Ornithological Monographs
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ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS No. 3. The Birds of Kentucky. R. M. Mengel. 1965. $25.00. ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS NO. 54 • SPOTTED OWL POPULATION DYNAMICS • FRANKLIN ET AL. ET DYNAMICS • FRANKLIN POPULATION OWL 54 • SPOTTED NO. MONOGRAPHS ORNITHOLOGICAL Ornithological No. 6. Adaptations for Locomotion and Feeding in the Anhinga and the Double-crested Cormorant. O. T. Owre. 1967. $10.00. No. 7. A Distributional Survey of the Birds of Honduras. B. L. Monroe, Jr. 1968. $25.00. No. 10. The Behavior of Spotted Antbirds. E. O. Willis. 1972. $10.00. No. 11. Behavior, Mimetic Songs and Song Dialects, and Relationships of the Parasitic Indigobirds (Vidua) of Africa. R. B. Payne. 1973. $10.00. Monographs No. 12. Intra-island Variation in the Mascarene White-eye Zosterops borbonica. F. B. Gill. 1973. $10.00. No. 13. Evolutionary Trends in the Neotropical Ovenbirds and Woodhewers. A. Feduccia. 1973. $10.00. No. 54 No. 14. A Symposium on the House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) and European Tree Sparrow (P. montanus) in North America. S. C. Kendeigh, Ed. 1973. $10.00. No. 15. Functional Anatomy and Adaptive Evolution of the Feeding Apparatus in the Hawaiian Honeycreeper Genus Loxops (Drepanididae). L. P. Richards. and W. J. Bock. 1973. $10.00. No. 16. The Red-tailed Tropicbird on Kure Atoll. R. R. Fleet. 1974. $6.00. No. 17. Comparative Behavior of the American Avocet and the Black-necked Stilt (Recurvirostridae). R. B. Hamilton. 1975. $10.00. No. 18. Breeding Biology and Behavior of the Oldsquaw (Clangula hyemalis L.). R. M. Alison. 1975. $6.00. No. 19. Bird Populations of Aspen Forests in Western North America. J. A. D. Flack. 1976. $10.00. No. 21. Social Organization and Behavior of the Acorn Woodpecker in Central Coastal California. M. H. MacRoberts and B. R. MacRoberts. 1976. $10.00. No. 22. Maintenance Behavior and Communication in the Brown Pelican. R. W. Schreiber. 1977. $6.00. No. 23. Species Relationships in the Avian Genus Aimophila. L. L. Wolf. 1977. $12.00. No. 24. Land Bird Communities of Grand Bahama Island: The Structure and Dynamics of an Avifauna. J. T. Emlen. 1977. $10.00. No. 25. Systematics of Smaller Asian Night Birds Based on Voice. J. T. Marshall. 1978. $10.00. Population Dynamics of the No. 26. Ecology and Behavior of the Prairie Warbler, Dendroica discolor. V. Nolan, Jr. 1978. $45.00. California Spott ed Owl (Strix occidentalis No. 27. Ecology and Evolution of Lek Mating Behavior in the Long-tailed Hermit Hummingbird. F. G. Stiles and L. L. Wolf. 1979. $10.00. occidentalis): A Meta-Analysis No. 28. The Foraging Behavior of Mountain Bluebirds with Emphasis on Sexual Foraging Differences. H. W. Power. 1980. $10.00. No. 29. The Molt of Scrub Jays and Blue Jays in Florida. G. T. Bancroft and G. E. Woolfenden. 1982. $10.00. Alan B. Franklin, R. J. Gutiérrez, James D. Nichols, Mark E. No. 30. Avian Incubation: Egg Temperature, Nest Humidity, and Behavioral Thermoregulation Seamans, Gary C. White, Guthrie S. Zimmerman, James E. Hines, in a Hot Environment. G. S. Grant. 1982. $10.00. Thomas E. Munton, William S. LaHaye, Jennifer A. Blakesley, No. 31. The Native Forest Birds of Guam. J. M. Jenkins. 1983. $15.00. George N. Steger, Barry R. Noon, Daniel W. H. Shaw, John J. Keane, No. 32. The Marine Ecology of Birds in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. D. G. Ainley, E. F. OȇConnor and R. F. Boekelheide. x + 97 pp. 1984. $15.00. Trent L. McDonald, and Susan Britting No. 33. Sexual Selection, Lek and Arena Behavior, and Sexual Size Dimorphism in Birds. R. B. Payne. viii + 52 pp. 1984. $15.00. No. 34. Pattern, Mechanism, and Adaptive Significance of Territoriality in Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus). J. Burger. xii + 92 pp. 1984. $12.50. PUBLISHED BY (Continued on inside back cover) THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE CALIFORNIA SPOTTED OWL (STRIX OCCIDENTALIS OCCIDENTALIS): A META-ANALYSIS ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS Editor: John Faaborg 224 Tucker Hall Division of Biological Sciences University of Missouri Columbia, MO 65211 Managing Editor: Bradley