DOCSLIB.ORG

Major Themes and Imagery in Sarogini Naidu's Poetry

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Major Themes and Imagery in Sarogini Naidu's Poetry MAJOR THEMES AND IMAGERY IN SAROGINI NAIDU'S POETRY ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF JBottor of $I)iIos(opIip IN ENGLISH BY SYED AMIN ASHRAF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 1993 ABSTRACT Sarojini Naidu, 'The Nightingle of India', has occupied a unique position in Indian English poetry. Her poetic talent flourished in Western surroundings but she Was never an imitator. Endowed with keen poetic sensibility and extra-ordinary perception, she felt the phenomenon of human life around her, sir Aurbindo remarks, "She springs from the very soil of India, her spirit, although it employs the English Language in its vehicle, has not other tie with the west", Sarojini Naidu was blessed with 'bird like quality* but her songs are not only lyrical but also evocative. She contemplated life in its varied condi­ tions and situations. She observed folk life and the fascinating natural phenomenon. She thought of man's longing for love, and his everlasting ignorance about - 2 - the mystery of life and death. These aspects were viewed in the Eastern light but their expression has an ever­ lasting beauty of its ovm, Glasgow Harold observedx- "The pictures are of the East, it is true, but there is something fundamentally human in them that seems to prove that best songs know nothing of East or West." Sarojini Naidu in her songs tried to express her emotional tensions, but the imagery which she employed was striking and thus paved a new path in Indian English tradition of poetry. She skilfully adopted specific imagery suited to her theme, purpose, mood and situation, Sarojini Naidu*s compass as a poetess is very wide and no specific theme can be traced out in her poems. Her poetic fervour underwent a drastic change with the changing political, social and emotional - 3 - conditions. Variations in her ethos resulted in variety of themes. Golden Threshold primarily contains the poems which reveal the picture of Indian Polk life. Alongwith the treatment folk life, she also reveals interest in natural sights and scenery Beautiful word pictures are painted here. The Bird of Time is a collection of poems in which she contemplates about life and death. Broken Wing is a collection of her miscellaneous poems. In it 'Tei^ple' trilogy of love poems, is her major contribution to Indian English poetry. Feather of Dawn. The poems in this collection are remarkable for patriotism and her love for child. In this Way Sarojini Naldu*s range of themes is very wide. Her treatment of different themes is original, profound, sensitive and varied. - 4 - Sarojini Naidu keenly observed, felt and responsed to various human emotions, patterns of behaviour, condi­ tions of society and beauty of nature. Thus the major themes in her poems are nature. Love, Life and Death, Indian Polk life, and patriotism. These themes in her poetry have been evaluated under the following chapter- wise scheme: Cliapter I : Her Times, Life and Works Chapter II : Oriental and Indian Ethos in Saroj ini * s Poetry. Chapter III : Patriotic Fervour Chapter IV : Poetry of Nature Chapter V : Theme of Love, Life and Death Chapter VI : Imagery and Art MUCM THEMES AMI NMOERY IN SMMMHH HMMTS METHY YMBSIS SUtMITTEO 90^ THE AWAKO 0^ THC DEOMS OF •V SYBD AMIM ASHRAP DEPARTMCNT OP CNOLISH ALIGAItH MUSt-IM UNIVERSITY AU<»ARH (INDIA) 1993 T4253 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT All through my teaching career I was beset with the idea of pursuing research in an area which could be both inspiring and original. It was almost near the time of my superannuation from active service that the desire could materialise. My revered teacher. Professor A.A. Ansarl advised me to work on Wordsworth'^ . Preface to Lyrical Ballads^ Professor K.K. Sharma of the university of Allahabad suggested different topics on Romantics, especially, on Wordsworth and Keats. I had not yet made up my mind when after sometime my teacher Professor Masoodul Hasan advised me to read Anglo-Indian poetry and find out a topic for myself in this area. Credit goes to Prof. Hasan for introducing Anglo-Indian literature in the Department of English. It was just during an informal chat that my friend Dr. R.K. Agarwal, Head, Department of English, Bagla College, Hathras, asked me to read Sarojini