena ...... H. trimaculatus...... 20 J. malieri...... 10 H. leuciscus ...... 14.5 H. paucidens ...... H. tryianthinus ...... J. ornatus ...... 8 H.llkomae...... 14 H. pectoralis ...... 10 H. urotaenia...... 22 J. regani...... 15 H.limax H. pellegrini...... 25 H. velifer ...... J. transcriptus ...... 7 H.lividus H. percoides...... 11 H. venator ...... LABEOTROPHEUS H. livingstonii...... 25 H. pharyngalis H. ventralis ...... L. fuellebornii...... 15 H.loati H. pharyngomylus ...... H. venustus ...... 22.5 L. trewavasae...... 10 H.lobochilus...... 10 H. phenochilus ...... 20 H. victorianus ...... LABIDOCHROMIS H.longimanus ...... 15 H. philander ...... 11 H. virgatus...... 14 L. coeruleums...... 8 H.longirostris...... H. pholidophorus ...... 10.5 H. virginalis...... 15 L. vellicans...... 7.5 H. macronathus ...... H. phytophagus ...... H. vittatus...... LAMPROLOGUS H. macrodon H. pictus ...... 12.5 H. welcommei ...... L. boulengeri ...... 6 H. marops ...... H. placadon...... 25 H. wingati...... 10 L. brevis...... 4.5 H. macrostoma...... 25 H. placodus ...... H. wittei ...... L. callipterus ...... 12.5 H. maculiceps ...... 29.5 H. plagiotaenia...... 11 H. woodl...... 25 L. calliurus ...... 5 H. maculipinna H. pleurospilus ...... 5.5 H. xenognathus ...... L. compressiceps ...... 14 H. magaiops ...... H. pieurostigma...... 20 H. xenastoma ...... L. congolensis ...... 10 H. mahagiensis H. pleurostingmoldes ...... 20 HAPLOTAXODON L. cunnlngtoni...... 19 H. malacophagus ...... H. pleurotaenla...... 20 H. microlepis...... 21 L. elongatus ...... 32 H. mandibularis H. polydon...... 30 H. multicolor ...... 8 L. fasciatus ...... 7 H. mandibularis ...... H. polysigma...... 23 H. tricoti ...... L. furcifer...... 12.5 H. marginatus ...... 16 H. prodromus ...... L. gunnintoni...... HEMIBATES H. martini H. prognanthus ...... L. hecqui...... 6 H. stenosoma H. maxillaris ...... H. prostoma ...... 11.5 L. kungweensis...... 5.5 H. melanonotus ...... 24 H. pseudopellegrini ...... HEMICHROMIS L. lemairii ...... 23 H. melanotaenia...... 18 H. purpurans ...... 17.5 H. blmaculatus ...... 15 L.leleupi ...... 10 H. mento ...... H. quadeimaculatus...... 20 H. faciatus ...... 30 L. lestardei ...... H. michaeli ...... H. rhoadesii...... 33 H. tersquamatus ...... L. macrolepis ...... H. microdon H. rostratus...... 20 H. voltae ...... L. marginatus...... 12 L. meeli ...... L. trilineata...... 13 O. ventralis ...... P. guentheri...... 16 L mocquard ...... L. variabllls ...... 17.5 ORTHOCHROMIS P. havei ...... L. mocquardl...... 6 LIMNOCHROMIS O. malagaraziensis ...... P. humilus ...... L modestus ...... 8.5 L. abeelii ...... OTOPHARYNX P. jentinki ...... 29 L. mondabu ...... 10.5 L. auritus ...... O. aoromarginatus ...... P. kingsleyae...... 15 L. moorli ...... 9.5 L. dhanisi...... O. selenurus ...... P. klugei...... 9 L. multifasciatus ...... 3.5 L. leptosoma...... 10 OXYLAPIA P. kribensls ...... 9 L. ornatipinnis ...... L. otostigma...... O.pulli ...... P. kribensis klugei ...... L. petrlcola ...... L permaxillaris...... 15 PARACARA P. lateralis ...... 28 L. pleurostigma ...... 15 L. pfefferi ...... PARACHROMIS P.loennbergi...... L. profundicola ...... L. staneri ...... PARALABIDOCHROMIS P. longirostris ...... 11.5 L. reticulatus...... 6 LlMNOTILAPIA P. victoriae ...... P. multidens...... 26 L savory I (brichardi)...... 10 L. dardennei ...... PARAPETENIA P. multiocellatus ...... 12 L. savori (elongtus) ...... L.loocki ...... PARATILAPIA P. nigrofasciatus...... 12 L. stapparsi ...... L. pleurotagnia ...... P.afra...... 9 P. ocellifer ...... 13 L. steindachneri...... 6 L. trematocephaia...... P. angusticeps...... 24 P. pellegrini ...... L. tetracanthus ...... 12 LlPOCHROMIS P. cerasogaster ...... 8 P. polylepis ...... 30 L. tretoc'ephalus ...... ;...... 14 LOBOCHILOTES P. demeusli ...... 13 P. regani ...... 16.5 L. toae...... L labiatus ...... 42 P.dorsalls ...... P. roloffi ...... L. tumbanus...... 7 MACROPLEURODUS P. frontosa ...... P. runeti ...... L. wauthlom ...... M. sicolor ...... P. gestri ...... 15 P. schoutedenl ...... L. wauthioni ...... MELANOCHROMIS P. longimanus...... 24 P. subocellatus...... 10 LEPIDOLAMPROLOGUS M. brevis...... 12 P.longiplnnls...... P. thomasi ...... 10 LEPTOCHROMIS M. labrosus ...... 5.5 P. macrocephala ...... 33 P. welwitschi ...... 12.5 L. call1urus ...... M. melanopterus ...... 15 P. modesta ...... 20 LEPTOTILAPIA PELVICACHROMIS M. perspicax ...... 8 P. nigrofasclatus ...... P. ansorgii ...... 12 L. tinanyl ...... M. sprengeri ...... P. parvldens ...... 15 LESTRADEA P. pulcher ...... 10 M. vermivorous ...... 10 P. pfefferi ...... 7.5 P. taeniatus...... 9.5 L. perslcax ...... MELANGENES P. polleni ...... 20 L. persicax (stappersl) ...... PERRISODUS MESONAUTA P. thumbergii ...... 35 LETHRINOPS P. bugeoni ...... MESOPS P. toddl...... 15 P. microlepis ...... 10 L. alba ...... 16.5 MICROGASTER P. vlUata...... 12 L. alta...... 16 MYLOCHROMIS PARATROPLUS PETENIA L. argentea ...... 17.5 NANDOPSIS P. daml!...... 17 P. krausii ...... L. aurltus ...... NANNACARA P. kleneri ...... P. myers!...... L. brevis ...... 16.5 N. anomola...... 8 P. maculatus ...... P. spectabilis ...... L. christyi ...... 18.5 N. blmaculata ...... P. petiti ...... P. splendida ...... L. cyrtonotus...... 11 N. taenia...... 5 P. polyactis ...... 16.5 PETROCHROMIS L. NANNOCHROMIS PELMATOCHROMIS P. andersonii...... 42 L. furcicauda...... 21 N. caudifasciatus ...... P. aquamaceps...... 10 P. famula ...... L. furcifer...... 19.5 N. dimldiatus ...... 10 P. angolensls ...... 11 P. fasciolatus ...... 17.5 L. forcifer...... N. nudiceps...... 7.5 P. annectens ...... 10 P. nyassae ...... 18.5 L. Intermedia...... 16 N. squamiceps...... P. ansorgll...... 10 P.orthognathus...... L. macracanthus ...... 20 NEETROPLUS P. arnoldi ...... 9 P. polyodon ...... 