DOCSLIB.ORG

Intellectual Property, Traditional Knowledge And

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Intellectual Property, Traditional Knowledge And INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND BIODIVERSITY IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: THE POTENTIAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS FOR PROTECTING TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS By Teshager Worku Dagne Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in the Science of Law at Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia March 2012 © Copyright by Teshager Worku Dagne, 2012 DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY Schulich School of Law The undersigned hereby certify that they have read and recommend to the Faculty of Graduate Studies for acceptance a thesis entitled “INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND BIODIVERSITY IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: THE POTENTIAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS FOR PROTECTING TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS” by Teshager Worku Dagne in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in the Science of Law. Dated: March 1, 2012 External examiner: _________________________________ _________________________________ Research Supervisors: _________________________________ Examining Committee _________________________________ _________________________________ Departmental Representative: _________________________________ ii DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY DATE: March 1, 2012 AUTHOR: Teshager Worku Dagne TITLE: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND BIODIVERSITY IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY: THE POTENTIAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS FOR PROTECTING TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT OR SCHOOL: Schulich School of Law DEGREE: J.S.D. CONVOCATION: May YEAR: 2012 Permission is herewith granted to Dalhousie University to circulate and to have copied for non-commercial purposes, at its discretion, the above title upon the request of individuals or institutions. I understand that my thesis will be electronically available to the public. The author reserves other publication rights, and neither the thesis nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author’s written permission. The author attests that permission has been obtained for the use of any copyrighted material appearing in the thesis (other than the brief excerpts requiring only proper acknowledgement in scholarly writing), and that all such use is clearly acknowledged. _______________________________ Signature of Author iii DEDICATION PAGE To the memory of my dearest sister: Yamrote Worku Dagne who passed away in July 2009 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ..... ......................................................................... xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED .................................................. xiv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................. xvii CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION ........................................... 1 1.1 THESIS INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1 1.2 GENERAL BACKGROUND: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, AND BIODIVERSITY .................................... 5 1.2.1 Intellectual Property .................................................. 5 1.2.1.1 Justifications for the Protection of Intellectual Property .................................................... 7 1.2.1.2 Historical Account ..................................... 14 1.2.2 The Global Knowledge Economy ................................ 17 1.2.3 The Increasing Attention to Traditional Knowledge and Biological Resources ................................................ 20 1.2.4 The Role of Intellectual Property in the Protection of Traditional Knowledge .............................................. 23 1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ............................................................... 26 1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .......................................................... 27 1.5 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK .......................................................... 29 1.6 THE INSTRUMENTALITY OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS IN PROTECTING TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................... 37 1.7 CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE THESIS ................................................... 47 1.8 RESEARCH QUESTIONS .............................................................. 49 1.9 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS ........................................................ 51 v PART ONE: TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND THE SEARCH FOR PROTECTION ..................................................................... 57 CHAPTER 2 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, BIODIVERSITY, AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY: DEFINITION AND CONCEPTUAL BOUNDARIES ......................................................................... 57 2.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 57 2.2 DEFINING TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE ............................................. 