Rapid Assessment Program Programme D’Évaluation Rapide
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Rapid Assessment Program Programme d’évaluation rapide A Rapid Marine Biodiversity Assessment of the Coral Reefs of RAP the Northwest Lagoon, between Bulletin Koumac and Yandé, Province of Biological Nord, New Caledonia Assessment Evaluation rapide de la biodiversité marine des récifs 53 coralliens du lagon Nord-ouest entre Koumac et Yandé, province Nord, Nouvelle-Calédonie Editors / Edité par Sheila A. McKenna, Nathalie Baillon and Jérôme Spaggiari Center for Applied Biodiversity sCienCe (CABs) ConservAtion internAtionAl – pACifiC islAnd proGrAM direCtion dU developpeMent eConoMiQUe et de l’environneMent de lA provinCe nord CorAl reef initiAtives for tHe pACifiC (Crisp) seCretAriAt for tHe pACifiC reGionAl environMent proGrAM (sprep) Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Marine Biodiversity Assessment of the Coral Reefs of RAP the Northwest Lagoon, between Bulletin Koumac and Yandé, Province of Biological Nord, New Caledonia Assessment Editors 53 Sheila A. McKenna, Nathalie Baillon and Jérôme Spaggiari Center for Applied Biodiversity sCienCe (CABs) ConservAtion internAtionAl – pACifiC islAnd proGrAM direCtion dU developpeMent eConoMiQUe et de l’environneMent de lA provinCe nord CorAl reef initiAtives for tHe pACifiC (Crisp) seCretAriAt for tHe pACifiC reGionAl environMent proGrAM (sprep) The RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment is published by: Center for Applied Biodiversity Science Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22202 USA Tel: +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Editors: Sheila A. McKenna, Nathalie Baillon and Jérôme Spaggiari Design: Glenda Fabregas Map: [ALMEC] (base map): Debra Fischman Conservation International is a private, non-profit organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501 c (3) of the Internal Revenue Code. ISBN 978-1-934151-33-4 ©2009 by Conservation International All rights reserved. The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Conservation International or its supporting organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Any opinions expressed in the RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment are those of the writers and do not necessarily reflect those of CI. Printed on recycled paper. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment was formerly RAP Working Papers. Numbers 1–13 of this series were published under the previous title. Suggested citation: McKenna S.A., N. Baillon, and J. Spaggiari. (2009). Rapid Marine Biodiversity Assessment of the coral reefs of the northwest lagoon, between Koumac and Yandé, Province Nord, New Caledonia. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 53. Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA. Cover photos: Hard corals. © Roger Grace The Fairy tern (Sterna nereis exul) has recently been uplisted to vulnerable in the IUCN red list of globally threatened species. In New Caledonia this small white tern is the most threaten known breeding seabirds and particularly sensitive to difficult weather conditions and to human disturbance. ©Nicolas Barré Table of Contents / Table des Matieres English version French version Participants and Authors ......................................................... 5 Coordonnées des auteurs ...................................................... 74 Organizational Profiles ............................................................. 6 Présentation et coordonnées des organisations partenaires du projet .............................................................. 75 Acknowledgements .................................................................. 9 Remerciements ........................................................................ 78 Executive Summary................................................................. 10 Résumé ...................................................................................... 79 Chapter 1 .................................................................................. 18 Reef corals of the northwestern lagoon of Grande-Terre, Chapitre 1 .................................................................................. 88 New Caledonia Coraux des récifs du lagon Nord-ouest de la Grande-Terre Douglas Fenner and Paul Muir de Nouvelle-Calédonie Douglas Fenner et Paul Muir Chapter 2 ................................................................................... 33 Coral Reef Fish Diversity of the Northwestern Lagoon of Chapitre 2 ................................................................................ 