20 L. macrophthalmus...... 10 N. nematopus P. aureocephalus P. tanganicae...... 30 L. mlcrostoma...... 14.5 NECHROMIS P. batesll ...... P. trewavasae ...... L. latlceps...... 30 NEOTILAPIA P. boulengeri...... 14 PETROTILAPIA L. leptodon ...... 20 OPTHALMOTILIPIA P. buettikoferl...... 13 P. tridentiger ...... 25 L. lethrinus ...... 20 O. malagaraziensis P. camerunensls ...... PLATAXOIDES L. lithurus ...... 17 O. nasutus...... 20 P. caudifasciatus ...... 10.5 PLATYTAENIODUS L longimanus ...... 13.5 O. ventralis ...... P. congicus ...... 17.5 PLECODUS L.lunaris ...... 18.5 O. ventralis (heterdontus) ...... P. corball ...... P.elavia ...... L.oculata ...... 13.5 OPHTHALMOTILAPIA P. darllngi ...... 11 P. multidentatus ...... L. parvidens ...... 13 O. boops P. dimldlatus...... P. paradoxus...... 29 L. praeorbitalis ...... 30 O. stappersll P. exsul ...... P. straeleni ...... PSEUDOCRENILABRUS SIMOCHROMIS T. haugl...... 22 T. steinbachi ...... P. philander...... 20 S. babaulti ...... T. heudelotl...... 30 T. tanganicae...... 30 PSEUDOPERCIS S. curvifrons ...... T. hornorum ...... T. tholloni ...... 18 PSEUDOPLESIOPS S. diagramma 19.5 T. humitis...... 12 T. valcani ...... PSEUDOTROPHEUS SPATHODUS T. hunteri ...... 30 T. varlabills...... 32 P. auratus...... 10 S. erythrodon ...... 7 T. jallae...... 7.5 T. vorax...... 15 P. elegans...... 11 S. marlieri ...... 10 T.jlpe ...... T. woosnami...... 11 P. elongatus...... 15 STAPERSIA T. kacherbi ...... T.zilll...... 30 P. fuscoides ...... 9.5 S. singularis ...... 9 T. kafuensis ...... 36 TOMOCICHLA P. fuscus ...... 11 STEATOCRANUS T. karamo ...... TRACHYCORYSTES P. livingstoneii...... 15 S. casuarius ...... 11 T. karoege T. obscurus striatulas...... 25 P. lucerna ...... 13.5 STOMATEPIA T. karongae ...... 30 TREMATOCARA P. macrophthalmus ...... S. mariae ...... T. kottRe ...... 14 T. kufferathi ...... P. mlcrostoma ...... SYMPHYSODON 1 T. lemassoni T. marginatum ...... 6.5 P. minutus ...... 6.5 S. aequitasclata ...... 15 T. lepidura ...... 20 T. nigrifrons ...... 7.5 P. novemfasciatus ...... 9.5 S. aequitasciata (var) ...... 14 t T.leucosticta ...... T. unimaculatum ...... 12 P. tropheops ...... 10 S. aequifasciata axelrodi ...... 14 T.liddle...... 35 T. variabile ...... P. tropheops (gracillus) ...... S. discus ...... 20 T.lidole...... 35 TREMAT P. tropheops (minutus) ...... S. haraldi ...... 12 T.linnellli...... 20 T. capperti ...... P. tropheops (macrophthalmus) ...... 15 TANGANICODUS T.lombergeri ...... T. marginatum ...... P. williamsi ...... 16.5 T. irsacae ...... T. macrocephala...... 18 T. nifrifrons ...... P.zebra...... 15 TELEOGRAMMA T. macrochir ...... T. stigmaticum ...... PSEUDOTROPLUS T. brichardi ...... 10 T. maculifer ...... :...... TREMATOCRANUS PTEROPHYLLUM T. gracile ...... T. manyarae...... 12 T. auditor ...... 9.5 P. altum ...... 14x24 T. monogramma T. mariae ...... 25 T. brevlrostris...... 7 P. dumerllii ...... 10x20 TELMACHROMIS T. marlae (dubia) ...... T. microstoma...... 23 P. elmekel ...... 12x23 T. blfrenatus ...... T. meeki...... 18 TROPHEUS P. scalare ...... 15x26 T. burgeoni T. melanopleura...... 40 T. annectens ...... 8 PTYCHOCHROMIS T. canlnls ...... 18 T. monodi T. duboisii ...... 8 P.oligacanthus T. lestradei T. mortimeri...... 13.5 T. moorei ...... 15 PTYCHOCHROMOIDES THERAPS T. mossambica ...... 36 TYLOCHROMIS P. betsileanius ...... TILAPIA T. multifasciata ...... 14 T. laterialis ...... RETROCULUS T. alcalica ...... 5 T. natalensis ...... 33 T. bangwelensis RHAMPHOCHROMIS T. amphimelas 23 T. nigra ...... 25 T.mylodon R. brevis...... 40 T. andersonii 31 T. nilotica ...... 50 T. polylepis ...... R. esox...... 37 T. aurea ...... 30 T. nicolata (regani) ...... 50 UARU R. ferox ...... 43 T. auromarginata ...... 24 T.ovalis...... 10 U. amphiacanthoides...... 25 R. leptosoma...... 38 T. bilineata 18 T. panganlcae...... 30 U. imperialia ...... R. longiceps ...... 45 T. boulengeri 20 T. percivali...... 7.5 XENOCHROMIS R. lucius ...... 36 T. brevimanus 13 t T. philander ...... X. hecqui ...... 27 R. macrophthalums ...... 50 T. buttikoferi 21 T. rendelll ...... 12 , X. materfamilias R. woodi...... 42 T. cab rae 30 T. rukwaensis ...... X.ornatiplnnis...... 11 SARACA T. chrystyi ...... 18 T. saki ...... 33 SARGOCHROMIS T. crassa ...... 17 T. shlrana ...... 24 XENOTILAPIA S. codringtonl...... 19 T.dolloi ...... 15 T. shirana (chilwae) ...... 25 X. caudifasciata S. giardi ...... 21 T.dubia...... 8.5 T. sparrmani...... 19 X. malangenys...... 15 SAROTHERODON T. eduardiana ...... 18 T. spilurus (nigra) ...... X.ochrogenys ...... SATANOPERCA T. eisentrauti ...... T. squamippis ...... 35 X.sima...... 15 SCHOBOTZIA T. esculenya ...... S. eduardiana ...... T. fasclata 10.5 SERRANOCHROMIS T. galilaea ...... 40 S. angusticeps...... 35 T. girigan KILLIFISH S. macrocephalus ...... 40 T. grahami 6 APHANIUS S. robustus...... 50 T. guinasana 14 A. dispar ...... 8 A. mento 5 S. stappersi...... 41 T. guineensis 20 A. iberus 5 A. fasciatus ...... 6 A, sophiae ...... 5 A. weneri ...... 7 F. diaphanus ...... " ...... 10 PROCATOPUS APHYOSEMION APLOCHEILICHTHYS F. dispar dispar ...... :...... 6 P. aberrans ...... A. ahll ...... ·. 6 A. flavipinnis...... 3 F. dispar notti ...... 6 P. andreaseni ...... A. amieti ...... 6 A. katangae...... 4.5 F. grandls ...... 15 P. glaucicaudis...... 7.5 A. arnoldi ...... 6 A. loemensis ...... 5 F. heteroclitus ...... 12 P. gracilis ...... 6 A. australe...... 6 A. macrophthalmus ...... 3.5 F. majalis...... 15 P. nlgromarginatus ...... 10 A. australe hjersoni...... 6 A. myersi ...... 2.5 F. notatus ...... 8 P. nototaenia ...... 7 A. bamilakorum A. pumilus...... 4.5 F. scladicus ...... 9 P. plumosus...... 6 A. bivittatum ...... 6 A. schoelleri ...... 5 FUNDULOSOMA P. roseipinnis ...... A. bivittatum bitaeniatum ...... 