*Incumbent the Peace Officers Research Association of California (PORAC) Evaluates Candidates and Issues Each Election Cycle
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Julius Caesar to Caligula)
Notable instances of intellectual repression in Rome (Julius Caesar to Caligula) NB: Legal bases: • Twelve Tables (450 BC) (TT 8.1, cited by Cicero in Rep. 4.12, p. 79 in your text, who wholeheartedly agrees with the law) prohibited defamatory writings: ‘If any person had sung or composed against another person a song (=poem) such as was causing slander or insult to another…’ Penalty (in 450 BC, evidently) was to be clubbed to death. • maiestas (treason): first introduced 103 BC, underwent a variety of changes, though the important one was the law passed by Julius Caesar (lex Iulia maiestatis, ca. 45 BC) which made banishment the chief penalty. This was the law invoked frequently in the first century of the Principate (notably by Tiberius, but by almost all of his successors as well). Julius Caesar ca. 45 BC: expert on oracles exiled by Julius Caesar Augustus 31 BC(?): Octavian (=Augustus) burns all documents relevant to triumviral period 28 BC: philosopher (Anaxilaos), expert in magic, banished ca. 27 BC: Augustus curtails publication of the acta senatus (‘senatorial record’) ca. 18 BC(?): Augustus forbids publication of anonymous attacks 12 BC: Augustus, now pontifex maximus, burns all oracular books and writings. First known instance of ‘book burning’ (usually done under charge of maiestas) AD 6 (?): Corvus, professor of rhetoric, charged with ‘harming the state’ for discussing birth control and celibacy in his classroom. Outcome of trial unknown. ca. AD 6-8: Titus Labienus, Augustan orator and an historian, has his writings confiscated and burned by senatorial decree (on grounds that his writings were treasonous). -
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Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses A study of the client kings in the early Roman period Everatt, J. D. How to cite: Everatt, J. D. (1972) A study of the client kings in the early Roman period, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10140/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk .UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM Department of Classics .A STUDY OF THE CLIENT KINSS IN THE EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE J_. D. EVERATT M.A. Thesis, 1972. M.A. Thesis Abstract. J. D. Everatt, B.A. Hatfield College. A Study of the Client Kings in the early Roman Empire When the city-state of Rome began to exert her influence throughout the Mediterranean, the ruling classes developed friendships and alliances with the rulers of the various kingdoms with whom contact was made. -
Caecilia, Calpurnia, and Their Dreams of Political Importance. Patterns of Constructing Gender Relations and Female Scope for Action in Ancient Roman Sources
Athens Journal of History - Volume 4, Issue 2 – Pages 93-116 Caecilia, Calpurnia, and Their Dreams of Political Importance. Patterns of Constructing Gender Relations and Female Scope for Action in Ancient Roman Sources By Anna Katharina Romund During the crisis of the Roman Republic, ancient sources mention a number of political interventions by women. The paper at hand seeks to investigate two of these occurences in which dreams motivated women to play an active role in political affairs. Cicero and Julius Obsequens report the dream of Caecilia Metella that instigated the repair of the temple of Juno Sospita in 90 BC. Nicolaus of Damascus, Velleius Paterculus, Valerius Maximus, Plutarch, Suetonius, Appian, Cassius Dio, and, again, Obsequens cover the dream of Caesar's wife Calpurnia in their works. According to them, the dream drove her to save Caesar from the imminent assassination in 44 BC. If we aim for a better understanding of the growing female scope for action, we will need to systematically analyse ancient authors’ personal conceptions of gender relations in a comparative way. Therefore, my paper examines the reports on Caecilia and Calpurnia in order to find recurring patterns that reflect the writers’ ideas of gender relations and gender hierarchies. A three-step analysis scheme will be created. 1) The model regards family roles as an indicator of the gender relationship discussed by the author. 2) The verbal or non-verbal mode of the woman’s intervention, whether of strong or weak intensity, mirrors the options of female action depending on that specific relationship. Furthermore, this relationship is defined by means of the depicted reaction attributed to the addressee. -
