Regional Red List of Irish Bees
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UNIVERSITY of READING Delivering Biodiversity and Pollination Services on Farmland
UNIVERSITY OF READING Delivering biodiversity and pollination services on farmland: a comparison of three wildlife- friendly farming schemes Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Agri-Environmental Research School of Agriculture, Policy and Development Chloe J. Hardman June 2016 Declaration I confirm that this is my own work and the use of all material from other sources has been properly and fully acknowledged. Chloe Hardman i Abstract Gains in food production through agricultural intensification have come at an environmental cost, including reductions in habitat diversity, species diversity and some ecosystem services. Wildlife- friendly farming schemes aim to mitigate the negative impacts of agricultural intensification. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of three schemes using four matched triplets of farms in southern England. The schemes were: i) a baseline of Entry Level Stewardship (ELS: a flexible widespread government scheme, ii) organic agriculture and iii) Conservation Grade (CG: a prescriptive, non-organic, biodiversity-focused scheme). We examined how effective the schemes were in supporting habitat diversity, species diversity, floral resources, pollinators and pollination services. Farms in CG and organic schemes supported higher habitat diversity than farms only in ELS. Plant and butterfly species richness were significantly higher on organic farms and butterfly species richness was marginally higher on CG farms compared to farms in ELS. The species richness of plants, butterflies, solitary bees and birds in winter was significantly correlated with local habitat diversity. Organic farms supported more evenly distributed floral resources and higher nectar densities compared to farms in CG or ELS. Compared to maximum estimates of pollen demand from six bee species, only organic farms supplied sufficient pollen in late summer. -
A Comprehensive Guide to Insects of Britain & Ireland
a comprehensive guide to insects of Britain & ireland To be launched Spring 2014. order your copy now and save over £7.50! Offer endS 31 March 2014 Special expected list price: £27.50 Pre-Publication special price: £19.95 offer you save: £7.50 A comprehensive guide to Insects of Britain & irelAnd by Paul D. Brock Special expected list price: £27.50 * Scientific Associate of the Pre-Publication special price: £19.95 Natural History Museum, offer you save: £7.50 London, and author of the acclaimed ‘Insects of the New Forest’ full colour photographs throughout, with fully comprehensive sections on all insect 2 Ants, bees and wasps Subfamily Andreninae Ants, bees and wasps 3 Andrena species form the majority of this large subfamily of small to large, mining (soil-nesting) bees; very few groups, including flies, bees and wasps nest communally. There are sometimes several species with similar appearance, thus care is needed in identification. Many have a single brood, but identification of others with two broods is so by seasonal variation. In a few species, giant males occur, with large heads and mandibles. metimes complicated species and a few Sphecodes species are cleptoparasites and parasitic flies are often seen around Colourful nests where it is fascinating to watch their behaviour. A selection of species in this popular genus is include Nomada widespread, some are very local. ISBN 978-1-874357-58-2 d; although Andrena angustior Body length: 8–11 mm. Small, distinguished by the long marginal area on 2nd tergite. Cleptoparasite probably Nomada fabriciana Flexibound, 195 × 135mm, around 500pp woodlands, meadows and sometimes heaths. -
Bienen (Hymenoptera: Aculeata: Apiformes) Bestandsentwicklung 2