58 2.2.1 Choice of Terminology ............................................. 59 2.2.2 Identification of The Knowledge Holders: Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities ................................. 64 2.2.3 Subject Matter of Traditional Knowledge ..................... 71 2.2.4 Essential Characteristics of Traditional Knowledge ........ 75 2.2.5 Categories of Traditional Knowledge .......................... 81 2.3 GENETIC RESOURCES, BIODIVERSITY AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE ........ 87 2.4 TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE AND AGRO-BIODIVERSITY ........ 90 2.5 PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, CULTIVARS AND GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS ........................................ 97 2.6 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ................. 99 2.6.1 Primary Products: Landraces, Wild Species, and Farmers’ Varieties .................................................. 101 2.6.2 Handicrafts ........................................................... 106 2.7 GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS DEFINED .......................................... 108 2.8 THE LINK BETWEEN GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS AND TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE ......................................................................... 128 2.9 WHAT IS “PROTECTION?” .......................................................... 133 2.10 THE GLOBAL ECONOMY ........................................................... 136 vi 2.11 CONCLUSION ....................................................................... 140 CHAPTER 3 PROTECTING TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE: IMPERATIVES AND CHALLENGES ............................................... 142 3.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 142 3.2 JUSTIFYING THE PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE.................. 144 3.2.1 The Value and Importance of Traditional Knowledge ... 145 3.2.1.1 Cultural Significance ................................. 145 3.2.1.2 Contribution to Biological Diversity and Ecological Integrity .................................... 147 3.2.1.3 Contribution to Scientific Discovery and Biotechnology Development ....................... 149 3.2.1.4 Improving and Preserving Socio-Economic Conditions .............................................. 151 3.2.2 Threats and Challenges to Traditional Knowledge........ 156 3.2.2.1 Biopiracy ................................................ 157 3.2.2.2 Intellectual Property Challenges to Traditional Knowledge .................................... 166 3.3 TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN TRANSFORMATION IN AGRICULTURE .................... 170 3.3.1 Economic Impacts of the Transformation of Agricultural Production ............................................ 174 3.3.2 Impacts on Biological Diversity ................................ 177 3.3.2.1 Genetic Uniformity ................................... 178 3.3.2.2 Unintended Consequences of Genetically Modified Organisms ........................................ 181 3.3.3 Challenges to Food Security and the Need for Food Sovereignty ........................................................... 183 3.3.4 The Threat of Cultural Homogenization ...................... 191 vii 3.4 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN GLOBAL MARKETS ............................................................................. 194 3.4.1 The Consolidation of Agricultural Markets .................. 195 3.4.2 Diminishing Income in International Market ............... 196 3.5 RECOGNIZING THE VALUE OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ......................................................... 200 3.6 DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGIES IN TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE-BASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ......................................................... 205 3.6.1 Quality Schemes .................................................... 208 3.6.2 Fair Trade Initiatives .............................................. 209 3.6.3 Green Labeling and Eco-Certification Schemes ........... 212 3.7 CHALLENGES AND IMPACTS OF DIFFERENTIATION SCHEMES .................. 215 3.8 CONCLUSION ........................................................................ 221 CHAPTER 4 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGIMES ………… ...................................................................... 224 4.1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................... 224 4.2 LEGAL NORMS IN TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND BIODIVERSITY ............. 226 4.3 TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE IN INTERNATIONAL LEGAL FRAMEWORKS ......... 234 4.3.1 The International Trade Regime ............................... 234 4.3.2 Traditional Knowledge in the World Intellectual Property Organization ............................................. 245 4.3.3 The Protection of Traditional
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sauces Reconsidered
