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Migration Profile of the Republic of Korea of Republic the of Profile Migration Migration Profile of the Migration Profile of the Republic of Korea Republic of Korea Research Report IOM MRTC Research Report Series No. 2011-01 International Organization for Migration 2 0 1 1 - 0 1 IOM MRTC Research Report Series No. 2011-01 Migration Profile of the Republic of Korea Migration Profile of the Migration Profile of the Republic of Korea Republic of Korea Jung-Eun Oh·Dong Kwan Kang·Julia Jiwon Shin·Sang-lim Lee·Seung Bok Lee·Kiseon Chung www.iom-mrtc.org International Organization for Migration 9 3 3 0 0 1 3 9 7 8 8 9 9 7 1 1 8 1 6 8 9 7 7 2 2 3 3 8 9 2 0 0 4 ISBN 978-89-97118-16-8 ISSN 2233-8926 IOM 이민정책연구원 2010-2011년 IOM 이민정책연구원 연구보고서 시리즈 The Migration Research and Training Centre of the International Organization for Migration 2010-2011 IOM MRTC Research Report Series Republic of Korea 한국인의 국민정체성과 이민관련 태도 연구 (정기선, 이선미, 김석호, 이상림, 박성일) IOM 이민정책연구원(MRTC: Migration Research and Training Centre)은 대한민국정부와 국제이주기구(IOM)간 특별 2010 - 06 Korean National Identity and Migration-related Attitudes 협정에 의해 설립된 독립적인 연구교육기관입니다. 본원은 정부와 지역사회, 이민자 및 그 가족 모두에게 이익이 되도록 (Kiseon Chung, Seon Mi Lee, Seokho Kim, Sang-lim Lee, Seong Il Park) 정부의 이민정책 수립과 실행에 필요한 정보를 제공하고 개선하도록 돕습니다. 본원은 아시아 지역 및 세계 각국의 인구이동 대한민국 이민정책 프로파일 (오정은, 강동관, 신지원, 이상림, 이승복, 정기선) 추이와 시행중인 이민정책에 초점을 둠으로써 인적자원의 보다 자유로운 국제이동을 촉진하는데 기여할 것이며, 특히 한 2011 - 01 MigrationProfileoftheRepublicofKorea 국을 비롯한 아시아 지역에 대한 정책적 함의를 도출하고자 노력할 것입니다. 주요활동은 다음과 같습니다. (Jung-Eun Oh, Dong Kwan Kang, Julia Jiwon Shin, Sang-lim Lee, Seung Bok Lee, Kiseon Chung) •이민관련 조사 및 연구수행 •관련 정보 교환 및 자문 제공 •국내외 이민법 및 이민정책 관련 실무자와 전문가 교육 •국제교류 및 협력프로그램 운영 경기도 외국인 정책 종합계획: 경기도 이민정책의 기본방향 연구 (정기선, 강동관, 오정은, 조영희, 최서리, 신지원, 김혜순, 김환학) The IOM MRTC is an independent research and training institution created through a special partnership between 2011 - 02 Comprehensive Plan of Immigration Policies in Gyeonggi Province, Korea: the Korean government and the International Organization for Migration. The MRTC is committed to informing Research on the Basic Directions of Gyeonggi Province's Migration Policies (Kiseon Chung, Dong Kwan Kang, Jung-Eun Oh, Younghee Cho, Seori Choi, Julia Jiwon Shin, and improving policy making and management practices in migration for the mutual benefit of governments, local Hye-Soon Kim, Hwan-Hak Kim) communities, and migrants and their families. The MRTC focuses on human mobility trends and migration policies and practices in Asia and around the world, including those intended to encourage the freer international movement of 이민의 경제적 효과: 경기도지역을 중심으로 (강동관, 이해춘, 임응순, 양정모) human resources, drawing implications for Korea and the Asia region in particular. Its main activities include: 2011 - 03 Local Economic Impact of Migration in Gyeonggi Province, Korea •Conducting migration-related surveys and research, (DongKwan Kang, Hae-Chun Rhee, Eungsoon Lim, Jungmo Yang) •Promoting related information exchange and providing advisory services, 이주근로자의 적응과 효과적 귀환을 위한 통합정책: 인력개발교육과 국제협력을 중심으로 •Training practitioners and specialists on international and national migration laws, policies and practices, (신지원, 허준영, 최서리, 신예진, 문광민) •Hosting or otherwise supporting international exchange and cooperation programmes. 2011 - 04 Integration Policy for Migrant Workers in Korea: With Special Reference to Training and International Cooperation 국제이주기구(IOM: International Organization for Migration)는 1951년에 설립된 이주분야의 선도적 정부간기구입니다. (Julia Jiwon Shin, Jun-young Hur, Seori Choi, Yejin Shin, Kwang-Min Moon) 국제이주기구는 인도적이고 질서 있는 이주가 이주자 및 사회를 이롭게 한다는 원칙하에, 이를 실현하기 위해 국제사회의 불법체류자 현황분석 및 관리정책 연구 (이상림, 정영탁) 여러 파트너와 함께 다음과 같은 활동을 하고 있습니다. 2011 - 05 Study on Irregularization Pattern of Immigrants in Korea •증가 추세에 있는 이주문제에 대한 실질적 해결방안 지원 •이주문제에 대한 이해 제고 (Sang-lim Lee, Youngtak Jeong) •이주를 통한 사회적, 경제적 발전도모 •이주자의 인간존엄성 및 안녕 보장 글로벌 인재유치를 위한 비자제도 활용 방안: 교수 및 박사급 외국인고급인력을 중심으로 (오정은, 김경미, 김병철, 이승복) Established in 1951, IOM is the leading intergovernmental organization in the field of migration. IOM is committed 2011 - 06 Study on the Development of Effective Visa System for Attracting High-Skilled Migrants to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. IOM acts with its partners in the (Jung-Eun Oh, Kyung-Mi Kim, Byung-Chul Kim, Seung Bok Lee) international community to: •Assist in meeting the growing operational challenges of migration management, 본 연구원 연구보고서는 한국어 본문과 국·영문 요약이 함께 제공됩니다. 