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Nc Basinwide Water Quality Management and Weti.And Restoration Plans Include Nhp Information

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Nc Basinwide Water Quality Management and Weti.And Restoration Plans Include Nhp Information 1999 Division of Parks and Recreation, MSC 1615, Raleigh, NC 27699-1615 NOTES FROM THE NORTH CAROLINA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM NC BASINWIDE WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND WETI.AND RESTORATION PLANS INCLUDE NHP INFORMATION The biodiversity in aquatic the rare species and high-quality aquatic, riparian, and wetland habitats ecosystems of the southeastern wetland and riverine natural in each river basin and provides this United States has become a hot topic communities in each of the state's 17 information to the DWQ. This in ·tonservation. The diversity of river basins. This information is information highlights aquatic and animal and plant species living in the included in Basinwide Water Quality wetland natur,al areas as well as streams, rivers, and lakes of the Management Plans prepared by DWQ clusters of important terrestrial sites. Southeast has been the subject of for each river basin and associated To date, Natural Heritage Program recent studies by The Nature wetlands. information has been incorporated Conservancy and the World Wildlife Basinwide management is a into the following basinwide plans: Fund and has been brought to the watershed-based approach to water Broad, Catawba, Chowan, Hiwassee, attention of people worldwide by quality protection. A basinwide plan Lumber, Neuse, Pasquotank, colorful articles in National Geographic is prepared for each river basin in Savannah, Tar-Pamlico, and Yadkin magazine. Yet, while the plentiful order to communicate the state's rivers. As DWQ develops plans for array of species that inhabit freshwater rationale, approaches, and other river basins, the Natural ecosystems in the Southeast is recommended long-term water quality Heritage Program will be sure to celebrated, the survival of many of management strategies for each basin continue to communicate the these species is dependent on to policy makers, the regulated important relationsh j_e between water maintaining or improving water quality community, and the general public. quality and aquatic biodiversity in in this habitat. Given the current The draft plans are circulated for North Carolina's waters. condition of the water quality in some public review and comment, re­ of the rivers and streams in the evaluated, and updated at five-year Southeast, it is no surprise that many intervals. Ann Prince, freshwater aquatic species are The Natural Heritage Program Environmental Biologist imperiled. consults its Biological Conservation For the past two years, the North Database and GIS coverages to Carolina Natural Heritage Program has determine which species, natural Amalie Couvillion, provided information to the NC communities, and significant priority Former Protection Specialist Division of Water Quality (DWQ) on lands are directly associated with NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES James B. Hunt Jr., Governor Bill Holman, Secretary PROTECTION REALITY f OR WATERFALLS, WETLANDS AND WHITE CEDAR Jocassee Gori:es Horsepasture River gorge have several rare animals. The spray become state game lands. Most zones of waterfalls and rapids are The recent conclusion of negotiations of the Thompson River gorge has home to the largest number of rare and securing of funds has cleared the been purchased by the U.S. plants, but others occur on drier way for public acquisition of one of Forest Service, which already rocks, in rich coves, and in other the most ecologically valuable natural owns part of the Horsepasture forest communities. Perhaps the landscapes in the southeastern gorge and most of the most famous rare plant is the Appalachians and North Carolina. Whitewater River gorge. New Oconee bells, a small herb with Known for a hundred years to park trails and facilities will bring showy white flowers. Found only in naturalists and botanists as a treasure parts of this spectacular area eastern Asia and North America, garden of rare species, the area has within easier reach of the public. this relative of galax has its entire been called the Gorges, Jocassee In addition to its rugged North American population along Gorges, and the "Embayment." The beauty, the greatest natural the Blue Ridge escarpment in two region, located where the steep significance of this region is its limited areas; the three gorges eastern face of the Blue Ridge turns unusual collection of rare species. being acquired have most of the westward along the South Carolina A total of 50 rare plant species world's native populations. Less border, with its relatively warm and are known to exist within the showy, but equally interesting, are extremely wet climate (over 80 inches three gorges acquired, along with the 20 rare nonvascular plants of rainfall a year), creates a unique (mosses, liverworts, and lichens) in setting within the Blue Ridge. Several the area, the largest collection in small rivers have carved the mountain North Carolina. Eleven of these face into a rugged topography of have global