In the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Case: 17-17531, 04/02/2018, ID: 10821327, DktEntry: 13-1, Page 1 of 111 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT WINDING CREEK SOLAR LLC, Case No. 17-17531 Plaintiff-Appellant, On Appeal from the United States v. District Court for the Northern District of California CARLA PETERMAN; MARTHA No. 3:13-cv-04934-JD GUZMAN ACEVES; LIANE Hon. James Donato RANDOLPH; CLIFFORD RECHTSCHAFFEN; MICHAEL PICKER, in their official capacities as Commissioners of the California Public Utilities Commission, Defendants-Appellees. Case No. 17-17532 WINDING CREEK SOLAR LLC, On Appeal from the United States Plaintiff-Appellee, District Court for the Northern District v. of California No. 3:13-cv-04934-JD CARLA PETERMAN; MARTHA Hon. James Donato GUZMAN ACEVES; LIANE RANDOLPH; CLIFFORD RECHTSCHAFFEN; MICHAEL PICKER, in their official capacities as Commissioners of the California Public Utilities Commission, Defendants-Appellants. APPELLANT’S FIRST BRIEF ON CROSS-APPEAL Thomas Melone ALLCO RENEWABLE ENERGY LTD. 1740 Broadway, 15th Floor New York, NY 10019 Telephone: (212) 681-1120 Email: [email protected] Attorneys for Appellant WINDING CREEK SOLAR LLC Case: 17-17531, 04/02/2018, ID: 10821327, DktEntry: 13-1, Page 2 of 111 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT Winding Creek Solar LLC is 100% owned by Allco Finance Limited, which is a privately held company in the business of developing solar energy projects. Allco Finance Limited has no parent companies, and no publicly held company owns 10 percent or more of its stock. /s/ Thomas Melone i Case: 17-17531, 04/02/2018, ID: 10821327, DktEntry: 13-1, Page 3 of 111 TABLE OF CONTENTS CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT ................................................... -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses A study of the client kings in the early Roman period Everatt, J. D. How to cite: Everatt, J. D. (1972) A study of the client kings in the early Roman period, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10140/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk .UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM Department of Classics .A STUDY OF THE CLIENT KINSS IN THE EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE J_. D. EVERATT M.A. Thesis, 1972. M.A. Thesis Abstract. J. D. Everatt, B.A. Hatfield College. A Study of the Client Kings in the early Roman Empire When the city-state of Rome began to exert her influence throughout the Mediterranean, the ruling classes developed friendships and alliances with the rulers of the various kingdoms with whom contact was made. -
Summary of Motions California State Retirees (Csr) Board of Directors Meeting
SUMMARY OF MOTIONS CALIFORNIA STATE RETIREES (CSR) BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING Holiday Inn, Sacramento February 22, 2018 7. Approval of October 26, 2017 Board Meeting Minutes CSR 1/18/1 MOTION: Oliveira, second by Hueg - that the CSR Board of Directors approve the minutes of the October 26, 2017 meeting as printed. CARRIED. 11. Program Reports - HQ CSR 2/18/1 MOTION: Fountain, second by Hueg – that the CSR Board of Directors buy the three promotion items, hats, totes and lapel pins, in bulk and send out numbers to chapters. CARRIED. 12. Political Action Committee CSR 3/18/1 MOTION: Oliveira, second by Fountain – that the CSR Board of Directors endorse incumbents Controller Betty Yee and Secretary of State Alex Padilla for reelection. CARRIED. CSR 4/18/1 MOTION: Umemoto, second by Jimenez – that the CSR Board of Directors endorse Treasurer Fiona Ma. CARRIED. CSR 5/18/1 MOTION: Jimenez, second by Oliveira – that the CSR Board of Directors endorse the following Assembly incumbents seeking reelection: AD 01 Brian Dahle (R-Bieber), AD 02 Jim Wood (D-Healdsburg), AD 03 James Gallagher (R-Nicolaus), AD 04 Cecilia Aguiar-Curry (D-Napa), AD 05 Frank Bigelow (R-O’Neals), AD 06 Kevin Kiley (R-El Dorado Hills), AD 07 Kevin McCarty (D-Sacramento), AD 08 Ken Cooley (D-Rancho Cordova), AD 09 Jim Cooper (D-Elk Grove), AD 10 Marc Levine (D-San Rafael), AD 11 Jim Frazier (D-Oakley), AD 12 Heath Flora (R-Modesto), AD 13 Susan Eggman (D-Stockton), AD 14 Tim Grayson (D-Concord), AD 16 Catharine Baker (D-Dublin), AD 17 David Chiu (D-San Francisco), AD 18 Rob Bonta (D-Alameda), AD 19 Phil Ting (D-San Francisco), AD 20 Bill Quirk (D- Hayward), AD 21 Adam Gray (D-Merced). -