6 A. spilauchen ...... 7 F. thierryl ...... 3 . P. simi lis ...... "...... 6 A. blvittatum hollyi ...... 5 APYOPLATYS JORDAN ELLA PSEUDEPIPLATYS A. bivittatum loennbergi ...... 6 A. duboisi ...... 3.5 J. florldae ...... 6 P. annulatus...... 3.8 A. bivittatum multicolor...... 6 CHRIOPEOPS LEPTOLUCANIA PTEROLEBIAS A. bualanum...... 5 C. goodei ...... 5 L. omnata ...... 3.5 P. bokmanni ...... A. calliurum...... 6 CUBANICHTHYS NOTHOBRANCHIUS P. elongatus ...... A. chrystyi ...... 5.5 C. cubensis ...... 3.8 N. furzeri ...... P.longipinnis...... 9 A. cinnamomeum ...... 5 CYPRINODON N. jubbijubbi ...... " ...... P. maculipinnls...... 10 A. cognatum ...... 5.5 C. nevadensis ...... 6 N. Kanolnei ...... P. peruensis ...... 7.5 A. exiguum ...... 5 A. varlegatus...... 7.5 N. guentheri ...... 7 P. zonatus ...... 7.5 A. fallax...... 6 CYNOLEBIAS N. gambiensis ...... 5 RACHOVIA A. fIIamentosum ...... 5 C. adloffl...... 5 N. kayuni ...... R. brevis ...... 6.5 A. gardneri (all species) ...... 7.5 C. alexandrll ...... N. kirkl ...... R. hummelincki ...... 7.5 A. gulare ...... 9 C. antenori ...... N. kiyawensis ...... :...... 5 P. splendens ...... 6.5 A. labarrei...... 5 C. bellotti...... 7 N. korthausae ...... 5 RIVULUS A. marmoratum...... 7.5 C. dolichopterus...... 3.8 N. microlepis ...... 5 R. agilae ...... 5 A. melnkeni ...... 5 C. elogatus...... 15 N. mkuziensis ...... R. amphorius ...... " ...... A. melanopteron ...... 5 C. ladlges! ...... "...... 3.5 N. melanospilus ...... 8 R. breviceps ...... A. mirablle mirablle...... 6 C. melanotaenia ...... 5 N. neumanni ...... 3.5 R. cylindracus ...... A. mirabile traudeae...... 7.5 C. Myersi ...... 12.5 N.orthonotus...... 7 R. dorni ...... 6 A. ndlananum ...... 9 C. nigrippinis ...... 5 N. palmqulsti ...... ,...... 7 R. elegans ...... A.obscurum...... 3.5 C. transillis...... 7.5 N. patrizi ...... 4 R. geayi ...... A. pascheni...... 6 C. whitei ...... 12.5 N. rachovi ...... 5 R. godlmnni ...... A. petseri...... 7.5 C. wolterstorffi ...... 10 N. sansibar ...... R. harti ...... 10 A. puerlzl ...... 7 EPIPLATYS N. steinforti ...... R. holmiae ...... 10 A. rlggenbach! ...... 10 E. blaframus ...... N. tubroeticuiatus ...... 5 R. isphmensis ...... A. rubrolabiale ...... 5 E. blfasciatus...... 5 N. taenlopygus .... " ...... 5 R. magdaleanae ...... 10 A. scheeli...... 5.5 E. chaperi ...... 8 N. vibroplani...... R. marmoratus ...... A. schoutedeni ...... 4.5 E. chevalieri ...... 7 ORYZIAS R. micropus ...... A. seymouri ...... 3.8 E. dageti dageti ...... 7 O. celebensis ...... 5 R. miles!...... 10 A. sjoestedtl ...... 12.5 E. dageti monrovia ...... 5.5 O. curvinotus R. ornatus ...... 6 A. striatum ...... 6 E. esekanus...... 4 O. javanicus 4 R. oceilatus ...... 7 A. striatum microphtalmum ...... 5.5 E. fasciolatus...... 10 O.luzonensis 4 R. pervanus ...... 6 A. striatum ogoensls...... 5 E. grahami...... 6 O.latipes ...... 4 R. punctatus ...... A. striatum stratum...... 5 E.lamottei...... 7 O. marmoratus ...... R. santensis 7 A. walkeri...... 8 E.longiventralis...... 6 O. mathenensis R. strlgatus ...... 5 A. vexillifer ...... 5.5 E. macrostlgma ...... 6 O. melanstigma 5 R. tenuls 7.5 A. batesi ...... 9 E. nigromarginatus ...... 7 O. minutillus R. urophthalmus ...... 6 A. cameronensis ...... 6 E.olbrechtsi ...... " 10 O. timorensls R. xanthonotus ...... 6 A. celiae...... 7.5 E. sexfasciatus...... 10 PACHYPANCHAX R. xlphidius ...... A. elegans ...... 3.8 E. sheljuzhkoi ...... 6 P. homolonotus 10 ROLOFFIA APLOCHEILUS E. spilargyreius...... 5.5 P. playfairi 10 R. bertholdi ...... 5 A. blocki ...... 5 FUNDULUS POROPANCHAX R. brueningl ...... 5 A. dayi...... 7.5 F. catenatus...... 20 P. macrophthalmus ...... R. chaytori ...... 5 A. lineatus ...... 10 F. chrysotus...... 7.5 P. normanni ...... 5.5 R. etzeli ...... A. panchax ...... 7.5 F. confluentus ...... 7 P. rancurelli ...... R. geryi ...... 6 R guineensis ...... 10 R.occidentalis ...... 9 G. yucatana ...... 5.5 7.5 P. catemaconis ...... R hastingsi ...... 5 R petersi ...... 6 GIRARDINUS P. (MoL) caucana ...... 3.5 5 5 R.Huwaldi ...... R roloffi ...... G. creolus ...... 4 7 P. (Lim.) caudofasciata ...... 5 6.5 R schmitti ...... R. jeanpoli ...... G. cubensis ...... 2.5 4 P. chica ...... 5 7 R toddi ...... 9 Rliberiensis ...... 5 G. denticulatus ...... 3.5 6 P. (Lim.) dominicensis ...... 4 6 5 R.maeseni ...... 5 R. viridis ...... G. falcatus ...... 6 8 P. (MoL) elegans ...... 4 6 R melanteron ...... SIMPSONICHTHYS G. metallicus ...... 5 8 P. (Mol.)formosa (females only) 8 2.5 R.milesi ...... S. bOitonei ...... G. microdactylus ...... 3.5 5 P. (Pamphorichthys) hasemani. 2 2 R monroviae ...... 9 VALENCIA G. serripenis ...... 3.5 6.5 P. (Lim.) heterandria ...... 2.5 4.5 5.5 R muelleri ...... V. hispanica ...... 8 G. uninotatus ...... 5 8 P. (Lim.) hollandi ...... 2.5 4 P. (Mol.) latipinna ...... 9 10 GIRARDINICHTHYS P. latipunctata ...... 7 G. vivipara ...... 4 8 6 LIVEBEARERS P. (Lim.) melanogaster ...... 4 6.5 ALFARO M F DERMOGENYS GOODEA P. (Lim.) melanonotata ...... 4 6 A. cultratus ...... 9 10 D. poponognathus ...... 6 9 G. atripinnis ...... 8.5 13 P. (Micro.) meianzona ...... 5.5 7 A. huber! ...... 8 10 D. pusillus ...... 7 9 G. gracilis ...... 9 10 P. (Pamphorichthys) minor ..... 1.7 2 ALLODONTICHTHYS D. sumatran us ...... 6 7 G. luitpoldi ...... P. Montana ...... 4 6 A. hubbsi ...... GAMBUSIA HETERANDRIA P. (Lim.) nicholsi ...... 4.5 5.5 A. tamazulae ...... 9 10 G. aestiputius ...... 2.5 3 H. bimaculata...... 5 9 P. (Lim.) nigrofasciata ...... 4.5 6 A. zonistius ...... G. affinis affinis ...... 3.5 6.5 H. formosa ...... 2 3 P. (Lim.) ornata ...... 3.5 6 ALLOOPHORUS G. affinis Holbrooki ...... 3.5 8 H.jonesi ...... P. (Micro.) parae ...... 2.5 3 A. robustus ...... 18 20 G. atrora ...... 3 4 HYSTEROCARPUS P. (Lim.) peruglae ...... 