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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19726-7 - The Handbook of Personal Area Networking Technologies and Protocols Dean Anthony Gratton Index More information

Index

3D technology, see Wireless Home Digital Interface using Near Field Communications (NFC) (WHDI) technology, 218 3GPP, see 3rd Generation Partnership Project LTE wireless means periphery devices not needed, standard (3GPP) 6–7, 244–5 3-in-1 specification, see Specification of the APS, see ZigBee Application Support layer Bluetooth System: Core, 4.0 (APS) 3rd Generation Partnership Project LTE standard area network, see network topologies (3GPP), 30 ARCNET connectivity protocol, 16 Ashton, Kevin, 59 adaptive beamforming, 356 ATT, see attribute protocol (ATT) layer Advanced Encyrption Standard, 94 Attached Resource Computer NETwork, see Alternative MAC/PHY (AMP) ARCNET connectivity protocol architecture, 293, 295, 306 attribute protocol (ATT) layer, 79, 91–3 for Bluetooth high speed capability, 66, 305 Audio/Video Control Layer (AVCL), 340–1 Amimon Incorporated, 322, 325, 326 auto configuration, see intelligent PAN AMP, see Alternative MAC/PHY (AMP) AV C L , see Audio/Video Control Layer (AVCL) ANT Wireless Body Area Network (BAN) networking, 180–2 BACnet, 106, 154 channel-based communication, 193, 196–201 BAN, see Body Area Network (BAN) competitors, see Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Barclaycard, 219, 220 history of, 175–6 batteries market, 179–80 in ANT technology, 175 optimizing data transmission, 54–5 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 62, 69 technology timeline, 177–9 extending life of in wireless devices, 54–5 topologies, 191–3 network environments for, 109–10 see also Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) BBC iPlayer (online application), 42 ANT Wireless architecture BLE, see Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) host controller unit, 179, 193, 194–5 BLE 48-bit Universal LAN MAC address 802–2001 interface, 202 standard, 83 sensor, 195–6 Bluetooth ANT Wireless device profiles Core 4.0 Specification, 67, 69, 77, 279 audio control, 185 eavesdroppers, 14 bicycle power, 185, 186 frequency hopping, 80, 295 bicycle speed and cadence, 186 and IP stack, 62 blood pressure, 186 and Personal Area Network (PAN), 19, 21, 283 fitness equipment, 187 systems, see Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) geocache, 187 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate heart-rate monitor, 188 (BR/EDR) light electric vehicle, 188, 189 compared to Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 66–7, running stride and distance, 189 279–80 weight scale, 191 competitors, see Near Field Communications ANT+ Alliance, 175, 176–7 (NFC) Apple Corporation Generic Access Profile (GAP), 98–9 and Bluetooth, 69 market, 283–4

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19726-7 - The Handbook of Personal Area Networking Technologies and Protocols Dean Anthony Gratton Index More information

