DOCSLIB.ORG

University Miadnlms International

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Ecology Of River Otters (Lutra Canadensis) In Marine Coastal Environments Item Type Thesis Authors Home, William Scott Download date 29/09/2021 16:40:53 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/8407 INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image o f the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer o f a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again-beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For illustrations that cannot be satisfactorily reproduced by xerographic means, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and inserted into your xerographic copy. These prints are available upon request from the Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases the best available copy has been filmed. University M iad n lm s International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. 1323063 HOME, WILLIAM SCOTT ECOLOGY OF RIVER OTTERS (LUTRA CANADENSIS) IN MARINE COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA M .S . 1982 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 . Copyright 1984 by HOME, WILLIAM SCOTT All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or pages______ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print_____ 3. Photographs with dark background_____ 4. Illustrations are poor copy______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original copy______ 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of _____page 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages\/ 8. Print exceeds margin requirements_____ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print______ 11. Page(s)___________lacking when materia! received, and not available from schooi or author. 12. Page(s)___________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered__________. Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled pages______ 15. Other_________________________________________________________________ University Microfilms International Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ECOLOGY OF RIVER OTTERS (Lutra canadensis) IN MARINE COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of the University of Alaska in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE by William Scott Home, B. A. Fairbanks, Alaska December, 1982 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ECOLOGY OF RIVER OTTERS (Lutra canadensis) IN MARINE COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS RECOMMENDED: Chairman, Advisory Colmnittee APPROVED: Vice-Chancellor for Research and Advanced Study ADate Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. © 1984 WILLIAM SCOTT HOME All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT Otters or otter-like mammals arose several times from several sources in the evolution of the Carnivora. The probable steps in their adaptation to quatic environments can be traced with examples from the living Mustelidae. Most of the lutrine forms were associated with freshwater habitats, but some of them inhabited the maritime zone, as well. The seals (Phocidae) appear to have arisen from such a form. Other lutromorphic carnivores may have invaded the sea directly, withou previous aquatic adaptation in fresh water. The physical characters of Recent maritime mustelids were compared with those of related forms in inland habitats. The maritime forms tended to be largest and to have paler, coarser pelage than the others, but those were not consistent differences. Feeding and social behaviors were compared in a study of several groups of otters (Lutra canadensis) in lacustrine, marine, and intermediate habitats in southeastern Alaska. Those in the marine habitats were distinguished by much closer intrafamilial relations and more conservative use of space than for the other groups. iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract i n Acknowledgments I. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. Purpose and Circumstances of This Study 1 A. Statement of Purpose 1 B . Methods 4 C. Definitions 11 1.2. The Evolution of Maritime Fissipeds and Mustelids 15 A. Early Marine Lutromorphs 15 B. Potamotherium and Its Legacy 25 C. Lutra and the Lutrinae 38 D. Lutromorphic Mustelines 51 E . Summary 57 1.3. Otters in Maritime Habitats: Review of World Literature 62 1.4. The Special Character of Pelage in Maritime Mustelids 82 II. HABITAT TYPES AND POD RANGES IN THE GLACIER BAY RESERVE 88 11.1. Habitat Types of the Study Areas 88 A. Methods 88 B. General 88 C. Biochronological Zones 113 11.2. The Character of Individual Pod Ranges 121 A. The Question of Territoriality 121 B. Dixon Harbour/Thistle Cove, and the Thistle Pod 125 C. Boussole Bay and the Boussole Pod 134 D. Bartlett Cove and the Barco Pod 142 E. Goose Cove and the Goose Pod 144 F. Features of Pod Ranges 152 r> • t_> luiuum-^vt* 1 iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. III. LUTRINE GASTRONOMY AND NUTRITION 165 111.1. Choice of Prey 165 A. Methods 165 B. Literature 165 C. Comparison with Glacier Bay Studies 181 D. Mollusca 183 E. Crustacea (Malacostraca) 187 F. Echinodermata 195 G. Vertebrata 197 H. Foods Available, and Disdained 208 I. Discussion 209 111.2. Hunting and Fishing Techniques 213 A. Musselling 213 B. Shrimping 214 C. Crabbing 216 D. Urchining 218 E. Fishing 219 F. Ornithivory 221 G. Mammal-hunting 222 H. Scavenging 224 111.3. Eating Activity Sites and Scatology 225 A. Incidental, or Random, Feeding Sites 225 B. Middens 226 C. Altars 227 D. Expanded Surface Sites 229 E. Discussion 232 F. Scatology 234 111.4. Nutritional Observations 237 A. General 237 B. Pink Shrimp 239 C. King Crabs 241 D. Dolly Vardens 242 IV. DAILY ACTIVITIES AND INTERACTIONS 244 IV. 1. Character of Daily Activities 244 v Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. IV.2. Intraspecific Interactions 253 A. Pod Structure 253 B. Reproductive Season 255 C. Litter Sizes 258 D. Population Turnover 260 E. Whole-Pod Interactions 262 F. Adult-Adult Interactions 268 G. Adult-Kit Interactions 270 H. Kit-Kit Interactions 272 IV.3. Vocalisations 273 A. The Aerial Acoustic Environment 273 B. Aerial Sounds 275 C. The Submarine Acoustic Environment 277 D. Submarine Otter Vocalisations 279 IV.4. Substrate-Specific Interactions 282 A. Tree-Scrambling 282 B. Cliff-Climbing 282 C. Ice and Snow Interactions 284 IV.5. Swimming and Diving 285 A. Swimming Habits 285 B. Swimming Distances 286 C. Dive Types 288 D. Dive Depths 289 E. Dive Durations 289 V. INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS 294 V.l. Predation on Otters 294 VI. SUMMARY 298 BIBLIOGRAPHY 308 vi Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. FIGURES 1 Investigator's total itinerary, winter study, 1973-1975 8 2 Phylogenetic chart of lutromorphs and lutrines 20-21 3 Humeri of unnamed fossils from the Pliocene 26-27 4 Distribution of Potamotherium valletoni 29 5 Map of Glacier Bay, indicating study sites 91 6 Map of Bartlett Cove, Glacier Bay 95 7 Map of Upper Muir Inlet, Glacier Bay 97 8 Map of Dixon Harbour/Thistle Cove, Glacier Bay 119 9 Map of Boussole Bay/Astrolabe Bay, Glacier Bay 120 vii Reproduced with permission of the copyright
Recommended publications
  • Download Full Article in PDF Format

