Anne Boleyn: Whore Or Martyr?
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'All Wemen in Thar Degree Shuld to Thar Men Subiectit Be': the Controversial Court Career of Elisabeth Parr, Marchioness Of
‘All wemen in thar degree shuld to thar men subiectit be’: The controversial court career of Elisabeth Parr, marchioness of Northampton, c. 1547-1565 Helen Joanne Graham-Matheson, BA, MA. Thesis submitted to UCL for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 Declaration I, Helen Joanne Graham-Matheson confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 Abstract This thesis reconstructs and analyses the life and agency of Elisabeth Parr, marchioness of Northampton (1526-1565), with the aim of increasing understanding of women’s networks of influence and political engagement at the mid-Tudor courts, c. 1547- 1565. Analysis of Elisabeth’s life highlights that in the absence of a Queen consort the noblewomen of the Edwardian court maintained and utilized access to those in power and those with political significance and authority. During the reign of Mary Tudor, Elisabeth worked with her natal family to undermine Mary’s Queenship and support Elizabeth Tudor, particularly by providing her with foreign intelligence. At the Elizabethan court Elisabeth regained her title (lost under Mary I) and occupied a position as one of the Queen’s most trusted confidantes and influential associates. Her agency merited attention from ambassadors and noblemen as well as from the Emperor Maximilian and King Erik of Sweden, due to the significant role she played in several major contemporary events, such as Elizabeth’s early marriage negotiations. This research is interdisciplinary, incorporating early modern social, political and cultural historiographies, gender studies, social anthropology, sociology and the study of early modern literature. -
Bring up the Bodies
BRING UP THE BODIES BY HILARY MANTEL ADAPTED FOR THE STAGE BY MIKE POULTON DRAMATISTS PLAY SERVICE INC. BRING UP THE BODIES Copyright © 2016, Mike Poulton and Tertius Enterprises Ltd Copyright © 2014, Mike Poulton and Tertius Enterprises Ltd Bring Up the Bodies Copyright © 2012, Tertius Enterprises Ltd All Rights Reserved CAUTION: Professionals and amateurs are hereby warned that performance of BRING UP THE BODIES is subject to payment of a royalty. It is fully protected under the copyright laws of the United States of America, and of all countries covered by the International Copyright Union (including the Dominion of Canada and the rest of the British Commonwealth), and of all countries covered by the Pan-American Copyright Convention, the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention, and of all countries with which the United States has reciprocal copyright relations. All rights, including without limitation professional/amateur stage rights, motion picture, recitation, lecturing, public reading, radio broadcasting, television, video or sound recording, all other forms of mechanical, electronic and digital reproduction, transmission and distribution, such as CD, DVD, the Internet, private and file-sharing networks, information storage and retrieval systems, photocopying, and the rights of translation into foreign languages are strictly reserved. Particular emphasis is placed upon the matter of readings, permission for which must be secured from the Author’s agent in writing. The English language stock and amateur stage performance rights in the United States, its territories, possessions and Canada for BRING UP THE BODIES are controlled exclusively by DRAMATISTS PLAY SERVICE, INC., 440 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016. -
The Six Wives of King Henry Viii
THE SIX WIVES OF KING HENRY VIII Divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived! Ready for a trip back in time? Here at Nat Geo Kids, we’re travelling back to Tudor England in our Henry VIII wives feature. Hold onto your hats – and your heads! Henry VIII wives… 1. Catherine of Aragon Henry VIII’s first wife was Catherine of Aragon, daughter of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain. Eight years before her marriage to Henry in 1509, Catherine was in fact married to Henry’s older brother, Arthur, who died of sickness at just 15 years old. Together, Henry and Catherine had a daughter, Mary – but it was a son that Henry wanted. Frustrated that Catherine seemed unable to produce a male heir to the throne, Henry had their marriage annulled (cancelled) in 1533. But there’s more to the story – towards the end of their marriage, Henry fell in love with one of Catherine’s ladies-in-waiting (woman who assisted the queen) – Anne Boleyn… 2. Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn became Henry’s second wife after the pair married secretly in January 1533. By this time, Anne was pregnant with her first child to Henry, and by June 1533 she was crowned Queen of England. Together they had a daughter, Elizabeth – the future Queen Elizabeth I. But, still, it was a son – and future king of England – that Henry wanted. Frustrated, he believed his marriage was cursed and that Anne was to blame. And so, he turned his affections to one of Anne’s ladies-in-waiting, Jane Seymour. -
