Apis Cerana) and ISOLATION of ITS MELITTIN CONTENT
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Ecology, Behaviour and Control of Apis Cerana with a Focus on Relevance to the Australian Incursion
Insects 2013, 4, 558-592; doi:10.3390/insects4040558 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Review Ecology, Behaviour and Control of Apis cerana with a Focus on Relevance to the Australian Incursion Anna H. Koetz Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, 21-23 Redden St., Portsmith, QLD 4870, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-419-726-698; Fax: +61-7-4057-3690 Received: 27 June 2013; in revised form: 13 September 2013 / Accepted: 24 September 2013 / Published: 21 October 2013 Abstract: Apis cerana Fabricius is endemic to most of Asia, where it has been used for honey production and pollination services for thousands of years. Since the 1980s, A. cerana has been introduced to areas outside its natural range (namely New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Australia), which sparked fears that it may become a pest species that could compete with, and negatively affect, native Australian fauna and flora, as well as commercially kept A. mellifera and commercial crops. This literature review is a response to these concerns and reviews what is known about the ecology and behaviour of A. cerana. Differences between temperate and tropical strains of A. cerana are reviewed, as are A. cerana pollination, competition between A. cerana and A. mellifera, and the impact and control strategies of introduced A. cerana, with a particular focus on gaps of current knowledge. Keywords: Apis cerana; Apis mellifera; incursion; pest species; Australia; pollination; competition; distribution; control 1. Introduction Apis cerana Fabricius (also known as the Asian honeybee, Asiatic bee, Asian hive bee, Indian honeybee, Indian bee, Chinese bee, Mee bee, Eastern honeybee, and Fly Bee) is endemic to most of Asia where it has been used for honey production and pollination services for thousands of years. -
The Distribution and Nest-Site Preference of Apis Dorsata Binghami at Maros Forest, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Journal of Insect Biodiversity 4(23): 1‐14, 2016 http://www.insectbiodiversity.org RESEARCH ARTICLE The distribution and nest-site preference of Apis dorsata binghami at Maros Forest, South Sulawesi, Indonesia Muhammad Teguh Nagir1 Tri Atmowidi1* Sih Kahono2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Dramaga Campus, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. 2Zoology Division, Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Bogor 16911, Indonesia. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract: The giant honey bee, Apis dorsata binghami is subspecies of Apis dorsata. This species of bee was only found in Sulawesi and its surrounding islands. This study is aimed to study the distribution and characteristics of nest and nesting trees, nesting behavior of Apis dorsata binghami in the forests of Maros, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The distributions of nests were observed using a survey method to record the species and characteristics of nesting trees, as well as the conditions around the nest. Results showed that 102 nests (17 active nests, 85 abandoned combs) of A. d. binghami were found. We found 34 species belong to 27 genera in 17 families of plants as nesting sites of giant honey bee. The common tree species used as nesting sites were Ficus subulata (Moraceae), Adenanthera sp. (Fabaceae), Spondias pinnata (Anacardiaceae), Artocarpus sericoarpus (Moraceae), Alstonia scholaris (Apocynaceae), Knema cinerea (Myristicaceae), Litsea mappacea (Lauraceae), and Palaquium obovatum (Sapotaceae). The nests were found in 0-11 meters (11 nests), 11-20 meters (40 nests), and more than 21 meters (51 nests) from ground level. The nests of giant honey bee were found in sturdy and woody branches, hard to peel, the slope of the branches was <60°, and nests were protected by liane plants, foliage, or both them. -
Comparative Performance of Apis Mellifera and Apis Cerana Under Punjab Conditions
Volume : 4 | Issue : 3 | Mar 2015 ISSN - 2250-1991 Research Paper Medical Science Comparative Performance of Apis Mellifera and Apis Cerana Under Punjab Conditions JASVIR SINGH DALIO Street No. 12, Yog Nagar BUDHLADA-151502 (PUNJAB) Study conducted on relative performance of Apis mellifera and A. cerana under Punjab conditions, revealed that as far as honey collection, pollen load, egg laying capacity, sustainability under adverse conditions (dearth period), ability to regain strength after deteriorating environmental conditions etc. were concerned, A. mellifera was the best performer as compared to other species. Phenomena of absconding and swarming was more in case of A. cerana while absconding was not observed and swarming was easily controllable in case of A. mellifera. Thus Italian honeybees were more suitable and ABSTRACT beneficial as compared to A. cerana. KEYWORDS Apis mellifera, Apis cerana, swarming, absconding, foraging behaviour of honeybees. Introduction A. mellifera queen was much higher than that of A. cerana Biology of Apis mellifera and A. cerana is similar in many (Table-1). ways. Both types make parallel combs in dark. Performance of these honeybee species may differ in different geographical Swarming and absconding took place more frequently in A. areas and various agro-ecosystems. Mostly A. cerana is reared cerana. No absconding was recorded in A. mellifera even dur- in hilly areas whereas A. mellifera in plains. The former species ing dearth period (May to July). Average 45 per cent colonies starts foraging in early hours (morning) at low temperature absconded while 21 per cent colonies dwindled in case of A. in winter as compared to the latter one. -
