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Taxonomy for Conservation in Sabah, Malaysia

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Taxonomy for Conservation in Sabah, Malaysia Taxonomy for Conservation in Sabah, Malaysia Exploratory discussions for collaboration between National Museum of Natural History - Naturalis, Leiden, Netherlands, EDIT, and Sabah agencies for biodiversity studies and conservation, August 6-10, 2007 Bert W. Hoeksema1, Annadel Cabanban2, and Merijn M. Bos3 1 National Museum of Natural History - Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands 2 WWF Malaysia, Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion Programme 3 State Museum of Natural History, Stuttgart, Germany Introduction For ATBI fieldwork by the EDIT taxonomic community in biodiversity-rich non-European countries, the Malaysian Tun Mustapha Park at the Banggi Islands was proposed by NL-TAF. From August 6 to 10, 2007, meetings and discussions were carried out with agencies in Sabah. The Tun Mustapha Park is a proposed national park and will be managed by Sabah Parks. The meetings and discussions aimed at the exploration of the feasibility of collaborative biodiversity research in Sabah national parks in general and Tun Mustapha Park in particular, by European and Malaysian researchers. Malaysia is a signatory of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and in 1998 the Sabah Government has formulated its Biodiversity Strategy. Subsequently, the Sabah government has formed a Biodiversity Council, which is composed of governmental agencies to implement the CBD’s agreements. Tun Mustapha Park The Tun Mustapha Park (Fig. 1) has been proposed to be gazetted by the State Government of Sabah. Sabah Parks has the mandate to manage the Tun Mustapha Park. The park is easily accessible: After arriving at Kota Kinabalu international airport, transport takes about 2.5-3 hours over good roads that lead to Kudat city at the northern tip of Borneo. From there boats leave to the Islands and boats can be rented. The park covers no less than 1.1 million hectares and overlaps the border between the South China Sea and the Sulu Sea, and surrounds the northernmost tip of Borneo. The area is a conservation priority area within the Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion, SSME (WWF, 2004), which is endorsed by the governments of Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines as well as important stakeholders. The SSME plays an important role because of migration routes of dolphins, sperm whales, sea turtles, and habitats for sea otters. In terms of biodiversity of the limestone outcrops, caves, protected primary forests, and coral reefs, few data are available. We visited the area with the WWF Malaysia boat, donated by the Malaysian government to monitor Tun Mustapha’s coral reefs. The boat is equipped for 4 divers and takes 2-3 hours from Kudat harbour to Kerakit, the largest village on Banggi Island. We carried out two exploratory dives on the coral reefs around Banggi Island, guided by an ex-fisherman. The coral reef assessments have just started by WWF Malaysia, and most reefs remain uncharted. WWF’s initial assessments can help assign focal sites for ATBI activities. 1 Fig. 1: Tun Mustapha Park (within dotted line) with the two main Islands Balambangan and Banggi. 2 Travel itinerary: Date Location August 6 9:30-11:00 Visit to Kota Kinabalu’s Sabah Parks office. Meeting with Dr. Jamili Nais, Deputy Director of Sabah Parks and Mr. Ludi Apin http://www.sabahparks.org.my Attended by M.M. Bos, A. Cabanban, B.W. Hoeksema, & M. Schilthuizen. 12:00-15:00 Visit to the Borneo Marine Research Institute at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) and meeting with Prof. Dr. Ridzwan A. Rahman. Attended by M.M. Bos & B.W. Hoeksema. 14:00-15:00 Visit to the aquariums and coral collection of the Marine Biology Department at UMS with Ms. Zarina Waheed. Attended by M.M. Bos & B.W. Hoeksema. August 7 10:00-14:00 Visit to Kota Kinabalu’s WWF Malaysia office and meeting with Dr. Rahimatsah Amat, director of the Borneo Programme of WWF Malaysia. Attended by M.M. Bos & B.W. Hoeksema. 14:00-17:00 Travel to Kudat. 18:00-19:00 Visit to the WWF office and facilities in Kudat, hosted by Ms. Robecca Yamin, coordinator of WWF Malaysia in Kudat (Tun Mustapha Park). Attended by M.M. Bos, A. Cabanban, B.W. Hoeksema, & Z. Waheed. August 8 7:30-18:00 Visit to the Tun Mustapha Park with dives on the coral reefs south of Banggi Island. Visit of dense mangrove forests and of the caves and lime stone cliffs of Balambangan Island, west of Banggi. Hosted by WWF Malaysia. Attended by M.M. Bos, A. Cabanban, B.W. Hoeksema, & Z. Waheed. August 9 Return to Kota Kinabalu. August 10 9:30-12:00 Visit to Sabah Museum and meetings with Mr. Sintoiong Gelet, Deputy Director (Research & development) and Mr. Anthony Chong, Curator (Head of Conservation Section) of the Sabah Museum. Visit of the collection of Sabah Museum. Attended by M.M. Bos, A. Cabanban, B.W. Hoeksema, & M. Schilthuizen. 