A Representative Marine Reserve System for Western
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Faunal Analysis of the Cheyne Beach Whaling Station 1845–1877
AUSTRALASIAN HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY, 23, 2005 The Archaeology of Subsistence on the Maritime Frontier: Faunal Analysis of the Cheyne Beach Whaling Station 1845–1877 MARTIN GIBBS The mid-nineteenth-century shore-based whaling stations scattered along the western and southern Western Australian coasts were often at the extreme edge of the frontier of European settlement. This paper explores the archaeological evidence for food supply at the Cheyne Beach whaling station, northeast of Albany. It establishes that, despite the difficulties of supply, the occupants of the station retained a heavy reliance on sheep in preference to either salted meats or readily accessible native fauna. It is suggested that this may have been a result of dietary preference, but could also result from whaling requiring a state of constant preparedness that kept the workers in the immediate vicinity of the site and unable to undertake hunting or farming activities. INTRODUCTION This paper focuses on the diet at the Cheyne Beach whaling station (1846–1877), based on an analysis of faunal In the mid-1830s the European settlers of Western Australia materials and associated foodway items recovered during attempted to revive their ailing economy by developing a excavations in 1989–91. Although the deposits are most likely whaling industry along the southern and western coasts, associated with the station manager and his family rather than hunting the winter migrations of Right whales (Eubalaena the whaling workforce, factors associated with isolation, glacialis) and Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae). seasonality and the maritime industrial nature of the Over the following decades until the late 1870s, small shore- settlement are considered, as is evidence for adaptation and based whaling stations (fisheries) were established in bays and the evolving relationship between European colonists and the on islands from Dampier Archipelago in the north, to Cape Australian environment. -
Grade 3 Unit 2 Overview Open Ocean Habitats Introduction
G3 U2 OVR GRADE 3 UNIT 2 OVERVIEW Open Ocean Habitats Introduction The open ocean has always played a vital role in the culture, subsistence, and economic well-being of Hawai‘i’s inhabitants. The Hawaiian Islands lie in the Pacifi c Ocean, a body of water covering more than one-third of the Earth’s surface. In the following four lessons, students learn about open ocean habitats, from the ocean’s lighter surface to the darker bottom fl oor thousands of feet below the surface. Although organisms are scarce in the deep sea, there is a large diversity of organisms in addition to bottom fi sh such as polycheate worms, crustaceans, and bivalve mollusks. They come to realize that few things in the open ocean have adapted to cope with the increased pressure from the weight of the water column at that depth, in complete darkness and frigid temperatures. Students fi nd out, through instruction, presentations, and website research, that the vast open ocean is divided into zones. The pelagic zone consists of the open ocean habitat that begins at the edge of the continental shelf and extends from the surface to the ocean bottom. This zone is further sub-divided into the photic (sunlight) and disphotic (twilight) zones where most ocean organisms live. Below these two sub-zones is the aphotic (darkness) zone. In this unit, students learn about each of the ocean zones, and identify and note animals living in each zone. They also research and keep records of the evolutionary physical features and functions that animals they study have acquired to survive in harsh open ocean habitats. -
Acf Final Cs
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P NORTH MARINE REGION AUSTRALIA’S OCEANS: FROM ASIA TO ANTARCTICA AUSTRALIAN www.acfonline.org.au/oceans 1 1 NORTH-WEST MARINE REGION The 700,000 square kilometres of this region cover the shallow waters of the Gulf of Carpentaria and the oceans treasure map The region’s one million square kilometres contain Arafura and Timor seas. Inshore ocean life is an extensive continental shelf, diverse and influenced by the mixing of freshwater runoff from productive coral reefs and some of the best examples Australia’s oceans are the third largest and most Without our oceans, Australia’s environment, tropical rainfall and wind and storm-driven surges of tropical and arid-zone mangroves in the world. of sea water. Many turtles, dugongs, dolphins and diverse on Earth. Three major oceans, five climate economy, society and culture would be very The breeding and feeding grounds for a number of seabirds travel through the area. threatened migratory species are found here along Christmas zones, varied underwater seascapes and mighty different. They are our lifestyle-support system. But Island currents bring together an amazing wealth of ocean they have suffered from our use and less than five 2 with large turtle and seabird populations. 2 Cocos treasures. This map shows you where to find them. per cent is free of fishing and offshore oil and gas. e Ara in fura C R Keeling r any eg a ons io Islands M n Tor Norfolk res rth Island Australia has the world’s largest area of coral reefs, To protect our ocean treasures Australia needs to: o Strait TIMOR N DARWIN Van Diemen Raine Island the largest single reef−the Great Barrier Reef−and • create a network of marine national parks free of SEA Rise Wessel the largest seagrass meadow in Shark Bay. -
