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Associations Between Greenspace and Street Crimes in Toronto: Evidence from a Spatial Analysis Study at Dissemination Area Level
Associations between Greenspace and street Crimes in Toronto: Evidence from a spatial analysis study at dissemination area level by Odunayo Onifade A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Geography Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2020 © Odunayo Onifade 2020 Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract Introduction: Earlier criminologists have explored various factors generating or attracting crime in urban cities coupled with crime studies focusing on the influence of social, built and natural environments in urban centres. According to Statistics Canada (2019), the Crime severity index of Canada and Toronto has been on the rise since 2014, which found the violent crime severity index showing higher trends than non-violent crime severity. This study, first, examined the crime trends and seasonality in Toronto. Next, the association between greenspace variables and street crime rates across the city at the dissemination level using the spatial statistical methods were explored. Previous crime studies have also investigated the relationship between the crime rate (property and violent) and greenspace, albeit this study only focused on analyzing crime that usually occurs outsides, namely “street crimes.” There are two schools of thought concerning the association between crime rates and greenspace. The first belief suggests greenspace facilitates criminal activities because it conceals the offender from the victims/bystanders, while the second belief insists that greenspace deter criminal activities. -
Liste Des Députés De L'assemblée Nationale Du Québec
Liste des députés de l'Assemblée nationale du Québec Député: Allaire, Simon Circonscription représentée: Maskinongé Parti politique: Coalition avenir Québec Région(s) administrative(s) de la Mauricie circonscription: Fonctions parlementaires et ministérielles: Vice-président de la Commission de l’aménagement du territoire Membre de la Commission de l’agriculture, des pêcheries, de l’énergie et des ressources naturelles Coordonnées Parlement Hôtel du Parlement 1045, rue des Parlementaires RC, RC 74 Québec (Québec) G1A 1A4 Téléphone: 418 644-0617 Courriel: [email protected] Circonscription 429, boul. St-Laurent Est Louiseville (Québec) J5V 1H5 Téléphone: 819 228-9722 Téléphone sans frais: 1 877 528-9722 Télécopieur: 819 228-0040 Courriel: [email protected] 1 Député: Anglade, Dominique Circonscription représentée: Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne Parti politique: Parti libéral du Québec Région(s) administrative(s) de la Montréal circonscription: Fonctions parlementaires et ministérielles: Vice-présidente de la Commission des institutions Membre de la Commission de l’économie et du travail Porte-parole de l’opposition officielle en matière d’économie Coordonnées Parlement Hôtel du Parlement 1045, rue des Parlementaires 2e étage, Bureau 2.93 Québec (Québec) G1A 1A3 Téléphone: 581 628-1854 Courriel: Dominique.Anglade.SHSA@assnat. qc.ca Circonscription 3269, rue Saint-Jacques Montréal (Québec) H4C 1G8 Téléphone: 514 933-8796 Télécopieur: 514 933-4986 Courriel: Dominique.Anglade.SHSA@assnat. qc.ca 2 Député: Arcand, Pierre Circonscription -
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CANADA House of Commons Debates VOLUME 144 Ï NUMBER 025 Ï 2nd SESSION Ï 40th PARLIAMENT OFFICIAL REPORT (HANSARD) Friday, March 6, 2009 Speaker: The Honourable Peter Milliken CONTENTS (Table of Contents appears at back of this issue.) Also available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address: http://www.parl.gc.ca 1393 HOUSE OF COMMONS Friday, March 6, 2009 The House met at 10 a.m. Some hon. members: Yes. The Speaker: The House has heard the terms of the motion. Is it the pleasure of the House to adopt the motion? Prayers Some hon. members: Agreed. (Motion agreed to) GOVERNMENT ORDERS Mr. Mark Warawa (Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of the Environment, CPC) moved that Bill C-17, An Act to Ï (1005) recognize Beechwood Cemetery as the national cemetery of Canada, [English] be read the second time and referred to the Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development. NATIONAL CEMETERY OF CANADA ACT He said: Mr. Speaker, I would like to begin by seeking unanimous Hon. Jay Hill (Leader of the Government in the House of consent to share my time. Commons, CPC): Mr. Speaker, momentarily, I will be proposing a motion by unanimous consent to expedite passage through the The Speaker: Does the hon. member have unanimous consent to House of an important new bill, An Act to recognize Beechwood share his time? Cemetery as the national cemetery of Canada. However, before I Some hon. members: Agreed. propose my motion, which has been agreed to in advance by all parties, I would like to take a quick moment to thank my colleagues Mr. -