376 Index

Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate link layer, 79, 80–7 (BR/EDR) (cont.) Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol security, 319–21 (L2CAP), 79, 90–1 technology timeline, 281–3 Physical Layer (PHY) layer, 79, 80–1, 91 topologies, 291 Security Manager Protocol (SMP) layer, 79, 93, Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate 94, 95, 96 (BR/EDR) application profiles Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) topologies, 77, 78 advanced audio distribution, 284, 285, 286–7 Bluetooth Low Energy System, see Bluetooth Low audio/video remote control, 284, 285, 286, 287 Energy (BLE) basic imaging, 284, 285, 287 Bluetooth SIG, 67, 69, 280 basic printing, 284, 285, 287 Bluetooth Special Interest Group, see Bluetooth SIG file transfer, 284, 285, 288 Body Area Network (BAN) global navigation satellite system, 284, 285, 288 ANT Wireless, 180–2 hands-free, 284, 285, 289 and Lawnmower Man Effect (LME), 38, 39 headset, 284, 285, 288 and Near Field Communications (NFC), 224 human interface device, 284, 285, 289 Boxee Box, 37, 38 labeling, 279 BR/EDR, see Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data personal area networking, 284, 285, 290 Rate (BR/EDR) phone book access, 284, 285, 290 building automation, 358 SIM access, 284, 285, 290 bus topology, 24 video distribution, 284, 285, 290 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate cable technology (BR/EDR) architecture as second-choice, 8 Generic Access Profile (GAP), 293, 316–21 complexity of, 4, 5, 6 Host Controller Interface (HCI), 293, 295, 306–7, embedded into consumer conscience as easy to 308 use, 7–8 Link Controller (LC), 293, 295–303 locations where difficult to use, 6 Link Manager (LM), 293, 303–5 transatlantic, 7 Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol Campus Area Network (CAN), 16 (L2CAP), 293, 308–13 CAN, see Campus Area Network (CAN) Physical Layer (PHY), 293–5 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision see also Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) Avoidance (CSMA-CA), 140 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) cellular networking, 30–1 compared to Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data certification program Rate (BR/EDR), 66–7, 279–80 ANT+, 177 history of, 67 Bluetooth Qualification, 280, 281 market, 69, 224–5 NFC Forum, 216 technology timeline, 67–9 Wi-Fi, 243, 247 see also ANT Wireless; Nordic Semiconductor; Wi-Fi Direct, 276, 278 ZigBee Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) power save, 275 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) application profiles Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 324 alert notification, 71 ZigBee, 102 blood pressure, 71, 72 channel identifier (CID), see Logical Link Control cycling speed and cadence, 71, 73 and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) find me, 71, 75 channel-based communication glucose, 71, 72 ANT Wireless, 193, 196–201 health thermometer, 71, 75, 97 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate heart rate, 71, 73 (BR/EDR), 298–9, 300 proximity, 71, 75 see also Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) running speed and cadence, 71, 73, 74 chunking, 239 time, 71, 76 classic WPAN products Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) architecture D-Link router, 209 attribute protocol (ATT) layer, 79, 83, 91–3 Jabra headset, 208–9 Generic Access Profile (GAP), 97–9 clock (Bluetooth), 296, 298 Generic Attribute Profile (GATT), 79, 96–7 coexistence Host Controller Interface (HCI), 79, 87–9, 90 ICE guidelines, 4–5

Index 377

low power object, 62, 63, 140 Einstein, Albert, 9 in radio frequencies, 21 energy collision avoidance, 159 consumption monitoring, 106, 358 consumer efficient labeling, 47, 48–50 as brand ambassador via social media, extending battery life for wireless devices, 54–5 34 harvesting, 146, 160, 164 education, 13–14 low power consumption, 104 experience, 5 power save certification, 275 ICE guidelines, 5 from renewable resources, 51–4 needing 24 hour Internet access, 23 EnOcean perception of wireless technology, 4, 13 competitors, see Bluetooth; ZigBee Continua Health Alliance, 108 intelligent building application, 146–7, 151–2, convergence 155 media industry, 41–3 low power energy harvesting sensors, 146, 150 network technology, 19–22, 23–31, 40–1 market, 149–50 see also Personal Area Network (PAN) technology timeline, 148–9 cost topologies, 153–5 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 69 using no wires or batteries, 52–4 of energy, 55 venture funding in, 147 of new technology, 8–9 see also Dolphin Platform; SmartACK of smart objects, 62 EnOcean Alliance, 146, 147–8 Cross Platform Promotion (CPP), 34 EnOcean Dolphin Architecture DolphinAPI, 163–4 device addressing, 297 EnOcean System Software Layer (ESSL), 163, device filtering, 82 164–74 device types Equipment Profiles (EEP), 170–4 ANT Wireless, 182–91 Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), 163, 165, Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate 170 (BR/EDR), 286–90 MAC and PHY layers, see Dolphin Platform Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 70–6 EnOcean Equipment Profiles (EEP), 170–4 Near Field Communications (NFC), 225 EnOcean Radio Protocol (ERP), 156–60 Wi-Fi, 252–4 EnOcean Serial Protocol (ESP), 160–2 Wi-Fi Direct, 276–7, 278 EnOcean System Software Layer (ESSL), 163, Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 164–74 332 ERP, see EnOcean Radio Protocol (ERP) ZigBee, 110–11, 141 ESP, see EnOcean Serial Protocol (ESP) Digital Living Network Alliance standards (DNLA), ESSL, see EnOcean System Software Layer 35, 38 (ESSL) Direct Stream Digital standard (DSD), 323 Ethernet Direct Stream Transfer standard (DST), 323 connectivity protocol, 16 disruptive technology, 24–31 IEEE 802.3 standard, 65 D-Link, 37, 38, 206, 209, 330 port in PC, 244–5 Dolphin Platform European Installation Bus protocol, 154 EN3001 hardware, 155–6 EnOcean Radio Protocol (ERP), 156–60 Facebook, 34 see also EnOcean femtocells domotics 38 as disruptive technology, 23 see also Home Area Network (HAN) and technology convergence, 30–1 Dynastream Innovation Inc., 175–6 Foursquare, 34 Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), 80 ECMA-340 IP standard, 242 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), 80, education 295, 298 consumer, 13–14 market, 327 GAP, see Generic Access Profile (GAP) EEP, see EnOcean Equipment Profiles (EEP) Garmin, 179, 180 EIA/CEA-861-E standard, 322 GATT, see Generic Attribute Profile (GATT)

