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AIA goes to CatalonCa' ia o Kew Steam Museum o Crossness o Blaenavon restoration Wolverhampton canalside o conferences o letters o famous funnel o regional news AIA Catalonia Tour

The AIA's tour of Catalonia took place fron del Mar Vich and her father and saw the bottling Monday l9 April to Saturday 24 April 2004. I an and packing plant. Then on to Anglds for a 1'l sure all those who attended would like to thank hour three-course lunch in a local restaurant, with INDUSTRIAL James Douet for his excellent notes, seamless the region's Penedes wine freely available which translations and great good humour; Eusebi established the pattern for the week. ARCHAEOLOGY Casanelles i Rahola for all his help, and naking Then followed a walk to the Vapor Bur€s so many of his staff available to show us round; cotton mill. where we were met and taken round NEWS 130 Francesc Tarrats. Director General of Cultural by Emile Rams. Established in 1872 exploiting the 2OO4 Heritage for Catalunya, for taking the time to hydraulic potential of the river Ter on the fringe of Autumn come and speak to us, and to Paul Saulter for the old town, it became necessary for the owners Honorary President naking the arrangements. Few of us probably to provide facilities to attract labour. Initially a Prof Angus Buchanan realise that Paul gives nuch of his time free to canteen was provided, and from 1 889 13 Hensley Road, Bath BA2 2DR societies like the Newcomen and the AlA. The accommodation, shops and a school, thus Chairman Mike Bone welcome help of James Douet and Peter creating a coldnia or colony, the first of several of 5unnyside, Avon Close, Keynsham, Bristol BS31 2uL Neaverson are acknowledged in conpiling this these interesting developments which we would Vice-Chairman account. see during the week. In 1958 nearly 1,200 people Prof Marilyn Palmer spinning and weaving cotton. School oJ Archaeological Studies, The University, were employed Leicester LE1 7RH Judith Hodgkinson 0nly very recently closed and cleared of its textile Secretary machinery, the main attraction at the mill now is Barry Hood the cross-compound horizontal steam engine 7 Loch Way, Kemnay, Inverurie, Aberdeenshire A85'1 5QZ Catalunya, as we were to discover during the Treasurer week, is very different from the rest of Spain, not built by La Maquinista Terrestre y Maritima de Richard Hartree least in its 200 years of industrialisation, notably Barcelona which was added to supplement water Stables cottage, Sibford Ferris, Banbury 0X1 5 5RE in textiles. Having made our own way to power following further expansion of the mill. lA Review Editor This has been bought by the local council at the Dr David Gwyn Barcelona, 45 members gathered for the evening Nant y Felin, Llanllyfni Road, Pen y Groes, meal on Monday so we could meet our guide, disposal auction to ensure its preservation. We Caernarfon LL54 6LY James Douet, and Joan Munt, president of the continued past the blocks of flats associated with lA News Editor archaeology. We the mill and the fine 'Torre' or owner's mansion Dr Peter Stanier Catalan association for industrial 49 Breach Lane, Shaftesbury, Dorset 5P7 8LF also received excellent and extensive packs of before returning to the coach. Aff iliated 5ocieties Off icer information including one or two in a wide series Our lengthy lunch meant that we had to Prof Ray Riley of 44 format booklets intended as teaching aids. forego the photo-stop at two hydroelectric 8 Keep, Clarence Parade, Southsea P05 3NX Queen's stations (opened 1905 and 1916) as we were at Conference Secretary Although in Catalan they are well produced and Tony Parkes packed with excellent diagrams. least 2 hours behind schedule. Unfortunately and 60 School Lane, Hill Ridware, Rugeley W51 5 3QN 0n Tuesday we travelled north east beyond unforgivably this meant that we missed meeting Endangered Sites Officer Banyoles visit the the Mayor of Montcada for the official launch of Dr Mike Nevell Girona to the town of to pumping University of Manchester Archaeology Unit, University dilapidated forge at El Com[. As we were to see the newly-restored steam-powered of Manchester, oxford Road, l\/anchester M1 3 9PL time and again during the week, the landfall and station built in 1879 on the outskirts of Librarian and Archivist water supply are such in Catalunya that a Barcelona. The industrial settlement of Montcada John Powell has been important in the supply of water to c/o IGMT, lronbridge, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7DQ surprising number of take-offs is possible. In this Publicity Officer case the water supply leat was from a lake and Barcelona since Roman times, and the delightful lonathan Briggs we gathered from our local guide Luls Privdt buildings have been restored to form a slightly 46 Arrowsmlth Drive, Stonehouse GLl 0 2QR there had been 1 5 take-offs in one kilometre. At Recording Awards Officer Dr Victoria Beauchamp El Comri there were three wheels, driving the 3 Parsonage Court, Parsonage Crescent, Walkley, trompe blowing system for two hearths and two Sheffield 56 5BJ trip hammers, working first iron and later copper. Sales Officer Roger Ford In rather less than ideal conditions the family Barn Cottage, Bridge Street, Bridgnorth WVI 5 6AF operating the forge lived on the floor above. Part Council Members of the building had been used for papermaking Dr Robert Can (BA Awards) in the nineteenth century, with a drying space at Dr Paul Collins (Partnerships) David Lyne (Conservation Award) second floor level. Currently awaiting funding for Michael Messenger restoration, most of the remaining structure and Mary Nlills Dr generous of Peter Neaverson (AlA Abstracts; Book Review Editod machinery is covered in a layer Honorary Vice-Presidents pigeon droppings. A brief coffee-and-comfort Sir Neil Cossons John Hume Stuart B. Smith break was rather taken advantage of and Liaison Officer somewhat scuppered the timetable for the rest of Simon Thomas the day, Did we think this was a holiday? AIA Office, 5chool ofArchaeological Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester LEI 7RH Our second visit was to the Gerunda eau-de- t 01 1 6 252 5337, tax: 01 I 5 252 5005 vie distillery at Girona in a fine Modernista e-mail: [email protected] building of 1911 by Domenech i Montaner. Website: Distilling now carried on in the firm's other www i nd ustrial-archaeology.org. u k is premises in Galicia in NW Spain, but the fruit flavours are still oroduced here. The attention of COVER PICTURE the steam-buffs focused on the remarkably small The bunting is out to celebrate the steaming of one of vertical-boiler steam engine by Alexander the great bean engines at Crossness on 4 April 2004 Hermanos (Brothers) of Barcelona, (but of (see page 8) Textile nachinery at the Museu de la Ciencia I de la Tecnica Photo:RlMCarr Scottish origin). We were shown round by Maria Photo: Judith Hodqkinson

2 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 The AIA group photograph at the Catalan National Railway Museum, Vilanova i Geltri Photo: Judith Hodokinson isolated cultural centre on the riverside. A pair of were smart, modern and extremely clean, and we extraordinary rock formation of Monsenat to the vertical steam engines, again by Alexanders, is were shown round by one of the engineers, Paco monastery. preserved with overhead crankshafts operating Tones. We walked alongside the inspection pit to The next visit was to the Colonia 5ed6 at plunger pumps. The day ended with a visit to the see the cog mechanism of one of the five new Espaneguera. A cotton mill was set up here in Museu d'Histdria de Catalunya, the extensive Swiss Staedtler funicular units for the steeo haul 1846 on the site of a flour mill and an excellent displays mainly labelled in Catalan, were up to Monserrat monastery. A machine for re- model showed the final extent of the site. By enlivened with many working models. The profiling wheels was demonstrated for us: 1878 more power was required and a further evening concluded with a cava and tapas according to Sefior Tones the aim is to check all take-off 5 km upstream was linked to the mill by reception on the top floor of the stunningly wheels once a month. This doubles the life of the a handsome aqueduct. A walk through the located museum, overlooking the clty with the wheel, and presumably improves wear and tear cutaway giant 1899 Francis turbine by Planas harbour in the foreground. The Direcci6 General on track - and passengers. In the diesel shed a Flaquer i Cia. of Girona which delivered 1400hp, del Patrimoni Cultural of the Generalitat de loco from the phosphate mines was in for gave access to an AV display in the turbine pipe Catalunya, Francesc Tanats Bou, gave a short servicing, and a third shed repaired and serviced and water supply and discharge tunnels. At its address on the successes of, and aspirations for, carriages and wagons. There was a small arnount peak the mill employed 3,000 and its chief the development of industrial sites as museums of old rolling stock as well, including an unusual product was cotton velvet, sometimes described in the region. Marilyn Palmer responded on Ganatt 2-6-0 + 0-6-2 articulated locomotive of as corduroy (though neither the machine seen behalf of the AlA. 1926. A 40-minute up-hill ride in vintage coaches here nor the one seen later at the museum at Wednesday began with a visit to the major behind a 1948 Energies Marginell (Belgium) 2-6- Tenassa was set up to produce the striped pile of maintenance workshops of the Fenocarrils de la 2 tank locomotive deposited us at Monistrol, from corduroy). Other features included the variety of Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC) at Martorell, where we continued by coach. From the station nanow-gauge railways in the factory and the about 20 km NW of Barcelona and now part of you could see the funicular railway train like a spiral-twist brick chimney of the bleaching works. the city's commuter netvvork. The workshops green caterpillar making its way up the There was some discussion as to whether this was an experiment in improving the draught. Finally on our way to lunch at the Fonda in the works village, we were let through locked gates separating the living quarters from the mill proper. Although only 80m2 in floor area, some apartments were still occupied. We could easily have spent a whole day at this one site. Although parts of the Sed6 site are occupied by new businesses, it is still possible to visit, whereas at our next port of call, the Coldnia Giiell, we concentrated on the high quality of housing for the workers as the mill itself is not accessible. The colony was established some 10 km from Barcelona to escaDe violent labour confrontations. Begun in 1890, Eusebi Gi.iell entrusted the master-plan to the wildly innovative architect Antoni Gaudi (1852-1925). Gaudi was already deeply involved in the still- unfinished enormous Church of the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona, and one of the few buildings at the Coldnia he designed was the church. Although only the crypt was completed, Gaudi Clot del Moro cement works Photo: Judith Hodakinson used it to experiment with ideas for the Sagrada

INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 3 Familia, especially the catenary arch (which can 0n to Terrassa, a medieval town which finish early or to remain with the coach to visit be seen to breathtaking effect in his Casa Mil) expanded rapidly on the back of the woollen the El Born market and the Estaci6 de Franqa near mansion in Barcelona). industry in the early nineteenth century and to our hotels. The El Born was the first and finest Our final visit of the day was to the Sant Joan suffered greatly when the industry collapsed in of the iron-framed markets raised around the Despi factory. Originally a mill producing pigment the 1970s. Some 20 km from Barcelona, it is Eixample the planned extension to the old city for calico printing, it benefited from the building home to the Museu de la Cidncia i de la Tdcnica when its eighteenth-century walls were of the Canal de la Infanta constructed in from the de Catalunya housed in the Vapor Aymerich, Amat demolished from the 1860s. Closed for 20 years, Llobregat river to the NW of Barcelona. The mill i Jove[ a stunning modernist building of 1907-9 the interior has recently been excavated bringing was adapted in 1910 for cardboard manufacture by the municipal architect Lluis Muncunill. The to light fantastically detailed evidence of the city and contains almost all its machinery. Our guide, centuries-old roofing system known as the that was demolished in 1713 at the end of the Anna Cabello Aguilar, explained the processes Catalan vault uses thin bricks or tiles and quick- War of Spanish Succession. The Estaci6 de FranEa whereby waste paper is soaked, pulped, allowed setting mortar to create shallow curves that can station was built in 1870 on a curved layout due to settle, drained and transfened onto a felt belt achieve spans of up to 4m or more. Requiring the to site constraints, with twin arched trainsheds where it is rolled. Sheets were then interleaved minimum of iron support and used here in 26.5m high. Rebuilt for the 1929 Universal with hessian, flattened in a very large press, and conjunction with a north-light system, it seems Exhibition and restored in preparation for the cut to size for use in book covers and shoe soles. like billowing canvas, lightly pinned down, and 1992 Olympics, it faces a challenging future as A range of open-sided wooden drying sheds bright even on a grey day. Closed down in 1 976, trains will soon leave for the last time. The vast remains outside. Parts of the building are used for the mill re-opened as a Museum in 1984, and shed's most likely future is as an air and space the re-cycling of furniture as part of a social now houses excellent displays on the history of museum, raising the interesting prospect o rehabilitation scheme. energy, textiles and transport.The Director, Eusebi aeroplanes, like metal cuckoos, taking over the 0n Thursday in heavy rain (our only wet day) Casanelles, gave a guided tour of the textile steam trains'old nest. we visited the Vapor Buxeda at Sabadell, lust section. James Douet then led a short walk On Friday we set off north almost to the north of Barcelona. The many textile mills in this around the town centre pointing out some of the French border to visit the very remote semi- town utilised steam and eventually electricity as a grand buildings directly related to the textile ruinous Clot del Moro cement works. Now owned source of power. At this mill, only the entrance industry such as each firm's elegant showrooms, by the Generalitat de Catalunya it is the subject building and engine house remain of what had and those built as a result of local wealth and of a rescue plan, perhaps surprisingly, given its been one of the largest wool spinning and enterprise such as the magnificent market or the location. lt was founded in 190'l by the wealthy weaving mills, built in 1853 and now maintained grand, but poorly-sited, theatre. Barcelona industrialist Eusebi Gtiell using by the municipality. A three-screen presentation Following an excellent lunch in the Museum American plant made by Allis Chalmers. Water (with commentary ably translated by James at which we were joined by the Director and his piped from the headwaters of the Llobregat river alongside the sound track) explained how the deputy, Jaume Matamala, we returned to oowered a series of 13 Pelton wheels to drive the industry of the town developed in the 1840-60 Barcelona passing several former textile mills in machinery and coal was available from nearby period. At the Vapor Buxeda an 1 889 40hp steam the city before pausing at Montjuic to look at the Cercs. Supplies were brought to the works by engine housed in the basement was replaced in exterior of the Casaramona cotton spinning narrow gauge railway which has now been 1906/8 by a 300hp horizontal compound engine factory. Again in the modernist style, 191 1/12 by restored to bring visitors to this remote site which mounted on a water tube boiler made by Buckau Josep Puig i Cadafalch, the exterior seemed more also houses a transport museum. There was some Wolf SA of Magdeburg, Germany. This engine, still about architectural effect than good factory living accommodation on site but most of the in pristine condition, was placed in a new ground layout, but we did not see the interior with its two workforce lived in the nearby town of La Pobla de floor engine house and its design is reminiscent single storey sheds roofed with Catalan vaults. Lillet. James Douet guided tours to one upper of the packaged power plants of that period The mill only worked for about 10 years and has level of this extensive steep site where the made by Garretts of Leiston in Suffolk. The earlier since been used as a police station before its inclined wide-soan Catalan-vaulted roofs were underground boiler house, coal stores and recent purchase by a bank and conversion to a used to maximum advantage. An excellent chimney base were all accessible. cultural centre. An opportunity was then given to interpretation centre has been established with displays on the history and manufacture of Portland cement and of the Asland Company which operated the works until they closed in the 1960s. This is a brave and unique initiative in industrial preservation. A spectacular drive back down the valley and then up another winding road took us to the lignite mining area of Cercs. Here a lunch which would have fed a small army was served in the Sant Corneli mining village restaurant La Fonda with seemingly endless supplies of alcohol in celebration of St George's Day. Sant Jordi is the patron saint of Catalunya and is commemorated by the exchange of red roses and books between men and women! A slight lack of concentration was noticeable when the group boarded a small train for an underground visit to the Mina Sant Romi where set-piece displays on successive mining techniques were seen as we walked back out along the level. Outside were static exhibits of mining tools, machinery and forms of transport. A visitor centre outlined the development of the industry from the 1850s which expanded considerably with the opening of

The El Moli paper mill at Capellades Photo: Judith Hodginson the railway up the Llobregat valley. Life in the

4 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 modern machinery and methods are accompanied by video clips. There was insufficient time to do justice to the fine displays on methods of lifting water and the uses of water power in another section. Yet more floor space is to be utilised for a display of textile machines. Steam buffs were not disappointed, a horizontal steam engine made in 1862 by Manning Wardle & Co of Leeds has been installed in the original mill engine house. 0ur next visit was to the El Moli paper mill at Capellades, one of over'100 documented in the early 1770s and the highest of a chain of 16 water-powered paper mills in the town. Unfortunately the Director Vict6ria Raball was not available to take us round, but the lethal rag cutting machine was ably demonstrated by one of her assistants. Capellades made two qualities of paper for wrapping and writing, in a similar but more refined Drocess to that which we had seen at the cardboard factory. The watermark and deckle edge were explained. Paper was dried on ohoto: 1887 Horizontal steam engines at the Vapor Burds cotton mill Judith Hodgkrnson the upper floors and the distinctive ventilation window pattern with vertical louvres made paper mining village and labour problems were not museum established in a former cotton mill. The mills easy to identify. Next, size was added, the neglected and a typical furnished miner's house local water supply has a high calcium content and paper was pressed and dried again, and then was displayed. The local landscape is littered with there has been tanning in lgualada since at least polished. In order to demonstrate this last remains of aerial ropeways which brought coal the twelfth century, using hides imported from process, James volunteered to open the sluice down from remote workings to the railhead, South America from the seventeenth century. onto the waterwheel. Shouts of laughter were corrugated iron sheds and the prominent thermal Families worked in 'clans' with secret methods heard and several people emerged quite wet from generating station which was built in 1929. This and recipes involving excrement, usually pigeon that particular demonstration. bought the mining company in 1965 but now droppings. lt took approximately 14 months to We then drove down the valley, making use uses imported coal! We then returned to complete 100 hides and conditions were made of our new-found typology of the typical Catalan Barcelona via the Baells reservoir on the worse by having to exclude the light to avoid a paper mill to recognise many more before Llobregat which was constructed 1970/6 and chemical reaction in the steeping liquids The reaching the Hostal Robert at La Pobla de impounded by a 302m sweeping curved dam, display area was rather too clean to convey Claramunt for lunch. Our next visit was to the 1 12m high across the valley and now a source of anything of the unpleasantness of working there, Celler Miguel Torres vineyard and winery one of hydroelectricity. The site of one textile coldnia, but the educational booklet shows very succinctly the largest in the Penedes region. Wine was established in the 1 920s, was submerged beneath that what took 12 months in the artisan orocess matured in underground vaults, some dating from the reservoir. now takes about 4 days. The leather museum is 155'1, in all some 26 km of them, complete with a Our final day began westwards to lgualada, housed in the former late nineteenth century Cal railway system. Among notable sights were in the Riu Anoia valley, to visit the thirteenth- Boyer cotton mill and contains exhibits of leather bottles from years of interest to the family - century Cal Granotes tannery and a leather products from many parts of the world whilst the anniversaries, world cup etc - but which they didn't drink, and one million bottles of one vrntage. Our final visit was to the Catalan National Railway Museum, at Vilanova i Geltrf, where a large collection of metre different gauge locomotives and rolling stock is ranged around the turntable and within a roundhouse. The group photo shows extremely happy faces after a most rewarding few days - was it really only five?