3 5 ALLOTOCA G. aurata ...... H. traski ...... 15 15 P. (Mol.) petensis ...... 13 11 A. dugesi ...... 5 7 G. baracoana ...... 3 4 ILYODON P. plcta ...... 2.5 5 A. maculata ...... 5 7 G. beebei ...... 5 9 I. furcidens ...... 10 12 P. reticulata ...... 3 6 AMECA G. bucheri ...... 3.5 5.5 I. white! ...... P. scalpridens ...... 2 5 A. splendens ...... 10 10 G. caymanensis ...... 2.5 3 I. xantusi ...... 10 12 P. (MoL) sphenops ...... 8 12 ANABLEPS G. domlnicensls ...... 3.5 6 JENYNSIA P. (MoL) sulphuraria ...... 3 3.5 A. anableps ...... 25 25 G. echeagarayi ...... 3 4 J.llneata ...... 4 12 P. (MoL) velifera ...... 12 14 A.dovil ...... 24 24 G. gaigei ...... 2.5 4 LERMICHTHYS P. (Lim.) versicolor ...... 4 6.5 A. mlcrolepls ...... 27 27 G. geiserl ...... L multiradiatus ...... 6 6 P. (Lim.) vittata ...... 6 10 ATAENIOBIUS G. georgei ...... 2 4 NEOHETERANDRIA P. vivlpara ...... 5 7.5 A. towerl ...... 8 8 G. gracilior ...... 4 5.5 N.cana...... 2.5 4 P. zonata ...... 3.5 4.5 BELONESOX G. heterochir ...... 2.5 4.5 N. elegans ...... 1.5 2 POECILIOPSIS B. belizanus ...... 10 20 G. howell I ...... 3.5 5.5 N. trldentiger ...... 3 5 P. balsas ...... 3 4.5 BRACHYRAPHIS G. krumholzi ...... N. umbratills ...... 5 6.5 P. elongatus ...... 6 15 B. cascajalensis ...... 4.5 6.5 G. lemaitrei ...... 3.5 4 NOMORAMPHUS P. fasciatus ...... B. episcopi ...... 3 5 G.longiplnnis ...... 2.5 4 N. celebensis ...... 5 8 P. gracilis ...... 3 7 B. hartwegi ...... 2.5 4 G.luma...... 3 4 PHALLICHTHYS P. infans ...... 3.5 4.5 B. holdridgei ...... 3 5 G. manni ...... 3 5 P. amates amates ...... 3.5 7 P. latidens ...... 2.5 3.5 B. parismena ...... 4.5 6.5 G. marshl ...... 2.5 4 P. amates pittierl ...... 4 8 P.lucida ...... 2.5 3.5 B. punctifer ...... 3 6 G. melapleura ...... 2.5 4 ~ P. falrweatheri...... 3 4.5 P. monacha ...... 2.5 3.5 B. rhabdophora ...... 3 5 G. myers!...... 3 4 P. quadripunctatus ...... P. occidentalis ...... 5 6 B. terrabensls ...... 5 6.5 G. nicaraguensls...... 3.5 6.5 P. tlco ...... 2 3.5 P. presidionls ...... 3.5 5 CARLHUBBSIA G. nobilis ...... 3 6 PHAlLOCEROS P. prolifica ...... 2 3 C. kidderi ...... 2.2 3.5 G.oligostlcta...... 3.5 5 P. caudimaculatus ...... 3 5 P. retropinna ...... 6 10 C. stuarti ...... 4.5 6 G. panuco ...... 2.5 3.5 PHALLOPTYCHUS P. turrubarensis ...... 4 8 CHAPALICHTHYS G. punctata ...... 5 9 P. eigenmanni ...... 2.5 3.5 P. viriosa ...... C. encaustus ...... 6 7.5 G. puncticulata ...... 4.5 7 P. januarius ...... 3 4.5 PRIAPELLA C. pardalis ...... 5 5 G. rachowl ...... 3.5 4.5 PHALLOTORYNUS P. bonita ...... 5 6 CHARACODON G. regani ...... 2.5 4 P. fasciolatus ...... 2.5 3.5 P. compressa ...... 3.5 5 C. lateralis ...... 4.5 6 G. senllls ...... 4 6.5 P. jucundus ...... 2 2.5 P. intermedia ...... 5 7 CNESTERODON G. sexradiata ...... 3 6.5 POECILIA PRIAPICHTHYS C. carneg iel ...... 2.5 4 G. vittata ...... 2.5 3 P. amazonica ...... 2.5 3 P. annectens ...... 4.5 6 C. declmaculatus ...... 2.5 4 G. wrayi ...... 4.5 6 P. (Micro.) branneri ...... 2.5 3 P. caliensls ...... 3.5 4.5 P. chocoensis ...... 3.5 4 X. melanosoma RASBORAS, DANIOS & MINNOWS P. dariensis ...... 3 4 X. variata ...... 8 8 P. festae ...... XIPHOPHORUS R. einthoveni...... 9 X. andersi ...... APHYOCYPRIS P. fria ...... A. pooni ...... :...... 4 R. elanga ...... 20 P. nlgroventralis ...... 2.5 3 X. clemenciae ...... 3.5 4 BRACHYDANIO R. elegans ...... 13 P. panamensis ...... 2.5 4 X. couchianus ...... 3.5 6 B. albolineatus ...... 5.5 R. gerlachi ...... 13 QUINTANA X. gordoni B. frankei ...... 4 R. hengeli ...... 3 Q. atrizona ...... 2.5 4 X. helleri alvarezi...... 5 8 B. kerri ...... 4 R. heteromorpha ...... 4.5 SCHOLICHTHYS X. helleri helleri ...... 10 12 B. nigrofasciatus...... 4 R. hubbsi ...... 5 S. greenwayi ...... 3 5 X. helleri guentheri ...... 7 10 B. pulcher ...... 4 B. rerio...... 4.5 R. jacobsoni ...... 7 S. iota ...... 1.5 2 X. helleri signum ...... 7.5 10 R. kalochroma ...... 12 SKIFFIA X. helleri strigatus ...... 7 10 B. shanensis ...... 5 DANIO R. kobonensis ...... S. bilineata ...... 3.5 6 X. maculatus ...... 4 6 D. devario ...... 10 R. labiosa (daniconius) ...... 9 S. francesae ...... 5 7 X. milleri ...... 3.5 4.5 D. malabaricus ...... 12 R. lateristriata...... 12 S.lermae ...... X. montezumae cortezi ...... 4.5 6 D. regina ...... 12.5 R. layanga ...... 9 S. multipunctata ...... 6 8 X. montezumae montezumae. 5.5 6.5 ESOMUS R. leptosoma...... 8 XENODEXIA X. pygmaeus nigroensis ...... 4 4 E. danrica...... 15 R. maculata...... 2.5 E. malayensis ...... 8 X. ctenolepis ...... 4 4 X. pygmaeus pygmaeus ...... 3 4 R. meinkeni 7 E. goddardi...... 8 XENOOPHORUS X. variatus evelynae ...... 4 5 R. myersi 12 X. captivus ...... 6 6 X. variatus variatus ...... 5.5 7 E. Iineatus ...... 6 HORADANDIA R. palustris ...... 5 XENOTAENIA X. variatus xiphidium ...... 4 5.5 H. atukorali ...... 3 R. pauciperforata 7 X. resolanae ...... ZOOGENETICUS 8 8 LAUBUCA R. paucisquamis ...... 6 XENOTOCA Z. catarinae ...... 5 7 L. caeruleostigmata...... 6 R. philippina ...... 7 X.eiseni ...... 8 8 Z. quitzeoensis ...... 3.5 5 L. dadiburjori ...... 4 R. rasbora ...... 10 l. laubuca ...... 5 R. reticulata 5 LUCIOSTOMA R. retrodorsalis (dusonensis) ...... 18 l. bleekeri...... 12 R. rutteni 4.5 LOACHES L. spilopleura...... 25 L. setlgerum...... 15 R. somphongsi ...... 3 !) ACANTHOPSIS B. sidthimunki sidthimunki MICRORASBORA . R. sarawakensis 5.5 A. choiorhynchus 20 B. sidthimunki somphongsi 5 M. rubescens ...... 4 R. steineri 7.5 10 ACANTHOPTHALMUS B. striata...... RASBORA R. sumatrana 12 A. cuneovlrgatus 8 B. strigata 10 R. agllls...... 6 R. taeniata ...... 8 A. javanicus 10 COBITIS R. aprotaenia ...... 7.5 R. tawarensis...... 7.5 A. kulii kulii...... 11 C. taenia 15 R. argyrotaenia...... 17 R. trifasciata ...... 4.5 A. myersi 11 GARRA R. baliensis ...... 