13:00-17:00 Visit to the collections, molecular lab and Scanning Electron Microscope facilities of the Institute for Tropical Biodiversity Conservation of the UMS, hosted by Dr. Menno Schilthuizen (UMS, and associate director of the NNM Naturalis, Leiden, Netherlands). Attended by M.M. Bos. 3 Sabah Parks Dr. Jamili Nais (Sabah Parks’ Deputy Director of Research) indicated support in principle. He is looking forward to receiving a letter of intent and a brief research-proposal. The Memorandum of Understanding should be signed by Sabah Parks. Because of possible overlap with other developments by European institutions, the Memorandum of Understanding should include a common vision on research collaborations that extends beyond the reach of the EDIT network so that EDIT’s MoU does not limit but facilitates subsequent agreements. Dr. Jamili mentioned that biodiversity inventories are of Sabah Parks’ primary interest. Biodiversity inventories are crucial for setting up conservation strategies. However, of the 1.1 million hectares of the Tun Mustapha Park, few data are available on species richness, spatial distribution of diversity, levels of endemism, and the regional role of the area. Any inventory work by international taxonomic taskforces would contribute greatly to the management of Tun Mustapha Park. Further important aspects for Sabah Parks are training, capacity building, and collaborations between Malaysian and European researchers. Sabah Parks’ collections are particularly well developed for terrestrial vertebrates and some invertebrate groups. Interestingly, Sabah Parks participates in the annual “Sabah Inter-agency Tropical Ecosystem” (SITE) seminars to communicate scientific results with all relevant Sabahan agencies. Sabah agencies (including Sabah Parks) take turn in organising these seminars. How to acquire research permits In a nut shell: Sabah Parks’ research permits cost about 25EUR (100 Malaysian Ringgit) per person per month and can be acquired as follows: 1) Provide - a cover letter along with a 3-5 page research proposal stating background, methodology, specimen collection, duplicate distribution list, proposed itinerary and a description of benefits for Sabah Parks; - CV of each applicant; - letter of support from the applicant’s home institution. More details: http://www.sabahparks.org.my/swf/research_procedure.swf 2) - With written approval of counterpart institutions, each researcher should obtain permission by the Malaysian Government and acquire appropriate visa. This process takes 6 months and permits are issued by the Economic Planning Unit (EPU) of the Prime minister’s department in Kuala Lumpur. In a nutshell: Application costs (in total) about 50EUR (200 Malaysian Ringgit). In general, the Research Permit will be picked up in person in Kuala Lumpur, but this may change once successful collaboration is assured. Upon arrival in Sabah, the holder of the Research Permit must report to the Sabah Immigration Department to apply for a Research Visum and a multiple-entry visum to conduct research in Sabah. A form will be filled in by the applicant and the local collaborator/guarantor. The processing of this application will take 1 week to 2 weeks. More details: http://www.epu.jpm.my/New%20Folder/application%20and%20approval/undertaking%20research.htm The process of permit acquisition should be supervised by EDIT in order to assure that all occurs according to the Memorandum of Understanding and to avoid confusion. A local assistant could further assist with bureaucratic tasks. 4 WWF Malaysia WWF Malaysia has a very strong local profile and works together with Sabah Parks to assure sustainable conservation strategies for Sabah’s national parks. The Tun Mustapha Park is a conservation hotspot as it plays a key role in the Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion (SSME) as endorsed by various nature conservation organisations active in SE Asia. The principal impedimentary factor of setting up conservation zones is the lack of baseline biodiversity data for the area. WWF Malaysia sees an additional role of biodiversity inventories in applications for raising public awareness. WWF Malaysia is currently probing the local opinions on nature conservation and marine biodiversity. Biodiversity inventories can be applied to the biological profile of the area to facilitate raising awareness. Moreover, during the next 2 years WWF Malaysia expects tourism to develop on the Islands of Tun Mustapha Parks, and a well-developed biological profile can stimulate the development of ecotourism. WWF Malaysia can play an important role in the organisation of ATBI activities in the area. The organisation is very well settled in Sabah’s network of scientists and institutions, which can relieve bureaucratic pressures. A possibility is to hire a post-graduate student as assistant for scientific activities in the Tun Mustapha Park (salary +/- 600EUR per month). The role of such an assistant is to supervise permit acquisition, organisation of local infrastructure, and assuring good communication between all relevant Sabahan institutions and agencies. Universiti Malaysia Sabah Prof. Dr. Ridzwan Abdul Rahman (former director of the Borneo Marine Research Institute, BMRI, and present director of the Centre for Research and Innovation ) is very much interested in raising the scientific interest in Tun Mustapha Park and increasing student involvement in marine research.
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