Dendrobium Gibsonii Lindleyi
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Indian Floriculture & Orchid Potential of North East India
ORCHIDS: COMMERCIAL PROSPECTS Courtesy: Dr. R. P. Medhi, Director National Research Centre for Orchids Pakyong, East Sikkim ORCHID FLOWER-UNIQUENESS INDIA FAVORING ORCHIDS Total land area of India - 329 million hectare. India is situated between 6o45’-37 o6’N latitude 68o7’-97o25’E longitudes. The distribution pattern reveals five major plant geographical regions viz., o North Eastern Himalayas o Peninsular region o Western Himalayas o Westerns Ghats and o Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands ORCHID RESOURCES OF INDIA (Number of Species-total) 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 No. of species No. 300 200 100 0 Himalayan Eastern Peninsular Central Andaman mountain Himalayas India India & and region Gangetic Nicobar plains Islands Regions STATE WISE ORCHID DISTRIBUTION IN INDIA Name of the State Orchids (Number) Name of the Orchids (Number) State Genus Species Genus Species Andaman & Nicobar Group of Islands 59 117 Maharashtra 34 110 Andhra Pradesh 33 67 Manipur 66 251 Arunachal Pradesh 133 600 Meghalaya 104 352 Assam 75 191 Mizoram 74 246 Bihar (incl. Jharkhand) 36 100 Nagaland 63 241 Chhatisgarh 27 68 Orissa 48 129 Goa, Daman & Diu 18 29 Punjab 12 21 Gujrat 10 25 Rajasthan 6 10 Haryana 3 3 Sikkim 122 515 Himachal Pradesh 24 62 Tamil Nadu 67 199 Jammu & Kashmir 27 51 Tripura 34 48 Karnataka 52 177 Uttaranchal 72 237 Kerela 77 230 Uttar Pradesh 19 30 Madhya Pradesh (inc. Chhattisgarh) 34 89 ORCHID RESOURCES OF INDIA (Endemic) 6 15 13 10 76 88 N.E. INDIA E. INDIA W. INDIA PENINSULAR INDIA W. HIMALAYAS ANDAMANS ORCHID RESOURCES OF INDIA (Endangered) 52 34 25 105 44 N.E. -
Three Novel Biphenanthrene Derivatives and a New Phenylpropanoid Ester from Aerides Multiflora and Their Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity
plants Article Three Novel Biphenanthrene Derivatives and a New Phenylpropanoid Ester from Aerides multiflora and Their a-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity May Thazin Thant 1,2, Boonchoo Sritularak 1,3,* , Nutputsorn Chatsumpun 4, Wanwimon Mekboonsonglarp 5, Yanyong Punpreuk 6 and Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid 1 1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; [email protected] (M.T.T.); [email protected] (K.L.) 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pharmacy, Yangon 11031, Myanmar 3 Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand 4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; [email protected] 5 Scientific and Technological Research Equipment Centre, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; [email protected] 6 Department of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +66-2218-8356 Abstract: A phytochemical investigation on the whole plants of Aerides multiflora revealed the presence of three new biphenanthrene derivatives named aerimultins A–C (1–3) and a new natural Citation: Thant, M.T.; Sritularak, B.; phenylpropanoid ester dihydrosinapyl dihydroferulate (4), together with six known compounds Chatsumpun, N.; Mekboonsonglarp, (5–10). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic W.; Punpreuk, Y.; Likhitwitayawuid, data. All of the isolates were evaluated for their a-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Aerimultin C K. Three Novel Biphenanthrene (3) showed the most potent activity. The other compounds, except for compound 4, also exhibited Derivatives and a New stronger activity than the positive control acarbose. -
Orchids in Two Protected Forests in Kohima District of Nagaland, India
