Microwave Electronic News Gathering Chapter 3: Television Field Production Z Chapter 4: Telephone Systems and Interfacing Cc

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Microwave Electronic News Gathering Chapter 3: Television Field Production Z Chapter 4: Telephone Systems and Interfacing Cc z o Chapter 1: Radio Field Production F- Chapter 2: Microwave Electronic News Gathering Chapter 3: Television Field Production z_ Chapter 4: Telephone Systems and Interfacing cc co cc o a w o w oc mg M1111111 ma 7 t w 6.1 Radio Field Production Jerry Whitaker Editor Broadcast Engineering Magazine Overland Park, Kansas Radio stations have used the remote location is heard at such gatherings, resist the urge to be broadcast for decades to bring the listener an negative when someone asks for a level of per- added sense of realism and excitement. Although formance that is not practical. Hear everyone out. the concept of the remote -as it is better Even though the engineers present at the meetings known -has not changed substantially over the may know that it is impossible to provide every years, the means to accomplish the task has been reporter on the staff with a separate frequency quantum leaps in performance, ease of operation that can be received at the studio from anywhere and reliability. Radio Electronic News Gathering in town, at least listen to what the users would (RENG) systems of today can be configured to like the system to do. The realities of station provide virtually any degree of sophistication re- economics and the laws of physics can be ex- quired by the station. As with any other area of plained after the desires of the participants have broadcasting, the key to a successful RENG sys- been outlined. Many -perhaps most -RENG sys- tem is thoughtful planning. tems were built on a piecemeal basis, as needs dictated and economics allowed. The lack of a unified plan has often lead to RENG systems that PLANNING THE NETWORK are cumbersome to operate and -in the long run -more expensive than necessary to build for a The importance of careful planning of a RENG given level of performance. system cannot be over emphasized. The network The size and layout of the station's market will should be configured based on the precise needs have a substantial effect on how the RENG net- of the station. All persons that will be involved work is designed. A system intended to cover a in the use of the system should be consulted to sprawling urban area of 10,000 square miles will determine just what type of arrangement will be be configured much differently than a tightly needed. Whether a station's format is "all news" clustered urban center covering 2,000 square or, "AOR," all persons in the news, production miles. The number of stations in the market that and engineering departments should sit down and are involved in RENG activity may also affect define the requirements of the network. Whatever how a system is designed, and what types of equipment are used. Stations in major metro- Additional information for this chapter was provided by Richard A. politan areas may find that few, if any, frequen- Rudman; Engineering Manager, KFWB Radio; Los Angeles. cies are available for RENG activity. 6.1 -1 6.1-2 Section 6: Remote Program Origination Program material can be returned from the WIRED SYSTEMS field to the studio though either of two common for news, sports routes -wired telephone lines or wireless trans- Wired communication systems can a number of different mission systems of various types. The route back or programming take telco equalized loops to sophis- to the studio will depend upon a number of fac- forms, from basic -line frequency extension tors, including the location of the event, the ticated single or multi dial -up network. An equalized availability of telephone lines, the amount of set- systems using the user a simple, reliable link to the up time provided and the duration of the broad- line offers the The drawbacks include inflexibility, in- cast. studio. stallation lead -time and installation or rental costs. Using the dial -up network gives the user Wired vs. Wireless a greater degree of flexibility than with standard loops, however the level of performance Until the 1960's, the word "remote" was rare- equalized (when a bandwith extension system is not used) ly spoken without reference in the same sentence leaves a great deal to be desired. The most to "the telephone company." Wired systems, popular way around this problem is through the either using the dial -up network or leased broad- use of a 2 -line frequency extender system, as il- cast loops, provided the vast majority of inter- lustrated in Fig. 1. connections from remote broadcast sites to a sta- There are a wide variety of extension methods, tion's studio facilities. Since that time, however, each with a different way of accomplishing the radio