DOCSLIB.ORG

Input / Output Devices, Technologies and Techniques Oday's Topic Inputs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Input / Output Devices, Technologies and Techniques Oday's Topic Inputs Today's topic Input / output devices Input / Output devices, mouse, keyboard, etc. technologies and techniques Taxonomies Evaluation Diane Lingrand Next time: [email protected] displays http://www.polytech.unice.fr/~lingrand About 3D space and more SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 1 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 2 Inputs / outputs Text entry Input Handwritten text (keyboard, handwritten) totally free position (mouse, GPS, ...) constrained audio (speech recognition) Keyboards visual (image, video: tracking, recognition) hardware / software Output mobility (wearable computer, mobile audio (precomputed, speech synthesis) phone, PDAs, ...) visual (precomputed, synthetic image) handicap tactil (force feedback, vibration, ...) SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 3 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 4 Graffiti, Calligrapher 8.3, Keyboard's layout xscribble AZERTY, QWERTY, ..., Dvorak (1936). uni-stroke alphabet SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 5 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 6 Ergonomic keyboards Logical keyboard Mackenzie and Zhang, CHI'99 Hunter, Zhai and Smith, CHI 2000 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 7 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 8 Games Wearable computer SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 9 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 10 Mobility 2005 Twiddler WristPC http://www.redwoodhouse.com/wearable/index.php? module=pagemaster&P AGE_user_op=view_page&PAGE_id=7&MMN_position=16:7 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 11 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 12 Chord Keyboard: Microwriter Another Chord Keyboards (1980) BAT keyboard (Infogrip) CyKey (Bellaire Electronics) SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 13 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 14 Keyboards for PDA Mobile phone Example: Glyph (F. Poirier, Univ. Bretagne Sud) SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 15 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 16 Glyph alphabet Motor handicap limiting displacements logical keyboard Ex: KeyGlasses (M. Raynal, Univ. Toulouse) SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 17 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 18 Pointing devices Mouse absolute / relative invented in 1967 by graphic tablet, touchscreen, optical pen Douglas Engelbart and co. mouse, joystick, trackball direct / indirect « any device that is capable of producing Control to Display Ratio cursor motion » ? touchscreen, optical pen graphic tablet, mouse, joystick, trackball SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 19 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 20 Evaluation of pointing task: Alternative pointing devices Fitt's law (1954) A W where : MT is the average time taken to complete the movement. pointing stick trackball a and b are empirical constants, and can be determined by fitting a straight line to measured data. A is the distance from the starting point to the center of the target or amplitude of movement. W is the width of the target measured along the axis of motion. W can also be thought of as the allowed error touchpad foot mouse tolerance in the final position, since the final point of the motion must fall within ± W/2 of the target's centre. touchscreen,SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 camera mouse, eye mouse ...21 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 22 Accot and Zhai Steering law Joystick (1997) Extension to 2D space Axes (absolute value) Buttons (up/down) Hats (discrete value: up, right, ...) Special case of path = straight tunnel Trackballs (relative 2D value) of constant width W SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 23 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 24 Other .... Gaming Mouth joystick « as a » joystick Joypad, .... Jouse2 (Infogrip) SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 25 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 26 Eye - tracking Positionning Method: GPS Image Processing Wifi Cornea reflexion RFID Magnetic system Camera tracking: eye, head, hand, Mobile (on user head) / fixed (computer) body, ... 2D / 3D (?) ... SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 27 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 28 Use your imagination ! Taxonomies An exhaustive list is unusable GKS: logical device Locator, Stroke, Valuator, Choice, Pick, String Laval Virtuel, 2006 1974-84 :Foley Select, Position, Orient, Ink, Text, Value Gestaction 3D 1983: Buxton 1991: Card, Mackinlay and Robertson SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 29 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 30 1984: Foley 1983: Buxton's Taxonomy SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 31 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 32 Card, Mackinlay's radio MacKinlay VolumeKnob = <R , [0 o, 270 o], , I, [0 o, 270 o], {}> and z = R : [0 o, 270 o] [0o, 270 o] Robertson z (1997) Volume = < InputDomain: [0, 25] decibels> Connection composition: Connect (VolumeKnob, Volume, f( deg) = C * decibels) v VolumeKnob Volume Layout composition: VolumeKnobT1(x) SelectionKnobT2(x) StationKnobT3(x) Merge composition: GenericTablet = Generic1DTablet X Generic1DTablet SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 33 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02xy 2006/2007 x y 34 Limitations Ouputs 2D event (x;y) 2D event (x;y) Audio Visual screen / monitor glasses retinal Touch / Force 1D sensor 1D sensor 1D sensor 1D sensor XY equivalent ??? SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 35 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 36 BCI: Brain Computer Tools and libraries Interfaces Non-invasive / Invasive Using different input devices: Paralysed people drivers libraries: control of a robotic arm, ... VRPN : Virtual Reality Peripheral Network Blind people SDL (www.libsdl.org): Simple DirectMedia Layer camera + electrodes in the visual cortex Speech recognition Speech synthesis (TTS=text-to-speech) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_synthesis Handwritten recognition SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 37 SI3 Gestures– Master ISI : IHM02 recognition 2006/2007 38 CHI at the Movie Theater Bibliography Ken Hinckley « The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook: Fundamentals, 1968 2003 Evolving Technologies and Emerging Applications » , chapter 7, 2003, J.A. Jacko and A. Sears editors. J. Accot and Sh. Zhai « More than dotting the i's Foundations for crossing-based interfaces » CHI 2002 2001 2002 Bill Buxton: http://www.billbuxton.com SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 39 SI3 – Master ISI : IHM02 2006/2007 40.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Manual Text Entry Remains One of the Dominant Forms of Human- Computer Interaction
    Poika Isokoski Manual Text Input: Experiments, Models, and Systems academic dissertation To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty of Information Sciences of the University of Tampere, for public discussion in Auditorium A1 on April 23rd, 2004, at noon. department of computer sciences university of tampere A-2004-3 tampere 2004 Supervisor: Professor Roope Raisamo Department of Computer Sciences University of Tampere, Finland Opponent: Dr. Shumin Zhai IBM Almaden Research Center, USA Reviewers: Professor Heikki Mannila Basic Research Unit Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, Finland Professor Ari Visa Signal Processing Laboratory Tampere University of Technology, Finland Department of Computer Sciences FIN-33014 UNIVERSITY OF TAMPERE Finland Electronic dissertation Acta Electronica Universitatis Tamperensis 340 ISBN 951-44-5959-8 ISSN 1456-954X http://acta.uta.fi ISBN 951-44-5955-5 ISSN 1459-6903 Tampereen yliopistopaino Oy Tampere 2004 Abstract Despite the emergence of speech controlled computers and direct manipula- tion that both have diminished the need to operate computers with textual commands, manual text entry remains one of the dominant forms of human- computer interaction. This is because textual communication is one of the main reasons for using computers. Mobile and pervasive computing have been popular research areas re- cently. Thus, these issues have a major part in the thesis at hand. Most of the text entry methods that are discussed are for mobile computers. One of the three main contributions of the work is an architecture for a middle- ware system intended to support personalized text entry in an environment permeated with mobile and non-mobile computers. The two other main contributions in this thesis are experimental work on text entry methods and models of user performance in text entry tasks.
    [Show full text]
  • Predicting and Reducing the Impact of Errors in Character-Based Text Entry
    PREDICTING AND REDUCING THE IMPACT OF ERRORS IN CHARACTER-BASED TEXT ENTRY AHMED SABBIR ARIF A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO APRIL 2014 © AHMED SABBIR ARIF, 2014 Abstract This dissertation focuses on the effect of errors in character-based text entry techniques. The effect of errors is targeted from theoretical, behavioral, and practical standpoints. This document starts with a review of the existing literature. It then presents results of a user study that investigated the effect of different error correction conditions on popular text entry performance metrics. Results showed that the way errors are handled has a significant effect on all frequently used error metrics. The outcomes also provided an understanding of how users notice and correct errors. Building on this, the dissertation then presents a new high-level and method-agnostic model for predicting the cost of error correction with a given text entry technique. Unlike the existing models, it accounts for both human and system factors and is general enough to be used with most character-based techniques. A user study verified the model through measuring the effects of a faulty keyboard on text entry performance. Subsequently, the work then explores the potential user adaptation to a gesture recognizer’s misrecognitions in two user studies. Results revealed that users gradually adapt to misrecognition errors by replacing the erroneous gestures with alternative ones, if available. Also, users adapt to a frequently misrecognized gesture faster if it occurs more frequently than the other error-prone gestures.
