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TR-SBA-Research-0512-01: Fast and Efficient Browser Identification With
Fast and Efficient Browser Identification with JavaScript Engine Fingerprinting Technical Report TR-SBA-Research-0512-01 Martin Mulazzani∗, Philipp Reschl; Markus Huber∗, Manuel Leithner∗, Edgar Weippl∗ *SBA Research Favoritenstrasse 16 AT-1040 Vienna, Austria [email protected] Abstract. While web browsers are becoming more and more important in everyday life, the reliable detection of whether a client is using a specific browser is still a hard problem. So far, the UserAgent string is used, which is a self-reported string provided by the client. It is, however, not a security feature, and can be changed arbitrarily. In this paper, we propose a new method for identifying Web browsers, based on the underlying Javascript engine. We set up a Javascript confor- mance test and calculate a fingerprint that can reliably identify a given browser, and can be executed on the client within a fraction of a sec- ond. Our method is three orders of magnitude faster than previous work on browser fingerprinting, and can be implemented in just a few hun- dred lines of Javascript. Furthermore, we collected data for more than 150 browser and operating system combinations, and present algorithms to calculate minimal fingerprints for each of a given set of browsers to make fingerprinting as fast as possible. We evaluate the feasibility of our method with a survey and discuss the consequences for user privacy and security. This technique can be used to enhance state-of-the-art session management (with or without SSL), as it can make session hijacking considerably more difficult. 1 Introduction Today, the Web browser is a central component of almost every operating sys- tem. -
HTTP Cookie - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia 14/05/2014
HTTP cookie - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 14/05/2014 Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search HTTP cookie From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Navigation A cookie, also known as an HTTP cookie, web cookie, or browser HTTP Main page cookie, is a small piece of data sent from a website and stored in a Persistence · Compression · HTTPS · Contents user's web browser while the user is browsing that website. Every time Request methods Featured content the user loads the website, the browser sends the cookie back to the OPTIONS · GET · HEAD · POST · PUT · Current events server to notify the website of the user's previous activity.[1] Cookies DELETE · TRACE · CONNECT · PATCH · Random article Donate to Wikipedia were designed to be a reliable mechanism for websites to remember Header fields Wikimedia Shop stateful information (such as items in a shopping cart) or to record the Cookie · ETag · Location · HTTP referer · DNT user's browsing activity (including clicking particular buttons, logging in, · X-Forwarded-For · Interaction or recording which pages were visited by the user as far back as months Status codes or years ago). 301 Moved Permanently · 302 Found · Help 303 See Other · 403 Forbidden · About Wikipedia Although cookies cannot carry viruses, and cannot install malware on 404 Not Found · [2] Community portal the host computer, tracking cookies and especially third-party v · t · e · Recent changes tracking cookies are commonly used as ways to compile long-term Contact page records of individuals' browsing histories—a potential privacy concern that prompted European[3] and U.S. -
The Artist's Emergent Journey the Metaphysics of Henri Bergson, and Also Those by Eric Voegelin Against Gnosticism2
Vol 1 No 2 (Autumn 2020) Online: jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/nexj Visit our WebBlog: newexplorations.net The Artist’s Emergent Journey Clinton Ignatov—The McLuhan Institute—[email protected] To examine computers as a medium in the style of Marshall McLuhan, we must understand the origins of his own perceptions on the nature of media and his deep-seated religious impetus for their development. First we will uncover McLuhan’s reasoning in his description of the artist and the occult origins of his categories of hot and cool media. This will prepare us to recognize these categories when they are reformulated by cyberneticist Norbert Wiener and ethnographer Sherry Turkle. Then, as we consider the roles “black boxes” play in contemporary art and theory, many ways of bringing McLuhan’s insights on space perception and the role of the artist up to date for the work of defining and explaining cyberspace will be demonstrated. Through this work the paradoxical morality of McLuhan’s decision to not make moral value judgments will have been made clear. Introduction In order to bring Marshall McLuhan into the 21st century it is insufficient to retrieve his public persona. This particular character, performed in the ‘60s and ‘70s on the global theater’s world stage, was tailored to the audiences of its time. For our purposes today, we’ve no option but an audacious attempt to retrieve, as best we can, the whole man. To these ends, while examining the media of our time, we will strive to delicately reconstruct the human-scale McLuhan from what has been left in both his public and private written corpus. -