All aboard for the underoround visit to the Cercs coal mine Photo: M Palmer

INDTJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 5 Water for London - Preserving London's pumping heritage ln 1999, the Department for Culture, Media and Grand Junction Canal Company, and one of eight In addition to the pump house, the first phase Sport (DCMS) listed the 1838 gate house at Kew private water companies established in London of building on site included a boiler house and Bridge Pumping Station, declaring the site to be during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth chimney, coal shed, gate house and workshop 'the oldest waterworks in the world containing its centuries. Originally established at Paddington, buildings, including a forge and machine shop. original steam punping engines and is the nost the GJWWC moved into a new works in 1820, The workshops were enlarged in 191 8 after being complete early punping station in Britain... it is just downstream from the Royal Hospital at partially destroyed by bombs dropped from a the most important historic site of the water Chelsea. A pair of Boulton & Watt beam engines German Giant bomber whose pilot was being industry in the country.' This anicle outlines the were used to pump water from the Thames to the chased by a British plane, Remarkably, having history of the welLknown Kew Bridge Pumping Paddington reservoirs. Unfortunately this site was decided to ditch his bombs on what looked like an Station in its working days and as a successful also downstream from the outlet into the Thames industrial site, he managed to miss all the museum. The author is the Museum Director. of the Westbourne Brook, later known as the pumping and boiler house buildings, including Ranelagh Sewer, and in 1827, John Wright the prominent 196 feet (60 metres) high Lesley Bossine published a pamphlet entitled 'The Dolphin or standpipe tower. The forge and machine shop still Grand Junction Nuisance, proving that 7,000 survive today with much of their machinery 'l Massey steam hammer Since 974, the Kew Bridge Pumping Station site families in Westminster and its suburbs are intact, including an 1868 has been has been in the care of the Kew Bridge Engines supplied with Water in a state offensive to the and belt driven line shafting. The forge machine Trust, a registered charity, which opened the site sight, disgusting to the imagination and leased to artist blacksmiths, but the pamphlet provoked a still used by the museum trust for to the public as an independent museum in 1 975. destructive to Health.' The shop is In common with many independent museums, it scandal and, following a Royal Commission educational work and demonstrations. has a small team of five staff and a dedicated report, it was clear that the Company could not In the early 1840s, the GJWWC appointed army of 79 volunteers who are involved in every remain at Chelsea. Thomas Wicksteed as their consultant engineer area of the museum's activity. In the 1970s The first choice was on the riverside near Kew and his recommendations resulted in the people who took on sites such as Kew Bridge Bridge, but the objections of the Crown and then commissioning of the most famous engine on the were often viewed as slightly mad steam the Duke of Cumberland forced the change to the site. the Grand Junction 90-inch Cornish beam enthusiasts rather than'proper' museum people. current site. By 30 March 1 836 the purchase was engine. This engine was built by Sandys, Carne & Nearly 30 years on we may still deserve the complete and building began. The main pump Vivian In 1846 at the Copperhouse Foundry in epithet 'mad', but the DCMS citation, together house was designed by William Anderson in Hayle and was the first engine built in Cornwall also with our status as a registered museum, serves to Georgian style and looks somewhat like an specifically for waterworks duty. Wicksteed vindicate the vision of the museum's founders, lt overgrown townhouse. When entering the had the Maudslay and Boulton and Watt engines is not unusual for foreign visitors to express original lobby, a barrel-vaulted ceiling, elegant, converted to work under the Cornish cycle and pair amazement that a site as important as Kew but simple, Yorkstone staircase and panelled built the first filter bed at the site. A of as filter Bridge continues to rely on the ingenuity of a doors emphasis this appearance. Howeve; open grasshopper type engines were installed voluntary organisation to ensure its survival. the doors and you encounter an 1838 Maudslay bed engines, but these were replaced by the Bull The story of the Kew Bridge site begins in beam engine (the last surviving non-rotative engine in 1856. By the late 1860s, there was a pumping 1838, when the Grand Junction Water Works beam engine made by the firm), an 1856 Bull need to further increase the site's Company (GJWWC) opened its new Kew Bridge engine and one of the Chelsea 1820 Boulton & capacity and the Grand Junction 100-inch engine works on a former market garden site just north Watt engines. Although both the 1820 engines was installed, built by Harvey & Co, Hayle, and a of Kew Bridge in Brentford. The Company, were moved to the site between 1839 and 1841, second boiler house constructed to serve both the incorporated in 1811, was an offshoot of the one was scrapped in 1946 to make space for 90 and 100-inch engines. The 1O0-inch engine items from other pumping stations, which formed house was neatly built as an extension to the the Metropolitan Water Board museum existing 90-inch building and today the collection. unknowing observer would find it difficult to

Driver attending the Grand Junction 90-inch Cornish beam engine, built by Sandys, Carne & Vivian in | 846 Photo: Kew Bridqe Steam Museun Easton & Anos engine of | 863 Photo: Kew Bridge Stean Museum

6 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 Easy does it; menbers of the Bull Restoration Team working on the nain pump discharge pipework Photo: Nick Morgan

The Bull engine's nain pump suction valve, a conplex years and importance of such engines is by seeing them imagine they were built 20 apart. casting which must have required the best pattern making In the 1890s the last steam pumping engine move. Even the non-technically minded visitor can and casting skills when nade in 1857 was added, a Worthington horizontal duplex be found staring at the 90-inch in awe whilst its phoro, Nirk Mororn engine, served by a Babcock & Wilcox boiler. 250 tons of metal moves in a stately fashion for These survived until the 1940s, when they were half an hour each Saturday and Sunday. The hopes to find a suitable wind pump. replaced with electric pumping sets, one of which simple beauty of the architecture of both engine All but two of the in-situ engines have now remains. In 1934 a temporary corrugated and engine house has often been compared to been restored and work on the Bull engine is well asbestos board shed was erected to house four that of a cathedral and the Trust has been careful underway with a public steaming target of late Allen diesel pumping engines and today that to preserve the working ambience of the building, Spring 2005. This engine is believed to be the last building is listed Grade ll! These engines, In addition to restoring the in-situ engines, of its kind still in its original location, although together with the electric sets were used until the Trust set out to collect other types of steam the Science Museum has one in store at 1986, when a new electric pumping station was pumping engines to show the technological Wroughton. Restoring the engine has given the built on the 1845 filter bed site. development from beam engine to rotative museum one of its toughest challenges with a When the steam engines were taken out of power. Four engines were rescued and are now great deal of the work taking place in damp and ground service in the mid-l940s, the then Chairman and restored and operated every weekend, including a muddy conditions underneath the floor of Chief Engineer of the Metropolitan Water Board 1910 horizontal cross compound engine. This the Maudslay house. When in service the engine took the decision to preserve the engines and engine was built for the Croydon Corporation at drew water from the site's filter beds, but as these bring in items from other sites which were being Waddon and was the last steam reciprocating no longer exist a completely new water circuit redeveloped. In the early 1970s, the team of engine used in public water supply, finally being has had to be devised to allow the engine to volunteers who had restored the Crofton beam shut down in 1983. A gallery exploring the 2,000- pump water from a sump. team engines visited Kew with a view to undertaking a year history of London's water was opened in At the end of 2003, the restoration comoleted what believe in similar, but more extensive project. Right from the 1 997, supported by funding from the Heritage we is a first outset, the new Kew Bridge Engines Trust wanted Lottery Fund and the European Union Konver preservation, the re-boring of the engine's air to restore the remaining engines to working programme. The museum aims to show all forms pump cylinder in-situ. When the air pump was pump rod and order, under steam, and it is still our belief that the of water pumping technology and includes a opened up it was found that the air best way for people to understand the principles waterwheel and horse gin in its collection and it piston were so badly corroded that a completely new rod measuring 4 inches diameter by 10 foot length was made and the piston fitted with new bronze piston rings. This operation, together with the re-boring took several weeks but is now complete and the air pump assembly ready for re- installation. This operation represents a significant milestone for the project and the beginning of the re-assembly of the whole engine. The interpretation of the engine will draw on Bull's clash with James Watt and also make use of CCTV to improve access to what is a rather box-like arrangement compared to a traditional beam engine. lt is also hoped that visitor access to the underfloor parts of the engine will be possible via a new staircase. Donations of labour; money and research about Edward Bull are welcome and should be sent to project co- ordinator Nick Morgan at the museum. Kew Bridge Steam Museum is open daily 11am - 5pm, at Green Dragon Lane, Brentford, Middlesex, TW8 0EN, I 020 8568 4757. Website: Daphne, one of the volunteer engine drivers, demonstrates her skills at Kew Photo: Kew Bridge Stean Museun www.kbsm.org

INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 7 PHOTO FEATURE

STEAMING TIME AT CROSSNESS

One of the great beam engines at Crossness is now fully steamable, as reporied in lA News l29,page 9.The photographs give an impression of the most enjoyable event which took place there on Sunday 4 April 2004.

Right. 'Prince Consort' in steam at Crossness on Sunday 4 April 2004.

Below Eminent Victorians looking suitably irnpressed by the Crossness stearn engines (but not so sure about thp nl.r(tlr rrn<)

Photos: R. J. M. Carr

8 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 AIA NEWS

Are you missing out on Publications Awards What would you do CD, from which a short-list of (31 March each year) applicants will selected. an AIA Award? with f 500? Enter the be Aimed at local societies, there are Successful applicants will be AIA Council has recently increased no less than three awards - for your AIA & Dorothea notified by 3l October 2004, and both the number of awards and - newsletters, your journal, and Conservation Awards they will then have until 31 March the prize money available! 0ne of occasional publications. competition and it 2005 to complete the final the AIA s six main aims is to application package supported Essay Awards encourage improved standards of could be yours ! where appropriate, by illustrative (31 March each year) recording, research, conservation The first of the re-launched AIA & and supplementary material, which Another 'new' award two prizes and publication, and the annual - Dorothea Conservation Awards is again may be on CD lt is anticipated are available, a general prize and a presentation of awards at AIA being presented at the AIA that the short-listed project may student award. Conference is our way of Conference at Hatfield in August, involve a visit from one, or more, of highlighting achievement by And don't forget the AIA when one local group will find itself the judges. The winner will be members and others, especially the Conference Awards f500 better off. The purpose of the notified by 31 July 2005, in time to students who are the future of lA in (post-AlA Conference) Award is to support and encourage arrange for representation at the the UK. Our new suite of awards, You do not have to enter these - we voluntary conservation work on AIA Conterence rn autumn 2005. with current deadlines, are: offer the President's Award for the sites and artefacts of industrial, Hurry you still have timel Entry best rite visited and an lnitiative agricultural, and domestic forms and full details of the rules are Fieldwork and recording awards Award for interpretation or importance. lt is made by and available from, and should be (1 March each year) ambition in taking on a challenge! through the generosity of Dorothea returned by 30 September 2004 to: There are three awards in this Restorations Ltd, and judged by a David Lyne, Dorothea Award for category: our Main Award for the We know that excellent work is panel of judges nominated by the Conservation, c/o I0 Somerville best piece of field work and being done and exciting research AIA Council The Award consists of a Road, Leicester, LE3 2El recording; the Student Award for and conservation projects are being plaque and a cheque for f500, and fieldwork and recording; and the planned. Why not enter - as an entries which are commended by Editor's new e-mail individual or as a society? The AIA the judges will receive Certificate Initiative Award for innovative a address projects - we are looking at the can achieve its aim of of Commendation. publicising Please note the e-mail address for work of local societies here. acknowledging and The deadline for the Award for contacting the Editor of lA Newshas excellence, and you or your society 2005 has been extended from 31 now changed to: Dorothea Award for can proudly celebrate your July, so potential prize-winners now Conservation achievements and enhance your have until 30 September 2004 to [email protected] uk (Form submitted by 30 September reputation for work in lA. There is submit an outline of their 2004 and Final Details required by something to aim at for everybody application. Entry for an Award is CORRECTION 31 March 2005) in lA - and don't forget the made by completing a Form of We apologise to lan West who Recently reintroduced, with thanks increased prize money! You know Application, together with brief spoke about Foxton at the AIA to Dorothea Restorations Ltd, this is that you now should be thinking description of the project, outline of lronbridge Weekend but was for practical work, especially that seriously about your entry. proposed final entry, and wrongly named on page 4 of lA done by local groups. Mike Eone illustratrons, all of which can be on News 129. AIA SALES The following items are available from the Sales Officer: AIA REGIONAL GAZETTEERS INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY REVIEW Canbridge & Peterborough {4.95 Cumbria f2.35 EACK I55UE5 Devon f4.95 Greater Manchester f4.95 Volumes I - Vl Kent f4.95 North West Wales: f3.95 Vol. 1. 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INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 9 NEWS

