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Evidence of a New Carcharodontosaurid from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco
http://app.pan.pl/SOM/app57-Cau_etal_SOM.pdf SUPPLEMENTARY ONLINE MATERIAL FOR Evidence of a new carcharodontosaurid from the Upper Cretaceous of Morocco Andrea Cau, Fabio Marco Dalla Vecchia, and Matteo Fabbri Published in Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 2012 57 (3): 661-665. http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.2011.0043 SOM1. PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS Material and Methods The data set of the phylogenetic analysis includes 37 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) (35 ingroup neotheropod taxa, including one based on MPM 2594; and two basal theropod outgroups, Herrerasaurus and Tawa), and 808 character statements (see S2 and S3, below). The phylogenetic analyses were conducted through PAUP* vers. 4.010b (Swofford 2002). In the analysis, Herrerasaurus was used as root of the tree. The tree search strategy follows Benson (2009). The analysis initially performed a preliminary search using PAUPRat (Sikes and Lewis 2001). The unique topologies among the most parsimonious trees (MPTs) resulted after the preliminary search were used as a starting point for 1000 tree-bisection-reconnection branch swapping heuristic searches using PAUP*. Included taxa (and source for codings) Outgroup Herrerasaurus (Sereno 1993; Sereno and Novas 1993; Novas 1994; Sereno 2007) Tawa (Nesbitt et al. 2009) Ingroup Abelisaurus (Bonaparte and Novas 1985; Carrano and Sampson 2008) Acrocanthosaurus (Stoval and Landston 1950; Harris 1998; Currie and Carpenter 2000; Eddy and Clarke 2011) Allosaurus (Gilmore 1920; Madsen 1976) Baryonyx (Charig and Milner 1997; Mateus et al. 2010) Carcharodontosaurus (Stromer 1931; Sereno et al. 1996; Brusatte and Sereno 2007) Carnotaurus (Bonaparte et al. 1990) Ceratosaurus (Gilmore 1920; Madsen and Welles 2000). Compsognathus (Peyer 2006) Cryolophosaurus (Smith et al. -
Late Jurassic Theropod Dinosaur Bones from the Langenberg Quarry
Late Jurassic theropod dinosaur bones from the Langenberg Quarry (Lower Saxony, Germany) provide evidence for several theropod lineages in the central European archipelago Serjoscha W. Evers1 and Oliver Wings2 1 Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland 2 Zentralmagazin Naturwissenschaftlicher Sammlungen, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany ABSTRACT Marine limestones and marls in the Langenberg Quarry provide unique insights into a Late Jurassic island ecosystem in central Europe. The beds yield a varied assemblage of terrestrial vertebrates including extremely rare bones of theropod from theropod dinosaurs, which we describe here for the first time. All of the theropod bones belong to relatively small individuals but represent a wide taxonomic range. The material comprises an allosauroid small pedal ungual and pedal phalanx, a ceratosaurian anterior chevron, a left fibula of a megalosauroid, and a distal caudal vertebra of a tetanuran. Additionally, a small pedal phalanx III-1 and the proximal part of a small right fibula can be assigned to indeterminate theropods. The ontogenetic stages of the material are currently unknown, although the assignment of some of the bones to juvenile individuals is plausible. The finds confirm the presence of several taxa of theropod dinosaurs in the archipelago and add to our growing understanding of theropod diversity and evolution during the Late Jurassic of Europe. Submitted 13 November 2019 Accepted 19 December 2019 Subjects Paleontology, -
The Origin and Early Evolution of Dinosaurs
Biol. Rev. (2010), 85, pp. 55–110. 55 doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2009.00094.x The origin and early evolution of dinosaurs Max C. Langer1∗,MartinD.Ezcurra2, Jonathas S. Bittencourt1 and Fernando E. Novas2,3 1Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP, Universidade de S˜ao Paulo; Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeir˜ao Preto-SP, Brazil 2Laboratorio de Anatomia Comparada y Evoluci´on de los Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘‘Bernardino Rivadavia’’, Avda. Angel Gallardo 470, Cdad. de Buenos Aires, Argentina 3CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient´ıficas y T´ecnicas); Avda. Rivadavia 1917 - Cdad. de Buenos Aires, Argentina (Received 28 November 2008; revised 09 July 2009; accepted 14 July 2009) ABSTRACT The oldest unequivocal records of Dinosauria were unearthed from