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Experimental Investigation on Nano Concrete with Nano Silica and M-Sand

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Experimental Investigation on Nano Concrete with Nano Silica and M-Sand International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON NANO CONCRETE WITH NANO SILICA AND M-SAND Mohan Raj.B1, Sugila Devi.G2 1PG Student, Nadar Saraswathi College of Engineering and Technology, Theni, Tamilnadu, India. 2Assistant Professor, Nadar Saraswathi College of Engineering and Technology, Theni, Tamilnadu, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The influence of Nano-Silica on various material is Nano Silica (NS). The advancement made by the properties of concrete is obtained by replacing the cement study of concrete at Nano scale has proved the Nano silica is with various percentages of Nano-Silica. Nano-Silica is used as much better than silica fume used in conventional concrete. a partial replacement for cement in the range of 3%, 3.5%, Now, the researchers are capitalizing on nanotechnology to and 10% for M20 mix. Specimens are casted using Nano-Silica innovate a new generation of concrete materials that concrete. Laboratory tests conducted to determine the overcome the above drawbacks and trying to achieve the compressive strength, split tensile and flexural strength of sustainable concrete structures. Evolution of materials is Nano-Silica concrete at the age of 7, 14 and 28 days. Results need of the day for improved or better performance for indicate that the concrete, by using Nano-Silica powder, was special engineering applications and modifying the bulk able to increase its compressive strength. However, the density state of materials in terms of composition or microstructure is reduce compared to standard mix of concrete. The or nanostructure has been the established route for replacement of cement with 3% Nano-Silica results in higher synthesizing new materials. The newer materials can also be strength and reduction in the permeability than the controlled obtaining by intelligent and intermixing of existing materials concrete. The replacement of cement with Nano-Silica more at element level. than 3% results in the reduction of various properties of Nano- Without advancement of Nano technology, Nano materials Silica concrete. have been developed that can be apply to concrete mix designs to study the physical, chemical and enhanced Key Words: Nano-Silica Powder, Strength, Self-Weight mechanical properties of concrete. Among the various Reduce, Concrete, Plasticizers. developed or manufactured Nano materials such as Nano silica, Nano alumina, Nano titania, Nano zirconia, Nano 1. INTRODUCTION Fe2O3 etc., carbon Nano tubes [CNT] or wires etc., the addition of Nano silica (NS) enhances the possibility for the reaction with calcium hydroxide (CH) to develop more Concrete is the most widely used construction material in strength carrying structure of cement: calcium silica hydrate the world with the advancement of Nano technology. (C-S-H) and also pore filling effect of Nano silica in the Nanotechnology has been applying to concrete production concrete. Hence, in this paper, a critical review on the and has the capacity of improving the performance of influencing factors of Nano silica in concrete in detail and the concrete. In recent years, researchers have focused on the research initiative towards the above task in the future have modified of concrete quality. It has been show to increase been provided. With characterization tools, the ability to the mechanical and durability properties of concrete leading gain a better understanding of the materials under study for to development of novel and sustainable materials. However, their size, shape and morphology of crystalline or the application of nanotechnology in concrete technology amorphous nature of those materials have been discuss. should go along with the availability of local materials. One interesting material to study is Nano silica produced from silica sand. Previous research on concrete using Nano silica 1.1 NANOTECHNOLOGY has point out that improved workability and strength of concrete or mortar are to be expected. Nano Technology applied to concrete includes the use of Nano materials have been developed that can be applied to nanomaterial’s like Nano silica, Nano fibers etc. By adding the concrete mix designs to study the physical and mechanical Nanomaterial’s, concrete composites with superior properties of concrete. Nanotechnology is one of the most properties can be produce. Addition of Nano silica (NS) in active research areas, which have wide applications in concretes and mortars results in more efficient hydration of almost all the fields. cement. Due to the pozzolanic activity, additional calcium The fundamental processes that govern the properties of silicate hydrates are form to generate more strength and to concrete are affect by the performance of the material on a reduce free calcium hydroxide. This also helps in reducing the Nano scale. As concrete is most usable material in cement requirement; NS improves the microstructure and construction industry it has been required to improve its reduces the water permeability of concrete thus making it quality. Recently Nano Technology has been introducing in more durable. Concretes with strengths as high as 100 MPa Civil Engineering applications. One of the most used Nano with high workability, anti-bleeding properties and short de- © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6860 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 molding time can be produced. Nano silica can be used as an additive to eco concrete mixtures. 2. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this research project are to study- 1. The project deals with concrete grades M 20. 2. Effects of Nano silica dosages on Compressive Strength of concrete. 3. Comparison of the test results of Conventional Concrete and Nano Silica concrete. 4. To explain the change in properties of concrete, if any by explaining the microstructure. 4.EXPERIMENTAL WORKS 5. To study the fresh and harden properties (i.e. compressive strength, workability test) of NC with 4.1 CEMENT partial replacement of cement by Nano silica in The preliminary tests were conducted on cement, fine different percentage such as 3%, 3.5%,10% are aggregate, coarse aggregate and the test results were evaluate. obtained. Based on the results obtained the mix proportion 6. To study the fresh and harden properties of NC with for M 20 concrete is done. fully replacement of sand by M-Sand and fully The properties of materials tested are as follows, replacement of 20mm aggregate by 5-10mm Aggregates. S.No Property Value 7. After evaluating the mechanical properties for the 1 Specific Gravity 3.15 various mix and it is compare with best result. 2 Fineness 97.25 3. METHODOLOGY 3 Initial Setting Time 45min The main aim of this project is to determine experimental investigation on behavior of Nano material with 3% ratio. 4 Final Setting Time 380min Controlled concrete slabs. The following steps are involved. 1. Initially the materials used are tested and the test 5 Fineness Modulus 6% results are shown in table. 4.2 PROPERTIES OF FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATE 2. Cubes, cylinders and prisms are casted for 3 Locally available natural sand with 4.75 mm maximum size percentage of Nano silica and they are used for was used as fine aggregate, having specific gravity, fineness determining the compressive strength split tensile modulus and unit weight. It is found that the sand collected strength and flexural strength of concrete using 3 is conforming to IS: 383-1970. Aggregate retained on percentage of Nano silica. 4.75mm sieve are identified as Coarse. The parent concrete 3. Tests are conducted using compression testing is crushed through mini jaw crusher. During crushing it is machine and also cylinders are tested using split tried to maintain to produce the maximum size of aggregate tensile testing machine. in between 20mm to 4.75mm. The physical properties of 4. After determining the test results suitable both fine aggregate and recycled coarse aggregate are percentage of Nano silica is determined to cast the evaluated as per IS: 2386 (Part III)-1963 and given in Table Nano silica. 4.2.1 but I have used 5mm to 9mm coarse aggregate. 5. The replacement of cement with 3% Nano-Silica results in higher strength and reduction in the 4.2.1 PROPERTIES OF FINE AGGREGATE (M-SAND) permeability than the controlled concrete. 6. The experimental works were conducted on concrete laboratory by applying load. Fine aggregate used in this research is M- sand. Fine aggregates are the aggregates whose size is less than The following flow chart shows the methodology of this 4.75mm. project When rock is crushed and sized in quarry the main aim has generally been to produce course aggregate and road construction materials. M sand is defined as a purpose made crushed fine aggregate produced from suitable source materials. Manufactured sand has been produced by variety of crushing equipment’s including cone crushers, impact crushers, roll crushers, road rollers etc., The raw material for © 2019, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 6861 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 03 | Mar 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 M sand production is the parent mass of rock. It is based on S.No Property Value the parent rock that the chemical, mineral properties, texture, composition of sand would change. 1 Specific Gravity 2.89 2 Fineness Modulus 6 3 Water Absorption 0.83% 4 Particle Shape Angle 5 Impact value 9% 6 Crushing Value 19 4.3 WATER Drinkable water should be used for making concrete. Water should be free from acids, oils, alkalis, vegetables or other Fig -4.2.1.1: M-SAND organic Impurities. Soft waters also produce weaker concrete.
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