378 Index

Generic Access Profile (GAP) IEEE, 21 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate IEEE 802.11 standards (BR/EDR), 98–9 providing Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate connectivity, 243, 245 (BR/EDR) architecture, 293, 316–21 Wi-Fi, 65 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) architecture, 97–9 IEEE 802.11 standards architecture Generic Attribute Profile (GATT) DSSS modulation, 265, 266–8 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate MAC layer, 260, 261, 262–3, 269 (BR/EDR), 317 Physical Layer (PHY) layer, 260, 261, 263–6, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 71, 96–7 267, 268–9 Global Crossing, 7 IEEE 802.11a standard, 323 Global Marine Systems, 7 IEEE 802.11ac standard, 250, 323, 349–51 Global Positioning Systems, see GPS IEEE 802.11ad standard Google, 77, 218 and WiGig, 355 Google+,34 and WirelessUSB, 355 GPS, 40, 179, 180, 187, 288 IEEE 802.11n standard, 323 IEEE 802.15 working standards group, 20, 21 HAN, see Home Area Network (HAN) IEEE 802.15.4 standard, 100, 140 Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL), 163, 165, IEEE 802.3 standard, 16, 65, 244 170 Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) radio band hashtags, see Twitter ANT Wireless, 54–5, 175 HCI, see Host Controller Interface (HCI) and Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate headstone technology, 223 (BR/EDR), 293–5 Hewlett Packard, 326 and Near Field Communications (NFC), 212 Hibernian Express, 7 Infrared (IR) High Definition TV (HDTV), 323, 325 history of, 10 Home Area Network (HAN) and line-of-sight, 205 and intelligent PAN, 35 remote control, 140–1 energy efficient, 56–7 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, see and Lawnmower Man Effect (LME), 36–8 under IEEE Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) in, intelligent objects, see Internet of Things (IoT) 327–30 intelligent PAN, 35 and ZigBee, 104 International Electrotechnical Commission, see see also domotics under IEC Home Automation Standard, 105 International Organization for Standardization Host Controller Interface (HCI) (ISO), 160, 242 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate International Telecommunications Union, 30 (BR/EDR) architecture, 293, 295, 306–7, Internet 308 confusion with Wi-Fi, 205 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) architecture, 79, and Internet of Things (IoT), 59–61 87–9, 90 TCP/IP model, 260–2 Hulu (online application), 42 Internet of Things (IoT) hybrid architecture, 63–5 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 284 and devices, 358 network topology, 23 and the Internet, 59–61 smart agent, 63 and IPSO Alliance, 61–2 and Lawnmower Man Effect (LME), 34 ICE guidelines and smart objects, 62–3 coexistence in radio frequency technology, 4–5 and Wi-Fi technology, 254 consumer experience with wireless product, 5 and ZigBee, 104 interoperability between different manufacturers, Internet Protocol Suite, see TCP/IP model 4 Internet Service Providers (ISP), 32 IEC 60958 standard, 323 IoT, see Internet of Things (IoT) IEC 61937 standard, 323 IP address IEC/ISO 14443 standard, 213 IPSO Alliance, 61–2 IEC/ISO 18092 standard, 213 tracking over, 59–61