WA999 Wallabi Group
999 WA HOUTMAN ABROLHOS - WALLABI GROUP WALLABI - ABROLHOS HOUTMAN SEE RELATED PUBLICATIONS: Notice to Mariners (http://www.transport.wa.gov.au/imarine/coastaldata/), Symbols, Abbreviations DEPTHS IN METRES and Terms (INT 1), Tide Tables, Sailing Directions. For surveys beyond this chart refer to RAN Charts AUS 83 and AUS 751. E= 7 52 000 E= 7 60 000 E= 7 68 000 E= 7 76 000 34' 35' 36' 37' 38' 39' 113°40' E 41' 42' 43' 44' 45' 46' 47' 48' 49' 52 46 44 43 42 44 28° 13' 24" S 51 49 113° 40' E Zone of Confidence (ZOC) Diagram 28° 13' 24" S 28° 13' 24" S HOUTMAN ABROLHOS AUSTRALIA - WEST COAST 50 48 43 CHART LAYOUT WESTERN AUSTRALIA 113° 49' 48" E 14’ 14’ 113° 49' 48" E 46 46 113° 49' 48" E 52 HOUTMAN ABROLHOS C 46 WALLABI GROUP 41 36 SCALE 1 : 50 000 000 44 72 44 46 68 DEPTHS 41 N= 23 44 Depths are shown in metres and decimetres, reduced to Sounding Datum, which is 15’ 35 approximately lowest water level. 15’ 21 B HEIGHTS Heights are shown in metres. Underlined figures are drying heights above Sounding 11 30 13 Datum. Overhead clearance heights are above Highest Astronomical Tide. All other 000 16 8 8 2 29 heights are above Mean Higher High Water. 72 128 C 68 62 POSITIONS 24 6 41 N= 6 Positions on this chart are referenced to the Map Grid of Australia, Zone 50, 18 43 Wallabi Group WA 999 Side A based on the Geocentric Datum of Australia 1994 (GDA94). -
A Review of Archaeology and Rock Art in the Dampier Archipelago
A review of archaeology and rock art in the Dampier Archipelago A report prepared for the National Trust of Australia (WA) Caroline Bird and Sylvia J. Hallam September 2006 Final draft Forward As this thoughtful and readable survey makes clear, the Burrup Peninsula and adjacent islands merit consideration as an integrated cultural landscape. Instead, the Western Australian government is sacrificing it to proclaimed industrial necessity that could have been located in a less destructive area. Before being systematically recorded, this ancient art province is divided in piecemeal fashion. Consequently, sites that are not destroyed by development become forlorn islands in an industrial complex. Twenty-five years ago the Australian Heritage Commission already had noted the region’s potential for World Heritage nomination. Today, State and corporate authorities lobby to prevent its listing even as a National Heritage place! This is shameful treatment for an area containing perhaps the densest concentration of engraved motifs in the world. The fact that even today individual motifs are estimated vaguely to number between 500,000 and one million reflects the scandalous government failure to sponsor an exhaustive survey before planned industrial expansion. It is best described as officially sanctioned cultural vandalism, impacting upon both Indigenous values and an irreplaceable heritage for all Australians. Instead of assigning conservation priorities, since 1980 more than 1800 massive engraved rocks have been wrenched from their context and sited close to a fertilizer plant. The massive gas complex, its expansion approved, sits less than a kilometre from a unique, deeply weathered engraved panel, certainly one of Australia’s most significant ancient art survivors. -
Robert Stephens Collection Manuscript Index
ALBANY HISTORY COLLECTION ROBERT STEPHENS COLLECTION Index of Manuscript Files 1M – 541M Compiled by Beatrice Little Sue Lefroy, Local History Co-ordinator Albany History Collection, City of Albany INDEX OF ROBERT STEPHENS MANUSCRIPT FILES 1M – 541M The contents of files have been re-organized to combine duplicate or complementary material & some file numbers are no longer assigned. In this summary, the incorporations have been noted as an aid to users, & the changes are shown in italics. Some files include a copy of original documents which have been preserved separately. 1M Edward John Eyre. 2M Edward John Eyre. [4M Wardell Johnson. Incorporated into 454M] [6M White House. Incorporated into 64M] 8M Ships Articles. 9M Proclamation – Sale of Land. 10M Thomas Brooker Sherratt. 11M Conditional Pardon. File missing from collection. 12M Letter Book. S.J. Haynes. 13M Log Book of “Firth of Forth”. [Incorporates 22M] 14M G.T. Butcher. Harbour Master. Log Book. 15M Scrapbook of Albany’s Yesterdays 16M McKenzie Family House. 18M Mechanics Institute. 19M Albany Post Office. 20M Matthew Cull’s House. 21M Early Albany Punishment Stocks. [22M Walter Benjamin Hill. Incorporated into 13M] 23M Letters Robert Stephens – W.A. Newspapers. 24M Arthur Mason – Surveyor. 25M Roman Catholic Church. 26M King George Sound. 1828 - 1829. 27M King George Sound Settlement. 28M Customs Houses & Warehouses. 29M Albany Town Jetty. 30M Louis Freycinet Journals. 31M Albany - notes on history. 33M Albany 1857. 34M Civil Service Journal 1929. 36M Explorers of King George Sound. 37M The Rotunda. Queen Victoria Jubilee. Stirling Terrace. 38M Point King Lighthouse. 39M Octagon Church, Albany. 40M Nornalup. -