Naidu. I read the poetess with avidity and absorbing interest. I felt great fascination for the poems, Indian weavers, to a Budha seated on a Lotus, Ecstasy and the (^een's Jsival. A study of these poems motivated me to go through all her poems with zest and verve. I found them varied in nature:religious, mystic, romantic and patriotic. The imagery permeating her work struck me a lot. Consequently I decided to work on the Major themes and Imagery of Mrs, S..Naidu's poetry which I was able to complete after superannuation. I am thankful to my friend Professor Farhatullah Khan for encouraging me and full of admiration for his erudite scholarship. He rendered me valuable help in giving me time for discussing about certain parts of my thesis. I have no words to express my sense of gratitude to my senior colleague and friend Prof. H.C. Raizada who allowed me to use his personal library, gave me Mrs. Naidu's collection as gifts, borrowed books for me from different persons and places, went through my thesis word to word and suggested valuable modifications. Thanks are also due to Mr. Mohd. Owais Khan who was nice enough to get the thesis typed for me and if there are certain errors in spelling here and there they should be construed to be the personal contribution of the typist to my thesis. [ SYED AMIN ASHRAF ] CONTENTS Page No. PREFACE i-iii CHAPTER I : HER TIMES, LIFE AND WORKS 1-92 CHAPTER II : ORIENTAL AND INDIAN ETHOS IN SAROJINI'S POETRY 93-155 CHAPTER III : PATRIOTIC FERVOUR 156-195 CHAPTER IV POETRY OF NATURE 196-243 CHAPTER V : THEME OF LOVE, LIFE AND DEATH 244-290 CHAPTER VI : IMAGERY AND ART 291-342 A SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 343-353 «v ^v PREFACE The change in literary fashions and critical attitudes leads to the debunking of the great writers of the preceding age. It is therefore not surprising that the new aesthetics which evolved in the wake of Hulme- Pound-Eliot school of modern poetry, depedestalized many literary demi-gods who were looked upon with awe and inviolable reverence by the earlier generation. The great Indian English poets like Toru Dutt, Manmohan Ghosh, Aurobindo Ghoshe, Harindranath Chattopadhyaya were all condemned as "colonialites" and criticized for "their outsize reputations". Sarojini Naidu, "the gifted poetess," the Nightingale of India of yester years, on whom Arthur Symons and Edmund Gosse showered unreserved admiration and about whom that "profound judge of life and literature", Sri Aurobindo, said that she had "qualities which make her best work exquisite, unique and unchallenged in its own kind", had also to face this literary heresy. She was relegated to mediocrity because her poetry abounded in subjectivity, exotic imagination and profound emotional rapture to the detriment of objectivity, wit, irony and arid intellectualism, the qualities which were considered the real hall mark of a great and the "whirligig of literary taste is about to come ii full circle", the old poets are once again emerging in their real stature and being judged in proper perspective. Sarojini Naidu is once again being praised for her unique creative and lyrical qualities and for opening a window into the real life and spirit of India. Sarojini Naidu's delight in life is reflected in the beautiful pictures she has drawn in her poems of the myriad — dimensional pageants of Indian life, its scenes of nature, and its religious and cultural ethos. Born in a Bengali Brahmin family of the Muslim state of Hyderabad, she was nourished on the best in the cultural traditions of the Hindu and the Islamic religions and life. Her keen perception and minute observation of life around her awakened in her love for Indian life in its varied conditions and situations. Her natural oriental spirit made her brood over the problems of love, life and death. With such profound and rich experience of life springing from the very soil of India, she wove her memorable lyrics of joy and beauty. The pictures drawn by her thus cover the wide range of Indian life and its cultural ethos. Though there have appeared many biographical and critical studies of Sarojini Naidu's life and poetry, no attempt has so far been made to highlight in details the rich material of subject matter treated by her through iii the varied themes of her poetry. Most of the studies are of general nature and deal with her colourful life and interpret her lyrical qualities and artistic use of diction and verse