(CSR) BOARD of DIRECTORS MEETING Embassy Suites Hotel
SUMMARY OF MOTIONS CALIFORNIA STATE RETIREES (CSR) BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING Embassy Suites Hotel - San Francisco Airport, Burlingame February 27, 2014 4. Introductions, Agenda Changes/Corrections and Unscheduled Items CSR 1/14/1 MOTION: Sears, second by Walgenbach – that the CSR Board of Directors accept the agenda as modified. CARRIED. 5. Approval of the November 8, 2013 Meeting Minutes CSR 2/14/1 MOTION: Lease, second by Evans – that the CSR Board of Directors approve the minutes of the November 8, 2013 meeting as printed. CARRIED. 11A. Finance Committee CSR 3/14/1 MOTION: Rose, second by Walgenbach – that each chapter may retain a maximum of twelve months of estimated dues income in its bank account at any one time. When a chapter accumulates a greater amount based upon a quarterly assessment, the chapter shall send the excess funds to the Corporation or the Chief Financial Officer will cause the withholding of further dues payments to the chapter until its total funds falls below the threshold. CARRIED. 11E. PAC Committee CSR 4/14/1 MOTION: Behrens, second by Waggoner – that the CSR Board of Directors endorse the following Assembly incumbents seeking reelection: Ken Cooley (AD 8), Marc Levine (AD 10), Jim Frazier (AD 11), Susan Eggman (AD 13), Susan Bonilla (AD 14), Rob Bonta (AD 18), Phil Ting (AD 19), Bill Quirk (AD 20), Adam Gray (AD 21), Kevin Mullin, AD 22), Rich Gordon (AD 24), Nora Campos, AD 27), Mark Stone (AD 29), Luis Alejo (AD 30), Henry Perea (AD 31), Rudy Salas Jr. (AD 32), Katcho Achadjian (AD 35), Steve Fox (AD 36), -
The Persecution of Christians in the First Century
JETS 61.3 (2018): 525–47 THE PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS IN THE FIRST CENTURY ECKHARD J. SCHNABEL* Abstract: The Book of Acts, Paul’s letters, 1 Peter, Hebrews, and Revelation attest to nu- merous incidents of persecution, which are attested for most provinces of the Roman empire, triggered by a wide variety of causes and connected with a wide variety of charges against the fol- lowers of Jesus. This essay surveys the twenty-seven specific incidents of and general references to persecution of Christians in the NT, with a focus on geographical, chronological, and legal matters. Key words: persecution, mission, hostility, opposition, Jerusalem, Rome, Peter, Paul, Acts, Hebrews, Revelation This essay seeks to survey the evidence in the NT for instances of the perse- cution of Jesus’ earliest followers in their historical and chronological contexts without attempting to provide a comprehensive analysis of each incident. The Greek term diōgmos that several NT authors use, usually translated as “persecu- tion,”1 is defined as “a program or process designed to harass and oppress some- one.”2 The term “persecution” is used here to describe the aggressive harassment and deliberate ill-treatment of the followers of Jesus, ranging from verbal abuse, denunciation before local magistrates, initiating court proceedings to beatings, flog- ging, banishment from a city, execution, and lynch killings. I. PERSECUTION IN JUDEA, SYRIA, AND NABATEA (AD 30–38/40) 1. Persecution in Jerusalem, Judea (I). Priests in Jerusalem, the captain of the tem- ple, and Sadducees arrested the apostles Peter and John who spoke to a crowd of * Eckhard J. -
10 Bc 5 Bc 1 Ad 5 10 15 20