John Leland's Itinerary in Wales Edited by Lucy Toulmin Smith 1906
Introduction and cutteth them out of libraries, returning home and putting them abroad as monuments of their own country’. He was unsuccessful, but nevertheless managed to John Leland save much material from St. Augustine’s Abbey at Canterbury. The English antiquary John Leland or Leyland, sometimes referred to as ‘Junior’ to In 1545, after the completion of his tour, he presented an account of his distinguish him from an elder brother also named John, was born in London about achievements and future plans to the King, in the form of an address entitled ‘A New 1506, probably into a Lancashire family.1 He was educated at St. Paul’s school under Year’s Gift’. These included a projected Topography of England, a fifty volume work the noted scholar William Lily, where he enjoyed the patronage of a certain Thomas on the Antiquities and Civil History of Britain, a six volume Survey of the islands Myles. From there he proceeded to Christ’s College, Cambridge where he graduated adjoining Britain (including the Isle of Wight, the Isle of Man and Anglesey) and an B.A. in 1522. Afterwards he studied at All Souls, Oxford, where he met Thomas Caius, engraved map of Britain. He also proposed to publish a full description of all Henry’s and at Paris under Francis Sylvius. Royal Palaces. After entering Holy Orders in 1525, he became tutor to the son of Thomas Howard, Sadly, little or none of this materialised and Leland appears to have dissipated Duke of Norfolk. While so employed, he wrote much elegant Latin poetry in praise of much effort in seeking church advancement and in literary disputes such as that with the Royal Court which may have gained him favour with Henry VIII, for he was Richard Croke, who he claimed had slandered him. -
George Etheridge, Wyatt's Conspiracy
George Etheridge, Wyatt’s Conspiracy (1557) Homeric Pastiche in Marian England 1. Introduction In Eton College Library resides a curious manuscript poem in Greek hexameters, composed for Queen Mary I (1516–58) by George Etheridge (1519–88), Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford. Completed in 1557, Etheridge’s poem, entitled Συνωμοσία Οὐέτου (hereafter Wyatt’s Conspiracy), survives uniquely in this neglected manuscript: it was never printed, has never been edited, and gives no indication of ever being read.1 Comprising a Latin prose preface and 369 lines of Greek hexameter, Etheridge’s text celebrates the quashing of Sir Thomas Wyatt the Younger’s Rebellion by Mary’s forces in the early months of 1554, reinscribes Etheridge’s allegiance to his royal patron (Mary), and parades his prodigious skill in Greek verse composition in the style of Homer. The poem, reconstructing the rebellion’s brief but climacteric engagements through a series of pseudo-epic set-pieces and imagined speeches, asserts Etheridge’s staunch Catholicism and reaffirms the legitimacy of Mary’s reign against heretical pretenders. It is remarkable not only as an overtly literary treatment of chronicle history sub specie Homeri, but also as a record of the synthetic processes that informed poetic Original orthography of early modern English texts has been lightly modernised: u/v and i/j distinctions are silently normalised, and English scribal contractions are expanded and reproduced as italics. All translations of Latin and Greek are mine, unless otherwise indicated. 1 George Etheridge, Συνωμοσία Οὐέτου [Wyatt’s Conspiracy], Windsor, Eton College Library, MS 148, fols 1r– 38r. -
The Height of Its Womanhood': Women and Genderin Welsh Nationalism, 1847-1945
'The height of its womanhood': Women and genderin Welsh nationalism, 1847-1945 Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Kreider, Jodie Alysa Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 09/10/2021 04:59:55 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280621 'THE HEIGHT OF ITS WOMANHOOD': WOMEN AND GENDER IN WELSH NATIONALISM, 1847-1945 by Jodie Alysa Kreider Copyright © Jodie Alysa Kreider 2004 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY In Partia' Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2004 UMI Number: 3145085 Copyright 2004 by Kreider, Jodie Alysa All rights reserved. INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI Microform 3145085 Copyright 2004 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. -
The Case of Michael Du Val's the Spanish English Rose