form. The purpose of this study is to give an indepth analysis of the major themes in Sarojini Naidu's poetry and correlate them with the rich, evocative and functional imagery used by her to convey her vision of life adequately and effectively. CHAPTER -ONE Her Times, Life and Works Introduction: Men generally raise their eyebrows at women taking to creative writing as their chief concern in life. In reply to one of the letters of young Charlotte Byonte• Robert Southey advised her not to take to literatvare for the frequent indulgence in imaginative work was likely to interfere with her domestic duties and responsibilities. He wrote: "The day dreams in v^7hich you habitually indulge are likely to induce a distempered state of mind; and in proportion as all the ordinary uses of the world seem to you flat, and unprofitable you will be unfitted for them without becoming fitted for anything else.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Complete List of Books in Library Acc No Author Title of Book Subject Publisher Year R.No
    Complete List of Books in Library Acc No Author Title of book Subject Publisher Year R.No. 1 Satkari Mookerjee The Jaina Philosophy of PHIL Bharat Jaina Parisat 8/A1 Non-Absolutism 3 Swami Nikilananda Ramakrishna PER/BIO Rider & Co. 17/B2 4 Selwyn Gurney Champion Readings From World ECO `Watts & Co., London 14/B2 & Dorothy Short Religion 6 Bhupendra Datta Swami Vivekananda PER/BIO Nababharat Pub., 17/A3 Calcutta 7 H.D. Lewis The Principal Upanisads PHIL George Allen & Unwin 8/A1 14 Jawaherlal Nehru Buddhist Texts PHIL Bruno Cassirer 8/A1 15 Bhagwat Saran Women In Rgveda PHIL Nada Kishore & Bros., 8/A1 Benares. 15 Bhagwat Saran Upadhya Women in Rgveda LIT 9/B1 16 A.P. Karmarkar The Religions of India PHIL Mira Publishing Lonavla 8/A1 House 17 Shri Krishna Menon Atma-Darshan PHIL Sri Vidya Samiti 8/A1 Atmananda 20 Henri de Lubac S.J. Aspects of Budhism PHIL sheed & ward 8/A1 21 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad Bhagabatam PHIL Dhirendra Nath Bose 8/A2 22 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam VolI 23 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam Vo.l III 24 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad Bhagabatam PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 25 J.M. Sanyal The Shrimad PHIL Oriental Pub. 8/A2 Bhagabatam Vol.V 26 Mahadev Desai The Gospel of Selfless G/REL Navijvan Press 14/B2 Action 28 Shankar Shankar's Children Art FIC/NOV Yamuna Shankar 2/A2 Number Volume 28 29 Nil The Adyar Library Bulletin LIT The Adyar Library and 9/B2 Research Centre 30 Fraser & Edwards Life And Teaching of PER/BIO Christian Literature 17/A3 Tukaram Society for India 40 Monier Williams Hinduism PHIL Susil Gupta (India) Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Gandhi and Mani Bhavan
    73 Gandhi and Mani Bhavan Sandhya Mehta Volume 1 : Issue 07, November 2020 1 : Issue 07, November Volume Independent Researcher, Social Media Coordinator of Mani Bhavan, Mumbai, [email protected] Sambhāṣaṇ 74 Abstract: This narrative attempts to give a brief description of Gandhiji’s association with Mani Bhavan from 1917 to 1934. Mani Bhavan was the nerve centre in the city of Bombay (now Mumbai) for Gandhiji’s activities and movements. It was from here that Gandhiji launched the first nationwide satyagraha of Rowlett Act, started Khilafat and Non-operation movements. Today it stands as a memorial to Gandhiji’s life and teachings. _______ The most distinguished address in a quiet locality of Gamdevi in Mumbai is the historic building, Mani Bhavan - the house where Gandhiji stayed whenever he was in Mumbai from 1917 to 1934. Mani Bhavan belonged to Gandhiji’s friend Revashankar Jhaveri who was a jeweller by profession and elder brother of Dr Pranjivandas Mehta - Gandhiji’s friend from his student days in England. Gandhiji and Revashankarbhai shared the ideology of non-violence, truth and satyagraha and this was the bond of their empathetic friendship. Gandhiji respected Revashankarbhai as his elder brother as a result the latter was ever too happy to Volume 1 : Issue 07, November 2020 1 : Issue 07, November Volume host him at his house. I will be mentioning Mumbai as Bombay in my text as the city was then known. Sambhāṣaṇ Sambhāṣaṇ Volume 1 : Issue 07, November 2020 75 Mani Bhavan was converted into a Gandhi museum in 1955. Dr Rajendra Prasad, then The President of India did the honours of inaugurating the museum.