Bienen (Hymenoptera: Aculeata: Apiformes) Bestandsentwicklung 2. Fassung, Stand: Mai 2014 Christoph Saure & Eckart Stolle (unter Mitarbeit von Frank Burger, Frank Creutzburg, Tobias Meitzel & Christian Schmid-Egger) Bedeutung der Bienen Arten sind überregional in ihrem Bestand gefährdet oder bereits ausgestorben, z. B. sind in Deutschland 53 % Bienen sind eine außerordentlich formenreiche Grup- aller Bienenarten in der Roten Liste enthalten (West- pe, deren Artenzahl weltweit auf etwa 30.000 geschätzt rich et al. 2011). wird (Michener 2007). Im Gegensatz zu den verwand- ten Wespengruppen benötigen Bienen nicht nur für die Bienen reagieren auf Umweltveränderungen beson- eigene Ernährung, sondern auch für die Ernährung ih- ders empfindlich. Viele Arten sammeln Blütenpollen rer Larven große Mengen an Pollen und Nektar. Blüten ausschließlich auf einer Pflanzengattung oder -familie müssen daher sehr häufig besucht werden, wobei es in und sind damit an bestimmte Pflanzen in ausreichend der Regel zu einer Bestäubung kommt. Damit sind die großen Beständen gebunden. Außerdem werden be- Bienen die wichtigsten Bestäuberinsekten. Sie erbrin- sonnte Kleinstrukturen als Nisthabitate benötigt. Da- gen nicht nur eine enorme ökologische Leistung für die für kommen artspezifisch vegetationsarme Bodenstel- Erhaltung der Pflanzendiversität, sondern auch eine oft len, Böschungen, Totholz, dürre Pflanzenstängel, leere unterschätzte ökonomische Leistung. Von den weltweit Schneckengehäuse und anderes in Betracht (Westrich 124 wichtigsten Kulturpflanzen sind 87 Arten vollstän- 1989). Die Erhaltung und Neuanlage von Kleinstruktu- dig auf Bienen und andere tierische Bestäuber angewie- ren und blütenreichen Flächen ist dringend notwendig, sen (Klein et al. 2007). Der Wert der Bestäuberleistung um den Rückgang der Wildbienengemeinschaften im für die globale Landwirtschaft wird auf 153 Milliarden Offenland aufzuhalten. Dabei ist auch auf ein kontinu- Euro pro Jahr geschätzt (Gallai et al. -
Hymenoptera; Andrenidae) Manuela Giovanetti, Eloisa Lasso
Body size, loading capacity and rate of reproduction in the communal bee Andrena agilissima (Hymenoptera; Andrenidae) Manuela Giovanetti, Eloisa Lasso To cite this version: Manuela Giovanetti, Eloisa Lasso. Body size, loading capacity and rate of reproduction in the com- munal bee Andrena agilissima (Hymenoptera; Andrenidae). Apidologie, Springer Verlag, 2005, 36 (3), pp.439-447. hal-00892151 HAL Id: hal-00892151 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00892151 Submitted on 1 Jan 2005 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Apidologie 36 (2005) 439–447 © INRA/DIB-AGIB/ EDP Sciences, 2005 439 DOI: 10.1051/apido:2005028 Original article Body size, loading capacity and rate of reproduction in the communal bee Andrena agilissima (Hymenoptera; Andrenidae)1 Manuela GIOVANETTIa*, Eloisa LASSOb** a Dip. Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy b Dep. Plant Biology, University of Illinois, 505 S. Goodwin Av., 265 Morrill Hall, Urbana, IL 61801, USA Received 12 February 2004 – revised 3 November 2004 – accepted 12 November 2004 Published online 9 August 2005 Abstract – In bees, body size may be particularly important in determining the loading capacity, and consequently the rate of reproduction. -
Millichope Park and Estate Invertebrate Survey 2020
Millichope Park and Estate Invertebrate survey 2020 (Coleoptera, Diptera and Aculeate Hymenoptera) Nigel Jones & Dr. Caroline Uff Shropshire Entomology Services CONTENTS Summary 3 Introduction ……………………………………………………….. 3 Methodology …………………………………………………….. 4 Results ………………………………………………………………. 5 Coleoptera – Beeetles 5 Method ……………………………………………………………. 6 Results ……………………………………………………………. 6 Analysis of saproxylic Coleoptera ……………………. 7 Conclusion ………………………………………………………. 8 Diptera and aculeate Hymenoptera – true flies, bees, wasps ants 8 Diptera 8 Method …………………………………………………………… 9 Results ……………………………………………………………. 9 Aculeate Hymenoptera 9 Method …………………………………………………………… 9 Results …………………………………………………………….. 9 Analysis of Diptera and aculeate Hymenoptera … 10 Conclusion Diptera and aculeate Hymenoptera .. 11 Other species ……………………………………………………. 12 Wetland fauna ………………………………………………….. 12 Table 2 Key Coleoptera species ………………………… 13 Table 3 Key Diptera species ……………………………… 18 Table 4 Key aculeate Hymenoptera species ……… 21 Bibliography and references 22 Appendix 1 Conservation designations …………….. 24 Appendix 2 ………………………………………………………… 25 2 SUMMARY During 2020, 811 invertebrate species (mainly beetles, true-flies, bees, wasps and ants) were recorded from Millichope Park and a small area of adjoining arable estate. The park’s saproxylic beetle fauna, associated with dead wood and veteran trees, can be considered as nationally important. True flies associated with decaying wood add further significant species to the site’s saproxylic fauna. There is also a strong -