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CANADA House of Commons Debates VOLUME 137 Ï NUMBER 182 Ï 1st SESSION Ï 37th PARLIAMENT OFFICIAL REPORT (HANSARD) Friday, May 3, 2002 Speaker: The Honourable Peter Milliken CONTENTS (Table of Contents appears at back of this issue.) All parliamentary publications are available on the ``Parliamentary Internet Parlementaire´´ at the following address: http://www.parl.gc.ca 11161 HOUSE OF COMMONS Friday, May 3, 2002 The House met at 10 a.m. We must, however, take care not to go to the opposite extreme and enact legislation with potential negative impact on the rights and freedoms of those we wish to protect, under the guise of fighting Prayers terrorism. We do not have to go far back in time to recall the late unlamented Bill C-42, so criticized for its negative effects on Ï (1010) fundamental rights and freedoms. [English] At the time, the government was busy boasting right and left of BUSINESS OF THE HOUSE what an ardent promoter of public security it was, rejecting the criticisms that were being made from this side of the House. Now The Deputy Speaker: It is my duty pursuant to Standing Order here we are again, starting off a new debate on a similar bill, 81 to inform the House that the motion to be considered Monday although a few changes have been made. during consideration of the business of supply is as follows: That, in the opinion of this House, the government should cease and desist its Why are we having this new debate? Simply because the public, sustained legislative and political attacks on the lives and livelihoods of rural Canadians and the communities where they live. -
YOUTH ARMED VIOLENCE INTERVENTIONS: the Caribbean and Its Toronto Diaspora
YOUTH ARMED VIOLENCE INTERVENTIONS: The Caribbean and its Toronto Diaspora Sandra Chadwick-Parkes, PhD Project Ploughshares 57 Erb Street West Waterloo, Ontario Canada N2L 6C2 Tel: (519) 888-6541 Website: http//www.ploughshares.ca About this Paper This paper was prepared for the Small Arms Working Group of Peacebuild. Project Ploughshares was the Coordinator of the Small Arms Working Group from 2004 through to 2010. The paper is part of a series that explored the relationship between armed violence and development. Peacebuild Peacebuild, the Canadian Peacebuilding Network, is a member-based network of Canadian non-governmental organizations and institutions, academics and individuals engaged in a wide range of activities related to addressing the cause and consequences of violent conflict, Peacebuild 207-145 Spruce Street Ottawa, Ontario, KIR 6P1, Canada Tel: (613) 232-0647 www.peacebuild.ca Project Ploughshares Project Ploughshares is a non-governmental organization that works with churches, nongovernmental organizations, and governments, in Canada and abroad, to advance policies and actions that prevents war and armed violence and build peace. Project Ploughshares 57 Erb Street West Waterloo, Ontario N2L 6C2 Canada 519-888-6541 Fax: 519-888-0018 [email protected] www.ploughshares.ca Acknowledgment This research was undertaken with the financial support of the Government of Canada provided through the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA). Disclaimer Peacebuild and Project Ploughshares Working Papers are published to contribute to public discussion and debate of peace and security issues. The views and policies presented in this paper are the author’s and do not necessarily reflect the policies of Peacebuild, Project Ploughshares and its sponsoring churches and agencies, or the Canadian International Development Agency. -
CRIME and INDIVIDUAL and NEIGHBOURHOOD SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS in the CITY of TORONTO BY: GABBY LEE BA Geographic Analysis, Ryerson University, 2016
CRIME AND INDIVIDUAL AND NEIGHBOURHOOD SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS IN THE CITY OF TORONTO BY: GABBY LEE BA Geographic Analysis, Ryerson University, 2016 A MRP presented to Ryerson University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Spatial Analysis in the program of Spatial Analysis Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2017 ©Gabby Lee, 2017 Abstract: The overall objective of this study is to determine what neighbourhood and offender-related demographic characteristics impact crime rates in the City of Toronto. By doing so, quantitative and qualitative approaches were implemented in this study. This study includes both property and violent crime datasets from 2014-2016 and census related information from the 2011 Canadian Census. The advancing techniques of Geographical Information System (GIS) has been explored and applied to achieve a thorough understanding of crime occurrences and patterns in the city. Hotspot and Kernel Density mapping were applied to analyze the spatial distribution of crime occurrences and account for spatial autocorrelation. Findings revealed that property and violent crimes across the three years of study showed similar distribution of significant hotspots in the core, Northwest, and East end of the city. An Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression was conducted to examine the ways in which individual and neighbourhood demographic characteristics predict the effects of crime occurrences. The OLS model was a good predictor for offender-related demographics as opposed to neighbourhood level demographics at the 0.05 significant level. These findings revealed that social disadvantaged neighbourhood characteristics such as low income, unemployment, low education, female lone parent were poor predictors of property crimes but good predictors for violent crimes. -