systems have assumed an important role in speaking, however, audio from remote activities because they inherently offer task. Generally the remote source is split into two frequency greater flexibility and generally provide the user bands by a filtering network. The higher frequen- with a higher -quality audio link. cy components are shifted lower by a conversion ideally suited for broadcasts Radio systems are circuit for application to the telephone company duration from a variety of loca- of relatively short dial -up network. The lower frequency compo- course of a week's time). Meet- tions (during the nents are shifted upward by a second conversion and sporting events, however, are ings, speeches circuit and applied to a second telephone line. a wired arrangement. probably best handled by At the studio demodulator end, the two signals frequency congestion in the The amount of are frequency- shifted back to their original values, will also have an effect on which origination area filtered and re- combined to form the output of will choose for the greatest reli- method a station the system. Variations on this method include the in which secure RPU chan- ability. Urban areas use of single or multi -band compressors, variable to nels are difficult to find may be best -suited equalization and compandor circuits. The use of a wired link. audio compression at the transmitting (remote) The amount of lead -time given the station be- point, and reciprocal expansion at the receiving fore various events that need to be covered will (studio) end, can provide a substantial reduction also have a significant effect on the route taken in apparent line noise. from by the program audio back to the studio An interesting application of a single -line en- that are scheduled the remote site. Broadcasts coder /decoder is shown in Fig. 2. Audio from obvious candidates for use weeks in advance are a news or sports story is recorded at high speed loop. Spot news events, of a telephone company on a two -speed tape recorder. When the material do not lend themselves to on the other hand, is fed to the station, the low speed is used and let weeks in ad- planning days in advance, alone the recorder output is fed through a single -line a radio vance. In such applications, therefore, bandwidth extension system. At the studio end, system is most practical. the feed is recorded on the low speed of another The cost of telco facilities must also be con- 2-speed machine. When the program material is sidered. Unless the loop is to be left in place for played back on high speed at the studio, an effec- a long period of time, installation charges can tive doubling of frequency response at the high become prohibitive, especially if high-perfor- end is achieved. With this arrangement, it is thus mance equalized lines are needed for the applica- possible to squeeze a signal bandwidth of 100 Hz- the cost tion. Many stations are able to justify 5 kHz through a single dial -up telco line. Corn - of a RENG radio system based solely on the telco panding circuits, if used in the bandwidth exten- savings that can be anticipated. sion unit, will also improve the line's apparent This discussion does not mean to imply that signal -to -noise (S /N) performance. stations should choose between either a wired link Large -scale systems are often or a wireless system. Remote built using both interconnection methods, either Setting Up a Wired as various links in the chain or as back -up pro- If a wired remote is chosen for a particular tection, in the event of a partial system failure. broadcast, the station has a number of options Chapter 1: Radio Field Production 6.1 -3 MODULATOR TERMINAL DEMODULATOR TERMINAL r TELEPHONE LINE 1 - - - - - - - 4002850 Ha LOWPASS FREQUENCY O UENCY LOWP ASS FILTER SHIFTER SHIFFRETER FILTER 502500 Hz «350 Hz -350 Hz 502500 Hz AUDIO AMPLIFIER AUDIO INPUT SPLITTER ADDER ( OUTPUT 504950 Hz 504950 Hz TELEPHONE LINE 2 I 4002850 Hz HIGHPASS FREQUENCY FREQUENCY HIGHPASS FILTER SHIFTER SHIFTER FILTER 25004950 Hz -2100 Hz 2100 Hz 2500-4950 Hz L Fig. 1. The basic two -line frequency extension process for dial -up telephone links. (Courtesy of C. N. Rood.) 50Hz- 2.5kHz 50H0.2.5kHz TELEPHONE LINE TAPE RECORDER 400Hz- 2.55kHz TAPE RECORDER FREQUENCY FREQUENCY AUDIO SHIFTER SHIFTER -1AUDIO INPUT N b Q-Q + 350Hz 350Hz Q_CD 0UTPUT 100Hz-5kHz 100Hz.5kHz RECORD AT 7Y.Ip1 RECORD AT 3' /.Ips PLAY AT 3z/.Ips PLAY AT 7'Alps Fig. 2. A frequency doubling technique using 2 -speed tape recorders and a single -line bandwidth extension system. (Courtesy C. N. Rood.) in terms of equipment and configurations. The telco lines. Generally, however, any audio loop decision on how to originate the remote location that goes through more than one exchange should programming will depend upon the requirements be left to the phone company, which has had of the particular broadcast.