Late Triassic rocks (approximately 230 Ma) accumulated over extensional rift basins in southwestern Pangea. The better known of these are Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis, Pisanosaurus mertii, Eoraptor lunensis,andPanphagia protos from the Ischigualasto Formation, Argentina, and Staurikosaurus pricei and Saturnalia tupiniquim from the Santa Maria Formation, Brazil. No uncontroversial dinosaur body fossils are known from older strata, but the Middle Triassic origin of the lineage may be inferred from both the footprint record and its sister-group relation to Ladinian basal dinosauromorphs. These include the typical Marasuchus lilloensis, more basal forms such as Lagerpeton and Dromomeron, as well as silesaurids: a possibly monophyletic group composed of Mid-Late Triassic forms that may represent immediate sister taxa to dinosaurs. The first phylogenetic definition to fit the current understanding of Dinosauria as a node-based taxon solely composed of mutually exclusive Saurischia and Ornithischia was given as ‘‘all descendants of the most recent common ancestor of birds and Triceratops’’. -
The Geology, Paleontology and Paleoecology of the Cerro Fortaleza Formation
The Geology, Paleontology and Paleoecology of the Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Patagonia (Argentina) A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Victoria Margaret Egerton in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy November 2011 © Copyright 2011 Victoria M. Egerton. All Rights Reserved. ii Dedications To my mother and father iii Acknowledgments The knowledge, guidance and commitment of a great number of people have led to my success while at Drexel University. I would first like to thank Drexel University and the College of Arts and Sciences for providing world-class facilities while I pursued my PhD. I would also like to thank the Department of Biology for its support and dedication. I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Kenneth Lacovara, for his guidance and patience. Additionally, I would like to thank him for including me in his pursuit of knowledge of Argentine dinosaurs and their environments. I am also indebted to my committee members, Dr. Gail Hearn, Dr. Jake Russell, Dr. Mike O‘Connor, Dr. Matthew Lamanna, Dr. Christopher Williams and Professor Hermann Pfefferkorn for their valuable comments and time. The support of Argentine scientists has been essential for allowing me to pursue my research. I am thankful that I had the opportunity to work with such kind and knowledgeable people. I would like to thank Dr. Fernando Novas (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales) for helping me obtain specimens that allowed this research to happen. I would also like to thank Dr. Viviana Barreda (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales) for her allowing me use of her lab space while I was visiting Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales. -
Implications for Predatory Dinosaur Macroecology and Ontogeny in Later Late Cretaceous Asiamerica
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Theropod Guild Structure and the Tyrannosaurid Niche Assimilation Hypothesis: Implications for Predatory Dinosaur Macroecology and Ontogeny in later Late Cretaceous Asiamerica Journal: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Manuscript ID cjes-2020-0174.R1 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the 04-Jan-2021 Author: Complete List of Authors: Holtz, Thomas; University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Geology; NationalDraft Museum of Natural History, Department of Geology Keyword: Dinosaur, Ontogeny, Theropod, Paleocology, Mesozoic, Tyrannosauridae Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special Tribute to Dale Russell Issue? : © The Author(s) or their Institution(s) Page 1 of 91 Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 1 Theropod Guild Structure and the Tyrannosaurid Niche Assimilation Hypothesis: 2 Implications for Predatory Dinosaur Macroecology and Ontogeny in later Late Cretaceous 3 Asiamerica 4 5 6 Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. 7 8 Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA 9 Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC 20013 USA 10 Email address: [email protected] 11 ORCID: 0000-0002-2906-4900 Draft 12 13 Thomas R. Holtz, Jr. 14 Department of Geology 15 8000 Regents Drive 16 University of Maryland 17 College Park, MD 20742 18 USA 19 Phone: 1-301-405-4084 20 Fax: 1-301-314-9661 21 Email address: [email protected] 22 23 1 © The Author(s) or their Institution(s) Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences Page 2 of 91 24 ABSTRACT 25 Well-sampled dinosaur communities from the Jurassic through the early Late Cretaceous show 26 greater taxonomic diversity among larger (>50kg) theropod taxa than communities of the 27 Campano-Maastrichtian, particularly to those of eastern/central Asia and Laramidia. -