    [Show full text]
  • Me310a 2003-2004
    ME310 2003-2004 Optimum Human Machine Interface for the IT Generation all great design firms started in someone’s garage Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford CA 94305 Tori L. Bailey David P. Fries Philipp L. Skogstad ME 310 – YTPD Garage June 7, 2004 Toyota Info Technology Center U.S.A. Interface for IT Generation Page 2 of 254 ME 310 – YTPD Garage June 7, 2004 Toyota Info Technology Center U.S.A. Interface for IT Generation 1 Front Matter 1.1 Executive Summary Driving the vehicle has been the primary task of the driver since the automobile was invented over 100 years ago. Yet as technology increasingly invades the car, the driver is required to divert attention to managing secondary (non-driving) tasks created by these technologies. The goal of the Toyota project is to investigate the types of secondary tasks that might be available to the IT Generation in future vehicles, and to design an interface that will allow the driver to accomplish these secondary tasks safely. The design team, a collaboration between Stanford University and the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Technology (TMIT), has explored many ideas for future vehicle functions and determined that most involve the idea of “connectedness.” The teams are focusing on improving this in-car “connectedness” by designing an interface system that allows drivers to create text while driving safely. Fig. 1: The Optimum Human Machine Interface for text entry while driving. The system consists of four components: a text input device, a logic core (software), an output device, and a test vehicle for collecting user data.
    [Show full text]
  • The Buxton / Microsoft Collection Inventory of Interactive Device Collection
    The Buxton / Microsoft Collection Inventory of Interactive Device Collection Bill Buxton First Draft: February 30th, 2011 Current Draft: Feb 28th, 2018 Contents: 1. MICE 11. Watches 2. Tablet Pucks and Pens 12. Wearables: Gloves, Rings, 3. Touch Pads Heads, etc. 4. Joysticks 13. Pedals 5. Trackballs 14. Game Controllers & Toys 6. Chord Keyboards 15. Remote Controls 7. Keyboards 16. Dials 8. Handhelds, PDAs … 17. Miscellaneous 9. e-Readers 18. Reference Material, Toys, … 10. Pen Computers 19. Purging from Collection Note: • Devices that have a “Y” in the right-most column are included in the current collection web-site which can be accessed here: https://www.microsoft.com/buxtoncollection. Note that perhaps less than 1/3 of the collection is on-line, and for the most part, the entries for those that are on-line are minimal (though hopefully still useful), compared to what is being prepared. A new, complete site is under curation and will be posted as soon as possible – but don’t hold your breath. It’s a big job. • Devices with a red “N” in the rightmost column are in the process of being documented and prepared for inclusion on the web site. For requests for photos or other details of items not yet on the site, contact me via email. • The Catalogue Code in the second column tells me where the item is stored. This code is in the form BBB-NNN, where BBB is the bin code & NNN (not always used) is the 3-digit item number in that bin Page 1 of 122 MICE Photo Code Name Year Price Compan Notes Pivot? y M-04 NRC 1968 NFS National Donated by Nestor Burtnyk.