5.5 R. trilineata ...... 15 A. roblginosus 7 G. taeniata 15 R. bankanensls...... 5.5 R. tornieri ...... 10 A. semicinctus ...... 10 HOMALOPTERA R. beaufort! ...... 5 R. tubbi A. shelfordi ...... 10 H. species 6 R. borapetensis ...... 5 R. urophthalma...... 2.5 A. sumatranus 11 R. vaterifloris ...... 4 LEPIDOCEPHALUS R. caudomaculata...... 20 A. black and albino ...... 10 R. vegae...... 5 L. guntae 15 R. caverii (daniconius) ...... 9 BOTIA R. volzi ...... 7 L. thermal is 8 R. cephalotaenia...... 12 B. almorhea ...... 11 chrysotaenia ...... 10 TANICHTHYS MISGURNUS R. B. beauforti 20 R. daniconius...... 9 T. albonubes 4 M. anguillicaudatus 22 B. berdmorei 25 R. dorsiocellata ...... 6.5 VARICORHINUS M. fossllis ...... 30 B. horae 10 R. dusonensis ...... 18 V. damascinus 7 B. hymenophysa (wild) ...... 30 NOEMACHEILUS B.lecontei 10 N. barbatulus ...... 18 B. lohachata ...... 16 N. botia ...... 12 B. lucas bahi 10 N. erythrina 18 B. macracantha ...... 30 N. fasciatus 9 B. modesta ...... 25 N. kuiperi ...... 9 SHARKS AN D FOXES G. Iyricus ...... 10 MORMYRUS GYMNARCHUS M. kannume ...... 50 BALANTIOCHEILUS L. lineratus 65 G. niloticus...... 90 B. melanopterus ...... 35 L. varigatus NANDUS EPALZEORHYNCHUS L. wecksi 23 GYMNOTUS N. nandus...... 20 G. carapo...... 60 N. nebulosus...... 12 E. kallopterus...... 15 LUCIOSOMA K. siamensis ...... 14 L. spilopleura ...... 25 GYNOCHANDA NEOCERATODUS LABEO G. filamentosa...... 5 N. forsteri ...... 175 L. bicolor ...... 15 MALAYAN HETEROTIS NEROPHIS L. erythus ...... 15 M. shark ...... H. niloticus...... N. ophidion ...... 28 L. forskali ...... 36 MORULIUS HYPOPOMUS NOTOPTERUS L. frenatus ...... 15 M. chrysophekadion 60 H. artedi...... 18 N. afer ...... 60 HYPSELEOTRIS N. chitala...... 80 H. cyprinoides ...... :...... 7 N. notopterus...... 60 ANY OTHER VARIETY H. modestus...... 7 OPHICEPHALUS O. africanus ...... 32 ACIPENSER c. ranga ...... 7 LAMPRETA O.lucius A. ruthenus C. wolfii 20 L. fluviatilis ...... 50 O. guacha ...... AFRONANDUS CHANNA L. planeri ...... 17 O. marulius...... 120 A. sheljuzhkoi ...... 5 C. asiatica ...... 30 LEPIDOSIREN O.obscurus...... 35 ALEPIDOMUS COLOMESUS L. paradoxa...... 125 O. pleurophthalmus ...... 40 A. evermanni ...... 5 C. psittacus...... 15 LEPISOSTEUS O. striatus ...... 90 AMIA CYNOCHANDA L. cylindrosteus platostomus ...... 60 OPHIOCARA A. calva...... 60 C. filamentosa 5 L. litholepis tristoechus ...... ~ ...... 3.5m O. apores...... 30 AMPHIPNOUS DORMITATOR L. osseus ...... 150 O. porocephala ...... 32 A. cuchia ...... 70 D. latifrons 25 LUCIOCEPHALUS OSTEOG LOSSU M APHREDODERUS D. maculatus ...... 25 L. pulcher 18 MACROG NATH US O.bicirrhosum ...... 1m A. sayanus ...... 13 DORYICHTHYS PANTODON ARAPAIMA D. deokhatoides 18 M. aculeatus 35 P. buchholzi ...... 13 A. gigas ...... 4.5m D.lineatus...... 20 MARCUSENIUS M. isodori 10 PERIOPHTHALMODON AUSTROMENDIA EIGENMANNIA M.longianalis 15 P. schlosseri ...... 27 A. bonarienses ...... 48 E. virescens ...... 45 MASTOCEMBELUS PERIOPHTHALMUS BADIS ELECTROCPHORUS M. angus ...... 30 P. barbarus...... 15 B. badis 8 E. electricus 230 M. armatus armatus ...... 75 P. chrysospilos ...... 12 B. burmicanus ELEOTRIS 19 PETROCEPHALUS BATHGOBIUS E. africana ...... 16 M. loennbergi M. maculatus 45 P. bovei...... 50 B. fuscus 12 E. butis 15 PHRACTOLAEMUS BOLEOPHTHALMUS E. lebretonis ...... 12 M. panacalus 20 P. ansorgei ...... 15 B. boddaerti E. melanosoma ...... 14 MELANOTAENIA M. maccullochi 7 POL YCENTROPSIS B. pectinirostris ...... 20 E. monteira ...... 23 P. abbreviata...... 8 BRACHYGOBIUS E.omosema 10 M. nigrans 10 PONCENTRUS B. aggregatus ...... 4.5 E. pisonis ...... 12 MENIDIA P. schomburgki...... 10 B. nunu ...... 4.2 E. pleurops 10 M. thomasi 8 POLYPTERUS B. xanthozona...... 4.5 E. vittata 22 MICROPHIS M. boaja ...... 43 P. bichir ...... 70 CALAMOICHTHYS EVORTHODUS M. brachyurus ...... 23 P. delhezi ...... 35 C. calabaricus...... 90 E. breviceps 8 M. smithi 20 P. ornatipinnus ...... 37 CARASSIOPS GNATHONEMUS MONOCIRRHUS P. palmas ...... 30 C. compressus...... 15 G. macrolepidotus 30 M. polyacanthus ...... 8 P. weeksi ...... 40 CARINOTETRAODON G. moori 20 MONODACTYLUS PRISTOLEPIS C. somphongsi ...... 6 G. petersi ...... 23 M. argenteus ...... 23 P. fasciata ...... 21 CHANDA G. schilthuisi ...... 10 M. sebae ...... 20 PROTOPTERUS C. agassizi.. 6.5 G. stanleyanus 40 MOGURNDA P. aethiopicus...... 140 C. buruensis.... 7 GOBIOPTERUS M. mogurnda ...... 17 P. amphibius...... 30 C. commersoni ...... 10 G. chuno 2.5 MORMYROPS P. annectens ...... 70 C.lala...... 3.8 GOBIUS M. nigricans 35 P. dolloi ...... 85 C. nama ...... 11 G. guineensis ...... 15 PSEUDOMUGIL SYNBRANCHUS JUDGING GOLDFISH IN COMPETITION P. signatus ...... 4.5 s. afer 32 RAMPHIRICHTHYS s. marmoratus ...... 150 In competition, goldfish are divided into the scaled and scaleless R. rostratus 60 SYNGNATHUS classes, the latter being transparently scaled. The scaled fishes are SCARTELAOS S. pulchellus ...... 15 colored gold (metallic red), silver (metallic drab or smoke), pearl s. viridis...... 15 TELMATHERINA (metallic white), and moors (blacks). The first should be of a deep SCATOPHAGUS T. ladigesi...... 7 shade of red. The second is a transitory color and varies but little. As a s. argus ...... 30 TETRADON color value it ranks low. The pearl is a grade higher, but light colors in s. tetracanthus...... 40 T. cutcutia 15 general are not favored. Moors should be of a deep blue-black, free SCLEROPAGES T. erythrotaenia ...... 9 from the appearance of a white scum or bronze off-color. A perfect S. formosus...... 90 T. fluviatilis ...... 17 black Moor should be black allover, but as yet, no perfect species has SOLENOTOCA T.leiurus brevirostris...... 12 s. multifasciata ...... 10 T. lineatus ...... 