A Re-Evaluation of the Enigmatic Dinosauriform Caseosaurus Crosbyensis from the Late Triassic of Texas, USA and Its Implications for Early Dinosaur Evolution
A re-evaluation of the enigmatic dinosauriform Caseosaurus crosbyensis from the Late Triassic of Texas, USA and its implications for early dinosaur evolution MATTHEW G. BARON and MEGAN E. WILLIAMS Baron, M.G. and Williams, M.E. 2018. A re-evaluation of the enigmatic dinosauriform Caseosaurus crosbyensis from the Late Triassic of Texas, USA and its implications for early dinosaur evolution. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63 (1): 129–145. The holotype specimen of the Late Triassic dinosauriform Caseosaurus crosbyensis is redescribed and evaluated phylogenetically for the first time, providing new anatomical information and data on the earliest dinosaurs and their evolution within the dinosauromorph lineage. Historically, Caseosaurus crosbyensis has been considered to represent an early saurischian dinosaur, and often a herrerasaur. More recent work on Triassic dinosaurs has cast doubt over its supposed dinosaurian affinities and uncertainty about particular features in the holotype and only known specimen has led to the species being regarded as a dinosauriform of indeterminate position. Here, we present a new diagnosis for Caseosaurus crosbyensis and refer additional material to the taxon—a partial right ilium from Snyder Quarry. Our com- parisons and phylogenetic analyses suggest that Caseosaurus crosbyensis belongs in a clade with herrerasaurs and that this clade is the sister taxon of Dinosauria, rather than positioned within it. This result, along with other recent analyses of early dinosaurs, pulls apart what remains of the “traditional” group of dinosaurs collectively termed saurischians into a polyphyletic assemblage and implies that Dinosauria should be regarded as composed exclusively of Ornithoscelida (Ornithischia + Theropoda) and Sauropodomorpha. In addition, our analysis recovers the enigmatic European taxon Saltopus elginensis among herrerasaurs for the first time. -
Back Matter (PDF)
Index Note: Page numbers in italic denote figures. Page numbers in bold denote tables. Abel, Othenio (1875–1946) Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, Robert Plot 7 arboreal theory 244 Astrodon 363, 365 Geschichte und Methode der Rekonstruktion... Atlantosaurus 365, 366 (1925) 328–329, 330 Augusta, Josef (1903–1968) 222–223, 331 Action comic 343 Aulocetus sammarinensis 80 Actualism, work of Capellini 82, 87 Azara, Don Felix de (1746–1821) 34, 40–41 Aepisaurus 363 Azhdarchidae 318, 319 Agassiz, Louis (1807–1873) 80, 81 Azhdarcho 319 Agustinia 380 Alexander, Annie Montague (1867–1950) 142–143, 143, Bakker, Robert. T. 145, 146 ‘dinosaur renaissance’ 375–376, 377 Alf, Karen (1954–2000), illustrator 139–140 Dinosaurian monophyly 93, 246 Algoasaurus 365 influence on graphic art 335, 343, 350 Allosaurus, digits 267, 271, 273 Bara Simla, dinosaur discoveries 164, 166–169 Allosaurus fragilis 85 Baryonyx walkeri Altispinax, pneumaticity 230–231 relation to Spinosaurus 175, 177–178, 178, 181, 183 Alum Shale Member, Parapsicephalus purdoni 195 work of Charig 94, 95, 102, 103 Amargasaurus 380 Beasley, Henry Charles (1836–1919) Amphicoelias 365, 366, 368, 370 Chirotherium 214–215, 219 amphisbaenians, work of Charig 95 environment 219–220 anatomy, comparative 23 Beaux, E. Cecilia (1855–1942), illustrator 138, 139, 146 Andrews, Roy Chapman (1884–1960) 69, 122 Becklespinax altispinax, pneumaticity 230–231, Andrews, Yvette 122 232, 363 Anning, Joseph (1796–1849) 14 belemnites, Oxford Clay Formation, Peterborough Anning, Mary (1799–1847) 24, 25, 113–116, 114, brick pits 53 145, 146, 147, 288 Benett, Etheldred (1776–1845) 117, 146 Dimorphodon macronyx 14, 115, 294 Bhattacharji, Durgansankar 166 Hawker’s ‘Crocodile’ 14 Birch, Lt. -
Beaked, Bird-Like Dinosaur Tells Story of Finger Evolution 17 June 2009