Special Issue3.7 MB
Volume Eleven Conservation Science 2016 Western Australia Review and synthesis of knowledge of insular ecology, with emphasis on the islands of Western Australia IAN ABBOTT and ALLAN WILLS i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 2 METHODS 17 Data sources 17 Personal knowledge 17 Assumptions 17 Nomenclatural conventions 17 PRELIMINARY 18 Concepts and definitions 18 Island nomenclature 18 Scope 20 INSULAR FEATURES AND THE ISLAND SYNDROME 20 Physical description 20 Biological description 23 Reduced species richness 23 Occurrence of endemic species or subspecies 23 Occurrence of unique ecosystems 27 Species characteristic of WA islands 27 Hyperabundance 30 Habitat changes 31 Behavioural changes 32 Morphological changes 33 Changes in niches 35 Genetic changes 35 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 36 Degree of exposure to wave action and salt spray 36 Normal exposure 36 Extreme exposure and tidal surge 40 Substrate 41 Topographic variation 42 Maximum elevation 43 Climate 44 Number and extent of vegetation and other types of habitat present 45 Degree of isolation from the nearest source area 49 History: Time since separation (or formation) 52 Planar area 54 Presence of breeding seals, seabirds, and turtles 59 Presence of Indigenous people 60 Activities of Europeans 63 Sampling completeness and comparability 81 Ecological interactions 83 Coups de foudres 94 LINKAGES BETWEEN THE 15 FACTORS 94 ii THE TRANSITION FROM MAINLAND TO ISLAND: KNOWNS; KNOWN UNKNOWNS; AND UNKNOWN UNKNOWNS 96 SPECIES TURNOVER 99 Landbird species 100 Seabird species 108 Waterbird -
Great Australian Bight BP Oil Drilling Project
Submission to Senate Inquiry: Great Australian Bight BP Oil Drilling Project: Potential Impacts on Matters of National Environmental Significance within Modelled Oil Spill Impact Areas (Summer and Winter 2A Model Scenarios) Prepared by Dr David Ellis (BSc Hons PhD; Ecologist, Environmental Consultant and Founder at Stepping Stones Ecological Services) March 27, 2016 Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 2 Executive Summary ................................................................................................ 4 Summer Oil Spill Scenario Key Findings ................................................................. 5 Winter Oil Spill Scenario Key Findings ................................................................... 7 Threatened Species Conservation Status Summary ........................................... 8 International Migratory Bird Agreements ............................................................. 8 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 11 Methods .................................................................................................................... 12 Protected Matters Search Tool Database Search and Criteria for Oil-Spill Model Selection ............................................................................................................. 12 Criteria for Inclusion/Exclusion of Threatened, Migratory and Marine -
Port Related Structures on the Coast of Western Australia
Port Related Structures on the Coast of Western Australia By: D.A. Cumming, D. Garratt, M. McCarthy, A. WoICe With <.:unlribuliuns from Albany Seniur High Schoul. M. Anderson. R. Howard. C.A. Miller and P. Worsley Octobel' 1995 @WAUUSEUM Report: Department of Matitime Archaeology, Westem Australian Maritime Museum. No, 98. Cover pholograph: A view of Halllelin Bay in iL~ heyday as a limber porl. (W A Marilime Museum) This study is dedicated to the memory of Denis Arthur Cuml11ing 1923-1995 This project was funded under the National Estate Program, a Commonwealth-financed grants scheme administered by the Australian HeriL:'lge Commission (Federal Government) and the Heritage Council of Western Australia. (State Govenlluent). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Heritage Council of Western Australia Mr lan Baxter (Director) Mr Geny MacGill Ms Jenni Williams Ms Sharon McKerrow Dr Lenore Layman The Institution of Engineers, Australia Mr Max Anderson Mr Richard Hartley Mr Bmce James Mr Tony Moulds Mrs Dorothy Austen-Smith The State Archive of Westem Australia Mr David Whitford The Esperance Bay HistOIical Society Mrs Olive Tamlin Mr Merv Andre Mr Peter Anderson of Esperance Mr Peter Hudson of Esperance The Augusta HistOIical Society Mr Steve Mm'shall of Augusta The Busselton HistOlical Societv Mrs Elizabeth Nelson Mr Alfred Reynolds of Dunsborough Mr Philip Overton of Busselton Mr Rupert Genitsen The Bunbury Timber Jetty Preservation Society inc. Mrs B. Manea The Bunbury HistOlical Society The Rockingham Historical Society The Geraldton Historical Society Mrs J Trautman Mrs D Benzie Mrs Glenis Thomas Mr Peter W orsley of Gerald ton The Onslow Goods Shed Museum Mr lan Blair Mr Les Butcher Ms Gaye Nay ton The Roebourne Historical Society. -