Index 379

IP protocol 61, 62, 140 Listen Before Talk (LBT), 159, 273 see also TCP/IP model LLCP, see Logical Link Control Protocol (LLCP) IPSO Alliance, 61–2 LM, see Link Manager (LM) IR, see Infrared (IR) LME, see Lawnmower Man Effect (LME) ISM, see Industrial Scientific and Medical (ISM) Local Area Network (LAN) radio band definition, 16 ISO, see International Organization for disruptive technologies, 24, 27 Standardization (ISO) portal integrating with Wireless Local Area ISO/IEC 14543-3-10 standard, 160 Network (WLAN), 259 ISO/IEC 18092 standard, 242 typical infrastructure, 18 see also PersonalAreaNetwork(PAN);Wide Jabra, 206, 208–9 Area Network (WAN) Jenkins, Henry, 29 Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) Konnex protocol, 154 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate (BR/EDR) architecture, 293, 308–13 L2CAP, see Logical Link Control and Adaptation Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) architecture, 79, Protocol (L2CAP) 90–1 labeling Logical Link Control Protocol (LLCP) 232–6 ANT Alliance, 176–7 see also Near Field Communications (NFC) Bluetooth, 66 architecture Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate Long Term Evolution (LTE), 23, 30 (BR/EDR) application profiles, 279 LonWorks protocol, 154 Bluetooth SIG, 280 LTE, see Long Term Evolution (LTE) energy efficient, 48–9 Energy Star, 49–50 MAC, see Media Access Control (MAC) layers EnOcean, 146, 147 Media Access Control (MAC) layers IPSO Alliance, 61–2 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) architecture, 83 NFC Forum, 214 IEEE, 16, 21, 140, 260, 261, 262–3, 269 WeightlessSIG, 280 Near Field Communications (NFC), 241–2 Wi-Fi, 243, 247 Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 340, WiGig, 355 341 Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), see also Physical Layer (PHY) layers 322 medical market ZigBee, 101, 102 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 71, 75, 97 LAN, see Local Area Network (LAN) Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) in, latency 327 ANT Wireless, 180 ZigBee, 108 Bluetooth, 69 membership WHDI, 343, 344 and ANT Alliance, 176–7 Wi-Fi, 252, 275 and Bluetooth SIG, 280 ZigBee, 104 and EnOcean Alliance, 147–8 Lawnmower Man Effect (LME) and NFC Forum, 215, 220 and Body Area Network (BAN), 38, 39 and Wi-Fi Alliance, 245–7 global reach of, 28 and Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) and Home Area Network (HAN), 36–8 Consortium, 323–4 and intelligent PAN, 35 and ZigBee Alliance, 101–2 overview, 32–4, 358 mesh topology and social media, 34 ANT Wireless, 191, 193 and Vehicle Area Network (VAN), 39–40 energy efficiency in, 57, 58 LC, see Link Controller (LC) and EnOcean, 153, 155 Linear Pulse-Code Modulation (LPCM) standard, and ZigBee, 24, 27, 109, 111 323 Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), 16 Link Controller (LC), 293, 295–303 Microsoft, 69 Link Manager (LM), 293, 303–5 Mobile Network Operators (MNO), 32 LinkedIn, 34 Mobile Virtual Network Operators (MNVO), 32