40 been developed. The Moor will tend to show a bronze or white colora­ STEATOGENES T. mbu...... 75 tion under the belly (normally a sign of age, but not always so) and the S. elegans...... 20 T. miurus 10 amount of bronze ness must be taken into consideration when scoring STERNARCHELLA T. palembangensis...... 20 the color section. S. schotti ...... 22 T. schoutedeni 8 STERNARCHUS THERAPON Scaleless fishes are divided into red, white, mottled and calico. The S. albifrons...... 50 T. jarbua 35 preferred shade of red is of the deep oxblood color. White ranks STIGMATOGOBIUS TOXOTES lowest. Mottled is a combination of red and white, while the highest S. hoeveni...... 6 T. chartareus...... 27 prized is the calico, a combination of all the colors in finely divided s. salanundio...... 8.5 T. jaculator...... 24 spots with an overall blue background. The more or deeper blue, the STOMATORHINUS XENOMYSTUS better the calico. In the scaleless class, the all-important color is blue s. puncticulatus ...... 9 X. nigri ...... 20 or lavender, the deeper the better, and also the more the better. The ideal Calico has a body background of blue, red and white, over which is a sprinkling of fine black dots. The black dots and some red ones are also freely distributed over all the fins, which are otherwise white in these and all "scaleless" fishes. The highest development of this color seldom occurs under the age of from two to three years. There are special competitions for fishes under one year old. A re­ cent ruling in this connection is that a fish to be judged must have a body as large as a half dollar. Also the body of an adult must be as large as a dollar. This is because many "runt" fishes, if judged strickly on points, would carry off the awards, their development having gone all to fins. With reference to Lionheads the main points are the hood and the shape of the body. The hood should be as large as possible. It should envelop the whole head and rise sharply at the point where the head joins the back. While color is not an important feature, the preference is for a brassy body and a deep red head. Pearl colored fishes with pale yellow heads are also prized. Anals should be double and the tails fully divided, but no credit is given for fin length. The body should be deep and broad, the back well arched, without flatness in the cen­ tre. Orandas require long fins, but not such chunky bodies.

TAIL TYPES by W. Bourcy-Beckley Some eleven or twelve distinct tail types of goldfish have, so far, made their appearance. They group into four basic classes: Trailers, <:($ ~~ butterflys, pendants and multilobes; there is also, reputedly, a tailless lr:> group. But, no evidence of any strains of such a type has, as yet, come to the attention of the author. Trailers Possibly the oldest (and probably the rarest) of the trailer types is the Phoenix tail *. This strain was evolved from goldfish which, although growing two complete tails, did not have the two tails separated from each other ("web tails"). 1nstead of breeding to separate the two tails, selections were made which retained the fu­ ...J ...I sion of the two tails, and blended the side lobes into them to form a: what appears to be one enormous, single, horizontal tail, trailing -' u behind the fish; there is evidence to indicate that this particular tail type is rarely, if at all obtainable in other than the telescoped-eyed ~ U ~/)~ breeds. All other tail types have at least two fully divided tails. en The simplest form of divided-tail trailer types is, in classification, difficult to limit, because, from it developed both the tWI!J) remaining trailer types and the two (no longer trailer) butterfly types which exist ",I !}A'\ today. This simplest form is the Wing-Tail type, which occurs in extra­ fancy "fringetail" strains of celestials, egg fish and bubble eyes; the I.U most fantastic development of this type so far seen by the author is in "extra-fancy" strains of egg fish. At two to three years of age, the a.. lobes of extremely fancy Wing-Tail strains simply get so long that they u~~ can no longer be held out horizontally. ~ I~ From the Wing-Tail, were developed two scroll-tail types. In one, the ~ outer lobes were, in the selective breeding, simply curled over the top -I of the two rear lobes; all four lobes trail to the rear. Although somewhat scarce, this type occurs in everything from lion heads to - fri ngetai Is. i! In the second type (so far known only in extremely rare pearlscale strains) the gap between both lobes of each tail has been, by selection, completely filled in with tissue (the broadtail: "Veiltail" of I~l~ the British) and the outer, or bottom, edges have been rolled over the 15UJ top to form a scroll on each tail. In this strain, the dorsal fin also has been subjected to extensive selection, so that it is an enormous "sail" ~ti above the body of the fish; the dorsal fin is inclined rearward, much as Q,.....J in "high fin" swordtails or platys. Pectorals and ventrals, likewise ::» have been overdeveloped, so that it is almost impossible for this fish to survive at all! This breed was first publically shown in the U.S., at the Los Angeles Hobby Show in June of 1965. ~a: V1 Butterflys Also developed from the wingtail are two non-scrolled, non trailer, ~z. _' .,_ 0 butterfly types of tails. The point of classification of both the butterfly N types is that the leading edges of the tail extend forward from the §­ base of the tail. There are two types of butterfly tails. In one the tail is :x: entirely horizontal. This type occurs in very fancy strains of telescopes and in some beautiful strains of calico pearlscales (the If,

strong implication that the peacock is a present-day development of the Watonai. They have long been, and still are today, somewhat of a "monopoly" breed, not easy to obtain.