Recommended publications
  • Application of Closed Circuit Television for Traffic Surveillance in Texas
    APPLICATION OF CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION FOR TRAFFIC SURVEILLANCE IN TEXAS by William R. McCasland Research Engineer Texas Transportation Institute and Raymond G. Biggs Engineering Technician Texas Highway Department Research Report Number 139-11 Freeway Control and Information Systems Research Study Number 2-8-69-139 Sponsored by The Texas Highway Department In Cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration TEXAS TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE Texas A&M University College Station, Texas August 1971 ABSTRACT Closed circuit television (CCTV) has been used for surveillance of traffic and transportation facilities for many years. However, the num­ ber of operating systems are few bec,ause their effectiveness as a long term surveillance system has been suspect due to the inclusion of human observers in the surveillance loop. The use of CCTV for short intensive observations necessary to research and traffic studies has been success­ ful. The accelerating development of area wide traffic surveillance, control, and communications systems for urban areas will increase the interest in the use of CCTV as part of the surveillance system. There are four operating CCTV systems in Texas that are used for traffic sur­ veillance. Each system has different design and operating characteris­ tics. DISCLAIMER The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed ,or implied in this report are those of the research agency and not necessarily those of the Texas Highway Department or the Federal Highway Administration. SUMMARY There are four closed circuit television systems in Texas that are designed and operated for traffic surveillance. Each system has different design and operating characteristics to satisfy the surveillance require­ ments.
    [Show full text]
  • International Planning Guide
    International Planning guide Indianapolis February 2012 Dear Super Bowl Broadcaster: With the NFL season about to get underway, preparations have begun for Super Bowl XLVI February 5, 2012 in Indianapolis, Indiana. If you plan to broadcast the game from the stadium, please note the following deadlines: 1. Sign and return the “Letter of Intent” AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. This is the only way to ensure your booth position is reserved. Requests received after September 9th are granted on a space-available basis. 2. Fill out and return the “Technical Requirements Form” and "General Services Form" by November 11, 2011. A cost estimate is generated for you by mid-December. Your assigned Unit Manager will be available to review details. If you withdraw after December 14, 2011 out-of-pocket costs will apply. 3. Fill out and return the "Accreditation and Hotel Request Forms" to the NY Office by November 18, 2011. 4. Sign and return a service contract from NFL Films by January 06, 2012. Your Unit Manager will review this with you and give you an opportunity to ask questions before signing the contract. At this time, you will be financially obligated to pay for the cost of your commentary position and any other services rendered. Additional requests and changes may be made until Game Day Thank you in advance for your cooperation this season. We look forward to working with you to assure your Super Bowl broadcast will be successful and rewarding. Best regards, Jeff Lombardi Director of International Production Operations LETTER of INTENT FOR ON-SITE BROADCAST SUPER BOWL XLVI ___________________________ intends to broadcast Super Bowl XLVI (Company Name) from Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis on February 5, 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Comrex's Future Takes Shape with IP
    www.tvtechnology.com/04-08-15 TV TECHNOLOGY April 8, 2015 21 TK Comrex’s Future Takes Shape With IP Company’s NAB booth to feature updated LiveShot, BRIC-Link II BY SUSAN ASHWORTH productions for television,” he said. “Over the last several decades we’ve been in LAS VEGAS—Building on its experience the radio space but we’ve had so many of in remote broadcasting technology, our radio customers move on to TV [and Comrex will come to the 2015 NAB Show adopted] our audio-over-IP codec, so we with IP on its mind, showcasing technology had a lot of requests to make something that the company sees as the future of live as portable and compact as our audio video broadcasting. products but for television.” Comrex will introduce the newest What’s especially compelling about this version of LiveShot, a system that allows segment of the market, he said, is that there broadcasters to tackle remote broadcast are people “who are doing really creative setups that would be tough with and unique broadcasts with our products traditional wired configurations. Using because [they] offer two-way video and Comrex ACCESS audio IP codecs, LiveShot return video to the field and intercom in a sends live HD video and audio over IP. The small little package.” system addresses technical inconsistencies For example, at a recent air show in in public Internet locales and provides Wisconsin, two wireless Comrex devices access to low-latency broadcast-quality were used by a local broadcaster for their live video streaming, including 3G, 4G, and multicamera fieldwork.
