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The Fern Family Blechnaceae: Old and New
ANDRÉ LUÍS DE GASPER THE FERN FAMILY BLECHNACEAE: OLD AND NEW GENERA RE-EVALUATED, USING MOLECULAR DATA Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal do Departamento de Botânica do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Doutor em Biologia Vegetal. Área de Concentração Taxonomia vegetal BELO HORIZONTE – MG 2016 ANDRÉ LUÍS DE GASPER THE FERN FAMILY BLECHNACEAE: OLD AND NEW GENERA RE-EVALUATED, USING MOLECULAR DATA Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal do Departamento de Botânica do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Doutor em Biologia Vegetal. Área de Concentração Taxonomia Vegetal Orientador: Prof. Dr. Alexandre Salino Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Coorientador: Prof. Dr. Vinícius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora BELO HORIZONTE – MG 2016 Gasper, André Luís. 043 Thefern family blechnaceae : old and new genera re- evaluated, using molecular data [manuscrito] / André Luís Gasper. – 2016. 160 f. : il. ; 29,5 cm. Orientador: Alexandre Salino. Co-orientador: Vinícius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Botânica. 1. Filogenia - Teses. 2. Samambaia – Teses. 3. RbcL. 4. Rps4. 5. Trnl. 5. TrnF. 6. Biologia vegetal - Teses. I. Salino, Alexandre. II. Dittrich, Vinícius Antônio de Oliveira. III. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Departamento de Botânica. IV. Título. À Sabrina, meus pais e a vida, que não se contém! À Lucia Sevegnani, que não pode ver esta obra concluída, mas que sempre foi motivo de inspiração. -
Doodia Australis
Doodia australis COMMON NAME Rasp fern SYNONYMS Doodia media subsp. australis Parris; Doodia kunthiana sensu A.Cunn.; Doodia australis (Parris) Parris, Blechnum parrisiae Christenh. FAMILY Blechnaceae AUTHORITY Doodia australis (Parris) Parris FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native ENDEMIC TAXON No ENDEMIC GENUS Kerikeri. Photographer: John Barkla No ENDEMIC FAMILY No STRUCTURAL CLASS Ferns NVS CODE DOOAUS CHROMOSOME NUMBER 2n = 128 CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS 2012 | Not Threatened PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | Not Threatened 2004 | Not Threatened DISTRIBUTION Indigenous. Kermadec Islands (Raoul and Macauley Islands). New Coromandel. Dec 1982. Photographer: Jeremy Zealand: Three Kings, North and South Islands from Te Paki south to Rolfe Wellington, the Marlborough Sounds, north-west Nelson and Banks Peninsula. Abundant north of the Waikato, otherwise scarce. Present in Australia, Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands. HABITAT Coastal to lowland in open or forested sites, within light scrub, in rough pasture, and even known as a weedy fern of urban gardens and environments. FEATURES Vegetative reproduction by stolons or shortly branching rhizome. Rhizome rarely prostrate and creeping; clad in dense black scales. Fertile and sterile fronds mostly similar sometimes moderately dimorphic. Fronds more or less erect or sterile fronds sometimes inclined to prostrate; harsh; lamina 110-600 mm long. Stipes and raches bearing brown scales, these more persistent at the stipe base though mostly shed at frond maturation; pubescent. Lower pinnae attached by costae, sometimes with auricles developed, or very rarely adnate to the rachis, lowest pair rarely longer than the pairs immediately above them; middle pinnae usually completely, but often partly, adnate, occasionally decurrent, rarely auriculate; upper pinnae adnate to decurrent. -
Doodia Hindii ( Blechnaceae) a New Species from North Eastern New South Wales, Australia