    Download Full Article in PDF Format

    A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans Robert W. BOESSENECKER Department of Geology, University of Otago, 360 Leith Walk, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 (New Zealand) and Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University 200 Traphagen Hall, Bozeman, MT, 59715 (USA) and University of California Museum of Paleontology 1101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA, 94720 (USA) [email protected] Boessenecker R. W. 2013. — A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans. Geodiversitas 35 (4): 815-940. http://dx.doi.org/g2013n4a5 ABSTRACT e newly discovered Upper Miocene to Upper Pliocene San Gregorio assem- blage of the Purisima Formation in Central California has yielded a diverse collection of 34 marine vertebrate taxa, including eight sharks, two bony fish, three marine birds (described in a previous study), and 21 marine mammals. Pinnipeds include the walrus Dusignathus sp., cf. D. seftoni, the fur seal Cal- lorhinus sp., cf. C. gilmorei, and indeterminate otariid bones. Baleen whales include dwarf mysticetes (Herpetocetus bramblei Whitmore & Barnes, 2008, Herpetocetus sp.), two right whales (cf. Eubalaena sp. 1, cf. Eubalaena sp. 2), at least three balaenopterids (“Balaenoptera” cortesi “var.” portisi Sacco, 1890, cf. Balaenoptera, Balaenopteridae gen. et sp. indet.) and a new species of rorqual (Balaenoptera bertae n. sp.) that exhibits a number of derived features that place it within the genus Balaenoptera. is new species of Balaenoptera is relatively small (estimated 61 cm bizygomatic width) and exhibits a comparatively nar- row vertex, an obliquely (but precipitously) sloping frontal adjacent to vertex, anteriorly directed and short zygomatic processes, and squamosal creases.
  • From the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming Robert M