Instrumentalizing the Sources of Attraction. How Russia Undermines Its Own Soft Power
INSTRUMENTALIZING THE SOURCES OF ATTRACTION. HOW RUSSIA UNDERMINES ITS OWN SOFT POWER By Vasile Rotaru Abstract The 2011-2013 domestic protests and the 2013-2015 Ukraine crisis have brought to the Russian politics forefront an increasing preoccupation for the soft power. The concept started to be used in official discourses and documents and a series of measures have been taken both to avoid the ‘dangers’ of and to streamline Russia’s soft power. This dichotomous approach towards the ‘power of attraction’ have revealed the differences of perception of the soft power by Russian officials and the Western counterparts. The present paper will analyse Russia’s efforts to control and to instrumentalize the sources of soft power, trying to assess the effectiveness of such an approach. Keywords: Russian soft power, Russian foreign policy, public diplomacy, Russian mass media, Russian internet Introduction The use of term soft power is relatively new in the Russian political circles, however, it has become recently increasingly popular among the Russian analysts, policy makers and politicians. The term per se was used for the first time in Russian political discourse in February 2012 by Vladimir Putin. In the presidential election campaign, the then candidate Putin drew attention to the fact that soft power – “a set of tools and methods to achieve foreign policy goals without the use of arms but by exerting information and other levers of influence” is used frequently by “big countries, international blocks or corporations” “to develop and provoke extremist, separatist and nationalistic attitudes, to manipulate the public and to directly interfere in the domestic policy of sovereign countries” (Putin 2012). -
Background Setup
1.5.09 [email protected] Mechanical Turk/Browser Ballot Findings Background To compliment the testing and research done by Critical and Patrick Finch in Europe, I conducted a series of tests on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to try out various aspects of the EC's Ballot design. The goal is to determine both how to design the ballot in the most neutral way possible, and for Mozilla to determine the most successful summary and image for the Firefox section of the ballot. I used MT because it’s a very fast and cheap way to get a design in front of many eyes. And the responses that came back were very good; users spent an average of 2.8 minutes on a five- minute test, and gave complete answers to free-form questions. A few drawbacks of the test were: • Users tended to be more highly-technical than average • Users tended to have heard of Firefox and already have a favorable opinion about it • MT did not provide a way to filter results by country, and many users were in North America as a result Because of the above problems, the MT tests are not the best sample of users that are similar to those seeing the ballot in Europe. However, their answers still provided some insight into why people use what browsers, what factors would make them switch, and what presentations of Firefox’s brand and motto would be most compelling. Setup The MT tests were given in three phases. In all of these test, various demographics questions such as what browser the user was running and where they live were asked. -
HOLT Earth Science
HOLT Earth Science Directed Reading Name Class Date Skills Worksheet Directed Reading Section: What Is Earth Science? 1. For thousands of years, people have looked at the world and wondered what shaped it. 2. How did cultures throughout history attempt to explain events such as vol- cano eruptions, earthquakes, and eclipses? 3. How does modern science attempt to understand Earth and its changing landscape? THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF EARTH ______ 4. Scientists in China began keeping records of earthquakes as early as a. 200 BCE. b. 480 BCE. c. 780 BCE. d. 1780 BCE. ______ 5. What kind of catalog did the ancient Greeks compile? a. a catalog of rocks and minerals b. a catalog of stars in the universe c. a catalog of gods and goddesses d. a catalog of fashion ______ 6. What did the Maya track in ancient times? a. the tides b. the movement of people and animals c. changes in rocks and minerals d. the movements of the sun, moon, and planets ______ 7. Based on their observations, the Maya created a. jewelry. b. calendars. c. books. d. pyramids. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Earth Science 7 Introduction to Earth Science Name Class Date Directed Reading continued ______ 8. For a long time, scientific discoveries were limited to a. observations of phenomena that could be made with the help of scientific instruments. b. observations of phenomena that could not be seen, only imagined. c. myths and legends surrounding phenomena. d. observations of phenomena that could be seen with the unaided eye. -