Pleione 11(2): 349 - 366. 2017. ISSN: 0973-9467 © East Himalayan Society for Spermatophyte Taxonomy doi:10.26679/Pleione.11.2.2017.349-366 A checklist of orchids in two protected forests in Kohima district of Nagaland, India Wenyitso Kapfo1 and Neizo Puro Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami-798627, Nagaland, India. 1 Corresponding Author, e-mail: [email protected] [Received 17.10.2017; Revised 21.11.2017; Accepted 19.12.2017; Published 31.12.2017] Abstract Two protected forests in Kohima District viz. Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary and Jotsoma Community Forest are hosts to a rich diversity of orchids. This paper reports 66 species from 32 genera of Orchidaceae from these two Protected Areas. Key words: Kohima district, Pulie Badze Wildlife Sanctuary, Jotsoma Community Forest, Orchid diversity INTRODUCTION The word orchid evokes superlative terms associated with beauty, diversity and range of distribution. Being estimated at well over 25,000 species, belonging to ca 800 genera, (Chen et al 2009), Orchidaceae remains the largest family among families of flowering plants. India is host to 1378 species of orchids (Verma & Lavania 2014), of which, 860 species occur in its NE region (Chowdhery 2009). In the state of Nagaland, 396 species, belonging to 86 genera, have been described (Deb & Imchen 2008) even as more and more are being added to the local orchid flora by various authors (Chaturvedi et al. 2012; Jakha et al. 2014; Jakha et al. 2015; Deb et al. 2015; Deb et al. 2016; Rongsengsashi et al. 2016). This paper lists 66 species belonging to 32 genera of Orchidaceae occurring in the study area. -
Orchid Wealth for Immunity Development-An Overview L.C
International Journal of Science, Environment ISSN 2278-3687 (O) and Technology, Vol. 9, No 4, 2020, 647 – 655 2277-663X (P) ORCHID WEALTH FOR IMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT-AN OVERVIEW L.C. De ICAR-NRC for Orchids, Pakyong, Sikkim E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Orchids are one of the largest families of flowering plants which are best-known plant groups in the global horticultural and cut flower trades, including as ornamental plants, medicinal products and food. The medicinal orchids belong mainly to the genera namely Calanthe, Coelogyne, Cymbidium, Cypipedium, Dendrobium, Ephemerantha, Eria, Galeola, Gastrodia, Gymnadenia, Habenaria, Ludisia, Luisia, Nevilia, Satirium and Thunia. In the Ayurvedic system of medicine, there is one rejuvenating herbal formulation ‘Astavarga’ that is derived from orchid species i.e. jivak (Microstylis wallichii), kakoli (Habenaria acuminata), riddhi (H. intermedia) and vriddhi (H. edgeworthii) are orchids. Orchid are packed with phytochemicals such as stilbenoids, anthraquinones, pyrenes, coumarins, flavonoids, anthocyanins and anthocyanidins, chroman derivatives, lignans, simple benzenoid compounds, terpenoids, steroids, alkamines, amino acids, mono- and dipeptides, Alkaloids and higher fatty acids which play vital role for immunity development and curing other critical ailments of individuals. Keywords: Medicinal orchids, ayurvedic medicines, phytochemicals, immunity. Introduction Orchids are one of the largest families of flowering plants and are globally distributed. To date, 29,199 species have been accepted [1]. One of the best-known plant groups in the global horticultural and cut flower trades, orchids are also grown and traded for a variety of purposes, including as ornamental plants, medicinal products and food. The medicinal orchids belong mainly to the genera: Calanthe, Coelogyne, Cymbidium, Cypipedium, Dendrobium, Ephemerantha, Eria, Galeola, Gastrodia, Gymnadenia, Habenaria, Ludisia, Luisia, Nevilia and Thunia [2]. -
Tropicalexotique First Q 2020
Plant List TropicalExotique First Q 2020 Your Size when shipped When mature, well grown size CAD/Plant Total (CAD) Name Order P1 Aerangis fastuosa single growth, blooming size small plant 35 - P2 Aerides multiflorum single growth, blooming size medium plant 30 - P3 Aerides odorata "Pink form" single growth, blooming size medium plant 25 - P4 Aerides rosea single growth, blooming size medium plant 30 - P5 Amesiella minor single growth, blooming size miniature 50 - P6 Amesiella monticola single growth, blooming size small plant 30 - P7 Angraecum didieri seedling size medium plant 25 - P8 Anthogonium gracile per bulb small plant 25 - P9 Appendicula elegans 3-5 bulb plant small plant 30 - P10 Arachnis labrosa single growth, blooming size large plant 40 - P11 Armodorum siamemse blooming size medium plant 25 - P12 Arundina graminifolia (mini type, dark red) Single growth small plant 40 - P13 Arundina graminifolia (mini type, pink) multi-growth, blooming size medium plant 40 - P14 Ascocentrum (Holcoglossum) himalaicum single growth, blooming size medium plant 60 - P15 Ascocentrum (Vanda) ampullaceum single growth medium plant 30 - P16 Ascocentrum (Vanda) ampullaceum forma alba seedling size medium plant 25 - P17 Ascocentrum (Vanda) ampullaceum forma aurantiacum single growth medium plant 45 - P18 Ascocentrum (Vanda) christensonianum single growth, blooming size medium plant 40 - P19 Ascocentrum (Vanda) curvifolium single growth medium plant 20 - P20 Ascocentrum (Vanda) curvifolium "Pink form" single growth medium plant 30 - P21 Ascocentrum (Vanda) -
