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The Poems of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey

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The Poems of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey 0%'^aJXt Mm^ %.:fU «^:^i;'^^m i««. :-.:|il Wiliiiiill-: Please landle diis volume with care. Connecticut he University of Libraries, Storrs BOOK 82 1.2.SU78P2 c. 1 SURREY # POEMS OF EARL OF SURREY 3 T1S3 OOlblElb T ^jy ..N, L'' Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2009 with funding from Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/poemsofhenryhowa1928surr ERRATA Page 25, line 39. Read 1544 for 1844. Page 94, line 14 fSardanapalusl should appear as line 10. From the Original Portrait by Hotbcin 'B^'NWYMOWARI!), JEAMIL OF SUIRMEY UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLICATIONS / / LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE VOLUME 5 OCTOBER, 1928 THE POEMS OF HENRY HOWARD EARL OF SURREY FREDERICK MORGAN PADELFORD Revised Edition UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON PRESS SEATTLE zS-fs^ To JESSIE ELIZABETH PADELFORD Cum tot sustineas et tanta negotia sola PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION It is now rather more than a century since George Frederick Nott published his elaborate edition of the works of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey. Since then no scholarly edition has been attempted. During this time, however, many facts bearing upon the career of Surrey have come to light, a noteworthy biog- raphy has been published, studies dealing with various phases of the poetry have appeared, and manuscript versions of many of the lyrics and two fresh texts of the fourth book of the ^neid have been discovered. The time therefore seems ripe for a new edition that will take advantage of this fresh knowledge, giving more authoritative readings in the poems and furnishing the equipment needed by the scholar. The present volume aims to meet this need. I have classified the poems by subject-matter rather than by metrical forms, thinking that this classification may furnish a more human approach. I trust that this arrangement, as well as the titles which I have supplied in place of the long traditional titles in Tottel's Miscellany, will meet with the reader's approval. For the convenience of those who wish to make a critical study of the translation of the Mneid, I have printed Tottel's version of the fourth book and a version based upon the text in Manuscript Hargrave 205, on opposite pages. The latter version departs from the manuscript readings only where there is strong presump- tive evidence that the revisions restore the original. If these re- visions have been based upon correct reasoning, this text should approximate Surrey's original version, and should be regarded as the authentic one. If I have erred in restoring the text, it has been on the side of conservatism. The early spellings have been consistently followed throughout, but the punctuation is modern. Students of Surrey will appreciate how much the Introduc- tion owes to Bapst's scholarly biography of the poet and how much the Critical Notes owe to the researches of former scholars, notably to Koeppel's examination of the Italian sources. I acknowledge with much gratitude my indebtedness to Miss Gladys D. Willock of the Royal Holloway College, a new scholar in the English field, who very kindly furnished me with the proof sheets of her collation of the variants in the 1554 edition of the fourth book of the ^neid, thus expediting the completion of the notes. I would also express my obligations, both longstanding and recent, to John A. Herbert, Esquire, of the British Museum, who placed in my hands the principal manuscript of Surrey's lyrics just after its purchase by the Museum in 1905, and who has more recently secured for me rotographs of rare manuscripts and books. To the Harvard Library I am indebted for the loan of the works of Gawin Douglas. Finally, I wish to recognize the many helpful suggestions of my colleague. Professor Vernon L. Parrington, and to thank my secretary, Mrs. Lois J. Wentworth, for assistance in revising the proofs. With this volume the University inaugurates a new series of publications, which we hope will contribute to the advancement of scholarship in the field of letters. Frejdbrick Morgan Padeli^ord Seattle, October 20, 1920 PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION This new edition of The Poems of Surrey is issued to meet the constant demand for the book. Aside from the second part of the Introduction, which has been rewritten and amplified, the changes from the first edition are of a minor character only. I have sought, however, to correct all errors, and to this end have collated the text of the poetry afresh. I wish to recognize the kindness of my colleague. Professor