Summary of the Key Issues in Space-based Measurements:
Identification of Future Needs and Opportunities
Jean-Christopher LAMBERT
Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA) Brussels, Belgium
with contributions by 8ORM Participants, CEOS, and NDACC Satellite WG 8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Summary of the Key Issues in Space-based Measurements: Identification of Future Needs and Opportunities
1. Satellite missions
2. Follow-up of 7ORM issues
3. Data quality strategy
4. Suggestions and recommendations
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Catalogues and details on satellite missions
NDACC Satellite WG Web Site http://www.oma.be/NDSC_SatWG/Home.html
Committee on Earth Observation Satellites http://ceos.org
WMO Satellite & Requirements Database http://192.91.247.60/sat/index.htm
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 SATELLITE MISSIONS FOR ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION (197 8-2020)
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 SOUNDER MISSION 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 TOMS Nimbus 7 METEOR 3 ADEOS 1 Earth Probe SBUV Nimbus 7 SBUV/2, NOAA-9 SSU/AMSU, NOAA-11 TOVS NOAA-14 NOAA-16 NOAA-17 NOAA-N/18 AMSU-A, HIRS/4 NOAA-N1/19 SSBUV STS I I I I I I I I SOLSE/LORE STS 87 & 107 I I OMPS, CrIS, ATMS NPP OMPS, CrIS, ATMS NPOESS SBUS, TOU, IRAS, Feng-Yun-3A MWTS, MWHS, Feng-Yun-3B MERSI Feng-Yun-3x SAM II Nimbus 7 SAGE I AEM-B SAGE II ERBS SAGE III METOR 3M LITE STS-64 I CALIPSO CALIPSO LIMS Nimbus 7 SAMS UV / VIS / IR SME GRILLE STS 9/45 I I ATMOS 1/2/3/4 STS 17/45/56/66 I I I I CLAES HALOE ISAMS MLS MAHRSI STSUARS 66 & 85 I I MOPITT EOS Terra SABER TIMED MLS HIRDLS OMI TES SOFIE EOSAIM Aura POAM II SPOT 3 POAM III SPOT 4 BUV EXOS-C LAS (Ohzora) ILAS ADEOS IMG (Midori) ILAS-II ADEOS-II TANSO GOSAT SMILES Kibo JEM/ISS ORA EURECA CRISTA 1/2 STS 66 & 85 I I GOME ERS-2 SCIAMACHY GOMOS MIPAS GOME-2, IASI, MetOp-A AMSU-A, HIRS/4 MetOp-B GRAS, MHS MetOp-C OZONE/ISTOK MIR/Priroda SMR OSIRIS ENVISAT-1 ACE FTS ACE MAESTRO STEAM STEAM SWIFT Chinook Status May 2010 Sounding strategy: nadir Sun/Moon occultation Spectral range: UV UV/VIS/NIR 8Compiledth ORM, by WMO/UNEP,CEOS ACSG andOdin the Geneva, NDACC Satellite CH, WG May 2-4, 2011 limb stellar occultation IR VIS/IR Details via http://www.ndacc.org Satellite WG nadir/limb multi-target MW multi-sensor SCISAT-1 CEOS (http://ceos.org)
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Aqua (AIRS, CERES) , Terra (MOPITT, CERES) , Odin (OSIRIS, SMR) , Envisat (GOMOS, MIPAS, SCIAMACHY) , ACE, AIM, Aura (HIRDLS, MLS, OMI, TES) , CALIPSO, MetOp-A (GOME-2, GRAS, HIRS-4, IASI) , NOAA-16/17/18 SBUV-2, FY-3 SBUS/TOU NOAA-19 GOSAT 2009, NOAA-19 2009, GOSAT SMILES JEM SMILES 2009-2010
NPP/NPOESS 2011, Glory NPOESS ADM-Aeolus ADM-Aeolus 2012, MetOp-B 2012, EarthCARE 2013, S5p 2014, CASS 2014, STEAM, SWIFT, GMES Sentinels 4 (GEO) & 5 (LEO) 2019+ CSA PHEMOS, APOCC (MCAP, MEOS, SOAR, STEP) CIAC SEOSAT UVAS ESA Earth Explorers
ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION MISSIONS COMPOSITION ATMOSPHERIC Coming Future NASA’s Recent Ongoing EDS CLARREO, GEO-CAPE, ACE, GACM, CASS JAXA, NSMC, CEOS ACC Gap Analysis Study 8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Early results from SMILES observations Ozone (left), ClO (center), and HCl (right) distributions at 22 km on January 28, 2010 when a stratospheric warming occurred and the polar vortex moved over Europe accordingly.