Ecosystem Profile for the Lancang Watershed Submitted by Shanshui
Ecosystem Profile for the Lancang watershed Submitted by Shanshui Conservation Center Drafted by Lei GU, Fangyi YANG, Shan SUN, Ruijuan QI 20 March 2013 1 Content 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 3 2. Biological importance of the Lancang watershed ..................................................................... 4 2.1 Ecology, Climate, Geography, Geology ........................................................................ 5 2.2 Species Diversity ......................................................................................................... 12 2.3 The Protected Area system in the Lancang Watershed................................................ 19 2.4 The Ecosystem Services of the Lancang Watershed ................................................... 24 3. Socioeconomic Context of the Lancang Watershed ................................................................ 27 3.1 Population and Urbanization ....................................................................................... 27 3.2 Society ......................................................................................................................... 29 3.3 Economy ..................................................................................................................... 30 4 An Overview of Current Threats and Their Causes ................................................................ 35 4.1 An Overview of Impacts and Threats ........................................................................ -
New Fluorene Derivatives from Dendrobium Gibsonii and Their Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity
molecules Article New Fluorene Derivatives from Dendrobium gibsonii and Their α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity May Thazin Thant 1, Nutputsorn Chatsumpun 2, Wanwimon Mekboonsonglarp 3, Boonchoo Sritularak 1,4,* and Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid 1 1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; [email protected] (M.T.T.); [email protected] (K.L.) 2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; [email protected] 3 Scientific and Technological Research Equipment Centre, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; [email protected] 4 Natural Products for Ageing and Chronic Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand * Correspondence: [email protected] Academic Editor: Yasuyoshi Miyata Received: 30 September 2020; Accepted: 22 October 2020; Published: 25 October 2020 Abstract: Two new compounds, dihydrodengibsinin (1) and dendrogibsol (2), were isolated from the whole plant of Dendrobium gibsonii, together with seven known compounds (3–9). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by their spectroscopic data. All these isolates were evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Dendrogibsol (2) and lusianthridin (7) showed strong α-glucosidase inhibitory activity when compared with acarbose. An enzyme kinetic study revealed that dendrogibsol (2) is a noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. Keywords: Dendrobium gibsonii; Orchidaceae; fluorene derivative; dihydrophenanthrenes; α-glucosidase inhibitory activity 1. Introduction Diabetes is a metabolic disease associated with chronic hyperglycemia due to deficiency in insulin secretion or action [1]. The prevalence of diabetes has been increasing all over the world. Around 8.8% of the world’s adult population suffered from diabetes in 2017, and it is estimated that the number will rise to 9.9% by 2045 [2]. -