HOLT Earth Science
HOLT Earth Science Directed Reading Name Class Date Skills Worksheet Directed Reading Section: What Is Earth Science? 1. For thousands of years, people have looked at the world and wondered what shaped it. 2. How did cultures throughout history attempt to explain events such as vol- cano eruptions, earthquakes, and eclipses? 3. How does modern science attempt to understand Earth and its changing landscape? THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF EARTH ______ 4. Scientists in China began keeping records of earthquakes as early as a. 200 BCE. b. 480 BCE. c. 780 BCE. d. 1780 BCE. ______ 5. What kind of catalog did the ancient Greeks compile? a. a catalog of rocks and minerals b. a catalog of stars in the universe c. a catalog of gods and goddesses d. a catalog of fashion ______ 6. What did the Maya track in ancient times? a. the tides b. the movement of people and animals c. changes in rocks and minerals d. the movements of the sun, moon, and planets ______ 7. Based on their observations, the Maya created a. jewelry. b. calendars. c. books. d. pyramids. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Earth Science 7 Introduction to Earth Science Name Class Date Directed Reading continued ______ 8. For a long time, scientific discoveries were limited to a. observations of phenomena that could be made with the help of scientific instruments. b. observations of phenomena that could not be seen, only imagined. c. myths and legends surrounding phenomena. d. observations of phenomena that could be seen with the unaided eye. -
Design Inspiration for the Swan River Crossings Project
Design Inspiration for the Swan River Crossings Project The Government of Western Australia acknowledges the traditional custodians throughout Western Australia and their continuing connection to the land, waters and community. We pay our respects to all members of the Aboriginal communities and their cultures; and to Elders both past and present. Introduction The Swan River Crossings Project will improve The Whadjuk Nyoongar people have shared journeys over land and water. The multi-modal stories about the area which have been carried transport project will replace the Fremantle Traffic over thousands of years, when Wadjemup Bridge, upgrade rail for passengers and freight, (Rottnest Island) was still connected to the improve pedestrian and cycling infrastructure mainland. The arrival of European settlers in the across the Swan River at Fremantle, while also 19th Century saw the new colony develop quickly making the river channel safer for boats. into a thriving port and commercial centre. Two new bridges (one road and one rail) will be With the pace of development, four different built between the existing rail bridge and the iterations of the road bridge at our project existing Fremantle Traffic Bridge. location provided versions of safe passage for people to cross between north and south. New cycling and walking paths will transform the way people can move more sustainably into and We invite you to find out more about this place out of Fremantle and access riverside paths. and its many stories, before responding to our online survey or participating at one of our This next phase of consultation is all about Design. -
Dampier Port Upgrade to 145 Mtpa Capacity
Dampier Port Increase in Throughput to 145 Mtpa ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STATEMENT Rev 5 September 2007 Dampier Port Increase in throughput to 145 Mtpa ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION STATEMENT Rev 5 September 2007 Sinclair Knight Merz 7th Floor, Durack Centre 263 Adelaide Terrace PO Box H615 Perth WA 6001 Australia Tel: +61 8 9268 4400 Fax: +61 8 9268 4488 Web: www.skmconsulting.com COPYRIGHT: The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Sinclair Knight Merz Pty Ltd. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written permission of Sinclair Knight Merz constitutes an infringement of copyright. LIMITATION: This report has been prepared on behalf of and for the exclusive use of Sinclair Knight Merz Pty Ltd’s Client, and is subject to and issued in connection with the provisions of the agreement between Sinclair Knight Merz and its Client. Sinclair Knight Merz accepts no liability or responsibility whatsoever for or in respect of any use of or reliance upon this report by any third party. The SKM logo is a trade mark of Sinclair Knight Merz Pty Ltd. © Sinclair Knight Merz Pty Ltd, 2006 Environmental Protection Statement Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 The Proposal 1 1.2.1 Proposal Title 1 1.3 The Proponent 2 1.4 Licensing/Approvals 3 1.5 Current Environmental Approval Process 3 1.5.1 Ministerial Conditions (120 Mtpa) 4 1.5.2 Other Approvals 7 1.6 Project Schedule 8 1.7 Structure of this Document 8 2. Project Justification and Evaluation of Alternatives 11 2.1 Project Justification 11 2.2 Evaluation of Alternatives 11 2.2.1 Development Options beyond 120 Mtpa 11 2.3 No Development Option 12 3.