Telopea 12(2) 257–261 Doodia hindii ( Blechnaceae) a new species from north eastern New South Wales, Australia T. Carrick Chambers National Herbarium of NSW, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia Email: [email protected] Abstract Doodia hindii Tindale ex T.C.Chambers is described for the first time. This is a rarely collected species from rainforest in mountain regions of north eastern New South Wales, bringing to nine the number of species of Doodia in Australia . Introduction The genus Doodia (Blechnaceae) is estimated to contain more than 30 species distributed through Australasia, Papuasia, Malesia, Sri Lanka and the Pacific region extending north east to Hawaii and as far east as Easter Island (Parris 1972, 1998). Hybrids have been reported among some of the species especially in the D. caudata complex (Andrews 1990). Eight species have been defined by Parris (1998) in the Flora of Australia treatment. By modifying the key provided there, this additional (ninth) Australian taxon can be accommodated as follows (modifications are in italics): 4: Numerous strongly reduced basal pinnae/segments present; abaxial surface of pinnae/segments mid vein either with or without tubercles .............................................................................. 5 5 Rhizome erect, forming caudex up to 30 cm ................................................ 1. D. maxima 5: Rhizome short to long creeping; tubercles present on stipe .......................... 5. D. australis 5a Rhizome short (but may develop an erect -
Fern Info1.Pub
FERNS – YOUR “WHERE TO PLANT” GUIDE Here is a list of the more common ferns and the situation(s) they are best planted in. Also tells if cold hardy. N.B some ferns are very adaptable and can grow in various conditions Ground cover cover Ground Spots (mulch) Spots (mulch) Light shaded NZ Native? NZ Dry shaded shaded Dry Cold hardy hardy Cold Moist and and Moist Coastal Coastal Indoor Sunny Sunny shady shady Species name Common fern name Cyathea dealbata Silver yes 9 9 9 9 9 TREE FERNS Cyathea medullaris Mamaku or Black ponga yes 9 9 9 9 Cyathea smithii Soft Tree yes 9 9 9 Cyathea cunninghami Gully Tree yes 9 9 9 Cyathea tomentossisma New Guinea lace 9 9 Dicksonia antartica Tasmanian Tree 9 9 9 9 9 Dicksonia fibrosa Wheki ponga yes 9 9 9 9 Dicksonia squarrosa Brown Tree or Wheki yes 9 9 9 9 9 Adiantum aethiopicum Common maiden hair yes 9 9 9 9 Adiantum hispidulum Rosy maiden hair yes 9 9 9 9 9 Asparagus plumosa yes 9 9 Asplenium bulbiferum Hen and chicken yes 9 9 9 9 Asplenium flaccidum Hanging spleenwort yes 9 9 9 Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace or Butterfly yes 9 9 Asplenium oblongifolium Shining spleenwort yes 9 9 9 9 Asplenium obtusatum Shore spleenwort yes 9 9 9 9 Asplenium polyodon Sickle spleenwort yes 9 9 9 Athyrium otophorum Japanese Painted 9 9 Blechnum chambersii Lance or nini yes 9 Blechnum discolor Crown yes 9 9 9 9 Blechnum fluviatile Water or Kiwakiwa yes 9 9 Blechnum fraserii Miniature Tree yes 9 9 9 Blechnum minus Swamp kiokio yes 9 9 9 9 Blechnum novae-zealandiae Kiokio or palm leaf yes 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Blechnum penna marina Alpine water yes 9 9 9 9 9 9 Cyrtomium falcatum Holly 9 9 9 9 Davallia Rabbits foot 9 9 GROUND FERNS FERNS GROUND Davialla mariesii Hares foot 9 9 Doodia aspera Prickly rasp yes 9 9 9 Doodia media (syn. -
Claudelands Bush: Ecology of an Urban Kahikatea (Dacrycarpus Dacrydioides) Forest Remnant in Hamilton, New Zealand
Tane 36: 131-155 (1997) CLAUDELANDS BUSH: ECOLOGY OF AN URBAN KAHIKATEA (DACRYCARPUS DACRYDIOIDES) FOREST REMNANT IN HAMILTON, NEW ZEALAND Patrick T. Whaley, Bruce D. Clarkson and Mark C. Smale Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Private Bag 3127, Hamilton, New Zealand SUMMARY Structure and composition of Claudelands Bush, a 5ha urban remnant of alluvial forest in Hamilton, New Zealand, are described and the effects of fragmentation and isolation assessed. The forest comprises less than 2% of the largest expanse of forest present in the Hamilton Basin at the time of European settlement. Formerly a mixed Dacrycarpus dacrydioides-Prumnopitys taxifolia- Dacrydium cupressinum stand, logging c. 130 years ago has led to canopy dominance by an early-mature cohort of D. dacrydioides with Laurelia novae- zealandiae and Beilschmiedia tawa. Most present canopy dominants appear to be replacing themselves, though not necessarily in existing proportions. Replacement of D. dacrydioides is largely ineffectual and B. tawa is virtually absent from canopy gaps and near margins. One-third of the indigenous vascular flora of 122 species which survived grazing from the 1860s to the 1920s became extinct in the 26 years between 1954 and 1980, mostly ground layer ferns and understorey shrubs with small populations. Smothering by the adventive ground layer herb Tradescantia fluminensis, locally dominant for >40 years, and desiccation resulting from drainage of the locality earlier in the century appear to be primarily responsible. Nearly half the remaining 81 original species are in small numbers and some further losses are likely. Conversely, seven indigenous species not native to the district have established through planting or natural dispersal from nearby gardens. -