    From the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming Robert M

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of 2002 New Amphicyonid Carnivorans (Mammalia, Daphoeninae) from the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming Robert M. Hunt Jr. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Hunt, Robert M. Jr., "New Amphicyonid Carnivorans (Mammalia, Daphoeninae) from the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming" (2002). Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. 546. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub/546 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 3385, 41 pp., 28 ®gures, 4 tables December 27, 2002 New Amphicyonid Carnivorans (Mammalia, Daphoeninae) from the Early Miocene of Southeastern Wyoming ROBERT M. HUNT, JR.1 CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................... 2 Introduction .................................................................... 2 Abbreviations ...............................................................
  • Oldest Mephitine Cranium and Its Implications for the Origin of Skunks

    Oldest Mephitine Cranium and Its Implications for the Origin of Skunks

    Oldest mephitine cranium and its implications for the origin of skunks MIECZYSEAW WOLSAN Wolsan, M. 1999. Oldest mephitine cranium and its implications for the origin of skunks. -Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 44,2,223-230. -- Recent molecular studies have recognized the skunks (Mephitinae) to be the sister taxon of a clade comprising the Procyonidae and Mustelidae. These findings are inconsistent with the traditional placement of the skunks among mustelids, which is based on mor- phological evidence from extant taxa. This paper reports on a well-preserved cranium of a young individual, recovered from the middle Miocene deposits (MN 7+8, about 11-12 Ma) of Steinheim am Albuch, Germany. The fossil is the holotype of Palaeo- mephitis steinheimensis Jager, 1839, which is here recognized as a senior subjective syn- onym of Trochotherium cyamoides Fraas, 1870 (consequently, Palaeomephitis Jager, 1839 is a senior subjective synonym of Trochotherium Fraas, 1870). The specimen is identified as the oldest and most primitive mephitine cranium known to date, approach- ing the primitive morphology for the Mephitinae. It exhibits a combination of mephitine (accessory middle-ear chamber, lateral swelling of the squamosal) and mustelid (mus- telid suprameatal fossa) synapomorphies,corroborating the view that skunks are derived from a mustelid ancestor. Its auditory bulla shows a slightly inflated and relatively large caudal entotympanic, which indicates that the uninflated and relatively small caudal entotympanics of adult mephitines, as well as their hypertrophied ectotympanics, are not primitive (as hitherto assumed) but derived, providing a synapomorphy that supports a sister-group relationship between the Mephitinae and Lutrinae. Key words : Palaeomephitis, Trochotherium,Mephitinae, Mustelidae, Carnivora, phy- logeny, taxonomy, morphology.
  • Mio-Oligocene (Aquitanian) Foraminifera from the Goajira Peninsula, Colombia