    SAUCES RECONSIDERED Rowman & Littlefield Studies in Food and Gastronomy General Editor: Ken Albala, Professor of History, University of the Pacific ([email protected]) Rowman & Littlefield Executive Editor: Suzanne Staszak-Silva ([email protected]) Food studies is a vibrant and thriving field encompassing not only cooking and eating habits but also issues such as health, sustainability, food safety, and animal rights. Scholars in disciplines as diverse as history, anthropol- ogy, sociology, literature, and the arts focus on food. The mission of Row- man & Littlefield Studies in Food and Gastronomy is to publish the best in food scholarship, harnessing the energy, ideas, and creativity of a wide array of food writers today. This broad line of food-related titles will range from food history, interdisciplinary food studies monographs, general inter- est series, and popular trade titles to textbooks for students and budding chefs, scholarly cookbooks, and reference works. Appetites and Aspirations in Vietnam: Food and Drink in the Long Nine- teenth Century, by Erica J. Peters Three World Cuisines: Italian, Mexican, Chinese, by Ken Albala Food and Social Media: You Are What You Tweet, by Signe Rousseau Food and the Novel in Nineteenth-Century America, by Mark McWilliams Man Bites Dog: Hot Dog Culture in America, by Bruce Kraig and Patty Carroll A Year in Food and Beer: Recipes and Beer Pairings for Every Season, by Emily Baime and Darin Michaels Celebraciones Mexicanas: History, Traditions, and Recipes, by Andrea Law- son Gray and Adriana Almazán Lahl The Food Section: Newspaper Women and the Culinary Community, by Kimberly Wilmot Voss Small Batch: Pickles, Cheese, Chocolate, Spirits, and the Return of Artisanal Foods, by Suzanne Cope Food History Almanac: Over 1,300 Years of World Culinary History, Cul- ture, and Social Influence, by Janet Clarkson Cooking and Eating in Renaissance Italy: From Kitchen to Table, by Kath- erine A.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Santa Barbara Dissertation Template
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Santa Barbara Protestant Missions, Seminaries and the Academic Study of Islam in the United States A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Religious Studies by Caleb D. McCarthy Committee in charge: Professor Juan E. Campo, Chair Professor Kathleen M. Moore Professor Ann Taves June 2018 The dissertation of Caleb D. McCarthy is approved. _____________________________________________ Kathleen M. Moore _____________________________________________ Ann Taves _____________________________________________ Juan E. Campo, Committee Chair June 2018 Protestant Missions, Seminaries and the Academic Study of Islam in the United States Copyright © 2018 by Caleb D. McCarthy iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS While the production of a dissertation is commonly idealized as a solitary act of scholarly virtuosity, the reality might be better expressed with slight emendation to the oft- quoted proverb, “it takes a village to write a dissertation.” This particular dissertation at least exists only in light of the significant support I have received over the years. To my dissertation committee Ann Taves, Kathleen Moore and, especially, advisor Juan Campo, I extend my thanks for their productive advice and critique along the way. They are the most prominent among many faculty members who have encouraged my scholarly development. I am also indebted to the Council on Information and Library Research of the Andrew C. Mellon Foundation, which funded the bulk of my archival research – without their support this project would not have been possible. Likewise, I am grateful to the numerous librarians and archivists who guided me through their collections – in particular, UCSB’s retired Middle East librarian Meryle Gaston, and the Near East School of Theology in Beriut’s former librarian Christine Linder.
    [Show full text]
  • Edinburgh 1910: Friendship and the Boundaries of Christendom
    Vol. 30, No. 4 October 2006 Edinburgh 1910: Friendship and the Boundaries of Christendom everal of the articles in this issue relate directly to the take some time before U.S. missionaries began to reach similar Sextraordinary World Missionary Conference convened conclusions about their own nation. But within the fifty years in Edinburgh from June 14 to 23, 1910. At that time, Europe’s following the Second World War, profound uncertainty arose global hegemony was unrivaled, and old Christendom’s self- concerning the moral legitimacy of America’s global economic assurance had reached its peak. That the nations whose pro- Continued next page fessed religion was Christianity should have come to dominate the world seemed not at all surprising, since Western civiliza- tion’s inner élan was thought to be Christianity itself. On Page 171 Defining the Boundaries of Christendom: The Two Worlds of the World Missionary Conference, 1910 Brian Stanley 177 The Centenary of Edinburgh 1910: Its Possibilities Kenneth R. Ross 180 World Christianity as a Women’s Movement Dana L. Robert 182 Noteworthy 189 The Role of Women in the Formation of the World Student Christian Federation Johanna M. Selles 192 Sherwood Eddy Pays a Visit to Adolf von Harnack Before Returning to the United States, December 1918 Mark A. Noll The Great War of 1914–18 soon plunged the “Christian” nations into one of the bloodiest and most meaningless parox- 196 The World is Our Parish: Remembering the ysms of state-sanctioned murder in humankind’s history of 1919 Protestant Missionary Fair pathological addiction to violence and genocide.