더 자세한 정보는 홈페이지를 참조하세요. • Advance understanding of migration issues, MRTC research reports are usually presented in Korean, with Korean and English summaries. •Encourage social and economic development through migration, Please check the MRTC website for more information. •Uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants. IOM 이민정책연구원 출판물은 본원과 홈페이지를 통해서 책자 및 전자파일로 받아보실 수 있습니다. IOM MRTC publications, in both hard copy and electronic formats, are available from: 본 연구가 수행될 수 있도록 적극 지원해 주신 법무부 출입국외국인정책본부, 경기도, 고양시 및 국내 협력 기관에 IOM 이민정책연구원 IOM MRTC 깊이 감사드립니다. 경기도 고양시 일산동구 장항2동 Western Tower IV, 8th Floor, 868 Janghang 2-dong The MRTC expresses its deep appreciation for the support and guidance it receives from its partners in Korea, 868번지 웨스턴타워 4동 8층 410 - 838 Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do in particular: The Ministry of Justice and the Korea Immigration Service, Gyeonggi-do and Goyang-si. Republic of Korea 410-838 Tel: +82.31.920 5600 | Fax : +82.31.920 5660 | Email : [email protected] | Homepage : www.iom-mrtc.org Migration Profile of the Republic of Korea IOM MRTCResearch Report Series No. 2011-01 Abstract: This research report presents the Migration Profile for the Republic of Korea (hereafter, Korea). The report adapts and builds on the model of other migration profiles, and breaks new ground in approaching the profile exercise from the perspective of a highly developed country, and one now predominantly characterized by inward migration. The process of developing the Profile is briefly described and highlights the intention for this Profile to serve as both a consultative process and, ultimately, a definitive resource. The Profile examines the demographic, socio-economic, cultural and historic context of migration in Korea. It presents an analysis of the current migration situation in Korea from both i ts i nward and outwards aspects. I t al so revi ews mi gration policy governance including related laws, migrants support programmes, internal and external actors, and other related information. The Profile concludes by suggesting some key implications for future migration policy development for Korea, but does not intend to or attempt to set out a comprehensive new migration policy framework. It is intended to inform those concerned with developing such new policies for Korea. Keywords: Korea, migration profile, immigration, emigration, basic plan, social integration, migration data Citation: Jung-Eun Oh, Dong Kwan Kang, Julia Jiwon Shin, Sang-lim Lee, Seung Bok Lee, Kiseon Chung. 2011. Migration Profile of the Republic of Korea. IOM MRTC Research Report Series, No. 2011-01. IOM Migration Research and Training Centre. Goyang-si, Republic of Korea. Languages: English Publishing Information Date: January 2012 Published by: The IOM Migration Research and Training Centre Western Tower IV, 8th fl., No. 868 Janghang 2-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea 410-838 © 2012 ©The Migration Research and Training Centre of the International Organization for Migration (IOM MRTC) The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Organization for Migration or the IOM Migration Research and Training Centre. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM or IOM MRTC concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. Contents I. Introduction ························································································ 1 1. Purpose ···································································································· 1 2. Profile Process ······················································································· 3 3. Key Definitions ······················································································· 4 Ⅱ. Korea’s Migration Context ······························································· 8 1. Demographic Context ············································································ 8 2. Economic Context ················································································· 11 a. Overall Economic Conditions ························································· 11 b. Labor Market ··················································································· 12 c. Migration and Labor Policy ··························································· 18 3. Cultural Context ···················································································· 21 a. Korean National Identity ······························································· 21 b. Limited Exposure to Foreign Cultures ········································ 23 4. International Context ··········································································· 26 a. Normalization of Diplomatic Relations with Communist
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