    [Show full text]
  • Borgo of the Holy Ghost
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Swenson Poetry Award Winners USU Press 2001 Borgo of the Holy Ghost Stephen Mcleod Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/swenson_awards Part of the Creative Writing Commons Recommended Citation Mcleod, Stephen, "Borgo of the Holy Ghost" (2001). Swenson Poetry Award Winners. 10. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/swenson_awards/10 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the USU Press at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Swenson Poetry Award Winners by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE BORGO OF THE HOLY GHOST May Swenson Poetry Award Series THE BORGO OF THE HOLY GHOST poems by Stephen McLeod UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS Logan, Utah Utah State University Press Logan, Utah 84322-7800 Copyright © 2001 Stephen McLeod. Foreword copyright © 2001 Richard Howard. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. “The Dead” was first published in Slate Magazine, www.slate.com. Reprinted with permission. Slate is a trademark of the Microsoft Corporation. Grateful acknowledgment is made to the editors of the following publications where versions of these poems first appeared: Agni: “Broken Gull” American Poetry Review: “What Comes Through Hearing” Barrow Street: “All Roads Lead to Kansas”; “Donation”; “The Shoulder Where It Belongs”; “That Crazy Moon” Bay Windows: “Just the Facts” Columbia: A Journal of Literature and Art: “Chronic”; “The Goldberg Variations” The Journal: “Late Reading”; “My Brother’s Ghost” The Paris Review: “At the West Street Piers”; “The Borgo of the Holy Ghost”; “Just By Deciding It” Ploughshares: “Becoming Kansas” Shenandoah: “Pieta” (appeared originally as “Michelangelo’s Pieta”) Slate: “The Dead” Southwest Review: “A.D.” Western Humanities Review: “Against Stevens”; “An Exercise For Lovers”; “For Barbara & Vincent”; “Heaven Reassigned”; “Speaking in Tongues”; “What to Do What to Say”.
    [Show full text]
  • Narrative Representations of Gender and Genre Through Lyric, Music, Image, and Staging in Carrie Underwood’S Blown Away Tour
    COUNTRY CULTURE AND CROSSOVER: Narrative Representations of Gender and Genre Through Lyric, Music, Image, and Staging in Carrie Underwood’s Blown Away Tour Krisandra Ivings A Thesis Presented In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree Master of Arts in Music with Specialization in Women’s Studies University of Ottawa © Krisandra Ivings, Ottawa, Canada, 2016 Abstract This thesis examines the complex and multi-dimensional narratives presented in the work of mainstream female country artist Carrie Underwood, and how her blending of musical genres (pop, rock, and country) affects the narratives pertaining to gender and sexuality that are told through her musical texts. I interrogate the relationships between and among the domains of music, lyrics, images, and staging in Underwood’s live performances (Blown Away Tour: Live DVD) and related music videos in order to identify how these gendered narratives relate to genre, and more specifically, where these performances and videos adhere to, expand on, or break from country music tropes and traditions. Adopting an interlocking theoretical approach grounded in genre theory, gender theory, narrative theory in the context of popular music, and happiness theory, I examine how, as a female artist in the country music industry, Underwood uses genre-blending to construct complex gendered narratives in her musical texts. Ultimately, I find that in her Blown Away Tour: Live DVD, Underwood uses diverse narrative strategies, sometimes drawing on country tropes, to engage techniques and stylistic influences of several pop and rock styles, and in doing so explores the gender norms of those genres. ii Acknowledgements A great number of people have supported this thesis behind the scenes, whether financially, academically, or emotionally.