SEDERI Yearbook ISSN: 1135-7789 [email protected] Spanish and Portuguese Society for English Renaissance Studies España Álvarez Recio, Leticia Pro-match literature and royal supremacy: The case of Michael Du Val’s The Spanish English Rose (1622) SEDERI Yearbook, núm. 22, 2012, pp. 7-27 Spanish and Portuguese Society for English Renaissance Studies Valladolid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=333528766001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Pro-match literature and royal supremacy: The case of Michael Du Val’s The Spanish English Rose (1622) Leticia Álvarez Recio Universidad de Sevilla ABSTRACT In the years 1622-1623, at the climax of the negotiations for the Spanish-Match, King James enforced censorship on any works critical of his diplomatic policy and promoted the publication of texts that sided with his views on international relations, even though such writings may have sometimes gone beyond the propagandistic aims expected by the monarch. This is the case of Michael Du Val’s The Spanish-English Rose (1622), a political tract elaborated within court circles to promote the Anglo-Spanish alliance. This article analyzes its role in producing an alternative to the religious and imperial discourse inherited from the Elizabethan age. It also considers the intertextual relations between Du Val’s tract and other contemporary works in order to determine its part within the discursive network of the Anglican faith and political absolutism. -
Anna Bolena Opera by Gaetano Donizetti
ANNA BOLENA OPERA BY GAETANO DONIZETTI Presentation by George Kurti Plohn Anna Bolena, an opera in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti, is recounting the tragedy of Anne Boleyn, the second wife of England's King Henry VIII. Along with Gioachino Rossini and Vincenzo Bellini, Donizetti was a leading composer of the bel canto opera style, meaning beauty and evenness of tone, legato phrasing, and skill in executing highly florid passages, prevalent during the first half of the nineteenth century. He was born in 1797 and died in 1848, at only 51 years of age, of syphilis for which he was institutionalized at the end of his life. Over the course of is short career, Donizetti was able to compose 70 operas. Anna Bolena is the second of four operas by Donizetti dealing with the Tudor period in English history, followed by Maria Stuarda (named for Mary, Queen of Scots), and Roberto Devereux (named for a putative lover of Queen Elizabeth I of England). The leading female characters of these three operas are often referred to as "the Three Donizetti Queens." Anna Bolena premiered in 1830 in Milan, to overwhelming success so much so that from then on, Donizetti's teacher addressed his former pupil as Maestro. The opera got a new impetus later at La Scala in 1957, thanks to a spectacular performance by 1 Maria Callas in the title role. Since then, it has been heard frequently, attracting such superstar sopranos as Joan Sutherland, Beverly Sills and Montserrat Caballe. Anna Bolena is based on the historical episode of the fall from favor and death of England’s Queen Anne Boleyn, second wife of Henry VIII. -
Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn's Femininity Brought Her Power and Death
John Carroll University Carroll Collected Senior Honors Projects Theses, Essays, and Senior Honors Projects Spring 2018 Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn’s Femininity Brought her Power and Death Rebecca Ries-Roncalli John Carroll University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://collected.jcu.edu/honorspapers Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation Ries-Roncalli, Rebecca, "Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn’s Femininity Brought her Power and Death" (2018). Senior Honors Projects. 111. https://collected.jcu.edu/honorspapers/111 This Honors Paper/Project is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Essays, and Senior Honors Projects at Carroll Collected. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Honors Projects by an authorized administrator of Carroll Collected. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Patriarchal Dynamics in Politics: How Anne Boleyn’s Femininity Brought her Power and Death Rebecca Ries-Roncalli Senior Honors Project May 2, 2018 Ries-Roncalli 1 I. Adding Dimension to an Elusive Character The figure of Anne Boleyn is one that looms large in history, controversial in her time and today. The second wife of King Henry VIII, she is most well-known for precipitating his break with the Catholic Church in order to marry her. Despite the tremendous efforts King Henry went to in order to marry Anne, a mere three years into their marriage, he sentenced her to death and immediately married another woman. Popular representations of her continue to exist, though most Anne Boleyns in modern depictions are figments of a cultural imagination.1 What is most telling about the way Anne is seen is not that there are so many opinions, but that throughout over 400 years of study, she remains an elusive character to pin down. -