    Mio-Oligocene (Aquitanian) Foraminifera from the Goajira Peninsula, Colombia

    CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FOil FOHAMINIFEHAL HESEAHCH SPECIAL PUBLICATION NO.4 MIO-OLIGOCENE (AQUITANIAN) FORAMINIFERA FROM THE GOAJIRA PENINSULA, COLOMBIA BY LEHOY E. BECKEH and A. N. DUSENBURY, Jr. FEBIWAH\ 15. 19;)3 Prke $2.00 postpaid CONTENTS ABSTRACT Il\TRODlJCTION 5 List of Samples 5 Identification. 5 Ackn"wlcdgments 5 ECOLOGY 6 AGE 6 CORREIXfION 6 SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS OF SPECIES 8 BIBLIOGRAPHY 46 ·Pi/uranu '\ ft If (, \\ "\\ J ;/ •~... ~ CA$TILLETES ,," t/'" /J i'f~ MAP SHOWING COLLECTING LOCALITIES GOA.JIRA PENINSULA COLOMBIA o 2 4 8 10 12 I I I , I I ! " Ki Iometers ( 4- 1 MIO-OLIGOCENE (AQUITANIAK) FORAMINIFERA FROM THE GOAJIRA PENINSULA, COLOMBIAI LEROY E. BECKER ANlJ A. N. DUSENBURY, JR. Maracaibo, Venezuela 1 dentiiicatioll Tlw fonuninir"ntl rauna:-; at t'itlHl an;] ~illtlmaHa. Several comprehensive papers on the Tertiarv Fo­ ColomlJi::., have heen tliyidl'd illlo ;I~ genera Hnd 1:-17 I aminif"ra of northern South America and the Carib­ HIH:·cif"~. ~f'\'l'n IH'''W i->lWch-;o arE' (\ps(:ribed. The fon.t1lli­ njft:ral a~sell\llJagE's indicaip a ),llo-ulig"o('E'lH::' (Aquitanian) bean islands have been published recently. The writers ag'e and a Jnat'inp, Ol/f'H-:'W<I f-nvil'onnlPl1t IlptWPPH li)i) and have compared their Goajiran Foraminifera with those :JOt) talholllH in tlf1-pth, CnITt'latioll};, ha~H'(l on FOl'aminif­ appearing in the published literamre dealing primarily era, are :SUgg('sif>(l ht'l\vf'f'1l thf' '\iio-Oli).w('('nf' l,ed:-; or the with the Miocene and Oligocene of the Caribhean area.
  • Qt53v080hx.Pdf

    Qt53v080hx.Pdf

    UC Berkeley PaleoBios Title A new Early Pliocene record of the toothless walrus Valenictus (Carnivora, Odobenidae) from the Purisima Formation of Northern California Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/53v080hx Journal PaleoBios, 34(0) ISSN 0031-0298 Author Boessenecker, Robert W. Publication Date 2017-06-15 DOI 10.5070/P9341035289 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California PaleoBios 34:1-6, June 15, 2017 PaleoBios OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY Boessenecker, Robert W. (2017). A New Early Pliocene Record of the Toothless Walrus Valenictus (Carnivora, Odobenidae) from the Purisima Formation of Northern California. Cover photo: Life restoration of the extinct Pliocene walrus Valenictus and flightless auks (Mancalla) hauled out on the rocky shore of the uplifted Coast Ranges of California (top right); cliff exposures of the Purisima Formation near Santa Cruz, from where Valenictus was collected by Wayne Thompson (left); bivalves, chiefly Clinocardium meekianum, exposed in the Purisima Formation near the locality (bottom). Photo credit and original artwork: Robert W. Boessenecker. Citation: Boessenecker, Robert W. 2017. A New Early Pliocene Record of the Toothless Walrus Valenictus (Carnivora, Odobenidae) from the Puri- sima Formation of Northern California. PaleoBios, 34. ucmp_paleobios_35289 A New Early Pliocene Record of the Toothless Walrus Valenictus (Carnivora, Odobenidae) from the Purisima Formation of Northern California ROBERT W. BOESSENECKER1,2 1Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424; [email protected] 2University of California Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 The walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) is a large tusked molluskivore that inhabits the Arctic and is the sole living member of the family Odobenidae.
  • The Taxonomic and Evolutionary History of Fossil and Modern Balaenopteroid Mysticetes

    The Taxonomic and Evolutionary History of Fossil and Modern Balaenopteroid Mysticetes

