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Zprávy Vlastivědného Muzea V Olomouci 308/2014 Společenské Vědy 308/2014 | Společenské Vědy Vědy Společenské | ZPRÁVY VLASTIVĚDNÉHO MUZEA V OLOMOUCI 308/2014 SPOLEČENSKÉ VĚDY 308/2014 | SPOLEČENSKÉ VĚDY VĚDY SPOLEČENSKÉ | Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci nám. Republiky 5, 771 73 Olomouc www.vmo.cz ISSN 1212-1134 ISBN 978-80-85037-72-2 VMO ZPRÁVY ZPRÁVY VLASTIVĚDNÉHO MUZEA V OLOMOUCI SPOLEČENSKÉ VĚDY Číslo 308 Olomouc 2014 1 Do tohoto čísla přispěli: PhDr. Ondřej Bláha, Ph.D. (Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci), [email protected] Mgr. Markéta Doláková (Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci), [email protected] prof. PhDr. Jiří Fiala, CSc. (Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci), [email protected] PhDr. Renáta Fifková (Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci), [email protected] PhDr. Eva Gregorovičová (Národní archiv), [email protected] Mgr. Ivan Hlavatý (Olomouc), [email protected] Mgr. Lukáš Hlubek (Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci), [email protected] Mgr. Veronika Hrbáčková (Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci), [email protected] prof. PhDr. Alena Křížová, Ph.D. (Masarykova univerzita v Brně), [email protected] Mgr. Radek Podhorný (Hulín), [email protected] Harald Skala (Spolková republika Německo, Kottmar), [email protected] Mgr. Robert Šrek (Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci), [email protected] Mgr. Josef Urban (Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci), [email protected] Přední STRANA OBÁLKY: Fragment rakve pro Iretherirua (detail), Národní muzeum – Náprstkovo muzeum asijských, afrických a amerických kultur, P 6224. Foto: Jiří Vaněk. (Podhorný, R.: Výstava Poklady starého Egypta – sbírka Josefa Ferdinanda Habsburského.) DRUHÁ STRANA OBÁLKY: Pohledy do expozice Od kolébky do hrobu. Foto: Pavel Rozsíval. (Hrbáčková, V.: Stálá národopisná expozice Od kolébky do hrobu ve Vlastivědném muzeu v Olomouci.) TřeTÍ STRANA OBÁLKY: Z výstavy Poklady starého Egypta. Foto: Pavel Rozsíval. (Podhorný, R.: Výstava Poklady starého Egypta – sbírka Josefa Ferdinanda Habsburského.) ZADNÍ STRANA OBÁLKY: Vešebty z tzv. královské skrýše v Dér el-Bahrí, Národní muzeum – Náprstkovo muzeum asijských, afrických a amerických kultur, P 6307, P 6341. Foto: Jiří Vaněk. (Podhorný, R.: Výstava Poklady starého Egypta – sbírka Josefa Ferdinanda Habsburského.) © Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci 2014 ISSN 1212-1134 ISBN 978-80-85037-72-2 OBSAH / CONTENT STUDIE | MATERIÁLY Lukáš Hlubek Pravěké a raně středověké osídlení na katastru obce Senice na Hané (okr. Olomouc) .............................................................................................. 5 Prehistoric and Early Medieval Settlement in the Territories of the Village of Senice na Hané (Olomouc District) Alena Křížová Hanáci pohledem současníků na přelomu 18. a 19. století ............................................... 25 View of Haná Inhabitant by the Contemporaries at the Turn of the 19th Century Eva Gregorovičová Champollionův osudový omyl: „Pro mě vede cesta do Mennoferu a Théb přes Turín“ ........................................................ 38 The Fatal Error of Champollion: „For Me, Leading the Way to Memphis and Thebes Through Turin“ Markéta Doláková Rakouský fotograf, malíř a cestovatel Richard Buchta (1845–1894) a jeho pozůstalost v Olomouci ........................................................................................................ 67 Austrian Photographer, Painter and Explorer Richard Buchta (1845–1894) and His Legacy in Olomouc DROBNOSTI Ondřej Bláha K etymologii jména olomouckého předměstí Povel ............................................................ 97 Jiří Fiala – Harald Skala Galerie vojenských velitelů obrany Olomouce za pruského obléhání města roku 1758. Část I. ............................................................................................... 102 Robert Šrek Plavání a architektura. Několik příkladů z Moravy a Slezska do počátku 20. století ....................................................................................................................... 125 Jiří Fiala Polní podmaršálek Adam Brandner šlechtic von Wolfzahn (1857–1940). Ke 100. výročí vypuknutí 1. světové války (28. 7. 1914) .................................................. 135 Ivan Hlavatý Sotiris Joanidis a Vaia Kostea – pamětníci poválečného osídlení jesenického pohraničí řeckou emigrací z let 1946 až 1949 v obcích Rejvíz a Horní Údolí ............ 145 3 KRONIKA Radek Podhorný Výstava Poklady starého Egypta – sbírka Josefa Ferdinanda Habsburského ....... 160 Veronika Hrbáčková Stálá národopisná expozice Od kolébky do hrobu ve Vlastivědném muzeu v Olomouci. Pokus o srovnání s expozicí J. R. Bečáka ....................................... 163 Josef Urban Výstava Kouzlo starých map ......................................................................................................... 