List of Members of the National Assembly of Québec
List of Members of the National Assembly of Québec Member: Allaire, Simon Electoral division: Maskinongé Political Coalition avenir Québec Administrative region(s) of the Mauricie affiliation: electoral division: Parliamentary and ministerial functions: Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister Responsible for Government Administration and Chair of the Conseil du trésor Member of the Committee on Agriculture, Fisheries, Energy and Natural Resources Contact details Parliament Hôtel du Parlement 1045, rue des Parlementaires RC, Bureau RC 72 Québec (Quebec) G1A 1A4 Telephone: 418-644-0617 Email: [email protected] Electoral division 429, boul. St-Laurent Est Louiseville (Quebec) J5V 1H5 Telephone: 819-228-9722 Toll-free: 1-877-528-9722 Fax: 819-228-0040 Email: [email protected] 1 Member: Anglade, Dominique Electoral division: Saint-Henri–Sainte-Anne Political Quebec Liberal Party Administrative region(s) of the Montréal affiliation: electoral division: Parliamentary and ministerial functions: Leader of the Official Opposition Official Opposition Critic Responsible for the Charter of Regions 2 Contact details Parliament Hôtel du Parlement 1045, rue des Parlementaires 2e étage, Bureau 2.83 Québec (Quebec) G1A 1A4 Telephone: 581-628-1854 Email: Dominique.Anglade.SHSA@assnat. qc.ca Cabinet de la cheffe de l'opposition officielle Édifice Place Ville-Marie 1, Place Ville-Marie 10e étage, Bureau 1030 Montréal (Quebec) H3B 4S6 Telephone: 514-873-0970 Fax: 514-864-8996 Email: CheffeDominique.Anglade@assnat. qc.ca Service de recherche et des communications du Parti libéral Hôtel du Parlement 1045, rue des Parlementaires Sous-sol, Bureau 0.161 Québec (Quebec) G1A 1A4 Telephone: 418-643-9013 Fax: 418-643-2950 Electoral division 3269, rue Saint-Jacques Montréal (Quebec) H4C 1G8 Telephone: 514-933-8796 Fax: 514-933-4986 Email: Dominique.Anglade.SHSA@assnat. -
The Mulroney-Schreiber Affair - Our Case for a Full Public Inquiry
HOUSE OF COMMONS CANADA THE MULRONEY-SCHREIBER AFFAIR - OUR CASE FOR A FULL PUBLIC INQUIRY Report of the Standing Committee on Access to Information, Privacy and Ethics Paul Szabo, MP Chair APRIL, 2008 39th PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION The Speaker of the House hereby grants permission to reproduce this document, in whole or in part for use in schools and for other purposes such as private study, research, criticism, review or newspaper summary. Any commercial or other use or reproduction of this publication requires the express prior written authorization of the Speaker of the House of Commons. If this document contains excerpts or the full text of briefs presented to the Committee, permission to reproduce these briefs, in whole or in part, must be obtained from their authors. Also available on the Parliamentary Internet Parlementaire: http://www.parl.gc.ca Available from Communication Canada — Publishing, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9 THE MULRONEY-SCHREIBER AFFAIR - OUR CASE FOR A FULL PUBLIC INQUIRY Report of the Standing Committee on Access to Information, Privacy and Ethics Paul Szabo, MP Chair APRIL, 2008 39th PARLIAMENT, 2nd SESSION STANDING COMMITTEE ON ACCESS TO INFORMATION, PRIVACY AND ETHICS Paul Szabo Pat Martin Chair David Tilson Liberal Vice-Chair Vice-Chair New Democratic Conservative Dean Del Mastro Sukh Dhaliwal Russ Hiebert Conservative Liberal Conservative Hon. Charles Hubbard Carole Lavallée Richard Nadeau Liberal Bloc québécois Bloc québécois Glen Douglas Pearson David Van Kesteren Mike Wallace Liberal Conservative Conservative iii OTHER MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT WHO PARTICIPATED Bill Casey John Maloney Joe Comartin Hon. Diane Marleau Patricia Davidson Alexa McDonough Hon. Ken Dryden Serge Ménard Hon. -
Race, Place and Crime Through the Lens of Toronto's Print Media By
Race, Place and Crime through the Lens of Toronto’s Print Media By Vanessa N. Rhodes A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in The Faculty of Social Science and Humanities Criminology University of Ontario Institute of Technology July 2015 © Vanessa N. Rhodes, 2015 RACE, PLACE AND CRIME IN MEDIA Abstract Geographical areas with high concentrations of impoverished racialized groups tend to experience disproportionate rates of violence in Canada. As news media heavily focuses on crime reports, violence often comes to characterize the affected neighbourhoods. News reports can impact audience levels of fear and scholars argue that disproportionate reporting of crime-related events can instil fear among the public. To date, there has been no study that examines a moral panic of neighbourhoods. Therefore, this thesis examines how the racialization of crime and the criminalization of place coalesce to create a moral panic of a neighbourhood. To examine the media’s role in creating fear, two Toronto newspapers were sampled over a 14-year period. A frame analysis was conducted to investigate how Toronto newspapers framed Kingston- Galloway between 1998-2012. Findings suggest that Toronto newspapers racialize crime and criminalize place, which may aid in the construction of a moral panic of a neighbourhood. Keywords: Crime, frame analysis, moral panic, race, racialization i RACE, PLACE AND CRIME IN MEDIA Acknowledgements I would first like to thank my committee members, Dr. Steven Downing and Dr. Carla Cesaroni for your support throughout this process. Also, Dr. Scot Wortley for your insight and thoughtful advice. -