    Journal of Mammalian Evolution, Vol. 12, Nos. 1/2, June 2005 (C 2005) DOI: 10.1007/s10914-005-6944-3 The Taxonomic and Evolutionary History of Fossil and Modern Balaenopteroid Mysticetes Thomas A. Demer´ e,´ 1,4 Annalisa Berta,2 and Michael R. McGowen2,3 Balaenopteroids (Balaenopteridae + Eschrichtiidae) are a diverse lineage of living mysticetes, with seven to ten species divided between three genera (Megaptera, Balaenoptera and Eschrichtius). Extant members of the Balaenopteridae (Balaenoptera and Megaptera) are characterized by their engulfment feeding behavior, which is associated with a number of unique cranial, mandibular, and soft anatomical characters. The Eschrichtiidae employ suction feeding, which is associated with arched rostra and short, coarse baleen. The recognition of these and other characters in fossil balaenopteroids, when viewed in a phylogenetic framework, provides a means for assessing the evolutionary history of this clade, including its origin and diversification. The earliest fossil balaenopterids include incomplete crania from the early late Miocene (7–10 Ma) of the North Pacific Ocean Basin. Our preliminary phylogenetic results indicate that the basal taxon, “Megaptera” miocaena should be reassigned to a new genus based on its possession of primitive and derived characters. The late late Miocene (5–7 Ma) balaenopterid record, except for Parabalaenoptera baulinensis and Balaenoptera siberi, is largely undescribed and consists of fossil specimens from the North and South Pacific and North Atlantic Ocean basins. The Pliocene record (2–5 Ma) is very diverse and consists of numerous named, but problematic, taxa from Italy and Belgium, as well as unnamed taxa from the North and South Pacific and eastern North Atlantic Ocean basins.
  • 692 Association Round Table

    692 Association Round Table

    692 Association Round Table Chrons C19r and C20n, based on a 40Ar/39Ar date of 42.8J ± 0.24 Ma in rocks tracers, particularly when taking into account hydrothermal alteration and of normal polarity (contrary to Bottjer et 31., 1991, who correlated it with Chror. mantle metasomatism. Furthermore, Neogene arc systems show reorgan­ C18n based on questionable P13 Zone planktonic foraminifera). These ization in magmatic loci and microplates at time scales comparable to correlations contradict several sequence stratigraphic correlations of these typical uncertainties in absolute age determinations. strata May et al. (1984), May (1985) and May and Warme (1987) correlated the Friars/Stadium contact with nan no zone CP1 5b and foram zone P1 5 (about 36 Ma), but this clearly clearly conflicts with the date on the overlying Mission Critical stratigraphic, structural, and timing relations within the Valley Formation by at least 6 million years. western Sierra Nevada, California, and their bearing on models for origin of the Foothills terrane and the Great Valley basin Magnetic Stratigraphy of the Type Zemorrian Stage (Oligocene), Lower Temblor Formation, Temblor Range, Kern County, California SCHWEICKERT, RICHARD A., Department of Geological Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV RESSEGUIE, JENNIFER L., and DONALD R. PROTHERO, Department of Geology, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA Several models exist for Jurassic-Cretaceous evolution of the western Sierra Nevada, the adjacent Great Valley basin, and the Coast Range ophiolite, Kleinpell (1938) erected the Zemorrian stage based on benthic foraminifera as recently clarified by Dickinson and others (1996). To evaluate the models from the lower Temblor Formation in Zemorra Creek, southern Temblor Range, requires both an examination of critical stratigraphic and structural relations Kern County, California.
  • Supplementary Information