Hardy Fern Foundation Quarterly
EdfCow Sue OLsen Volume 8 Number 5L THE HARDY FERN FOUNDATION P.O. Box 166 Medina, WA 98039-0166 [email protected] Web site www.hardyferns.org The Hardy Fern Foundation was founded in 1989 to establish a comprehensive collection of the world’s hardy ferns for display, testing, evaluation, public educa¬ tion and introduction to the gardening and horticultural community. Many rare and unusual species, hybrids and varieties are being propagated from spores and tested in selected environments for their different degrees of hardiness and orna¬ mental garden value. The primary fern display and test garden is located at, and in conjunction with, The Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden at the Weyerhaeuser Corporate Headquarters, in Federal Way, Washington. Satellite fern gardens are at the Stephen Austin Arboretum, Nacogdoches, Texas, Birmingham Botanical Gardens, Birmingham, Alabama, California State Univer¬ sity at Sacramento, Sacramento, California, Dallas Arboretum, Dallas, Texas, Denver Botanic Gardens. Denver, Colorado, Georgeson Botanical Garden, Uni¬ versity of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, Harry P. Leu Garden, Orlando, Florida, Coastal Maine Botanical Garden, Wiscasset, Maine, Inniswood Metro Gardens, Colum¬ bus, Ohio, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, and Strybing Arbore¬ tum, San Francisco, California. The fern display gardens are at Lakewold, Tacoma, Washington, Les Jardins de Metis, Quebec, Canada and University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado. Hardy Fern Foundation members participate in a spore exchange, receive a quar¬ terly newsletter and have first access to ferns as they are ready for distribution. Cover Design by Willanna Bradner. Spring 1998 HARDY FERN FOUNDATION NEWSLETTER SPECIAL ISSUE- Propagation 't J U £ % f T ^ W|"|a_3** ^ is «, ^ w_£ Introduction The Sex Life (or Life Cycle) of Ferns 1-4 Joan Eiger Gottlieb Apogamy and Apospory for Amateurs.4-6 Joan Eiger Gottlieb Reproduction of Xerophytic Ferns.7-8 Martin Grantham Getting Started - Gathering and Cleaning Spore.8-9 Sue Olsen Waiting for Sporophytes.10-15 AlastairC. -
Koromatua Bush Pirongia Highway
Moore and Wodzicki (1950) recorded 4 vascular plants including a grass ( and 10 algae) amongst gannet nest material on White Island in the Bay of Plenty. The terrestial plants included the same 3 found growing on Oaia Island. Imagine the damage to Oaias vegetation if most gannet nests annually have pieces of vascular plants added to them. Cooks scurvy grass has drastically declined throughout New Zealand; it was well known on Aucklands west coast in the 1930s and was recorded at Piha in 1948 (Esler 1975). The 1953 Oaia record of scurvy grass appears to be the last that close to Auckland. The increase of gannets may have caused the loss of scurvy grass on Oaia but it is well suited to guano enriched islands (Ogle 1987). We thank the Muriwai Surf Life Saving Club for transporting us to the island and F.I. Dromgoole for assisting identify the Prasiola. REFERENCES Esler A.E. 1975. Vegetation of the sand country boardering the Waitakere Range Auckland: Piha Beach. Proceedings of the New Zealand Ecological Society 22: 52 56. Fleming C.A. & Sibson R.B. 1947. Contributions to the Gannet Census I. Oaia gannetry Muriwai from 1942 to 1948. Notornis 2(4): 62. Fleming C.A. & Wodzicki K.A. 1952. A census of the gannet (Sula serrator) in New Zealand. Notornis 5(2): 39 78. Moore L.B. & Wodzicki K. 1950 Plant material from gannets nests. Notornis 4: 12 13. Ogle CC. 1987. The retreat of Cooks scurvy grass. Forest & Bird 18(1): 26. Reed S. 1979. Establishment of a new gannetry. -
