Towards a List of Mathematical Glyphs This Is Not a Finished Document
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Towards a list of mathematical glyphs∗ This is not a finished document Justin Ziegler [email protected] [email protected] Started: 9 July 1993 Printed: May 5, 1997 Version: 3.00 Filename: agreed.tex Abstract ing will not have any slots containing specifi- cally sans serif or typewriter glyphs. The idea here is to try and list the contents of the new math encoding. For this I have tried to make logical glyph groupings. Please 3 Concerning the Euler remember that this is a draft, and I used as shapes my workbench. Some of it is out of date, and usually the comments are only for me. There Euler shapes could be a good example imple- are lots of spelling mistakes I know! mentation of the new math encoding. On the other hand all the Euler shapes could be grouped in a single font table. But this 1 A global rule for boldface would not be part of the math encoding. It would just be an extra font that could be We have decided not to mix ligthface and bold loaded in an extra family, just like the Ding- face symbols, in the same encoding, but to bats could be. generate a separate parallel boldface versions of all lightface math encoded fonts. This does not make it impossible to mix the two. For 4 The Cyrillic letters this, either one can use the \boldsymbol ap- proch, or one can load an extra bold face font These would be available, but not as part of in a given family, and have it directly and per- the math encoding. They would be loaded as manently accessible. an extra family, with whatever encoding ex- ists, together with suitable mathchardefs. 2 Sans serif and typewriter 5 Extra font dimensions fonts • The disign size, Extra fonts could be designed in sans serif, or • The default script size, in typewriter using some of the new math en- codings. An other solution is to load the Cork • The default scriptscript size, encoded sans fonts (or typewriter fonts) in a free family. In any case, the new math encod- • suggested value for mathsurround (in MC) ∗This is not a finished document. It contains many spelling mistakes, many typing mistakes, and many • math axis (in every font) brain mistakes. Things have been forgoten. All com- ments are welcome. • Thin mu skip, 1 • Med mu skip, • Spivak and Jan M.R. are adament that kerning is needed between Latin and • Thick mu skip, Greek. More precise information is needed. • recommended rule weight • baselineskip: leadingheight, 7 Compatibility • baselineskip: leadingdepth 7.1 Document compatibility We will not aim in beeing totaly compati- 6 The kerning ble. A lot of positions will change, so direct math chardefs will not always work. We will We will make better kerning possible in the make sure that documented names from AM- latin math italic, if possible. In math mode, for SLAT X (this includes names from LAT X, things to get kerned as specified in the .tfm E E T X, and AMST X, and LAMST X) are still file the left atom must be of ordinary type. E E E suported. If the user interface redefines every thing that must be kerned as beeing ordinary, old doc- uments may very well start looking different. 7.2 Compatibility with other en- To avoid this, the user interface could define codings a macro \mathkerningf...g that would use To enable easier font exchange between the the kerning specified in the .tfm file. T X world and the rest of the world, the new This needs more thinking, but so far we can E math encoding will have a space in position 32 produce the following list of items that should (decimal) in every font table encoding. be kerned: If there is a lot of free space, we may con- • A bit of ajusting with [ and ( and ) and ] sider leaving positions from 0 to 32 empty. in order to produce better spacing when folowed by letters. (Memo: Transforming into mathord, and italic correction.) 