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Enhancing Equal Access to Opportunities for All in G20 Countries OECD Background Note for the G20 Framework Working Group
Enhancing equal access to opportunities for all in G20 countries OECD background note for the G20 Framework Working Group 2020 Enhancing equal access to opportunities for all in G20 countries OECD background note for the G20 Framework Working Group PUBE This report is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries or of the G-20 members. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Please cite this publication as: OECD (2020), “Enhancing Equal Access to Opportunities for All”, OECD Publishing, Paris. 3 Table of contents Executive summary 4 Introduction 8 Underlying long-term trends in G20 economies have been impacting access to opportunities 9 The COVID-19 pandemic poses an unprecedented challenge to G20 economies and societies, including to access to opportunities 13 Challenge 1: Enhancing access to opportunities for youth 18 Challenge 2: Enhancing access to opportunities for women through good-quality employment 29 Challenge 3: Enhancing access to opportunities for SMEs and entrepreneurs and tackling informality to ensure good-quality job opportunities 35 Challenge 4: Helping workers make best use of their skills in a changing world of work 43 Conclusion 52 References 54 Figures Figure 1. Productivity growth declined following the global financial crisis 10 Figure 2. Lower-income households in several G20 economies have benefitted little from economic growth over recent years 11 Figure 3. -
Mental Healthcare Reforms in Post-Soviet Russia OLGA SHEK
OLGA SHEK OLGA Acta Universitatis Tamperensis 2350 Mental Healthcare Reforms in Post-Soviet Russia OLGA SHEK Mental Healthcare Reforms in Post-Soviet Russia Negotiating new ideas and values AUT 2350 AUT OLGA SHEK Mental Healthcare Reforms in Post-Soviet Russia Negotiating new ideas and values ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be presented, with the permission of the Faculty Council of Social Sciences of the University of Tampere, for public discussion in the auditorium F212 of the Arvo building, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, Tampere, on 6 April 2018 at 12 o’clock. UNIVERSITY OF TAMPERE OLGA SHEK Mental Healthcare Reforms in Post-Soviet Russia Negotiating new ideas and values Acta Universitatis Tamperensis 2350 Tampere University Press Tampere 2018 ACADEMIC DISSERTATION University of Tampere, Faculty of Social Sciences Finland Supervised by Reviewed by Docent Ilkka Pietilä Docent Meri Koivusalo University of Tampere University of Tampere Finland Finland Professor Suvi Salmenniemi University of Turku Finland The originality of this thesis has been checked using the Turnitin OriginalityCheck service in accordance with the quality management system of the University of Tampere. Copyright ©2018 Tampere University Press and the author Cover design by Mikko Reinikka Acta Universitatis Tamperensis 2350 Acta Electronica Universitatis Tamperensis 1856 ISBN 978-952-03-0652-6 (print) ISBN 978-952-03-0653-3 (pdf) ISSN-L 1455-1616 ISSN 1456-954X ISSN 1455-1616 http://tampub.uta.fi Suomen Yliopistopaino Oy – Juvenes Print Tampere 2018 441 729 Painotuote ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my supervisor, Ilkka Pietila, for his continuous guidance of my PhD studies. His useful advice helped me during the research and writing of the thesis. -
USA and Russia: Relationship Between Migration, Resilience, Social Support, Happiness, Life Satisfaction, Depression, Anxiety and Stress
Curr Psychol DOI 10.1007/s12144-017-9627-3 What Does Migration Mean to Us? USA and Russia: Relationship Between Migration, Resilience, Social Support, Happiness, Life Satisfaction, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Julia Brailovskaia1 & Pia Schönfeld1 & Yakov Kochetkov 2 & Jürgen Margraf1 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2017 Abstract In the present study, migrants and non-migrants in Keywords Migration . Mental health . Russia . USA the USA and Russia were compared regrading positive and negative variables of mental health. Data of resilience (RS- 11), social support (F-SozU), happiness (SHS), life satisfac- tion (SWLS), depression, anxiety and stress symptoms Introduction (DASS-21) were collected in representative samples in Russia (non-migrants: N = 2129; migrants: N =188)andin During the last decades, migration has become an important the USA (non-migrants: N = 2191; migrants: N = 116). In topic worldwide. Different circumstances lead to migration. Russia, no significant differences between migrants and non- Personal and family related problems, economic and political migrants were found. In the USA, social support and reasons, unemployment, traumatic life events, discrimination (marginally) resilience were significantly lower in the migrant and violence in the home country can cause people to migrate sample. Cross-culturally, multiple regression analyses showed (Miyasaka et al. 2002). that for non-migrants all positive variables were associated The start and end point of the migration process are diffi- with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. In both mi- cult to define clearly. It begins already in the home country, grant samples, the associations were more specifically. includes the physical transition away from home and con- While in the US migrant sample, happiness and life satisfac- tinues in the host country involving different individual, social tion were of particular importance, in the migrant sample in and cultural, internal and external facets and factors (Bhugra Russia, happiness and social support played a significant role. -