    [Show full text]
  • Buxton Collection Catalogue of Interactive Devices and Gadgets
    Buxton Collection Catalogue of Interactive Devices and Gadgets Bill Buxton First Draft: February 28th, 2011 Current Draft: Aug 12, 2012 Contents 1. Mice 2. Tablet Pucks & Pens 3. Touch Pads 4. Joysticks 5. Trackballs 6. Chord Keyboards 7. Keyboards 8. PDAs & Handhelds 9. e-Books / e-Readers 10. Pen Computers 11. Watches 12. Glove, Rings, … 13. Pedals 14. Video Game Controllers 15. Misc 16. Reference Material, Toys, … Note: Code is in the form BBB-NNN, where BBB is the box code & NNN is the 3 digit item number MICE Photo Code Name Year Price Company Notes Pivot? MI1-023 Swiss Mouse 1980 De Praz DePraz began Y manufacturing in 1980, but following design built in 1979 MI1-020 Hawley Mouse 1982 $415 Mouse House y MK II MI1- M-1 1982 $295 Mouse MI1-024 (B) is y 024(A) (1983) Systems trackpad MI1- 024(B) Star 8010 1985 Xerox Optical Mouse N MI3-007 Microsoft 1983 Microsoft y “Green Eye” Mouse MI1-009 M-4 1987 Mouse Sun branded version y Systems of the mouse above. MI3-006 Macintosh 1984 Apple The original y Model M0100 Macintosh mouse MI1-007 Macintosh 1986 Apple Developed by y ADB Mouse Computer Logitech MI1-028 Amiga Mouse 1986 Commodore Will omit for now n PowerMouse 1992 Prohance n MI1-014 SGI Mouse ~1996 SGI y Model No. 1986 DEC Has wheels rather VSXXX-AA.CO3 than roller. Made by N Hawley. MI1-010 Intellimouse Microsoft N (duplicate) (ball) MI1-011 Intellimouse Microsoft y (ball) MI1-015 TrackPoint 1997 IBM y Mouse G1 MI1-004 TrackPoint IBM y Mouse G2 MI1-002 TrackPoint IBM y Mouse G3 MI2-024 MousePhone Small Talk (x2) y DP-006 AMV01CA USB Targus Mouse/ N Internet Phone USB OPTICAL SKYPE MOUSE N VOIP INTERNET MSN SPEAKER PHONE MI2-006 UNIA 1996 Vector Input numbers and y Unity New International functions from the Input mouse.
    [Show full text]
  • Keyboards to the Rescue
    01 Front cover A78:Layout 1 23/6/10 20:40 Page 1 Assistive technology at work Issue 78 Summer 2010 Keyboards to the rescue I Home Access survives Becta cuts I Employers gain from grant upgrade I Fix the Web gets underway I How students rise to IT challenges BLANK PAGE copy:Layout 1 25/6/10 22:03 Page 8 03 Contents A78:Layout 1 23/6/10 18:34 Page 3 contents Editorial 4 Web accessibility 17-18 Victorian invention Fix the Web John Lamb looks at why the QWERTY Why Dr Gail Bradbrook of Citizens ISSN 1352-7665 keyboard has been so long-lived Online wants to persuade thousands of volunteers to improve accessibility Contacts Feedback 5 Product focus 21-22 Editor and publisher • How accessible is public transport? John Lamb • Assistive technology for students Keyboards to the rescue [email protected] • UCanDoIT is looking for home learners Love them or hate them keyboards are here • Problems for vision impaired academics to stay, but there are ways of making them Production Editor Mandie Beckley easier to use [email protected] News 7-13 Contributors • Becta to go but will not be forgotten Dr Gail Bradbrook • Access to Work makes grants easier to get Debbie Brixey • Technology groups feel the financial Kevin Carey pinch EA Draffen Janet Duchesne • BS 8878 raises the standard for Jane Fletcher accessibility Guido Gybels • Talking set top boxes out this summer Briefing 27 Paul Jarman • LookTel aids vision impaired users Val Shawcross • Collaboration the key to assisted living Clean audio Technology could make TV
    [Show full text]
  • État De L'art Des Claviers Physiques Et Logiciels Pour La Saisie De Texte
    État de l’art des claviers physiques et logiciels pour la saisie de texte State of art of physical and software keyboards for text entry Benoît MARTIN (1), Isabelle PECCI (2) (1) LITA, Université Paul Verlaine-Metz, France [email protected] (2) LITA, Université Paul Verlaine-Metz, France [email protected] Résumé. L’attrait croissant pour l’informatique mobile tend à multiplier les modes de saisie, mais ce n’est pas la seule motivation. Les besoins des utilisateurs changent, ils s’élargissent, car les utilisateurs eux-mêmes ont changé. Des besoins très spécifiques à un contexte d’utilisation ou à un handicap rendent les claviers standard inutilisables. Cet article présente un état de l’art des dispositifs offrant une alternative aux claviers standard. Il propose un classement des différentes solutions rencontrées, parmi les claviers physiques ou logiciels. Plusieurs critères sont pris en compte pour analyser ces différentes approches : la présentation avec le type de saisie, la prédiction éventuelle, le contexte d’utilisation et les performances. Cet article a pour but de montrer une large panoplie des claviers afin d’avoir un aperçu sur différentes approches et pouvoir se faire une idée sur les possibilités offertes par chacune d’elles. Mots-clés. Clavier physique, clavier logiciel, taxinomie, technique d’interaction. Abstract. The pull for mobile computing encourages the amount of methods for text entry. It is not the unique motivation. The needs for users have changed ; they grow because the users have changed. Now, very specific needs to a context of use or to an impairment make standard keyboard unusable.