Mozilla/Firefox: MDN Web Docs, Recommended Extensions and Tenfourfox FPR23 for Intel
Published on Tux Machines (http://www.tuxmachines.org) Home > content > Mozilla/Firefox: MDN Web Docs, Recommended Extensions and TenFourFox FPR23 for Intel Mozilla/Firefox: MDN Web Docs, Recommended Extensions and TenFourFox FPR23 for Intel By Rianne Schestowitz Created 12/06/2020 - 5:32am Submitted by Rianne Schestowitz on Friday 12th of June 2020 05:32:58 AM Introducing the MDN Web Docs Front-end developer learning pathway[1] The MDN Web Docs Learning Area (LA) was first launched in 2015, with the aim of providing a useful counterpart to the regular MDN reference and guide material. MDN had traditionally been aimed at web professionals, but we were getting regular feedback that a lot of our audience found MDN too difficult to understand, and that it lacked coverage of basic topics. Fast forward 5 years, and the Learning Area material is well-received. It boasts around 3.5?4 million page views per month; a little under 10% of MDN Web Docs? monthly web traffic. At this point, the Learning Area does its job pretty well. A lot of people use it to study client- side web technologies, and its loosely-structured, unopinionated, modular nature makes it easy to pick and choose subjects at your own pace. Teachers like it because it is easy to include in their own courses. Recommended extensions ? recent additions [2] When the Recommended Extensions program debuted last year, it listed about 60 extensions. Today the program has grown to just over a hundred as we continue to evaluate new nominations and carefully grow the list. The curated collection grows slowly because one of the program?s goals is to cultivate a fairly fixed list of content so users can feel confident the Recommended extensions they install will be monitored for safety and security for the foreseeable future. -
NREL Has Learned Over the Past 20 Years About Variouwcommunity-Based Learning Programs
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 397 476 EA 027 711 TITLE School Improvemént Research Series: Series X, 1995-96. INSTITUTION Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, Oreg. SPONS AGENCY Office of Educational Research and Improvement (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 96 CONTRACT RP91002001 NOTE 103p. AVAILABLE FROMNorthwest Regional Educational Laboratory, 101 S.W. Main Street, Suite 500, Portland, OR 97204. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) -- Information Analyses (070) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC05 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Academic Achievement; *Change Strategies; Citizenship Education; Cooperative Education; *Educational Improvement; Elementary Secondary Education; *Excellence in Education; *Experiential Learning; Integrated Services; Learning Experience; Learning Strategies; Organizational Climate; School Size ABSTRACT This packet contains seven research briefs in the Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory's (NWREL's) "School Improvement Research Series" for 1995-96. Topical Synthesis #8, "Community-Based Learning: A Foundation for Meaningful Educational Reform" (Thomas R. Owens and Changhua Wang) summarizes les..ons that NREL has learned over the past 20 years about variouwcommunity-based learning programs. Close-Up #19, "Educating for Citizenship" (Kathleen Cotton), describes issues concerning the content and processes of civic education. Close-Up #20, "School Size, School Climate, and Student Performance" (Kathleen Cotton), reviews research literature that examined the relationships among school size, school climate, and student performance. Snapshot 1/37, "Providing Integrated Services in an Inner-City School" (Joan Shaughnessy), relates how a small innAr-city public elementary school--the Family Academy, New York, New York--designed an approach that successfully integrated social services with academic learning. Snapshot #38, "Integrating Middle School Curriculum around Real-World Issues" (James W. Kushman) describes how Waldo Middle School in Salem, Oregon, integrated middle-school curriculum around real-world issues. -
Giant List of Web Browsers
Giant List of Web Browsers The majority of the world uses a default or big tech browsers but there are many alternatives out there which may be a better choice. Take a look through our list & see if there is something you like the look of. All links open in new windows. Caveat emptor old friend & happy surfing. 1. 32bit https://www.electrasoft.com/32bw.htm 2. 360 Security https://browser.360.cn/se/en.html 3. Avant http://www.avantbrowser.com 4. Avast/SafeZone https://www.avast.com/en-us/secure-browser 5. Basilisk https://www.basilisk-browser.org 6. Bento https://bentobrowser.com 7. Bitty http://www.bitty.com 8. Blisk https://blisk.io 9. Brave https://brave.com 10. BriskBard https://www.briskbard.com 11. Chrome https://www.google.com/chrome 12. Chromium https://www.chromium.org/Home 13. Citrio http://citrio.com 14. Cliqz https://cliqz.com 15. C?c C?c https://coccoc.com 16. Comodo IceDragon https://www.comodo.com/home/browsers-toolbars/icedragon-browser.php 17. Comodo Dragon https://www.comodo.com/home/browsers-toolbars/browser.php 18. Coowon http://coowon.com 19. Crusta https://sourceforge.net/projects/crustabrowser 20. Dillo https://www.dillo.org 21. Dolphin http://dolphin.com 22. Dooble https://textbrowser.github.io/dooble 23. Edge https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/microsoft-edge 24. ELinks http://elinks.or.cz 25. Epic https://www.epicbrowser.com 26. Epiphany https://projects-old.gnome.org/epiphany 27. Falkon https://www.falkon.org 28. Firefox https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new 29. -