Aggregations of Unrelated Apis Florea Colonies Wandee Wattanachaiyingcharoen, Siriwat Wongsiri, Benjamin P
Aggregations of unrelated Apis florea colonies Wandee Wattanachaiyingcharoen, Siriwat Wongsiri, Benjamin P. Oldroyd To cite this version: Wandee Wattanachaiyingcharoen, Siriwat Wongsiri, Benjamin P. Oldroyd. Aggregations of unrelated Apis florea colonies. Apidologie, Springer Verlag, 2008, 39 (5), pp.531-536. hal-00891920 HAL Id: hal-00891920 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00891920 Submitted on 1 Jan 2008 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Apidologie 39 (2008) 531–536 Available online at: c INRA/DIB-AGIB/ EDP Sciences, 2008 www.apidologie.org DOI: 10.1051/apido:2008045 Original article Aggregations of unrelated Apis florea colonies* Wandee Wattanachaiyingcharoen1, Siriwat Wongsiri2,BenjaminP.Oldroyd3 1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10320, Thailand 3 Behaviour and Genetics of Social Insects Lab, School of Biological Sciences A12, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Received 5 July 2007 – Revised 25 March 2008 – Accepted 13 May 2008 Abstract – Intensive surveys of an area of woodland in Phitsanulok province, Thailand, revealed 15 colonies of Apis florea. The colonies had a highly aggregated spatial distribution (Standardized Morisita’s Index of Dispersion = 0.59). -
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Previously Published Works
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Previously Published Works Title Effects of forest and cave proximity on fruit set of tree crops in tropical orchards in Southern Thailand Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bv4z153 Journal Journal of Tropical Ecology, 32(4) ISSN 0266-4674 Authors Sritongchuay, T Kremen, C Bumrungsri, S Publication Date 2016-07-01 DOI 10.1017/S0266467416000353 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Journal of Tropical Ecology http://journals.cambridge.org/TRO Additional services for Journal of Tropical Ecology: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Effects of forest and cave proximity on fruit set of tree crops in tropical orchards in Southern Thailand Tuanjit Sritongchuay, Claire Kremen and Sara Bumrungsri Journal of Tropical Ecology / Volume 32 / Issue 04 / July 2016, pp 269 - 279 DOI: 10.1017/S0266467416000353, Published online: 13 July 2016 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0266467416000353 How to cite this article: Tuanjit Sritongchuay, Claire Kremen and Sara Bumrungsri (2016). Effects of forest and cave proximity on fruit set of tree crops in tropical orchards in Southern Thailand. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 32, pp 269-279 doi:10.1017/ S0266467416000353 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/TRO, IP address: 136.152.209.123 on 10 Aug 2016 Journal of Tropical Ecology (2016) 32:269–279. © Cambridge University Press 2016 -
Top-Down Sequencing of Apis Dorsata Apamin by MALDI-TOF MS and Evidence of Its Inactivity Against Microorganisms
Toxicon 71 (2013) 105–112 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Toxicon journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/toxicon Top-down sequencing of Apis dorsata apamin by MALDI-TOF MS and evidence of its inactivity against microorganisms D. Baracchi a,*, G. Mazza a, E. Michelucci b, G. Pieraccini b, S. Turillazzi a,b, G. Moneti b a Department of Biologia Evoluzionistica “Leo Pardi”, University of Firenze, Via Romana 17, 50125 Firenze, Italy b Mass Spectrometry Centre, University of Firenze, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50139 Firenze, Italy article info abstract Article history: Apis mellifera venom is one of the best characterized venoms among Hymenoptera, yet Received 13 March 2013 relatively little is known about venom belonging to other species in the genus Apis. Received in revised form 18 May 2013 Melittin, one of the most important bioactive peptides, has been isolated and characterized Accepted 22 May 2013 in A. mellifera, Apis cerana, Apis dorsata and Apis florea, while apamin has been only Available online 7 June 2013 characterized in A. mellifera and A. cerana. At present, no information is available about the sequence of A. dorsata apamin. Moreover, while the antiseptic properties of melittin and Keywords: MCD peptides are well documented, the antimicrobial activity of apamin has never been MALDI-TOF Venom tested. In the present study, we isolated and characterized apamin from the venom of the Honeybee giant honeybee A. dorsata. We tested the activity of apamin against bacteria and yeasts in a Antimicrobial peptides microbiological assay to gain a more complete understanding of the antimicrobial Peptide sequencing competence of the medium molecular weight venom fraction. -