    [Show full text]
  • In This Issue Editor’S Notes
    In this issue Editor’s Notes .......................2 Pocket Typewriters ..............3 Journal of the A Bennington letter.............. 7 Early Typewriter Oliver salesman’s letter .......8 The Oliver Magazine ............9 Collectors’ Association Portable Potpourri.............. 10 From Our Members ..............11 Letters ..................................12 No. 82 -- June 2008 Editor’s ETCetera Journal of the Early Typewriter Notes Collectors’ Association machine, a turquoise plastic-bodied Grants 737 Deluxe made by Naka- June 2008 jima, also around 1970. Light, quiet, No. 82 and of decent quality. ± You won’t ind those three ma- Editor: chines in “New on the Shelf,” because Richard Polt they’re no longer with me. I enjoyed lison Scott of New Orleans pro- 4745 Winton Rd. Aposes a typewriter enthusiast get- inspecting, cleaning, and ixing them Cincinnati, OH 45232 together, November 6-9, 2008. The as needed. Then I had the pleasure 513-591-1226 weekend will include a party at her of giving them to three kids I know [email protected] typewriter gallery in Algiers Point, from my daughter’s dance school a quiet Victorian village just across who’d been wishing for typewriters. Secretary-Treasurer & Mailer: the Mississippi from downtown New You see? The typewriter hunt Herman Price Orleans; a lecture and open discus- doesn’t have to be about spending German translation: sion; a riverboat cruise; dinner at a a month’s salary on a rare antique and adding it to your private collec- Norbert Schwarz ine restaurant; and more. Proposed fee: $250. For more information, e- tion. These common and “worthless” typewriters brought just as much ©2008 ETCA.
    [Show full text]
  • Foundation of Human Computer Interaction
    Chapter 3 : Interactive Technologies Contents : 9 Computer as a System 9 Input Devices 9 Pointing Devices 9 Speech Recognition and Auditory Interface 9 Display – Small and Large 9 Display Technologu 1 MMG3033 Human Computer-Interaction Chapter 3 : Interactive Technologies Learning Objectives z Understand and discuss human perception and interactive technologies that support the various sensory perceptors including: z Vision z Audition z Touch z Understand and discuss interactive input technologies including: z Keyboards z Pointing devices 2 MMG3033 Human Computer-Interaction Chapter 3 : Interactive Technologies Computer As A System • Computer is used as a tool to manipulate and retrieve information, no new information is being added to the machine store but information is entered in form of command in order to get the computer to carry out specific task. 3 MMG3033 Human Computer-Interaction Chapter 3 : Interactive Technologies Computer As A System z What are we trying to achieve when we interact with computer? 9 Passing information to other people Information 9 Receiving information from them transfer z Interaction : process of information transfer from user to the computer and from computer to the user. 4 MMG3033 Human Computer-Interaction Chapter 3 : Interactive Technologies The Computer A computer system is made up of various elements each of these elements affects the interaction z input devices – text entry and pointing z output devices – screen (small&large), digital paper z virtual reality – special interaction and display devices
    [Show full text]
  • One-Handed Keyboards Quick Guide Created 8/05 Updated 6/06 PN, FB
    One-handed Keyboards Quick Guide Created 8/05 Updated 6/06 PN, FB Although standard computer keyboards are designed for two-handed use someone with just one hand can access a computer in several ways. Standard keyboards The most straight-forward technique is simply to use a standard keyboard. This technique means you can sit down at almost any machine and use it effectively. Five Finger Typist (£45) from Inclusive Technology is a program for teaching single-handed touch typing – either left or right hand. Single handed typists may also find it easier to type on a slightly smaller Compact Keyboard, which are also easier to position on a tray or lap because they are physically smaller than standard keyboards. Single-handed Dvorak keyboard layouts The standard QWERTY layout is not designed for single-handed typing, but you can re-map the keys on a standard keyboard to use a different ‘Dvorak’ layout optimised for either left or right- handed use. Once you have re-mapped the keyboard, lever off the keys and re-position them, or use key stickers to re-label the keys. Dvorak Left-handed keyboard Dvorak layouts can be set within the Mac and Windows operating systems, or downloaded and installed for free. On Windows XP, for example, go to Start > Control Panel > Regional and Language > Languages > Details > Add, then tick Keyboard layout and choose ‘United States – Dvorak’ (for both, left or right hands). Look in the Help for your own computer, or do a search for ‘Dvorak keyboard’ on the internet for more information. A disadvantage with this technique is that you have to change the keyboard layout on every computer you use, and also carry your Dvorak keyboard with you.