The Poetics of Commitment in Modern Persian: a Case of Three Revolutionary Poets in Iran
The Poetics of Commitment in Modern Persian: A Case of Three Revolutionary Poets in Iran by Samad Josef Alavi A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Shahwali Ahmadi, Chair Professor Muhammad Siddiq Professor Robert Kaufman Fall 2013 Abstract The Poetics of Commitment in Modern Persian: A Case of Three Revolutionary Poets in Iran by Samad Josef Alavi Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Studies University of California, Berkeley Professor Shahwali Ahmadi, Chair Modern Persian literary histories generally characterize the decades leading up to the Iranian Revolution of 1979 as a single episode of accumulating political anxieties in Persian poetics, as in other areas of cultural production. According to the dominant literary-historical narrative, calls for “committed poetry” (she‘r-e mota‘ahhed) grew louder over the course of the radical 1970s, crescendoed with the monarch’s ouster, and then faded shortly thereafter as the consolidation of the Islamic Republic shattered any hopes among the once-influential Iranian Left for a secular, socio-economically equitable political order. Such a narrative has proven useful for locating general trends in poetic discourses of the last five decades, but it does not account for the complex and often divergent ways in which poets and critics have reconciled their political and aesthetic commitments. This dissertation begins with the historical assumption that in Iran a question of how poetry must serve society and vice versa did in fact acquire a heightened sense of urgency sometime during the ideologically-charged years surrounding the revolution. -
Was There an Armenian Genocide?
WAS THERE AN ARMENIAN GENOCIDE? GEOFFREY ROBERTSON QC’S OPINION WITH REFERENCE TO FOREIGN & COMMONWEALTH OFFICE DOCUMENTS WHICH SHOW HOW BRITISH MINISTERS, PARLIAMENT AND PEOPLE HAVE BEEN MISLED 9 OCTOBER 2009 “HMG is open to criticism in terms of the ethical dimension. But given the importance of our relations (political, strategic and commercial) with Turkey ... the current line is the only feasible option.” Policy Memorandum, Foreign & Commonwealth Office to Minister 12 April 1999 GRQCopCover9_wb.indd 1 20/10/2009 11:53 Was there an Armenian Genocide? Geoffrey Robertson QC’s Opinion 9 October 2009 NOTE ON THE AUTHOR Geoffrey Robertson QC is founder and Head of Doughty Street Chambers. He has appeared in many countries as counsel in leading cases in constitutional, criminal and international law, and served as first President of the UN War Crimes Court in Sierra Leone, where he authored landmark decisions on the limits of amnesties, the illegality of recruiting child soldiers and other critical issues in the development of international criminal law. He sits as a Recorder and is a Master of Middle Temple and a visiting professor in human rights law at Queen Mary College. In 2008, he was appointed by the Secretary General as one of three distinguished jurist members of the UN Justice Council. His books include Crimes Against Humanity: The Struggle for Global Justice; The Justice Game (Memoir) and The Tyrannicide Brief, an award-winning study of the trial of Charles I. GRQCopCover9_wb.indd 2 20/10/2009 11:53 Was there an Armenian Genocide? Geoffrey Robertson QC’s Opinion 9 October 2009 PREFACE In recent years, governments of the United Kingdom have refused to accept that the deportations and massacres of Armenians in Turkey in 1915 -16 amounted to genocide. -
Assessing the Value of Biopharmaceutical Innovation in Key Therapy Areas in Middle-Income Countries