Examples of diurnal variation (left: ClO, right: BrO) based on data from Feb. to Apr. 2010. Courtesy: M. Shiotani, Kyoto University M. Courtesy:Shiotani, Kyoto
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Update on Future Canadian missions
Chemical and Aerosol Sounding Satellite (CASS) Polar Highly Elliptical / Molniya Orbit Science (PHEMOS) RFP Atmospheric Processes of Climate and its Change (APOCC) Concept Studies
Courtesy K. Walker, U. Toronto; T. Piekutowski, CSA
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Follow-up of key issues expressed at 7ORM
Concerns • Risk of data gap, no backup • Reduction of capabilities • Harmonization • Traceability
Need for sustained measurements • Ozone monitoring • Diagnostics of ozone chemistry • Halocarbons monitoring • Coupling with climate, Essential Climate Variables • Improvement of CTMs and GCMs and data assimilation systems
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Follow-up of "gap" concerns expressed at 7ORM
A few gap filler missions on the way, but high risk of gap Continuity of nadir O3C/O3P missions ensured till 2020 by MetOp/NPOESS/FY-3, and by Sentinels after Same continuity of nadir NO2/BrO/OClO missions but maybe not enough redundancy Beyond current plans, continuity of « high » resolution profiling remains an issue: no operational system foreseen for sensors like SAGE, MLS, MIPAS, ACE-FTS…; true for
O3, severely true for several O3 related and climate related species
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Evolution of satellite activities since 7ORM (an ozone-biased perspective)
Operationalisation and interoperability (GEOSS) User’s voice and applications more and more important New and stringent requirements have emerged from climate users. General interest and resources moving towards air quality, greenhouse gases, hazards… Maybe less space for needed research on ozone related issues (the myth of the solved problem). But research MUST continue: accuracy of
O3 trends, Brewer-Dobson circulation, changes in CO 2 oceanic sink, complexity of multi-mission analyses… Support from ground-based systems more crucial than ever => CEOS sponsored field campaigns, establishment of lists of essential stations (from satellite perspective), harmonisation efforts regarding cros- sections and retrievals, study of network homogeneity and long-term stability, multi-mission studies…
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Long-term drifts in satellite data records: Ozone profile Multi-mission validation assessment of ten limb (incl. occultation) ozone profilers using data archived in WOUDC, NDACC DHF and SHADOZ
POLE-TO-POLE STRUCTURE OF SATELLITE DRIFTS IN THE STRATOSPHERE (VS. GAW & NDACC) SAGE-II v6.2 SAGE-II ACE-FTSv2.2u GOMOS v6.0cf / IPF 5.00 IPF / GOMOS v6.0cf HALOEv19 MIPAS IPF 4.61/2 IPF MIPAS SCIAMACHY3.01 SGP
(from SPARC/IO 3C/IGACO poster by D. Hubert et al ., 2011) 8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Long -term drifts in satellite data records:
NO 2 column
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 EC FP6 GEOmon and ProDEx SECPEA [DA-09-02] What is a "valid" co-location? [DA-06-02] [CL-06-01] Air masses actually probed by ESA satellites and by NDACC instruments
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Data Quality Strategy
Response to 7ORM recommendations on QA, metadata etc.: GEO QA4EO AC&C Validation Protocols Generic set of EO metadata standards (GEOMS) Generic Environment for Cal/Val Analysis (GECA)
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 http://qa4eo.org
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Version 4.0, 14 January 2010
QA4EO Point of Contact: http://qa4eo.org [email protected]
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Validation Protocol for Atmospheric Services
• General rules to ensure independent, ALGORITHM AND unbiased, sustainable and traceable PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT validation
RESEARCH AGAINST • Definition of roadmaps for the PARTNERSRESEARCH VALIDATION OF INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS validation of data products and of
IMPLEMENTATION AND services OPERATIONALISATION • Fitness for purpose of both data and SYSTEM DEVELOPERSSYSTEM validation => SLA-committed users
FEEDBACK VALIDATION AGAINST SPECIFICATIONS • Requirements for reference data OPERATION sources, validation documentation, document availability, access and CORE ENDORSEMENT VALIDATION AGAINST USERSUSERS distribution rules USER REQUIREMENTS • After succesful pioneering within UTILIZATION ESA‘s PROMOTE, being adapted now to GMES Atmospheric Service (MACC, SERVICE PROVIDERSPROVIDERS QUALITY ASSESSMENT / PASODOBLE, EVOSS...) QUALITY CONTROL
SERVICE UPDATES AND EXTENSION
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 MACC val. protocol: QA, metadata, INSPIRE etc.
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Miscellaneous Recommendations
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Recommendations for measurement strategies and emphases
Develop mesosphere and upper stratosphere measurement capabilities Further develop and expend GHG and tropospheric monitoring;
emphases on CO, CO 2, CH 4, water vapor, BrO and SO 2 Continue improvement of profiling capabilities Further develop diurnal cycle measurements Ensure long-term stability, multi-mission and networks homogeneity Consider more systematically strategic plans associated with thematic domains, generic user requirements (e.g. IGACO, GCOS), gap analysis… Better characterise sites. Identify stations representative of a larger area beyond their immediate spatial coverage. Consider better interaction with complementary networks (incl. airborne) and with campaigns
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 Miscellaneous recommendations and suggestions
Develop standard transformation tools (e.g. from surface VMR to vertical column for satellite-to-surface validations) Continue metadata developments and harmonisation incl. data characterisation Consider several (meta-)data formats like HDF and climate users’ favourite data format NetCDF Continue error budget characterisation and documentation Document status of long-term stability and of network homogeneity Improve visibility of capabilities and data archives, e.g. measurement capabilities chart and web site outlining thematic domains
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011 THANK YOU !
Any question or suggestion to
8th ORM, WMO/UNEP, Geneva, CH, May 2-4, 2011