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Cold War Beginnings GROWTH AND TURMOIL, 1948-1977 Cold War Beginnings Resource: Questioning Cold War Policy Document Text Dear President Kennedy, My brother, Specialist James Delmas McAndrew, was one of the seven crew members killed on January 11 in a Viet Nam helicopter crash. [My older brothers fought in World War II.] During those war years and even all during the Korean conflict we worried about all of them—but that was all very different. They were wars that our country were fighting, and everyone here knew that our sons and brothers were giving their lives for their country. I can’t help but feel that giving one’s life for one’s country is one thing, but being sent to a country where half our country never even heard of and being shot at without even a chance to shoot back is another thing altogether! Please, I’m only a housewife who doesn’t even claim to know all about the international situation—but we have felt so bitter over this—can the small number of our boys over in Vietnam possibly be doing enough good to justify the awful number of casualties? It seems to me that if we are going to have our boys over there, then we should send enough to have a chance—or else stay home. Those fellows are just sitting ducks in those darn helicopters. If a war is worth fighting— isn’t it worth fighting to win? Very sincerely, Bobbie Lou Pendergrass Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. White House Central Subject Files. National Security – Defense (ND). ND: 9-2-2: Condolence letters and communications: M: Executive. JFKWHCSF-0604-027. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. Document Text Summary © Women and the American Story 2021 Page 1 of 8 GROWTH AND TURMOIL, 1948-1977 Cold War Beginnings This is a letter to President John F. Dear President Kennedy, Kennedy. My brother, Specialist James Delmas Bobbie Lou’s brother was a solider. He McAndrew, was one of the seven crew and six other soldiers died in a members killed on January 11 in a Viet helicopter crash in Vietnam. Nam helicopter crash. [My older brothers fought in World War II.] During those war years and even all Bobbie Lou’s brothers were soldiers in during the Korean conflict we worried World War II and the Korean War. Both of about all of them—but that was all very those wars were different from the different. They were wars that our Vietnam War. Soldiers in World War II country were fighting, and everyone and Korea were fighting for America. here knew that our sons and brothers were giving their lives for their country. I can’t help but feel that giving one’s life for one’s country is one thing, but being Bobbie Lou does not think serving in sent to a country where half our country Vietnam is the same as serving in World never even heard of and being shot at War II. The soldiers in Vietnam do not without even a chance to shoot back is have the chance to defend themselves. another thing altogether! Please, I’m only a housewife who doesn’t even claim to know all about the international situation—but we have felt so bitter over this—can the small Bobbie Lou acknowledges that she does number of our boys over in Vietnam not have the same knowledge as the possibly be doing enough good to justify President about international issues. But the awful number of casualties? It she does not understand how fighting in seems to me that if we are going to Vietnam is worth so many American have our boys over there, then we deaths. She believes America should should send enough to have a chance— either do enough to win the war or not or else stay home. Those fellows are do anything at all. just sitting ducks in those darn helicopters. If a war is worth fighting— isn’t it worth fighting to win? © Women and the American Story 2021 Page 2 of 8 GROWTH AND TURMOIL, 1948-1977 Cold War Beginnings Very sincerely, This letter was written by Bobbie Lou Bobbie Lou Pendergrass Pendergrass Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. White House Central Subject Files. National Security – Defense (ND). ND: 9-2-2: Condolence letters and communications: M: Executive. JFKWHCSF-0604-027. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. Document Text Dear Mrs. Pendergrass, The questions which you posed in your letter can, I believe, best be answered by realizing why your brother—and other American men —went to Viet Nam in the first place. Americans are in Viet Nam because we have determined that this country must not fall under Communist domination. Ever since Viet Nam was divided, the Viet Namese have fought valiantly to maintain their independence in the face of the continuing threat from the North. Shortly after the division eight years ago it became apparent that they could not be successful in their defense without extensive assistance from other nations of the Free World community. If Viet Nam should fall, it will indicate to the people of Southeast Asia that complete Communist domination of their part of the world is almost inevitable. Your brother was in Viet Nam because the threat to the Viet Namese people is, in the long run, a threat to the Free world community, and ultimately a threat to us also. For when freedom is destroyed in one country, it is threatened throughout the world. I believe if you can see this as he must have seen it, you will believe as he must have believed, that he did not die in vain. Forty-five American soldiers, including your brother, have given their lives in Viet Nam. In their sacrifice they have earned the eternal gratitude of this Nation and other free men throughout the world. Sincerely, John F. Kennedy © Women and the American Story 2021 Page 3 of 8 GROWTH AND TURMOIL, 1948-1977 Cold War Beginnings Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. White House Central Subject Files. National Security – Defense (ND). ND: 9-2-2: Condolence letters and communications: M: Executive. JFKWHCSF-0604-027. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. Document Text Summary This is a letter to Bobbie Lou Dear Mrs. Pendergrass, Pendergrass. The questions which you posed in your letter can, I believe, best be answered The President acknowledges that Bobbie by realizing why your brother—and Lou wants to understand why American other American men —went to Viet Nam soldiers are in Vietnam. in the first place. Americans are in Viet Nam because we have determined that this country must not fall under Communist domination. The President explains that American Ever since Viet Nam was divided, the soldiers are Vietnam because the Viet Namese have fought valiantly to American government does not want maintain their independence in the face the Vietnamese government to become of the continuing threat from the North. communist. The Vietnamese people will Shortly after the division eight years not successfully defeat communism ago it became apparent that they could without help from other countries who not be successful in their defense oppose communism. without extensive assistance from other nations of the Free World community. If Viet Nam should fall, it will indicate to the people of Southeast Asia that The President believes that if Vietnam complete Communist domination of becomes a communist country, the rest their part of the world is almost of Southeast Asia will become inevitable. Your brother was in Viet Nam communist. If Vietnam becomes a because the threat to the Viet Namese community country, it is a threat to the people is, in the long run, a threat to the entire world. That is why Bobbie Lou’s Free world community, and ultimately a brother was sent to Vietnam. threat to us also. For when freedom is Communist countries are a threat to destroyed in one country, it is world freedom. threatened throughout the world. © Women and the American Story 2021 Page 4 of 8 GROWTH AND TURMOIL, 1948-1977 Cold War Beginnings I believe if you can see this as he must have seen it, you will believe as he must If Bobbie Lou can understand this have believed, that he did not die in explanation, she will understand that vain. Forty-five American soldiers, her brother died for a good cause. Forty including your brother, have given their five soldiers have died in Vietnam. They lives in Viet Nam. In their sacrifice they have all earned respect from America have earned the eternal gratitude of and the world. this Nation and other free men throughout the world. Sincerely, This letter was written by President John John F. Kennedy F. Kennedy. Papers of John F. Kennedy. Presidential Papers. White House Central Subject Files. National Security – Defense (ND). ND: 9-2-2: Condolence letters and communications: M: Executive. JFKWHCSF-0604-027. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. Background The United States had been involved in the fight to keep communism out of Vietnam since 1948. That year, President Harry Truman provided funds to stop a communist-led independence movement in Vietnam. As the situation evolved, so did American involvement. By 1961, newly-elected President John F. Kennedy was eager to continue the work of his predecessors. During his presidency, the United States provided funds, military advisers, and other non-combat support on the ground in Vietnam. Under President Kennedy, American soldiers advised the South Vietnamese Army. They did not participate in active combat. But their proximity to active warfare put them at risk.
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