    [Show full text]
  • Life and Work of Romesh Chunder Dutt ------===> Life and "Vork Of
    LIFE AND WORK OF ROMESH CHUNDER DUTT --------===> LIFE AND "VORK OF RO~1ESH CHCNDER DUTT C.LE. BY J. N. GUPTA, M.A., I.C.S. WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY HIS HIGHNESS THE MAHARAJA OF BARODA FOUR PHOTOGRAVURE PLATES .'u"D TEN OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS Lo?'-.nON J. M. DENT &- SO ", LTD. NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON & CO. 19I1 TO HIS CHILDREN WHO)! )!R. DUn LOVED SO DEARLY THIS WORK IS AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED BY THE AUTHOR INTRODUCTION IN introducing this life of an eminent intellectual leader of modern India, there is no need for me to dwell upon particular event~ in his life, or upon the literaryachieve­ ments which have made the name of Romesh Dutt widely known in the West as well as in India. I wish rather to call attention to certain traits which seemed to me-and I had opportunities of knowing him intimately during his most mature period-to mark him out as a man at once of great capacity and great character. And first of all I would mention his astonishing power of work. Romesh Dutt came from a province the climate and traditions of which are commonly supposed to discourage, in a peculiar degree, the exercise 01 physical and mental energy; but there were surely few men of his time. whether Western or Eastern, who laboured more continuously and to greater purpose than he. The claims of the Service to which he gave the best years of his life were in themselves exacting, and it might well have seemed that such strength as was left over from the discharge of official duties would have been wholly absorbed in such researches as those rendered necessary for the writing of the .
    [Show full text]
  • A Remote Beginning: Poems, 1985, Daud Kamal, 0904675246, 9780904675245, Interim, 1985
    A remote beginning: poems, 1985, Daud Kamal, 0904675246, 9780904675245, Interim, 1985 DOWNLOAD http://bit.ly/1Qt2ZUq http://goo.gl/RiX10 http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/SearchResults?sts=t&tn=A+remote+beginning%3A+poems&x=51&y=16 DOWNLOAD http://bit.ly/1ZfaSmE http://thepiratebay.sx/torrent/73618217775426 http://bit.ly/WxL0LD The song of Lazarus , Alex Comfort, 1945, , 99 pages. The great siege of Fort Jesus an historical novel, Valerie Cuthbert, 1970, Mombasa (Kenya), 147 pages. A Year in Place , W. Scott Olsen, Bret Lott, 2001, Literary Collections, 219 pages. W. Scott Olsen and Bret Lott invited a dozen friends to consider one particular calendar month in the place they call home. The result is A Year in Place, a captivating. Recognitions , Daud Kamal, Jan 1, 1979, Poetry, 23 pages. A Library of the World's Best Literature - Ancient and Modern - Vol. VIII (Forty-Five Volumes); Calvin-Cervantes , Charles Dudley Warner, Jan 1, 2008, Literary Collections, 412 pages. Popular American essayist, novelist, and journalist CHARLES DUDLEY WARNER (1829-1900) was renowned for the warmth and intimacy of his writing, which encompassed travelogue. Nothing for tigers poems, 1959-1964, Hayden Carruth, 1965, Poetry, 85 pages. A Selection of Verse , Daud Kamal, Jan 1, 1997, Pakistani poetry (English), 51 pages. A Selection of Verse, is a carefully sifted volume that contains the best of Daud Kamal's work. Through honesty, the sheer tactility of the imagery and the zen-like focus he. Build a Remote-controlled Robot , David R. Shircliff, 2002, Technology & Engineering, 112 pages. Here are all the step-by-step, heavily illustrated plans you need to build a full-sized, remote- controlled robot named Questor--without any advanced electronic or programming.