    [Show full text]
  • Broadcasting Department of Broadcasting and Journalism, College of Fine Arts and Communication
    WESTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY Broadcasting Department of Broadcasting and Journalism, College of Fine Arts and Communication Program of Study The Department of Broadcasting and Journalism offers a Bachelor of Arts in Broadcasting and Sports Broadcasting. The broadcasting curriculum is designed to meet the challenges of media convergence by providing multi-platform production skills to students. Students operate an FM broadcast station, WIUS and produce programming for wiutv3, using state-of-the-art, high-definition television facilities. Graduates of the program enter various careers in television, radio, cable, satellite and post-production operations, including directing, producing, reporting, on-air talent programming, sales, advertising, sports and post-production. News/Performance The news/performance track focuses on the preparation of students for careers in front of the camera and/or microphone. The wiutv3 station is the outlet for live, local television newscasts. Students learn to gather news, cover news events, edit news packages and produce and direct half-hour newscasts that reach Macomb and McDonough County viewers. There are opportunities to be reporters and anchors (news, weather and sports), as well as to produce and direct newscasts. WIUS-FM is the music, news and sports outlet on the radio side. On-air shifts are available to all majors every semester. WIUS-FM and wiutv3 are student-run, under the guidance of faculty and staff. Production The production track is designed for students interested in working in video, audio and/or film production and post-production. The program is hands-on and students work with faculty and peers in an interactive environment to learn production and editing skills.
    [Show full text]
  • Report of Contributions
    MT25 Conference 2017 - Timetable, Abstracts, Orals and Posters Report of Contributions https://indico.cern.ch/e/MT25-2017 MT25 Conferenc … / Report of Contributions 3D Electromagnetic Analysis of Tu … Contribution ID: 5 Type: Poster Presentation of 1h45m 3D Electromagnetic Analysis of Tubular Permanent Magnet Linear Launcher Tuesday, 29 August 2017 13:15 (1h 45m) A short stroke and large thrust axial magnetized tubular permanent magnet linear launcher (TPMLL) with non-ferromagnetic rings is presented in this paper. Its 3D finite element (FE) models are estab- lished for sensitivity analyses on some parameters, such as air gap thickness, permanent magnet thickness, permanent magnet width, stator yoke thickness and four types of permanent magnet material, ferrite, NdFeB, AlNiCO5 and Sm2CO17 are conducted to achieve greatest thrust. Then its 2D finite element (FE) models are also established. The electromagnetic thrusts calculated by 2D and 3D finite element method (FEM) and got from prototype test are compared. Moreover, the prototype static and dynamic tests are conducted to verify the 2D and 3D electromagnetic analysis. The FE software FLUX provides the interface with the MATLAB/Simulink to establish combined simulation. To improve the accuracy of the simulation, the combined simulation between the model of the control system in Matlab/Simulink and the 3D FE model of the TPMLL in FLUX is built in this paper. The combined simulation between the control system and the 3D FE modelof the TPMLL is built. A prototype is manufactured according to the final designed dimensions. The photograph of the developed TPMLL prototype with thrust sensor and the magnetic powder brake as the load are shown.
    [Show full text]
  • IEEE/PES Transformers Committee
    Transformers Committee Chair: Sue McNelly Vice Chair: Bruce Forsyth Secretary: Ed teNyenhuis Treasurer: Paul Boman Awards Chair/Past Chair: Stephen Antosz Standards Coordinator: Jim Graham IEEE/PES Transformers Committee Spring 2019 Meeting Minutes Anaheim, CA March 24 – 28, 2019 Unapproved (These minutes are on the agenda to be approved at the next meeting in Fall 2019) TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE ITEMS 1.0 Agenda 2.0 Attendance OPENING SESSION – MONDAY MARCH 25, 2019 3.0 Approval of Agenda and Previous Minutes – Susan McNelly 4.0 Chair’s Remarks & Report – Susan McNelly 5.0 Vice Chair’s Report – Bruce Forsyth 6.0 Secretary’s Report – Ed teNyenhuis 7.0 Treasurer’s Report – Paul Boman 8.0 Awards Report – Stephen Antosz 9.0 Administrative SC Meeting Report – Susan McNelly 10.0 Standards Report – Jim Graham 11.0 Liaison Reports 11.1. CIGRE – Craig Swinderman 11.2. IEC TC14 – Phil Hopkinson 11.3. Standards Coordinating Committee, SCC No. 18 (NFPA/NEC) – David Brender 11.4. Standards Coordinating Committee, SCC No. 4 (Electrical Insulation) – Evanne Wang 11.5. ASTM D27 – Tom Prevost 12.0 Approval of Transformer Committee P&P Manual - Bruce Forsyth 13.0 Hot Topics for the Upcoming – Subcommittee Chairs 14.0 Opening Session Adjournment CLOSING SESSION – THURSDAY MARCH 28, 2019 15.0 Chair’s Remarks and Announcements – Susan McNelly 16.0 Meetings Planning SC Minutes & Report – Tammy Behrens 17.0 Reports from Technical Subcommittees (decisions made during the week) 18.0 Report from Standards Subcommittee (issues from the week) 19.0
    [Show full text]
