Internalization and Anti Littering Campaign Implementation
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 85 ( 2013 ) 544 – 553 AcE-Bs 2013 Hanoi ASEAN Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies Hanoi Architectural University, Hanoi, Vietnam, 19-22 March 2013 "Cultural Sustainability in the Built and Natural Environment" Internalization and Anti Littering Campaign Implementation Haijon Gunggut*, Chua Kim Hing, Dg Siti Noor Saufidah Ag Mohd Saufi Universiti Teknologi MARA, Locked Bag 71, 88997 Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia Abstract This paper seeks to account for the variations in implementation progress of the Anti-litterbugs Campaign in Sabah. A total of nine local authorities were studied. Data was mainly obtained from interviews, observations and written sources. The variation in the Campaign implementation progress can be explained in term of campaign internalization among local authority top leadership. Internalization is reflected in the understanding of the campaign and priority of local government top leaderships observed in their actions, choice of words and activities. In addition, the structure of the local authority also influenced implementation progress. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. ©Selection 2013 andPublished peer-review by Elsevierunder responsibility Ltd. Selection of Centre and for peer-review Environment-Behaviour under responsibility Studies (cE-Bs), of the Faculty Centre of Architecture, for Environment- BehPlanningaviour & Surveying,Studies (cE-Bs), Universiti Faculty Teknologi of Architecture,MARA, Malaysia Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. Keyword: Anti-litterbugs campaign; programme internalization; local government structure; policy implementation 1. Introduction Sabah is one the top biodiversity hotspots in the world and an estimated 2.93 million tourists visited the state in 2012 (Bangkuai, 2012). Unfortunately visitors were often turned off by the presence of litters everywhere.
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