8 Will be taken out of the present math encoding • A bit of ajusting for the situation when letters are folowed by [ ] ( ). This is an • The old digits: 10. important one. • The 2 paragraph signs: {, x. • Keep the kerning with . , / for most letters ! • The Yen sign: Y. • Keep kerning between = and upright Γ ! • The double dagger sign z. (I must have dreamt this one) Maybe add • The four card families: |; ~; }; ♠. kerning for other punctuation characters. • The musical signs: [; \; ] • At least keep the kerning between d and Y,Z,j,f. Maybe add some others dx, dy, • The maltese cross. (AMS) dα, dθ, dφ ... • The checkmark (AMS) • Introduce kerning of the integral with it- • the funy tie accent: self. This would only be available via the \mathkerning macro (see previous com- • The seems not to be needed in maths. It ment). could be put in the text companion font. • Introduce kerning of the period with its • The circled R must come out of the math self, symbols. (AMS) • Introduce kerning of the centered period • The raised asterisc is comming out of with its self. math. 2 • More ... ? • All the special numeric letters in italic. If lack of space problems, prefer the italic All these will be put in to the \Text sym- shapes to the upright ones. 3. bols" encoding, that would come in many faces, and be text dependent. Other things • Some control glyphs: 2 will be put in this \Text symbols" font: • More numerals, 9.1 Variable shapes: 10 • The perthousand sign. This list comes basicaly from: J¨org Knappen. All listed here including the ones that are al- • Maybe this is a good place for the `frac- ready in the cm: tion' characters from adobe. 1. Lowercase Phi, • <florin>, <ellipsis> etc. 2. Lowercase Pi, • The superior and inferior digits, and put in kerning so that 3. Lowercase Kappa, (AMS) <onesuperior><fraction><twoinferior> produces a 1/2. 4. Lowercase beta (new), • The single dagger finds a place here al- 5. Lowercase Rho, though it is in maths as well. This makes 6. Lowercase Epsilon, them two different symbols, and enables both to have more specific shapes. 7. Lowercase Sigma, • A real copyright symbol, TM (trademark) 8. Lowercase Theta. and SM (service mark). 9. Upper case chi (new), • An interrabang (a combination of ? and !) new. (bb) 10. Upper case for upsilon. • ... 9.2 Extra letters for numerals: 3 Alan jeffrey has work on the text symbol font. Actually it is now called the compan- Source: J¨org Knappen. All listed here includ- ion text font. He has written more about the ing the ones that are already in the cm, and subject. \[email protected]" the ams. Must be given in uppercase1, and lowercase. 9 The Greek glyphs: 124 1. Qoppa (new), We will include the following shapes: 2. Sampi/Sanpi (new) (J¨org Knappen), • All the Uppercase in upright. 24 3. Digamma (AMS). • All the Uppercase in italic. 24 9.3 Some control glyphs to ac- • All the Lowercase in upright. 24 cess the different greek faces: • All the Lowercase in italic face. 24. So 2 far: 24 ∗ 4 = 96 1. An italic control glyph, i.e. the folowing Greek letter is not taken from the upright, • All the variable shapes in upright. 10 but from the italic Greek, • All the variable shapes in italic. 10 1Uppercase greek numerals exist, allthough ex- tremely rare. For the sake of completeness one could • All the special numeric letters in upright. fill them in. But they are surely not the hottest char- 3 acters needed. J¨org 3 2. A variable shape control glyph, i.e. the 12. Hebrew letter '151 in msbm, following Greek letter is not taken from the normal set of letters, but form the 13. Hebrew letter '152 in msbm, variant shape set. This will not work for 14. Hebrew letter '153 in msbm, all letters. Thus maybe not a good idea. 15. The @ or \aleph in position '100 of Note: From Alan about the control slots CMSY, for Greek, \Er, I'm not very sure about those, 16. The Nabla, r in CMSY'162 since they'll affect kerning. I'd prefer to have the choice between italic / upright made by 17. More ? the document designer. And I'm not sure why anyone would want to get at an upper case ξ by The barred partial signs may be obtained by a macro \uppercasegreekf\xig!" | \True ligatures, or could be constructed with kern- they will effect the kerning. But one could ing. In any case some slots for ligatures must use them differently from what you suggested. be left free. Although i'm not sure it is interesting, the lig- ature mecanism does not have to be visible for the user. (ei, he can still type \Gamma, which 11 The latin letters: One is expanded to \up\gamma." set= 54 glyphs We shall assume here that all lower case al- 10 Extra Greek like mate- phabets contain an `i' and a `j' without dots, rial: 14 so that they can take other accents if wanted. • The usual cmmi italic shape. Uppercase This group of glyphs should not really be sep- and lowercase. arated from the rest of the Greek material. • The calligraphic shapes. Uppercase and 1. An upright partial sign, lowercase. I believe that the lowercase 2. An italic partial sign, shapes are presently not available. 3. An upright partial sign with a slanted bar, • The script shapes. Uppercase and lower- AMS \eth case. Here as well I believe that the low- ercase shapes are presently not available.