Pendant Tails Although nearly all tail types from wing tO'watonai (see J. Urata's paintings for Matsubara's types) produce some individuals of such overdevelopment that, when they are fully mature, their tails drape, or hang, there are but two kinds of goldfish basically bred for pendant tails:-The fringetail, and, in China a Semi·trailer, the broadtail. The mature fringetail has two distinct tails of at least the same length of the body of the fish. Specimens whose tail·length reached more than one and one half the body length (by actual measurement) have rarely been seen outside of China. Each tail is bifurcated. That is, there is a space without tissue at the center of the bottom, so that F'RIN6ETAIL each of the two tails have two lobes at the bottom (a total of four lobes BROADTAIl.. on each fish). There is a relationship among the pectoral and ventral fins of the PENDANT fringetail goldfish and its tailS, so that, in some strains, a "forecast" of the tail development can be made. Long ventral fins in young fish generally indicate future length in tails; when both the pectoral fins author has not yet seen the horizontal butterfly tail in any other and the ventral fins are wide, the tail lobes will usually grow correspondingly "full" or wide. Some strains have tail lobes so full pearlscales). that the fish look like overdeveloped broadtails. The largest In the other butterfly tail type, each tail is nearly filled in solid fringetails, the author has so far seen, are in some strains of (approaching a broadtail) and the tails are set at approximately a 30 bluescales (see page 25 of Aquarium Magazine, March 1966) and degree angle to the body of the fish. The tails extend outward some Pearl Crane Orandas (see National Geographic, November 1964, (sideways) from the body of the fish like two enormous fans. This is to page 630). be seen at its highest development in very select pearl scale breeds; The broadtail type of goldfish is a classification that contains some this form of butterfly tail is also the mark of highly bred lionheads. long standing, generic and semantic problems which, up to this Two other butterfly type of tails, which, however, have no breeding writing, have not been resolved. connection with the preceeding types are the Watonai and the The type distinction is that there is no bifurcation in the tails; each Peacock. These two are Japanese strains and, until very recently, tail is completely separated from the other, but, the tissue of each tail were entirely unknown to the Chinese. The Watonai has two parallel, is solid (all the way to the bottom edge); their tails do not develop to entirely vertical, fringetails, well separated by a pronounced "horse­ the great length of fringetails. shoe" shaped space. It came about as an accidental crossing of two A half century of printed statement notwithstanding, the broadtail types in Tokyo, Japan, around the year 1883 and was first shown at the type did not derive solely and directly through selections made from Fisheries Exhibition in Japan in that year. There is record to indicate a the superb strain of goldfish which the Japanese Emperor, Miejii sent probability that Akiyama, the Tokyo goldfish breeder, saw the Watonai to the Colombian Exposition, in Chicago in 1893. The actual records, at the fair, and, possibly, that he acquired some of them; there is at the and original drawings (particularly Wolf) show these Meijiis to have present writing only one identificable specimen in the U.S. known to been probably the finest strain of fringetails to reach the U.S. in the the author. Although the breed, very likely, survives in the Tokyo area 19th century; though very rare, the Miejii strain of fringetails still in Japan, it seems to be unobtainable from Japanese goldfish exists today. exporters at present. Centuries before the Colombian Exposition, the Chinese had The Peacock also has two entirely vertical tails, but they are not developed full-tissue types of butterfly tails in the Pearl scale breed. fringetails (they are more "butterfly" in form) and, in the best Strains were developed from these in which the tails were evolved speCimens, they extend outward, 90 degrees from the body. Biological backwards as semi-trailers, retaining the broadtail quality (a scroll­ similarities of body types, color patterns, and tail types carry a very tailed development of this breed has been previously described, here.)

~ ------_ ...... Since both rare and fancy goldfish were reaching Mullert and other dealers as early as the 1820's, directly from China, and the Pearlscale Charts Showing Ideal Figures of the Principal Goldfish Varieties. Together with Valuation Points breed was well known to early American dealers, the probable fact is that, in the 19th Century, Pearlscale strains of established Chinese broadtails were bred into several "stock-lines" in early American hatcheries. It would have been inevitable that the Miejii strain would have been directly bred into these Chinese broadtails. This is, morphologically, further reinforced by their present day descendants; oranges do not grow from apple trees. The present day British and American strains show anatomical characteristics (when entire broods are examined) which are altogether foreign to the Miejii Fringetail strain, and which appear on no known breed of goldfish except the Chinese pearlscale broadtails: Body shape in broods tend toward the egg-shaped spheroid of pearlscales, and it is only by the most rigid attention to selection that the Miejii type of spinal curve is C"'l4.)f~ -us preserved. Pectoral fins extending outward as in the pearlscale STy,-E. 5 NY:M:I'II (Veiltaifj (instead of downward, as in the Miejii) are almost a trademark of the "hybrids". Dorsal fins revert strongly toward the backward sloped "high-fin" type (like swordtails and platys) of the pearlscale broadtails. And, finally, very few individuals in the British or American "hybrid" broadtails develop full tails; there is a strong tendency in these strains to revert to fringetails. The Chinese pearl scale strains breed true as broadtails; they never revert to bi-Iobed tails. Terminology, too, in this (broadtail) breed, has further increased the confusion regarding the type. Unfortunately, Bade, in an attempt to follow de Sauvigny's concept of classifying goldfish breeds as specie, evolved the German term Schleierschwanz. (English translation: Veiltail). This was reported by Wm. T. Innes, the founder of this magazine. Through the British circulation of THE AQUARIUM MAGAZINE, the term "Veiltail" was picked up by the hobbyist in Britain, who, still, knows nothing of the long established American term broadtail for the same type; The term broadtail goes back at least two decades before Bade and continues in print, in America, to the present day. The British adopted term "veiltail" occasionally comes back to us in American print, where evidences of Anglomania, or British sources show. "Veiltail" is a semantically dangerous term, since it can be equally applied to either broadtail or fringetail; its interpolation into the jargon has, already, set up such a state of ambiguity that no clear definitions of the three terms have heretofore been available, and, because of it, many hobbyists have been deluded into searching forthree, instead of two, pendant tail breeds; veiltail (British) = broadtail (American).