380 Index

Near Field Communications (NFC) “out-of-the-box” experience, 5, 9, 14 applications, 220–4 see also simplicity and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 77 competition, see Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) PAN, see Personal Area Network (PAN) with a connection of proximity, 211–12 Personal Area Network (PAN), see also Local Area data exchange format, 236–8, 241 Network (LAN), convergence; Wireless history of, 211 Personal Area Network (WPAN) market, 218–20 and Bluetooth, 19, 21, 283 operating modes, 225 companies that connect to, 32 and RFID radio frequencies, 216 history of, 16, 17, 18, 206, 208 smartcards, 212–13, 218–21 intellegent, 35 technology timeline, 216–18 product development considerations, 5–7 topologies, 225 social media, 358 Near Field Communications (NFC) architecture, typical conﬁguration, 18 226–7, 236–42 Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) see also Logical Link Control Protocol (LLCP); connectivity, 19 Simple NDEF Exchange Protocol (SNEP) personal computers Netgear, 250, 251, 254 and ANT, 195, 196 network management and Ethernet port for Internet, 244–5 Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 328, centric topology, 181 333–6 managing the Home Area Network (HAN), 36–7 ZigBee, 118, 121 not needed in Wireless Home Digital Interface network topologies (WHDI) as source, 328, 329 area network, 15–17 Philips Semiconductors, 213, 214 blurring of through technology convergence, PHY, see Physical Layer (PHY) layers 19–22, 23–31, 40–1 Physical Layer (PHY) layers deﬁnition, 24–6 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate geography of, 21 (BR/EDR), 293–5 most popular, 180 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 79, 80–1, 91 traditional, 23 IEEE, 16, 140 NFC, see Near Field Communications (NFC) Near Field Communications (NFC), 241–2 NFC Forum, 214–16 Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 340, NFC-IP standard, 213 341 Nokia, 67, 68, 206, 214 ZigBee, 21 Nordic Semiconductor 77, 175–6, 178, 179, see also Media Access Control (MAC) layers 191 piconet see also Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) in Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate NWK, see Zigbee Network Layer (NWK) (BR/EDR) system, 291 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 78 Octopus card, 212 point-to-multipoint topology one-network Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate connecting around globe, 23 (BR/EDR), 291 sharing of private network in, 28 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 77 see also Lawnmower Man Effect (LME) Wi-Fi, 255 Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Wi-Fi Direct, 277, 278 and 802.11 standards, 260 Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 331, and ANT, 193, 200 332 and Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate point-to-point topology (BR/EDR), 293 ANT Wireless, 191 and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 79 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate and EnOcean, 156 (BR/EDR), 291 and Internet protocol, 65 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 77, 96 and Near Field Communications (NFC), 226, 227 and EnOcean, 153, 155, 160–2 and Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), Near Field Communications (NFC), 225 340 Wi-Fi, 255 OSI, see Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Wi-Fi Direct, 276