Wildlife Review Cover Image: Hedgehog by Keith Kirk
Dumfries & Galloway Wildlife Review Cover Image: Hedgehog by Keith Kirk. Keith is a former Dumfries & Galloway Council ranger and now helps to run Nocturnal Wildlife Tours based in Castle Douglas. The tours use a specially prepared night tours vehicle, complete with external mounted thermal camera and internal viewing screens. Each participant also has their own state- of-the-art thermal imaging device to use for the duration of the tour. This allows participants to detect animals as small as rabbits at up to 300 metres away or get close enough to see Badgers and Roe Deer going about their nightly routine without them knowing you’re there. For further information visit www.wildlifetours.co.uk email [email protected] or telephone 07483 131791 Contributing photographers p2 Small White butterfly © Ian Findlay, p4 Colvend coast ©Mark Pollitt, p5 Bittersweet © northeastwildlife.co.uk, Wildflower grassland ©Mark Pollitt, p6 Oblong Woodsia planting © National Trust for Scotland, Oblong Woodsia © Chris Miles, p8 Birdwatching © castigatio/Shutterstock, p9 Hedgehog in grass © northeastwildlife.co.uk, Hedgehog in leaves © Mark Bridger/Shutterstock, Hedgehog dropping © northeastwildlife.co.uk, p10 Cetacean watch at Mull of Galloway © DGERC, p11 Common Carder Bee © Bob Fitzsimmons, p12 Black Grouse confrontation © Sergey Uryadnikov/Shutterstock, p13 Black Grouse male ©Sergey Uryadnikov/Shutterstock, Female Black Grouse in flight © northeastwildlife.co.uk, Common Pipistrelle bat © Steven Farhall/ Shutterstock, p14 White Ermine © Mark Pollitt, -
Scottish Bees
Scottish Bees Introduction to bees Bees are fascinating insects that can be found in a broad range of habitats from urban gardens to grasslands and wetlands. There are over 270 species of bee in the UK in 6 families - 115 of these have been recorded in Scotland, with 4 species now thought to be extinct and insufficient data available for another 2 species. Bees are very diverse, varying in size, tongue-length and flower preference. In the UK we have 1 species of honey bee, 24 species of bumblebee and the rest are solitary bees. They fulfil an essential ecological and environmental role as one of the most significant groups of pollinating insects, all of which we depend upon for the pollination of 80% of our wild and cultivated plants. Some flowers are in fact designed specifically for bee pollination, to the exclusion of generalist pollinators. Bees and their relatives Bees are classified in the complex insect order Hymenoptera (meaning membrane-winged), which also includes many kinds of parasitic wasps, gall wasps, hunting wasps, ants and sawflies. There are about 150,000 species of Hymenoptera known worldwide separated into two sub-orders. The first is the most primitive sub-order Symphyta which includes the sawflies and their relatives, lacking a wasp-waist and generally with free-living caterpillar-like larvae. The second is the sub-order Apocrita, which includes the ants, bees and wasps which are ’wasp-waisted’ and have grub-like larvae that develop within hosts, galls or nests. The sub-order Apocrita is in turn divided into two sections, the Parasitica and Aculeata. -
Yorkhill Green Spaces Wildlife Species List