COLO'l " C:OLOI\ III evu. ttl GTY~e. , • PHOENIX TAIL (Chinese-Feng wei): There is no doubt concerning the type Phoenix tail, 3TYLt :.; T!:!.!scol'!! (Y~iflall) ORAN"!)A (Veiltarl) but it is uncertain whether the term applies to the web·tailed strains or the multi-lobed strains. The term was applied to the one, or to the other. , ------J.YEG 32

Tm: CoMMCX GQtpnsn (Car{Jul!JJ aflraJUr) LIONIIEAD CELESTIAL

Double Body Tail Dorsal Fins Co!or An.als Style Eyes Telescopes ...•..•.... 18 18 14 4 18 5 5 18 100 laps ...... •.... 24 26 18 4 18 S 5 100 Nymphs ...... 25 27 20 5 18 5 100 Comets ...... 20 32 20 5 18 5 100 /ljfj:z,::;;3J~h THE SHUBUNKIN Telescope Nymphs..... 19 19 16 5 18 5 18 100 Celestials ...... 18 18 4 18 5 5 32 100 Shubunkins ...... •. 10 10 10 5 60 5 100 Head Lionheads...... IS 18 4 18 5 5 32 100 Orandas ...... 18 13 14 4 18 5 5 18 100

The a.bove two illustrations show the two types of t:1il.s. At tbe left the "Swallo'l'l­ taU", "Ribbontail" or "Cut-Qut-tail;" the right the "Vciltail" or "Broadtail." All varieties of the fancy goldfish may be subdivided into tbese t'i\'o classes for purposes of comp~tt· tion, but it is a. step of doubtful wisdom, for in many cases it is impossible for the jud~C!I to decide even to their own satisfaction in which class a .fish belongs, much less to the satisfaction of the contestants Tn£: Nnu'J{ , SPECIE SIZE IN THE GENUS SYNODONTIS S. annectens 323 12.7 S. ansorgli 276 10.9 by Lee Finley, ACALA S. arnoulti 144 5.7 S. aterrlmus 115 4.5 Members of the genus Synodontis are a very popular group of catfish. They S. bastiani 228 9.0 share widespread popularity with both the aquarist who keeps one or two S. batesU 126 5.0 "upside-downs" in a community tank and also with the serious collector who S. brichardi 203 8.0 maintains many species. But for all its popularity, its is also a genus about S.budgettl 395 15.6 which little is known. The purpose of this article is to try to shed' a little light S. camelopardalis 180 7.1 regarding one aspect of the genus; the size of its various members. At least S.caudalis 210 8.3 109 species of Synodontis have been described. A number of readily iden· S. caudovlttatus 258 10.2 tifiable speCies are available within the hobby, but these make up only a small S. centralls 135 5.3 percentage of the total. And, a number of these "readily idenitified" species S. clarlas 325 12.8 are commonly misidentified, or have been labeled with an incorrect name for S. conglcus (this species is usually Incorrectly Identified 203 8.0 one reason or another. An attempt has been made to correct this with at least as S. nummlfer) a few species within the list section of this article. Further on in the article, a S. contractus (Incorrectly known as S. davldl) 100 3.9 listing of all described speCies (through June, 1974) with maximum known size S. courtetl 550 21.7 is presented. These sizes, with rare exception, are taken from Dr. Max Polls S.cuangoanus 268 10.6 revision of the genus Synodontis. A word of caution here regarding the use of S. decorus 318 12.5 Dr. Polls book. In the body of each description is a listing of maximum descrip­ S. depauwi 240 9.4 tion pertinent references on each species are listed along with the maximum S. dhonti 400 15.7 length that was reported by the particular author. The lengths of some of these S. dorsomaculatus 137 5.4 individuals are greater than those that were examined by Dr. Poll. In each S. eburneenls 281 10.1 species listed below the largest size recorded from any source is listed. S. eupterus 270 (S.L.) 10.6 Unless stated otherwise the length given is total length (T.L.) This measure­ S. eurystomus 150 5.9 ment is from the tip of the snout to the extremity of the caudal fin. Rarely is the S. fIIamentosus 275 10.8 length of listed in standard length (S.L.). This is measured from the tip of the S. flavitaenlatus 195 7.7 snout to the base of the caudal fin. S. frontosus 350 13.8 S. fuellebornl 192 7.6 Many species of Synodontis attairJ a large size and it is doubtful that in cap­ S. gambiensis 348 13.7 tivity, other than in large public aquaria, that they will attain these lengths. On S. geledensis 307 12.1 the other hand, some of the smaller species might attain, in captivity, larger S. gobroni 600 23.6 sizes than listed. And, of course, it must be kept in mind that some species S. granulosus 430 16.9 might, in fact, attain a larger size than has been recorded in the literature. S. greshoffl 266 10.5 S. guttatus 700 27.6 In preparing this list, I have had two purposes in mind: one is to make this in· S. haugi 302 11.9 formation available to the individual aquarist who would be interested in size S. Iturll 206 8.1 information on his specimens. The second is to provide a general reference S. katangae 240 9.4 sheet which could be made available to judges at the tropical fish shows S. khartoumensls 286 11.1 which most aquarium societies hold. Many species of Synodontis which look S. koensls 148 5.8 large, at say eight or nine inches, in reality may have an adult length of twice S. lacustrlcolus 600 23.6 that. For the purpose of familiarization with the metric system, the size is S.laessoel 148 5.8 given in both millimeters and inches. For the sake of convenience, the length S. lepardinus 193 7.6 in inches has been rounded off to the first decimal point. S. longirostris 660 26.0 S. longlspinis 145 5.7 Size Size S. lufirae 206 8.1 Name (mm) (Inch) S. macrophtalmus 200 1.9 Hemisynodontis membranaceus (incorrectly S. membranaceus) 500 19.7 S. macrops 113 6.8 Brachysynodontis batensoda (incorrectly S. batensoda) 265 10.4 S. macrostigma 206 8.1 S. acanthomias 590 23.2 S. macullplnna 290 11.4 S. afro-fischer 241 9.5 S. marmoratus 50 2.0 S. alberti 221 8.7 S. matthesi 300 11.9 S. albolineatus 123 4.8 S. melanopterus 206 8.1 S.angellcus 250 9.8 S. multlmaculatus 85 3.3 S. multipunctatus 215 10.8 S. nebulosus 152 6.0 ...a S. nlgrlta 225 (S.L.) 8.9 S. nlgrlventris 102 4.0 S. nigromaculatus (Incorrectly known as S. me/anostictus) 520 20.5 S. nJassae 192 7.6 S. notatus (includes S.n. binotata and S.n. ocel/atus which 265 10.4 are invalid as subspecies S. nummifer (the S. nummlfer of the hobby is in reality 237 9.4 S. cong/cus) S.obesus 375 14.8 S.ocellifer 490 19.1 S.omlas 430 16.9 S. ornatlplnnls 260 10.2 S.ornatus 211 8.3 S. pardalls 235 9.3 S. petri cola 102 4.0 S. pleurops 325 12.8 S. polydon 314 12.4 S. polystigma 245 9.6 S. pulcher 150 5.9 S. punctlfer 260 10.2 S. punctulatus 250 9.8 S. rebell 266 10.5 S. resuplnatus 350 13.8 S. robblnanus 145 5.7 S. roberts I 100 3.9 S. ruandae 162 6.4 S. ruflglensls 230 9.1 S. schall 560 22.5 S. schoutedeni 171 6.7 S. serpentis 124 4.9 S. serratus 556 21.9 S. smltl 222 8.7 S. soloni 155 6.1 S. sorex 506 19.9 S. steindachnerl 203 8.0 S. tessmanni 190 7.5 S. thysl 195 7.7 S. tourel 110 4.3 S. unicolor 241 9.5 S. veil fer 238 9.4 S. vermiculatus 480 18.9 S. victoriae 350 (S.L.) 13.8 S. violaceus 380 15.0 S. wamiensis 61 2.4 S. waterloti 185 7.3 S. woosnami 194 7.6 S. xiphias 800 31.5 S. zambesensis 312 12.3 S. zanzibaricus 131 5.2

Reprinted from Barnacle Chronicle, Vol. 4, No.7 - March, 1976 - publication of Elm City Aquarium Society, Bridgeport, CT.