Requête De Vérification À La Vérificatrice Générale Du Canada
REQUÊTE DE VÉRIFICATION À LA VÉRIFICATRICE GÉNÉRALE DU CANADA Le 7 octobre 2008 1. Lettre à la Vérificatrice générale du Canada. Le 7 octobre 2008 TRANSMIS PAR COURRIEL EN PIÈCES JOINTES Madame Sheila Fraser Vérificatrice générale du Canada Bureau du vérificateur général du Canada 240, rue Sparks Ottawa (Ontario) K1A 0G6 Canada Objet: Requête de vérification des activités de Transports Canada et de son locataire Aéroports de Montréal (ADM) Madame Fraser, Qui sommes-nous? « Citoyens pour une Qualité de Vie » (CQV) est un organisme sans but lucratif constitué le 26 avril 1996, qui regroupe en corporation toutes les personnes intéressées à la défense et à la promotion de la protection de l'environnement et du bien-être social et économique de la population de la grande région de Montréal. Il a été fondé à peine deux mois après l'annonce précipitée par Aéroports de Montréal (ADM) de sa décision de transférer les vols internationaux de Mirabel à Dorval. CQV trouvait inacceptable qu'aucune véritable étude d'impacts sur la vie des citoyens riverains n'ait été entreprise, et sans aucune consultation publique. Après 12 ans de vaines tentatives d'obtenir justice par le biais du système de justice canadien, nous avons décidé, le 24 avril 2008, d'abandonner cette voie pour nous orienter vers l'approche politique. Entendons nous bien: nous déclarons solennellement n'être nullement un organisme partisan, parce qu'on retrouve parmi nos membres des citoyens de toutes les tendances politiques. Tout ce qui nous rassemble est uniquement basé sur un désir de justice et de probité de nos dirigeants politiques. -
2005 Environmental Scan
22000055 EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL SSCCAANN AUGUST 2005 2005 Enviirronmenttall Scan TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. Demographic Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................1 A. Toronto Population..........................................................................................2 B. Age Structure of the Population.......................................................................3 C. Population Composition...................................................................................6 Immigration..............................................................................................6 Diversity...................................................................................................8 Language..................................................................................................11 Religion ....................................................................................................13 Income......................................................................................................14 D. Divisional Profiles...........................................................................................17 Recommendations/Implications for Police Service .............................................17 Chapter Appendix (Divisional Demographics)....................................................20 II. Crime Trends Highlights.............................................................................................................31 -
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CANADA House of Commons Debates VOLUME 144 Ï NUMBER 020 Ï 2nd SESSION Ï 40th PARLIAMENT OFFICIAL REPORT (HANSARD) Friday, February 27, 2009 Speaker: The Honourable Peter Milliken CONTENTS (Table of Contents appears at back of this issue.) Also available on the Parliament of Canada Web Site at the following address: http://www.parl.gc.ca 1077 HOUSE OF COMMONS Friday, February 27, 2009 The House met at 10:05 a.m. That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 297. Motion No. 5 That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 298. Motion No. 6 Prayers That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 299. Mr. Thomas Mulcair (Outremont, NDP) moved: Motion No. 66 GOVERNMENT ORDERS That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 445. Motion No. 67 BUDGET IMPLEMENTATION ACT, 2009 That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 446. The House proceeded to the consideration of Bill C-10, An Act to Motion No. 68 implement certain provisions of the budget tabled in Parliament on That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 447. January 27, 2009 and related fiscal measures, as reported (without Motion No. 69 amendment) from the committee. That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 448. Ï (1005) Motion No. 70 [English] That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 449. Motion No. 71 SPEAKER'S RULING That Bill C-10 be amended by deleting Clause 450. The Speaker: There are 86 motions in amendment standing on Motion No. 72 the notice paper for the report stage of Bill C-10.