A.N.P.S.A. Fern Study Group Newsletter Number 132
A.N.P.S.A. Fern Study Group Newsletter Number 132 ISSN 1837-008X DATE: January, 2015 LEADER: Peter Bostock, 59 Limosa Street, BELLBOWRIE, Qld 4070. Tel. 07 3202 6983, mobile: 0421 113 955; email: [email protected] TREASURER: Dan Johnston, 9 Ryhope St, BUDERIM, Qld 4556. Tel. 07 5445 6069, mobile: 0429 065 894; email: [email protected] NEWSLETTER EDITOR: Dan Johnston, contact as above. SPORE BANK: Barry White, 34 Noble Way, SUNBURY, Vic. 3429. Tel. 03 9740 2724 email: [email protected] From the Editor I was most impressed with the recent issue of Australian Plants dedicated to ferns. (Spring 2014, Vol 27 No. 220). Congratulations and thanks to Kylie Stocks for organising this and to the other contributors. I believe we have had some new members join our group as a result. Members will be disappointed to hear that the Fern Society of Victoria was wound up at the end of last year. However, I think this has also resulted in new members for our group. Perhaps our Victorian members would be interested in forming a local chapter similar to our Sydney and South-East Queensland chapters. Program for South-east Queensland Region Dan Johnston / Peter Bostock Sunday, 1st February, 2015. Meet at 9:30 am at Peter Bostock’s home at 59 Limosa St, Bellbowrie. Topic: Lastreopsis. Note: Peter will present recent major revisions to Lastreopsis. Many Lastreopsis species have been transferred to a new genus Parapolystichum. Sunday, 1st March, 2015. Excursion to Queen Mary Falls and adjacent area. Meet at 9:30am at the Queen Mary Falls car park. -
(Pennantia Corymbosa Icacinaceae) on Gt Barrier Island
bush remnants a short distance from the main mistletoe site. However a week after our trip Mrs. Gilbert found three new plants (aided by her binoculars) in this patch. We must have been too busy pulling out privet seedlings to notice! lt is encouraging that the mistletoe has established in another remnant on the farm. References Cameron E. K; de Lange P. J; Given D. R; Johnson P. J; Ogle C C 1995: NewZealand botanical society threatened and local plants list (1995 revision). New Zealand Botanical Society Newsletter 39:15 28. de Lange P.J. Norton D. A. Molloy B. P. J. 1997: An annotated checklist of NewZealand mistletoe (Loranthaceae) hosts pp. 83 104 In de Lange P.J. and Norton D.A. eds NZ loranthaceous mistletoes Proceedings of a workshop hosted by the Threatened Species Unit Department of Conservation Cass 17 20 July 1995. Norton D.A. 1997: Host specificity and spatial distribution patterns of misteltoes. Pp. 105 109. In de Lange P.J. and Norton D.A. eds NZ loranthaceous mistletoes Proceedings of a workshop hosted by the Threatened Species Unit Department of Conservation Cass 17 20 July 1995. Preliminary species list for remnant on the Gilberts farm compiled by Carol McSweeney and Bec Stanley Fungi Favolaschia calocera Prumnopitys taxifolia Metrosideros perforata Ferns Dicots Muehlenbeckia australis Asplenium flaccidum Acaena novae zelandiae Mysine australis Blechnum filiforme Aristotelia serrata Myrsine salicina Cyathea cunninghamii Beilschmedia tarairi Nestegis lanceolata Cyathea dealbata (one Beilschmedia tawa Parsonsia heterophylla double headed plant) Carpodetus serratus Passiflora tetrapanda Cyathea medullaris Clematis paniculata Pseudopanax crassifolius Doodia media Coprosma arborea ?Rubus cissoides Grammitis sp. -
Doodia Media
Doodia media Doodia media Botanical Name: Doodia media Common Names: Rasp Fern, Native: No Foliage Type: Evergreen Plant Type: Palms, Ferns & Tropical Plant Habit: Rounded, Upright Description: A hardy fern that naturally occurs in both the the Pacific islands and Australia. A compact fern getting 40cm high by 40cm wide. The fronds emerge as a bright red and turn a dark green once they mature, keeping the red stalks. An attractive foliaged fern to add colour and interest to your fernery or tropical rainforest garden. Mature Height: 30-60cm Position: Semi Shade, Shade Mature Width: 30-60cm Soil Type: Any, Well Drained Family Name: Blechnaceae Landscape Use(s): Courtyard, Foliage Feature / Colour, Indoor Plant, Mass Planting, Park And Gardens, Shady Garden, Tropical Garden, Container / Pot, Under Origin: PacificIslands