    Supplementary Information

    Supplementary Information Substitution Rate Variation in a Robust Procellariiform Seabird Phylogeny is not Solely Explained by Body Mass, Flight Efficiency, Population Size or Life History Traits Andrea Estandía, R. Terry Chesser, Helen F. James, Max A. Levy, Joan Ferrer Obiol, Vincent Bretagnolle, Jacob González-Solís, Andreanna J. Welch This pdf file includes: Supplementary Information Text Figures S1-S7 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION TEXT Fossil calibrations The fossil record of Procellariiformes is sparse when compared with other bird orders, especially its sister order Sphenisciformes (Ksepka & Clarke 2010, Olson 1985c). There are, however, some fossil Procellariiformes that are both robustly dated and identified and therefore suitable for fossil calibrations. Our justification of these fossils, below, follows best practices described by Parham et al. (2012) where possible. For all calibration points only a minimum age was set with no upper constraint specified, except for the root of the tree. 1. Node between Sphenisciformes/Procellariiformes Minimum age: 60.5 Ma Maximum age: 61.5 Ma Taxon and specimen: Waimanu manneringi (Slack et al. 2006); CM zfa35 (Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand), holotype comprising thoracic vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, pelvis, femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus. Locality: Basal Waipara Greensand, Waipara River, New Zealand. Phylogenetic justification: Waimanu has been resolved as the basal penguin taxon using morphological data (Slack et al. 2006), as well as combined morphological and molecular datasets (Ksepka et al. 2006, Clarke et al. 2007). Morphological and molecular phylogenies agree on the monophyly of Sphenisciformes and Procellariiformes (Livezey & Zusi 2007, Prum et al. 2015). Waimanu manneringi was previously used by Prum et al. (2015) to calibrate Sphenisiciformes, and see Ksepka & Clarke (2015) for a review of the utility of this fossil as a robust calibration point.
  • Appendix G Paleontological Resources Assessment

    Appendix G Paleontological Resources Assessment

    Appendix G Paleontological Resources Assessment Paleontological Resource Assessment for the California Flats Solar Project, Monterey and San Luis Obispo Counties, California Jessica L. DeBusk Prepared By Applied EarthWorks, Inc. 743 Pacific Street, Suite A San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 Prepared For Element Power US, LLC 421 SW Sixth Avenue, Suite 1000 Portland, OR 97204 April 2013 draft SUMMARY OF FINDINGS At the request of Element Power US, LLC, parent company of California Flats Solar, LLC (the Applicant), Applied EarthWorks Inc. (Æ) performed a paleontological resource assessment for the California Flats Solar Project (Project) located southeast of Parkfield in Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties, California. The study consisted of a museum records search, a comprehensive literature and geologic map review, and a field survey. This report summarizes the methods and results of the paleontological resource assessment and provides Project-specific management recommendations. This assessment included a comprehensive review of published and unpublished literature and museum collections records maintained by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (LACM) and the University of California Museum of Paleontology (UCMP). The purpose of the literature review and museum records search was to identify the geologic units underlying the Project area and to determine whether or not previously recorded paleontological localities occur either within the Project boundaries or within the same geologic units elsewhere. The museum records search was followed by a field survey. The purpose of the field survey was to visually inspect the ground surface for exposed fossils and to evaluate geologic exposures for their potential to contain preserved fossil material at the subsurface.
  • Formation, Central Chile, South America

    Formation, Central Chile, South America

    Cainozoic Research, 3-18, 2006 4(1-2), pp. February An Early Miocene elasmobranch fauna from the Navidad Formation, Central Chile, South America ³* Mario+E. Suarez Alfonso Encinas² & David Ward ¹, 'Museo Paleontoldgico de Caldera, Cousino, 695, Caldera, Atacama, Chile, [email protected] 2 Departamento de Geologia. Universidad de Chile, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago Chile. [email protected] J David J. Kent ME4 4AW UK. Ward, School of Earth Sciences, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Address for correspon- dence: Crofton Court, 81 Crofton Lane, Orpington, Kent BR5 1HB, UK. E-mail: [email protected]. [* corresponding author] Received 5 March 2003; revised version accepted 12 January 2005 A rich elasmobranch assemblage is reported from the Early Neogenemarine sediments ofthe lower member of the NavidadFormation, Central Chile. The fauna comprise Squalus sp., Pristiophorus sp., Heterodontus sp., Megascyliorhinus trelewensis. Carcharias cuspi- data, Isurus hastalis, Carcharoides and Cal- Odontaspisferox, oxyirinchus,Isurus hastalis, Cosmopolitodus totuserratus, Myliobatis sp. for the the Miocene The of lorhinchus sp., all ofwhich are reported first time in Early ofChile. presence Carcharoides totuserratus sup- the Miocene for the lower ofthe basal Navidad Formation. The Chilean fossil elasmobranch fauna is ports Early age part representedby deep water and shallow water taxa, which probably were mixed in a submarine fan. Certain taxa suggest warm-temperate waters. The Early Miocene fauna from the Navidad Formation show affinities with other faunas previously reported from the Late Paleogene and Neogene of Argentina and New Zealand. Se describe rica asociacion de fosiles veniente de los sedimentos marines del Inferior de la Formación una elasmobranquios pro Neogeno central.
  • The North Pacific Miocene Record of Mytilus (Plicatomytilus), a New Subgenus of Bivalvia