Anne of Cleves
Anne of Cleves Anne of Cleves was Henry VIII’s fourth wife and Queen of England for six months in 1540. Early Life Anne was born in 1515 in Düsseldorf in the Holy Roman Empire, in what is now Germany. She was the second daughter of John III, Duke of Cleves, and his wife, Maria. She had two sisters, Sibylle and Amalia, and a brother, William. While not very well educated, Anne was skilled at needlework and enjoyed playing card games. She could read and write but only in her native German. Marriage to Henry VIII After the death of Henry VIII’s third Despite this, Henry and Anne were wife in 1537, Henry’s advisors began married on 6th January 1540 at the asking him to consider marrying again. Palace of Placentia in London. His chief minister, Thomas Cromwell, The marriage was not a happy one suggested Henry consider marrying a from the start, with Henry saying to lady from Cleves, a growing power in Cromwell the day after their wedding, Europe. He suggested either Anne or ‘I liked her before not well, but now I her younger sister, Amalia. In order like her much worse.’ Despite Henry’s to persuade Henry, the artist Hans dislike of Anne, she always praised Holbein the Younger was sent to their him as a kind husband to those she home to paint portraits of both ladies. spoke with. Henry found Anne’s portrait to be pleasing and gave permission for a marriage contract to be drawn up. Henry first met Anne in person privately on New Year’s Day 1540 at Rochester Abbey. -
King Henry VIII Proof That God Uses Evil for Good
King Henry VIII Proof that God Uses Evil for Good When we think of King Henry VIII, we usually don’t think of a Christian man on the front lines fighting for the Reformation. Instead many think the exact opposite, of an evil man full of pride willing to do anything to fulfill his selfish desires. King Henry VIII is a vivid example of God’s ability to take man’s evil nature and provide good for His Church. Studying the history of the English Reformation and King Henry VIII is as much political and social as it is religious. It is necessary to unpack England’s royalty and its social, and religious policies in order to grasp why and how England turned away from the Catholic Church and became the Church of England with strong Reformation theology. Several characters took part in this stage in history, the most prominent being King Henry himself. At the age of 18, Henry became King of England, upon the death of this father, King Henry VII. We must examine some of the political plot at this time. Henry’s brother, Arthur, was first in line for the throne and had been politically joined in marriage with Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain. However, Arthur died unexpectedly prior to his father. Upon Arthur’s death, King Henry VII agreed to a pre-arranged marriage with young Henry and Catherine, the widow of Arthur. The stage was now set for the first request to the Papacy in Rome. The Papacy nullifies the law of Leviticus 20:21 and gives permission for Henry and Catherine to marry. -
The Love Letters of Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn Sources of the Love That Changed England Forever
Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Scienze del Linguaggio [LM5-08] Tesi di Laurea The Love Letters of Henry VIII to Anne Boleyn Sources of the Love that changed England Forever Relatore Prof.ssa Marina Buzzoni Correlatore Prof. Marco Infurna Laureando Susi Bellinello Matricola 829025 Anno Accademico 2016 / 2017 Ai miei genitori: senza di loro tutto ciò non sarebbe stato possibile. A Denis, che continua ad essere il raggio di sole che in mezzo alla pioggia crea l’arcobaleno. A Valentina che, nonostante la distanza, mi è sempre stata vicina. A tutti quelli che non hanno mai creduto che questo giorno arrivasse. Questa è la mia vittoria. 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER I: HENRY AND ANNE: THE MOST HAPPY LOVE STORY THAT CHANGED HISTORY ............................................................................................................................... 12 I.1 Anne Boleyn: the woman who bewitched the heart of Henry VIII .............................. 12 I.1.2 Return to the English Court .................................................................................... 14 I.2 1527 - 1528: The Love Letters and the Great Matter .................................................... 17 I.3 1529: Two Queens for a Throne ................................................................................... 21 I.4 1530: Ainsi Sera, Groigne qui Groigne ........................................................................ 23 I.5