171 Renáta Fifková Muzeum představilo Křížovou cestu Lubomíra Bartoše .................................................. 174 Pokyny pro autory ................................................................................................................................. 176 4 STUDIE | MATERIÁLY Zprávy Vlastivědného muzea v Olomouci č. 308: 5–24, 2014 Pravěké a raně středověké osídlení na katastru obce Senice na Hané (okr. Olomouc) Lukáš Hlubek ABSTRACT Prehistoric and Early Medieval Settlement in the Territories of the Village of Senice na Hané (Olomouc District) The survey describes the development of the prehistoric and early medieval settlement in the territory of the village of Senice na Hané. It will present archaeological findings collected from the beginning of the 20th century up to the latest discoveries from the recent period. The second part of the contribution deals with particular prehistoric and medieval periods as documented in the described territory. KEY WORDS: Senice na Hané, history of research, survey of prehistoric and early medieval settlement Přírodní podmínky Obec Senice na Hané leží 9 km jižně od města Litovle a 12 km západně od Olomouce. Nalezneme ji mezi městysem Náměšť na Hané a obcí Dubčany. Vesnicí prochází silnice z Li- tovle do Prostějova a nachází se zde železniční stanice dvou lokálních drah – z Olomouce do Litovle a z Olomouce do Prostějova. Geomorfologicky náleží větší část sledovaného území k Prostějovské pahorkatině a do západní části katastru zasahují výběžky Bouzovské vrcho- viny.1 Nejvyšším bodem na katastru je vrch Bořík s nadmořskou výškou 340 m. Svrchní hor- ninový pokryv na popisovaném území představují v rovinatých částech především naváté (eolické) sedimenty – známé spraše, na jejichž bázi se vyvinuly úrodné půdy. Čtvrtohorního stáří jsou i další, méně zastoupené sedimenty (štěrky, písky, hlíny). V okolí vodních toků se nacházejí nivní sedimenty a hornatější části katastrů jsou tvořeny jílovitými břidlicemi, prachovci a drobou. Nadmořská výška se v popisované oblasti pohybuje od 230 do 340 m. Skrze Senici na Hané protéká říčka Blata, která pramení poblíž obcí Vilémov a Bílsko a vlévá se u Lobodic do řeky Moravy. Stopy pravěkého a středověkého osídlení zaznamenáváme především v rovinatějších částech katastrů v nevelké vzdálenosti od říčky Blaty [obr. 1]. Historie bádání Vlastní počátky zájmu o archeologii na Litovelsku jsou spojeny s osobou MUDr. Jana Smyčky (1855–1927),2 zakladatele litovelského muzea. Ten ještě roku 1903 uváděl, že z okolí Senice na Hané jsou známy jen ojedinělé nálezy a dosud se nepodařilo zjistit „větší naleziště“, jejichž objevení bude úkolem budoucího bádání.3 Ale už v roce 1912 publikoval 5 Obr. 1. Archeologické lokality na katastru obce Senice na Hané: 1 – intravilán obce pozemek domu čp. 56; 2 – intravilán obce pozemek domu čp. 85; 3 – trať „Tratě“; 4 – obecní hliník; 5 – trať „Loučan- ské“; 6 – trať „Na baště“; 7 – Loucká hora; 8 – Vrch Bořík. Výřez ze ZM 1:25 000, list 24-221 a 24-223. první doklady pravěkého osídlení na sledovaném katastru ve svých novinových článcích. Největší množství materiálu pochází z Loucké hory jižně až jihozápadně od obce. Zde byly na několika parcelách objeveny popelnice se spálenými kostmi a při prohlubování silnice ze Senice do Loučan se podařilo narazit na železné podkovy a podélný objekt, z jehož obsahu J. Smyčka zmiňuje dvě kuličky, kosti a střepiny nádob.4 Značný podíl na záchraně archeologického materiálu měl rovněž učitel Leopold Klemsa, který velmi aktiv- ně shromažďoval nálezy z okolí obce. Některé z nich si ponechal (např. denár nalezený na své zahradě), jiné věnoval do Městského muzea v Litovli. Nové doklady o pobytu pravěkého člověka v dané lokalitě byly získány až v 50. letech 20. století. Při stavbě kravína JZD narazili dělníci na tři kostrové a jeden žárový hrob kul- tury zvoncovitých pohárů z konce pozdní doby kamenné. Kromě hrobů bylo nalezeno několik vrcholně středověkých střepů.5 Roku 1958 správce litovelského muzea prof. Ka- rel Sedlák publikoval nález denáru Spytihněva II. (1048–1054), který mu k tomuto účelu zapůjčil L. Klemsa.6 Ve stejné době Vlastivědnému ústavu v Olomouci (dnes Vlastivědné muzeum v Olomouci) odevzdal p. Š. Stanislav silný okrajový střep středověké zásobnice.7 Bohužel na počátku 60. let 20. století byla předána celá sbírka litovelského měst- ského muzea Vlastivědnému ústavu v Olomouci,8 kde se stala součástí jednotlivých fondů. Archeologické nálezy litovelského muzea byly zapsány do archeologické podsbírky pod přírůstkovým číslem 90/76 a dodnes je část z nich evidovaná pouze v I. stupni evidence. Další materiál se nachází pod přírůstkovým číslem 1240/70, pod nímž jsou evidovány střepy z období popelnicových polí a mladší doby železné, o jejichž přes- nější lokalizaci na katastru nemáme žádné zmínky. Archeologické výzkumy na Litovel- sku měli od 60. let 20. století zajišťovat pracovníci Archeologického
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