    The North Pacific Miocene Record of Mytilus (Plicatomytilus), a New Subgenus of Bivalvia

    The North Pacific Miocene Record of Mytilus (Plicatomytilus), a New Subgenus of Bivalvia By RICHARD C. ALLISON and WARREN 0. ADDICOTT GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 962 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1976 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR THOMAS S. KLEPPE, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Allison, Richard C 1935- The North Pacific Miocene record of Mytilus (Plicatomytilus), a new subgenus of Bivalvia. (Geological Survey professional paper; 962) Bibliography: p. Includes index. Supt. of Doc. no.: 119.16:962 1. Mytilus, Fossil. 2. Paleontology--Miocene. 3. Paleontology--North Pacific region. I. Addicott, Warren O., joint author. 11. Title. 111. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional paper; 962. QE812.M94A38 564.11 76-608013 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 024-001-02764-0 CONTENTS Page Abstract __--________--------------------------------1 Introduction -_________--______----~------------------1 . Family Mytll~dae 2 Subfamily Mytilinae ______--________----_--------___----__2 GenusMytilus Linne', 1758 ____-___________----------------_---- 2 Subgenus Plicatomytilus Allison and Addicott, n. subgen. ____-____-----------2 Mytilus (Plicatomytilus middendorffi Grewingk, 1850 _________----_------ 3 Mytilus (Plicatomytilus) gratacapi n. sp. __~_________~________----------- 9 Mytilus (Plicatomytilus)n. sp. _-_________________---------------------- 13 Locality register _-__-_-----___------____--_-------_-15 References cited ______----____-------_------------19 Index ___-_______~__~____----------------~------_21 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates follow index] PLATE 1. Mytilus (Plicatomytilus) middendorffi. 2. Mytilus (Plicatomytilus)gratacapi and Mytilus (Plicatomytilus) n. sp. 3. Mytilus (Plicatomytilus) gmtacapi, Mytilus (Plicatomytilus) middendorffi, Mytilus (subgenus?)n. sp., and Mytilus (Mytilus) condoni.
  • Agate Fossil Beds National Monument Geologic Resources Inventory Report

    Agate Fossil Beds National Monument Geologic Resources Inventory Report

    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Agate Fossil Beds National Monument Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2009/080 THIS PAGE: Fossil diorama at Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, an omnivorous entelodont (Daeodon or Dinohyus) stands over a chalicothere (Moropus), Agate Fossil Beds NM. ON THE COVER: University Hill on the left and Carnegie Hill on the right, site of the main fossil excavations, Agate Fossil Beds NM. NPS Photos. Agate Fossil Beds National Monument Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2009/080 Geologic Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center P.O. Box 25287 Denver, Colorado 80225 March 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Denver, Colorado The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. Natural Resource Reports are the designated medium for disseminating high priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. Examples of the diverse array of reports published in this series include vital signs monitoring plans; "how to" resource management papers; proceedings of resource management workshops or conferences; annual reports of resource programs or divisions of the Natural Resource Program Center; resource action plans; fact sheets; and regularly-published newsletters.