Training Manual for Rafter Beekeeping
Training Manual The following document is intended to serve as a training manual and has been developed on the basis of related literature and the personal observations of the author. It aims to provide the essential requirements for the implementation of rafter beekeeping and presents guidelines for rafter construction and management as a means of sustainable harvesting. Nevertheless, it should not be considered as a substitute for practical training by an experienced rafter beekeeper, at least in the first stages of implementation. As is the case for any beekeeping activity, experience is a key factor for success. Eric Guerin Beekeeping consultant [email protected] December 2019 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 3 2. WHAT IS RAFTER BEEKEEPING? ................................................... 4 3. BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR RAFTERING ...................................... 6 3.1 Presence of bees in the environment ........................................................... 6 3.2 Lack of “natural” nesting sites ..................................................................... 6 3.3 Abundance of bee friendly floral resources ................................................. 7 3.4 A widely recognized tenure or ownership of the rafters by individuals enforced by community laws and culture .......................................................... 8 3.5 Clarity on the tenure and management of the land ...................................... 9 4. RAFTER DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION -
Positive and Negative Impacts of Non-Native Bee Species Around the World
Supplementary Materials: Positive and Negative Impacts of Non-Native Bee Species around the World Laura Russo Table S1. Selected references of potential negative impacts of Apis or Bombus species. Bold, underlined, and shaded text refers to citations with an empirical component while unbolded text refers to papers that refer to impacts only from a hypothetical standpoint. Light grey shading indicates species for which neither positive nor negative impacts have been recorded. “But see” refers to manuscripts that show evidence or describe the opposite of the effect and is capitalized when only contradictory studies could be found. Note that Apis mellifera scutellata (the “Africanized” honeybee), is treated separately given the abundance of research specifically studying that subspecies. Altering Non-native Nesting Floral Pathoens/ Invasive Introgres Decrease Pollination Species Sites Resources Parasites Weeds sion Plant Fitness Webs Apis cerana [1] [2] [1–3] [4] Apis dorsata Apis florea [5] [5] [37,45] But see [8–19] but [27–35] but [36–38] [39–43] [38,46,47] Apis mellifera [9,23–26] [4] [6,7] see [6,20–22] see [6] but see [44] [48,49] but see [50] Apis mellifera [51] but see [55–57] scutellata [52–54] Bombus [58,59] hortorum Bombus But see But see [60] [61] hypnorum [60] Bombus [62] [62,63] [26,64–66] [62] impatiens Bombus lucorum Bombus [28,58,59,6 [39] but see [67,68] [69,70] [36,39] ruderatus 9,71,72] [73] Bombus [59] subterraneous [67,70,74,75, [29,58,72,9 Bombus [25,26,70,7 [38,39,68,81,97,98 [4,76,88, [47,76,49,86,97 [74–76] 77–84] but 1–95] but terrestris 6,87–90] ] 99,100] ,101–103] see [85,86] see [96] Insects 2016, 7, 69; doi:10.3390/insects7040069 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects Insects 2016, 7, 69 S2 of S8 Table S2. -
Distinctive Hydrocarbons Among Giant Honey Bees, the Apis Dorsata Group (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Da Carlson, Dw Roubik, K Milstrey
Distinctive hydrocarbons among giant honey bees, the Apis dorsata group (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Da Carlson, Dw Roubik, K Milstrey To cite this version: Da Carlson, Dw Roubik, K Milstrey. Distinctive hydrocarbons among giant honey bees, the Apis dorsata group (Hymenoptera: Apidae). Apidologie, Springer Verlag, 1991, 22 (3), pp.169-181. hal- 00890905 HAL Id: hal-00890905 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00890905 Submitted on 1 Jan 1991 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Original article Distinctive hydrocarbons among giant honey bees, the Apis dorsata group (Hymenoptera: Apidae) DA Carlson DW Roubik K Milstrey 1 US Department of Agriculture, IAMARL, PO Box 14565, Gainesville, FL 32604, USA; 2 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, APDO 2072, Balboa, Panamá; 3 University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA (Received 10 April 1988; accepted 11 February 1991) Summary — Cuticular hydrocarbon pattern (CHP) analysis was performed on giant honey bees (the Apis dorsata group) including: 1), those occasionally given species status-Himalayan honey bees, Philippine honey bees, Sulawesi honey bees; 2), those separated since the Pleistocene- common A dorsata of the Indian and Asian lowlands and islands on the continental shelf (India and Sri Lanka, Thailand and Sumatra); and 3), giant honey bees of Borneo and Palawan, potential step- ping-stones to the Philippines and Sulawesi. -
Species from Sympatric Apis Florea (Fabricius, 1787)