Index 381

Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 331, Service Set Identifier (SSID), 255–6 332 Set-top-box (STB), 8 and ZigBee, 24, 27 see also television protocol Simple NDEF Exchange Protocol (SNEP), 227–31 ARCNET, 16 see also Near Field Communications (NFC) EnOcean Radio Protocol (ERP), 156–60 architecture EnOcean Serial, 160–2 simplicity European Installation Bus, 154 belief that wireless technology provides, 6, 7 IP, 62, 140 idea that consumer will be novice user, 5 Konnex, 154 of wireless needing to match cable technology, Logical Link Control Protocol (LLCP), 232–6 7–8 LonWorks, 154 Smart Acknowledgement protocol, see SmartACK Open Systems Interconnection (OSI), 65, 79, 156, smart agent, see Internet of Things (IoT) 193, 200, 226, 227, 260, 293, 340 smart energy consumer electronics, 105 Service Discovery Protocol (SDP), 293, 313–16 smart objects, see Internet of Things (IoT) Simple NDEF Exchange Protocol (SNEP), smart poster, 221–2 227–31 SmartACK 166–70, 174 SmartACK, 166–70, 174 see also EnOcean TCP/IP, 63–5 smartcards, 212–13, 218–21 Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), 35 smartphone as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) server, 71 radio connectivity dependent, 30 history of, 9–10 as disruptive technology, 27–8 technology development in, 4–5 Near Field Communications (NFC) technology radio bands in, 217, 218, 220–1 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 80 SMP, see Security Manager Protocol (SMP) layer Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM), 54–5, SNEP, see Simple NDEF Exchange Protocol 175, 212, 293–5 (SNEP) RFID, 216 social media Radio Frequency Identification, see RFID and consumer craving for 24 hour internet, 23 record (NFC), 236–41 and Near Field Communications (NFC), 221–2, registration network (WHDI), 332–6 223–4 RFID Personal Area Network (PAN) connection, 358 history of, 10–11 and technology convergence, 29 and Near Field Communications (NFC), 211 use to brand products, 34 radio bands, 212, 216 Sony Corporation, 212–13, 214 and Vehicle Area Network (VAN), 39–40 Specification of the Bluetooth System: Core, 4.0 ZigBee, 21 standard, 67, 77, 279 ring and star topologies, 24, 27 sports equipment, 179 RosettaStone microchip, 223 sports equipment market, 185–7, 189–91 standards satellites, 7 advanced encryption, 94 scatternet (Bluetooth), 78, 291 Bluetooth, 69, 77, 83, 279 SDP, see Service Discovery protocol (SDP) defining technology, 5 security Digital Living Network Alliance (DNLA), 35, 38 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 14 Ethernet, 65 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate IEC, 213, 323 (BR/EDR), 319–21 ISO, 160, 242 Wi-Fi, 6, 7, 14 Linear Pulse-Code Modulation (LPCM) standard, Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 345 323 ZigBee, 138–9 Long Term Evolution (LTE), 30 Security Manager Protocol (SMP) layer, 79, 93, 94, Ultra-wideband standard (UWB), 354 95, 96 WiGig, 355 Service Discovery Protocol (SDP), 293, 313–16 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), 245 see also Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Wireless USB, 355 Rate (BR/EDR) architecture ZigBee, 100, 140

382 Index

star topology star, 77, 109, 111, 153, 155, 191, 291 ANT Wireless, 191 tree, 109, 111, 191, 193 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate (BR/EDR), 291 Ultra-wideband standard (UWB), 354 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 77 Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), 35 EnOcean, 153, 155 USB ZigBee, 109, 111 as industry standard, 353–4 Super Wi-Fi, see IEEE 802.11ac standard Bluetooth, 81 System-on-Chip sensor technology, 191 User Datagram Protocol (UDP), 63

TCP/IP model Vehicle Area Network (VAN), 39–40 and EnOcean, 154 Voice Over IP (VoIP), 62 and Internet, 260–2 Internet of Things (IoT) Architecture, 63–5 WAN, see Wide Area Network (WAN) see also IP protocol WeightlessSIG, 352 technology WHDI, see Wireless Home Digital Interface convergence, 19–20, 21–2 (WHDI) disruptive, 24–31 white goods, 48–9 one-size-fits-all, 40–1, 42 white list, 82 wearable, see Body Area Network (BAN) white space radio technology timeline as disruptive technology, 23 ANT Wireless, 177–9 as future technology, 350, 351–2 Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate and technology convergence, 30 (BR/EDR), 281–3 Wibree, 67, 68 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), 67–9 Wide Area Network (WAN) EnOcean, 148–9 product development considerations, 7 Near Field Communications (NFC), 216–18 typical configuration, 16 Wi-Fi, 248–50, 251 see also Local Area Network (LAN) Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), 324–5 Wi-Fi ZigBee, 102, 103 applications, 252–4, 255 Telecommunication Service Providers (TSP), 32 as disruptive technology, 27–8 telegram, see also EnOcean audio/video streaming, 330 4BS, 171, 173 confusion with Internet, 205 radio, 156–60 delivering high-speed Bluetooth, 305 RPS, 171 eavesdroppers, 14 VLD, 174 hotspots, 244 television market, 4, 250–2 social, 42, 43, 218 protection, 270–2 technology, 36–7, 38 Registrar, 272 Texas Instruments, 40, 41, 69, 176, 251 technology timeline, 248–50, 251 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), 80 topologies, 255–60 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), 63 Wi-Fi Alliance, 243–4, 245–7 tree topology Wi-Fi Direct ANT Wireless, 191, 193 in the business enterprise, 277–8 ZigBee, 109, 111 certification program, 276, 278 trending topic, see Twitter competition, see Bluetooth Basic Rate/Enhanced “troublesome two”, 4 Data Rate (BR/EDR) Twitter, 34, 42 topologies, 276, 277, 278 topology Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) bus, 24, 28 multimedia streaming in, 273 hybrid, 23, 28 power save certification, 275 mesh, 23, 24, 57, 58, 109, 111, 153, 155, 191, 193 quality of service in, 273 point-to-multipoint, 77, 255, 277, 278, 291, 331, transmission techniques for high data rate, 273–5 332 WiGig, 355–6 point-to-point, 24, 27, 77, 153, 155, 160–2, 191, WiMedia Alliance, 354 225, 255, 276, 291, 331, 332 Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) ring and star, 24, 27 application portfolio, 327–30