R. Plummer Proof Editors: Mark C. Penrose, Richard D. Earles AOU Publications Offi ce 622 Science Engineering Department of Biological Sciences University of Arkansas Fayett eville, Arkansas 72701 Ornithological Monographs, published by the American Ornithologists’ Union, has been established for major papers too long for inclusion in the Union’s journal, The Auk. Publication has been made possible through the generosity of the late Mrs. Carll Tucker and Marcia Brady Tucker Foundation, Inc. Copies of Ornithological Monographs may be ordered from Buteo Books, 3130 Laurel Road, Shipman, VA 22971. Price of Ornithological Monographs 54: $10.00 ($9.00 for AOU members). Add $4.00 for handling and shipping charges in U.S., and $5.00 for all other countries. Make checks payable to Buteo Books. Corresponding author of this issue, R. J. Gutiérrez. The cost of this Ornithological Monograph was defrayed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Library of Congress Control Number 2004100002 Printed by Cadmus Communications, Ephrata, PA 17522 Issued 30 January 2004 Ornithological Monographs, No. 54 vi + 54 pp. Copyright © by the American Ornithologists’ Union, 2004 ISBN: 0-943610-58-3 Cover: Spott ed Owl (Strix occidentalis), ink sketch by Viktor Bakhtin. POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE CALIFORNIA SPOTTED OWL (STRIX OCCIDENTALIS OCCIDENTALIS): A META-ANALYSIS By: Alan B. Franklin,1,2 R. J. Gutiérrez,3 James D. Nichols,4 Mark E. Seamans,3 Gary C. White,2 Guthrie S. Zimmerman,3 James E. Hines,4 Thomas E. Munton,5 William S. LaHaye,3 Jennifer A. Blakesley,2 George N. Steger,5 Barry R. Noon,2 Daniel W. H. Shaw,5 John J. Keane,6 Trent L. McDonald,7 and Susan Britting8 1Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA; 2Department of Fishery and Wildlife Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA; 3Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA; 4U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, 11510 American Holly Drive, Laurel, Maryland 20708, USA; 5U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacifi c Southwest Research Station, 2081 East Sierra Avenue, Fresno, California 93710, USA; 6U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Sierra Nevada Research Center, Pacifi c Southwest Research Station, 2121 Second Street, Suite A101, Davis, California 95616, USA; 7WEST, Inc., 2003 Central Avenue, Cheyenne, Wyoming 82001, USA; and 8P.O. Box 377, Coloma, California 95613, USA ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS NO. 54 PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION WASHINGTON, D.C. 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 STUDY AREAS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 LASSEN STUDY AREA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7 ELDORADO STUDY AREA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 SIERRA STUDY AREA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 SEQUOIA AND KINGS CANYON NATIONAL PARKS STUDY AREA ----------------------------------------------------------- 9 SAN BERNARDINO STUDY AREA ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 METHODS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 FIELD METHODS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10 Surveys ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 10 Estimation of reproductive effort ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 11 Capture, banding, sex and age identification, and resighting of owls ----------------------------------------------- 11 Pre-analysis data screening -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11 Meta-analysis workshop format ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 DATA ANALYSIS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 Changes in analytical methodology from previous Spotted Owl studies ------------------------------------------ 12 Estimating adult survival ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 Estimating fecundity ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14 Estimating rates of population change -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16 Comparison of Sierra and Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks study areas -------------------------