  • The Essential Guide to Audio Over IP for Broadcasters 2 5
    The Essential Guide To Audio OverIP FOR BROADCASTERS Powerful Performance | Powerful Control | Powerful Savings i 1. Why IP for Broadcast Audio? Reasons to Migrate to Audio over IP ..........................................................................................................8 1. Flexibility ..................................................................................................................................................................................8 2. Cost ...........................................................................................................................................................................................8 3. Scalability ................................................................................................................................................................................9 4. Reliability (yes really!) .........................................................................................................................................................9 5. Availability ..............................................................................................................................................................................9 6. Control and Monitoring .....................................................................................................................................................9 7. Network Consolidation ......................................................................................................................................................9
    [Show full text]
  • YOUR BROADCAST/AV EQUIPMENT SPECIALISTS 1.800.438.6040 704.889.4508 Scmsinc.Com
    YOUR BROADCAST/AV EQUIPMENT SPECIALISTS 1.800.438.6040 704.889.4508 scmsinc.com Welcome... Founded in 1976, Southern Coastal Marketing Services, Inc. (SCMS)—a broadcast equipment representative—rapidly evolved into a leading stocking distributor and reseller of broadcast equipment. This was due primarily to market changes and the need for turnkey packages that included installation and engineering efforts. Historically, SCMS has served the southeast but has grown to serve customers throughout the United States and Latin America. Today, we employ 19 sales represen- tatives and have 11 field offices in addition to our North Carolina corporate office. Our North Carolina facility features over 12,000 square feet of office and warehouse space—enough area to stock critical equipment and get it shipped to the consumer! Customers rely on SCMS in the fields of professional radio, audio/visual, television broadcast, educational and religious venues and for skilled and knowledgeable solutions and great broadcast gear. Our intent is to not only offer you a perfect fit in broadcast equipment but also a continuing relationship for future projects and builds. The SCMS team is eager to earn your trust and keep it. There is a radio station everywhere! Bob Cauthen, President, in the Turks and Caicos Islands. SCMS has been your Broadcast/AV Equipment Solutions provider for 42 years. You know we know radio! Some of the SCMS group in a meeting. Corporate Headquarters: 10201 Rodney Street • Pineville, NC 28134 Equipment That Performs STUDIO PRODUCTS Clocks
    [Show full text]
  • A~'? ~1 I0 4 THRU) (ACCESSION NUMBER)
    SATELLITES PROGRAM ON APPLICATION OF COMMUNICATIONS TO EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY May, 1971 Report No. T-71/2 STILL-PICTURE TELEVISION (SPTV) TRANSMISSION Gulab Sharma A~'? ~1 i0 4 THRU) (ACCESSION NUMBER) O~ l _(PAGES) Z3 (NASACRORM"ORADNUMBE REPRODUCED BY- NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE K U S DEPARTMENT OFCOMMERCE SPRINGFIELD, VA. 22161 / MISSOURI 63130 WASHINGTON UNIVCRSITY / SAINT LOUIS PROGRAM ON APPLICATION OF COMMUNICATIONS SATELLITES TO EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY Report No T-71/2 May, 1971 STILL-PICTURE TELEVISION (SPTV) TRANSMISSION Gulab Sharma I This research is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No Y/NGL-26-08-054 and it does not necessarily represent the views of either the research team as a whole or NASA WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SEVER INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT STILL-PICTURE TELEVISION TRANSMISSION by Gulab Sharma ADVISOR: Professor D.L. Snyder June, 1971 Saint Louis, Missouri To produce a diversity of program material in a limited frequency spectrum, various multichannel, continuous-audio still-video, television transmission-systems, compatible to the existing systems, have been suggested and investigated. In this report, we categorize and describe these alternative systems and identify some of the system parameters and con­ straints. The issues explored are: the number of still picture channels that can be realized in a limited spectrum, the interrelation of various parameters with system con­ straints, and general system considerations. iii Preceding page blank TABLE OF CONTENTS No. Page 1. Introduction.....................................1 1.1 Main Objective and Scope ................... 2 1.2 Television Broadcast Standards ............. 3 1.3 System Performance Objectives .............. 4 1.4 Subjective Picture Quality ................