    [Show full text]
  • 14Th Annual ACM Honors Celebrates Industry & Studio Recording Winners from 55Th & 56Th ACM Awards
    August 27, 2021 The MusicRow Weekly Friday, August 27, 2021 14th Annual ACM Honors Celebrates SIGN UP HERE (FREE!) Industry & Studio Recording Winners From 55th & 56th ACM Awards If you were forwarded this newsletter and would like to receive it, sign up here. THIS WEEK’S HEADLINES 14th Annual ACM Honors Beloved TV Journalist And Producer Lisa Lee Dies At 52 “The Storyteller“ Tom T. Hall Passes Luke Combs accepts the Gene Weed Milestone Award while Ashley McBryde Rock And Country Titan Don looks on. Photo: Getty Images / Courtesy of the Academy of Country Music Everly Passes Kelly Rich To Exit Amazon The Academy of Country Music presented the 14th Annual ACM Honors, Music recognizing the special award honorees, and Industry and Studio Recording Award winners from the 55th and 56th Academy of Country SMACKSongs Promotes Music Awards. Four The event featured a star-studded lineup of live performances and award presentations celebrating Special Awards recipients Joe Galante and Kacey Musgraves Announces Rascal Flatts (ACM Cliffie Stone Icon Award), Lady A and Ross Fourth Studio Album Copperman (ACM Gary Haber Lifting Lives Award), Luke Combs and Michael Strickland (ACM Gene Weed Milestone Award), Dan + Shay Reservoir Inks Deal With (ACM Jim Reeves International Award), RAC Clark (ACM Mae Boren Alabama Axton Service Award), Toby Keith (ACM Merle Haggard Spirit Award), Loretta Lynn, Gretchen Peters and Curly Putman (ACM Poet’s Award) Old Dominion, Lady A and Ken Burns’ Country Music (ACM Tex Ritter Film Award). Announce New Albums Also honored were winners of the 55th ACM Industry Awards, 55th & 56th Alex Kline Signs With Dann ACM Studio Recording Awards, along with 55th and 56th ACM Songwriter Huff, Sheltered Music of the Year winner, Hillary Lindsey.