Index 383

audio and video transmission in, 337–9, 341–5 wireless technology problems competitors, see WiGig; WirelessHD; air transmission interference, 6 WirelessUSB eavesdroppers, 6, 7, 14 market, 325–7 poor consumer experiences with, 4, 13 and multimedia networking, 322 power source needed, 6 and Personal Area Network (PAN) connectivity, Wireless USB, 355 19 wireless utopia, see intelligent PAN security, 345 WirelessHD, 356 technology timeline, 324–5 WirelessUSB, 353–5 topologies, 331–6 WLAN, see Wireless Local Area Network and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), (WLAN) 337 WPAN, see Wireless Personal Area Network Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) (WPAN) architecture WSN, see Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) application layer, 339, 340, 341 Audio/Video Control Layer (AVCL), 340–1 Zeebox (online application), 42, 43 MAC, 340, 341 ZigBee Physical Layer (PHY), 340, 341 competitors, see Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI) device types, 110–11 Consortium, 322, 323–4 and IP stack, 62 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) market, 103–4 and 802.11 standards, 243, 245 as mesh topology, 23 portal integrating with Local Area Network and Personal Area Network (PAN) connectivity, (LAN), 259 19 Wi-Fi as part of, 19, 250–2 security, 138–9 and Wireless Home Digital Interface (WHDI), technology timeline, 102, 103 337 see also Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) ZigBee Alliance, 100, 101–2 classic products, 205, 206 Zigbee Application Layer (APL), 111, 112–17 and PAN connectivity, 18–19, 21, 208 ZigBee Application Support layer (APS), 111, and Wi-Fi analogy, 19–20 121–30 see also Personal Area Network (PAN) ZigBee architecture Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Application Layer (APL), 111, 112–17 ANT Wireless, 179, 195–6 Application Support layer (APS), 111, 121–30 Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) empowering, 69 Device Objects (ZDO), 111, 118–21 energy-efficient techniques, 50–7 Newtork Layer (NWK), 111, 130–8 EnOcean, 146, 150, 151 Service Security Provider (SSP), 111 real-time data stream, 184 Zigbee Device Objects (ZDO), 111, 118–21 wireless technology Zigbee Newtork Layer (NWK), 111, 130–8 cost, 8–9 ZigBee RF4CE specification energy efficiency in, 50–5, 56 and remote control operation, 140–1 and fixed sattelites, 7 topologies, 141–5 history of, 10, 11 ZigBee Service Security Provider (SSP), 111 wireless technology development ZigBee standards audio and video streaming, 250–2 3D Sync, 107 consumers won’t buy if too complex, 4, 5, 7–8 building automation, 106 ICE guidelines, 4–5 health care, 108 multimedia networking, 322–3 home automation, 105 periphery devices not needed in, 6–7 IEEE 802.15.4 standard, 100, 140 small transactional data exchanges, 218 input device, 107 ultra-low power, 179–80 remote control, 106 wireless technology marketing retail services, 108 as creating a solution to a problem, 6–7, 12–13 smart energy, 106 consumer perception of, 4, 6, 8–9, 13–14, 357 telecom services, 107 low hanging fruit, 8–9 ZigBee topologies, 109–10, 111 making new ways to use technlogy, 11–12 Zimmerman, Thomas, 18, 283