    [Show full text]
  • MASS COMMUNICATIONS and DESIGN FALL 2017 Chair’S Note Sports Broadcasting Grows by Melissa Sgroi, Ed.D
    MCAD MASS COMMUNICATIONS AND DESIGN FALL 2017 Chair’s Note Sports Broadcasting Grows By Melissa Sgroi, Ed.D. By Dan Kimbrough, Assistant Professor Our students did New equipment purchases, with help from it yet again: Three Athletics and Alumni Relations, allows for students won media expanded coverage of MU events. We’ve awards. Each upgraded our state-of-the-art Tricaster student honed his system to allow for NDI capabilities, which or her skills through means we can send a video signal from work in class and different areas of campus back to our student media— TV studio in Lower Walsh Hall. We can MCN87 television, do multi-camera live production from Service by Design, Mangelsdorf Field, Anderson Sports Sean Lynch (2018) calls a game with Parker Cougar Radio and The Highlander—and Center, and the Lemmond Theater. These Abate (2019). they compete with students throughout events will be live streamed so off campus the state and the nation. fans will be able to view events. We also so that family, friends and alumni of MU have new cameras that will allow for single can stream the events. This will also help We are also celebrating our new Sports camera events to be live streamed as well. bolster our new Sport Communication Communications Specialization, which curriculum as students will get hands- is enrolling now. Cougar Radio and MCN 87 are working on training in shooting, producing and on covering all MU home athletic events directing live sports and events. Sport communication is a growing segment within the field, as it involves the robust integration of multiple media products and platforms.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventing Television: Transnational Networks of Co-Operation and Rivalry, 1870-1936
    Inventing Television: Transnational Networks of Co-operation and Rivalry, 1870-1936 A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the faculty of Life Sciences 2011 Paul Marshall Table of contents List of figures .............................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 2 .............................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 3 .............................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 4 .............................................................................................................. 8 Chapter 5 .............................................................................................................. 8 Chapter 6 .............................................................................................................. 9 List of tables ................................................................................................................ 9 Chapter 1 .............................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 2 .............................................................................................................. 9 Chapter 6 .............................................................................................................. 9 Abstract ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Eletoz/Vie Patented Sept
    Sept. 7, 1926. 1,598,673 O. B. BLACKWELL ET AL SECRECY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Filed Dec. 18, 1920 R (2AA%aeaeAA 8 eletoz/vie Patented Sept. 7, 1926. 1,598,673 UNITED STATES PATENT office. OTTO B. BLACKWELL, OF GARDEN CITY, NEW YORK; DE Loss K. MARTIN, or oRANGE, NEW JERSEY; AND GILBERT S. VERNAM, OF BROOKLYN, NEw YoRK, AssGNORs TO AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH. COMPANY, A CoRFoRATION of NEW YORK, sECREGY coMMUNICATIoN sYSTEM. Application filed December 18, 1920. Serial No. 431,721. This invention relates to a signaling sys pear more fully from the detailed descrip 50 tem wherein signals are transmitted by the tion hereinafter given. agency of a high frequency wave modu The arrangements of the invention are ill lated in accordance with said signals, and lustrated in the accompanying drawing, in more particularly to a signalling system em the figure of which is shown a sendingsta ploying a plurality of high frequency tion of a system embodying the invention. 35 waves. It is the object of the invention to In the arrangements of the drawing are rovide a system of communication where shown four low frequency channels 1, 2, 3 y secret communications between stations and 4 from which the low frequency sig 10 may be had to the end that stations, other nals, such as four telephone messages, may than those designed to receive, may not re be transmitted through modulating appara 60 ceive complete, intelligible signals. tus out over a transmission line L. The Heretofore in certain types of signaling modulating apparatus is shown schemati systems, in which a high frequency wave is cally and includes the modulators M., M., 15 utilized as the agency for transmitting the Me and Ma, with which are associated the signals, he signals have been transmitted high frequency sources A, B, C, and D, 65 by electromagnetic waves of a definite high which are of suitable different frequencies.
    [Show full text]