    [Show full text]
  • The Buxton - Microsoft Collection Inventory of Interactive Device Collection
    The Buxton - Microsoft Collection Inventory of Interactive Device Collection Bill Buxton First Draft: August 29th, 2011 Contents: 1. Mice 11. Pen Computers 2. Tablet Pucks and Pens 12. Watches 3. Touch Pads 13. Wearables: Gloves, Rings, 4. Touch Screens Heads, etc. 5. Joysticks 14. Pedals 6. Trackballs 15. Game Controllers & Toys 7. Chord Keyboards 16. Remote Controls 8. Keyboards 17. Dials 9. Handhelds, PDAs, Music 18. Miscellaneous Players, Games, Mobile 19. Reference Material, Toys, … Phones 20. Purging from Collection 10. e-Readers Note: • Devices that have a “Y” in the right-most column are included in the current collection web-site which can be accessed here: https://www.microsoft.com/buxtoncollection. Note that perhaps less than 1/3 of the collection is on-line, and for the most part, the entries for those that are on-line are minimal (though hopefully still useful), compared to what is being prepared. A new, complete site is under curation and will be posted as soon as possible – but don’t hold your breath. It’s a big job. • Devices with a red “N” in the rightmost column are in the process of being documented and prepared for inclusion on the web site. For requests for photos or other details of items not yet on the site, contact me via email. • The Catalogue Code in the second column tells me where the item is stored. This code is in the form BBB-NNN, where BBB is the bin code & NNN (not always used) is the 3-digit item number in that bin Page 1 of 146 Version: May 12, 2021 Mice Photo Code Name Year Price Compan Notes Pivot? y M-06 NRC 1968 NFS National Donated by Nestor Burtnyk.
    [Show full text]
  • Single-Handed Eyes-Free Chord Typing: a Text-Entry Study
    International Journal on Advances in Intelligent Systems, vol 7 no 1 & 2, year 2014, http://www.iariajournals.org/intelligent_systems/ 145 Single-Handed Eyes-Free Chord Typing: A Text-Entry Study Adrian Tarniceriu, Pierre Dillenbourg, and Bixio Rimoldi School of Computer and Communication Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Fed´ erale´ de Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract—For most users, interacting with mobile computing situations if we could type without looking at the keyboard devices requires visual commitment to the input mechanism. and without a significant extra cognitive load. As a result, devices such as smartphones and PDAs are not suitable in situations when visual attention is already focused on another task. Chording devices do not have this drawback This paper extends our previous work [1], [2] by presenting but require some training. We evaluate the performance of a a study on a 5-key chording device that, we believe, has key-to-character mapping for a 5-key chording device designed high potential for application in all of the above mentioned to minimize the learning phase. The subjects in our study were situations. This type of keyboard enables users to generate a able to memorize the mapping in the first 45 minutes of training. character by simultaneously pressing a combination of keys, After approximately 350 minutes, the average entry speed was similarly to playing a note on a musical instrument. With five 20 words per minute. The influence of having visual, audio or no keys, there are 31 combinations in which at least one key feedback was also evaluated.
    [Show full text]