APPLE-Bug PE 2017-10
September 2016 Volume 37 Number 10 Public Edition Main Presentation: macOS High Sierra - the new bits Free Public Edition of the Apple-Bug Magazine ! Free Apple-Q FOSS Birthday Disk macOS High Sierra for all new members- with up to 30 GB of Freeware & Open Source Software and over 180 Apple-Q HowTo Tutorials! (see details inside) QuickBytes: Travelling with your iPad - QuickBits: iOS 11 - the new bits Apple-Bug September 2016 1 What’s On: Presentations - Sunday 15th October 2017 Main Presentation: QuickBytes: QuickBits: macOS High Sierra Travelling with iOS 11 - the new - the new bits your iPad bits 11:45am -> 12.30pm 2.00 -> 2:30 2:30 -> 2.45 Having recently returned from an overseas holiday, the only electronic items Ken took with him were an iPhone, iPad and camera. He found the iPad invaluable for travelling with, particularly Leigh has been spending his time in light of the vast number of apps updating his system to the newly available. How did he ever survive released macOS High Sierra. previously without one? This has not been without its share of This new version brings some welcome drama as the Cloud server then Come along and listen to all the pros and and useful features. dropped all his settings and returned cons of travelling with the iPad. A complete overhaul of the iPad to its default settings. interface has occurred - e.g., it now has Although he was able to save his new a dock. files to the Cloud others had trouble The swipe up menu is a little easier to accessing these files. -
Computational Propaganda in Russia: the Origins of Digital Misinformation
Working Paper No. 2017.3 Computational Propaganda in Russia: The Origins of Digital Misinformation Sergey Sanovich, New York University 1 Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Domestic Origins of Russian Foreign Digital Propaganda ......................................................................... 5 Identifying Russian Bots on Twitter .............................................................................................................. 13 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................................... 15 Author Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ 17 About the Author ............................................................................................................................................. 17 References ........................................................................................................................................................ 18 Citation ............................................................................................................................................................ -
Webkit and Blink: Open Development Powering the HTML5 Revolution
WebKit and Blink: Open Development Powering the HTML5 Revolution Juan J. Sánchez LinuxCon 2013, New Orleans Myself, Igalia and WebKit Co-founder, member of the WebKit/Blink/Browsers team Igalia is an open source consultancy founded in 2001 Igalia is Top 5 contributor to upstream WebKit/Blink Working with many industry actors: tablets, phones, smart tv, set-top boxes, IVI and home automation. WebKit and Blink Juan J. Sánchez Outline The WebKit technology: goals, features, architecture, code structure, ports, webkit2, ongoing work The WebKit community: contributors, committers, reviewers, tools, events How to contribute to WebKit: bugfixing, features, new ports Blink: history, motivations for the fork, differences, status and impact in the WebKit community WebKit and Blink Juan J. Sánchez WebKit: The technology WebKit and Blink Juan J. Sánchez The WebKit project Web rendering engine (HTML, JavaScript, CSS...) The engine is the product Started as a fork of KHTML and KJS in 2001 Open Source since 2005 Among other things, it’s useful for: Web browsers Using web technologies for UI development WebKit and Blink Juan J. Sánchez Goals of the project Web Content Engine: HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOM Open Source: BSD-style and LGPL licenses Compatibility: regression testing Standards Compliance Stability Performance Security Portability: desktop, mobile, embedded... Usability Hackability WebKit and Blink Juan J. Sánchez Goals of the project NON-goals: “It’s an engine, not a browser” “It’s an engineering project not a science project” “It’s not a bundle of maximally general and reusable code” “It’s not the solution to every problem” http://www.webkit.org/projects/goals.html WebKit and Blink Juan J.