Original article Evidence of reproductive isolation confirms that Apis andreniformis (Smith, 1858) is a separate species from sympatric Apis florea (Fabricius, 1787) S Wongsiri K Limbipichai P Tangkanasing M Mardan T Rinderer HA Sylvester G Koeniger G Otis 1 Bee Biology Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; 2 Department of Plant Protection, Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; 3 Honey-Bee Breeding, Genetics & Physiology Research 1157 Ben Hur Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70820, USA; 4 Institut für Bienenkunde D 6370 Oberursel 1, FRG (Received 7 September 1989; accepted 29 September 1989) Summary — The species Apis andreniformis (Smith, 1858), the small dwarf honey bee of South- east Asia, is recognized as a valid biological species. This recognition is based on distinctive endo- phallus characteristics in comparison with sympatric Apis florea (Fabricius, 1787). Additionally, scan- ning electron microscope images of drone basitarsi are presented, as are preliminary comparisons of wing venation. Apis florea / Apis andreniformis / taxonomy / reproductive isolation INTRODUCTION characteristics of Apis florea (Fabricius, 1787) that are reported for worker bees (Maa, 1953). In 1984, our group collected dwarf honey bees in Thailand in the province of Chan- Wu and Kuang (1986, 1987) reported taburi near the border with Kampuchea. that secondary sex characteristics differed Laboratory examinations of worker bees between drones of A florea and A andre- from these collections revealed that some formis. Specifically, both have a furcated bees had the species specific characteris- basitarsus, presumably modified to grasp tics of Apis andreniformis (Smith, 1858) queens during mating (see Ruttner, 1988). and that others had the species specific The furcated basitarsus is quite different in * Correspondence and reprints. -
Apis Mellifera 7
Invite international cooperation and investors By Ir. Bambang Soekartiko Bina Apiary Indonesia Email : [email protected] INDONESIA GLOBAL Located between Asia and Australia continent – 200.000.000 ha land and 500.000.000 ha of sea. – 243.000.000 population ( No 4 after China, India, USA) – 120.000.000 ha of Tropical Rain Forest – Consist of 17.508 islands A potential country for bee products producers and consumers Beekeeping to make people healthy and wealthy 241 millions population, 4th after China, India and USA – 60 % in Java island – Many people living at isolated and remote area and small islands – Health problems : infection deseases – Honey bee products and Apitherapy best alternative to maintain healthy and wealthy for rural people Variety of Honey Bee in Indonesia 1. Apis dorsata 2. Apis andreniformis 3. Apis cerana Ada di Indonesia 4. Apis koschevnikovi 5. Apis nigrocincta 6. Apis mellifera 7. Apis nuluensis 8. Apis laboriosa 9. Apis florea Apis dorsata Apis cerana Apis mellifera - Traditional beekeeping Apis cerana have been practiced by rural people of Java and Bali long time ago using hollow logs and clay pots – Honey hunting of Apis dorsata in Natural forest at Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, NTT, NTB, and Papua/Irian – Modern beekeeping Apis mellifera start in 1974 at Java island by small beekeepers Honey hunting of indigeneous species of Tropical Rain Forest Apis dorsata practice by people living surrounding forest at outer island of Java. – Nesting at big trees protecting by Law – Claims as individual ownership -
Asian Giant Hornet (Vespa Mandarinia)
This is a Pre-Review Version of This Factsheet - An Update Will Be Available When Reviews Are Complete The Asian Giant hornet (AGH) or Japanese giant hornet, Vespa mandarinia, recently found in Brit- ish Columbia, Canada, and in Washington State, poses a significant threat to European honey bee (EHB), Apis mellifera, colonies and is a public health issue. The AGH is the world’s largest species of hornet, native to temperate and tropical Eastern Asia low mountains and forests. The hornet is well adapted to conditions in the Pacific Northwest. If this hornet becomes established, it will have a severe and damaging impact on the honey bee pop- ulation, the beekeeping industry, the environment, public health, and the economy. It is critical that we identify, trap, and attempt to eliminate this new pest before it becomes established and wide- spread. Attempts to contain the spread and eradication of this invasive insect will be most effective Vespa mandarinia japonica from Taraba- in trapping queens during early spring before their nests become established. gani - Wikimedia commons It is critical these actions are taken before the fall reproductive and dispersal phase of the hornet. What is a hornet? Beekeepers in the field are the most crucial line of defense in locating, identifying, and trapping the A hornet is simply a large wasp. Generally, wasps hornets. Yet, everyone should be on the lookout for the hornets and report any sightings to local of the class or genus know as Vespa are consid- authorities and the Washington Department of Agriculture. ered hornets. Interestingly, there are no true hor- Here we cover how the AGH will impact the honey bee, give the reader a better understanding of nets (Vespa) native to North America.