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The Asian & Pacific Islander Community in Multnomah County

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The Asian & Pacific Islander Community in Multnomah County contact information contact Coalition of Communities of Color Julia Meier, Director 5135 NE Columbia Blvd. Portland, OR 97218 Tel. (503) 288-8177 x295 Email: [email protected] Website: www.coalitioncommunitiescolor.org ISBN 978-0-9845216-5-4 Citation Curry-Stevens, A. & Coalition of Communities of Color (2012). The Asian and Pacific Islander Community in Multnomah County: An Unsettling Profile.Portland, OR: Portland State University. Dear Reader, The Asian and Pacific Islander Community in Multnomah County: An Unsettling Profile is one of six community-specific reports published by the Coalition of Communities of Color. This report builds on the Communities of Color in Multnomah County: An Unsettling Profile publication in 2010, that provided a comprehensive and comparative study of the inequities facing communities of color, immigrants and refugees. The findings, backed up by accurate and extensive data, are indeed unsettling, highlighting the persistent and in some cases growing disparities facing our communities. We see this as a wake-up call for public officials and policy-makers, and an opportunity for increased partnership and collective action for the advancement of racial equity. As Asian and Pacific Islander members of the Coalition, Asian Family Center of IRCO and Asian Pacific American Network of Oregon are proud to have been part of the development of this report. We are deeply appreciative of the broad and deep participation from Asian and Pacific Islander community members and allies over the last 3 years in the development of this report. These contributions, alongside the rigorous academic research and analysis, have helped produce a powerful and detailed portrayal of the state of Asian and Pacific Islanders. This will be a key tool in educating our communities and the communities at large, and for promoting a new policy environment that supports, rather than harms communities of color. One key recommendation in this report is to improve standards that ensure the disaggregation of data collection by race, ethnicity and language. This report documents the experiences of over 20 Asian and Pacific Islander ethnic groups, who are both largely diverse in language and culture, while at the same time profoundly linked by the impact of racism. The current standards that collect information about our community in one or two large categories masks the experiences of specific ethnicities preventing policy-makers from understanding the real issues that affect our communities. The false picture resulting from aggregated data too often leads us to accept the myth of the “model minority.” This report recognizes the disparities within distinct Asian Pacific American communities, and the role that advocates and public officials have in addressing these issues. We want to acknowledge the partnership among key groups that made this report possible. The member organizations of the Coalition of Communities of Color have worked steadfastly since its formation in 2001 to focus on the broader public policy issues that affect all communities of color. The data and findings from the six community-specific reports for Asian and Pacific Islander, African American, African immigrant and refugee, Native American, Latino, and Slavic communities, provide a critical knowledge base to drive institutional and policy reforms that support racial equity. This report is a call to action. We are grateful to the funders for this project: Northwest Health Foundation, Multnomah County, City of Portland, the United Way of Columbia–Willamette, and Portland State University. Contents Preface .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Data Adequacy ............................................................................................................................................ 14 Introducing the Asian & Pacific Islander Communities of Multnomah County .......................................... 17 Policy History .............................................................................................................................................. 18 Conventional Population Counts ................................................................................................................ 22 Community-Verified Population Counts ..................................................................................................... 24 Reasons for Non-Participation................................................................................................................ 24 Evidence of Undercounts ....................................................................................................................... 26 Asian & Pacific Islander Undercount ...................................................................................................... 27 Method #1: Department of Homeland Security’s Immigrant Undercount ........................................ 28 Method #2: Oregon Department of Education & Census Bureau by Age ......................................... 29 Method #3: Community-Verified Population Counts ........................................................................ 30 The Big Picture: Profiling the Asian (and sometimes API) Community ....................................................... 32 Population Demographics ...................................................................................................................... 32 Poverty Levels ......................................................................................................................................... 40 Incomes .................................................................................................................................................. 45 Occupations and Job Prospects .............................................................................................................. 48 Housing, Homelessness and Housing Affordability ................................................................................ 51 Education ................................................................................................................................................ 54 Health and its Barriers ............................................................................................................................ 71 Juvenile Justice and Adult Corrections ................................................................................................... 77 Child Welfare .......................................................................................................................................... 80 Civic Engagement ................................................................................................................................... 81 Comparison with King County ................................................................................................................ 84 Waves of Immigration ................................................................................................................................. 86 Arrival patterns ....................................................................................................................................... 87 Education ................................................................................................................................................ 89 Unemployment ....................................................................................................................................... 90 Incomes .................................................................................................................................................. 92 Occupations ............................................................................................................................................ 93 Poverty Levels ......................................................................................................................................... 94 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................. 95 Community-Specific Experiences ................................................................................................................ 95 The Chinese Community ......................................................................................................................... 95 Demographics .................................................................................................................................... 97 Economic Progress ............................................................................................................................. 98 Education and Employment ............................................................................................................. 103 Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 107 The Filipino Community ........................................................................................................................ 107 Demographics .................................................................................................................................
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