    [Show full text]
  • INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS 1885-1947 Year Place President
    INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS 1885-1947 Year Place President 1885 Bombay W.C. Bannerji 1886 Calcutta Dadabhai Naoroji 1887 Madras Syed Badruddin Tyabji 1888 Allahabad George Yule First English president 1889 Bombay Sir William 1890 Calcutta Sir Pherozeshah Mehta 1891 Nagupur P. Anandacharlu 1892 Allahabad W C Bannerji 1893 Lahore Dadabhai Naoroji 1894 Madras Alfred Webb 1895 Poona Surendranath Banerji 1896 Calcutta M Rahimtullah Sayani 1897 Amraoti C Sankaran Nair 1898 Madras Anandamohan Bose 1899 Lucknow Romesh Chandra Dutt 1900 Lahore N G Chandravarkar 1901 Calcutta E Dinsha Wacha 1902 Ahmedabad Surendranath Banerji 1903 Madras Lalmohan Ghosh 1904 Bombay Sir Henry Cotton 1905 Banaras G K Gokhale 1906 Calcutta Dadabhai Naoroji 1907 Surat Rashbehari Ghosh 1908 Madras Rashbehari Ghosh 1909 Lahore Madanmohan Malaviya 1910 Allahabad Sir William Wedderburn 1911 Calcutta Bishan Narayan Dhar 1912 Patna R N Mudhalkar 1913 Karachi Syed Mahomed Bahadur 1914 Madras Bhupendranath Bose 1915 Bombay Sir S P Sinha 1916 Lucknow A C Majumdar 1917 Calcutta Mrs. Annie Besant 1918 Bombay Syed Hassan Imam 1918 Delhi Madanmohan Malaviya 1919 Amritsar Motilal Nehru www.bankersadda.com | www.sscadda.com| www.careerpower.in | www.careeradda.co.inPage 1 1920 Calcutta Lala Lajpat Rai 1920 Nagpur C Vijaya Raghavachariyar 1921 Ahmedabad Hakim Ajmal Khan 1922 Gaya C R Das 1923 Delhi Abul Kalam Azad 1923 Coconada Maulana Muhammad Ali 1924 Belgaon Mahatma Gandhi 1925 Cawnpore Mrs.Sarojini Naidu 1926 Guwahati Srinivas Ayanagar 1927 Madras M A Ansari 1928 Calcutta Motilal Nehru 1929 Lahore Jawaharlal Nehru 1930 No session J L Nehru continued 1931 Karachi Vallabhbhai Patel 1932 Delhi R D Amritlal 1933 Calcutta Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • A Critical and Corpus Based Analysis of 21St Century Pakistani English Poetry
    Orient Research Journal of Social Sciences ISSN Print 2616-7085 December 2019, Vol.4, No. 2 [312-320] ISSN Online 2616-7093 Metaphors We Live By: A Critical and Corpus Based Analysis of 21st Century Pakistani English Poetry Muhammad Riaz Gohar1, Dr. Muhammad Afzal2 & Dr. Behzad Anwar 3 1. Ph. D Scholar, Department English University of Gujrat, Gujrat 2. HOD, Department of Urdu GC Women University Sialkot 3. HOD, Department English University of Gujrat, Gujrat Abstract This study focuses on the critical evaluation of the most frequent metaphors in the Pakistani English poetry (PakEP) of 21st century. The poetic corpus includes the works of the maximum number of the poets from the whole of the country (sixty in number). They all belong to the post 9/11 time period. The corpus has thus two prime concerns as recency and representativeness. The researcher sets three objectives; first, which are the most frequent metaphors in the 21st C Pakistani English poetry; second, what the particular mood do these metaphors exhibit; third, to which school of poetry do these poets show their affiliation. With the use of AntConc3.2.1, the frequency, the concordance and the collocation of the most frequent metaphors have been discovered. Parallel to these, the description, interpretation and explanation of the metaphors have been conducted with the help of Fairclough’s (2000) model. The present study indicates that the recent English poetry of Pakistani young lot is thematically overwhelmed by love, heart and life. Secondly, despair and frustration are the moods of such poets in general. Thirdly, Pakistani English poetry is more akin to classicism and romanticism than modernism.
    [Show full text]
  • Why the Political Sources from Late Colonial India in the Aqeel Collection Should Be Examined Through a ‘History of Emotions’ Approach
    <Article>Why the Political Sources from Late Colonial India Title in the Aqeel Collection should be examined through a 'History of Emotions' Approach Author(s) Di COSTANZO, Thierry イスラーム世界研究 : Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies Citation (2021), 14: 162-178 Issue Date 2021-03-19 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/262499 ©京都大学大学院アジア・アフリカ地域研究研究科附属 Right イスラーム地域研究センター 2021 Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University イスラーム世界研究 第Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area 14 巻（202Studies 141 年(March 3 月）162‒178 2021) 頁 Kyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies, 14 (March 2021), pp. 162–178 Why the Political Sources from Late Colonial India in the Aqeel Collection should be examined through a ‘History of Emotions’ Approach Thierry Di COSTANZO* Abstract This article deals with the necessity to approach the Aqeel collection held by ASAFAS through politics. It will defend one particular prism for such an endeavour, that of the history of political emotions present in the books written by major politicians and intellectuals in late colonial India. Such means of access, we think, should explore both Urdu and English emotional components of the Aqeel Collection writings by using the latest research in the domain called ‘history of emotions.’ The article will provide some modest ideas on why and how the emotional intends to open up new ways of understanding the way politicians at that time approached and debated the future of British India into two independent nations, India and Pakistan. The article partly shows why emotional life shaped political action at the time, and how political emotions were, in turn, able to guide and strengthen the construction of post-imperialist, nationalist or supremacist ideologies that still persist today.