    [Show full text]
  • A Catholic Minority Church in a World of Seekers, Final
    Tilburg University A Catholic minority church in a world of seekers Hellemans, Staf; Jonkers, Peter Publication date: 2015 Document Version Early version, also known as pre-print Link to publication in Tilburg University Research Portal Citation for published version (APA): Hellemans, S., & Jonkers, P. (2015). A Catholic minority church in a world of seekers. (Christian Philosophical Studies; Vol. XI). Council for Research in Values and Philosophy. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 24. sep. 2021 Cultural Heritage and Contemporary Change Series IV. Western Philosophical Studies, Volume 9 Series VIII. Christian Philosophical Studies, Volume 11 General Editor George F. McLean A Catholic Minority Church in a World of Seekers Western Philosophical Studies, IX Christian Philosophical Studies, XI Edited by Staf Hellemans Peter Jonkers The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Copyright © 2015 by The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Box 261 Cardinal Station Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Undergraduate Catalog 2020-2021
    Undergraduate Catalog 2020-2021 LOC 2020-2021 1 MISSION AND VISION STATEMENTS Mission Statement LeMoyne-Owen College delivers a transformative experience, educating students for a lifetime of scholarship, leadership, and service through liberal arts, career and professional studies. Vision Statement To be an exemplary historically black college providing an excellent liberal arts education that transforms urban students, institutions and communities. ACCREDITATION LeMoyne-Owen College is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award the baccalaureate degree and the associate degree. Contact the Commission on Colleges at 1866 Southern Lane, Decatur, Georgia 30033-4097 or call 404-679-4500 for questions about the accreditation of LeMoyne-Owen College. The Commission on Colleges should be contacted only if there is evidence that appears to support that LeMoyne-Owen College is non-compliant with a Commission requirement or standard. The Division of Education at LeMoyne-Owen College is accredited by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE), www.ncate.org. This accreditation covers initial teacher preparation programs at LeMoyne-Owen. However, the accreditation does not include individual education courses that the institution offers to K-12 educators for professional development, re-licensure or other purposes. LeMoyne-Owen College is a member of the American Association of Colleges of Teacher Education and is approved to offer programs leading to licensure by the Tennessee State Department of Education. LOC 2020-2021 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction . 4 History . 5 Admission . 6 Tuition and Fees . 11 Financial Aid . 16 Scholarships . 28 Student Life . 32 Academic Policies . 36 Academic Honors .
    [Show full text]
  • The Globalization of the Frontiers
    The Journal of the International Society for IJFM Frontier Missiology Int’l Journal of Frontier Missiology The Globalization of the Frontiers 163 From the Editor’s Desk Brad Gill Reassessing “Peoples” in the Global Push-and-Pull. 165 Articles GLOBALIZATION AND IDENTITY 165 Globalization, Christian Identity, and Frontier Missions Todd M. Johnson Are we “global citizens with tribal souls”? 170 ISFM 2010 Report: Contesting Ethnicity, Religion and Globalization Brad Gill Exploring hidden assumptions about hidden peoples. 171 “Glocal” Japanese Self-Identity: A Missiological Perspective on Paradigmatic Shifts in Urban Tokyo Gary Fujino Do the Japanese portray a new anthropology of globalization? 183 A New Mission Tool in Creative Access Nations: Christian Virtual Community in China Enoch J. Kim Can virtual community translate into church? BIBLICAL INTERPRETATION 189 Diverse Voices: Hearing Scripture Speak in a Multicultural Movement Kevin Higgins Can our translation of scripture dare respect a traditional Quranic mindset? 197 Contextualizing Religious Form and Meaning: A Missiological Interpretation of Naaman’s Petitions (2 Kings 5:15-19) Daniel Shinjong Baeq How does Old Testament narrative confront syncretism? 208 Book Reviews & Notes 208 The Field Is the World: Proclaiming, Translating, and Serving by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, 1810-40 209 Introducing Cultural Anthropology: A Christian Perspective 211 In Others’ Words 2 October–December7:4 2010 www.ijfm.org New Books! from William Carey Library Suff ering: Christian Global Member Care: Refl ections on the The Pearls and Perils Buddhist Dukkha of Good Practice What is dukkha? In Buddhism this Th is is a long-awaited new release word encompasses the concepts from Kelly O’Donnell.
    [Show full text]
  • From-Pottage-To-Peacock.Pdf
    2 From Pottage to Peacock: A Guide to Medieval Food Nicol Valentin Historyunfettered.com 3 4 In the beginning . There was food, and the food was tasty. Wine from Palestine, olive oil from Spain, tableware from Gaul: these were the things coming into Britain before the fall of Rome. In fact, thanks to the Romans, the British were introduced to a large selection of vegetables like garlic, onions, leeks, cabbages, turnips, asparagus, and those beloved peas. Spices like pepper, nutmeg, and ginger were introduced too. Things were grand, and then in 410 the Romans left. The world became fragmented. Towns disappeared, villas were abandoned, and society was in the midst of catastrophic collapse. No one had time to worry about imported wine or fancy spices. Slowly, however, pockets of stability returned. Chaos turned to order, and someone said, !I think it"s time for a really great dinner.# 5 First, the Bad Stuff ! Unfortunately, food was never a certainty in the medieval world. Starvation was always a possibility, no matter who you were. Crops failed, fields flooded, animals caught diseases, and any of these things could leave your table empty. Sometimes you got hit with more than one calamity. Even in the best conditions, you could still starve. If you found yourself in a town under siege, your choices were to surrender to a quick death by hanging or a slow one by starvation. Neither seems very appealing. If the crops were good and no one was knocking down your door with sword and ax, there was still more to watch out for.