Beaked, bird-like dinosaur tells story of finger evolution 17 June 2009 James Clark, the Ronald B. Weintraub Professor of The newly discovered dinosaur's hand is unusual Biology in The George Washington University's and provides surprising new insights into a long- Columbian College of Arts and Sciences, and Xu standing controversy over which fingers are present Xing, of the Chinese Academy of Science's in living birds, which are theropod dinosaur Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and descendants. The hands of theropod dinosaurs Paleoanthropology in Beijing, have discovered a suggest that the outer two fingers were lost during unique beaked, plant-eating dinosaur in China. the course of evolution and the inner three This finding demonstrates that theropod, or bird- remained. Conversely, embryos of living birds footed, dinosaurs were more ecologically diverse in suggest that birds have lost one finger from the the Jurassic period than previously thought and outside and one from the inside of the hand. Unlike offers important new evidence about how the three- all other theropods, the hand of Limusaurus fingered hand of birds evolved from the hand of strongly reduced the first finger and increased the dinosaurs. The discovery is featured in this week's size of the second. Drs. Clark and Xu and their co- edition of the journal Nature. authors argue that Limusaurus' hand represents a transitional condition in which the inner finger was "This new animal is fascinating in and of itself, and lost and the other fingers took on the shape of the when placed into an evolutionary context it offers fingers next to them. -
Osteology of the Dorsal Vertebrae of the Giant Titanosaurian Sauropod Dinosaur Dreadnoughtus Schrani from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina
Rowan University Rowan Digital Works School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship School of Earth & Environment 1-1-2017 Osteology of the dorsal vertebrae of the giant titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur Dreadnoughtus schrani from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina Kristyn Voegele Rowan University Matt Lamanna Kenneth Lacovara Rowan University Follow this and additional works at: https://rdw.rowan.edu/see_facpub Part of the Anatomy Commons, Geology Commons, and the Paleontology Commons Recommended Citation Voegele, K.K., Lamanna, M.C., and Lacovara K.J. (2017). Osteology of the dorsal vertebrae of the giant titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur Dreadnoughtus schrani from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (4): 667–681. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Earth & Environment at Rowan Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in School of Earth & Environment Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Rowan Digital Works. Editors' choice Osteology of the dorsal vertebrae of the giant titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur Dreadnoughtus schrani from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina KRISTYN K. VOEGELE, MATTHEW C. LAMANNA, and KENNETH J. LACOVARA Voegele, K.K., Lamanna, M.C., and Lacovara K.J. 2017. Osteology of the dorsal vertebrae of the giant titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur Dreadnoughtus schrani from the Late Cretaceous of Argentina. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 62 (4): 667–681. Many titanosaurian dinosaurs are known only from fragmentary remains, making comparisons between taxa difficult because they often lack overlapping skeletal elements. This problem is particularly pronounced for the exceptionally large-bodied members of this sauropod clade. Dreadnoughtus schrani is a well-preserved giant titanosaurian from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) Cerro Fortaleza Formation of southern Patagonia, Argentina. -
The Origin of Birds
The Origin of Birds Birds have many unusual synapomorphies among modern animals: [ Synapomorphies (shared derived characters), representing new specializations evolved in the most recent common ancestor of the ingroup] • Feathers • Warm-blooded (also in mammals) • Specialized lungs & air-sacs • Hollow bones • Toothless beaks • Large brain Technical name for birds is Aves, and “avian” means “of or concerning birds”. • Cervicals very different from dorsals, allowing neck to fold into “S”-shape • Backwards-pointing pubis • Synsacrum (sacrum fused to pelves; pelvic bones • Fibula reduced to proximal splint fused together) • Astragalus & calcaneum fused to tibia • Proximal caudals very mobile • Hinge-like ankle joint • Pygostyle (distal caudals all fused together) • Furcula - (the wishbone) • Tarsometatarsus (distal tarsals