    [Show full text]
  • (Rjll) Research Journal of Anguage & Iterature
    ISSN 2518-2471 Volume 3 December (2018) RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ANGUAGE & ITERATURE (RJLL) Department of English LAHORE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN UNIVERSITY Research Journal of Language and Literature Patron Professor Dr. Farkhanda Manzoor, (VC, Lahore College for Women University) Editor-in-Chief Dr. Sadia Zulfiqar, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore. Assistant Editors* Ms. Mahrukh Bokhari, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore. Ms. Muqqdas Javed, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore. Ms. Tahira Khanam, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore. Editorial Board Members Dr. Naz Rasool, Professor, Institute of Education, University of Reading, UK. Dr. Maya David, Professor, Department of English Language, The University of Malaya, Malaysia. Dr. Hemamala Ratwattee, Director, Postgraduate Institute of English, Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka. Dr. Ravinder Gargesh, Professor, Advanced Centre for Linguistic Studies, University of Delhi, India. Dr. Arifa Rehman, Professor, English Department, Institute of Modern Languages, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Dr. Christine Coombe, Faculty, English Department Dubai, Men's College, Dubai. Professor Les Kirkham, IATEFL Associates Representative, former President TESOL Arabia, UAE. Dr. Tupas Ruanni, Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Literature, National Institute of Education, Singapore. Dr. Ahmar Mehboob, Senior Lecturer, Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts and Social Science, the University of Sydney, Australia. Dr. Amara Khan, Assistant Professor English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore. Dr. Rubina Sheikh, Assistant Professor English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore. Professor Fareeha Basit Khan, Professor/ Chair/ Director, Department of English, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan. Dr. Tehmina Pirzada, Assistant Professor English, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore.
    [Show full text]
  • Indian National Congress Sessions
    Indian National Congress Sessions INC sessions led the course of many national movements as well as reforms in India. Consequently, the resolutions passed in the INC sessions reflected in the political reforms brought about by the British government in India. Although the INC went through a major split in 1907, its leaders reconciled on their differences soon after to give shape to the emerging face of Independent India. Here is a list of all the Indian National Congress sessions along with important facts about them. This list will help you prepare better for SBI PO, SBI Clerk, IBPS Clerk, IBPS PO, etc. Indian National Congress Sessions During the British rule in India, the Indian National Congress (INC) became a shiny ray of hope for Indians. It instantly overshadowed all the other political associations established prior to it with its very first meeting. Gradually, Indians from all walks of life joined the INC, therefore making it the biggest political organization of its time. Most exam Boards consider the Indian National Congress Sessions extremely noteworthy. This is mainly because these sessions played a great role in laying down the foundational stone of Indian polity. Given below is the list of Indian National Congress Sessions in chronological order. Apart from the locations of various sessions, make sure you also note important facts pertaining to them. Indian National Congress Sessions Post Liberalization Era (1990-2018) Session Place Date President 1 | P a g e 84th AICC Plenary New Delhi Mar. 18-18, Shri Rahul Session 2018 Gandhi Chintan Shivir Jaipur Jan. 18-19, Smt.
    [Show full text]