Wolverhampton Works and the former tower across the whole lronworks even more of this fascinating site to Wolverhampton Power Station. and the surrounding World Heritage visitors and help bring the past to canalside threat under At Broad Street are the late landscape. life for many more years to come.' A year has passed since demolition nineteenth century wharves and The two major programmes of Michael Messenger was announced of the former Albion warehouses built for the Shrooshire work undertaken involved the Wharf buildings at Horseleyfields, Union Railway & Canal Co., and the conservation of the water balance Famous funnel rises Wolverhampton. Work is now filled-in Hay Basin. Beside the top tower and major engineering and again nearing completion on the housing lock are early canal cottages and the consolidation work to the retaining The most famous. if not the least development that has been built on foundations of a Boatman's walls behind the main bank of seen funnel in maritime history has the vacant site. Gone are the tvvo Mission. The adjoining Little's Lane furnaces. The works to the retaining hit the news again. Following the canal warehouses, one built for Bridge has the appearance of being wall were particularly challenging as explosion on the 55 Great Eastenls Henry Pratt, the other for Shiptons. original and would date from the the wall was on the point of maiden voyage on 9 September Also gone are most of the years 1771 or 1772. With collapse. lt was also found that the 1859, the great ship put into Engineering Works established by regeneration firmly in the minds of area behind it was riddled with Weymouth Bay and an undamaged J.A Shipton and the only survivor the local authority, it will be only a tunnels, shafts and vents associated portion of the No.1 funnel was from this range of structures is matter of time before many more of with carrying hot air away from and has been acquired by the Weymouth Albion Flour Mill, which these structures will be remd back to the furnaces as part of the Watenivorks Co. to be used as a incorporated into to the _ blowing process. Tying the strainer at its Sutton Poyntz water development. Wolverhampton's crumbling wall back through these canalside quarter was once lined Blaenavon unveiled structures to the rock behind 50urce. with interesting building and Following a major four-year required considerable skill. gradually they have been taken f800,000 programme of The opportunity has also been down. A recent casualty was William conservation and preservation at taken to relocate the memorial to Edwards' Griffin Works where edge Blaenavon lronworks, Alun Pugh Sidney Gilchrist Thomas who, with tools were made. This building AM, Minister for Culture, Welsh his cousin Percy Carlyle Gilchrist, occupied the land formerly Union Language and Sport, formally made the technical breakthrough at Wharl which belonged to the unveiled the latest phase of works Blaenavon of finding a way to later Wolverhampton Boat Co. and at the World Heritage site on a rainy produce steel from phosphoric iron Crowley & Co. 1 July. 0re. A few buildings of note still Substantial parts of the Alun Pugh, who will be remain, but for how long? They monument are now open to visitors remembered by many members include the Wharfingers House in for the first time and they will now from the South-East Wales Union Mill Road, formerly on the be able to explore, unaccompanied, Conference, said: 'Wales has an wharf ofThomas Best, Canal Carrier. the main furnace yard, the cast industrial heritage to be proud of, Ihe Old Factory which, a search of house and closely examine one of and Blaenavon lronworks is an local records indicates, started as a the furnaces. Guided tours will also excellent example of the fresh piece of ironwork hom woollen spinning mill and gun be provided to the upper areas of approach we are taking to preserve The last suruiving the SS Great Britain is lifted fron the banel boring factory and was later site, far-reaching views this important legacy. The recent the offering reseruoir chamber at Sutton Poyntz where it associated with bell making and from the top of the water balance conservation work here will open up served as a strainer for | 4j yearc hinge making before later use in the Photo: lohn Willows cheese, butter and tallow lines. Across the canal. and beside the The funnel oortion was installed station, is a range of buildings in the spring of 1860 and was in dominated by Norton's Flour Mill constant use until its removal on 1 1 complete with canal loading wharf November 2003. Some dimensions and the Mill Annexe buildings on includer diameter 86 inches; length the former Price's Wharf that of section (vertical height) 63 probably retains elements of the inches; thickness of plate % inch; former Bickley Danks & Co. Caniers strainer hole size % inch diameter. Warehouse. The railway buildings Construction: two semi-circular include the LNWR Mill Street plates, butt jointed together with Warehouse and the infilled single cover-plate, riveted and interchange basin. random bolted on one side where At Lower Horseleyfields are plates were dismantled for located the Commercial Wharf transporting to the site. To act as a buildings originally established by strainer holes were drilled around Crowley & Co., including stables and the circumference: three rows at a boat dock. In Walsall Street middle level and ten rows at the various notable buildings include bottom. the Briton Motor Works, apparently In September 2003 the Sutton the only structure in this area Poyntz pumping station was shut deemed worthy to have a blue down and work started on re- plaque. Further along, the former landscaping the Spring Head water canal-served Crosbie Paint Works source. Two major parts of this work building still remains, whilst in the Seen re-opening the Blaenavon ironworks site are, left to right, Councillor Neil Lewis, involved covering the springs with Toiaen Borough Council, Councillor Mark Godwin, Mayor of Blaenavon, Alun Pugh AM, adjoining Commercial Road, there an impermeable membrane and Iynne Neagle AM, John Lewis, Custodian at Blaenavon lronworks, and Ton Cassidy, Chief Nail refurbishing the former reservoir are frontages of the Crown Executive of Cadw Photo: Canbrensis

1O INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 NEWS outlet chamber. In order to carry out from Bowler's mineral water the lattel it was necessary to manufactory which were inspected remove the strainer from around the on the 1 987 AIA Bath conference. DOROTHEA outlet. So the funnel became Derrick Warren (5145) then spoke redundant and on 1 1 November about James Gillingham of Chard, a 2003 the last surviving structural character who earned fame RESTORATIONS piece of ironwork from the Greaf pioneering artificial limbs, made of Easternwas lifted from the reservoir hollow leather. to the astonishment LTD outlet chamber at where it had of the surgeons who carried out served as a strainer for 1 43 years. amputations in the nineteenth- Incorporating Ernest Hole (Bngineers) of Sussex 5o what is to become of the century London teaching hospitals. funnel? Conservation advice is The firm he founded continued in CONTRACTORSAND CONSULTANTS IN THE being sort and options are being this line until 1950. Gillingham also C O N SERU'AT I O N O F HISTORI C M ETALWO RK, explored as to its future. 0nce had lots of other inventions (such as MACHINERY AND WIND/WATER MILLS established, proposals can then be the forerunner of the Zimmer frame) out to Wessex Water with a view to but failed to oatent them. deciding what is best for one of Dr Frank Crompton closed the Recent contracts include designs for an atmospheric Dorset's best-kept secrets! afternoon with a talk on how the railway, and a replica steam locomotive, restoration of John Willows medical museum at the Charles l8C lead sculptures, repair and gilding of the Albert Sutton Poyntz Water Supply Hastings Education Centre was Memorial bronze decoration, conservation work on Museum established. lt was open for a visit Turbinia, Lion, Sans Pareil and Locomotion, and even after the conference. All in all a most the restoration of an hydraulic catafalque! Worcester hosts instructive day out. Roger Ford regional conference Over 100 man years expenence The Worcestershire lA & Local 22nd South East Region History Society hosted a very successful 35th South Wales & West lA Conference Northern Works: New Road, Whaley Bridge, via Stockport, of England Regional lA Conference This year's conference was held at Clreshire SK23 7JG Contact: Dave Hodgson at the Charles Hastings Education Petersfield on Saturday 17 April. lt Tel: (01663) 133544 Fax: (01663)734521 Centre of the Worcestershire Royal was hosted by the Hampshire Hospital, Worceste[ on 24 April. The Industrial Archaeology Society, Southern Works: Riverside Business Park, St Annes Road, St. conference attracted an attendance whose members did an excellent.iob Annes Park, Bristol, BS4 4ED. Contact: GeofF Wallis of no less than 1 30 delegates. The in organising and running the Tel: (0l l'7)9115331 Fax: (01 17)9111611 mayor opened the proceedings and meeting. Alistair Penfold of the society patron Henry Sandon of TV Hampshire County Museum Service fame was very much in evidence spoke about the development of a throughout the day. Lectures were comprehensive Hampshire history even coal mining (a very inferior later ones copied, or more often did limited to 30 minutes duration (does collection relating to its seam of coal). The island's location not copy, the principles adopted by this reflect reduced concentration manufactories and the development has seen shipbuilding, aircraft and the designer of the Wey Navigation. span of us older attendees?), of road transoort. The inclusion of hovercraft manufacture, mills, yacht The last talk was by the covering a very wide range of collections from such well-known building, prisons and military treasurer of the Hollycombe Steam subjects. companies as Tasker & Sons, infrastructure. Collection who spoke about the Tony Wherry of the Thorneycroft, and Wallis & Steevens Still on a maritime theme, Ray history and the present day running Worcestershire County Record made it imperative that proper Riley's talk focussed on the building of this attraction near Liphook that Office spoke on research from oublic access was made available. A of naval capital ships in Portsmouth features a large collection of steam ancient maps (the Mappa Munday site in Basingstoke was offered to in the nineteenth and early driven fairground rides, three resides not far away at Hereford build a new museum, and the twentieth centuries. He argued that railways, traction engines and steam cathedral), then Dr Stephen Mills concept and designs for'Milestones' the study of ships that are no longer rollers. After the meeting closed (GSIA) followed on adaptive re-sue were 00rn. in existence is not strictly industrial many of the delegates went to special of the Stroud valley mills. Bernard Next Ron Martin of Sussex I A archaeology, but rather industrial or Hollycombe where a opening had been arranged Mills of the local society gave a Society spoke about the history of maritime history. His talk also I A Society fascinating talk on the Kays of Shoreham Cement Works where the reviewed the background to the Hampshire Worcester catalogue shopping industrial activity on the site dates slow introduction of steam into the business, having saved all the firm's from the 1850s. and cement was Navy. Money for mills records from belng skipped. The manufactured from at least 1898 After lunch Stuart Chrystall The Mills Archive Trust is seeking morning concluded with Richard until the works closed in 1992. The spoke on the Wey Navigation and its financial support from anyone Newcombe-Guest's illustrated raw materials of chalk and clay were place in the development of river interested in the heritage of mills. A history of the Bishop Castle Railway. dug from local pits. navigation. The route today is national archive specialising in mills After lunch Monty Ellis (BIAS) Robert Martin of the lsle of almost exactly the same as it was and milling is being created and the gave a dissertation on the Wight I A Society then spoke about when it was opened in 1653, Trust has raised almost f 20,000 'Telegraph' inns of England and the industrlal archaeology of the whereas many later navigations from individuals and groups as well Wales, then next up was Stuart island. Geology has resulted in the were extensively altered during their as obtaining a f50,000 grant from Bunoughs from the Bath Museum alum industry, brickmaking, lifetimes. The talk investigated the the Heritage Lottery Fund. This grant of Industry talking about some of glassmaking, stone quarrying, lime- factors influencing the design of was described by the HLF as rating the half-million artefacts recovered burning, cement manufacture, and navigation and the extent to which 'one of the best f50.000 we have

INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 11 NEWS spent so far,' and it has given the and Venice in Peril has recently 'Bridport 9' but the back gives the Department of Archaeology, Trust a good staft by putting most of allocated f94,000 to pay for an information in Roman numerals. University of York, The King's Mano4 the catalogued content on the emergency stabilisation operation with an additional distance to York, England, United Kingdom lnternet. and a full technical survey. lt is Sarum, XLllll miles (that's 44). As the Y017EP, email: hcml @york.ac.uk. Most of the money has been estimated that it will cost 900,000 illustration shows. this side has oeen spent on specific projects but the Euros to restore the crane to its damaged and so it would seem the Transport Trust Awards Trust needs to build up its regular former glory and it is hoped that a stone was turned around and re-cut. 2004 income to cover regular outgoings. restored crane would serve as a ls this a rarity, or are there many Prince Michael of Kent awarded this Since starting, the Trust has been monument to British engineering other stones around the country that year's Transport Trusts awards at promised five very large private greatness. Anyone interested in have received a similar treatment? RNR collections and over 50 smaller supporting this project is asked to Dorset lA Societv HMS President, the headouarters London's St ones, and is gradually taking over contact Venice in Peril, Unit 4, in Dock. The Preservationist the 5PAB Mills Section collection. Hurlingham Studios, Ranelagh Katharine Continuity and Change of the Year Award went to Mervyn Some 500,000 records are being Gardens, London SW6 3PA, I 020 made freely available to the public. 7736 6891. at York Alcock who demonstrated outstanding leadership the For information on how to The Society for Historical in restoration of Barrow Hill, the UK's support the work of the Mills lA Workshop in Archaeology Annual Conference for Archive Trust, please contact the will be held outside North America last surviving active round-house Romania has become leading Chairman ofTrustees, Ron Cookson, for the first time on 5-10 January which now a lnternational Conference and heritage railway centre. The young Watlington House, 44 Watlington An 2005. The venue will be York, Workshop on Industrial Archaeology Preservationist of the Year Award Street, Reading RG'l 4RJ. Or visit the England, and gives a unique is being held from 28 September to went to two brothers, Paul and Peter excellent website: opportunity for those interested in October Mare, wwwmillsarchive.com. 3 2004 in Baia all aspects of Historical Archaeology Howard of the North Norfolk Romania. The scientific programme (from the fifteenth century to the Railway. Lifetime Achievement (lectures (Land New Forum for and debates) will focus on present day) to meet, hear of awards were to Brian Bashall specific industrial archaeology research, and discuss issues of Rover heritage), Raymond Baxter European Water issues (The in a de-industrialisation common concern. Heritage Association of Dunkirk Little (Old Museums transition context. The tours management and education are Ships), George Jago Gaffers) programme include guided and John Jolly (for distinguished Kew Bridge Steam Museum (Great will also important topics, and there is to study visits to the historic industrial services preservation). In Britain) and the Museum de also a large section devoted to to railway region Maramure_ as also Cruquius (Netherlands) have joined of as well Underwater Archaeology. The addition, certificates were other industrial in 2003 forces to establish a new forum for heritage sites conference theme of Continuity and made to winners of the Transilvania. participants Transport Trust Restoration Awards. water related museums in Europe. For Change has been chosen to arriving in Bucharest, a brief tour of The Transport Trust is the UK's only The forum has been created as an highlight continuities and the industrial heritage of the capital email group hosted by Yahoo and is differences chronologically (from national charity established to intended to act as a discussion will be organised. the Middle Ages) and spatially promote and encourage the please preservation group for directors and senior For further details (between European and Colonial and restoration of contact the program coordinator - the management of any European and post-Colonial contexts), though Britain's transport heritage for lamandescu, Romanian benefit nation including rail, museum which falls into one of the lrina many papers will not be closely of the Ministry of Culture and Religious air and waterborne transport. following categories: related to the theme. The SHA Affairs, Directorate Historic for website at wrivw.sha.org has more Heritaoe Link 1. Steam-pumping stations that are Monuments and Museums. Address: information and printable open to visitors. Kiseleff _os. 30, Bucure_ti sector 1, application forms, and a dedicated Radio news 011347, O.P. 33; +40 21 224 44 2. Feature water management in I conference web page can also be The Lizard Wireless Station in 21. Fax +40 21 222 82 39. e-mail: general and who have devoted a found at www.york.ac.uk/depts/ Cornwall has recently been listed as irina. iamandescu@cu ltura. ro substantial part of their exhibition a rch/S HA2005/SHAwelcome. htm. the oldest surviving purpose-built to the steam-era. Conference Chair: Harold C. Mvtum, radio station in the world. A re-used milestone in The forum aims to freely exchange ideas, gain more insight into related Dorset museums and to build networks There is a good sequence of resulting in the creation of partner- milestones along the A35 between Liltl Dorchester and Bridport, each giving projects throughout Europe. r"her Any museum who wishes to join the distance between those two il.s t" the group should go to: Dorset towns. The stone 3 miles out http://groups.yahoo.com/group/ of Bridport bears the additional ru rn 6 eurooeanwatermuseums/ information that it is 50 miles from \o Sarum (Salisbury), which may be ,d po Lesley Eossine, Museum Director, I to Kew Bridge Steam Museum because it was at or near the )y western terminus of the Harnham, orcheste( 9 Armstrong Mitchell Blandford & Dorchester Trust, a turnoike established in 1 753. lXto crane in Venice Evidence for the re-cycling of a o The Venice in Peril Fund is seeking to milestone was observed recently by r,Jp rt restore an 1883 Armstrong Mitchell chance on the A35 to the west of crane in the Arsenale that is 37 Winterbourne Abbas and 6 miles ti$,/r,11,/11p metres high and was capable of t[\h" from Dorchester. The front of the 'r,r',ttr lifting I60 tons. lt is badly rusted milestone gives 'Dorchester 6' and Two faces of the Dorset milestone

12 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 LETTERS

The Editor welcomes correspondence on all matters of interest to our readers

'l Building the lron Bridge foundry was still active in 785; that advantage. Paul Belford does not rolling mills established by James the foundry was located the include the classic illustration of the Mills were located I enjoyed reading David De Haan's in at the top of the on bank River Smethwick engraving and also bordered recent article'The lron Bridge - New Gorge, the of the Tangye Factory at on the Severn; was complete its ranges ordered Research in the lronbridge Gorge' in and that the foundry with of Miss Colmore Canal. The steam part lndustrial Archaeology Review of a concern that smelted iron. buildings and masted sailing craft driven rolling mills changed hands Intriguingly, according this Canal eventually the (XXVI, May 2004, N0.1, pp 3-19). to on the Birmingham and came to written account, this ironworks also Navigation ! Elkington family who continued the David's paper formed a useful, and featured forge equipped with Charles Reeves' Toledo Works metal rolling business until the more illuminating companion to the a hearths drawing air-blast from appears have been works lucrative business for which they are excellent BBC2 Timewatch to a either bellows, blast main. changing best known was established on the programme 'The Mystery of the lron or a transformed by Furthermore was occuoation. illustration site. The style of the later additions Bridge'.lt presented a lively account this forge The powerful published is one similar to that in reflects the affluence to which they of both the research, and equipped with hammers, and 1860 and some were clearly achieved. The original metal rolling reconstructive phases; and afforded waterpowered tilt so engaged making wrought number of buildings would have been far more an invaluable insight into favoured was in canied through for a iron via the 'stamping and potting' GWR guides. lt shows the works in basic, I suspect. IGMT research methodologies. process. The description the Charlotte Street looking towards Ray Shill I note that David appears to of strengthens the case for George Street, Birmingham. The West Midlands Group Secretary support the argument that foundry the canal arm was Whitmore's Arm, a Railway & Canal Historical Society components for the lron Bridge Bedlam. However, waterpowered forge might have private waterway owned by the were cast from a temporary air been located elsewhere? Colmore Family. Toledo was a furnace erected in the square Skills, society and songs I sincerely hope that David will special type steel particularly alongside the bridge, rather than at of I would agree with Peter Hughes present his archaeological and/or favoured for sword making. Whilst it the nearby (600m downstream), (Letters, lA News 1 29, page 1 1 ) that historical evidence bridge might seem appropriate to assign riverside foundry at Bedlam for we underplay the importance of casting in the square at lronbridge. the role of cementation furnace to Furnace. Alas, he does not cite technical ability in society, unless it Unfortunately, without citing valid the cone at the rear of the buildings archaeological and/or historical is connected with computers, evidence in support of his claim, facing what might be the George evidence in support of this Indeed, wearing my 'hat' as Hon David's paper may legitimise and Street side of the property, I believe hypothesis. Vice President of the National Piers entrench another lronbridge lA the original purpose of the cone was It might be suggested that Society, l'm happy when we're in a glass manufacture. Early Colmore contemporary writings are currently myth. position to present the Peter Mason Paul H. Vioor Estate records mention the land as perceived as carrying more award for excellence in piers' Tetiord John Gold. Glasscutter. A archaeological interpretive weight let to engrneenng. Birmingham Journal Sales Advert than the contemporary artistic Yet I can't accept the argument (27 February 1858) mentions St record? lf this be the case, perhaps Monasteries of that 'art, poetry and music can only Pauls Glassworks, George St, with the most reliable written evidence manufacture exist if we have leisure.' For didn't eight pots and cone the relating to the casting of in the Guinness Book of Records used The oublication of Paul Belford's Wilson. occuoation of Thomson and to note that the oldest known song components for the lron Bridge can article' Monasteries of Manufacture' There is therefore reason to doubt 'Chadouf', time be found in the I 785 travel accounts Review is sung since in lndustrial Archaeology that its purpose was the same as the of Frenchmen Francois and (XXVI, pp immemorial by irrigation workers on May 2004, No.1, 45-62) cementation furnaces that existed Alexandre de La Rochefoucauld the man-powered treadwheel Nile details several Birmingham scenes. at the Brades, 0ldbury and William (Scarl N., ed., (1995) lnnocent water mills in what is now the Birmingham industry has been a Brierley Hill and more Hornblower at United Arab Republic? And work has Espionage: The La Rochefoucauld study of mine for some time now. likely had a different role associated proved powerful on Brothers' Tour of England in | 785. published a influence Sutton has one of my with the making of flint glass. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, pp culture ever since. books on the subject and another is Elkington's works was another 93-1 00). Tim Mickleburgh almost ready for publication. Paul location that changed with The de La Rochefoucauld Belford utilised a number of 33 Littlefield Lane, Grimsby, modification. The original metal Lincolnshire DNSl 2AZ brothers were fortunate, upon illustrations from the GWR Guide in lronbridge, encounter a arrival to 1863 and I have seen others in workman who had been employed previous annual publications, for project. on the lron Bridge However, example 1860. They do, of course, VISIT THE AIA 'workman', this was no ordinary this provide useful representations of was Thomas Gregory Abraham factory buildings, like the balloon pattern Darby lll's foreman maker, views published in later years. and builder of the mahogany model I am not so sure about the www. industrial-archaeology. org. uk of the lron Bridge currently residing monastic connection being in the Science Museum. Gregory applicable in all cases, however, as Our website contains infirrmation on the Association (surely a most reliable witness?) several factories in the Birmingham for Industrial Archaeokrgy, including Membership, arranged for the brothers to tour: district seemed to evolve as one '...the Abstracts of Industrisl Archaeology Review, Awards, foundry where the bridge was manufacturer took over the 'At Conferences, Affiliated Societies and Sales. The made.' This foundry was located: premises of another. Another factor, place [a] lwhere] the Severn runs which might be considered is that Diary g ,,,, e, of events, day-schools and through a deep gorge...'(pp 95-96). these drawings were put together conferen ,,r in more detail than can be The de La Rochefoucauld account by artists and reflected an artistic published in lndastriql Archaeology Nen s. Links give suggests that: the bridge view changing perspective in some access to other soci€ties, museums and organisations components were cast In a cases and highlighting certain in the world of industrial archaeology. permanent foundry; that the features such as chimneys to best

INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 13 REGIONAL NEWS

North West England Nelson, one of the former cotton weaving towns of East Lancashire, is very much a creation of the nineteenth century, although the adjoining towns of Burnley and Colne are much older. Nelson grew up around the Nelson Inn, hence its name, after the railway opened a station there in 1849 to serve the districts of Marsden and Barrowford. The textile industry was already established in the area by that date and some early mills, such as Lomeshaye, had been built for spinning. However, by the early twentieth century, when it had become the fourth largest weaving town in Lancashire, there were no spinning mills. Some of the mills in Nelson were amongst the largest in Lancashire, housing over 2,000 looms, operated on the Room-and- Power principle and specialising in Rupert Street Nelson. Co-op shop, terrace houses, Spring Bank Mill (still weaving) and the green hills beyond weaving fine cloths. Weaving mills Photo: Roger N. Holden consist largely of single storey sheds, with north-light roofs, for Hill, creates a distinctive sense of recently as last year. Lomeshaye affected other East Lancashire housing the looms but most Nelson place. Parts of this landscape have Mills and attendant housing has towns including Colne and Burnley. mills have large multi-storey been lost already. 0nly three been cut off from the town centre by In recent years it has become almost warehouse and preparation blocks. chimneys survive in anything like the motonivay. One, possibly unique, impossible to sell properg in certain The mills line the Leeds & complete state, and one of these is survival is the Socialist lnstitute of parts of these towns and houses Liverpool Canal and Walverden disfigured by mobile phone aerials. 1907 in Vernon Street; 'Socialism have been abandoned.Ihe response Water with some later mills A 1960s shopping centre took out Our Hope' reads the slogan over the of the councils has been to seek positioned on Hendon Brook, a part of the town centre. The three front door, but it is a moot point demolition of the affected housing lesser water course which needed large nonconformist chapels which whether their hopes have been and replacement with modern, augmenting by reservoirs. occupied the town centre, forcing fulfilled or not. lower density,'sustainable' housing. Sunounding the mills are streets of the established church to the This landscape is now under Some demolition has been canied terraced housing which, with the periphery have been demolished, threat, amazingly from falling house out in the Southfield area of Nelson ever-present backdrop of Pendle Can Road Wesleyan Methodist as prices, a phenomenon which has while Burnley proposes to demolish some 300 houses this year. Although the councils appear to blame the terraced housing itself ('unpopular and socially obsolete' claims Pendle Council), elsewhere in the North West such property is in demand suggesting that the real problems are social and economic ones which may not be solved by this 'back to the 1 960s' approach. 'Don't demolish our homes, help our community' reads a plaintive notice in front windows of houses in the Daneshouse area of Burnley. Howevet a compulsory purchase order by Pendle Borough Council for houses in the Whitefield area of Nelson met with much more serious opposition. This was applied for in 2001 at the same time as a small area around St Mary's Church was designated as a Conservation Area, showing some recognition on the Council's behalf of the historic value of the landscape. Howevel the Heritage Trust for the North West Spring Bank Mill, Nelson, still weaving in 2003 who already owned certain property Photo: Roger N. Holden in the area, including the redundant

14 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE1L)GY NEW' I30 REGIONAL NEWS

NtrRNTAGE ENGINEERD(G Preseruing Our Heritage For Future Generations

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22-24 Cotmyle Avenue, Glosgow, Scoflond, G32 EHJ Tel +0044 l41 753 0007 Fox +0044 l41 763 0583 [email protected] www.heritogeengineering,com Nelson old and new: the minaret of the mosque competes with the chimney of Pendle Street Shed for conmand of the skvline Photo: Roger N. Holden IncorporatinB Walter MacFarlanc & Company Ltd

5t Mary's Church and Lomeshaye But for those who prefer Bridge Mill, considered that the traditional water mills to the vast Conservation Area should be mills of Nelson. the North West also widened to include those properties has plenty to offer. Recently, Mike proposed for demolition and they Redfern and other volunteers at the were supported in this by English National Trust's Nether Alderley Mill Heritage and the Victorian Society. in Cheshire have been carrying out a English Heritage found that, detailed survey and have been able contrary to the claims of the to greatly extend our understanding Council, none of the houses were of this mill, which is unusually unfit to live in and were all capable powered by two waterwheels in of being improved. Following a tandem. They have been able to public inquiry the Compulsory establish that the mill was in Purchase order was rejected in existence by 1598 and some timbers September 2003. In the meantime, in the mill would appear to pre-date the Council had in fact purchased a major rebuilding of that year. much of the property, but following Some twelve distinct phases have this announced that they were to been identified in the develooment work with English Heritage to of the mill, which cease operating in develop a new plan for the 1 939. One interesting feature of the Whitefield area. The Heritage Trust survey is the analysis of graffiti for the North West has agreed to found in the stonework and ourchase and renovate some of the woodwork of the mill. much of houses. But the wheels of which has been traced to the Government move more slowly than various millers and their families. markets and the ripples of the rising The mill is open from April to the house market over the last year end of October on Wednesday to have even reached East Lancashire, Friday, Sunday and Bank Holiday perhaps rendering the demolition Mondays from 13.00-17.00 (last Houses in Mosley Street await their fate - denolition or renovation? policy obsolete. entry 16.30) when the machinery is Photo: Roger N. Holden

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 15 REGIONAL NEWS run although unfortunately no number of years a real problem milling can be canied out. building has been the former British Elsewhere in the North West. Railways road parcel van garage Park Mill at Royton near 0ldham, a and maintenance depot. When the cotton spinning mill dating from M40 Westway was built railway 1912. was demolished earlier this land was taken for its construction year while in Stockport Woodrow's and in compensation a new building Hat Works, one of the few surviving for British Railways was erected. The purpose-built hat works in the town site, between Westway and the will probably have gone by the time canal was very confined. The garage this appears in print. Bolton Council to the east was tucked away next to has regrettably decided not to the canal beneath the Harrow Road develop the building next to the roundabout. lt has a dramatic pre- Northern Mill Engines Society as a cast roof with a high glazed museum where the imoortant clerestory. The roof's exterior is clad collection of textile machinery with zinc. This garage is often cunently held in store by the Council unnoticed but when the west block could be displayed. A consultant's is considered, poking up above report instead recommended that Westway, the quality of the The site ofthe Brunel Bridge at Paddington Basin, with the last rennants ofthe abutnents the area around the existing central architecture is readily apparent. lt being cleared away. Note the tenporary dans closing the canal Photo: R. J. M. Carr museum and art gallery should be contained offices, workshops and new station is close to what remains and at the site of the new 2.065-ton developed as a'cultural quarter' (a mess rooms. Designed by Paul of the Munich-style German CTRL bridge across the East Coast currently fashionable concept it Hamilton and John Bicknell (see Gymnasium of 1864. Main Line north of King's Cross seems) although whether textile below) and built in 1966-68, the To the north and west of the 5t station, the twin bores of the great machinery is included in their Paddington Maintenance Depot was Pancras train shed the whole area of tunnel at the Western Portal are concept of'culture' is unclear. finally listed Grade ll* in April 1994. brick railway viaducts which now clearly visible. Apart from a Roger N. Holden The problem since has been to find a supported the tracks of the Midland short breathing space at Stratford, use for it and it has been featured Railway has been cleared, down to this long tunnel will stretch from the on national television as an almost Greater London ground level. The sheer scale of the Western Portal atTQ 303 841 to the hopeless cause. However, the After many years of privacy demolition is prodigious; the Ripple Lane Portal TQ 488 830, just fashion company Monsoon is now Paddington Basin, the 1 801 London amount of brickwork removed has west of the Ford Motor Works, using building its terminus of the Grand Junction the for been vast. An idea of the scale of Dagenham, a total distance of headquarters and with the Canal, is now accessible to the demolition can be gained when it is nearly 12 miles and half the length surrounding rapidly general public. One can at last walk area pointed out that 60 million bricks of the Channel Tunnel itself. approaching the status of Canary along the towpath which borders were used in building 5t Pancras At Stratford the line will emerge Wharf this icon building should have the west side of the Paddington Arm station and its approaches. The into the Stratford Box, a trench 1 066 an assured future. from the vicinity of 5t Mary's demolition work was completed metres long. A new international While working for British Hospital right through to Little rapidly by midJune 2004 and it is station is to be built here and many Railways, Bicknell and Hamilton had Venice. A great deal of now exceedingly difficult for anyone foreign visitors will get their first designed a number of signal boxes redevelopment, largely for office who did not know the vicinity of taste of England arriving at forthe Eastern and Midland Regions accommodation, is taking place in Midland Road to comprehend what Stratford. Wags have joked that and HarlowTown Station (1 959-60) the area and yet another'Dockland' the area was like for close on 140 American visitors might ask where listed Grade ll. They later set up in is being born. What is happening years. The Midland Railway had an Anne Hathaway's cottage is, and private practice, designing here along the canal is reminiscent overwhelming presence here and that in order to satisfy the demand Birmingham New Street signal box of, say, Nottingham or Bristol, but the ubiquitous red brick, gothic one will be built. The area 1964-66 (listed Grade ll). owing to higher property values arches, and a plethora of former Paddington Maintenance Depot is much taller office blocks are being coal drops and coal offices was the last of their railway buildings built. The oedestrian areas are almost oppressive to anyone not and is reckoned to be the finest. lt presently well populated and the entirely in tune with Victorian taste. was given an award by the Concrete public seems well pleased with the Part of London with a unique and Society in 1969 and a Civic Trust new amenrTy. unforgettable character has Award 1970. In mid-May a JCB was removing vanished. From the Barlow trainshed 0n Good Friday 9 April 2004, the last remnants of the abutments northwards to 0ld St Pancras Midland trains ceased forever to use of L K. Brunel's cast-iron girder Churchyard every railway arch has the magnificent 245 feet clear span bridge for Bishop's Bridge Road (see gone. This complete clearance is if train shed at 5t Pancras. After 136 the article by Malcolm Tucker in // anything more dramatic than that years of use this was indeed an News129, pp 2-3). Since Malcolm's which took Dlace on the east side of historic event. On Easter Monday 12 photographs a section of the canal 5t Pancras station over Christmas April, Midland services restarted was dewatered by constructing two 2001. lt must surely be true in terms from a temporary Interim station to temporary dams made from of the volume of material removed. the north east of the old train shed. waterproof tarpaulin supported on Many of the 1 860s bricks disposed After Midland trains are transfened iron frames and founded on beds of of are said to have been to their final new home further west fresh gravel. manufactured by child labour. in 2006. the Interim station will The large-scale redevelopment Tunnelling work beneath the become the terminus for commuter Former Paddington Maintenance Depot, to the nofth west of Paddington North London Railway and out to 1966-68 listed grade ll", now the trains to Gravesend and Kent via the Station has been of some benefit to the east is now nearly completed Monsoon headquafters Channel Tunnel Rail Link (CTRL). This the conservation movement. For a Photo: R. J. M. Carr