Herbert H. Gowen, who carefully checked the Introduction and Notes of the first edition for inaccuracies, and of Professor Charles Grosvenor Osgood of Princeton University who read the revised Introduction with critical care. F. M. P. Seattle, September, 4, 1928 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Page The Dramatic Career of Surrey 1 Surrey's Contribution to English Verse 44 LOVE POEMS 1. A Nocturnal Lament 56 2. A Spring Lament 56 3. The Cruelty of Hidden Charms 57 4. A Lovers Loyalty to Love 57 5. Loves Extremes 58 6. A Lovers Vow 58 7. The Frailty of Beauty 59 8. A Plea for Constancy 59 9. In Absentia 60 10. The Twofold Power of Love 60 IL A Plea for Mercy 60 12. A Game of Chess 62 13. A Goodly Ensample 63 14. The Trammels of Love 64 15. A Lesson in Love 65 16. Rueful Associations 66 17. An Unchanging Lover 67 18. A Mistress Nonpareil 69 19. From a Loyal Lover Overseas 70 20. A Modem Ulysses .' 70 21. A Ladys Lament for Her Lover Overseas 71 22. A Sophisticated Lover 73 23. Strive Not With Love 74 24. A Stricken Shepherd 75 25. A Friendly Warning 78 26. The Fickleness of Woman 78 27. Modern Saws and Ancient Instance 79 28. Calm After Storm 80 AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL POEMS 29. The Lady Geraldine 83 30. Windsor Memories 83 3L The Poets Lament for His Lost Boyhood 84 32. A Satire on London, The Mdern Babylon 85 33. Lady Surreys Lament for Her Absent Lord 87 34. An Irate Host 88 35. Prolog to Psalm 88 91 36. Prolog to Psalm 73 91 37. Reflections From the Tower 91 MORAL AND DIDACTIC POEMS 38. A Tribute to Wyatts Psalms 93 39. Epigram to Radcliffe 93 40. Sardanapalus 93 41. The Happy Life 94 42. The Golden Mean 94 43. The Ages of Man 95 ELEGIAC POEMS 44. A Tribute to Wyatt 97 45. A Second Tribute to Wyatt 97 46. A Third Tribute to Wyatt 98 47. A Tribute to Thomas Chere 99 TRANSLATIONS FROM THE BIBLE 48. Ecclesiastes 1 100 49. Ecclesiastes 2 101 50. Ecclesiastes 3 103 51. Ecclesiastes 4 105 52. Ecclesiastes 5 107 53. Psalm 8 108 54. Psalm 55 110 55. Psalm 88 Ill 56. Psalm 73 112 TRANSLATIONS FROM THE ^NEID 57. Book 2 115 58. Book 4 142 NOTES Table of Abbreviations 192 Notes to the Introduction 193 Textual Notes 195 Critical Notes 207 BIBLIOGRAPHY 259 Manuscripts 259 Editions of Surrey 260 Miscellaneous 261 GLOSSARY 264 APPENDIX 277 INDEX OF FIRST LINES 288 :J'»»!,^.-.- »,-^^^„ After tin: drnirhip hy Hnlln in THE POEMS OF HENRY HOWARD EARL OF SURREY (1) INTRODUCTION THE DRAMATIC CAREER OF SURREY The poems of Surrey are the lyrical accompaniment of an impressive tragedy. It is the wont of the historian, to be sure, to regard these poems mainly as interesting documents in the development of the technique of English verse, or as marking the entrance of the Italian tradition into our literature. Yet to approach them with this restricted interest is to forego the more lively pleasure for one that is academic and slighter. Rather, they should be read while the imagination is filled with the tragedy of the young poet's life, a tragedy of superb depth and range, from which these poems were thrown off like chance sparks. Never was there Greek hero who better satisfied than did Surrey the classical requirements of the tragic muse: a young nobleman, favored by birth and by fortune, the most brilliant and engaging figure in a distinguished court, ambitious, resourceful, and im- patient to give full expression to his powers, yet compelled to reckon with a tyrannical superior who would brook not the faint- est semblance of a rival. Even so— and here the ironical laughter of the gods is heard the loudest— had the culminating events in the tragedy been delayed but a few days, the life of the hero would have been spared through the death of his foe. The his- tories of the great families that supplied the Greek dramatists with the materials for their plays provide no example of a career more ideally designed for the uses of tragedy. Now from the first naive enthusiasms of youth to the moment when, at the age of twenty-nine, he felt death's hand closing around him, Surrey turned to his poetry for companionship, for delight and consolation, and although only a few of the poems are autobiographical in the stricter sense, the poet yet revealed through the idealizing medium of his verse the substantial outlines of his character and of his career. True artist that he was, he enfolded himself for the most part in the half-concealing envelope of his art, but the poems are only the more fascinating because the man Surrey, who stands out boldly in an occasional poem, is in others only a half-revealed, though a very certain presence. The reader should therefore approach the poetry with no mere scientific or antiquarian interest, but as seeking therein the key to a life, bril- liant and brief, which was of the very essence of the dramatic.
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