AD 14 AD 18 4 BC AD 4 Augustus Caiaphas Death of King Emperor Augustus Caesar, the fi rst appointed as Herod the formally adopts his emperor of a Jewish High Great of Judea stepson Tiberius as Rome, dies Priest his successor 10 BC 5 BC 1 AD 5 10 15 20 AD 6 7 BC Jesus a� ends Jesus born in Passover in Bethlehem Jerusalem of Judea as a boy (Luke 2:1-20) (Luke 2:40-52) TIMELINE | PAGE 1 AD 26 Pon� us Pilate begins governorship of Judea 25 30 AD 32 AD 31 Jesus miraculously AD 29 Jesus appoints feeds 5000 John the Bap� st’s and sends his (Ma� hew 14:13-33; ministry begins; Jesus apostles on their AD 30 Mark 6:31-52; is bap� zed and begins fi rst mission Jesus a� ends Luke 9:10-17; John 6) his ministry (Ma� hew 9:35- Passover in (Ma� hew 3:1-17; 11:1; Mark 6:6-13; Jerusalem and Mark 1:2-11; Luke 9:1-10) Luke 3:1-23) cleanses the temple (John 2:13-25) AD 32 AD 30 Jesus a� ends Jesus establishes the Feast of his ministry in Tabernacles in Galilee Jerusalem (Ma� hew 4:12-17; (John 7-9) Mark 1:14-15; Luke 4:14-15) TIMELINE | PAGE 2 AD 43 AD 36 AD 37 AD 40 AD 41 Roman Pon� us Pilate Death of Emperor Caligula Emperor Caligula conquest of governorship of Emperor orders a statue of assassinated and Britain begins Judea ends Tiberius himself be erected in Claudius crowned under Emperor the temple; Jewish the new Emperor Claudius peasants stop this from happening 35 40 AD 37 Paul visits Peter and James in Jerusalem (Acts 9:23-30; Gala� ans 1:18-24) AD 38-43 Missions to the Gen� les begin; church in An� och established AD 33 (Acts 10-11) Jesus crucifi ed -
Biblical Chronology
Sept 78 78 38 45 98 180 Aug 77 77 July 75 32 170 76 76 Jun Pentecost 75 75 181 Legion Legion May - th 27 Masada of Fall Matt28 - RISEN MINISTRY Marcus Marcus Aurelius 161 160 WEEK LAST 74 Apr 74 Passover Mar Matt 21 Matt 73 73 20 - Feb 150 66 77/103 90 72 72 MINISTRY Transfiguration Matt17 Pius Pius Jan Destruction Jerusalem of Destruction LATER PEREAN PEREAN LATER 33 71 71 161 Temple destroyed Temple - Dedication Dec Jerusalem occupied by the Roman 10 Roman the by Jerusalemoccupied 140 Titus to Jerusalem of Fall 135 79 - 70 Antoninus 138 70 - Nov GALBA OTHO VITELLIUS Matt16 VESPASIAN 69 MINISTRY 69 69 Oct CIVIL WAR CIVIL Tabernacles JUDEAN LATER AMUEL Second JewishSecond Revolt,132 S 130 68 FIRST FIRST 68 BEN Sept JEWISH REVOLT 87 4/64/67 104 Jude ? Jude Aug 70? 67 67 - HANNIAS 138 P 66 - 120 Peter II July 15 BEN Hadrian 117 - 66 66 I Peter I Florus Jun 66 - Pentecost ATTHIAS (or AD 67) AD (or HEOPHILUS 65 65 Revelation M T 65 Gessius PAUL Matt14 of the of TWELVE 110 Paul & Peter of Martyrdom 46 52 104 May SPECIAL TRAINING SPECIAL . 64 IITim 64 BEN Apr Albinus Albinus July July 19, 64 Passover 64 117 - AMALIEL - Burning of Rome ESUS Titus the Baptist the J G 63 63 63 Trajan 98 Mar Tim. I 100 John of Death I,II,III I,II,III John First First Christian Persecution Lucceius BEN 98 - 62 63 62 Feb - Nerva 96 AMNAEUS ESUS FINAL FINAL TRAVELS Release from Imprisonment from Release J D 62 Acts Phil. -
When Was Jesus Born? a Response to a Recent Proposal
When Was Jesus Born? A Response to a Recent Proposal Lincoln H. Blumell and Thomas A. Wayment Editor’s note: We are pleased to publish this article, which pushes forward the con- versation about what is known and not known about the dating of the birth of Jesus Christ. This article responds to the article by ProfessorJeffrey R. Chadwick on this subject, which appeared in 1 in our volume 49, number 4, available on the BYU Studies website. The goal of the Chadwick article was to harmonize as much of the evidence, both scriptural and historical, as possible, sometimes using new or uncommon interpretations in order to reconcile apparent dispari- ties in the sources. By contrast, Professors Wayment and Blumell prefer a more cautious approach, placing less weight on positions that cannot be established with historical or textual certainty. While both of these articles agree on many points, this new analysis urges readers to adopt a less precise time frame in think- ing about when the birth of Jesus might have occurred. We welcome this rigorous and respectful give-and-take, and we hope that all readers will enjoy drawing their own conclusions about the evidences and approaches advanced by both of these articles. etermining an exact date (year, month, and day) for many events from Dantiquity is fraught with difficulties and challenges. Though modern society tends to implicitly associate “important” events with a specific date (or dates), like September 11, 2001, or December 7, 1941, ancient societies did not always feel compelled to remember such events by reference to the actual date on which they occurred.