Diversity and Conservation of Rare and Endemic Orchids of North East India - a Review
Indian Journal of Hill Farming Indian Journal of Hill Farming 27(1):81-89 Available online at www.kiran.nic.in Diversity and Conservation of Rare and Endemic Orchids of North East India - A Review L. C. DE*, R. P. MEDHI Received 12.11.2013. Revised 25.4.2014, Accepted 15.5.2014 ABSTRACT Northeast India, a mega-diversity centre, comprises eight states, viz., Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura. It occupies 7.7% of India’s total geographical area supporting 50% of the flora (ca. 8000 species), of which 31.58% (ca. 2526 species) are endemic. The region is rich in orchids, ferns, oaks (Quercus spp.), bamboos, rhododendrons (Rhododendron spp.), magnolias (Magnolia spp.) etc. Orchids, believed to have evolved in this region, form a very noticeable feature of the vegetation here. Of about 1331 species of orchids, belonging to 186 genera reported from India; Northeast India sustains the highest number with about 856 species. Amongst them, 34 species of orchids are identified among the threatened plants of India and as many as endemic to different states of this region. Out of the eight orchid habitat regions in India, the two most important areas namely; the Eastern Himalayas and the North Eastern Region fall within the political boundaries of North Eastern Region. Terrestrial orchids are located in humus rich moist earth under tree shades in North Western India. Western Ghats harbour the small flowered orchids. Epiphytic orchids are common in North-Eastern India which grows up to an elevation of 2,000 mmsl. Some of valuable Indian orchids from this region which are used in hybridization programme are Aerides multiflorum, Aerides odoratum, Arundina graminifolia, Arachnis, Bulbophyllum, Calanthe masuca, Coelogyne elata, C. -
An Annotated Checklist of the Orchidaceae of Laos
Nordic Journal of Botany 26: 257Á316, 2008 doi: 10.1111/j.1756-1051.2008.00265.x, # 2008 The Authors. Journal compilation # Nordic Journal of Botany 2008 Subject Editor: Henrik Ærenlund Pedersen. Accepted 13 October 2008 An annotated checklist of the Orchidaceae of Laos Andre´ Schuiteman, Pierre Bonnet, Bouakhaykhone Svengsuksa and Daniel Barthe´le´my A. Schuiteman ([email protected]), Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Univ. Leiden, PO Box 9514, NLÁ2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands. Á P. Bonnet, CIRAD and UM2, UMR AMAP, FRÁ34000 Montpellier, France. Á B. Svengsuksa, National Univ. of Lao PDR, Faculty of Science, Dept of Biologie, PO Box 7322, Vientiane, Laos PDR. Á D. Barthe´le´my, INRA, UMR AMAP, FRÁ34000 Montpellier, France. A checklist is presented of the orchid flora of Laos, enumerating 485 species in 108 genera. An estimate is given of the expected size of the orchid flora of Laos. Notes on habitat, global and local distribution, endemism, conservation, phenology, as well as a systematic overview complement the checklist. Origin of the checklist Á The karst formations and montane forests in the Lak Xao district, Bolikhamxai province. The checklist presented below grew out of a UNESCO Á Various sites in the Phou Khao Khouay NBCA, project (reference no. 27213102 LAO) and the ORCHIS Vientiane and Bolikhamxai provinces. project (Bhttp://www.orchisasia.org/). The first, entitled Á The Phou Phanang NBCA, Vientiane prefecture. ‘Systematic study of the wild orchids in Lao P.D.R. and Á The Louangphrabang district, Louangphrabang pro- their conservation’, was conducted during the year 2005 by vince. Bouakhaykhone Svengsuksa. Some 700 living orchid speci- Á The Oudomxai district, Oudomxai province. -
Reproductive Biology of Plants