ranks of G1 or G2, the plunging waterfalls, overhanging crags rarest categories. Some are limited and cliffs, and vast forested slopes. to this general area while other Perhaps the most significant species, common in the tropics, accomplishment of the purchase of have this as their only temperate the region is the acquisition of three zone occurrence. Another notable of these rivers and the surrounding tropical connection is the filmy landscapes. Approximately 6700 fern, tiny ferns with fronds only acres in the Toxaway River gorge have one cell thick, which are found on become the new Gorges State Park spray-wetted rock faces along and another 3000 acres in the streams. concentration of the distinctive deep water cypress swamps, to Horseshoe Lake (Su22s oriented, oval depression land dense beds of water lilies, to Millpond) and Marshy Bay forms known as Carolina bays. unique floating mats of sedges and The tract includes at least six pitcher plants. The floating mats Acquired by the Wildlife Resources medium to large bays as well as are reminiscent of the quaking bogs Commission from a timber sandy uplands with longleaf pine of the glaciated North. corporation, this 9700 acre tract has vegetation. Horseshoe Lake become a game land. A Natural itself occurs in a large Carolina The rest of the bays support fully Heritage Program priority for at least bay, whose outlet was dammed natural peatland communities, 15 years, Horseshoe Lake is located decades ago to create a millpond. primarily tall, nearly impenetrable in the Bladen Lakes region of the The combination of the pond High Pocosin and Pond Pine Coastal Plain, near the Cape Fear with the peatland vegetation of Woodland, but also include some River southeast of Fayetteville. This the bay has evolved into Atlantic White Cedar Forest. The region is famous for having the largest distinctive communities, from longleaf pine communities range 2 from Wet Pine Flatwoods to rare plants and animals live in the threadleaf sundew and Venus extremely dry Xeric Sandhill Scrub varied habitats, including alliga­ flytrap in the Wet Pine Flatwoods, (Sand Barren Variant) with its tors and anhingas around the and white wicky, a white-flowered glaring white sand and distinctive open water, northern white bog relative of mountain laurel, which plants and animals. A number of sedge on the floating mats, occurs in the Pond Pine Woodlands. Buckrld&e Water Management Trust Fund, pine woodland, Atlantic white cedar <Buck Island Bay Forest} and USFWS, DENR's Division of forests and cypress-gum swamps. Coastal Management purchased The 17,734 acre Buckridge tract, a the land to make it a state coastal Ann Prince, Environmental Biologist critical wildlife corridor between the reserve. Most of the tract is Alligator River and Pocosin Lakes peatland supporting maturing National Wildlife Refuges, is located Nonriverine Swamp Forest. Red in southeastern Tyrrell County, at wolf, black bear, American alliga­ the large bend in the Alligator River. tor and more than 30 species of With funding obtained from the breeding, neotropical migratory NC Natural Heritage·Trust, Clean birds inhabit Buckridge's pond NEW REGISTRIES 1999: CHAMPION CONSERVES RIPARIAN BUFFER ON THE UPPER TAR The Upper Tar River Basin is home to two of the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, nation's most biologically diverse freshwater subbasins and the North Carolina Department of Environ­ - - Swift Creek and Fishing Creek. The federally ment and Natural Resources. Champion has endangered .Tar spinymussel (Elfiptio steinstansana), agreed to place 200-foot buffers along portions of endemic to North Carolina, occurs in both subbasins. eight streams within their ownership. The buffer The dwarf wedgemussel (Alasmidonta heterodon), includes a SO-foot (or to the top of the natural also federally endangered, occurs in the Fishing Creek levee, if this is greater) preservation zone directly subbasin. Eight other rare mussels, as well as numer­ adjacent to the stream . The remaining portion of ous rare fishes, amphibians, and birds, occur in the the buffer is managed for conservation, allowing Upper Tar. low-intensity selective harvest according to a prescription defined in the memorandum. To conserve this watershed's irreplaceable aquatic Champion's buffers encompass 800 acres on 40 diversity, Champion International Paper Company separate tracts within eight counties and include has entered into a memorandum-of-understanding over 30 miles of streamside buffer. The riparian with The Nature Conservancy, the U.S. Fish and buffers will be added to the NC Registry of Natural Wildlife Service, North Carolina Partners in Flight, the Heritage Areas, which now totals 601,933 acres. NEWLY DEDICATED NATURE PRESERVES Dedicated nature preserves in North Carolina in­ South Mountains) and one state natural area (Run creased by approximately 16,000 acres in 1998 to a Hill). The following list summarizes the features of total of 58,000. Of this total, about one-fifth each dedicated area : occurred on lands owned by The Nature Conser­ vancy at Grandfather Mountain and Bluff Mountain, South Mountains State Park, Burke County (11,043 and by the Triangle Land Conservancy at Swift Creek acres) .
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