fused to • Forelimb very long, has become wing metatarsals; all metatarsals fused together) • Carpometacarpus (semilunate carpal block fused • Main pedal digits II-IV to metacarpals; all metacarpals fused together) • Pedal digit I reversed, placed at bottom of • Three fingers, but digits all reduced so no unguals tarsometatarsus 1 Compare modern birds to their closest relatives, crocodilians • Difficult to find relatives using only modern animals (turtles have modified necks and toothless beaks, but otherwise very • different; bats fly and are warm-blooded, but are clearly mammals; etc.) • With discovery of fossils, other potential relations: pterosaurs had big brains, “S”- shaped neck, hinge-like foot, but wings are VERY different. • In 1859, Darwin published the Origin; some used birds as a counter-example against evolution, as there were apparently known transitional forms between birds and other vertebrates. In 1860, a feather (identical to modern birds' feathers) was found in the Solnhofen Lithographic Limestone of Bavaria, Germany: a Late Jurassic formation. -
DIEGO POL CV - Page 1 of 57
DIEGO POL CV - Page 1 of 57 DIEGO POL PERSONAL DATA Name: Diego Pol Passport Number: 23964293 (Argentina) Birth: Rosario, Argentina. June 23rd, 1974. Address: Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Av. Fontana 140, Trelew CP 9100, Chubut, Argentina Phone: +54 (2965) 420-012 (ext. 46) Email: [email protected] EDUCATION 2005 Ph.D., Dept of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York. 2004 M.Phil., Dept of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York. 2001 M.A., Dept of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York. 1994-1999 College Degree: Licenciado in Biological Sciences, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina. GPA: 8.65 (out of 10) Theses: Ph.D dissertation: “Phylogenetic relationships of basal sauropodomorph dinosaurs”, 705 pp. Insitution: Columbia University Grade: Straight Pass/Straight Pass Licenciatura thesis: “El esqueleto postcraneano de Notosuchus terrestris y su informacion filogenética”, 185 pp. Insitution: Universidad de Buenos Aires Grade: 10 (out of 10) VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY WORK EXPERIENCE 2015- Principal Researcher CONICET – Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio Trelew, Chubut, Argentina Research on phylogenetic relationships of fossil archosaurs DIEGO POL CV - Page 2 of 57 2011- Independent Researcher CONICET – Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio Trelew, Chubut, Argentina Research on phylogenetic relationships of fossil archosaurs 2006-2010 Adjunct Researcher CONICET – Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio Trelew, Chubut, -
Mapusaurus Roseae N
A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina Rodolfo A. CORIA CONICET, Museo Carmen Funes, Av. Córdoba 55, 8318 Plaza Huincul, Neuquén (Argentina) [email protected] Philip J. CURRIE University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9 (Canada) [email protected] Coria R. A. & Currie P. J. 2006. — A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina. Geodiversitas 28 (1) : 71-118. ABSTRACT A new carcharodontosaurid theropod from the Huincul Formation (Aptian- Cenomanian, Upper Cretaceous) of Neuquén Province, Argentina, is described. Approximately the same size as Giganotosaurus carolinii Coria & Salgado, 1995, Mapusaurus roseae n. gen., n. sp. is characterized by many features including a deep, short and narrow skull with relatively large triangular antorbital fossae, relatively small maxillary fenestra, and narrow, unfused rugose nasals. Mapu- saurus roseae n. gen., n. sp. has cervical neural spines and distally tapering epipo- physes, tall dorsal neural spines, central pleurocoels as far back as the first sacral vertebra, accessory caudal neural spines, stout humerus with poorly defined distal condyles, fused metacarpals, ilium with brevis fossa extending deeply into ischial peduncle, and femur with low fourth trochanter. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that Mapusaurus n. gen. shares with Carcharodontosaurus Stromer, 1931 and Giganotosaurus Coria & Salgado, 1995 several derived features that include narrow blade-like teeth with wrinkled enamel, heavily sculptured fa- cial bones, supraorbital shelf formed by a postorbital/palpebral complex, and a dorsomedially directed femoral head. Remains of Mapusaurus n. gen. were recovered from a bonebed where 100% of the identifiable dinosaur bones can KEY WORDS be assigned to this new genus.