TIM WILSDON ASSESSING THE VALUE JIM ATTRIDGE EVA FIZ OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL SATOMI GINOZA ADAM MITCHELL-HEGGS INNOVATION IN KEY THERAPY AREAS IN MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... 2 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 17 1.1. Background ............................................................................................................................18 1.2. Definition of innovation and value ..........................................................................................18 1.3. Choice of case studies and approach ...................................................................................19 1.4. The structure of the report .....................................................................................................23 2. CORONARY HEART DISEASE .......................................................................................................... 24 2.1. Evolution of treatment options for CHD .................................................................................25 2.2. Access to medicines for CHD ................................................................................................28 2.3. The value of treatment for CHD .............................................................................................34 2.4. -
Iran's Long History and Short-Term Society
IJEP International Journal of Economics and Politics Iran’s Long History and Short-Term Society 1 Homa Katouzian Oxford University,UK* ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: Iran has a long history and a short-term society. It is a country with thousands Date of submission: 27-04-2019 of years of history, the great variety of every aspect of which is at least partly Date of acceptance: 21-07-2019 responsible for the diversity of opinions and emotions among its peoples. It is an ancient land of the utmost variety in nature, art and architecture, languages, literature and culture. When the Greeks (from whom European civilisations JEL Classification: B10 descend) came across the Iranians first, Persian Iranians were ruling that country as the Persian empire, and they called it ‘Persis’. Just as when the A14 N10 Persians first came into contact with Ionian Greeks, they called the entire Greek lands ‘Ionia’. To this day Iranians refer to Greece as Ionia (=Yunan) and the Greeks as Ionians (=Yunaniyan). Thus from the ancient Greeks to 1935, Keywords: Iran was known to Europeans as Persia; then the Iranian government, prompted Iran’s Long History by their crypto-Nazi contacts in Germany, demanded that other countries Term Society officially call it Iran, largely to publicise the Aryan origins of the country. This Iran meant that, for a long time, almost the entire historical and cultural connotations of the country were lost to the West, the country often being confused with Iraq, and many if not most mistakenly thinking that it too was an Arab country. -
Women Musicians and Dancers in Post-Revolution Iran
Negotiating a Position: Women Musicians and Dancers in Post-Revolution Iran Parmis Mozafari Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Music January 2011 The candidate confIrms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. 2011 The University of Leeds Parmis Mozafari Acknowledgment I would like to express my gratitude to ORSAS scholarship committee and the University of Leeds Tetly and Lupton funding committee for offering the financial support that enabled me to do this research. I would also like to thank my supervisors Professor Kevin Dawe and Dr Sita Popat for their constructive suggestions and patience. Abstract This research examines the changes in conditions of music and dance after the 1979 revolution in Iran. My focus is the restrictions imposed on women instrumentalists, dancers and singers and the ways that have confronted them. I study the social, religious, and political factors that cause restrictive attitudes towards female performers. I pay particular attention to changes in some specific musical genres and the attitudes of the government officials towards them in pre and post-revolution Iran. I have tried to demonstrate the emotional and professional effects of post-revolution boundaries on female musicians and dancers. Chapter one of this thesis is a historical overview of the position of female performers in pre-modern and contemporary Iran. -
Social Rhythm and Mental Health: a Cross- Cultural Comparison
RESEARCH ARTICLE Social Rhythm and Mental Health: A Cross- Cultural Comparison Jürgen Margraf1*, Kristen Lavallee1,2, XiaoChi Zhang1, Silvia Schneider1 1 Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 2 Division of Developmental and Personality Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland * [email protected] Abstract Background Social rhythm refers to the regularity with which one engages in social activities throughout the week, and has established links with bipolar disorder, as well as some links with depres- sion and anxiety. The aim of the present study is to examine social rhythm and its relation- ship to various aspects of health, including physical health, negative mental health, and positive mental health. OPEN ACCESS Citation: Margraf J, Lavallee K, Zhang X, Schneider Method S (2016) Social Rhythm and Mental Health: A Cross- Cultural Comparison. PLoS ONE 11(3): e0150312. Questionnaire data were obtained from a large-scale multi-national sample of 8095 repre- doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150312 sentative participants from the U.S., Russia, and Germany. Editor: Ulrich S Tran, University of Vienna, School of Psychology, AUSTRIA Results Received: August 22, 2015 Results indicated that social rhythm irregularity is related to increased reporting of health Accepted: February 11, 2016 problems, depression, anxiety, and stress. In contrast, greater regularity is related to better overall health state, life satisfaction, and positive mental health. The effects are generally Published: March 8, 2016 small in size, but hold even when controlling for gender, marital status, education, income, Copyright: © 2016 Margraf et al. This is an open country, and social support. -