    [Show full text]
  • Identity, Creativity and Modernization Perspectives on Indian Cultural Traditions
    Cultural Heritage and Contemporary Change Series IIIB, South Asia, Volume 14 General Editor George F. McLean Identity, Creativity and Modernization Perspectives on Indian Cultural Traditions Indian Philosophical Studies, XIV Edited by Sebastian Velassery Vensus A. George The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Copyright © 2013 by The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Box 261 Cardinal Station Washington, D.C. 20064 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Identity, creativity and modernization : perspectives on Indian cultural traditions / edited by Sebastian Velassery, Vensus A. George. Pages cm. -- (Cultural heritage and contemporary change. Series IIIB, South Asia ; volume 14) (Indian philosophical studies ; XIV) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. India--Civilization. 2. Philosophy, Indic. I. Velassery, Sebastian, editor of compilation. II. George, Vensus A., editor of compilation. DS421.5.I53 2012 2012035043 954--dc23 CIP ISBN 978-1-56518-278-3 (pbk.) TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface v Introduction 1 Part I: Introductory Explorations into Indian Cultural Tradition Chapter I. Culture and Philosophy: A Methodological Introduction 13 Geeta Manaktala Chapter II. Indian Cultural Tradition: An Introductory Analysis 31 Sebastian Velassery Part II: Philosophical Anthropology of Indian Cultural Tradition: A Traditional Approach Chapter III. An Itinerary into the Metaphysical Foundations 51 of Indian Culture Veena Kappoor Chapter IV. Yoga System of Philosophy: 69 General Practice and Synthesis U. A. Vinay Kumar Chapter V. Saiva Siddhanta philosophy: Sociocultural Dimensions 85 R.. Gopalakrishnan Chapter VI. Onto-Genesis of Indian Cultural Tradition 99 Sebastian Velassery Part III: Sociocultural Analysis of Indian Cultural Tradition: A Critical-Creative Approach Chapter VII.
    [Show full text]
  • LOCATION INTERNATIONAL MINISTRIES SPECIAL EDITION | 2014- 2015 ANNUAL REPORT American Baptist Foreign Mission Society P.O
    INTERNATIONAL MINISTRIES VOL. 8, NO. 2 N|LOCATION INTERNATIONAL MINISTRIES SPECIAL EDITION | 2014- 2015 ANNUAL REPORT American Baptist Foreign Mission Society P.O. Box 851 • Valley Forge, PA 19482-0851 N|LOCATION SPECIAL EDITION • 2014–2015 ANNUAL REPORT (P. 16–18) ON EARTH AS IN HEAVEN Five… four… three… two… one… LIFT OFF! ur navigation is set. Our With our churches, partners and YOU, God is using IM to: Accelerate the appointments of new global personnel course is determined. and the sending of short-term volunteers. Deepen our commitment to pioneering and ground- breaking approaches to evangelism. We are on the launch Experiment in new methods to deliver theological O education to women and men who lack access to it. pad with rockets firing. It’s time… Expand work globally among families in desperate situations, including immigrants and refugees. to lift off into the future of God’s Build a vital, thriving youth and young adult ministry to transform hearts and minds and help young people to vision for International Ministries. discover their callings. Create and reinforce connections that circle the earth promoting mission from “everywhere to everyone.”* This is indeed a bold and historic moment for IM, Stay sharply focused on sustainable growth and stew- our global personnel, U.S and Puerto Rico churches, ardship. global partners and volunteers. The collective wisdom of 2,000 brothers and sisters worldwide Respond to your call with IM! There is a place for you has been gathered and prayerfully analyzed. And in global mission with IM. There are people who need an ambitious vision has been discerned.