16 INDUSTRIAL ARCHAE)L)GY NEWS 130 REGIONAL NEWS

With a length of 315 metres (1,033 many cases it is a 'long game', as feet) it is the world's longest single witnessed by recent developments roof structure. The new Arsenal in Bristol. Two sites mentioned in /,4 stadium is being built at Ashburton News 122 are again in the public Grove. eye: new plans for the The former LNWR hydraulic 'undeveloped' two-thirds of the old accumulator tower close to the George's Bristol Brewery are shortly canal and next to the West Coast to be registered and we have just main line railway at Camden (TQ had news of yet another public 283 839) has been restored and enquiry (in February 2005) now serves as a staircase and lift concerning the proposed tower for an adjacent housing development of the old Bristol development. An article by Tim United Breweries maltings site. The Smith in the recently published proposals for the brewery are far London's lndustrial Archaeology better than those previously number 8, pages 38-45, describes approved - all being well, the most this tower. significant parts of the (unlisted) Funding has been obtained for brewery buildings and the the Pump House Museum project significant remnants of the old 5t Pancras lnterim Station. This new station is close to what renains of the Munich-style (TQ German Gymnasium of 1864, seen on the right. Part of the great Barlow train shed is on Walthamstow E17 362 8821, sugar refinery will be retained, in the left Photo: R. J. M. Carr which currently is mainly concerned addition to the Grade ll listed former with transport. However a long-term tramways generating station on the surrounding and to the south east of distinguished by names. Between aim is to establish a museum of the site. Plans to reopen the Clifton part the new station is the subject of Stratford and King's Cross we had industries of the Lea Valley. There is Rocks Railway in Bristol as of a programme major refurbishment scheme for the large-scale expenditure and is being 'Bertha' and Annie' on Contract a lively of events this year just radically transformed by 220, where they finished on 27 (8 020 852'1 1766). We shall Avon Gorge Hotel have been hear more site at the next AIA announced. This funicular railway, redevelopment. The aim of this is January. To the east of Stratford, of this partly to present a suitable first 'Brunel' and 'Hudson' had Conference. near Brunel's famous bridge, was impression of Britain. The 2012 completed their boring for Contract Robert Carr opened in 1893 and ran through a gradient Olympic Stadium might be built to 240 by December 2003. The tunnel at a of 1 in 2.5 to until the north west at Hackney Wick and remainder of the tunnel to the connect Clifton to Hotwells West of England if this takes place a very great Ripple Lane Portal, Contract 250, closure in 1934. The cost of AIA'research' seminar restoration is estimated at f10-1 5 transformation of the Lower Lea used 'Judy' and 'Maysam' and At the recent Valley will ensue. Inevitably, what boring there was finished on 24 at the University of Nottingham, AIA million. industrial archaeology there is will February this year. These six TBMs president Angus Buchanan From Somerset Brian Murless involvement in the in the main be swept away. will now be industrial archaeology reminded delegates of the early reports on SlA5 Delegates attending the 2004 AIA and may already have been reduced days of lA and the high-profile Grade ll listing of a former shirt battles that eventually factory in Taunton, Shirt and collar Conference will have the I0 5cra0. conservation local manufacture were quite significant opportunity of visiting this area The extensive tram system led to the formation of before any impending wholesale centred on Croydon continues to societies and, in 1973, of the AIA in Somerset and Devon and a few of such issues now hit these buildings have been studied clearance. provide a frequent service but, itself. Whilst few probably protected Rather than being extracted despite a number of tramway the headlines, we are more or in this way., The three- approach as local storey brick St Augustine Street from the CTRL tunnel works in the schemes in the pipeline for other effective in out premises is traditional manner using shafts, parts of London, no actual building societies in the regions go about date from 1899. lt their careful, often confidential, and threatened by plans of Somerset spoil was taken to Stratford work seems likely in the immediate persistent Club expand their underground by rail along the future. The traditional London work to identify and County Cricket to completed line, where a great Routemaster bus with conductor protect buildings and landscapes. In nearby ground. SIAS is also working mound either side of the Stratford and open rear platform remains in Box is being formed, Material service but their numbers are excavated from the Box was also diminishing as new replacements placed here and presently the are introduced. mound is as high as 16 metres The Wembley stadium site above the existing ground level. The presently sprouts a veritable forest intention is to spread out this great of cranes. Demolition of Sir Owen pile to form a plateau about 6 Williams' 1923 stadium began in metres above ground level and the September 2002 and the beloved local redevelopment will take place twin towers are no more. Their on top of this. Little if anything can passing seems to have been quite now remain of the former railway unpopular with football fans who works where so many famous Great had hoped they at least would have Eastern locomotives were built or been incorporated into the new the huge motive power depot which development. Somd smaller items in 1923 had an allocation of 555 were salvaged from the old stadium locomotives. They are just buried. and have gone to the Brooking As is usual in large tunnelling Collection at the University of operations the CTRL tunnel boring Greenwich. The conspicuous new machines (TBMs) were 1 33-metre tall arch has been raised. The steam drainage engine at AIlernoor on the Somerset Levels Photo: SlAs

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 17 REGIONAL NEWS

lnterior of the Hepworth building, Morland's tannery at Glastonbury This listed shin factory in St Augustine Street, Taunton, is threatened by redevelopment Photo: Brian Murless Photo: Stephen Miles hard to secure the survival of disused, but the original mill Somerset County Council is to co- modern' is the most recent. The Allermoor Pumping Station where building and wheelpit for the ordinate the production of a development of these regional steanr-driven pumps raised water famous 60-feet diameter research framework for archaeology strategies is very important for lA from the levels for eventual outflow waterwheel, remain mainly intact. in South West England - defined and the AIA will need to draw upon to the Bristol Channel. The original There also remains what is said to here as Gloucestershire, Wiltshire, the expertise and knowledge of Easton & Amos engine and pump have been a row of workers' Somerset, Dorset, Devon and local and county groups in the South survives, as do the engines from cottages, later used for other Cornwall - for English Heritage. This West to ensure lA is well Stanmoor (1864) and Southlake purposes, but these appear to be in is the largest of the nine English represented in this study.

('l 869) that were rescued and stored ooor structural condition. regions and covers some 1 8 per cent Mike Bone here by a former chief engineer to Finally, we have news of a of the total area of England. The the Somerset Rivers Board. SIAS has development that might well be of work will be completed over the also contributed to the recording of major signif icance to the future next two years and is structured into a former Morland's tannery at studv of lA in the South West. eight 'themes', of which 'industrial/ Glastonbury. This innovative ferro- concrete building by Arthur Hepworth (1911-2003) had an REGIONAL CORRESPONDENTS impressive steel roof supported by 48 prefabricated concrete beams. Please support your Regional Conespondent by sending relevant material which may be of interest to our readers. The need for constant vigilance Region 1:SCOTLAND Region 5:WALES Region 11: HOME COUNTIES in the protection of out transport Dr Miles 0glethorpe, RCAHMS, John Pat Frost, Castlering Archaeology, 6 Oxfordshire, Bedfordshire, Berkshire, heritage comes f South rom Sinclair House, 16 Bernard Terrace, Castle Ring, Pontesbury Hill, Pontesbury B uck i ng ha ms h i re a nd Hertfordsh i re Gloucestershire where the cast-iron Edinburgh EH8 9NX Shrewsbury Shropshire 5Y5 OYA Phil Morris, 71 Van Diemans Road, plate from a milestone at Vale, Region 2: IRELAND Region 7: WEST MIDLANDS Stanford in the Oxon, 5N7 8HW Hawkesbury Upton on the cunent Michael Coulter, Department of Shropshire, Staffordshire, West Region 12:SOUTH EAST (thought eighteenth 446 to be Environment, Historic Monuments and Midlands, Warwickshire, Hereford and ENGLAND century) was removed and offered Buildings, 5-33 Hill Street, Belfast 1 Worcester Hampshire and lsle of Wight, Suney, for sale in the ebay internet auction john Region 3: NORTHERN ENGLAND Powell,,lronbridge Gorge Museum Sussex and Kent site. David Viner. Chairman of the coalbrookdale' Alan Thomas, 6 Birches Close, Epsom, cumbria, Notthumberland, Tyne and J'l:t , S-t^t:l^*oad' Milestone Society, has made Telford TF8 7DQ 5JG. a.h.thomas@ wear. Durham and cleveland Surrey KT18 Email: strenuous efforts to involve the Graham Brooks, Coomara, Carleton, Region 8: EAST MIDLANDS btinternet.com police and local council to stop the Carlisle, Cumbria CA4 OBU Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire, Region 13: WEST OF ENGLAND 5a te. Region 4: YORKSHIRE AND Lincolnshire, Leicestershire and Somerset, Avon, Gloucestershire, In North Dorset, the important Northamotonshire HUMBERSIDE Wiltshire and Dorset industrial site at Bourton Mill is the David Lyne, l0 Somerville Road, Mike Bone, Sunnyside, Avon Close, North, South and West Yorkshire and subject a planning Leicester LE3 2ET Keynsham, Bristol BS18 lLQ of application for Humberside 43 houses, doctor's surgery and Derek Bayliss, 30 Muskoka Avenue, Region 9: EAST ANGLIA Region 14: SOUTH WEST business units. The site on the River Bents Green, Sheffield S1 1 7RL Cambridgeshire, Norfolk, Suffolk and ENGLAND Stour was the home of the famous Essex Region 5: NORTH WEST Devon and Cornwall E.5. Hindley once David Alderton, 48 Quay Street, foundry that ENGLAND VACANI volunteer urgently required. employed 200 workers and exported Halesworth, Suffolk lP19 8EY Lancashire, Merseyside, Greater its work throughout the world. A fair Manchester and Cheshi re Region 10: GREATER LONDON proportion of the site is covered by a Roger N. Holden, 35 Victoria Road, Dr R.J.M. Can, 127 Queen's Drive, relatively modern factory, now Stockoort 5K1 4AT London N4 2BB