K21132 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 711 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 an informa business 2 Park Square, Milton Park A SCIENCE PUBLISHERS BOOK www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK About the pagination of this eBook Due to the unique page numbering scheme of this book, the electronic pagination of the eBook does not match the pagination of the printed version. To navigate the text, please use the electronic Table of Contents that appears alongside the eBook or the Search function. For citation purposes, use the page numbers that appear in the text. Reproductive Biology of Plants Reproductive Biology of Plants Editors K.G. Ramawat Former Professor & Head Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University Udaipur, India Jean-Michel Mérillon Université de Bordeaux Institut des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin Villenave d’Ornon, France K.R. Shivanna Former Professor & Head Botany Department, University of Delhi Delhi, India p, A SCIENCE PUBLISHERS BOOK GL--Prelims with new title page.indd ii 4/25/2012 9:52:40 AM CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140117 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-0133-8 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. -
International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences
Explorer Research Article [Gogoi et al., 6(1): Jan., 2015:4123-4156] CODEN (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & LIFE SCIENCES (Int. J. of Pharm. Life Sci.) Orchids of Assam, North East India – An annotated checklist Khyanjeet Gogoi¹, Raju Das² and Rajendra Yonzone³ 1.TOSEHIM, Regional Orchid Germplasm Conservation & Propagation Centre (Assam Circle) Daisa Bordoloi Nagar, Talap, Tinsukia, (Assam) - India 2, Nature’s Foster, P. Box 41, Shastri Road, P.O. Bongaigaon, (Assam) - India 3, Dept. of Botany, St. Joseph's College, P.O. North Point, District Darjeeling, (WB) - India Abstract Assam is one of the eight North East Indian states and Orchids are the major component of the vegetation at different climatic conditions. The agroclimatic condition of Assam is most congenial for the lavish growth and development of wide varieties of Orchid species in natural habitat. During pre-independence time, Hooker (1888 – 1890) in his work Flora of British India include about 350 species of Orchids from Assam- the present North East India. Present paper deals with checklist of 398 specific and 6 intraspecific taxa belonging 102 genera of Orchids in Assam out of which 129 species under 49 genera are terrestrial and 275 specific and intraspecific under 53 genera are epiphytic or lithophytic. Dendrobium represents the largest genus with 58 taxa and 51 are monotypic genera found in the regions. Key-Words: Checklist, Orchid Species, Assam, North East India Introduction Assam found in the central part of North-East India. It extends between the latitudes of 24°8´ N – 28°2´ N and The Brahamaputra valley: The Brahamaputra valley longitudes of 89°42´ E – 96° E. -
The Comparison Between Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and Chloroplast DNA in Molecular Systematic Study of Four Sections of Genus Dendrobium Sw
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOASSAYS ISSN: 2278-778X CODEN: IJBNHY ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS The comparison between nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA in molecular systematic study of four sections of genus Dendrobium sw. (Orchidaceae) Maryam Moudi1* and Rusea Go2,3 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, South Khorasan, Iran. 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. 3Institute of Tropical Forestry & Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. Received for publication: December 27, 2015; Accepted: January 14, 2016 Abstract: Phylogenetic study of the four sections (Aporum, Crumenata, Strongyle, and Bolbidium) of genus Dendrobium (family Orchidaceae) was conducted using molecular data. Classifications based on morphological characters have not being able to clearly divide these four sections neither do they supported their monophyly origin. Therefore, deeper and detailed analysis especially using molecular data is required to ascertain their status. Molecular evidences were used to clarify their relations either to lump them into one section or reduce them into two. The study has been carried out for the 34 species of Dendrobium using Maximum Parsimony (MP). Three nucleotide sequences data sets from two distinct genomes chloroplast DNA genes (rbcL and matK) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) were used to construct cladograms. The results that obtained from