    [Show full text]
  • Missions Feeling the Pinch
    theadvocate.tv MAY 2016 In Conversation Perth Wildcats and Perth Lynx “The biggest waste of time is the CEO Nick Marvin shares how he balances work, waste of time in getting started.” faith, family and life. PAGE 12>> DAVE KRAFT PAGE 13>> 4 120 years Katanning Baptist Church is celebrating their 120th anniversary in 2016 >> 7 Evening with Silvie Mount Pleasant Baptist Church will host singer Silvie Paladino in May >> Photo: Tobias Houston After years of work by Global Interaction, the opportunities for the Yawo people could be at risk. 8 An ego dinted Missions feeling the pinch Phillip McCallum learns a lesson on reliance on God in the WA outback >> Joseph was the One who of providing the extra money to protected him too.” cover the gap. Addressing a recent Global Interaction Directors “He sought out his friend In a letter to pastors, Heather Meeting, General Director Heather Coleman observed Ian and told him about his wrote, “our teams around the world “we are entering a time of remarkable opportunity encounters with God. Late last have examined their budgets and year he chose to be baptised and made savings. In Australia, staffing We are and significant challenge.” now is an enthusiastic follower levels have been reduced.” of Jesus, part of a movement of “Our priority is to reduce stronger when Global Interaction, the global “For years Simon shared Yawo people turning to Jesus!” expenditure while maintaining we work mission arm of the Australian a friendship with Global At the same time the General key ministry goals. God has called Baptist Ministries, has teams Interaction team member Ian Director noted the two greatest nine families who are preparing together.
    [Show full text]
  • Ambassador of God. a Missionary's Task Is to Represent God and His Message to an Alien World. This Shows the Special Relations
    Amillennialism Ambassador of God. A missionary’s task is to Shared Perspectives. Dominating those com- represent God and his message to an alien world. mon features has been a confidence in the per- This shows the special relationship between the sonal, visible, and glorious return of Jesus Christ Creator and the messenger, who is dispatched as to consummate his work of redemption and resto- an envoy, an ambassador of God. An ambassador ration begun with his life, death, and resurrection. is an official diplomatic agent of high rank who Also shared, with varieties of interpretation, is sent out by a ruler or government as a public has been the neo-Augustinian perception of this representative. A missionary is one who is sent age stretching between the first and the second out to work as a citizen of the KINGDOM OF GOD, coming of Christ as a day of divine grace offered representing truth and light in a world of deceit to the sinner. and darkness. In the years following the sixteenth century, In the Old Testament there are numerous ex- that understanding combined especially with the amples of God’s ambassadors. Noah represented colonialist expansion of Europe. An expanded God’s righteousness to unbelievers. Moses pro- knowledge of the world called for an expanded claimed God’s power and justice in pharaoh’s effort to announce that divine word of grace and court. Joshua showed the might and strength of forgiveness in Christ. And sadly, in that expan- the Lord before the Canaanites. Both Gideon sion, Western ethnocentrism often had difficulty and Deborah were mediators between God and in extracting “Christianizing” from “civilizing.” the rebellious and defeated Israelites.
    [Show full text]
  • Indicator MWH-1.1 – June 20, 2012 WORLD HISTORY from 1300: the MAKING of the MODERN WORLD
    WORLD HISTORY FROM 1300: THE MAKING OF THE MODERN WORLD Standard MWH-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the major factors that facilitated exchanges among groups of people and how exchanges influenced those people in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Enduring Understanding: Physical geography, ideas, warfare, and financial institutions have shaped the interaction within and among regions around the world. To understand how the interaction of these forces in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries led to the development of modern societies, the student will. MWH-1.1 Describe the diffusion of people and goods between Europe, Asia, and Africa during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries to show the networks of economic interdependence and cultural interactions. Taxonomy Level: Understand/Conceptual Knowledge – 2/B Previous/future knowledge: Prior to this course, students have had experience with the changing political, social, and economic cultures in Asia, Europe, and Africa during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, specifically the contributions of China, Japan, and India and the origins and fundamental beliefs of Islam, as well as the contribution of the major African civilizations of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai in grade six (6-3.1, 6-3.2, 6-3.3, 6-3.4, 6-4.1, 6-4.2). Students will have no further standards-based experience with this content after this course. It is essential for students to know: As a result of the study of this standard, students should be able to describe the movement of people and goods between the European, Asian, and African continents. Students should be able to describe the geographical, technological, and economic factors that aided exploration and trade.
    [Show full text]