18 INDIJSTRIAL ARCHAEjL)GY NEWS 130 PUBLICATIONS

Local Society and other periodicals received Landscapes of Technology Transfer: Swedish lronmakers in lndia 1860-1864 by Jan af Geijerstam. Stockholm: Jernkontoret, 2004. pp, Abstracts will appear in lndustrial Archaeology Review. 456 illus. |SBN 91 974131 5 1. This hardback book contains the full material upon which the author BIAS Newslette,4 l, February 2004 delivered paper the TlCClH2000 Congress London which Brewery History, I 13, Autumn/Winter 2003 a at in subsequently appeared in the Transactions. The introduction discusses the Brewery History Society Newsletter,2T, Spring 2004 questions raised and the investigative method. lt is followed by four parts Dorset lndustrial Archaeology Society Newsletter,8 & 9, February & and a discussion.The parts cover the Colonial Context and Histories May 2004 final of The Stage and Key Players; Technology Canied; and Projects in a Focus on lndustrial Archaeology (Hampshire Industrial Archaeology lron; the Global System. The book is highly detailed, fully referenced with a Society), 62, June 2004 bibliography and beautifully produced. GLIAS Newsletter,2l2, June 2004 Hampshire lndustrial Archaeology Society lournal, 12, 2004 The Archaeology lndustrialization, ed. by David Barker & David lmages of England, 9, 2004 of Cranstone. Leeds: Maney,2004.340 pp,115 illus. ISBN 1 904350 0'l 1. lndustrial Heritage,29/3, Winter 2003 & 30/1, Spring 2004 f58.00 (f29.00 to delegates, f43.50 to AIA and SPMA members). Lancashire History Quarterly, 7/3, Winter 2003 & 8/1, Spring 2004 This hardback volume includes the papers given at the Archaeology of London's lndustrial Archaeology, 8, 2004 Industrialization Conference held in Bristol in October 1999. Organised Manchester Region lndustrial Archaeology Sociqty Newsletter, 107, jointly by the AIA and SPMA, some 21 papers are published, together with May 2004 an introduction and conclusion. The papers are grouped under headings: The Mundling Stick (Lion Salt Works Trust), 10/1, Spring 2004 Approaches to the Archaeology of Industrialization', 'lndustry in the rural Nottinghamshire lndustrial Archaeology Society Journal, 2911 , landscape','Landscapes of mining','Settlement and the urban landscape', March 2004 Artefacts and industry'; 'Material culture and social change' and 'The Post-Medieval Archaeology, 38/1 , 2004 influence of the past on the present'. Scottish lndustrial Heritage Society Bulletin,3l & 32, May & June 2004 Somerset lndustrial Archaeological Society Bulletin,95, April 2004 Suffolk lndustrial Archaeology Society Newsletter,85, May 2004 Suney lndustrial History Group Newsletter, 139, May 2004 TICCIH Bulletin,24, Spring 2004 Wind and Water Mills (Midland Wind and Water Mills Group), 23, 2004 Yorkshire History Quarterly, 9/3, February 2004 THE BOOK HOUSE The leading industrial archaeology booksellers since Books Received 1963 - books on all aspects of technology & transport The following books have been received for review in lndustrial Archaeology Review. Ltsrs ISSUED - FnBe SEARCH SERVICE British Anti-invasion Defences, 1940-1945, by Austin J Ruddy. Our new shop is now open, near the top of the Storrington:Historic Military Press,2003.32 pp, illus. ISBN 1 901313 20 4. F f3.49. Obtainable from the publishe; Freepost SEA 1 1014, Pulborough, West village street, adjoining allowfield Sussex RH20 48R. The Book House, Fallowfield, Ravenstonedale, guide detailing the network of anti-invasion defences Pocket reference 4NG constructed in Britain during World War ll. Sited at road junctions, railway Kirkby Stephen, Westmoreland CAIT embankments, alongside canals, on farms, estates and along the beaches Telephone and Fax: 015396-23634 many of these structures, commonly called 'pillboxes' soon became common e-mail : mail@the bookhouse.co.uk sights throughout the country. This book provides a brief and concise insight into the history of pillboxes, anti-tank obstacles, airfield and other defences Open daily except Sunday & Tuesday: 9am-5pm which have survived the passing of sixty years of development and erosion. or visit our bookstall at many IA conferences Well-illustrated in colour, with plans and grid references to various examples, this book will prove a useful handbook for fieldwork.

AIA CONFERENCE 2OO4 HERTFORDSHIRE and the LEA VALLEY IT'S HERE! WHERE? University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield WHEN? Pre-conference seminar Friday 13 August Main Conference Friday l3 August to Sunday 15 August Post-conference programme Sunday 15 August to Thursday l9 August

Last chance details from: The AIA Liaison Officer, AIA Office, Department of Archaeology, University of Leicester, Leicester LEl 7RH. I 0l 16 252 5337, Fax: 0116 252 5005, e-mail: [email protected]

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS 130 19 DIARY

13-19 AUGUST 2004 28 SEPTEMBER 2004.8 mail: [email protected], AIA ANItIUAt CONFERENCE: MARCH 2OO5 or Frank Meddens, Pre-Construct HERTFORDSHIRE & tEA SIHG INDUSTRIAT Archaeology, Brockley Cross VATLEY ARCHAEOLOGY LECTURES Business Centre, 96 Endwell Road, at the new de Havilland Campus of at the University of Surrey, London, SE4 2PD, e-mail: the University of Hertfordshire, Guildford, the Surrey Industrial [email protected], Hatfield. Your last chance to book! History Group's 29th series of 11 Contact the AIA Liaison Officer for fortnightly lectures on wide-ranging 6 NOVEMBER 2OO4 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF information (address on page 2). topics including paper making, INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES, canal lifts, straw hats, sound minors, 16-19 SEPTEMBER 2OO4 PART TWO John Logie Baird and television, THIRD INTERNATIONAT at the lronbridge Gorge Museum, WWll boatwomen, theWealden iron EARTY RAITWAYS Coalbrookdale , the second part of industry Robert Mann Lowne and CONFERENCE this unique conference will cover Inspiration and Perspiration. Details at the National Railway Museum, the results of work done in the from Stuart Chrystall (SIHG York. For details contact: Early Midlands and North of England, and lectures), Dene Lodge, Drovers Way, Railways Conference Office, in the Atlantic World. Contact details Ash Green, Aldershot, Hampshire National Railway Museum, Leeman as for Part One. Road, York Y026 4XJ, I 01904 GUl2 6HY. 5.10 JANUARY 2OO5 621261. 2 ocToBER 2004 CONTINUITY AND CHANGE THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF 23SEPTEMBER-3OCTOBER at York University, the Society for INDUSTRIAT PROCESSES, 2004 Historical Archaeology's Annual PART ONE INTERNATIONAT Conference aspects of at the London Archaeological on all CONFERENCE & WORKSHOP historical archaeology from the ON IA Archive & Research Centre, London, fifteenth century to the present day. Baia Mare, Romania, with to cover the results of recent at See page 12 for more information. lectures and study visits. For details archaeological investigations of contact: lrina lamandescu, industrial processes and production 2-3 APRIL 2005 Romanian Ministry of Culture & sites in London, the south of AIA IRONBRIDGE WEEKEND Religious Affairs, Directorate for England, Europe and the East. For at the lronbridge Institute, Historic Monuments and Museums, information, contact Paul Belford, Coalbrookdale. e-mail: [email protected]. lronbridge Archaeology, lronbridge Advance notice only. INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOTOGY NEWS page Gorge Museum Trust, (formerly AIA Bulletin ISSN 0309-0051) See 12 for more information. 23 APRTL 2005 Coalbrookdale, Telford, TF8 7DQ, e- tsSN 1354-1455 SOUTH EAST REGION IA CONFERENCE Editor: Dr Peter Stanier at Chertsey Hall, Heriot Road, Chertsey, Surrey, hosted by Suney Published by the Association for lndustrial Archaeology. Contributions should be Industrial History Group. Advance sent to the Editor Dr Peter Stanier, 49 notice only. Breach lane, Shaftesbury, Doset SP7 8LF. 8-10 JULY 2005 News and press releases may be sent to NAMHO CONFERENCE 2OO5 the Editor or the appropriate AIA Regional at Juniper Hall Field Centre, Conespondents. The Editor may be telephoned on 01747 854707 or e-naiL Mickleham, near Dorking, Surrey, a i a n ews I etter@ya hoo. co. u k. organised by the Wealden Cave & Mine Society with the assistance of Final copy dates are as follows: the Chelsea 5peleological Society, January for February mailing Kent Underground Research Group April for May mailing and Subterranea Britannica. A July for August mailing programme of lectures, October for November mailing underground and surface trips, focusing primarily on medieval and The AIA was established in | 973 to pronote the study of Industrial Archaeology and post-medieval underground encourage improved standards of recording, quarries, building-stone chalk mines research, conservation and publication. lt and underground quanies, and the ains to assist and support regional and Wealden ironstone mines. For specialist survey groups and bodies involved details see the website: in the preseruation of industrial monumenE, to represent the interests of lndustrial http://namho2005.wcms.org.uk and Archaeology at national level, to hold for further enquiries e-mail: conferences and seminars and to oublish the [email protected], results of research. fhe AIA oublishes an or 8 01 737 243912, or write to annual Review and quarterly News bulletin. Robin Albert, 13 Beaufort Road, Further details may be obtained from the Liaison Officen AIA Office, School of Reigate RH2 9DQ. Archaeological Studies, University of PLEASE VIEW THE AIA Leicester. Leicester LEI 7RH. WEBSITE'S DIARY SECTION Z 0l l6 252 5337 Fax: 0l l6 252 5005.

FOR THE LATEST NOTICES The views exoressed in this bulletin are OF CONFERENCES AND not necessarily those of the Association MEETINGS for Industrial Archaeology.

20 @ Association for Industrial Archaeology, August 2004 Registered in England under the Companies Act 1948 (No. 1325854) and the Charities Act 1950 (No. 277511) Registered office: c/o IGMT, Coach Road, Coalbrookdale, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7DQ gtaAtvaA l{, Tea Drihr C^'.,i'^. I i-i+^l Dl^-i4^-l E^-..- ^^---.