Yorkhill Green Spaces Wildlife Species List April 2021 update Yorkhill Green Spaces Species list Draft list of animals, plants, fungi, mosses and lichens recorded from Yorkhill, Glasgow. Main sites: Yorkhill Park, Overnewton Park and Kelvinhaugh Park (AKA Cherry Park). Other recorded sites: bank of River Kelvin at Bunhouse Rd/ Old Dumbarton Rd, Clyde Expressway path, casual records from streets and gardens in Yorkhill. Species total: 711 Vertebrates: Amhibians:1, Birds: 57, Fish: 7, Mammals (wild): 15 Invertebrates: Amphipods: 1, Ants: 3, Bees: 26, Beetles: 21, Butterflies: 11, Caddisflies: 2, Centipedes: 3, Earthworms: 2, Earwig: 1, Flatworms: 1, Flies: 61, Grasshoppers: 1, Harvestmen: 2, Lacewings: 2, Mayflies: 2, Mites: 4, Millipedes: 3, Moths: 149, True bugs: 13, Slugs & snails: 21, Spiders: 14, Springtails: 2, Wasps: 13, Woodlice: 5 Plants: Flowering plants: 174, Ferns: 5, Grasses: 13, Horsetail: 1, Liverworts: 7, Mosses:17, Trees: 19 Fungi and lichens: Fungi: 24, Lichens: 10 Conservation Status: NameSBL - Scottish Biodiversity List Priority Species Birds of Conservation Concern - Red List, Amber List Last Common name Species Taxon Record Common toad Bufo bufo amphiban 2012 Australian landhopper Arcitalitrus dorrieni amphipod 2021 Black garden ant Lasius niger ant 2020 Red ant Myrmica rubra ant 2021 Red ant Myrmica ruginodis ant 2014 Buff-tailed bumblebee Bombus terrestris bee 2021 Garden bumblebee Bombus hortorum bee 2020 Tree bumblebee Bombus hypnorum bee 2021 Heath bumblebee Bombus jonellus bee 2020 Red-tailed bumblebee Bombus -
A Trait-Based Approach Laura Roquer Beni Phd Thesis 2020
ADVERTIMENT. Lʼaccés als continguts dʼaquesta tesi queda condicionat a lʼacceptació de les condicions dʼús establertes per la següent llicència Creative Commons: http://cat.creativecommons.org/?page_id=184 ADVERTENCIA. El acceso a los contenidos de esta tesis queda condicionado a la aceptación de las condiciones de uso establecidas por la siguiente licencia Creative Commons: http://es.creativecommons.org/blog/licencias/ WARNING. The access to the contents of this doctoral thesis it is limited to the acceptance of the use conditions set by the following Creative Commons license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en Pollinator communities and pollination services in apple orchards: a trait-based approach Laura Roquer Beni PhD Thesis 2020 Pollinator communities and pollination services in apple orchards: a trait-based approach Tesi doctoral Laura Roquer Beni per optar al grau de doctora Directors: Dr. Jordi Bosch i Dr. Anselm Rodrigo Programa de Doctorat en Ecologia Terrestre Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF) Universitat de Autònoma de Barcelona Juliol 2020 Il·lustració de la portada: Gala Pont @gala_pont Al meu pare, a la meva mare, a la meva germana i al meu germà Acknowledgements Se’m fa impossible resumir tot el que han significat per mi aquests anys de doctorat. Les qui em coneixeu més sabeu que han sigut anys de transformació, de reptes, d’aprendre a prioritzar sense deixar de cuidar allò que és important. Han sigut anys d’equilibris no sempre fàcils però molt gratificants. Heu sigut moltes les persones que m’heu acompanyat, d’una manera o altra, en el transcurs d’aquest projecte de creixement vital i acadèmic, i totes i cadascuna de vosaltres, formeu part del resultat final. -
Biological Control and Pollination in Cider Apple Orchards: a Socio-Ecological
Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas Programa de Doctorado: “Biogeociencias” Línea de investigación: Ecología y Biodiversidad Biological Control and Pollination in Cider Apple Orchards: a Socio-ecological Approach A thesis submitted by Rodrigo Martínez Sastre Under the supervision of Dr. Marcos Miñarro and Dr. Daniel García Oviedo 2020 RECOMMENDED CITATION: Martínez-Sastre, R. (2020). Biological control and pollination in cider apple orchards: a socio-ecological approach. PhD Thesis. University of Oviedo (Oviedo, Asturias). Spain RESUMEN DEL CONTENIDO DE TESIS DOCTORAL 1.- Título de la Tesis Español/Otro Idioma: Control biológico y Inglés: Biological control and pollination in polinización en plantaciones de manzana de cider-apple orchards: a socio-ecological sidra: una aproximación socio-ecológica approach. 2.