Trees Characteristics: Pest & Diseases: Foliage Colours: Green, Red Generally trouble free Flower Colours: Insignificant Flower Fragrant: No Cultural Notes: Flowering Season: N/A Requires a fertile and moist soil. Cannot dry out. You can remove any damaged Fruit: TBA fronds to tidy plant. Requirements: Growth Rate: Moderate Plant Care: Keep moist during dry periods, Low phosphorus slow release fertiliser, Mulch well Maintenance Level: Low Water Usage: High, Medium / Moderate Tolerances: Drought: Low Frost: Tender Wind: Tender Disclaimer: Information and images provided is to be used as a guide only. While every reasonable effort is made to ensure accuracy and relevancy of all information, any decisions based on this information are the sole responsibility of the viewer. Call 1300 787 401 plantmark.com.au. -
Eastern Wairarapa Ecological District Survey Report for the Protected Natural Areas Programme
Eastern Wairarapa Ecological District Survey report for the Protected Natural Areas Programme ABRIDGED EDITION FEBRUARY 2005 Eastern Wairarapa Ecological District Survey report for the Protected Natural Areas Programme ABRIDGED EDITION FEBRUARY 2005 Sarah M. Beadel, C. James Bibby, Alison J. Perfect, Aalbert Rebergen, John Sawyer Published by: Department of Conservation Wellington Conservancy P. O. Box 5086 Wellington, New Zealand This publication originated from work done under Department of Conservation contract No. 221 carried out by Wildland Consultants Ltd. It was approved for publication by the Conservator: Wellington Conservancy, Department of Conservation, Wellington. Prepared by Sarah M. Beadel1, C. James Bibby1, Alison J. Perfect2, Aalbert Rebergen3 and John Sawyer4 1 Wildland Consultants Ltd P.O. Box 7137 Te Ngae Rotorua 2 Department of Conservation Waikato Conservancy Private Bag 3072 Hamilton 3 Formerly: Department of Conservation, Masterton Present address: Otago Regional Council Private Bag 1954 Dunedin 9001 4 Department of Conservation Wellington Conservancy P.O. Box 5086 Wellington © 2002 Department of Conservation ISBN: 0-478-XXXXXXXXX ISSN: 0112-9252 Cover photo: Maungapakeha Taipo, a site of biological significance in Eastern Wairarapa Ecological District. Photo: The late Tim Harington. Foreword This report is an introduction to the Eastern Wairarapa Ecological District, a vast expanse of land to the east of the lower North Island and the third largest ecological district in New Zealand. In particular it describes the most significant natural areas that are not already protected for nature conservation. The Department of Conservation has recommended that these natural areas be protected so that the natural character of the district may be preserved. -
A.N.P.S.A. Fern Study Group Newsletter Number 130
A.N.P.S.A. Fern Study Group Newsletter Number 130 ISSN 1837-008X DATE: April, 2014 LEADER: Peter Bostock, PO Box 402, KENMORE, Qld 4069. Tel. a/h: 07 32026983, mobile: 0421 113 955; email: [email protected] TREASURER: Dan Johnston, 9 Ryhope St, BUDERIM, Qld 4556. Tel 07 5445 6069, mobile: 0429 065 894; email: [email protected] NEWSLETTER EDITOR: Dan Johnston, contact as above. SPORE BANK: Barry White, 34 Noble Way, SUNBURY, Vic. 3429. Tel: 03 9740 2724 email: [email protected] Program for South-east Queensland Region Dan Johnston / Peter Bostock Thursday, 1st May, 2014 to Sunday 4th May, 2014. Excursion based in Kyogle in northern NSW. We intend to investigate fern areas in the Richmond Range, Tweed Range, and possibly Nightcap Range. Details will be worked out at the time, but likely spots to be visited include the Murray Scrub in the Richmond Range and Brindle Creek in the Tweed Range. Sunday, 1st June, 2014. Meet at 9:30am at Claire Shackel’s place, 19 Arafura St, Upper Mt Gravatt. Subject: Fern Propagation (tentative). Sunday, 6th July, 2014. Meet at the home of Wendy and Dan Johnston at 9 Ryhope St, Buderim. Subject: to be advised. In the Sunshine Coast section of the Brisbane UBD Street Directory Map 78 Ref F2. Ryhope Street is T shaped and our home is on the left at the end of the left branch of the T. This was formerly 57Amaroo Drive (disconnected from the main part of Amaroo Drive), and some maps and car GPS devices still think that is the address.