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Matos Moctezuma Ofrece Semblanza De Moctezuma I, Tlatoani Que Consolidó El Imperio Mexica

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Matos Moctezuma Ofrece Semblanza De Moctezuma I, Tlatoani Que Consolidó El Imperio Mexica Dirección de Medios de Comunicación Bolen Nº 259 23 de julio de 2020 Matos Moctezuma ofrece semblanza de Moctezuma I, tlatoani que consolidó el imperio mexica *** El inves7gador emérito del INAH dictó una videoconferencia sobre la figura del célebre gobernante de Tenoch7tlan, entre 1440 y 1469 *** La ac7vidad fue organizada por una reconocida marca de plumas, la cual se inspiró en el tlatoani mexica para crear una edición limitada de estilográficas Moctezuma I ha pasado a la historia como el gobernante que reinó más tiempo sobre los destinos de Tenochtitlan, convirtiéndole en el poder hegemónico de Mesoamérica, un personaje fascinante del que habló Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, investigador emérito del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH), quien tuvo la oportunidad de corroborar esa grandeza durante sus excavaciones en el Templo Mayor. El reconocido arqueólogo, quien hace 42 años lideró a un equipo multidisciplinario para descubrir, capa a capa, los secretos del Huey Teocalli o Templo Mayor, en una videoconferencia destacó el genio militar del quinto tlatoani tenochca que, en casi tres décadas, de 1440 a 1469, estableció las bases para el despegue defini7vo y consolidación de la an7gua ciudad inmersa en la Cuenca de México. La ac7vidad, enmarcada en la campaña “Con7go en la Distancia”, de la Secretaría de Cultura, fue organizada por una reconocida marca de plumas, cuya directora general, Stéphanie Mar%nez, dio a conocer la edición limitada de estilográficas inspirada en Moctezuma I. Es la primera vez que la marca dedica su serie en homenaje a los más distinguidos mecenas del arte y la cultura del pasado, a un personaje de la historia de México. En el encuentro virtual, el autor de Muerte a filo de obsidiana, expresó que con innegable astucia militar, Moctezuma Ilhuicamina, “El que se muestra enojado, el flechador del cielo”, llevó a los ejércitos mexicas más allá del Al7plano Central y obtuvo para su pueblo una extraordinaria fuente de productos de toda clase, sobre los que se sustentó el esplendor de Tenoch7tlan. Hijo del segundo gobernante de la urbe, Huitzilíhuitl, Moctezuma I accedió al trono con más de 40 años y poseía ya una buena fama obtenida por su desempeño en las batallas. Había llegado a ser tlacochcalcatl (puesto de alto rango militar) en el gobierno de Itzcóatl, cargo desde el que desempeñó un papel determinante en las victorias que desembocaron en el surgimiento del imperio mexica. No hay duda que Moctezuma I cumplió la encomienda cabalmente, afirmó Eduardo Matos. Durante su largo reinado, el territorio controlado por la Triple Alianza aumentó notablemente y alcanzó regiones lejanas como la actual zona Huasteca y lo que hoy es el estado Oaxaca, con el consecuente aumento en la can7dad y en la variedad de los tributos recibidos. Logró además el control absoluto de la Cuenca de México, tras derrotar a Chalco, con el que mantuvo una prolongada guerra. En su periodo de gobierno aparecieron algunos rasgos en cuanto a la relación de Tenoch7tlan con sus vasallos y enemigos. Por ejemplo, una de sus primeras acciones fue convocar a los pueblos dominados a colaborar en las obras de ampliación del Templo Mayor, una empresa fundamental en la demostración de la grandeza de México-Tenoch7tlan; aquellos que se negaron, como Chalco, tuvieron que enfrentar los ataques del ejército mexica. A Moctezuma I se atribuye el monolito circular descubierto en 1988 en el An7guo Palacio de Arzobispado, en la calle Moneda (expuesta en el Museo Nacional de Antropología), tanto así que ha sido nombrado como "Piedra de Moctezuma I". En su cara superior aparecen mo7vos solares y en su interior el rostro de una deidad. En la cara lateral se registraron once conquistas militares, colocadas en cuadrantes que se acompañan de símbolos de carácter calendárico y religioso. Ese esplendor se vería reflejado en el Templo Mayor, la pirámide doble con adoratorios dedicados a las principales deidades: Tláloc y Huitzilopochtli. En la cuarta ampliación (de siete que tuvo este edificio) y que corresponde al 7empo de mando del célebre gobernante mexica, se encontraron ofrendas con materiales provenientes de des7nos lejanos, reflejo de la expansión del imperio, refirió Eduardo Matos. Y es que el templo principal reflejaba en su dualidad las bases de la economía de los mexicas: por un lado, la producción agrícola dependiente del agua y, por el otro, la guerra y el sistema tributario. Asimismo, el Huey Teocalli representaba el axis mundi, el centro del universo del que par%an los cuatro rumbos cardinales, los cuales tenían una expresión material en las cuatro calzadas que conectaban a la isla con 7erra firme. Más de 40 años de trabajo ininterrumpido del Proyecto Templo Mayor y casi 30 del Programa de Arqueología Urbana, han permi7do penetrar en los misterios de la an7gua Tenoch7tlan y brindar un nuevo rostro a la cultura mexica, como lo confirman más de mil 200 publicaciones dedicadas al tema, sostuvo el maestro Matos Moctezuma. Concluyó que en los úl7mos años se han descubierto otras estructuras del Recinto Sagrado de Tenoch7tlan, como el Cuauhxicalco, donde según las fuentes se enterraban las cenizas de los gobernantes; el Huey Tzompantli o muro de cráneos, el Calmécac o escuela de nobles, el Templo de Ehécatl y un cabezal de la cancha de juego de Pelota, entre otros, que se añadirán a la visita pública en un mediano plazo. .
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