ISC Annual Report 2003-2004
Intelligence and Security Committee Annual Report 2003–2004 Chairman: The Rt. Hon. Ann Taylor, MP Intelligence Services Act 1994 Chapter 13 Cm 6240 £10.50 Intelligence and Security Committee Annual Report 2003–2004 Chairman: The Rt. Hon. Ann Taylor, MP Intelligence Services Act 1994 Chapter 13 Presented to Parliament by the Prime Minister by Command of Her Majesty JUNE 2004 Cm 6240 £10.50 ©Crown Copyright 2004 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and departmental logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Any enquiries relating to the copyright in this document should be addressed to The Licensing Division, HMSO, St Clements House, 2–16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ. Fax: 01603 723000 or e-mail: [email protected] From the Chairman: The Rt. Hon. Ann Taylor, MP INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY COMMITTEE 70 Whitehall London SW1 2AS 26 May 2004 Rt. Hon. Tony Blair, MP Prime Minister 10 Downing Street London SW1A 2AA In September 2003 the Committee produced a unanimous Report following our inquiry into Iraqi Weapons of Mass Destruction – Intelligence and Assessments. I now enclose the Intelligence and Security Committee’s Annual Report for 2003–04. This Report records how we have examined the expenditure, administration and policies of the three intelligence and security Agencies. We also report to you on a number of other Agency related matters and the wider intelligence community. -
Iraqi Weapons of Mass Destruction – Intelligence and Assessments
5972_ISC FC_BC_i 10/9/03 12:18 am Page c Intelligence and Security Committee Iraqi Weapons of Mass Destruction – Intelligence and Assessments Chairman: The Rt. Hon. Ann Taylor, MP Cm 5972 £10.50 5972_ISC FC_BC_i 10/9/03 3:11 pm Page i Intelligence and Security Committee Iraqi Weapons of Mass Destruction – Intelligence and Assessments Chairman: The Rt. Hon. Ann Taylor, MP Presented to Parliament by the Prime Minister by Command of Her Majesty SEPTEMBER 2003 Cm 5972 £10.50 5972_ISC ii_iv 10/9/03 12:17 am Page ii ©Crown Copyright 2003 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and departmental logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Any enquiries relating to the copyright in this document should be addressed to The Licensing Division, HMSO, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ. Fax: 01603 723000 or e-mail: [email protected] 5972_ISC ii_iv 10/9/03 12:17 am Page iii iii 5972_ISC ii_iv 10/9/03 12:17 am Page iv INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY COMMITTEE The Rt. Hon. Ann Taylor, MP (Chairman) The Rt. Hon. James Arbuthnot, MP The Rt. Hon. Alan Howarth CBE, MP The Rt. Hon. The Lord Archer of Sandwell, QC Mr Michael Mates, MP The Rt. Hon. Kevin Barron, MP The Rt. Hon. Joyce Quin, MP The Rt. Hon. Alan Beith, MP The Rt. -
155 Otto Heinrich Von Der Gablentz
ARCHIV FÜR CHRISTLICH-DEMOKRATISCHE POLITIK DER KONRAD-ADENAUER-STIFTUNG E.V. 01 – 155 OTTO HEINRICH VON DER GABLENTZ SANKT AUGUSTIN 2017 I Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Vorträge, Aufsätze, Publikationen 1 1.1 Eigene Manuskripte 1 1.1.1 1921 - 1926 1 1.1.2 1927 - 1942 2 1.1.3 1945 5 1.1.4 1946 5 1.1.5 1947 6 1.1.6 1948 8 1.1.7 1949 11 1.1.8 1950 13 1.1.9 1951 15 1.1.10 1952 16 1.1.11 1953 17 1.1.12 1954 19 1.1.13 1955 22 1.1.14 1956 25 1.1.15 1957 27 1.1.16 1958 29 1.1.17 1959 31 1.1.18 1960 33 1.1.19 1961 34 1.1.20 1962 36 1.1.21 1963 38 1.1.22 1964 41 1.1.23 1965 43 1.1.24 1966 45 1.1.25 1967 46 1.1.26 1968 47 1.2 Vorlesungen 48 1.3 Literaturauszüge 50 1.4 Rezensionen und sonstige Stimmen zu Publikationen von der Gablentz' 51 2 Wirtschaft und Industrie nach dem 2. Weltkrieg 52 2.1 Agrarprobleme 52 2.2 Bodenreform 52 2.3 Demontage und Reparationen 52 2.4 Ernährungslage 53 2.5 Industrieplanung und -verwaltung 53 2.6 Volkswirtschaftlicher Arbeitsrat beim Magistrat der Stadt Berlin 53 2.7 Wirtschaftsplanung 53 2.8 Wirtschaftspolitischer Ausschuß der Arbeitsgemeinschaft CDU/CSU 54 3 Politischer Wiederaufbau nach dem Kriege 55 3.1 Politischer und geistiger Neubeginn 55 3.2 Deutsche Ostgebiete, Vertriebene 55 3.3 Landesverfassungen 56 3.4 Lastenausgleich 56 3.5 Staatliche Gliederung 56 4 CDU-Geschichte, Berliner CDU 57 II Inhaltsverzeichnis 4.1 Gründungs- und Aufbauprobleme 57 4.2 Programme 57 4.3 Christlicher Sozialismus 57 4.4 Bildungs- und Kulturpolitik 58 4.5 Tagungen und Parteitage 58 5 Kirchenfragen 60 5.1 Evangelische Kirche allgemein 60 5.2