105 Grande-Terre New Caledonia Diversité des poissons des récifs coralliens du lagon Vince Kerr Nord-ouest de la de la Grande Terre, Nouvelle-Calédonie Vince Kerr Chapter 3 ................................................................................... 41 Assessment of targeted marine invertebrate species Chapitre 3 ................................................................................ 113 of the northwestern lagoon of Grande-Terre (Poum to Evaluation des espèces d’invertébrés marins ciblées Koumac), New Caledonia Caroline Vieux Caroline Vieux Chapitre 4 ............................................................................... 119 Chapter 4 .................................................................................. 47 Évaluation des stocks de poissons ciblés du lagon nord- Asessment of targeted fish stocks of the northwestern ouest de la Grande Terre, Nouvelle-Calédonie lagoon of Grande-Terre, New Caledonia Roger Grace Roger Grace Chapitre 5 ............................................................................... 126 Chapter 5 .................................................................................. 54 État des récifs coralliens du lagon Nord-ouest de la Reef Condition Grande Terre, Nouvelle-Calédonie Sheila A. McKenna Sheila A. McKenna Chapter 6 ................................................................................... 64 Chapitre 6 ................................................................................ 136 Breeding seabirds of conservation interest Oiseaux nicheurs d’intérêt pour la conservation Julien Baudat-Franceschi, Jérôme Spaggiari and J Baudat-Franceschi, J Spaggiari et N Barré Nicolas Barré Rapid Marine Biodiversity Assessment of the coral reefs of the northwest lagoon, between Yandé and Koumac, Province Nord, New Caledonia 3 Table of Contents / Table des Matieres Map and Photos ..................................................................... 145 Appendix 1 / Annexe 1 .......................................................... 149 Species of reef corals observed in northwestern lagoon of Grande Terre, New Caledonia Espèces de coraux des récifs observées au lagon du nord-ouest de Grande Terre en Nouvelle Calédonie Doug Fenner and Paul Muir Appendix 2 / Annexe 2 .......................................................... 160 Reef Fish Species Recorded Over All Sites Liste des espèces de poissons récifaux identifiés sur tous les sites Vince C. Kerr Appendix 3 / Annexe 3 ........................................................... 179 List of invertebrate species Liste des espèces d’invertébrées Caroline Vieux Appendix 4 / Annexe 4........................................................... 180 Mean percent benthic cover for reef sites surveyed in the northwest lagoon (Yandé to Koumac) Recouvrement benthique moyen (exprimé en pourcentage) des différents sites recifaux etudiées dans le lagon Nord-ouest (Yandé à Koumac) In memoriam ........................................................................... 184 4 Rapid Assessment Program Participants and Authors Nicolas Barré, Ph. D. Sheila A. McKenna, Ph. D. Président de la Société calédonienne d’ornithologie - SCO Marine Ecologist BP 3135 49 Railway Trail 98846 Nouméa cedex Warwick, WK09 Nouvelle-Calédonie Bermuda Email: [email protected] Telephone: 441 232 4818 Email: [email protected] Julien Baudat-Franceschi, MSc Chargé de mission «restauration des populations d’oiseaux Paul Muir, Ph. D. marins Research Assistant Seabird restauration project officer Museum of Tropical Queensland Société calédonienne d’ornithologie - SCO 78-104 Flinders St Antenne Nord Townsville QLD 4810 Australia BP 1116 Telephone: 07 47 260 642 98860 Koné Fax: 07 47 212 093 Nouvelle - Calédonie Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Arwen Ricket, MSc Douglas Fenner, Ph. D. PO Box 2447 Coral Reef Monitoring Ecologist Lot 8, Crocodile Creek Rd Department of Marine and Wildlife Resources Cape Cleveland 4816 American Samoa Queensland, Australia PO Box 3730 Email: [email protected] Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA Jérôme Spaggiari, MSc Telephone: 684 633 4456 Chargé du programme néo-calédonien Email:[email protected] Conservation International Programme océanien - 69, avenue Koenig - Rivière Salée Roger Grace, Ph.D. BP 3135 - 98 846 Nouméa cedex Postal Distribution Centre Nouvelle-Calédonie Leigh, Auckland Telephone and fax 687 44 23 22 New Zealand Email : [email protected] Telephone: 649 425 5099 Email: [email protected] Caroline Vieux, MSc Coral Reef Management Officer Vince Kerr Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme Northland Conservancy (SPREP) Department of Conservation PO Box 240, Apia, Samoa PO Box 842, Whangarei 0140 Telephone: 685 21929 New Zealand Fax: 685 20231 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Rapid Marine Biodiversity Assessment of the coral reefs of the northwest