- Autor Nombre: RODRIGO MARTÍNEZ SASTRE DNI/Pasaporte/NIE: 53474767C Programa de Doctorado: BIOGEOCIENCIAS Órgano responsable: DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGÍA DE ORGANISMOS Y SISTEMAS RESUMEN (en español) La expansión agrícola y su intensificación son unas de las principales causas del deterioro medio ambiental y de la pérdida de biodiversidad en todo el mundo. Aunque suene contradictorio, esta tendencia actual pone en peligro el suministro futuro de alimentos a escala global. Sin embargo, una agricultura rentable que haga compatible la seguridad alimentaria con la conservación de la naturaleza es posible. En 010 (Reg.2018) 010 - los últimos años, muchos esfuerzos se han destinado a detener los daños generados por la agricultura y hacerla más sostenible. Lamentablemente, queda mucho camino por recorrer. La biodiversidad, asociada VOA - al suministro de servicios ecosistémicos, puede aportar diversos beneficios al rendimiento de los cultivos. MAT - Sin embargo, para asentar dicha biodiversidad es necesario cumplir ciertas condiciones favorables dentro FOR y cerca del cultivo. -
Bees and Wasps of the East Sussex South Downs
A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 A SURVEY OF THE BEES AND WASPS OF FIFTEEN CHALK GRASSLAND AND CHALK HEATH SITES WITHIN THE EAST SUSSEX SOUTH DOWNS Steven Falk, 2011 Abstract For six years between 2003 and 2008, over 100 site visits were made to fifteen chalk grassland and chalk heath sites within the South Downs of Vice-county 14 (East Sussex). This produced a list of 227 bee and wasp species and revealed the comparative frequency of different species, the comparative richness of different sites and provided a basic insight into how many of the species interact with the South Downs at a site and landscape level. The study revealed that, in addition to the character of the semi-natural grasslands present, the bee and wasp fauna is also influenced by the more intensively-managed agricultural landscapes of the Downs, with many species taking advantage of blossoming hedge shrubs, flowery fallow fields, flowery arable field margins, flowering crops such as Rape, plus plants such as buttercups, thistles and dandelions within relatively improved pasture. Some very rare species were encountered, notably the bee Halictus eurygnathus Blüthgen which had not been seen in Britain since 1946. This was eventually recorded at seven sites and was associated with an abundance of Greater Knapweed. The very rare bees Anthophora retusa (Linnaeus) and Andrena niveata Friese were also observed foraging on several dates during their flight periods, providing a better insight into their ecology and conservation requirements. -
Defining and Applying the Concept of Favourable Reference Values for Species and Habitats Under the EU Birds and Habitats Directives
Defining and applying the concept of Favourable Reference Values for species and habitats under the EU Birds and Habitats Directives Examples of setting favourable reference values Service contract No. 07.0202/2015/715107/SER/ENV.B.3 financed by the European Commission – contractor: Alterra, institute within the legal entity Stichting DLO (now: Wageningen Environmental Research) R.J. Bijlsma1, E. Agrillo2, F. Attorre2, L. Boitani3, A. Brunner4, P. Evans5, R. Foppen6, S. Gubbay7, J.A.M. Janssen1, A. van Kleunen6, W. Langhout4, M. Pacifici3, I. Ramírez8, C. Rondinini3, M. van Roomen6, H. Siepel9, C.A.M. van Swaaij10 & H.V. Winter11 1 Wageningen Environmental Research 2 Comunità Ambiente 3 Istituto Ecologia Applicata 4 Stichting BirdLife Europe 5 Sea Watch Foundation 6 Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology 7 Susan Gubbay 8 BirdLife International 9 Radboud University Nijmegen 10 Dutch Butterfly Conservation 11 Wageningen Marine Research Wageningen Environmental Research Wageningen, July 2018 Disclaimer: The information and views set out in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the European Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this report. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. Contents Preface 5 1 Cetaceans 7 1.1 Common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in the European Atlantic 7 1.2 Short-beaked common dolphin